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Hamdy NM, Zaki MB, Rizk NI, Abdelmaksoud NM, Abd-Elmawla MA, Ismail RA, Abulsoud AI. Unraveling the ncRNA landscape that governs colorectal cancer: A roadmap to personalized therapeutics. Life Sci 2024; 354:122946. [PMID: 39122108 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) being one of the most common malignancies, has a significant death rate, especially when detected at an advanced stage. In most cases, the fundamental aetiology of CRC remains unclear despite the identification of several environmental and intrinsic risk factors. Numerous investigations, particularly in the last ten years, have indicated the involvement of epigenetic variables in this type of cancer. The development, progression, and metastasis of CRC are influenced by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are significant players in the epigenetic pathways. LncRNAs are implicated in diverse pathological processes in CRC, such as liver metastasis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), inflammation, and chemo-/radioresistance. It has recently been determined that CRC cells and tissues exhibit dysregulation of tens of oncogenic and tumor suppressor lncRNAs. Serum samples from CRC patients exhibit dysregulated expressions of several of these transcripts, offering a non-invasive method of detecting this kind of cancer. In this review, we outlined the typical paradigms of the deregulated lncRNA which exert significant role in the underlying molecular mechanisms of CRC initiation and progression. We comprehensively discuss the role of lncRNAs as innovative targets for CRC prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbasia Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, 32897, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | | | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Rehab A Ismail
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11231, Egypt
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Li J, Xiao F, Wang S, Fan X, He Z, Yan T, Zhang J, Yang M, Yang D. LncRNAs are involved in regulating ageing and age-related disease through the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signalling pathway. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101042. [PMID: 38966041 PMCID: PMC11222807 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is longer than 200 bp. It regulates various biological processes mainly by interacting with DNA, RNA, or protein in multiple kinds of biological processes. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is activated during nutrient starvation, especially glucose starvation and oxygen deficiency (hypoxia), and exposure to toxins that inhibit mitochondrial respiratory chain complex function. AMPK is an energy switch in organisms that controls cell growth and multiple cellular processes, including lipid and glucose metabolism, thereby maintaining intracellular energy homeostasis by activating catabolism and inhibiting anabolism. The AMPK signalling pathway consists of AMPK and its upstream and downstream targets. AMPK upstream targets include proteins such as the transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), liver kinase B1 (LKB1), and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase β (CaMKKβ), and its downstream targets include proteins such as the mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), and silencing information regulatory 1 (SIRT1). In general, proteins function relatively independently and cooperate. In this article, a review of the currently known lncRNAs involved in the AMPK signalling pathway is presented and insights into the regulatory mechanisms involved in human ageing and age-related diseases are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zhi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Taiming Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610017, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Deying Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
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Yang Z, Jiang Y, Ma J, Wang L, Han S, Huda N, Kusumanchi P, Gao H, Thoudam T, Sun Z, Liangpunsakul S. LncRNA H19 promoted alcohol-associated liver disease through dysregulation of alternative splicing and methionine metabolism. Hepatology 2024:01515467-990000000-01012. [PMID: 39364651 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000001078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Long noncoding RNAs constitute a significant portion of the human genome. Among these, lncRNA H19, initially identified for its high expression during fetal development followed by a decline in the liver postnatally, re-emerges in various liver diseases. However, its specific role in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) remains unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS Elevated H19 levels were detected in peripheral blood and livers of patients with alcohol-associated cirrhosis and hepatitis, as well as in livers of ethanol-fed mice. Hepatic overexpression of H19 exacerbated ethanol-induced liver steatosis and injury. Metabolomics analysis revealed decreased methionine levels in H19-overexpressed mouse livers, attributable to H19-mediated inhibition of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT), a crucial enzyme in methionine synthesis. H19 regulated BHMT alternative splicing through polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1), resulting in a reduced Bhmt protein-coding variant. The maternally specific knockout of H19 (H19Mat+/-) or liver-specific knockout of the H19 differentially methylated domain (H19DMDHep-/-) in ethanol-fed mice upregulated BHMT expression and ameliorated hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, BHMT restoration counteracted H19-induced ethanol-mediated hepatic steatosis. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies a novel mechanism whereby H19, via PTBP1-mediated BHMT regulation, influences methionine metabolism in ALD. Targeting the H19-PTBP1-BHMT pathway may offer new therapeutic avenues for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Yanchao Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Independent Researcher, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Sen Han
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Nazmul Huda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Praveen Kusumanchi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Themis Thoudam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Zhaoli Sun
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Qi Y, Zhao P. Influence of H19 polymorphisms on breast cancer: risk assessment and prognostic implications via LincRNA H19/miR-675 and downstream pathways. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1436874. [PMID: 39267845 PMCID: PMC11390531 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1436874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer, as the most prevalent malignancy among women globally, continues to exhibit rising incidence rates, particularly in China. The disease predominantly affects women aged 40 to 60 and is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. This study focuses on the role of H19 gene polymorphisms, investigating their impact on breast cancer susceptibility, clinical outcomes, and response to treatment. Methods We engaged 581 breast cancer patients and 558 healthy controls, using TaqMan assays and DNA sequencing to determine genotypes at specific loci (rs11042167, rs2071095, rs2251375). We employed in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to measure the expression levels of LincRNA H19, miR-675, MRP3, HOXA1, and MMP16 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples. Statistical analyses included chi-squared tests, logistic regression, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves to evaluate associations between genetic variations, gene expression, and clinical outcomes. Results Genotypes AG at rs11042167, GT at rs2071095, and AC at rs2251375 were significantly associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Notably, the AA genotype at rs11042167 and TT genotype at rs2071095 were linked to favorable prognosis. High expression levels of LincRNA H19, miR-675, MRP3, HOXA1, and MMP16 in cancer tissues correlated with advanced disease stages and poorer survival rates. Spearman correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between the expression of LincRNA H19 and miR-675 and specific genotypes, highlighting their potential regulatory roles in tumor progression. Discussion The study underscores the critical roles of LincRNA H19 and miR-675 as prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer, with their overexpression associated with disease progression and adverse outcomes. The H19/LincRNA H19/miR-675/MRP3-HOXA1-MMP16 axis offers promising targets for new therapeutic strategies, reflecting the complex interplay between genetic markers and breast cancer pathology. Conclusion The findings confirm that certain H19 SNPs are associated with heightened breast cancer risk and that the expression profiles of related genetic markers can significantly influence prognosis and treatment response. These biomarkers hold potential as targets for personalized therapy and early detection strategies in breast cancer, underscoring the importance of genetic research in understanding and managing this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qi
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Ahmad I, Jasim SA, Sergeevna KN, Jyothi S R, Kumar A, Dusanov A, Shuhata Alubiady MH, Sinha A, Zain Al-Abdeen SH, Hjazi A. Emerging roles of long noncoding RNA H19 in human lung cancer. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4072. [PMID: 39031589 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer holds the position of being the primary cause of cancer-related fatalities on a global scale. Furthermore, it exhibits the highest mortality rate among all types of cancer. The survival rate within a span of 5 years is less than 20%, primarily due to the fact that the disease is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in less effective treatment options compared to earlier stages. There are two main types of primary lung cancer: nonsmall-cell lung cancer, which accounts for approximately 80%-85% of all cases, and small-cell lung cancer, which is categorized based on the specific type of cells in which the cancer originates. The understanding of the biology of this disease and the identification of oncogenic driver alterations have significantly transformed the landscape of therapeutic approaches. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating various physiological and pathological processes through diverse molecular mechanisms. Among these lncRNAs, lncRNA H19, initially identified as an oncofetal transcript, has garnered significant attention due to its elevated expression in numerous tumors. Extensive research has confirmed its involvement in tumorigenesis and malignant progression by promoting cell growth, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of the aberrant overexpression of lncRNA H19 and the molecular pathways through which it contributes to the advancement of lung cancer. The findings of this review highlight the potential for further investigation into the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, offering promising avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Klunko Nataliya Sergeevna
- Department of Training of Scientific and Scientific-Pedagogical Personnel, Russian New University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Renuka Jyothi S
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Abdigafur Dusanov
- Department of Internal Medicine Number 4, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Aashna Sinha
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Divison of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Xiang S, Yan W, Ren X, Feng J, Zu X. Role of ferroptosis and ferroptosis-related long non'coding RNA in breast cancer. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:40. [PMID: 38528461 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00560-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a therapeutic strategy for tumours, is a regulated cell death characterised by the increased accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides (LPO). Tumour-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), when combined with traditional anti-cancer medicines or radiotherapy, can improve efficacy and decrease mortality in cancer. Investigating the role of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs may help strategise new therapeutic options for breast cancer (BC). Herein, we briefly discuss the genes and pathways of ferroptosis involved in iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, including the XC-/GSH/GPX4 system, ACSL4/LPCAT3/15-LOX and FSP1/CoQ10/NAD(P)H pathways, and investigate the correlation between ferroptosis and LncRNA in BC to determine possible biomarkers related to ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Xiang
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Yan
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xing Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jianbo Feng
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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7
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Wang Y, Bu N, Luan XF, Song QQ, Ma BF, Hao W, Yan JJ, Wang L, Zheng XL, Maimaitiyiming Y. Harnessing the potential of long non-coding RNAs in breast cancer: from etiology to treatment resistance and clinical applications. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1337579. [PMID: 38505593 PMCID: PMC10949897 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1337579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths of females worldwide. It is a complex and molecularly heterogeneous disease, with various subtypes that require different treatment strategies. Despite advances in high-resolution single-cell and multinomial technologies, distant metastasis and therapeutic resistance remain major challenges for BC treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with more than 200 nucleotides in length. They act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to regulate post-transcriptional gene stability and modulate protein-protein, protein-DNA, and protein-RNA interactions to regulate various biological processes. Emerging evidence suggests that lncRNAs play essential roles in human cancers, including BC. In this review, we focus on the roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in BC progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance, and discuss their potential value as therapeutic targets. Specifically, we summarize how lncRNAs are involved in the initiation and progression of BC, as well as their roles in metastasis and the development of therapeutic resistance. We also recapitulate the potential of lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and discuss their potential use in personalized medicine. Finally, we provide lncRNA-based strategies to promote the prognosis of breast cancer patients in clinical settings, including the development of novel lncRNA-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Bu
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-fei Luan
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian-qian Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ba-Fang Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wenhui Hao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jing-jing Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-ling Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yasen Maimaitiyiming
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Women’s Hospital, Institute of Genetics, and Department of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Kar S, Mukherjee R, Guha S, Talukdar D, Das G, Murmu N. Modulating the acetylation of α-tubulin by LncRNAs and microRNAs helps in the progression of cancer. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3953. [PMID: 38414166 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Malignant tumor cells go through morphological and gene expression alterations, including rearrangement of cytoskeleton proteins that promote invasion and metastasis. Microtubules form a major cytoskeleton component that plays a significant role in regulating multiple cellular activities and function depending on the presence of posttranslational modification (PTM). Acetylation is a type of PTM that generally occurs in the lysine 40 region of α-tubulin and is known to be critically associated with cancer metastasis. Current evidence demonstrates that noncoding RNAs, such as long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNA (or miRNA), which are correlated with gene regulation modulate the expression of acetylated tubulin in the development and metastasis of cancer. This review provides an overview about the role of lncRNA and miRNA in regulation of tubulin acetylation in various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Kar
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Rimi Mukherjee
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhabrata Guha
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Debojit Talukdar
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Gaurav Das
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Nabendu Murmu
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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Mahato RK, Bhattacharya S, Khullar N, Sidhu IS, Reddy PH, Bhatti GK, Bhatti JS. Targeting long non-coding RNAs in cancer therapy using CRISPR-Cas9 technology: A novel paradigm for precision oncology. J Biotechnol 2024; 379:98-119. [PMID: 38065367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, despite recent advances in its identification and management. To improve cancer patient diagnosis and care, it is necessary to identify new biomarkers and molecular targets. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have surfaced as important contributors to various cellular activities, with growing proof indicating their substantial role in the genesis, development, and spread of cancer. Their unique expression profiles within specific tissues and their wide-ranging functionalities make lncRNAs excellent candidates for potential therapeutic intervention in cancer management. They are implicated in multiple hallmarks of cancer, such as uncontrolled proliferation, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. This review article explores the innovative application of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in targeting lncRNAs as a cancer therapeutic strategy. The CRISPR-Cas9 system has been widely applied in functional genomics, gene therapy, and cancer research, offering a versatile platform for lncRNA targeting. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated targeting of lncRNAs can be achieved through CRISPR interference, activation or the complete knockout of lncRNA loci. Combining CRISPR-Cas9 technology with high-throughput functional genomics makes it possible to identify lncRNAs critical for the survival of specific cancer subtypes, opening the door for tailored treatments and personalised cancer therapies. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated lncRNA targeting with other cutting-edge cancer therapies, such as immunotherapy and targeted molecular therapeutics can be used to overcome the drug resistance in cancer. The synergy of lncRNA research and CRISPR-Cas9 technology presents immense potential for individualized cancer treatment, offering renewed hope in the battle against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar Mahato
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Srinjan Bhattacharya
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Naina Khullar
- Department of Zoology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
| | - Inderpal Singh Sidhu
- Department of Zoology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Sector 26, Chandigarh, India
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Departments of Neurology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
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Shi L, Zhang D, Han H, Zhang L, Li S, Yang F, He C. HOTAIR knockdown impairs metastasis of cervical cancer cells by down-regulating metastasis-related genes. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2023; 43:2181060. [PMID: 36972141 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2023.2181060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of LncRNA HOTAIR knockdown in the biological impacts on cervical cancer cells. The HOTAIR gene in two human cervical cancer cell lines was silenced with small interfering (si) RNA siHOTAIR. Proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of cells were assessed following the knockdown. The expressions of Notch1, EpCAM, E-cadherin, vimentin and STAT3 were assessed using qRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis. Compared with controls, HOTAIR levels were reduced significantly, the OD values of cells were significantly decreased in proliferation assays, cell apoptosis was significantly increased, cell migration and invasion were significantly reduced after HOTAIR knockdown. Molecular analysis showed that Notch1, EpCAM, vimentin and STAT3 expressions were decreased significantly, while the expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased after HOTAIR knockdown. Rescue experiments further confirmed that Notch1 and STAT3 were involved in siHOTAIR-mediated reduction of migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? Long non-coding RNAs including HOTAIR, is implicated in occurrence and development of cancer and have been explored to develop new therapeutic options for cancer.What do the results of this study add? HOTAIR silencing significantly reduces the viability and migration ability of cells and induces cell apoptosis, adding experimental data supporting the potential use of HOTAIR specific-siRNA as a therapeutic avenue for the cancer.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The finding from this study would help develop clinically applicable therapeutic avenues for the cancer and identify new treatment targets in the relevant pathways leading to new drugs or treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Dehui Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital and Huiren Cancer Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the 962 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Liangyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Sirui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Caijun He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the 962 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Harbin, P.R. China
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11
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Zhang R, Zeng Y, Deng JL. Long non-coding RNA H19: a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in human malignant tumors. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1425-1440. [PMID: 36484927 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs play important roles in cellular functions and disease development. H19, as a long non-coding RNA, is pervasively over-expressed in almost all kinds of human malignant tumors. Although many studies have reported that H19 is closely associated with tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance, the role and mechanism of H19 in gene regulation and tumor development are largely unclear. In this review, we summarized the recent progress in the study of the major functions and mechanisms of H19 lncRNA in cancer development and progression. H19 possesses both oncogenic and tumor-suppressing activities, presumably through regulating target gene transcription, mRNA stability and splicing, and competitive inhibition of endogenous RNA degradation. Studies indicate that H19 may involve in cell proliferation and apoptosis, tumor initiation, migration, invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance and may serve as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosis, and novel molecular target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Li Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Baljon KJ, Ramaiah P, Saleh EAM, Al-Dolaimy F, Al-Dami FH, Gandla K, Alkhafaji AT, Abbas AHR, Alsaalamy AH, Bisht YS. LncRNA PVT1: as a therapeutic target for breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154675. [PMID: 37531833 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
A significant number of women are identified with breast cancer (BC) every year, making it among the most prevalent malignancies and one of the leading causes of mortality globally. Despite significant progress in understanding BC pathogenesis and treatment options, there is still a need to identify new therapeutic targets and develop more effective treatments. LncRNAs have been discovered as biomarkers and a promising target for various cancers, including BC. PVT1 is a particular one of these lncRNAs, and research has indicated that it has a significant impact on the appearance and progression of BC.PVT1 is an attractive therapeutic target for BC due to its role in promoting cancer cell growth, metastasis and invasion. In addition to its potential as a treatment strategy, PVT1 may also have diagnostic value in BC. In this article, we will discuss targeting PVT1 as a treatment strategy for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ebraheem Abdu Musad Saleh
- Department of Chemistry,College of Arts and Science, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Al-Dawasir 11991, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Farqad Hassan Al-Dami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Altoosi University College, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Kumaraswamy Gandla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chaitanya Deemed to be University, Hanamkonda, India.
| | | | - Ahmed Hussien R Abbas
- College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Hashiem Alsaalamy
- College of technical engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Yashwant Singh Bisht
- Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
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13
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Baba SK, Baba SK, Mir R, Elfaki I, Algehainy N, Ullah MF, Barnawi J, Altemani FH, Alanazi M, Mustafa SK, Masoodi T, Akil ASA, Bhat AA, Macha MA. Long non-coding RNAs modulate tumor microenvironment to promote metastasis: novel avenue for therapeutic intervention. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1164301. [PMID: 37384249 PMCID: PMC10299194 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1164301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a devastating disease and the primary cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with cancer metastasis responsible for 90% of cancer-related deaths. Cancer metastasis is a multistep process characterized by spreading of cancer cells from the primary tumor and acquiring molecular and phenotypic changes that enable them to expand and colonize in distant organs. Despite recent advancements, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) of cancer metastasis is limited and requires further exploration. In addition to genetic alterations, epigenetic changes have been demonstrated to play an important role in the development of cancer metastasis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered one of the most critical epigenetic regulators. By regulating signaling pathways and acting as decoys, guides, and scaffolds, they modulate key molecules in every step of cancer metastasis such as dissemination of carcinoma cells, intravascular transit, and metastatic colonization. Gaining a good knowledge of the detailed molecular basis underlying lncRNAs regulating cancer metastasis may provide previously unknown therapeutic and diagnostic lncRNAs for patients with metastatic disease. In this review, we concentrate on the molecular mechanisms underlying lncRNAs in the regulation of cancer metastasis, the cross-talk with metabolic reprogramming, modulating cancer cell anoikis resistance, influencing metastatic microenvironment, and the interaction with pre-metastatic niche formation. In addition, we also discuss the clinical utility and therapeutic potential of lncRNAs for cancer treatment. Finally, we also represent areas for future research in this rapidly developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Khurshid Baba
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, India
| | - Sadaf Khursheed Baba
- Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Science (SKIMS), Soura, Kashmir, India
| | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseh Algehainy
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Fahad Ullah
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Barnawi
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal H. Altemani
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alanazi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Khalid Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Human Immunology Department, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira S. Alshabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A. Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, India
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14
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Sherazi SAM, Abbasi A, Jamil A, Uzair M, Ikram A, Qamar S, Olamide AA, Arshad M, Fried PJ, Ljubisavljevic M, Wang R, Bashir S. Molecular hallmarks of long non-coding RNAs in aging and its significant effect on aging-associated diseases. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:959-968. [PMID: 36254975 PMCID: PMC9827784 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.355751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is linked to the deterioration of many physical and cognitive abilities and is the leading risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. The growing aging population is a significant healthcare problem globally that researchers must investigate to better understand the underlying aging processes. Advances in microarrays and sequencing techniques have resulted in deeper analyses of diverse essential genomes (e.g., mouse, human, and rat) and their corresponding cell types, their organ-specific transcriptomes, and the tissue involved in aging. Traditional gene controllers such as DNA- and RNA-binding proteins significantly influence such programs, causing the need to sort out long non-coding RNAs, a new class of powerful gene regulatory elements. However, their functional significance in the aging process and senescence has yet to be investigated and identified. Several recent researchers have associated the initiation and development of senescence and aging in mammals with several well-reported and novel long non-coding RNAs. In this review article, we identified and analyzed the evolving functions of long non-coding RNAs in cellular processes, including cellular senescence, aging, and age-related pathogenesis, which are the major hallmarks of long non-coding RNAs in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Aoun Mehmood Sherazi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asim Abbasi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Abdullah Jamil
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Uzair
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Ikram
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shanzay Qamar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Peter J. Fried
- Department of Neurology, Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation and Division of Cognitive Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (KS 158), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Milos Ljubisavljevic
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Rolla M, Jawiarczyk-Przybyłowska A, Kolačkov K, Zembska A, Bolanowski M. Is H19 RNA a Useful Marker of Acromegaly and Its Complications? A Preliminary Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041211. [PMID: 37189829 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disorder caused by somatotroph pituitary adenoma. Besides its typical symptoms, it contributes to the development of cardiovascular, metabolic, and bone comorbidities. H19 RNA is a long non-coding RNA and it is suspected to be involved in tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and metastasis. H19 RNA is a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of neoplasms. Moreover, there might be an association between H19 and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. We enrolled 32 acromegaly patients and 25 controls. We investigated whether whole blood H19 RNA expression is associated with the diagnosis of acromegaly. Correlations between H19 and tumour dimension, invasiveness, and biochemical and hormonal parameters were evaluated. We analysed the coincidence of acromegaly comorbidities with H19 RNA expression. In the results, we did not observe a statistically significant difference in H19 RNA expression between acromegaly patients and the controls. There were no correlations between H19 and the adenoma size and infiltration and patients' biochemical and hormonal statuses. In the acromegaly group, hypertension, goitre, and cholelithiasis were observed more frequently. The diagnosis of acromegaly was a factor contributing to the occurrence of dyslipidaemia, goitre, and cholelithiasis. We found an association between H19 and cholelithiasis in acromegaly patients. To conclude, H19 RNA expression is not a relevant marker for diagnosis and monitoring of acromegaly patients. There is a higher risk of hypertension, goitre, and cholelithiasis related to acromegaly. Cholelithiasis is associated with a higher H19 RNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Rolla
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Kolačkov
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zembska
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Bolanowski
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
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16
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Aprile M, Costa V, Cimmino A, Calin GA. Emerging role of oncogenic long noncoding RNA as cancer biomarkers. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:822-834. [PMID: 36082440 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The view of long noncoding RNAs as nonfunctional "garbage" has been definitely outdated by the large body of evidence indicating this class of ncRNAs as "golden junk", especially in precision oncology. Indeed, in light of their oncogenic role and the higher expression in multiple cancer types compared with paired adjacent tissues, the clinical interest for lncRNAs as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers has been rapidly increasing. The emergence of large-scale sequencing technologies, their subsequent diffusion even in small research and clinical centers, the technological advances for the detection of low-copy lncRNAs in body fluids, coupled to the huge reduction of operating costs, have nowadays made possible to rapidly and comprehensively profile them in multiple tumors and large cohorts. In this review, we first summarize some relevant data about the oncogenic role of well-studied lncRNAs having a clinical relevance. Then, we focus on the description of their potential use as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers, including an updated overview about licensed patents or clinical trials on lncRNAs in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Aprile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Costa
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Amelia Cimmino
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - George Adrian Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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17
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Wehida N, Abdel-Rehim W, El Mansy H, Karmouty A, Kamel MA. A Panel of Circulating Non-Coding RNAs in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Therapy in Egyptian Patients with Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020563. [PMID: 36831100 PMCID: PMC9953232 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have recently been identified to have a pivotal role in many diseases, including breast cancer (BC). This study aims to investigate the relative quantification of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19, microRNA (miR) 675-5p, 675-3p, and miR-let 7 in breast cancer patients. Methods: The study was performed on three groups: Group 1: 30 non-intervened BC female patients about to undergo breast surgery; group 2: 30 postoperative female BC patients about to receive adjuvant anthracycline chemotherapy; and group 3: 30 apparently healthy female volunteers as the control group. Plasma samples were drawn before and after the intervention in groups 1 and 2, with a single sample drawn from group 3. The relative quantification levels were compared with healthy control subjects and were related with the clinicopathological statuses of these patients. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in H19, miR-675-5p, miR-675-3p, and miR-let 7 in the non-intervened BC patients when compared to the control group. Surgery resulted in a significant reduction in all four ncRNAs under investigation. Chemotherapy brought about a significant increase in the level of miR-let 7, with no significant effect on the remaining parameters measured. The assay discriminated normal from BC where a receiver operating characteristic for the area under the curve (ROCAUC) of miR-675-3p showed the maximal AUC of 1.000. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were also 100% when CA 15-3 and H19 were combined. Conclusion: The results strongly indicate that the panel of ncRNAs in this study can all potentially act as novel biomarkers whether alone or combined in the diagnosis of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Wehida
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Kingston University London, Kingston-upon-Thames KT1 2EE, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-776-781-7825
| | - Wafaa Abdel-Rehim
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Hazem El Mansy
- Department of Cancer Management and Reseach, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Karmouty
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Maher A. Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
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18
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Pourramezan Z, Attar FA, Yusefpour M, Azizi M, Oloomi M. Circulating LncRNAs landscape as potential biomarkers in breast cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1722. [PMID: 36274054 PMCID: PMC9940007 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Iran, the delay in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer results in low survival rates. AIM It is essential to characterize new therapeutic targets and prognostic breast cancer biomarkers. The rising evidence suggested that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression levels are deregulated in human cancers and can use as biomarkers for the rapid diagnosis of breast cancer. METHODS In the present study, a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique was used to measure 20 oncogenic and tumor suppressor lncRNAs expression levels in whole blood samples of female breast cancer patients and healthy women. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to assess the diagnostic value of each selected lncRNA as a biomarker. RESULTS The results revealed that some circulating lncRNAs (MEG3, NBAT1, NKILA, GAS5, EPB41L4A-AS2, Z38, and BC040587) were significantly down-regulated in breast cancer patients compared to healthy women. In contrast, other circulating lncRNAs (H19, SPRY4-IT1, XIST, UCA1, AC026904.1, CCAT1, CCAT2, ITGB2-AS, and AK058003) were significantly up-regulated in breast cancer patients compared to controls. It was shown that the expression levels of NKILA, and NBAT1 lncRNAs were related to tumor size, and BC040587 expression level related to age, node metastasis, tumor size, and grade (p < .05). The association between H19 and SPRY4-IT1 lncRNAs with HER-2 was confirmed statistically (p < .05). ROC curves illustrated that the blood levels of SPRY4-IT1, XIST, and H19 lncRNAs have excellent potential in discriminating breast cancer from the healthy controls, showing an AUC of 1.0 (95% CI 1.0-1.0, p = .00), 0.898 (95% CI 0.815-0.981, p = .00), and 0.848 (95% CI 0.701-0.995, p = .01), respectively. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the expression levels of circulating H19 and SPRY4-IT1 lncRNAs in breast cancer patients could consider as the prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in breast cancer, because of their excellent power in discriminating breast cancer from healthy individuals and the significant correlation of H19, and SPRY4-IT1 lncRNAs with clinicopathological traits. We also suggest the possible application of BC040587 lncRNA as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator to assess tumor progression in case of verification in larger patients' cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maryam Yusefpour
- Department of Molecular BiologyPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Masoumeh Azizi
- Department of Molecular MedicineBiotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Mana Oloomi
- Department of Molecular BiologyPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
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19
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Zangouei AS, Zangoue M, Taghehchian N, Zangooie A, Rahimi HR, Saburi E, Alavi MS, Moghbeli M. Cell cycle related long non-coding RNAs as the critical regulators of breast cancer progression and metastasis. Biol Res 2023; 56:1. [PMID: 36597150 PMCID: PMC9808980 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-022-00411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle is one of the main cellular mechanisms involved in tumor progression. Almost all of the active molecular pathways in tumor cells directly or indirectly target the cell cycle progression. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the molecular mechanisms involved in cell cycle regulation in tumor cells. Since, early diagnosis has pivotal role in better cancer management and treatment, it is required to introduce the non-invasive diagnostic markers. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have higher stability in body fluids in comparison with mRNAs. Therefore, they can be used as efficient non-invasive markers for the early detection of breast cancer (BCa). In the present review we have summarized all of the reported lncRNAs involved in cell cycle regulation in BCa. It has been reported that lncRNAs mainly affect the cell cycle in G1/S transition through the CCND1/CDK4-6 complex. Present review paves the way of introducing the cell cycle related lncRNAs as efficient markers for the early detection of BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sadra Zangouei
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran ,grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Zangoue
- grid.411701.20000 0004 0417 4622Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran ,grid.411701.20000 0004 0417 4622Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Negin Taghehchian
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Zangooie
- grid.411701.20000 0004 0417 4622Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran ,grid.411701.20000 0004 0417 4622Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahya Sadat Alavi
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran ,grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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20
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Zhang X, Luo M, Zhang J, Guo B, Singh S, Lin X, Xiong H, Ju S, Wang L, Zhou Y, Zhou J. The role of lncRNA H19 in tumorigenesis and drug resistance of human Cancers. Front Genet 2022; 13:1005522. [PMID: 36246634 PMCID: PMC9555214 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1005522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic therapy is one of the most significant cancer treatments. However, drug resistance often appears and has become the primary cause of cancer therapy failure. Regulation of drug target, drug metabolism and drug efflux, cell death escape (apoptosis, autophagy, et al.), epigenetic changes, and many other variables are complicatedly involved in the mechanisms of drug resistance. In various types of cancers, long non-coding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19) has been shown to play critical roles in tumor development, proliferation, metastasis, and multiple drug resistance as well. The efficacy of chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and targeted therapy are all influenced by the expression of H19, especially in breast cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer and colorectal cancer. Here, we summarize the relationship between lncRNA H19 and tumorigenesis, and illustrate the drug resistance mechanisms caused by lncRNA H19 as well. This review may provide more therapeutic potential targets for future cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Sir Run Run Shaw Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingpeng Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahang Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Sir Run Run Shaw Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bize Guo
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shreya Singh
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xixi Lin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Sir Run Run Shaw Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanchu Xiong
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siwei Ju
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Sir Run Run Shaw Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Sir Run Run Shaw Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Linbo Wang, ; Yulu Zhou, ; Jichun Zhou,
| | - Yulu Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Sir Run Run Shaw Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Linbo Wang, ; Yulu Zhou, ; Jichun Zhou,
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Sir Run Run Shaw Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Linbo Wang, ; Yulu Zhou, ; Jichun Zhou,
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21
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Mathur R, Jha NK, Saini G, Jha SK, Shukla SP, Filipejová Z, Kesari KK, Iqbal D, Nand P, Upadhye VJ, Jha AK, Roychoudhury S, Slama P. Epigenetic factors in breast cancer therapy. Front Genet 2022; 13:886487. [PMID: 36212140 PMCID: PMC9539821 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.886487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are inherited differences in cellular phenotypes, such as cell gene expression alterations, that occur during somatic cell divisions (also, in rare circumstances, in germ line transmission), but no alterations to the DNA sequence are involved. Histone alterations, polycomb/trithorax associated proteins, short non-coding or short RNAs, long non—coding RNAs (lncRNAs), & DNA methylation are just a few biological processes involved in epigenetic events. These various modifications are intricately linked. The transcriptional potential of genes is closely conditioned by epigenetic control, which is crucial in normal growth and development. Epigenetic mechanisms transmit genomic adaptation to an environment, resulting in a specific phenotype. The purpose of this systematic review is to glance at the roles of Estrogen signalling, polycomb/trithorax associated proteins, DNA methylation in breast cancer progression, as well as epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer therapy, with an emphasis on functionality, regulatory factors, therapeutic value, and future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjhun Mathur
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Gaurav Saini
- Department of Civil Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Sheo Prasad Shukla
- Department of Civil Engineering, Rajkiya Engineering College, Banda, India
| | - Zita Filipejová
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | | | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parma Nand
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Vijay Jagdish Upadhye
- Center of Research for Development (CR4D), Parul Institute of Applied Sciences (PIAS), Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat
| | - Abhimanyu Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- *Correspondence: Abhimanyu Kumar Jha, ; Shubhadeep Roychoudhury,
| | - Shubhadeep Roychoudhury
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
- *Correspondence: Abhimanyu Kumar Jha, ; Shubhadeep Roychoudhury,
| | - Petr Slama
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology, and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
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22
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Li L, Huang Q, Yan F, Wei W, Li Z, Liu L, Deng J. Association between long non-coding RNA H19 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Women Health 2022; 62:565-575. [PMID: 35818166 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2022.2096748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Common genes mutation was demonstrated associating with the risk of breast cancer (BC) recently, while the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) polymorphism is still controversial. A meta-analysis was designed to discuss the association between lncRNA H19 polymorphisms and susceptibility to BC. The related databases were systematically reviewed up to April 13, 2021. Estimates were summarized as ORs and 95 percent CIs for each included study. The heterogeneity was assessed by the I2 test and subgroup analysis. Ten studies with 10354 BC patients and 11,177 control cases were included in our study. LncRNA H19 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2839698 C/T significantly increases the susceptibility of BC (OR = 1.717 , 95 percent CI = 1.052-2.803, P = 0.031). LncRNA H19 polymorphism rs3741219 and rs217727 also increase the risk of ER-positive BC (OR = 1.128 , 95 percent CI = 1.010-1.259, P = 0.0032 for rs3741219, and OR = 1.297, 95 percent CI = 1.027-1.639, P = 0.029 for rs217727). Our results demonstrated that lncRNA H19 SNP rs2839698 C/T was significantly associated with the susceptibility of BC. LncRNA H19 SNP rs217727 and rs3741219 were associated with the risks of ER-positive BC. However, further studies are needed to reach a robust conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Oncology Department, The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei province, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Oncology Department, The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China
| | - Wujie Wei
- Oncology Department, The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China
| | - Zihui Li
- Oncology Department, The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China
| | - Li Liu
- Oncology Department, The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Oncology Department, The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China
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23
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Predictive Potentials of ZEB1-AS1 in Colorectal Cancer Prognosis and Their Correlation with Immunotherapy. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1084555. [PMID: 35794981 PMCID: PMC9252708 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1084555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background CRC is the third most common cancer globally. The tumor immune microenvironment is closely associated with the overexpressed lncRNA ZEB1-AS1. However, in individuals with CRC, the ZEB1-AS1 gene's ability to predict immune response is a mystery. Materials and Methods The ZEB1-AS1 gene's prognostic potential was thoroughly investigated. We analyzed and included into the TCGA database all ZEB1-AS1 and ZEB1-AS1-related genes using LASSO-Cox regression. Researchers examined the link among ZEB1-AS1 and the tumor immune microenvironment, immune checkpoint, and tumor mutation burden (TMB) in CRC through the TCGA database. Using a predictive model, researchers were able to determine the link between ZEB1-AS1 and NUDT3 and CRC prognosis. Result According to our findings, individuals with reduced ZEB1-AS1 expression had a better prognosis in CRC. Based on the expression of two genes in the TCGA database, patients were divided into two cohorts. The B lymphocytes and macrophages are less likely to be recruited by tissues with a low-risk score. TMB and immunological checkpoints were shown to have a connection. Based on these genes, a predictive nomogram was built and confirmed, with a C-index of 0.78. Conclusion Prognostic models based on ZEB1-AS1 and ZEB1-AS1-related genes are more accurate for CRC patients when it comes to the prognosis and immune checkpoint responsiveness.
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24
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Lázari LC, Wolf IR, Schnepper AP, Valente GT. LncRNAs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae bypass the cell cycle arrest imposed by ethanol stress. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010081. [PMID: 35587936 PMCID: PMC9232138 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol alters many subsystems of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, including the cell cycle. Two ethanol-responsive lncRNAs in yeast interact with cell cycle proteins, and here, we investigated the role of these RNAs in cell cycle. Our network dynamic modeling showed that higher and lower ethanol-tolerant strains undergo cell cycle arrest in mitosis and G1 phases, respectively, during ethanol stress. The higher population rebound of the lower ethanol-tolerant phenotype after stress relief responds to the late phase arrest. We found that the lncRNA lnc9136 of SEY6210 (a lower ethanol-tolerant strain) induces cells to skip mitosis arrest. Simulating an overexpression of lnc9136 and analyzing CRISPR–Cas9 mutants lacking this lncRNA suggest that lnc9136 induces a regular cell cycle even under ethanol stress, indirectly regulating Swe1p and Clb1/2 by binding to Gin4p and Hsl1p. Notably, lnc10883 of BY4742 (a higher ethanol-tolerant strain) does not prevent G1 arrest in this strain under ethanol stress. However, lnc19883 circumvents DNA and spindle damage checkpoints, maintaining a functional cell cycle by interacting with Mec1p or Bub1p even in the presence of DNA/spindle damage. Overall, we present the first evidence of direct roles for lncRNAs in regulating yeast cell cycle proteins, the dynamics of this system in different ethanol-tolerant phenotypes, and a new yeast cell cycle model. Ethanol is a cell stressor in yeast that dampen ethanol production. LncRNAs are RNAs that control many cellular processes. Computational simulations allow us to study the dynamism of cell systems. Therefore, we built a computational model of the yeast cell cycle to investigate how cells respond to ethanol stress. Simulations showed that ethanol stress or spindle damage arrests the cell cycle. Furthermore, the performance of higher and lower ethanol-tolerant strains in poststress recovery growth seems to be related to the cell cycle phase in which cells are stalled. However, two lncRNAs maintain the activity of the cell cycle even in yeast cells under these stresses by repressing specific cell cycle proteins. Finally, this model facilitates analyses of the yeast cell cycle for applied or basic science purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Cardoso Lázari
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sāo Paulo University (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Ivan Rodrigo Wolf
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Bioscience at Botucatu, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Amanda Piveta Schnepper
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Targino Valente
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- * E-mail: ,
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25
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Nukala SB, Jousma J, Cho Y, Lee WH, Ong SG. Long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs as crucial regulators in cardio-oncology. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:24. [PMID: 35246252 PMCID: PMC8895873 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00757-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Significant improvements in the modern era of anticancer therapeutic strategies have increased the survival rate of cancer patients. Unfortunately, cancer survivors have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, which is believed to result from anticancer therapies. The emergence of cardiovascular diseases among cancer survivors has served as the basis for establishing a novel field termed cardio-oncology. Cardio-oncology primarily focuses on investigating the underlying molecular mechanisms by which anticancer treatments lead to cardiovascular dysfunction and the development of novel cardioprotective strategies to counteract cardiotoxic effects of cancer therapies. Advances in genome biology have revealed that most of the genome is transcribed into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are recognized as being instrumental in cancer, cardiovascular health, and disease. Emerging studies have demonstrated that alterations of these ncRNAs have pathophysiological roles in multiple diseases in humans. As it relates to cardio-oncology, though, there is limited knowledge of the role of ncRNAs. In the present review, we summarize the up-to-date knowledge regarding the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicities. Moreover, we also discuss prospective therapeutic strategies and the translational relevance of these ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarath Babu Nukala
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jordan Jousma
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yoonje Cho
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Won Hee Lee
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, ABC-1 Building, 425 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
| | - Sang-Ging Ong
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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26
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Zhu YS, Zhu J. Molecular and cellular functions of long non-coding RNAs in prostate and breast cancer. Adv Clin Chem 2022; 106:91-179. [PMID: 35152976 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as noncoding RNA transcripts with a length greater than 200 nucleotides. Research over the last decade has made great strides in our understanding of lncRNAs, especially in the biology of their role in cancer. In this article, we will briefly discuss the biogenesis and characteristics of lncRNAs, then review their molecular and cellular functions in cancer by using prostate and breast cancer as examples. LncRNAs are abundant, diverse, and evolutionarily, less conserved than protein-coding genes. They are often expressed in a tumor and cell-specific manner. As a key epigenetic factor, lncRNAs can use a wide variety of molecular mechanisms to regulate gene expression at each step of the genetic information flow pathway. LncRNAs display widespread effects on cell behavior, tumor growth, and metastasis. They act intracellularly and extracellularly in an autocrine, paracrine and endocrine fashion. Increased understanding of lncRNA's role in cancer has facilitated the development of novel biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, led to greater understanding of cancer prognosis, enabled better prediction of therapeutic responses, and promoted identification of potential targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Shan Zhu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Clinical and Translational Science Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Jifeng Zhu
- Clinical and Translational Science Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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27
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Sun H, Wang G, Cai J, Wei X, Zeng Y, Peng Y, Zhuang J. Long non-coding RNA H19 mediates N-acetyltransferase 1 gene methylation in the development of tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:12. [PMID: 34815764 PMCID: PMC8593873 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 is associated with proliferation, invasion and metastasis in numerous types of cancer. H19 lncRNA has been demonstrated to be an estrogen-inducible gene, the expression of which is significantly increased in tamoxifen (TAM)-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of lncRNA H19 in the development of TAM resistance. TAM-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7R) cells were developed by the treatment of wild-type MCF-7 cells with 4-hydroxytamoxifen. Analysis of H19 expression in the cells indicated that upregulation of H19 contributed to the resistance of the MCF-7R cell line. Furthermore, when H19 was knocked down in the MCF-7R cells, the sensitivity to 4-hydroxytamoxifen was markedly restored. The results further demonstrated that N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) may serve an important role in TAM-resistant cells, as NAT1 expression was notably downregulated in the MCF-7R cells but significantly elevated following the knockdown of H19. In addition, lower expression of NAT1 and higher expression of H19 were indicated to be associated with poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer treated with TAM. The results of bisulfite genomic sequencing PCR analysis indicated that the methylation rate of NAT1 in MCF-7R cells was significantly higher compared with that in MCF-7 cells, while the methylation rate of NAT1 in TAM-resistant cells transfected with small interfering RNA against H19 was significantly lower than that in the corresponding untransfected cells. Therefore, the present study suggests that the H19 gene regulates NAT1 expression in TAM-resistant cells via the mediation of NAT1 promoter methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqin Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
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28
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The long noncoding RNA H19 regulates tumor plasticity in neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7349. [PMID: 34934057 PMCID: PMC8692330 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26901-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine (NE) prostate cancer (NEPC) is a lethal subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa) arising either de novo or from transdifferentiated prostate adenocarcinoma following androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Extensive computational analysis has identified a high degree of association between the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 and NEPC, with the longest isoform highly expressed in NEPC. H19 regulates PCa lineage plasticity by driving a bidirectional cell identity of NE phenotype (H19 overexpression) or luminal phenotype (H19 knockdown). It contributes to treatment resistance, with the knockdown of H19 re-sensitizing PCa to ADT. It is also essential for the proliferation and invasion of NEPC. H19 levels are negatively regulated by androgen signaling via androgen receptor (AR). When androgen is absent SOX2 levels increase, driving H19 transcription and facilitating transdifferentiation. H19 facilitates the PRC2 complex in regulating methylation changes at H3K27me3/H3K4me3 histone sites of AR-driven and NEPC-related genes. Additionally, this lncRNA induces alterations in genome-wide DNA methylation on CpG sites, further regulating genes associated with the NEPC phenotype. Our clinical data identify H19 as a candidate diagnostic marker and predictive marker of NEPC with elevated H19 levels associated with an increased probability of biochemical recurrence and metastatic disease in patients receiving ADT. Here we report H19 as an early upstream regulator of cell fate, plasticity, and treatment resistance in NEPC that can reverse/transform cells to a treatable form of PCa once therapeutically deactivated. Elevated expression of long noncoding RNA H19 is seen in clinical samples of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (PCa). Here the authors show H19 promotes plasticity from luminal to neuroendocrine by epigenetic reprogramming.
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29
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Wu B, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Zhong C, Lang Q, Liang Z, Lv C, Xu F, Tian Y. Long Noncoding RNA H19: A Novel Therapeutic Target Emerging in Oncology Via Regulating Oncogenic Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:796740. [PMID: 34977037 PMCID: PMC8716783 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.796740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA H19 (H19) is an imprinting gene with only maternal expression that is involved in regulating different processes in various types of cells. Previous studies have shown that abnormal H19 expression is involved in many pathological processes, such as cancer, mainly through sponging miRNAs, interacting with proteins, or regulating epigenetic modifications. Accumulating evidence has shown that several oncogenic signaling pathways lead to carcinogenesis. Recently, the regulatory relationship between H19 and oncogenic signaling pathways in various types of cancer has been of great interest to many researchers. In this review, we discussed the key roles of H19 in cancer development and progression via its regulatory function in several oncogenic signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, canonical Wnt/β-catenin, canonical NF-κB, MAPK, JAK/STAT and apoptosis. These oncogenic signaling pathways regulated by H19 are involved in cell proliferation, proliferation, migration and invasion, angiogenesis, and apoptosis of various cancer cells. This review suggests that H19 may be a novel therapeutic target for cancers treatment by regulating oncogenic signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baokang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yizhou Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Surgery, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Chongli Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Lang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyun Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chao Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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30
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Lin X, Han T, Xia Q, Cui J, Zhuo M, Liang Y, Su W, Wang L, Wang L, Liu Z, Xiao X. CHPF promotes gastric cancer tumorigenesis through the activation of E2F1. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:876. [PMID: 34564711 PMCID: PMC8464597 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04148-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) is an important glycosyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate. However, the relationship between CHPF and gastric cancer has not been fully investigated. CHPF expression in gastric cancer tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry and correlated with gastric cancer patient prognosis. Cultured gastric cancer cells and human gastric epithelial cell line GES1 were used to investigate the effects of shCHPF and shE2F1 on the development and progression of gastric cancer by MTT, western blotting, flow cytometry analysis of cell apoptosis, colony formation, transwell and gastric cancer xenograft mouse models, in vitro and in vivo. In gastric cancer tissues, CHPF was found to be significantly upregulated, and its expression correlated with tumor infiltration and advanced tumor stage and shorter patient survival in gastric cancer. CHPF may promote gastric cancer development by regulating cell proliferation, colony formation, cell apoptosis and cell migration, while knockdown induced the opposite effects. Moreover, the results from in vivo experiments demonstrated that tumor growth was suppressed by CHPF knockdown. Additionally, E2F1 was identified as a potential downstream target of CHPF in the regulation of gastric cancer, and its knockdown decreased the CHPF-induced promotion of gastric cancer. Mechanistic study revealed that CHPF may regulate E2F1 through affecting UBE2T-mediated E2F1 ubiquitination. This study showed, for the first time, that CHPF is a potential prognostic indicator and tumor promoter in gastric cancer whose function is likely carried out through the regulation of E2F1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Lin
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jiujie Cui
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Meng Zhuo
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yiyi Liang
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wenyu Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lisha Wang
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Liwei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Zebing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Xiuying Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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31
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Li S, Yang X, Li W, Chen Z. Comprehensive Analysis of E2F Family Members in Human Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:625257. [PMID: 34532281 PMCID: PMC8438234 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.625257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most common cancer and the third most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in China. E2Fs are a family of transcription factors reported to be involved in the tumor progression of various cancer types; however, the roles of individual E2Fs are still not known exactly in tumor progression of GC. In this study, we examined the expression of E2Fs to investigate their roles in tumor progression in GC patients using multiple databases, including ONCOMINE, GEPIA2, Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBioPortal, Metascape, LinkedOmics, GeneMANIA, STRING and UCSC Xena. We also performed real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to validate the expression levels of individual E2Fs in several GC cell lines. Our results demonstrated that the mRNA levels of E2F1/2/3/5/8 were significantly higher both in GC tissues and cell lines. The expression levels of E2F1 and E2F4 were correlated with poor overall survival (OS), decreased post-progression survival (PPS), and decreased progression-free survival (FP) in patients with GC. However, overexpression of E2F2, E2F5, E2F7 and E2F8 is significantly associated with disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with GC. In addition, higher E2F3 and E2F6 mRNA expression was found to increase GC patients' OS and PPS. 224 of 415 patients with STAD (54%) had gene mutations that were associated with longer disease-free survival (DFS) but not OS. Cell cycle pathway was closely associated with mRNA level of more than half of E2Fs (E2F1/2/3/7/8). There were close and complicated interactions among E2F family members. Finally, our results indicated the gene expressions of E2Fs had a positive relationship with its copy numbers. Taken together, E2F1/2/3/5/8 can serve as biomarkers for GC patients with high prognostic value for OS of GC patients or therapeutic targets for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbo Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenqing Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenbing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Lu C, Wei D, Zhang Y, Wang P, Zhang W. Long Non-Coding RNAs as Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Breast Cancer: Progress and Prospects. Front Oncol 2021; 11:710538. [PMID: 34527584 PMCID: PMC8436618 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.710538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, excluding non-melanoma skin cancer. It is now well understood that breast cancer is a heterogeneous entity that exhibits distinctive histological and biological features, treatment responses and prognostic patterns. Therefore, the identification of novel ideal diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is of utmost importance. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly defined as transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that lack coding potential. Extensive research has shown that lncRNAs are involved in multiple human cancers, including breast cancer. LncRNAs with dysregulated expression can act as oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes to regulate malignant transformation processes, such as proliferation, invasion, migration and drug resistance. Intriguingly, the expression profiles of lncRNAs tend to be highly cell-type-specific, tissue-specific, disease-specific or developmental stage-specific, which makes them suitable biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Duncan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Apoptosis Deregulation and the Development of Cancer Multi-Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174363. [PMID: 34503172 PMCID: PMC8430856 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite recent therapeutic advances against cancer, many patients do not respond well or respond poorly, to treatment and develop resistance to more than one anti-cancer drug, a term called multi-drug resistance (MDR). One of the main factors that contribute to MDR is the deregulation of apoptosis or programmed cell death. Herein, we describe the major apoptotic pathways and discuss how pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins are modified in cancer cells to convey drug resistance. We also focus on our current understanding related to the interactions between survival and cell death pathways, as well as on mechanisms underlying the balance shift towards cancer cell growth and drug resistance. Moreover, we highlight the role of the tumor microenvironment components in blocking apoptosis in MDR tumors, and we discuss the significance and potential exploitation of epigenetic modifications for cancer treatment. Finally, we summarize the current and future therapeutic approaches for overcoming MDR. Abstract The ability of tumor cells to evade apoptosis is established as one of the hallmarks of cancer. The deregulation of apoptotic pathways conveys a survival advantage enabling cancer cells to develop multi-drug resistance (MDR), a complex tumor phenotype referring to concurrent resistance toward agents with different function and/or structure. Proteins implicated in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, including the Bcl-2 superfamily and Inhibitors of Apoptosis (IAP) family members, as well as their regulator, tumor suppressor p53, have been implicated in the development of MDR in many cancer types. The PI3K/AKT pathway is pivotal in promoting survival and proliferation and is often overactive in MDR tumors. In addition, the tumor microenvironment, particularly factors secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts, can inhibit apoptosis in cancer cells and reduce the effectiveness of different anti-cancer drugs. In this review, we describe the main alterations that occur in apoptosis-and related pathways to promote MDR. We also summarize the main therapeutic approaches against resistant tumors, including agents targeting Bcl-2 family members, small molecule inhibitors against IAPs or AKT and agents of natural origin that may be used as monotherapy or in combination with conventional therapeutics. Finally, we highlight the potential of therapeutic exploitation of epigenetic modifications to reverse the MDR phenotype.
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Ahmadi SE, Rahimi S, Zarandi B, Chegeni R, Safa M. MYC: a multipurpose oncogene with prognostic and therapeutic implications in blood malignancies. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:121. [PMID: 34372899 PMCID: PMC8351444 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MYC oncogene is a transcription factor with a wide array of functions affecting cellular activities such as cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA damage response, and hematopoiesis. Due to the multi-functionality of MYC, its expression is regulated at multiple levels. Deregulation of this oncogene can give rise to a variety of cancers. In this review, MYC regulation and the mechanisms by which MYC adjusts cellular functions and its implication in hematologic malignancies are summarized. Further, we also discuss potential inhibitors of MYC that could be beneficial for treating hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Esmaeil Ahmadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Rahimi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Zarandi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouzbeh Chegeni
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Program, College of Health and Human Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA.
| | - Majid Safa
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Li Q, Mo W, Ding Y, Ding X. Study of lncRNA TPA in Promoting Invasion and Metastasis of Breast Cancer Mediated by TGF-β Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:688751. [PMID: 34422811 PMCID: PMC8378314 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.688751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was to investigate the effects of lncRNA TPA overexpression and knockdown in stable transfected cell lines on the EMT, migration and invasion capabilities of breast cancer cells. METHODS WB and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression of E-cadherin, Vimentin, fibronectin and N-cadherin, the key molecules of EMT, to determine whether lncRNA regulates EMT; scratch, migration and invasion assay were used to detected the effect of lncRNA TPA on the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. The effect of lncRNA TPA on breast cancer metastasis was observed in nude mice model. Pierce Magnetic RNA-Protein Pull-Down Kit was used to bind the 3'-terminal desulfurized biotin-labeled lncRNA TPA with Magnetic beads, and then incubated with the proteins extracted from cell line C and D, respectively. After elution of the binding proteins, the interacting proteins were further identified by mass spectrometry to screen out the interacting proteins. The candidate proteins were expressed and purified in vitro, and the interaction between lncRNA-candidate proteins were verified by RNA-EMSA. RESULTS Overexpression of lncRNA TPA decreased the expression of E-cadherin, and significantly increased the expression of Vimentin, fibronectin and TGF-β1 (p < 0.01), and increased the migration rate, migration ability and invasion ability of cell group (P < 0.01). Multiple lung metastases were observed in the lung tissue of nude mice with overexpression of lncRNA TPA. CONCLUSION LncRNA TPA affects the occurrence of breast cancer EMT through TGF-β signaling pathway, and then promotes the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. LncRNA TPA may affect the corresponding signaling pathways through one or more interacting proteins, and ultimately promote the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaowen Ding
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Wang C, Deng J, Deng H, Kang Z, Huang Z, Ding Z, Dong L, Chen J, Zhang J, Zang Y. A Novel Sox9/lncRNA H19 Axis Contributes to Hepatocyte Death and Liver Fibrosis. Toxicol Sci 2021; 177:214-225. [PMID: 32579217 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sox9 has been previously characterized as a transcription factor responsible for the extracellular matrix production during liver fibrosis. However, the deregulation and functional role of hepatocyte Sox9 in the progression of liver fibrosis remains elusive. Here, we found a significant increase of Sox9 in the hepatocytes isolated from CCl4-induced fibrotic liver and showed that antisense oligoribonucleotides depletion of Sox9 was sufficient to attenuate CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Notably, the increase of Sox9 in hepatocyte was associated with the upregulation of long noncoding RNA H19 in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Mechanistic studies revealed that Sox9 induced H19 by binding to a conserved promoter region of H19. In vitro, hepatocyte injury triggered the increase of Sox9/H19 axis, whereas silence of H19 greatly alleviated the H2O2-induced hepatocyte apoptosis, suggesting that H19 functions as a downstream effector of Sox9 signaling and is involved in hepatocyte apoptosis. In animal experiments, inhibition of H19 alleviated the activation of hepatic stellate cells and reduced the extent of liver fibrosis, whereas ectopic expression of H19 abolished the inhibitory effects of Sox9 depletion on liver fibrosis, suggesting that the profibrotic effect of hepatocyte Sox9 depends on H19. Finally, we investigated the clinical relevance of Sox9/H19 axis to liver fibrosis and identified the increase of Sox9/H19 axis in liver cirrhosis patients. In conclusion, our findings link Sox9/H19 axis to the intrinsic mechanisms of hepatocyte apoptosis and may represent a hitherto unknown paradigm in hepatocyte injury associated with the progression of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University
| | - Jia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University
| | - Hao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University
| | - Zhiqian Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University
| | - Zhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University
| | - Zhi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University
| | - Jiangning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University
| | - Yuhui Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University
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Bikle DD. Vitamin D regulation of and by long non coding RNAs. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 532:111317. [PMID: 34015414 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Two percent or less of the genome is used to transcribe mRNAs encoding proteins. Nearly all the remainder is utilized in transcribing non coding RNAs, the bulk of which are RNAs at least 200 base in length, long non coding RNAs (lncRNA). Their number is estimated to be about 28,000, but only a small fraction of lncRNAs are well characterized. That said lncRNAs have been found to regulate a very diverse array of biochemical and genomic functions. One of the transcription factors found to be regulated by and to regulate lncRNA is the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Like lncRNAs VDR is involved in the regulation of numerous biochemical and genomic processes, so it is not surprising that there would be a number of interactions between lncRNAs and VDR in their diverse functions. However, the study of these interactions is in its infancy. To date most attention has been paid to their interactions in cancer. Our own studies have focused on non melanoma skin cancers, keratinocyte carcinomas to be precise. Deletion of VDR from keratinocytes predisposes them to malignant transformation. Among a number of potential mechanisms we found that VDR deletion from these cells alters the lncRNA profile to a more oncogenic configuration, increasing the expression of well known oncogenic lncRNAs and decreasing the expression of well known tumor suppressor lncRNAs. Subsequent studies in other cancers have found similar associations between VDR and oncogenic lncRNAs with evidence of tumor specificity. To date these studies primarily reveal associations rather than causality, but causal links should be expected as research in this field continues to develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Bikle
- University of California, San Francisco, 1700, Owens St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA; San Francisco VA Medical Center, 1700, Owens St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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Thakur KK, Kumar A, Banik K, Verma E, Khatoon E, Harsha C, Sethi G, Gupta SC, Kunnumakkara AB. Long noncoding RNAs in triple-negative breast cancer: A new frontier in the regulation of tumorigenesis. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7938-7965. [PMID: 34105151 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has emerged as the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and is usually associated with increased mortality worldwide. The severity of TNBC is primarily observed in younger women, with cases ranging from approximately 12%-24% of all breast cancer cases. The existing hormonal therapies offer limited clinical solutions in completely circumventing the TNBC, with chemoresistance and tumor recurrences being the common hurdles in the path of TNBC treatment. Accumulating evidence has correlated the dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with increased cell proliferation, invasion, migration, tumor growth, chemoresistance, and decreased apoptosis in TNBC. Various clinical studies have revealed that aberrant expression of lncRNAs in TNBC tissues is associated with poor prognosis, lower overall survival, and disease-free survival. Due to these specific characteristics, lncRNAs have emerged as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for TNBC treatment. However, the underlying mechanism through which lncRNAs perform their actions remains unclear, and extensive research is being carried out to reveal it. Therefore, understanding of mechanisms regulating the modulation of lncRNAs will be a substantial breakthrough in effective treatment therapies for TNBC. This review highlights the association of several lncRNAs in TNBC progression and treatment, along with their possible functions and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan K Thakur
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Elika Verma
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Elina Khatoon
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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De Martino M, Esposito F, Pallante P. Long non-coding RNAs regulating multiple proliferative pathways in cancer cell. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:3140-3157. [PMID: 35116622 PMCID: PMC8797882 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) belong to an extremely heterogeneous class of non-coding RNAs with a length ranging from 200 to 100,000 bp. They modulate a series of cellular pathways in both physiological and pathological context. It is no coincidence that they are expressed in an aberrant way in pathologies such as cancer, so as to deserve to be subclassified as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. These molecules are also involved in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation. Several lncRNAs are able to modulate cell growth both positively and negatively, and in this review we have focused on a small group of them, characterized by the simultaneous action on different pathways regulating cell proliferation. They have been considered in the light of their behavior in three different subtypes of proliferative pathways that we can define as (I) tumor suppressor, (II) oncogenic and (III) transcriptionally-driven. More specifically, we have characterized some lncRNAs considered oncogenes (such as H19, linc-ROR, MALAT1, HULC, HOTAIR and ANRIL), tumor suppressors (such as MEG3 and lincRNA-p21), and both oncogenes/tumor suppressors (UCA1 and TUG1) in a little more detail. As can be understood from the review, the interactions between lncRNAs and their molecular targets, only in the context of controlling cell proliferation, give rise to an intricate molecular network, the understanding of which, in the future, will certainly be of help for the treatment of molecular diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco De Martino
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS) "G. Salvatore", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Esposito
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS) "G. Salvatore", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Pierlorenzo Pallante
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS) "G. Salvatore", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
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Wang Y, Zhou P, Li P, Yang F, Gao XQ. Long non-coding RNA H19 regulates proliferation and doxorubicin resistance in MCF-7 cells by targeting PARP1. Bioengineered 2021; 11:536-546. [PMID: 32345117 PMCID: PMC8291873 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1761512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a major obstacle to effective breast cancer chemotherapy. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The long noncoding RNA H19 (H19) is involved in various stages of tumorigenesis, however, its role in doxorubicin resistance remains unknown. The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of H19 in the development of doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyzed H19 expression in chemotherapy-resistant and sensitive breast cancer tissues. Both knockdown and overexpression of H19 were used to assess the sensitivity to doxorubicin in breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to explore the doxorubicin resistance mechanism of H19. We observed that the H19 expression was significantly upregulated in chemotherapy-resistant breast cancer tissues and doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cell lines. Knockdown of H19 enhanced the sensitivity to doxorubicin both in vitro and in vivo. While H19 overexpression developed doxorubicin-resistant in breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it was revealed that H19 negatively regulated PARP1 expression in breast cancer cells following doxorubicin treatment. Knockdown of H19 sensitized breast cancer cells to doxorubicin by promoting PARP1 upregulation. H19 overexpression could recapitulate doxorubicin resistance by PARP1 downregulation. Our findings revealed that H19 plays a leading role in breast cancer chemoresistance development, mediated mainly through a H19-PARP1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Peihong Zhou
- Department of Operation Room, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fengxia Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Baruch E, Nizri-Megnaji T, Berkowitz O, Ginsberg D. A novel E2F1-regulated lncRNA, LAPAS1, is required for S phase progression and cell proliferation. Oncotarget 2021; 12:1072-1082. [PMID: 34084281 PMCID: PMC8169067 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor E2F1 induces both proliferation and apoptosis and is a critical downstream target of the tumor suppressor RB. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are major regulators of many cellular processes, including cell cycle progression and cell proliferation. However, the mode of action as well as the transcriptional regulation of most lncRNAs are only beginning to be understood. Here, we report that a novel human lncRNA, LAPAS1, is an E2F1- regulated lncRNA that affects S phase progression. Inhibition of LAPAS1 expression increases percentage of S phase cells, and its silencing in synchronized cells delays their progression through S phase. In agreement with its suggested role in cell cycle progression, prolonged inhibition of LAPAS1 attenuates proliferation of human cancer cells. Our data demonstrate that LAPAS1 predominantly functions in trans to repress expression of Sphingolipid Transporter 2 (SPNS2). Importantly, knockdown of SPNS2 rescues the effect of LAPAS1 silencing on cell cycle and cell proliferation. Notably, low levels of LAPAS1 are associated with increased survival of kidney cancer patients. Summarily, we identify LAPAS1 as a novel E2F-regulated lncRNA that has a potential role in human cancer and regulates cell-cycle progression and cell proliferation, at least in part, via regulation of SPNS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Baruch
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tali Nizri-Megnaji
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Oron Berkowitz
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Doron Ginsberg
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Nersisyan S, Galatenko A, Galatenko V, Shkurnikov M, Tonevitsky A. miRGTF-net: Integrative miRNA-gene-TF network analysis reveals key drivers of breast cancer recurrence. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249424. [PMID: 33852600 PMCID: PMC8046230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of regulatory networks is a powerful framework for identification and quantification of intracellular interactions. We introduce miRGTF-net, a novel tool for construction of miRNA-gene-TF networks. We consider multiple transcriptional and post-transcriptional interaction types, including regulation of gene and miRNA expression by transcription factors, gene silencing by miRNAs, and co-expression of host genes with their intronic miRNAs. The underlying algorithm uses information on experimentally validated interactions as well as integrative miRNA/mRNA expression profiles in a given set of samples. The latter ensures simultaneous tissue-specificity and biological validity of interactions. We applied miRGTF-net to paired miRNA/mRNA-sequencing data of breast cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Together with topological analysis of the constructed network we showed that considered players can form reliable prognostic gene signatures for ER-positive breast cancer. A number of signatures demonstrated remarkably high accuracy on transcriptomic data obtained by both microarrays and RNA sequencing from several independent patient cohorts. Furthermore, an essential part of prognostic genes were identified as direct targets of transcription factor E2F1. The putative interplay between estrogen receptor alpha and E2F1 was suggested as a potential recurrence factor in patients treated with tamoxifen. Source codes of miRGTF-net are available at GitHub (https://github.com/s-a-nersisyan/miRGTF-net).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Nersisyan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Alexei Galatenko
- Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Galatenko
- Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Shkurnikov
- P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center, Branch of National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Yang Z, Zhang T, Han S, Kusumanchi P, Huda N, Jiang Y, Liangpunsakul S. Long noncoding RNA H19 - a new player in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Transl Res 2021; 230:139-150. [PMID: 33227504 PMCID: PMC9330166 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The liver is a vital organ that controls glucose and lipid metabolism, hormone regulation, and bile secretion. Liver injury can occur from various insults such as viruses, metabolic diseases, and alcohol, which lead to acute and chronic liver diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated the implications of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. These newly discovered lncRNAs have various functions attributing to many cellular biological processes via distinct and diverse mechanisms. LncRNA H19, one of the first lncRNAs being identified, is highly expressed in fetal liver but not in adult normal liver. Its expression, however, is increased in liver diseases with various etiologies. In this review, we focused on the roles of H19 in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. This comprehensive review is aimed to provide useful perspectives and translational applications of H19 as a potential therapeutic target of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sen Han
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Praveen Kusumanchi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Nazmul Huda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Yanchao Jiang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Breast Cancer and the Other Non-Coding RNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063280. [PMID: 33807045 PMCID: PMC8005115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is very heterogenous and the most common gynaecological cancer, with various factors affecting its development. While its impact on human lives and national health budgets is still rising in almost all global areas, many molecular mechanisms affecting its onset and development remain unclear. Conventional treatments still prove inadequate in some aspects, and appropriate molecular therapeutic targets are required for improved outcomes. Recent scientific interest has therefore focused on the non-coding RNAs roles in tumour development and their potential as therapeutic targets. These RNAs comprise the majority of the human transcript and their broad action mechanisms range from gene silencing to chromatin remodelling. Many non-coding RNAs also have altered expression in breast cancer cell lines and tissues, and this is often connected with increased proliferation, a degraded extracellular environment, and higher endothelial to mesenchymal transition. Herein, we summarise the known abnormalities in the function and expression of long non-coding RNAs, Piwi interacting RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs and small nuclear RNAs in breast cancer, and how these abnormalities affect the development of this deadly disease. Finally, the use of RNA interference to suppress breast cancer growth is summarised.
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Guiducci G, Stojic L. Long Noncoding RNAs at the Crossroads of Cell Cycle and Genome Integrity. Trends Genet 2021; 37:528-546. [PMID: 33685661 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cell cycle is controlled by guardian proteins that coordinate the process of cell growth and cell division. Alterations in these processes lead to genome instability, which has a causal link to many human diseases. Beyond their well-characterized role of influencing protein-coding genes, an increasing body of evidence has revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) actively participate in regulation of the cell cycle and safeguarding of genome integrity. LncRNAs are versatile molecules that act via a wide array of mechanisms. In this review, we discuss how lncRNAs are implicated in control of the cell cycle and maintenance of genome stability and how changes in lncRNA-regulatory networks lead to proliferative diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guiducci
- Barts Cancer Institute, Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Lovorka Stojic
- Barts Cancer Institute, Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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Karakas D, Ozpolat B. The Role of LncRNAs in Translation. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:16. [PMID: 33672592 PMCID: PMC8005997 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a group of non-protein coding RNAs with lengths of more than 200 nucleotides, exert their effects by binding to DNA, mRNA, microRNA, and proteins and regulate gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels. Depending on cellular location, lncRNAs are involved in a wide range of cellular functions, including chromatin modification, transcriptional activation, transcriptional interference, scaffolding and regulation of translational machinery. This review highlights recent studies on lncRNAs in the regulation of protein translation by modulating the translational factors (i.e, eIF4E, eIF4G, eIF4A, 4E-BP1, eEF5A) and signaling pathways involved in this process as wells as their potential roles as tumor suppressors or tumor promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Karakas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey;
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Angiogenesis regulation by microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in human breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 219:153326. [PMID: 33601152 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are capable of regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. Since the past decade, a number of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies reported the roles of these non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in regulating angiogenesis, an important cancer hallmark that is associated with metastases and poor prognosis. The specific roles of various miRNAs and lncRNAs in regulating angiogenesis in breast cancer, with particular focus on the downstream targets and signalling pathways regulated by these ncRNAs will be discussed in this review. In light of the recent trend in exploiting ncRNAs as cancer therapeutics, the potential use of miRNAs and lncRNAs as biomarkers and novel therapeutic agent against angiogenesis was also discussed.
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Bhardwaj V, Tan YQ, Wu MM, Ma L, Zhu T, Lobie PE, Pandey V. Long non-coding RNAs in recurrent ovarian cancer: Theranostic perspectives. Cancer Lett 2021; 502:97-107. [PMID: 33429007 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Nearly 70% of ovarian cancer (OC) patients experience recurrence within the first 2 years after initial treatment. Emerging evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of OC progression, resistance to therapy and recurrent OC (ROC). Transcriptome profiling studies have reported differential expression patterns of lncRNAs in OC which are related to increased cell invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. In this review, we highlighted the roles of lncRNAs in OC progression and outlined the potential molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs impact on ROC. Recent advances using lncRNAs as potential biomarkers for screening, detection, prediction, response to therapy and as therapeutic targets are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Bhardwaj
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Yan Qin Tan
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Ming Ming Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, PR China; The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Lan Ma
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, PR China; The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Vijay Pandey
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
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Tan B, Li F, Chen Z, Li Y. Research Progress and Application Prospects of Long Noncoding RNAs in Gastric Neoplasms. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211004940. [PMID: 33769145 PMCID: PMC8010804 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211004940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are noncoding RNAs longer than 200 nt that have almost no function for encoding proteins. As an important regulatory molecule of the human genome, lncRNAs play a regulatory role in the human body. LncRNAs have a variety of functions, such as signaling, guiding, baiting or scaffolding of functional proteins, and are closely related to tumor development. Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. It has a high incidence, a low early diagnosis rate, and a poor prognosis, and it seriously threatens human health. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs can affect the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. Therefore, lncRNAs are expected to become important biomarkers and new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. LncRNAs have a significant potential to guide the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer. This article reviews lncRNAs and the mechanisms that have been discovered in recent years related to gastrointestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibo Tan
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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50
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Tan T, Li J, Wen Y, Zou Y, Yang J, Pan J, Hu C, Yao Y, Zhang J, Xin Y, Li S, Xia H, He J, Yang T. Association between lncRNA-H19 polymorphisms and hepatoblastoma risk in an ethic Chinese population. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:742-750. [PMID: 33236528 PMCID: PMC7812267 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
H19 polymorphisms are associated with increased susceptibility to several cancers; however, their role in hepatoblastoma remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the association between three H19 polymorphisms (rs2839698 G>A, rs3024270 C>G, rs217727 G>A) and hepatoblastoma susceptibility in 213 hepatoblastoma patients. The rs2839698 and rs3024270 polymorphisms were associated with significantly increased hepatoblastoma risk, with the GG genotype associated with a higher risk of hepatoblastoma than the CC genotype at the rs3024270 locus. The rs217727 polymorphism was associated with significantly decreased hepatoblastoma risk, with the AG genotype associated with a lower risk of hepatoblastoma than the GG genotype. These findings were confirmed by combined analysis, and stratification analysis revealed that age, gender and clinical stage were associated with increased hepatoblastoma susceptibility. The GGG and AGG haplotypes were significantly associated with increased hepatoblastoma risk compared with the GCA reference (rs2839698, rs3024270, rs217727). The rs2839698 and rs3024270 polymorphisms correlated with decreased MRPL23-AS1 expression, whereas the rs217727 polymorphism was associated with increased MRPL23-AS1 expression. Overall, the H19 rs2839698, rs3024270 and rs217727 polymorphisms were associated with hepatoblastoma susceptibility in a Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbao Tan
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiahao Li
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yang Wen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yan Zou
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiliang Yang
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing Pan
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chao Hu
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuxiao Yao
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yijuan Xin
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center of PLAXijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an, ShaanxiChina
| | - Suhong Li
- Department of PathologyChildren's Hospital and Women's Health Center of ShanxiTaiyuanChina
| | - Huimin Xia
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Tianyou Yang
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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