1
|
Wang Z, Liu C, Yao H, He S, Zhao L, Zeng X. Selectively lighting up glyoxal in living cells using an o-phenylenediamine fused hemicyanine. Org Biomol Chem 2024. [PMID: 39118527 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob01195c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Glyoxal (GL) is a reactive α-dicarbonyl compound generated from glycated proteins in the Maillard reaction. It has attracted particular attention over the past few years because of its possible clinical significance in chronic and age-related diseases. In this work, a reaction-based red emission fluorescent probe GL1 has been synthesized successfully by grafting an alkyl group onto an amino group to regulate its selectivity for GL. Under physiological conditions, the fluorescence intensity of GL1 at 640 nm obviously increased with the increase of GL concentration, and it exhibited high selectivity for GL over other reactive carbonyl compounds, as well as a lower detection limit (0.021 μM) and a larger Stokes shift (112 nm). At the same time, GL1 can selectively accumulate in mitochondria and can be used to detect exogenous and endogenous GL in living cells with low cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Huirong Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Song He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Liancheng Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Information Functional Materials & Devices, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xianshun Zeng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu YQ, Liang CQ, Chen ZW, Hu J, Hu JJ, Luo YY, Chen YX, Li YM. 14-3-3ζ Participates in the Phase Separation of Phosphorylated and Glycated Tau and Modulates the Physiological and Pathological Functions of Tau. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:1220-1225. [PMID: 36939323 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau plays a major role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and several other neurodegenerative diseases. Tau undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) performs specific physiological functions, induces pathological processes, and contributes to neurodegeneration. Regulating Tau phase separation helps maintain physiological functions of Tau and inhibits pathological aggregation. Here, we show that the 14-3-3 zeta isoform (14-3-3ζ) participates in Tau LLPS. 14-3-3ζ can undergo co-phase separation with WT Tau, participate in and stabilize Tau droplets, and inhibit Tau droplet-driven tubulin assembly. On the other hand, 14-3-3ζ disrupts the LLPS of phosphorylated and glycated Tau, thereby inhibiting the amyloid aggregation initiated by LLPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Liu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chu-Qiao Liang
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Chen
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jun Hu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Jian Hu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Yi Luo
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Xiang Chen
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Center for Synthetic and System Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mumtaz I, Ayaz MO, Khan MS, Manzoor U, Ganayee MA, Bhat AQ, Dar GH, Alghamdi BS, Hashem AM, Dar MJ, Ashraf GM, Maqbool T. Clinical relevance of biomarkers, new therapeutic approaches, and role of post-translational modifications in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:977411. [PMID: 36158539 PMCID: PMC9490081 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.977411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes progressive loss of cognitive functions like thinking, memory, reasoning, behavioral abilities, and social skills thus affecting the ability of a person to perform normal daily functions independently. There is no definitive cure for this disease, and treatment options available for the management of the disease are not very effective as well. Based on histopathology, AD is characterized by the accumulation of insoluble deposits of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Although several molecular events contribute to the formation of these insoluble deposits, the aberrant post-translational modifications (PTMs) of AD-related proteins (like APP, Aβ, tau, and BACE1) are also known to be involved in the onset and progression of this disease. However, early diagnosis of the disease as well as the development of effective therapeutic approaches is impeded by lack of proper clinical biomarkers. In this review, we summarized the current status and clinical relevance of biomarkers from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood and extracellular vesicles involved in onset and progression of AD. Moreover, we highlight the effects of several PTMs on the AD-related proteins, and provide an insight how these modifications impact the structure and function of proteins leading to AD pathology. Finally, for disease-modifying therapeutics, novel approaches, and targets are discussed for the successful treatment and management of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibtisam Mumtaz
- Laboratory of Nanotherapeutics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mir Owais Ayaz
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Centre for Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Utter Pradesh, India
| | - Mohamad Sultan Khan
- Neurobiology and Molecular Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Umar Manzoor
- Laboratory of Immune and Inflammatory Disease, Jeju Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Mohd Azhardin Ganayee
- Laboratory of Nanotherapeutics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Aadil Qadir Bhat
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Centre for Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Utter Pradesh, India
| | - Ghulam Hassan Dar
- Sri Pratap College, Cluster University Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Badrah S. Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pre-clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar M. Hashem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Jamal Dar
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Centre for Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Utter Pradesh, India
| | - Gulam Md. Ashraf
- Pre-clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Maqbool
- Laboratory of Nanotherapeutics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang ZH, Cao XC, Peng JY, Huang SL, Chen C, Jia SZ, Ni JZ, Song GL. Reversal of Lipid Metabolism Dysregulation by Selenium and Folic Acid Co-Supplementation to Mitigate Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050829. [PMID: 35624693 PMCID: PMC9138008 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant lipid metabolism is reported to be closely related to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Selenium (Se) and folate are two ideal and safe nutritional supplements, whose biological effects include regulating redox and homocysteine (Hcy) homeostasis in vivo. Here, to achieve effective multitarget therapy for AD, we combined Se and folic acid in a co-supplementation regimen (Se-FA) to study the therapeutic potential and exact mechanism in two transgenic mouse models of AD (APP/Tau/PSEN and APP/PS1). In addition to a reduction in Aβ generation and tau hyperphosphorylation, a restoration of synaptic plasticity and cognitive ability was observed in AD mice upon Se-FA administration. Importantly, by using untargeted metabolomics, we found that these improvements were dependent on the modulation of brain lipid metabolism, which may be associated with an antioxidant effect and the promotion of Hcy metabolism. Thus, from mechanism to effects, this study systematically investigated Se-FA as an intervention for AD, providing important mechanistic insights to inform its potential use in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Hao Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-C.C.); (J.-Y.P.); (S.-L.H.); (C.C.); (S.-Z.J.); (J.-Z.N.)
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xian-Chun Cao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-C.C.); (J.-Y.P.); (S.-L.H.); (C.C.); (S.-Z.J.); (J.-Z.N.)
| | - Jia-Ying Peng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-C.C.); (J.-Y.P.); (S.-L.H.); (C.C.); (S.-Z.J.); (J.-Z.N.)
| | - Shao-Ling Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-C.C.); (J.-Y.P.); (S.-L.H.); (C.C.); (S.-Z.J.); (J.-Z.N.)
| | - Chen Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-C.C.); (J.-Y.P.); (S.-L.H.); (C.C.); (S.-Z.J.); (J.-Z.N.)
| | - Shi-Zheng Jia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-C.C.); (J.-Y.P.); (S.-L.H.); (C.C.); (S.-Z.J.); (J.-Z.N.)
| | - Jia-Zuan Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-C.C.); (J.-Y.P.); (S.-L.H.); (C.C.); (S.-Z.J.); (J.-Z.N.)
| | - Guo-Li Song
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-C.C.); (J.-Y.P.); (S.-L.H.); (C.C.); (S.-Z.J.); (J.-Z.N.)
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0755-26535432
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Michailidis M, Moraitou D, Tata DA, Kalinderi K, Papamitsou T, Papaliagkas V. Alzheimer's Disease as Type 3 Diabetes: Common Pathophysiological Mechanisms between Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2687. [PMID: 35269827 PMCID: PMC8910482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) epidemics is increasing rapidly and has huge financial and emotional costs. The purpose of the current review article is to discuss the shared pathophysiological connections between AD and T2DM. Research findings are presented to underline the vital role that insulin plays in the brain's neurotransmitters, homeostasis of energy, as well as memory capacity. The findings of this review indicate the existence of a mechanistic interplay between AD pathogenesis with T2DM and, especially, disrupted insulin signaling. AD and T2DM are interlinked with insulin resistance, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic syndrome. Beta-amyloid, tau protein and amylin can accumulate in T2DM and AD brains. Given that the T2DM patients are not routinely evaluated in terms of their cognitive status, they are rarely treated for cognitive impairment. Similarly, AD patients are not routinely evaluated for high levels of insulin or for T2DM. Studies suggesting AD as a metabolic disease caused by insulin resistance in the brain also offer strong support for the hypothesis that AD is a type 3 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Michailidis
- Laboratory of Psychology, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.M.); (D.M.); (D.A.T.)
| | - Despina Moraitou
- Laboratory of Psychology, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.M.); (D.M.); (D.A.T.)
| | - Despina A. Tata
- Laboratory of Psychology, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.M.); (D.M.); (D.A.T.)
| | - Kallirhoe Kalinderi
- Laboratory of Medical Biology-Genetics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Theodora Papamitsou
- Histology and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Vasileios Papaliagkas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Overview of the Neuroprotective Effects of the MAO-Inhibiting Antidepressant Phenelzine. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:225-242. [PMID: 33839994 PMCID: PMC8732914 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phenelzine (PLZ) is a monoamine oxidase (MAO)-inhibiting antidepressant with anxiolytic properties. This multifaceted drug has a number of pharmacological and neurochemical effects in addition to inhibition of MAO, and findings on these effects have contributed to a body of evidence indicating that PLZ also has neuroprotective/neurorescue properties. These attributes are reviewed in this paper and include catabolism to the active metabolite β-phenylethylidenehydrazine (PEH) and effects of PLZ and PEH on the GABA-glutamate balance in brain, sequestration of reactive aldehydes, and inhibition of primary amine oxidase. Also discussed are the encouraging findings of the effects of PLZ in animal models of stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, and multiple sclerosis, as well other actions such as reduction of nitrative stress, reduction of the effects of a toxin on dopaminergic neurons, potential anticonvulsant actions, and effects on brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neural cell adhesion molecules, an anti-apoptotic factor, and brain levels of ornithine and N-acetylamino acids.
Collapse
|
7
|
Rungratanawanich W, Qu Y, Wang X, Essa MM, Song BJ. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and other adducts in aging-related diseases and alcohol-mediated tissue injury. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:168-188. [PMID: 33568752 PMCID: PMC8080618 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00561-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are potentially harmful and heterogeneous molecules derived from nonenzymatic glycation. The pathological implications of AGEs are ascribed to their ability to promote oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Recent studies in basic and translational research have revealed the contributing roles of AGEs in the development and progression of various aging-related pathological conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular complications, gut microbiome-associated illnesses, liver or neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Excessive chronic and/or acute binge consumption of alcohol (ethanol), a widely consumed addictive substance, is known to cause more than 200 diseases, including alcohol use disorder (addiction), alcoholic liver disease, and brain damage. However, despite the considerable amount of research in this area, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which alcohol abuse causes cellular toxicity and organ damage remain to be further characterized. In this review, we first briefly describe the properties of AGEs: their formation, accumulation, and receptor interactions. We then focus on the causative functions of AGEs that impact various aging-related diseases. We also highlight the biological connection of AGE-alcohol-adduct formations to alcohol-mediated tissue injury. Finally, we describe the potential translational research opportunities for treatment of various AGE- and/or alcohol-related adduct-associated disorders according to the mechanistic insights presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wiramon Rungratanawanich
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Ying Qu
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Neuroapoptosis Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- grid.412846.d0000 0001 0726 9430Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Aging and Dementia Research Group, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat, Oman ,grid.412846.d0000 0001 0726 9430Aging and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cioffi F, Adam RHI, Broersen K. Molecular Mechanisms and Genetics of Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 72:981-1017. [PMID: 31744008 PMCID: PMC6971833 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder that can cause dementia in elderly over 60 years of age. One of the disease hallmarks is oxidative stress which interconnects with other processes such as amyloid-β deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, and tangle formation. This review discusses current thoughts on molecular mechanisms that may relate oxidative stress to Alzheimer’s disease and identifies genetic factors observed from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies that may be associated with Alzheimer’s disease-related oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cioffi
- Nanobiophysics Group, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Rayan Hassan Ibrahim Adam
- Nanobiophysics Group, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Kerensa Broersen
- Applied Stem Cell Technologies, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Effect of Berberine on Glycation, Aldose Reductase Activity, and Oxidative Stress in the Lenses of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats In Vivo-A Preliminary Study. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124278. [PMID: 32560082 PMCID: PMC7349706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus affects the eye lens, leading to cataract formation by glycation, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a natural compound that has been reported to counteract all these pathological processes in various tissues and organs. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether berberine administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg by oral gavage for 28 days to rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes reveals such effects on the biochemical parameters in the lenses. For this purpose, the following lenticular parameters were studied: concentrations of soluble protein, non-protein sulfhydryl groups (NPSH), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and activities of aldose reductase (AR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Diabetes induced unfavorable changes in the majority of the examined parameters. The administration of berberine resulted in an increased soluble protein level, decreased activity of AR, and lowered AOPP and AGEs levels. The results suggest that berberine administered orally positively affects the lenses of diabetic rats, and should be further examined with regard to its anticataract potential.
Collapse
|
10
|
Sonawane SK, Chinnathambi S. P301 L, an FTDP-17 Mutant, Exhibits Enhanced Glycation in vitro. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 75:61-71. [PMID: 32250308 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism-linked to chromosome-17 are a group of diseases with tau mutations leading to primary tauopathies which include progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal syndrome, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Alzheimer's disease is a non-primary tauopathy, which displays tau neuropathology of excess tangle formation and accumulation. FTDP-17 mutations are responsible for early onset of AD, which can be attributed to compromised physiological functions due to the mutations. Tau is a microtubule-binding protein that secures the integrity of polymerized microtubules in neuronal cells. It malfunctions owing to various insults and stress conditions-like mutations and post-translational modifications. OBJECTIVE In this study, we modified the wild type and tau mutants by methyl glyoxal and thus studied whether glycation can enhance the aggregation of predisposed mutant tau. METHODS Tau glycation was studied by fluorescence assays, SDS-PAGE analysis, conformational evaluation, and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Our study suggests that FTDP-17 mutant P301 L leads to enhanced glycation-induced aggregation as well as advanced glycation end products formation. Glycation forms amorphous aggregates of tau and its mutants without altering its native conformation. CONCLUSION The metabolic anomalies and genetic predisposition have found to accelerate tau-mediated neurodegeneration and prove detrimental for the early-onset of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Kishor Sonawane
- Neurobiology Group, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
- Neurobiology Group, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dubey SK, Lakshmi KK, Krishna KV, Agrawal M, Singhvi G, Saha RN, Saraf S, Saraf S, Shukla R, Alexander A. Insulin mediated novel therapies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Life Sci 2020; 249:117540. [PMID: 32165212 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is one of the leading causes of death in the USA, along with cancer and cardiac disorders. AD is characterized by various neurological factors like amyloid plaques, tau hyperphosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, acetylcholine deficiency, etc. Together, impaired insulin signaling in the brain is also observed as essential factor to be considered in AD pathophysiology. Hence, currently researchers focused on studying the effect of brain insulin metabolism and relation of diabetes with AD. Based on the investigations, AD is also considered as type 3 or brain diabetes. Besides the traditional view of correlating AD with aging, a better understanding of various pathological factors and effects of other physical ailments is necessary to develop a promising therapeutic approach. There is a vast scope of studying the relation of systemic insulin level, insulin signaling, its neuroprotective potency and effect of diabetes on AD progression. The present work describes worldwide status of AD and its relation with diabetes mellitus and insulin metabolism; pathophysiology of AD; different metabolic pathways associating insulin metabolism with AD; insulin receptor and signaling in the brain; glucose metabolism; insulin resistance; and various preclinical and clinical studies reported insulin-based therapies to treat AD via systemic route and through direct intranasal delivery to the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Dubey
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India.
| | - K K Lakshmi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kowthavarapu Venkata Krishna
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mukta Agrawal
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490 024, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ranendra Narayana Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Swarnlata Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Shailendra Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-R), New Transit Campus, Bijnor Road, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow 226002, India
| | - Amit Alexander
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Guwahati), Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Govt. of India, NH 37, NITS Mirza, Kamrup-781125, Guwahati, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bandaru N, Ramu A, Vidhyadhara S. Neuroprotective and antioxidant activities of fraction isolated from methanolic extract of Sapindus laurifolia on scopolamine induced dementia. Pharmacognosy Res 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pr.pr_50_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
13
|
Haddad M, Perrotte M, Khedher MRB, Demongin C, Lepage A, Fülöp T, Ramassamy C. Methylglyoxal and Glyoxal as Potential Peripheral Markers for MCI Diagnosis and Their Effects on the Expression of Neurotrophic, Inflammatory and Neurodegenerative Factors in Neurons and in Neuronal Derived-Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194906. [PMID: 31623327 PMCID: PMC6801730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) and glyoxal (GO) are suggested to be associated with the development of neurodegenerative pathologies. However, their peripheral levels in relation to cognitive decline and their effects on key factors in neuronal cells are poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to determine their serum levels in MCI (mild cognitive impairment) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, to analyze their effects on the neurotrophic and inflammatory factors, on neurodegenerative markers in neuronal cells and in neuronal derived-extracellular vesicles (nEVs). Our results show that MG and GO levels in serum, determined by HPLC, were higher in MCI. ROC (receiver-operating characteristic curves) analysis showed that the levels of MG in serum have higher sensitivity to differentiate MCI from controls but not from AD. Meanwhile, serum GO levels differentiate MCI from control and AD groups. Cells and nEVs levels of BDNF, PRGN, NSE, APP, MMP-9, ANGPTL-4, LCN2, PTX2, S100B, RAGE, Aβ peptide, pTau T181 and alpha-synuclein were quantified by luminex assay. Treatment of neuronal cells with MG or GO reduced the cellular levels of NSE, PRGN, APP, MMP-9 and ANGPTL-4 and the nEVs levels of BDNF, PRGN and LCN2. Our findings suggest that targeting MG and GO may be a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent or delay the progression of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Haddad
- Institut National de Recherche Scientifique - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Morgane Perrotte
- Institut National de Recherche Scientifique - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Mohamed Raâfet Ben Khedher
- Institut National de Recherche Scientifique - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Clément Demongin
- Institut National de Recherche Scientifique - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Aurélie Lepage
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Division, Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.
| | - Tamás Fülöp
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Division, Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.
| | - Charles Ramassamy
- Institut National de Recherche Scientifique - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang L, Chen C, Mak MSH, Lu J, Wu Z, Chen Q, Han Y, Li Y, Pi R. Advance of sporadic Alzheimer's disease animal models. Med Res Rev 2019; 40:431-458. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou China
| | - Marvin SH Mak
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom Hong Kong
| | - Junfeng Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou China
| | - Zeqing Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou China
| | - Qiuhe Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou China
| | - Yifan Han
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom Hong Kong
- International Joint Laboratory<SYSU‐PolyU HK>of Novel Anti‐Dementia Drugs of GuangzhouGuangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation)The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhen China
| | - Yuefeng Li
- Guangdong Landau Biotechnology Co LtdGuangzhou China
| | - Rongbiao Pi
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou China
- International Joint Laboratory<SYSU‐PolyU HK>of Novel Anti‐Dementia Drugs of GuangzhouGuangzhou China
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs EvaluationSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ukmar-Godec T, Wegmann S, Zweckstetter M. Biomolecular condensation of the microtubule-associated protein tau. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 99:202-214. [PMID: 31260737 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cells contain multiple compartments dedicated to the regulation and control of biochemical reactions. Cellular compartments that are not surrounded by membranes can rapidly form and dissolve in response to changes in the cellular environment. The physicochemical processes that underlie the formation of non-membrane-bound compartments in vivo are connected to liquid-liquid phase separation of proteins and nucleic acids in vitro. Recent evidence suggests that the protein tau, which plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, phase separates in solution, forms tau phases with microtubules, and associates with phase-separated RNA-binding protein granules in cells. Here we review the experimental evidence that supports the ability of tau to phase separate in solution and form biomolecular condensates in cells. As for other disease-relevant proteins, the physiological and pathological functions of tau are tightly connected - through loss of normal function or gain of toxic function - and we therefore discuss how tau phase separation plays a role for both, and with respect to different cellular functions of tau.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Ukmar-Godec
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Waldweg 33, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Wegmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Markus Zweckstetter
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Waldweg 33, 37073, Göttingen, Germany; Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nooshi-Nedamani S, Habibi-Rezaei M, Farzadfard A, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. Intensification of serum albumin amyloidogenesis by a glycation-peroxidation loop (GPL). Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 668:54-60. [PMID: 31091430 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of reducing sugars with proteins leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) and reactive oxidative species (ROS). ROS peroxidise free or membrane included unsaturated fatty acids, leading to generate reactive aldehydes as advanced lipid peroxidation end products (ALE). Aldehydes from lipid peroxidation (LPO) react with proteins to cause alteration of protein structure to exacerbate complication of diseases. Here we studied serum albumin glycation in the presence and absence of liposomes as a bio-membrane model to investigate protein structural changes using various techniques including intrinsic and extrinsic fluorescence spectroscopies and electron microscopy analysis. Accordingly, serum albumin glycation and fibrillation were accelerated and intensified in the presence of liposomes through a hypothesized glycation-peroxidation loop (GPL). Together, our results shed light on the necessity of reconsidering diabetic protein glycation to make it close to physiological conditions mimicry, more importantly, proteins structural change due to diabetic glycation is intensified in the proximity of cell membranes which probably potentiates programmed cell death distinct from apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Nooshi-Nedamani
- Protein Biotechnology Research Lab (PBRL), School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Habibi-Rezaei
- Protein Biotechnology Research Lab (PBRL), School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Nano-Biomedicine Center of Excellence, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - A Farzadfard
- Protein Biotechnology Research Lab (PBRL), School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sharman MJ, Verdile G, Kirubakaran S, Parenti C, Singh A, Watt G, Karl T, Chang D, Li CG, Münch G. Targeting Inflammatory Pathways in Alzheimer's Disease: A Focus on Natural Products and Phytomedicines. CNS Drugs 2019; 33:457-480. [PMID: 30900203 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-019-00619-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have revealed key neuropathological features, such as the deposition of aggregates of insoluble amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). These pathological protein deposits, including Aβ peptides (which form senile plaques) and hyperphosphorylated tau (which aggregates into NFTs), have been assumed to be 'the cause of AD'. Aβ has been extensively targeted to develop an effective disease-modifying therapy, but with limited clinical success. Emerging therapies are also now targeting further pathological processes in AD, including neuroinflammation. This review focuses on the inflammatory and oxidative stress-related changes that occur in AD, and discusses some emerging anti-inflammatory natural products and phytomedicines. Many of the promising compounds are cytokine-suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs (CSAIDs), which target the proinflammatory AP1 and nuclear factor-κB signalling pathways and inhibit the expression of many proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, or nitric oxide produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase. However, many of these phytomedicines have not been tested in rigorous clinical trials in AD patients. It is not yet clear if the active compounds reach an effective concentration in the brain (due to limited bioavailability) or if they can slow down AD progression in long-term trials. The authors suggest that it is crucial for both the pharmacological and complementary medicine industries to conduct and fund those studies to significantly advance the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Sharman
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1322, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Shanmugam Kirubakaran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Cristina Parenti
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Ahilya Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Georgina Watt
- Department of Behavioural Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Tim Karl
- Department of Behavioural Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Dennis Chang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia.,School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Chun Guang Li
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia. .,NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia. .,Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Baker G, Matveychuk D, MacKenzie EM, Holt A, Wang Y, Kar S. Attenuation of the effects of oxidative stress by the MAO-inhibiting antidepressant and carbonyl scavenger phenelzine. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 304:139-147. [PMID: 30857888 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phenelzine (β-phenylethylhydrazine) is a monoamine oxidase (MAO)-inhibiting antidepressant with anxiolytic properties. It possesses a number of important pharmacological properties which may alter the effects of oxidative stress. After conducting a comprehensive literature search, the authors of this review paper aim to provide an overview and discussion of the mechanisms by which phenelzine may attenuate oxidative stress. It inhibits γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase, resulting in elevated brain GABA levels, inhibits both MAO and primary amine oxidase and, due to its hydrazine-containing structure, reacts chemically to sequester a number of reactive aldehydes (e.g. acrolein and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) proposed to be implicated in oxidative stress in a number of neurodegenerative disorders. Phenelzine is unusual in that it is both an inhibitor of and a substrate for MAO, the latter action producing at least one active metabolite, β-phenylethylidenehydrazine (PEH). This metabolite inhibits GABA transaminase, is a very weak inhibitor of MAO but a strong inhibitor of primary amine oxidase, and sequesters aldehydes. Phenelzine may ameliorate the effects of oxidative stress by reducing formation of reactive metabolites (aldehydes, hydrogen peroxide, ammonia/ammonia derivatives) produced by the interaction of MAO with biogenic amines, by sequestering various other reactive aldehydes and by inhibiting primary amine oxidase. In PC12 cells treated with the neurotoxin MPP+, phenelzine has been reported to reduce several adverse effects of MPP+. It has also been reported to reduce lipid peroxidative damage induced in plasma and platelet proteins by peroxynitrite. In animal models, phenelzine has a neuroprotective effect in global ischemia and in cortical impact traumatic brain injury. Recent studies reported in the literature on the possible involvement of acrolein in spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis indicate that phenelzine can attenuate adverse effects of acrolein in these models. Results from studies in our laboratories on effects of phenelzine and PEH on primary amine oxidase (which catalyzes formation of toxic aldehydes and is overexpressed in Alzheimer's disease), on sequestration of the toxic aldehyde acrolein, and on reduction of acrolein-induced toxicity in mouse cortical neurons are also reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glen Baker
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Dmitriy Matveychuk
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Erin M MacKenzie
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Andrew Holt
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Yanlin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Satyabrata Kar
- Department of Psychiatry (Neurochemical Research Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu M, Huang Y, Qin J, Wang Y, Ke B, Yang Y. Inhibition of MAPKs Signaling Pathways Prevents Acrolein-Induced Neurotoxicity in HT22 Mouse Hippocampal Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:617-622. [PMID: 30700647 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in neurons may underlie the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Acrolein, a ubiquitous pollutant, has been reported to implicate in the etiology of AD. Our previous data showed that acrolein changed the levels of key AD-associated proteins, including advanced glycation end products (RAGE), A-disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM-10), and beta-site amyloid-beta peptide cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1). In this study, we investigated whether acrolein-induced alterations of AD-associated proteins are relevant to MAPKs activation, and strategies to inhibit MAPKs activation yield benefits to acrolein-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 mouse hippocampal cells. We found that acrolein activated MAPKs signaling pathways to mediate cells apoptosis, and then altered the levels of AD-associated proteins ADAM-10, BACE-1 and RAGE. Inhibitors of MAPKs signaling pathways attenuated the cells death and restored the proteins levels of ADAM-10, BACE-1 and RAGE in varying degrees induced by acrolein. Taken together, activated MAPKs signaling pathways should be underlying the pathology of acrolein-induced neuronal disorders. Inhibitors of MAPKs pathways might be promising agents for acrolein-related diseases, such as AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MengTing Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - YingJuan Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - YuanYuan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Bin Ke
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - YuBin Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rowan S, Bejarano E, Taylor A. Mechanistic targeting of advanced glycation end-products in age-related diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3631-3643. [PMID: 30279139 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycative stress, caused by the accumulation of cytotoxic and irreversibly-formed sugar-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), contributes to morbidity associated with aging, age-related diseases, and metabolic diseases. In this review, we summarize pathways leading to formation of AGEs, largely from sugars and glycolytic intermediates, and discuss detoxification of AGE precursors, including the glyoxalase system and DJ-1/Park7 deglycase. Disease pathogenesis downstream of AGE accumulation can be cell autonomous due to aggregation of glycated proteins and impaired protein function, which occurs in ocular cataracts. Extracellular AGEs also activate RAGE signaling, leading to oxidative stress, inflammation, and leukostasis in diabetic complications such as diabetic retinopathy. Pharmaceutical agents have been tested in animal models and clinically to diminish glycative burden. We summarize existing strategies and point out several new directions to diminish glycative stress including: plant-derived polyphenols as AGE inhibitors and glyoxalase inducers; improved dietary patterns, particularly Mediterranean and low glycemic diets; and enhancing proteolytic capacities of the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy pathways that are involved in cellular clearing of AGEs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheldon Rowan
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Eloy Bejarano
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Allen Taylor
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
A Bifunctional Anti-Amyloid Blocks Oxidative Stress and the Accumulation of Intraneuronal Amyloid-Beta. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23082010. [PMID: 30103547 PMCID: PMC6222334 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23082010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing recognition regarding the role of intracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) in the Alzheimer’s disease process, which has been linked with aberrant signaling and the disruption of protein degradation mechanisms. Most notably, intraneuronal Aβ likely underlies the oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction that have been identified as key elements of disease progression. In this study, we employed fluorescence imaging to explore the ability of a bifunctional small molecule to reduce aggregates of intracellular Aβ and attenuate oxidative stress. Structurally, this small molecule is comprised of a nitroxide spin label linked to an amyloidophilic fluorene and is known as spin-labeled fluorene (SLF). The effect of the SLF on intracellular Aβ accumulation and oxidative stress was measured in MC65 cells, a human neuronal cell line with inducible expression of the amyloid precursor protein and in the N2a neuronal cell line treated with exogenous Aβ. Super-resolution microscopy imaging showed SLF decreases the accumulation of intracellular Aβ. Confocal microscopy imaging of MC65 cells treated with a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive dye demonstrated SLF significantly reduces the intracellular Aβ-induced ROS signal. In order to determine the contributions of the separate SLF moieties to these protective activities, experiments were also carried out on cells with nitroxides lacking the Aβ targeting domain or fluorene derivatives lacking the nitroxide functionality. The findings support a synergistic effect of SLF in counteracting both the conformational toxicity of both endogenous and exogenous Aβ, its promotion of ROS, and Aβ metabolism. Furthermore, these studies demonstrate an intimate link between ROS production and Aβ oligomer formation.
Collapse
|
22
|
Maternal imprinting on cognition markers of wild type and transgenic Alzheimer's disease model mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6434. [PMID: 29691440 PMCID: PMC5915602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24710-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of suffering from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is higher in individuals from AD-affected mothers. The purpose of this investigation was to study whether maternal transmission might produce AD-related alterations in progenies of mice that do not have any genotypic alteration. We used cognitively-intact mothers harbouring in heterozygosity the transgene for overexpressing the Swedish double mutant version of the human amyloid precursor protein (hAβPPswe). The phenotype of the offspring with or without the transgene resulting from crossing young Tg2576 females with wild-type males were compared with those of the offspring resulting from crossing wild-type females with Tg2576 males. The hAβPPswe-bearing offspring from Tg2576 mothers showed an aggravated AD-like phenotype. Remarkably, cognitive, immunohistochemical and some biochemical features displayed by Tg2576 heterozygous mice were also found in wild-type animals generated from Tg2576 females. This suggests the existence of a maternal imprinting in the wild-type offspring that confers a greater facility to launch an AD-like neurodegenerative cascade. Such progeny, lacking any mutant amyloid precursor protein, constitutes a novel model to study maternal transmission of AD and, even more important, to discover early risk markers that predispose to the development of AD.
Collapse
|
23
|
Kwak KA, Lee SP, Yang JY, Park YS. Current Perspectives regarding Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:6392986. [PMID: 29686714 PMCID: PMC5852851 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6392986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder featuring memory loss and cognitive impairment, is caused by synaptic failure and the excessive accumulation of misfolded proteins. Many unsuccessful attempts have been made to develop new small molecules or antibodies to intervene in the disease's pathogenesis. Stem cell-based therapies cast a new hope for AD treatment as a replacement or regeneration strategy. The results from recent preclinical studies regarding stem cell-based therapies are promising. Human clinical trials are now underway. However, a number of questions remain to be answered prior to safe and effective clinical translation. This review explores the pathophysiology of AD and summarizes the relevant stem cell research according to cell type. We also briefly summarize related clinical trials. Finally, future perspectives are discussed with regard to their clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Ah Kwak
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Pyo Lee
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Yang
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Daejeon Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seok Park
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mead E, Kestoras D, Gibson Y, Hamilton L, Goodson R, Jones S, Eversden S, Davies P, O'Neill M, Hutton M, Szekeres P, Wolak J. Halting of Caspase Activity Protects Tau from MC1-Conformational Change and Aggregation. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 54:1521-1538. [PMID: 27589517 PMCID: PMC5088409 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease and other tauopathies in which tau, a microtubule-associated protein, loses its ability to stabilize microtubules. Several post-translational modifications including phosphorylation and truncation increase tau’s propensity to aggregate thus forming NFTs; however, the mechanisms underlying tau conformational change and aggregation still remain to be defined. Caspase activation and subsequent proteolytic cleavage of tau is thought to be a potential trigger of this disease-related pathological conformation. The aim of this work was to investigate the link between caspase activation and a disease-related conformational change of tau in a neuroblastoma cell-based model of spontaneous tau aggregation. We demonstrated that caspase induction initiates proteolytic cleavage of tau and generation of conformationally altered and aggregated tau recognized by the MC1 conformational antibody. Most importantly, these events were shown to be attenuated with caspase inhibitors. This implies that therapeutics aimed at inhibiting caspase-mediated tau cleavage may prove beneficial in slowing cleavage and aggregation, thus potentially halting tau pathology and disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Mead
- Lilly Research Centre, Windlesham, Surrey, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter Davies
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tau Proteins and Tauopathies in Alzheimer’s Disease. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2018; 38:965-980. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0574-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
26
|
Kulbe JR, Hall ED. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy-integration of canonical traumatic brain injury secondary injury mechanisms with tau pathology. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 158:15-44. [PMID: 28851546 PMCID: PMC5671903 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, a new neurodegenerative tauopathy labeled Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), has been identified that is believed to be primarily a sequela of repeated mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), often referred to as concussion, that occurs in athletes participating in contact sports (e.g. boxing, American football, Australian football, rugby, soccer, ice hockey) or in military combatants, especially after blast-induced injuries. Since the identification of CTE, and its neuropathological finding of deposits of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, mechanistic attention has been on lumping the disorder together with various other non-traumatic neurodegenerative tauopathies. Indeed, brains from suspected CTE cases that have come to autopsy have been confirmed to have deposits of hyperphosphorylated tau in locations that make its anatomical distribution distinct for other tauopathies. The fact that these individuals experienced repetitive TBI episodes during their athletic or military careers suggests that the secondary injury mechanisms that have been extensively characterized in acute TBI preclinical models, and in TBI patients, including glutamate excitotoxicity, intracellular calcium overload, mitochondrial dysfunction, free radical-induced oxidative damage and neuroinflammation, may contribute to the brain damage associated with CTE. Thus, the current review begins with an in depth analysis of what is known about the tau protein and its functions and dysfunctions followed by a discussion of the major TBI secondary injury mechanisms, and how the latter have been shown to contribute to tau pathology. The value of this review is that it might lead to improved neuroprotective strategies for either prophylactically attenuating the development of CTE or slowing its progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline R Kulbe
- Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, United States; Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, United States
| | - Edward D Hall
- Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, United States; Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kontaxi C, Piccardo P, Gill AC. Lysine-Directed Post-translational Modifications of Tau Protein in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Tauopathies. Front Mol Biosci 2017; 4:56. [PMID: 28848737 PMCID: PMC5554484 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau is a microtubule-associated protein responsible mainly for stabilizing the neuronal microtubule network in the brain. Under normal conditions, tau is highly soluble and adopts an "unfolded" conformation. However, it undergoes conformational changes resulting in a less soluble form with weakened microtubule stabilizing properties. Altered tau forms characteristic pathogenic inclusions in Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies. Although, tau hyperphosphorylation is widely considered to be the major trigger of tau malfunction, tau undergoes several post-translational modifications at lysine residues including acetylation, methylation, ubiquitylation, SUMOylation, and glycation. We are only beginning to define the site-specific impact of each type of lysine modification on tau biology as well as the possible interplay between them, but, like phosphorylation, these modifications are likely to play critical roles in tau's normal and pathobiology. This review summarizes the latest findings focusing on lysine post-translational modifications that occur at both endogenous tau protein and pathological tau forms in AD and other tauopathies. In addition, it highlights the significance of a site-dependent approach of studying tau post-translational modifications under normal and pathological conditions.
Collapse
|
28
|
Uddin MS, Mamun AA, Hossain MS, Akter F, Iqbal MA, Asaduzzaman M. Exploring the Effect of Phyllanthus emblica L. on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Promising Natural Gift for the Mitigation of Alzheimer's Disease. Ann Neurosci 2016; 23:218-229. [PMID: 27780989 PMCID: PMC5075744 DOI: 10.1159/000449482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are incurable and debilitating conditions that result in the progressive degeneration of nerve cells, which affect the cognitive activity. Currently, as a result of multiple studies linking Alzheimer's disease (AD) to oxidative damage, the uses of natural antioxidant to prevent, delay, or enhance the pathological changes underlying the progression of AD has received considerable attention. Therefore, this study was aimed at examining the effect of ethanolic extracts of Phyllanthus emblica (EEPE) ripe (EEPEr) and EEPE unripe (EEPEu) fruits on cognitive functions, brain antioxidant enzymes, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in rat. The effects of EEPEr and EEPEu fruits (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) were examined in Swiss albino male rats for 12 days and its effect on cognitive functions, brain antioxidant enzymes, and AChE activity determined. Learning and memory enhancing activity of EEPE fruit was examined by using passive avoidance test and rewarded alternation test. Antioxidant potentiality was evaluated by measuring the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase, and the contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in entire brain tissue homogenates. AChE activity was determined using colorimetric method. Administration of the highest dose (i.e., 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEr fruit significantly (p < 0.01) and both lowest and highest doses (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEu fruit markedly (p < 0.05, p < 0.001) increased step-through latency in rats on 6th, 11th, and 12th day with respect to the control group. For aforementioned doses, the percentage of memory retention (MR) was considerably (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) increased in rats on 10th, 11th, and 12th days with respect to the control group. The extract, particularly highest dose (i.e., 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEr fruit markedly (p < 0.05) and lowest and highest doses (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEu fruit significantly (p < 0.01) increased the correct responses in rats on 6th, and 12th day related to the control group. In case of this test, the percentage of MR was significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) increased in rats treated with aforementioned doses on 12th day with respect to the control group. The highest dose (i.e., 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEr fruit suggestively (p < 0.05) and both lowest and highest doses (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEu fruit suggestively (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001) increased the levels of SOD, CAT, GSH, GSH-Px and expressively (p < 0.01) decreased the TBARS level compared to the control group. Treatment with the highest dose (i.e., 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEr fruit significantly (p < 0.05) and both lowest and highest doses (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEu fruit markedly (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) decreased the level of AChE activity compared to that of the control group. The present study shows that EEPE fruit possesses an excellent source for natural cognitive enhancer which could be developed in the treatment of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Sarwar Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farjana Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Asaduzzaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Arendt T, Stieler JT, Holzer M. Tau and tauopathies. Brain Res Bull 2016; 126:238-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
30
|
Procaccini C, Santopaolo M, Faicchia D, Colamatteo A, Formisano L, de Candia P, Galgani M, De Rosa V, Matarese G. Role of metabolism in neurodegenerative disorders. Metabolism 2016; 65:1376-90. [PMID: 27506744 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Along with the increase in life expectancy over the last century, the prevalence of age-related disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases continues to rise. This is the case of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases and Multiple sclerosis, which are chronic disorders characterized by neuronal loss in motor, sensory or cognitive systems. Accumulating evidence has suggested the presence of a strong correlation between metabolic changes and neurodegeneration. Indeed epidemiologic studies have shown strong associations between obesity, metabolic dysfunction, and neurodegeneration, while animal models have provided insights into the complex relationships between these conditions. In this context, hormones such as leptin, ghrelin, insulin and IGF-1 seem to play a key role in the regulation of neuronal damage, toxic insults and several other neurodegenerative processes. This review aims to presenting the most recent evidence supporting the crosstalk linking energy metabolism and neurodegeneration, and will focus on metabolic manipulation as a possible therapeutic tool in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Procaccini
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR) c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marianna Santopaolo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Deriggio Faicchia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università di Napoli "Federico II", 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Colamatteo
- Unità di NeuroImmunologia, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Luigi Formisano
- Divisione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | | | - Mario Galgani
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR) c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Veronica De Rosa
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR) c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", 80131, Napoli, Italy; Unità di NeuroImmunologia, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kandimalla R, Thirumala V, Reddy PH. Is Alzheimer's disease a Type 3 Diabetes? A critical appraisal. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:1078-1089. [PMID: 27567931 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently researchers proposed the term 'Type-3-Diabetes' for Alzheimer's disease (ad) because of the shared molecular and cellular features among Type-1-Diabetes, Type-2-Diabetes and insulin resistance associated with memory deficits and cognitive decline in elderly individuals. Recent clinical and basic studies on patients with diabetes and AD revealed previously unreported cellular and pathological among diabetes, insulin resistance and AD. These studies are also strengthened by various basic biological studies that decipher the effects of insulin in the pathology of AD through cellular and molecular mechanisms. For instance, insulin is involved in the activation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β, which in turn causes phosphorylation of tau, which involved in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. Interestingly, insulin also plays a crucial role in the formation amyloid plaques. In this review, we discussed significant shared mechanisms between AD and diabetes and we also provided therapeutic avenues for diabetes and AD. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Quality in Diabetes/Obesity and Critical Illness Spectrum of Diseases - edited by P. Hemachandra Reddy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kandimalla
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States.
| | - Vani Thirumala
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; BSA Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Departments of Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Neuroscience & Pharmacology and Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Uddin MS, Mamun AA, Hossain MS, Ashaduzzaman M, Noor MAA, Hossain MS, Uddin MJ, Sarker J, Asaduzzaman M. Neuroprotective Effect of <i>Phyllanthus acidus</i> L. on Learning and Memory Impairment in Scopolamine-Induced Animal Model of Dementia and Oxidative Stress: Natural Wonder for Regulating the Development and Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/aad.2016.52005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
33
|
Is membrane homeostasis the missing link between inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases? Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4795-805. [PMID: 26403788 PMCID: PMC5005413 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2038-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation and infections are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Unfortunately, the molecular bases of this link are still largely undiscovered. We, therefore, review how inflammatory processes can imbalance membrane homeostasis and theorize how this may have an effect on the aggregation behavior of the proteins implicated in such diseases. Specifically, we describe the processes that generate such imbalances at the molecular level, and try to understand how they affect protein folding and localization. Overall, current knowledge suggests that microglia pro-inflammatory mediators can generate membrane damage, which may have an impact in terms of triggering or accelerating disease manifestation.
Collapse
|
34
|
Ashraf GM, Greig NH, Khan TA, Hassan I, Tabrez S, Shakil S, Sheikh IA, Zaidi SK, Akram M, Jabir NR, Firoz CK, Naeem A, Alhazza IM, Damanhouri GA, Kamal MA. Protein misfolding and aggregation in Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2015; 13:1280-93. [PMID: 25230234 DOI: 10.2174/1871527313666140917095514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In general, proteins can only execute their various biological functions when they are appropriately folded. Their amino acid sequence encodes the relevant information required for correct three-dimensional folding, with or without the assistance of chaperones. The challenge associated with understanding protein folding is currently one of the most important aspects of the biological sciences. Misfolded protein intermediates form large polymers of unwanted aggregates and are involved in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). AD is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders and has worldwide impact; whereas T2DM is considered a metabolic disease that detrementally influences numerous organs, afflicts some 8% of the adult population, and shares many risk factors with AD. Research data indicates that there is a widespread conformational change in the proteins involved in AD and T2DM that form β-sheet like motifs. Although conformation of these β-sheets is common to many functional proteins, the transition from α-helix to β-sheet is a typical characteristic of amyloid deposits. Any abnormality in this transition results in protein aggregation and generation of insoluble fibrils. The abnormal and toxic proteins can interact with other native proteins and consequently catalyze their transition into the toxic state. Both AD and T2DM are prevalent in the aged population. AD is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in brain, while T2DM is characterized by the deposition of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP, also known as amylin) within beta-cells of the pancreas. T2DM increases pathological angiogenesis and immature vascularisation. This also leads to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, which results in dysfunction and degeneration of neuroglial cells. With an abundance of common mechanisms underpinning both disorders, a significant question that can be posed is whether T2DM leads to AD in aged individuals and the associations between other protein misfolding diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mohammad A Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Alonso A, Greenlee M, Matts J, Kline J, Davis KJ, Miller RK. Emerging roles of sumoylation in the regulation of actin, microtubules, intermediate filaments, and septins. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2015; 72:305-39. [PMID: 26033929 PMCID: PMC5049490 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sumoylation is a powerful regulatory system that controls many of the critical processes in the cell, including DNA repair, transcriptional regulation, nuclear transport, and DNA replication. Recently, new functions for SUMO have begun to emerge. SUMO is covalently attached to components of each of the four major cytoskeletal networks, including microtubule-associated proteins, septins, and intermediate filaments, in addition to nuclear actin and actin-regulatory proteins. However, knowledge of the mechanisms by which this signal transduction system controls the cytoskeleton is still in its infancy. One story that is beginning to unfold is that SUMO may regulate the microtubule motor protein dynein by modification of its adaptor Lis1. In other instances, cytoskeletal elements can both bind to SUMO non-covalently and also be conjugated by it. The molecular mechanisms for many of these new functions are not yet clear, but are under active investigation. One emerging model links the function of MAP sumoylation to protein degradation through SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligases, also known as STUbL enzymes. Other possible functions for cytoskeletal sumoylation are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Alonso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | - Matt Greenlee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | - Jessica Matts
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | - Jake Kline
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | - Kayla J. Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | - Rita K. Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Fontaine SN, Sabbagh JJ, Baker J, Martinez-Licha CR, Darling A, Dickey CA. Cellular factors modulating the mechanism of tau protein aggregation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1863-79. [PMID: 25666877 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1839-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Pathological accumulation of the microtubule-associated protein tau, in the form of neurofibrillary tangles, is a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, the most prevalent neurodegenerative condition worldwide. In addition to Alzheimer's disease, a number of neurodegenerative diseases, called tauopathies, are characterized by the accumulation of aggregated tau in a variety of brain regions. While tau normally plays an important role in stabilizing the microtubule network of the cytoskeleton, its dissociation from microtubules and eventual aggregation into pathological deposits is an area of intense focus for therapeutic development. Here we discuss the known cellular factors that affect tau aggregation, from post-translational modifications to molecular chaperones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Fontaine
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33613, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Prior research has shown that arsenic exposure induces changes that coincide with most of the developmental, biochemical, pathologic, and clinical features of Alzheimer disease (AD) and associated disorders. On the basis of this literature, we propose the Arsenic Exposure Hypothesis for AD that is inclusive of and cooperative with the existing hypotheses. Arsenic toxicity induces hyperphosphorylation of protein tau and overtranscription of the amyloid precursor protein, which are involved in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and brain amyloid plaques, consistent with the amyloid hypothesis of AD. Arsenic exposure has been associated with cardiovascular diseases and associated risk factors, which is in agreement with the vascular hypothesis of AD. Arsenic exposure invokes brain inflammatory responses, which resonates with the inflammatory hypotheses of AD. Arsenic exposure has been linked to reduced memory and intellectual abilities in children and adolescents, which provides a biologic basis for the developmental origin of health and disease hypothesis for AD. Arsenic and its metabolites generate free radicals causing oxidative stress and neuronal death, which fits the existing oxidative stress hypothesis. Taken together, the arsenic exposure hypothesis for AD provides a parsimonious testable hypothesis for the development and progression of this devastating disease at least for some subsets of individuals.
Collapse
|
38
|
Stem cell treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:19226-38. [PMID: 25342318 PMCID: PMC4227270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151019226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and neurodegenerative disorder that induces dementia in older people. It was first reported in 1907 by Alois Alzheimer, who characterized the disease as causing memory loss and cognitive impairment. Pathologic characteristics of AD are β-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neurodegeneration. Current therapies only target the relief of symptoms using various drugs, and do not cure the disease. Recently, stem cell therapy has been shown to be a potential approach to various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, and in this review, we focus on stem cell therapies for AD.
Collapse
|
39
|
Nowotny K, Jung T, Grune T, Höhn A. Reprint of "accumulation of modified proteins and aggregate formation in aging". Exp Gerontol 2014; 59:3-12. [PMID: 25308087 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Increasing cellular damage during the aging process is considered to be one factor limiting the lifespan of organisms. Besides the DNA and lipids, proteins are frequent targets of non-enzymatic modifications by reactive substances including oxidants and glycating agents. Non-enzymatic protein modifications may alter the protein structure often leading to impaired functionality. Although proteolytic systems ensure the removal of modified proteins, the activity of these proteases was shown to decline during the aging process. The additional age-related increase of reactive compounds as a result of impaired antioxidant systems leads to the accumulation of damaged proteins and the formation of protein aggregates. Both, non-enzymatic modified proteins and protein aggregates impair cellular functions and tissue properties by a variety of mechanisms. This is increasingly important in aging and age-related diseases. In this review, we will give an overview on oxidation and glycation of proteins and the function of modified proteins in aggregate formation. Furthermore, their effects as well as their role in aging and age-related diseases will be highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Nowotny
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Jung
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Annika Höhn
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gerson JE, Castillo-Carranza DL, Kayed R. Advances in therapeutics for neurodegenerative tauopathies: moving toward the specific targeting of the most toxic tau species. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014; 5:752-69. [PMID: 25075869 DOI: 10.1021/cn500143n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disease is one of the greatest health concerns today and with no effective treatment in sight, it is crucial that researchers find a safe and successful therapeutic. While neurofibrillary tangles are considered the primary tauopathy hallmark, more evidence continues to come to light to suggest that soluble, intermediate tau aggregates--tau oligomers--are the most toxic species in disease. These intermediate tau species may also be responsible for the spread of pathology, suggesting that oligomeric tau may be the best therapeutic target. Here, we summarize results for the modulation of tau by molecular chaperones, small molecules and aggregation inhibitors, post-translational modifications, immunotherapy, other techniques, and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia E. Gerson
- Department
of Neurology, George and Cynthia Mitchell
Center for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Diana L. Castillo-Carranza
- Department
of Neurology, George and Cynthia Mitchell
Center for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Department
of Neurology, George and Cynthia Mitchell
Center for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chronic neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: new perspectives on animal models and promising candidate drugs. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:309129. [PMID: 25025046 PMCID: PMC4083880 DOI: 10.1155/2014/309129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation is now considered one of the major factors in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the most widely used transgenic AD models (overexpressing mutated forms of amyloid precursor protein, presenilin, and/or tau) do not demonstrate the degree of inflammation, neurodegeneration (particularly of the cholinergic system), and cognitive decline that is comparable with the human disease. Hence a more suitable animal model is needed to more closely mimic the resulting cognitive decline and memory loss in humans in order to investigate the effects of neuroinflammation on neurodegeneration. One of these models is the glial fibrillary acidic protein-interleukin 6 (GFAP-IL6) mouse, in which chronic neuroinflammation triggered constitutive expression of the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in astrocytes. These transgenic mice show substantial and progressive neurodegeneration as well as a decline in motor skills and cognitive function, starting from 6 months of age. This animal model could serve as an excellent tool for drug discovery and validation in vivo. In this review, we have also selected three potential anti-inflammatory drugs, curcumin, apigenin, and tenilsetam, as candidate drugs, which could be tested in this model.
Collapse
|
42
|
Accumulation of modified proteins and aggregate formation in aging. Exp Gerontol 2014; 57:122-31. [PMID: 24877899 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Increasing cellular damage during the aging process is considered to be one factor limiting the lifespan of organisms. Besides the DNA and lipids, proteins are frequent targets of non-enzymatic modifications by reactive substances including oxidants and glycating agents. Non-enzymatic protein modifications may alter the protein structure often leading to impaired functionality. Although proteolytic systems ensure the removal of modified proteins, the activity of these proteases was shown to decline during the aging process. The additional age-related increase of reactive compounds as a result of impaired antioxidant systems leads to the accumulation of damaged proteins and the formation of protein aggregates. Both, non-enzymatic modified proteins and protein aggregates impair cellular functions and tissue properties by a variety of mechanisms. This is increasingly important in aging and age-related diseases. In this review, we will give an overview on oxidation and glycation of proteins and the function of modified proteins in aggregate formation. Furthermore, their effects as well as their role in aging and age-related diseases will be highlighted.
Collapse
|
43
|
Bittencourt LDS, Zeidán-Chuliá F, Yatsu FKJ, Schnorr CE, Moresco KS, Kolling EA, Gelain DP, Bassani VL, Moreira JCF. Guarana (Paullinia cupana
Mart.) Prevents β-Amyloid Aggregation, Generation of Advanced Glycation-end Products (AGEs), and Acrolein-Induced Cytotoxicity on Human Neuronal-Like Cells. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1615-24. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo da Silva Bittencourt
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Fares Zeidán-Chuliá
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Francini Kiyono Jorge Yatsu
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Schnorr
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Karla Suzana Moresco
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antônio Kolling
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Valquiria Linck Bassani
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Role of methylglyoxal in Alzheimer's disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:238485. [PMID: 24734229 PMCID: PMC3966409 DOI: 10.1155/2014/238485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common and lethal neurodegenerative disorder. The major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease are extracellular aggregation of amyloid β peptides and, the presence of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles formed by precipitation/aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The etiology of Alzheimer's disease is multifactorial and a full understanding of its pathogenesis remains elusive. Some years ago, it has been suggested that glycation may contribute to both extensive protein cross-linking and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease. Glycation is an endogenous process that leads to the production of a class of compounds known as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Interestingly, increased levels of AGEs have been observed in brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. Methylglyoxal, a reactive intermediate of cellular metabolism, is the most potent precursor of AGEs and is strictly correlated with an increase of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease. Many studies are showing that methylglyoxal and methylglyoxal-derived AGEs play a key role in the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
|
45
|
Oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease: why did antioxidant therapy fail? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:427318. [PMID: 24669288 PMCID: PMC3941783 DOI: 10.1155/2014/427318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly, with increasing prevalence and no disease-modifying treatment available yet. A remarkable amount of data supports the hypothesis that oxidative stress is an early and important pathogenic operator in AD. However, all clinical studies conducted to date did not prove a clear beneficial effect of antioxidant treatment in AD patients. In the current work, we review the current knowledge about oxidative stress in AD pathogeny and we suggest future paths that are worth to be explored in animal models and clinical studies, in order to get a better approach of oxidative imbalance in this inexorable neurodegenerative disease.
Collapse
|
46
|
Spencer MK, Radzinski NP, Tripathi S, Chowdhury S, Herrin RP, Chandran NN, Daniel AK, West JD. Pronounced toxicity differences between homobifunctional protein cross-linkers and analogous monofunctional electrophiles. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:1720-9. [PMID: 24138115 DOI: 10.1021/tx400290j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bifunctional electrophiles have been used in various chemopreventive, chemotherapeutic, and bioconjugate applications. Many of their effects in biological systems are traceable to their reactive properties, whereby they can modify nucleophilic sites in DNA, proteins, and other cellular molecules. Previously, we found that two different bifunctional electrophiles--diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and divinyl sulfone--exhibited a strong enhancement of toxicity when compared with analogous monofunctional electrophiles in both human colorectal carcinoma cells and baker's yeast. Here, we have compared the toxicities for a broader panel of homobifunctional electrophiles bearing diverse electrophilic centers (e.g., isothiocyanate, isocyanate, epoxide, nitrogen mustard, and aldehyde groups) to their monofunctional analogues. Each bifunctional electrophile showed at least a 3-fold enhancement of toxicity over its monofunctional counterpart, although in most cases, the differences were even more pronounced. To explain their enhanced toxicity, we tested the ability of each bifunctional electrophile to cross-link recombinant yeast thioredoxin 2 (Trx2), a known intracellular target of electrophiles. The bifunctional electrophiles were capable of cross-linking Trx2 to itself in vitro and to other proteins in cells exposed to toxic concentrations. Moreover, most cross-linkers were preferentially reactive with thiols in these experiments. Collectively, our results indicate that thiol-reactive protein cross-linkers in general are much more potent cytotoxins than analogous monofunctional electrophiles, irrespective of the electrophilic group studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K Spencer
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Program, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, The College of Wooster , Wooster, Ohio 44691, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Huang YJ, Jin MH, Pi RB, Zhang JJ, Ouyang Y, Chao XJ, Chen MH, Liu PQ, Yu JC, Ramassamy C, Dou J, Chen XH, Jiang YM, Qin J. Acrolein induces Alzheimer's disease-like pathologies in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Lett 2013; 217:184-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
48
|
Huang Y, Jin M, Pi R, Zhang J, Chen M, Ouyang Y, Liu A, Chao X, Liu P, Liu J, Ramassamy C, Qin J. Protective effects of caffeic acid and caffeic acid phenethyl ester against acrolein-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 mouse hippocampal cells. Neurosci Lett 2013; 535:146-51. [PMID: 23313590 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Acrolein-induced oxidative stress is hypothesized to involve in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Caffeic acid (CA) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) have antioxidative and neuroprotective properties. The present study investigated the protective effects of CA/CAPE on acrolein-induced oxidative neuronal toxicity. HT22 mouse hippocampal cells were pretreated with CA/CAPE and then exposed to acrolein. Cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and glutathione (GSH) level were measured. MAPKs and Akt/GSK3β signaling proteins as well as α/β-secretase of amyloid protein precursor were assayed by Western blotting. Pretreatment with CA/CAPE significantly attenuated acrolein-induced neurotoxicity, ROS accumulation, and GSH depletion. Further study suggested that CA/CAPE showed protective effects against acrolein by modulating MAPKs and Akt/GSK3β signaling pathways. Moreover, CA/CAPE restored the changes of β-secretase (BACE-1) and/or activation of α-secretase (ADAM-10) induced by acrolein. These findings suggest that CA/CAPE may provide a promising approach for the treatment of acrolein-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingjuan Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Maltsev A, Dovidchenko N, Uteshev V, Sokolik V, Shtang O, Yakushin M, Sokolova N, Surin A, Galzitskaya O. Intensive protein synthesis in neurons and phosphorylation of beta-amyloid precursor protein and tau-protein are triggering factors of neuronal amyloidosis and Alzheimer's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 59:144-70. [DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20135902144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently the studies of Alzheimer’s disease have become particularly actual and have attracted scientists from all over the world to this problem as a result of dissemination of this dangerous disorder. The reason for such pathogenesis is not known, but the final image, for the first time obtained on microscopic brain sections from patients with this disease more than a hundred years ago, is well known to clinicists. This is the deposition of Ab amyloid in the brain tissue of senile plaques and fibrils. Many authors suppose that the deposition of beta-amyloid provokes secondary neuronal changes which are the reason of neuron death. Other authors associate the death of neurons with hyperphosphorylation of tau-proteins which form neurofibrillar coils inside nerve cells and lead to their death. For creation of methods of preclinical diagnostics and effective treatment of Alzheimer’s disease novel knowledge is required on the nature of triggering factors of sporadic isoforms of Alzheimer’s disease, on cause-effect relationships of phosphorylation of amyloid precursor protein with formation of pathogenic beta-amyloids, on the relationship with these factors of hyperphosphorylation of tau-protein and neuron death. In this review we analyze the papers describing the increasing of intensity of biosynthesis in neurons in normal conditions and under the stress, the possibility of development of energetic unbalanced neurons and activation of their protective systems. Phosphorylation and hyperphosphorylation of tau-proteins is also tightly connected with protective mechanisms of cells and with processes of evacuation of phosphates, adenosine mono-phosphates and pyrophosphates from the region of protein synthesis. Upon long and high intensity of protein synthesis the protective mechanisms are overloaded and the complementarity of metabolitic processes is disturbed. This results in dysfunction of neurons, transport collapse, and neuron death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A.V. Maltsev
- Russian Gerontological Research Clinical Center, Russian Ministry of Health Care; Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences
| | | | - V.K. Uteshev
- Institute of Biophysics Cell, Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - V.V. Sokolik
- Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Addiction Medical Sciences of Ukraine
| | | | - M.A. Yakushin
- Russian Gerontological Research Clinical Center, Russian Ministry of Health Care
| | - N.M. Sokolova
- Russian Gerontological Research Clinical Center, Russian Ministry of Health Care
| | - A.K. Surin
- Insitute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences; State Research Center for Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lyon RC, Li D, McGarvie G, Ellis EM. Aldo-keto reductases mediate constitutive and inducible protection against aldehyde toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Neurochem Int 2012; 62:113-21. [PMID: 23084985 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Reactive aldehydes including methyl glyoxal, acrolein and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) have been implicated in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The reduction of aldehydes to alcohols by the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) family of enzymes may represent an important detoxication route within neuronal cells. In this study, the ability of AKR enzymes to protect human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against reactive aldehydes was assessed. Using gene-specific RNA interference (RNAi), we report that AKR7A2 makes a significant contribution to the reduction of methyl glyoxal in SH-SY5Y cells, with its knockdown altering the IC(50) from 410 to 25.8μM, and that AKR1C3 contributes to 4-HNE reduction, with its knockdown lowering the IC(50) from 1.25 to 0.58μM. In addition, we have shown that pretreatment of cells with sub-lethal concentrations of 4-HNE or methyl glyoxal leads to a significant increase in IC(50) when cells are exposed to higher concentrations of the toxic aldehyde. The IC(50) for methyl glyoxal increased from 410μM to 1.9mM, and the IC(50) for 4-HNE increased from 120 to 690nM. To investigate this protection, we show that pretreatment of cells with the AKR inhibitor sorbinil lead to decreased resistance to aldehydes. We show that AKR1C can be induced 8-fold in SH-SY5Y cells by treatment with sub-lethal concentrations of methyl glyoxal, and 5-fold by 4-HNE treatment. AKR1B is not induced by methyl glyoxal but is induced 10-fold by 4-HNE treatment. Furthermore, we have shown that this adaptive response can also be induced using the chemoprotective agent tert-butyl hydroquinone (t-BHQ), and that this also evokes an increase in the expression and activity of AKR1B and AKR1C. These findings highlight the potential for the interventional upregulation of AKR via non-toxic derivatives or natural compounds as a novel therapeutic approach towards the detoxication of aldehydes, with the aim of halting the progression of aldehyde-dependent neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Lyon
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, 161 Cathedral Street, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|