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Genah S, Ciccone V, Filippelli A, Simonis V, Martelli A, Piragine E, Pagnotta E, Pecchioni N, Calderone V, Morbidelli L. Erucin, a natural isothiocyanate, exerts pro-angiogenic properties in cultured endothelial cells and reverts angiogenic impairment induced by high glucose. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2641-2655. [PMID: 38488442 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Insufficient vessel maintenance adversely impacts patients in terms of tissue reperfusion following stroke or myocardial infarction, as well as during wound healing. Angiogenesis impairment is a feature typical of metabolic disorders acting at the cardiovascular level, such as diabetes. Therapeutic angiogenesis regulation offers promising clinical implications, and natural compounds as pro-angiogenic nutraceuticals hold valuable applications in regenerative medicine. By using cultured endothelial cells from human umbilical veins (HUVEC) we studied functional and molecular responses following exposure to erucin, a natural isothiocyanate derived from Brassicaceae plants and extracted from the seeds of rocket. Erucin (at nanomolar concentrations) promotes cell migration and tube formation, similar to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), through mobilizing paxillin at endothelial edges. At the molecular level, erucin induces signaling pathways typical of angiogenesis activation, namely Ras, PI3K/AKT, and ERK1/2, leading to VEGF expression and triggering its autocrine production, as pharmacological inhibition of soluble VEGF and VEGFR2 dampens endothelial functions. Furthermore, erucin, alone and together with VEGF, preserves endothelial angiogenic functions under pathological conditions, such as those induced in HUVEC by high glucose (HG) exposure. Erucin emerges as a compelling candidate for therapeutic revascularization applications, showcasing promising prospects for natural compounds in regenerative medicine, particularly in addressing angiogenesis-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Genah
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Valerio Ciccone
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Eleonora Pagnotta
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, CREA, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Pecchioni
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, CREA, Foggia, Italy
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Boewe AS, Wrublewsky S, Hoppstädter J, Götz C, Kiemer AK, Menger MD, Laschke MW, Ampofo E. C-Myc/H19/miR-29b axis downregulates nerve/glial (NG)2 expression in glioblastoma multiforme. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102120. [PMID: 38318212 PMCID: PMC10839451 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Nerve/glial antigen (NG)2 is highly expressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, the underlying mechanisms of its upregulated expression are largely unknown. In silico analyses reveal that the tumor-suppressive miR-29b targets NG2. We used GBM-based data from The Cancer Genome Atals databases to analyze the expression pattern of miR-29b and different target genes, including NG2. Moreover, we investigated the regulatory function of miR-29b on NG2 expression and NG2-related signaling pathways. We further studied upstream mechanisms affecting miR-29b-dependent NG2 expression. We found that miR-29b downregulates NG2 expression directly and indirectly via the transcription factor Sp1. Furthermore, we identified the NG2 coreceptor platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)α as an additional miR-29b target. As shown by a panel of functional cell assays, a reduced miR-29b-dependent NG2 expression suppresses tumor cell proliferation and migration. Signaling pathway analyses revealed that this is associated with a decreased ERK1/2 activity. In addition, we found that the long noncoding RNA H19 and c-Myc act as upstream repressors of miR-29b in GBM cells, resulting in an increased NG2 expression. These findings indicate that the c-Myc/H19/miR-29b axis crucially regulates NG2 expression in GBM and, thus, represents a target for the development of future GBM therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne S. Boewe
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Selina Wrublewsky
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Hoppstädter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Claudia Götz
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra K. Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Michael D. Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Ampofo
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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Zhao J, Ghallab A, Hassan R, Dooley S, Hengstler JG, Drasdo D. A liver digital twin for in silico testing of cellular and inter-cellular mechanisms in regeneration after drug-induced damage. iScience 2024; 27:108077. [PMID: 38371522 PMCID: PMC10869925 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This communication presents a mathematical mechanism-based model of the regenerating liver after drug-induced pericentral lobule damage resolving tissue microarchitecture. The consequence of alternative hypotheses about the interplay of different cell types on regeneration was simulated. Regeneration dynamics has been quantified by the size of the damage-induced dead cell area, the hepatocyte density and the spatial-temporal profile of the different cell types. We use deviations of observed trajectories from the simulated system to identify branching points, at which the systems behavior cannot be explained by the underlying set of hypotheses anymore. Our procedure reflects a successful strategy for generating a fully digital liver twin that, among others, permits to test perturbations from the molecular up to the tissue scale. The model simulations are complementing current knowledge on liver regeneration by identifying gaps in mechanistic relationships and guiding the system toward the most informative (lacking) parameters that can be experimentally addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieling Zhao
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University of Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Group SIMBIOTX, INRIA Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Ahmed Ghallab
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University of Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Reham Hassan
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University of Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Steven Dooley
- Molecular Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jan Georg Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University of Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dirk Drasdo
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University of Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Group SIMBIOTX, INRIA Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
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Campaña MB, Perkins MR, McCabe MC, Neumann A, Larson ED, Fantauzzo KA. PDGFRα/β heterodimer activation negatively affects downstream ERK1/2 signaling and cellular proliferation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.27.573428. [PMID: 38234806 PMCID: PMC10793460 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.27.573428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases allows cells to communicate with one another by binding to growth factors at the plasma membrane and activating intracellular signaling pathways to elicit responses such as migration, proliferation, survival and differentiation. The PDGFR family consists of two receptors, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ, that dimerize to form PDGFRα homodimers, PDGFRα/β heterodimers and PDGFRβ homodimers. Here, we overcame prior technical limitations in visualizing and purifying PDGFRα/β heterodimers by generating a cell line stably expressing C-terminal fusions of PDGFRα and PDGFRβ with bimolecular fluorescence complementation fragments corresponding to the N-terminal and C-terminal regions of the Venus fluorescent protein, respectively. We found that these receptors heterodimerize relatively quickly in response to PDGF-BB ligand treatment, with a peak of receptor autophosphorylation following 5 minutes of ligand stimulation. Moreover, we demonstrated that PDGFRα/β heterodimers are rapidly internalized into early endosomes, particularly signaling endosomes, where they dwell for extended lengths of time. We showed that PDGFRα/β heterodimer activation does not induce downstream phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and significantly inhibits cell proliferation. Further, we characterized the PDGFR dimer-specific interactome and identified MYO1D as a novel protein that preferentially binds PDGFRα/β heterodimers. We demonstrated that knockdown of MYO1D leads to retention of PDGFRα/β heterodimers at the plasma membrane, resulting in increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and increased cell proliferation. Collectively, our findings impart valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms by which specificity is introduced downstream of PDGFR activation to differentially propagate signaling and generate distinct cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria B. Campaña
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Madison R. Perkins
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maxwell C. McCabe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Andrew Neumann
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Eric D. Larson
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katherine A. Fantauzzo
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Gerritsen JS, Faraguna JS, Bonavia R, Furnari FB, White FM. Predictive data-driven modeling of C-terminal tyrosine function in the EGFR signaling network. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201466. [PMID: 37169593 PMCID: PMC10176108 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been studied extensively because of its critical role in cellular signaling and association with disease. Previous models have elucidated interactions between EGFR and downstream adaptor proteins or showed phenotypes affected by EGFR. However, the link between specific EGFR phosphorylation sites and phenotypic outcomes is still poorly understood. Here, we employed a suite of isogenic cell lines expressing site-specific mutations at each of the EGFR C-terminal phosphorylation sites to interrogate their role in the signaling network and cell biological response to stimulation. Our results demonstrate the resilience of the EGFR network, which was largely similar even in the context of multiple Y-to-F mutations in the EGFR C-terminal tail, while also revealing nodes in the network that have not previously been linked to EGFR signaling. Our data-driven model highlights the signaling network nodes associated with distinct EGF-driven cell responses, including migration, proliferation, and receptor trafficking. Application of this same approach to less-studied RTKs should provide a plethora of novel associations that should lead to an improved understanding of these signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline S Gerritsen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joseph S Faraguna
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rudy Bonavia
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Frank B Furnari
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Forest M White
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Hardin LT, Vang D, Thor D, Han X, Mashkoor F, Alpagot T, Ojcius DM, Xiao N. Cigarette smoking exposure disrupts the regenerative potential of dental pulp stem cells. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:101. [PMID: 37533959 PMCID: PMC10392041 DOI: 10.18332/tid/168125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smoking is known to alter the regenerative and immunomodulatory properties of many types of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This study investigates the impact of cigarette smoke exposure on the regenerative potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). METHODS DPSCs were treated with various doses of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) or nicotine. Cell proliferation and survival were evaluated by a water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) and a survival assay. DPSC migration, cytokine expression, mutagenesis, and the signaling pathway were also measured during CSC and nicotine treatment. RESULTS Low concentrations of CSC and nicotine did not impair cell proliferation, but higher concentrations reduced cell proliferation. CSC and nicotine could impede DPSC survival and migration in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the cytokine secretion expression profile was altered with CSC or nicotine treatments. In particular, secretion of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 significantly increased, while TGF-β1 levels showed different patterns after exposure to CSC or nicotine, as shown by ELISA and quantitative PCR. Nicotine treatment increased AKT (also known as protein kinase B) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. Finally, CSC induced higher levels of mutagenicity than nicotine, as shown by the Ames test. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that cigarette smoke exposure alters the regenerative abilities of DPSCs in various ways. Future studies are warranted to further characterize the underlying molecular mechanisms of smoking-mediated damage to DPSCs, which will guide the personalized stem cell treatment plan for smoking patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Tahrani Hardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, United States
| | - David Vang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, United States
| | - Der Thor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, United States
| | - Xiaoyuan Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, United States
| | - Fatima Mashkoor
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, United States
| | - Tamer Alpagot
- Department of Periodontics, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, United States
| | - David M. Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, United States
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, United States
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Hume RD, Deshmukh T, Doan T, Shim WJ, Kanagalingam S, Tallapragada V, Rashid F, Marcuello M, Blessing D, Selvakumar D, Raguram K, Pathan F, Graham D, Ounzain S, Kizana E, Harvey RP, Palpant NJ, Chong JJ. PDGF-AB Reduces Myofibroblast Differentiation Without Increasing Proliferation After Myocardial Infarction. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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8
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Xu S, Liu Y, Zhang D, Huang H, Li J, Wei J, Yang Y, Cui Y, Xie J, Zhou X. PDGF-AA promotes gap junction intercellular communication in chondrocytes via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:544-558. [PMID: 35152816 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2036733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) plays an important role in cell growth, development and homeostasis. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is an important half-channel protein responsible for gap junction formation. Platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF-AA) regulates the proliferation, migration, metabolism, apoptosis and cell cycle of chondrocytes. However, the role of PDGF-AA in gap junction intercellular communication in chondrocytes is not fully understood. In the current study, we performed experiments to explore the effect of PDGF-AA on GJIC and its underlying biomechanical mechanism. METHODS qPCR was performed to determine the expression of PDGF, PDGFR and connexin family genes in chondrocytes and/or cartilage. A scrape loading/dye transfer assay was used to determine GJIC. Western blot analysis was applied to detect the expression of Cx43 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway proteins. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to examine protein distribution. Scanning electron microscopy was used to delineate the morphology of chondrocytes. RESULTS Expression of PDGF-A mRNA was highest among the PDGF family in chondrocytes and cartilage tissues. PDGF-AA promoted functional GJIC formation in chondrocytes by upregulating the expression of Cx43. Enhanced functional GJIC formation in chondrocytes induced by PDGF-AA occurred through the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling and its nuclear accumulation. CONCLUSION For the first time, this study provides evidence demonstrating the role of PDGF-AA in cell-to-cell communication in chondrocytes through mediating Cx43 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongcan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiachi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieya Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Rogers MA, Campaña MB, Long R, Fantauzzo KA. PDGFR dimer-specific activation, trafficking and downstream signaling dynamics. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs259686. [PMID: 35946433 PMCID: PMC9482349 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling through the platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) plays a critical role in multiple cellular processes during development. The two PDGFRs, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ, dimerize to form homodimers and/or heterodimers. Here, we overcome previous limitations in studying PDGFR dimer-specific dynamics by generating cell lines stably expressing C-terminal fusions of each PDGFR with bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) fragments corresponding to the N-terminal or C-terminal regions of the Venus fluorescent protein. We find that PDGFRβ receptors homodimerize more quickly than PDGFRα receptors in response to PDGF ligand, with increased levels of autophosphorylation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PDGFRα homodimers are trafficked and degraded more quickly, whereas PDGFRβ homodimers are more likely to be recycled back to the cell membrane. We show that PDGFRβ homodimer activation results in a greater amplitude of phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-AKT signaling, as well as increased proliferation and migration. Finally, we demonstrate that inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis leads to changes in cellular trafficking and downstream signaling, particularly for PDGFRα homodimers. Collectively, our findings provide significant insight into how biological specificity is introduced to generate unique responses downstream of PDGFR engagement. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katherine A. Fantauzzo
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Green tea polyphenols in cardiometabolic health: A critical appraisal on phytogenomics towards personalized green tea. PHARMANUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Endocytic trafficking of GAS6-AXL complexes is associated with sustained AKT activation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:316. [PMID: 35622156 PMCID: PMC9135597 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04312-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AXL, a TAM receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), and its ligand growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6) are implicated in cancer metastasis and drug resistance, and cellular entry of viruses. Given this, AXL is an attractive therapeutic target, and its inhibitors are being tested in cancer and COVID-19 clinical trials. Still, astonishingly little is known about intracellular mechanisms that control its function. Here, we characterized endocytosis of AXL, a process known to regulate intracellular functions of RTKs. Consistent with the notion that AXL is a primary receptor for GAS6, its depletion was sufficient to block GAS6 internalization. We discovered that upon receptor ligation, GAS6–AXL complexes were rapidly internalized via several endocytic pathways including both clathrin-mediated and clathrin-independent routes, among the latter the CLIC/GEEC pathway and macropinocytosis. The internalization of AXL was strictly dependent on its kinase activity. In comparison to other RTKs, AXL was endocytosed faster and the majority of the internalized receptor was not degraded but rather recycled via SNX1-positive endosomes. This trafficking pattern coincided with sustained AKT activation upon GAS6 stimulation. Specifically, reduced internalization of GAS6–AXL upon the CLIC/GEEC downregulation intensified, whereas impaired recycling due to depletion of SNX1 and SNX2 attenuated AKT signaling. Altogether, our data uncover the coupling between AXL endocytic trafficking and AKT signaling upon GAS6 stimulation. Moreover, our study provides a rationale for pharmacological inhibition of AXL in antiviral therapy as viruses utilize GAS6–AXL-triggered endocytosis to enter cells.
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Richardson DS, Spehar JM, Han DT, Chakravarthy PA, Sizemore ST. The RAL Enigma: Distinct Roles of RALA and RALB in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101645. [PMID: 35626682 PMCID: PMC9139244 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RALA and RALB are highly homologous small G proteins belonging to the RAS superfamily. Like other small GTPases, the RALs are molecular switches that can be toggled between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states to regulate diverse and critical cellular functions such as vesicle trafficking, filopodia formation, mitochondrial fission, and cytokinesis. The RAL paralogs are activated and inactivated by a shared set of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and utilize similar sets of downstream effectors. In addition to their important roles in normal cell biology, the RALs are known to be critical mediators of cancer cell survival, invasion, migration, and metastasis. However, despite their substantial similarities, the RALs often display striking functional disparities in cancer. RALA and RALB can have redundant, unique, or even antagonistic functions depending on cancer type. The molecular basis for these discrepancies remains an important unanswered question in the field of cancer biology. In this review we examine the functions of the RAL paralogs in normal cellular physiology and cancer biology with special consideration provided to situations where the roles of RALA and RALB are non-redundant.
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Oct4 dependent chromatin activation is required for chicken primordial germ cell migration. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2535-2546. [PMID: 35397052 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the undifferentiated progenitors of the gametes. Unlike the poor maintenance of cultured mammalian PGCs, the avian PGCs can be expanded in vitro indefinitely while preserving pluripotency and germline competence. In mammals, the Oct4 is the master transcription factor that ensures the stemness of pluripotent cells such as PGCs, but the specific function of Oct4 in chicken PGCs remains unclear. As expected, the loss of Oct4 in chicken PGCs reduced the expression of key pluripotency factors and promoted the genes involved in endoderm and ectoderm differentiation. Furthermore, the global active chromatin was reduced as shown by the depletion of the H3K27ac upon Oct4 suppression. Interestingly, the de-activated chromatin caused the down-regulation of adjacent genes which are mostly known regulators of cell junction, chemotaxis and cell migration. Consequently, the Oct4-deficient PGCs show impaired cell migration and could not colonize the gonads when re-introduced into the bloodstream of the embryo. We propose that, in addition to maintaining pluripotency, the Oct4 mediated chromatin activation is dictating chicken PGC migration.
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Samson SC, Khan AM, Mendoza MC. ERK signaling for cell migration and invasion. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:998475. [PMID: 36262472 PMCID: PMC9573968 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.998475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The RAS - Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (RAS-ERK) pathway plays a conserved role in promoting cell migration and invasion. Growth factors, adhesion, and oncogenes activate ERK. While historically studied with respect to its control of cell proliferation and differentiation, the signaling pattern and effectors specific for cell migration are now coming to light. New advances in pathway probes have revealed how steady-state ERK activity fluctuates within individual cells and propagates to neighboring cells. We review new findings on the different modes of ERK pathway stimulation and how an increased baseline level of activity promotes single cell and collective migration and invasion. We discuss how ERK drives actin polymerization and adhesion turnover for edge protrusion and how cell contraction stimulates cell movement and ERK activity waves in epithelial sheets. With the steady development of new biosensors for monitoring spatial and temporal ERK activity, determining how cells individually interpret the multiple in vivo signals to ERK is within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiela C Samson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Akib M Khan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Michelle C Mendoza
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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15
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Secretome from In Vitro Mechanically Loaded Myoblasts Induces Tenocyte Migration, Transition to a Fibroblastic Phenotype and Suppression of Collagen Production. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313089. [PMID: 34884895 PMCID: PMC8657858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that mechanical loading of muscles increases the strength of healing tendon tissue, but the mechanism involved remains elusive. We hypothesized that the secretome from myoblasts in co-culture with tenocytes affects tenocyte migration, cell phenotype, and collagen (Col) production and that the effect is dependent on different types of mechanical loading of myoblasts. To test this, we used an in vitro indirect transwell co-culture system. Myoblasts were mechanically loaded using the FlexCell® Tension system. Tenocyte cell migration, proliferation, apoptosis, collagen production, and several tenocyte markers were measured. The secretome from myoblasts decreased the Col I/III ratio and increased the expression of tenocyte specific markers as compared with tenocytes cultured alone. The secretome from statically loaded myoblasts significantly enhanced tenocyte migration and Col I/III ratio as compared with dynamic loading and controls. In addition, the secretome from statically loaded myoblasts induced tenocytes towards a myofibroblast-like phenotype. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the secretome from statically loaded myoblasts has a profound influence on tenocytes, affecting parameters that are related to the tendon healing process.
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16
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Mechelinck M, Peschel M, Habigt MA, Kroy D, Lehrke M, Helmedag MJ, Rossaint R, Barton M, Hein M. Serum from Patients with Severe Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis Inhibits Proliferation and Migration of Human Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10235471. [PMID: 34884173 PMCID: PMC8658341 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10235471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis has been associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease and clinical complications following percutaneous coronary revascularization. The present study is based on the hypothesis that cirrhosis may influence intimal hyperplasia following PCI. Sera from 10 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and 10 age-matched healthy controls were used to stimulate cultured human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC) for 48 h. HCASMC proliferation, migration, gene expression and apoptosis were investigated. Serum concentrations of growth factors and markers of liver function were also determined in patients and healthy controls. Treatment of HCASMC with patient sera reduced cell proliferation and migration (p < 0.05 vs. healthy controls), whereas apoptosis was unaffected (p = 0.160). Expression of genes associated with a synthetic vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype was decreased in cells stimulated with serum from cirrhotic patients (RBP1, p = 0.001; SPP1, p = 0.003; KLF4, p = 0.004). Platelet-derived growth factor-BB serum concentrations were lower in patients (p = 0.001 vs. controls). The results suggest the presence of circulating factors in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis affecting coronary smooth muscle cell growth. These findings may have implications for clinical outcomes following percutaneous coronary revascularization in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mare Mechelinck
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Miriam Peschel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Moriz A. Habigt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Daniela Kroy
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Michael Lehrke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Marius J. Helmedag
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Rolf Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Matthias Barton
- Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
- Andreas Grüntzig Foundation, 8001 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marc Hein
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.H.); (R.R.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Evaluation of Wound Healing Potential of Novel Hydrogel Based on Ocimum basilicum and Trifolium pratense Extracts. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9112096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are an inexhaustible source of compounds with different medicinal properties, suitable as alternative options for the prevention and treatment of various pathologies. They are safe, effective and economical. In this paper, a combined extract made of Ocimum basilicum and Trifolium pratense extracts (EOT) was used for the first time to demonstrate its healing effect on dermal pathologies. To evaluate the wound healing effect of EOT, a novel gel formulation was prepared and subsequently tested in vitro (using the scratch test assay) and in vivo (on an animal model). The in vitro tests demonstrated the complete recovery of the dermal fibroblast monolayer when treated with EOT in a concentration of 50 µg/mL. In vivo results using a hydrogel formulation based on EOT demonstrated improved wound contraction time and complete healing after 13 days of treatment. Moreover, a clinical case of Psoriasis vulgaris was presented, in which one week of treatment led to the significant improvement of the patient’s health. In conclusion, the topical use of the novel gel formulation containing EOT is a successful therapeutic alternative in the treatment of dermal diseases.
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18
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Zhang Z, Liu X, Shen Z, Quan J, Lin C, Li X, Hu G. Endostatin in fibrosis and as a potential candidate of anti-fibrotic therapy. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:2051-2061. [PMID: 34595978 PMCID: PMC8491667 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1983071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases pose significant clinical challenges due to their broadness and complexity. Thus, a better understanding of fibrogenesis and the development of more effective treatments is imperative. Recent evidence suggests a significant antifibrotic potential of an endogenous glycoprotein, endostatin. While endostatin has been widely studied for its role as an anticancer adjuvant by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, its possible implication in fibrosis remains largely unclear. Here, we review the role of endostatin in various cellular processes and highlight its antifibrotic activity. We hypothesize that endostatin conveys a homeostatic function in the process of fibrosis by regulating (a) TGF-β1 and its downstream signaling; (b) RhoA/ROCK pathway; (c) NF-κB signaling pathway; (d) expression of EGR-1; (e) PDGF/PDGFR pathway; (f) autophagy-related pathways; (g) pathways associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis. Finally, we propose a schematic model of the antifibrotic roles and mechanisms of endostatin; also, we outline future research directions of endostatin and aim to present a potential therapeutic approach for fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zequn Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaolong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Quan
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Changwei Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gui Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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19
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Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Induces SASP-Associated Gene Expression in Human Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells but Does Not Promote Cell Senescence. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101290. [PMID: 34680406 PMCID: PMC8533296 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is a central part of tissue response to damage. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB), which is abundantly released in the damaged area, potently stimulates the proliferation and migration of MSCs. Recent evidence indicates that tissue injury is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells, including ones of MSC origin. Therefore, we hypothesized that PDGF-BB induces MSC senescence. To evaluate mechanisms of early activation of MSCs by PDGF-BB, we performed transcriptome profiling of human MSCs isolated from adipose tissue after exposure to PDGF-BB for 12 and 24 h. We demonstrated that PDGF-BB induced the expression of several genes encoding the components of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in MSCs such as plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its receptor (uPA and uPAR), and some matrix metalloproteases. However, further experimental validation of transcriptomic data clearly indicated that PDGF-BB exerted mitogenic and pro-migratory effects on MSCs, and augmented their pro-angiogenic activity, but did not significantly stimulate MSC senescence.
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20
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Sigismund S, Lanzetti L, Scita G, Di Fiore PP. Endocytosis in the context-dependent regulation of individual and collective cell properties. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:625-643. [PMID: 34075221 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis allows cells to transport particles and molecules across the plasma membrane. In addition, it is involved in the termination of signalling through receptor downmodulation and degradation. This traditional outlook has been substantially modified in recent years by discoveries that endocytosis and subsequent trafficking routes have a profound impact on the positive regulation and propagation of signals, being key for the spatiotemporal regulation of signal transmission in cells. Accordingly, endocytosis and membrane trafficking regulate virtually every aspect of cell physiology and are frequently subverted in pathological conditions. Two key aspects of endocytic control over signalling are coming into focus: context-dependency and long-range effects. First, endocytic-regulated outputs are not stereotyped but heavily dependent on the cell-specific regulation of endocytic networks. Second, endocytic regulation has an impact not only on individual cells but also on the behaviour of cellular collectives. Herein, we will discuss recent advancements in these areas, highlighting how endocytic trafficking impacts complex cell properties, including cell polarity and collective cell migration, and the relevance of these mechanisms to disease, in particular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sigismund
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Lanzetti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Scita
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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21
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Brüggemann Y, Karajannis LS, Stanoev A, Stallaert W, Bastiaens PIH. Growth factor-dependent ErbB vesicular dynamics couple receptor signaling to spatially and functionally distinct Erk pools. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/683/eabd9943. [PMID: 34006609 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abd9943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Growth factor-dependent vesicular dynamics allow cells to regulate the spatial distribution of growth factor receptors and thereby their coupling to downstream signaling effectors that guide cellular responses. We found that the ErbB ligands epidermal growth factor (EGF) and heregulin (HRG) generated distinct spatiotemporal patterns of cognate receptor activities to activate distinct subcellular pools of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk). Sustained plasma membrane activity of the receptor tyrosine kinases ErbB2/ErbB3 signaled to Erk complexed with the scaffold protein KSR to promote promigratory EphA2 phosphorylation and cellular motility upon HRG stimulation. In contrast, receptor-saturating EGF stimuli caused proliferation-inducing transient activation of cytoplasmic Erk due to the rapid internalization of EGF receptors (EGFR or ErbB1) toward endosomes. Paradoxically, promigratory signaling mediated by Erk complexed to KSR was sustained at low EGF concentrations by vesicular recycling that maintained steady-state amounts of active, phosphorylated EGFR at the plasma membrane. Thus, the effect of ligand identity and concentration on determining ErbB vesicular dynamics constitutes a mechanism by which cells can transduce growth factor composition through spatially distinct Erk pools to enable functionally diverse cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Brüggemann
- Department of Systemic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str.11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lisa S Karajannis
- Department of Systemic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str.11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Angel Stanoev
- Department of Systemic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str.11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Wayne Stallaert
- Department of Systemic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str.11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Philippe I H Bastiaens
- Department of Systemic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str.11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany. .,Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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22
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Contreras O, Córdova-Casanova A, Brandan E. PDGF-PDGFR network differentially regulates the fate, migration, proliferation, and cell cycle progression of myogenic cells. Cell Signal 2021; 84:110036. [PMID: 33971280 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) regulate embryonic development, tissue regeneration, and wound healing through their binding to PDGF receptors, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ. However, the role of PDGF signaling in regulating muscle development and regeneration remains elusive, and the cellular and molecular responses of myogenic cells are understudied. Here, we explore the PDGF-PDGFR gene expression changes and their involvement in skeletal muscle myogenesis and myogenic fate. By surveying bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell profiling data of skeletal muscle stem cells, we show that myogenic progenitors and muscle stem cells differentially express PDGF ligands and PDGF receptors during myogenesis. Quiescent adult muscle stem cells and myoblasts preferentially express PDGFRβ over PDGFRα. Remarkably, cell culture- and injury-induced muscle stem cell activation altered PDGF family gene expression. In myoblasts, PDGF-AB and PDGF-BB treatments activate two pro-chemotactic and pro-mitogenic downstream transducers, RAS-ERK1/2 and PI3K-AKT. PDGFRs inhibitor AG1296 inhibited ERK1/2 and AKT activation, myoblast migration, proliferation, and cell cycle progression induced by PDGF-AB and PDGF-BB. We also found that AG1296 causes myoblast G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Remarkably, PDGF-AA did not promote a noticeable ERK1/2 or AKT activation, myoblast migration, or expansion. Also, myogenic differentiation reduced the expression of both PDGFRα and PDGFRβ, whereas forced PDGFRα expression impaired myogenesis. Thus, our data highlight PDGF signaling pathway to stimulate satellite cell proliferation aiming to enhance skeletal muscle regeneration and provide a deeper understanding of the role of PDGF signaling in non-fibroblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Contreras
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile.
| | - Adriana Córdova-Casanova
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Brandan
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; Fundación Ciencia & Vida, 7780272 Santiago, Chile
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23
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Sterile inflammation in the pathogenesis of maturation failure of arteriovenous fistula. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:729-741. [PMID: 33666676 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a widespread terminal illness that afflicts millions of people across the world. Hemodialysis is the predominant therapeutic management strategy for kidney failure and involves the external filtration of metabolic waste within the circulation. This process requires an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for vascular access. However, AVF maturation failures are significant obstacles in establishing long-term vascular access for hemodialysis. Appropriate stimulation, activation, and proliferation of smooth muscle cells, proper endothelial cell orientation, adequate structural changes in the ECM, and the release of anti-inflammatory markers are associated with maturation. AVFs often fail to mature due to inadequate tissue repair and remodeling, leading to neointimal hyperplasia lesions. The transdifferentiation of myofibroblasts and sterile inflammation are possibly involved in AVF maturation failures; however, limited data is available in this regard. The present article critically reviews the interplay of various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and the downstream sterile inflammatory signaling with a focus on the NLRP3 inflammasome. Improved knowledge concerning AVF maturation pathways can be unveiled by investigating the novel DAMPs and the mediators of sterile inflammation in vascular remodeling that would open improved therapeutic opportunities in the management of AVF maturation failures and its associated complications.
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24
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The emerging complexity of PDGFRs: activation, internalization and signal attenuation. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:1167-1176. [PMID: 32369556 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases allows cells to communicate with the environment to regulate diverse cellular activities. Here, we highlight recent data investigating the structural makeup of individual PDGFRs upon activation, revealing the importance of the whole receptor in the propagation of extracellular ligand binding and dimerization. Furthermore, we review ongoing research demonstrating the significance of receptor internalization and signal attenuation in the regulation of PDGFR activity. Interactions with internalization machinery, signaling from endosomes, receptor degradation and receptor recycling are physiological means by which cells fine-tune PDGFR responses to growth factor stimulation. In this review, we discuss the biophysical, structural, in silico and biochemical data that have provided evidence for these mechanisms. We further highlight the commonalities and differences between PDGFRα and PDGFRβ signaling, revealing critical gaps in knowledge. In total, this review provides a conclusive summary on the state of the PDGFR field and underscores the need for novel techniques to fully elucidate the mechanisms of PDGFR activation, internalization and signal attenuation.
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25
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Deptuła M, Karpowicz P, Wardowska A, Sass P, Sosnowski P, Mieczkowska A, Filipowicz N, Dzierżyńska M, Sawicka J, Nowicka E, Langa P, Schumacher A, Cichorek M, Zieliński J, Kondej K, Kasprzykowski F, Czupryn A, Janus Ł, Mucha P, Skowron P, Piotrowski A, Sachadyn P, Rodziewicz-Motowidło S, Pikuła M. Development of a Peptide Derived from Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF-BB) into a Potential Drug Candidate for the Treatment of Wounds. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2020; 9:657-675. [PMID: 33124966 PMCID: PMC7698658 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2019.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study evaluated the use of novel peptides derived from platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) as potential wound healing stimulants. One of the compounds (named PDGF2) was subjected for further research after cytotoxicity and proliferation assays on human skin cells. Further investigation included evaluation of: migration and chemotaxis of skin cells, immunological and allergic safety, the transcriptional analyses of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and dermal fibroblasts stimulated with PDGF2, and the use of dorsal skin wound injury model to evaluate the effect of wound healing in mice. Approach: Colorimetric lactate dehydrogenase and tetrazolium assays were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity and the effect on proliferation. PDGF2 effect on migration and chemotaxis was also checked. Immunological safety and allergic potential were evaluated with a lymphocyte activation and basophil activation test. Transcriptional profiles of ASCs and primary fibroblasts were assessed after stimulation with PDGF2. Eight-week-old BALB/c female mice were used for dorsal skin wound injury model. Results: PDGF2 showed low cytotoxicity, pro-proliferative effects on human skin cells, high immunological safety, and accelerated wound healing in mouse model. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis of ASCs and fibroblasts revealed the activation of processes involved in wound healing and indicated its safety. Innovation: A novel peptide derived from PDGF-BB was proved to be safe drug candidate in wound healing. We also present a multifaceted in vitro model for the initial screening of new compounds that may be potentially useful in wound healing stimulation. Conclusion: The results show that peptide derived from PDGF-BB is a promising drug candidate for wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Deptuła
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Przemysław Karpowicz
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Wardowska
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr Sass
- Laboratory for Regenerative Biotechnology, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Paweł Sosnowski
- Laboratory for Regenerative Biotechnology, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | | | - Maria Dzierżyńska
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Justyna Sawicka
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Nowicka
- Department of Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Paulina Langa
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | | | - Jacek Zieliński
- Department of Surgical Oncology, and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karolina Kondej
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Artur Czupryn
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Mucha
- Department of Biochemistry, and Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr Skowron
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Sachadyn
- Laboratory for Regenerative Biotechnology, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Michał Pikuła
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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26
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Boolean model of anchorage dependence and contact inhibition points to coordinated inhibition but semi-independent induction of proliferation and migration. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:2145-2165. [PMID: 32913583 PMCID: PMC7451872 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells respond to their physical neighborhood with mechano-sensitive behaviors required for development and tissue maintenance. These include anchorage dependence, matrix stiffness-dependent proliferation, contact inhibition of proliferation and migration, and collective migration that balances cell crawling with the maintenance of cell junctions. While required for development and tissue repair, these coordinated responses to the microenvironment also contribute to cancer metastasis. Predictive models of the signaling networks that coordinate these behaviors are critical in controlling cell behavior to halt disease. Here we propose a Boolean regulatory network model that synthesizes mechanosensitive signaling that links anchorage to a matrix of varying stiffness and cell density sensing to contact inhibition, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Our model can reproduce anchorage dependence and anoikis, detachment-induced cytokinesis errors, the effect of matrix stiffness on proliferation, and contact inhibition of proliferation and migration by two mechanisms that converge on the YAP transcription factor. In addition, we offer testable predictions related to cell cycle-dependent anoikis sensitivity, the molecular requirements for abolishing contact inhibition, and substrate stiffness dependent expression of the catalytic subunit of PI3K. Moreover, our model predicts heterogeneity in migratory vs. non-migratory phenotypes in sub-confluent monolayers, and co-inhibition but semi-independent induction of proliferation vs. migration as a function of cell density and mitogenic stimulation. Our model serves as a stepping-stone towards modeling mechanosensitive routes to the epithelial to mesenchymal transition, capturing the effects of the mesenchymal state on anoikis resistance, and understanding the balance between migration versus proliferation at each stage of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition.
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27
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Hoang DH, Nguyen TD, Nguyen HP, Nguyen XH, Do PTX, Dang VD, Dam PTM, Bui HTH, Trinh MQ, Vu DM, Hoang NTM, Thanh LN, Than UTT. Differential Wound Healing Capacity of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Originated From Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue and Umbilical Cord Under Serum- and Xeno-Free Condition. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:119. [PMID: 32671095 PMCID: PMC7327117 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-scale and closed membrane vesicles which are promising for therapeutic applications due to exosome-enclosed therapeutic molecules such as DNA, small RNAs, proteins and lipids. Recently, it has been demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes have capacity to regulate many biological events associated with wound healing process, such as cell proliferation, cell migration and blood vessel formation. This study investigated the regenerative potentials for cutaneous tissue, in regard to growth factors associated with wound healing and skin cell proliferation and migration, by exosomes released from primary MSCs originated from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AD), and umbilical cord (UC) under serum- and xeno-free condition. We found crucial wound healing-mediated growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) in exosomes derived from all three MSC sources. However, expression levels of these growth factors in exosomes were influenced by MSC origins, especially transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) was only detected in UCMSC-derived exosomes. All exosomes released by three MSCs sources induced keratinocyte and fibroblast proliferation and migration; and, the induction of cell migration is a dependent manner with the higher dose of exosomes was used (20 μg), the faster migration rate was observed. Additionally, the influences of exosomes on cell proliferation and migration was associated with exosome origins and also target cells of exosomes that the greatest induction of primary dermal fibroblasts belongs to BMMSC-derived exosomes and keratinocytes belongs to UCMSC-derived exosomes. Data from this study indicated that BMMSCs and UCMSCs under clinical condition secreted exosomes are promising to develop into therapeutic products for wound healing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diem Huong Hoang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tu Dac Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Vinmec Hightech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang-Phuong Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Xuan-Hung Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thi Xuan Do
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,University of Science, Viet Nam University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Duc Dang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,University of Science, Viet Nam University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thi Minh Dam
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hue Thi Hong Bui
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mai Quynh Trinh
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc Minh Vu
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nhung Thi My Hoang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,University of Science, Viet Nam University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Liem Nguyen Thanh
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Uyen Thi Trang Than
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.,College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam
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28
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Thapa RK, Margolis DJ, Kiick KL, Sullivan MO. Enhanced wound healing via collagen-turnover-driven transfer of PDGF-BB gene in a murine wound model. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:3500-3517. [PMID: 32656505 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex biological process that requires coordinated cell proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix production/remodeling, all of which are inhibited/delayed in chronic wounds. In this study, a formulation was developed that marries a fibrin-based, provisional-like matrix with collagen mimetic peptide (CMP)/PDGF gene-modified collagens, leading to the formation of robust gels that supported temporally controlled PDGF expression and facile application within the wound bed. Analysis employing in vitro co-gel scaffolds confirmed sustained and temporally controlled gene release based on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, with ~30% higher PDGF expression in MMP producing fibroblasts as-compared with non-MMP-expressing cells. The integration of fibrin with the gene-modified collagens resulted in co-gels that strongly supported both fibroblast cell recruitment/invasion as well as multiple aspects of the longer-term healing process. The excisional wound healing studies in mice established faster wound closure using CMP-modified PDGF polyplex-loaded co-gels, which exhibited up to 24% more wound closure (achieved with ~2 orders of magnitude lower growth factor dosing) after 9 days as compared to PDGF-loaded co-gels, and 19% more wound closure after 9 days as compared to CMP-free polyplex loaded co-gels. Moreover, minimal scar formation as well as improved collagen production, myofibroblast activity, and collagen orientation was observed following CMP-modified PDGF polyplex-loaded co-gel application on wounds. Taken together, the combined properties of the co-gels, including their stability and capacity to control both cell recruitment and cell phenotype within the murine wound bed, strongly supports the potential of the co-gel scaffolds for improved treatment of chronic non-healing wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Thapa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
| | - David J Margolis
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Kristi L Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
| | - Millicent O Sullivan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
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29
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Yamamoto Y, Kojima K, Taura D, Sone M, Washida K, Egawa N, Kondo T, Minakawa EN, Tsukita K, Enami T, Tomimoto H, Mizuno T, Kalaria RN, Inagaki N, Takahashi R, Harada-Shiba M, Ihara M, Inoue H. Human iPS cell-derived mural cells as an in vitro model of hereditary cerebral small vessel disease. Mol Brain 2020; 13:38. [PMID: 32188464 PMCID: PMC7081541 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00573-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is one of the most common forms of hereditary cerebral small vessel diseases and is caused by mutations in NOTCH3. Our group has previously reported incorporation of NOTCH3 extracellular domain (N3ECD) in the CADASIL-specific granular osmiophilic materials and increase of PDGFRβ immunoreactivity in CADASIL postmortem brains. Here, we aimed to establish an in vitro model of CADASIL, which can recapitulate those CADASIL phenotypes, using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We have refined a differentiation protocol of endothelial cells to obtain mature mural cells (MCs) with their characteristic properties. iPSCs from three CADASIL patients with p.Arg182Cys, p.Arg141Cys and p.Cys106Arg mutations were differentiated into MCs and their functional and molecular profiles were compared. The differentiated CADASIL MCs recapitulated pathogenic changes reported previously: increased PDGFRβ and abnormal structure/distribution of filamentous actin network, as well as N3ECD/LTBP-1/HtrA1-immunopositive deposits. Migration rate of CADASIL MCs was enhanced but suppressed by knockdown of NOTCH3 or PDGFRB. CADASIL MCs showed altered reactivity to PDGF-BB. Patient-derived MCs can recapitulate CADASIL pathology and are therefore useful in understanding the pathogenesis and developing potential treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Yamamoto
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibeshinmachi, Suita-shi, Osaka, 564-0018, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Kojima
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Sone
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Washida
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibeshinmachi, Suita-shi, Osaka, 564-0018, Japan
| | - Naohiro Egawa
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,iPSC-based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kondo
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,iPSC-based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan.,Medical-risk Avoidance based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiko N Minakawa
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Kayoko Tsukita
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,iPSC-based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takako Enami
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Medical-risk Avoidance based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tomimoto
- Department of Dementia Prevention and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mizuno
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Raj N Kalaria
- Neurovascular Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibeshinmachi, Suita-shi, Osaka, 564-0018, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibeshinmachi, Suita-shi, Osaka, 564-0018, Japan.
| | - Haruhisa Inoue
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. .,iPSC-based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan. .,Medical-risk Avoidance based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan.
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30
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Pham QL, Tong A, Rodrigues LN, Zhao Y, Surblyte M, Ramos D, Brito J, Rahematpura A, Voronov RS. Ranking migration cue contributions to guiding individual fibroblasts faced with a directional decision in simple microfluidic bifurcations. Integr Biol (Camb) 2020; 11:208-220. [PMID: 31251334 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyz018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Directed cell migration in complex micro-environments, such as in vivo pores, is important for predicting locations of artificial tissue growth and optimizing scaffold architectures. Yet, the directional decisions of cells facing multiple physiochemical cues have not been characterized. Hence, we aim to provide a ranking of the relative importance of the following cues to the decision-making of individual fibroblast cells: chemoattractant concentration gradient, channel width, mitosis, and contact-guidance. In this study, bifurcated micro-channels with branches of different widths were created. Fibroblasts were then allowed to travel across these geometries by following a gradient of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) established inside the channels. Subsequently, a combination of statistical analysis and image-based diffusion modeling was used to report how the presence of multiple complex migration cues, including cell-cell influences, affect the fibroblast decision-making. It was found that the cells prefer wider channels over a higher chemoattractant gradient when choosing between asymmetric bifurcated branches. Only when the branches were symmetric in width did the gradient become predominant in directing which path the cell will take. Furthermore, when both the gradient and the channels were symmetric, contact guidance became important for guiding the cells in making directional choices. Based on these results we were able to rank these directional cues from most influential to the least as follows: mitosis > channel width asymmetry > chemoattractant gradient difference > and contact-guidance. It is expected that these results will benefit the fields of regenerative medicine, wound healing and developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Long Pham
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Anh Tong
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Lydia N Rodrigues
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Migle Surblyte
- Ying Wu College of Computing Sciences, Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Diomar Ramos
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - John Brito
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Adwik Rahematpura
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Roman S Voronov
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
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31
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Thottacherry JJ, Sathe M, Prabhakara C, Mayor S. Spoiled for Choice: Diverse Endocytic Pathways Function at the Cell Surface. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2019; 35:55-84. [PMID: 31283376 PMCID: PMC6917507 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100617-062710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis has long been identified as a key cellular process involved in bringing in nutrients, in clearing cellular debris in tissue, in the regulation of signaling, and in maintaining cell membrane compositional homeostasis. While clathrin-mediated endocytosis has been most extensively studied, a number of clathrin-independent endocytic pathways are continuing to be delineated. Here we provide a current survey of the different types of endocytic pathways available at the cell surface and discuss a new classification and plausible molecular mechanisms for some of the less characterized pathways. Along with an evolutionary perspective of the origins of some of these pathways, we provide an appreciation of the distinct roles that these pathways play in various aspects of cellular physiology, including the control of signaling and membrane tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Jose Thottacherry
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Mugdha Sathe
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Chaitra Prabhakara
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Satyajit Mayor
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, 560065, India
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32
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Prasad A, Lin F, Clark RAF. Fibronectin-derived Epiviosamines enhance PDGF-BB-stimulated human dermal fibroblast migration in vitro and granulation tissue formation in vivo. Wound Repair Regen 2019; 27:634-649. [PMID: 31219655 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fibronectin (FN) is a multimodular glycoprotein that is a critical component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) anlage during embryogenesis, morphogenesis, and wound repair. Our laboratory has previously described a family of FN-derived peptides collectively called "epiviosamines" that enhance platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-driven tissue cell survival, speed burn healing, and reduce scarring. In this study, we used an agarose drop outmigration assay to report that epiviosamines can enhance PDGF-BB-stimulated adult human dermal fibroblast (AHDF) outmigration in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, these peptides can, when delivered topically, stimulate granulation tissue formation in vivo. A thiol-derivatized hyaluronan hydrogel cross-linked with polyethyleneglycol diacrylate (PEGDA) was used to topically deliver a cyclized epiviosamine: cP12 and a cyclized engineered variant of cP12 termed cNP8 to porcine, full-thickness, excisional wounds. Both cP12 and cNP8 exhibited dose-dependent increases in granulation tissue formation at day 4, with 600 μM cNP8 significantly enhancing new granulation tissue compared to vehicle alone. In contrast to previous studies, this study suggests that epiviosamines can be used to increase granulation tissue formation without an exogenous supply of PDGF-BB or any cell-binding peptides. Thus, epiviosamine may be useful topically to increase granulation tissue formation in acute wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atulya Prasad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center T16-060, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-8165.,NeoMatrix Therapeutics, Inc., 25 Health Sciences Drive, Stony Brook, New York, 11790
| | - Fubao Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center T16-060, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-8165.,NeoMatrix Therapeutics, Inc., 25 Health Sciences Drive, Stony Brook, New York, 11790
| | - Richard A F Clark
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center T16-060, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-8165.,Department of Dermatology, Health Science Center T16-060, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-8165.,Department of Medicine, Health Science Center T16-060, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-8165
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33
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Hadjicharalambous MR, Roux BT, Csomor E, Feghali-Bostwick CA, Murray LA, Clarke DL, Lindsay MA. Long intergenic non-coding RNAs regulate human lung fibroblast function: Implications for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6020. [PMID: 30988425 PMCID: PMC6465406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42292-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic changes in lung fibroblasts are believed to contribute to the development of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), a progressive and fatal lung disease. Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) have been identified as novel regulators of gene expression and protein activity. In non-stimulated cells, we observed reduced proliferation and inflammation but no difference in the fibrotic response of IPF fibroblasts. These functional changes in non-stimulated cells were associated with changes in the expression of the histone marks, H3K4me1, H3K4me3 and H3K27ac indicating a possible involvement of epigenetics. Following activation with TGF-β1 and IL-1β, we demonstrated an increased fibrotic but reduced inflammatory response in IPF fibroblasts. There was no significant difference in proliferation following PDGF exposure. The lincRNAs, LINC00960 and LINC01140 were upregulated in IPF fibroblasts. Knockdown studies showed that LINC00960 and LINC01140 were positive regulators of proliferation in both control and IPF fibroblasts but had no effect upon the fibrotic response. Knockdown of LINC01140 but not LINC00960 increased the inflammatory response, which was greater in IPF compared to control fibroblasts. Overall, these studies demonstrate for the first time that lincRNAs are important regulators of proliferation and inflammation in human lung fibroblasts and that these might mediate the reduced inflammatory response observed in IPF-derived fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina R Hadjicharalambous
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Benoit T Roux
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Eszter Csomor
- MedImmune, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Carol A Feghali-Bostwick
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | | | - Deborah L Clarke
- MedImmune, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, United Kingdom.,Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd, Ellesfield Avenue, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG12 8YS, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Lindsay
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
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34
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Vrijens P, Noppen S, Boogaerts T, Vanstreels E, Ronca R, Chiodelli P, Laporte M, Vanderlinden E, Liekens S, Stevaert A, Naesens L. Influenza virus entry via the GM3 ganglioside-mediated platelet-derived growth factor receptor β signalling pathway. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:583-601. [PMID: 30762518 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The possible resistance of influenza virus against existing antiviral drugs calls for new therapeutic concepts. One appealing strategy is to inhibit virus entry, in particular at the stage of internalization. This requires a better understanding of virus-host interactions during the entry process, including the role of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). To search for cellular targets, we evaluated a panel of 276 protein kinase inhibitors in a multicycle antiviral assay in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. The RTK inhibitor Ki8751 displayed robust anti-influenza A and B virus activity and was selected for mechanistic investigations. Ki8751 efficiently disrupted the endocytic process of influenza virus in different cell lines carrying platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ), an RTK that is known to act at GM3 ganglioside-positive lipid rafts. The more efficient virus entry in CHO-K1 cells compared to the wild-type ancestor (CHO-wt) cells indicated a positive effect of GM3, which is abundant in CHO-K1 but not in CHO-wt cells. Entering virus localized to GM3-positive lipid rafts and the PDGFRβ-containing endosomal compartment. PDGFRβ/GM3-dependent virus internalization involved PDGFRβ phosphorylation, which was potently inhibited by Ki8751, and desialylation of activated PDGFRβ by the viral neuraminidase. Virus uptake coincided with strong activation of the Raf/MEK/Erk cascade, but not of PI3K/Akt or phospholipase C-γ. We conclude that influenza virus efficiently hijacks the GM3-enhanced PDGFRβ signalling pathway for cell penetration, providing an opportunity for host cell-targeting antiviral intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Vrijens
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Talitha Boogaerts
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Els Vanstreels
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roberto Ronca
- 2Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Chiodelli
- 2Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Manon Laporte
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelien Vanderlinden
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annelies Stevaert
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieve Naesens
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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35
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Aoto K, Ito K, Aoki S. Complex formation between platelet-derived growth factor receptor β and transforming growth factor β receptor regulates the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into cancer-associated fibroblasts. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34090-34102. [PMID: 30344924 PMCID: PMC6183337 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have recently gained attention as potent targets in cancer therapy because they are a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment and promote the growth and invasion of cancer cells. CAFs differentiate from fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), epithelial cells, and other cell types in response to transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) stimulation. The drugs tranilast, imatinib, and pirfenidone reportedly inhibit the differentiation of such cells into CAFs; however, it is unclear how they regulate TGFβ signaling. Here, we differentiated MSCs into CAFs in vitro and investigated which drugs suppressed this differentiation. Based on these results, we focused on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor β (PDGFRβ) as a key molecule in the initiation of TGFβ signaling. PDGFRβ transmitted TGFβ signaling in MSCs by forming a complex with TGFβ receptor (TGFβR) independently of stimulation with its well-known ligand PDGF. Inhibitors of the differentiation of MSCs into CAFs attenuated complex formation between PDGFRβ and TGFβR. Moreover, PDGF stimulated PDGFRβ to a lesser extent in CAFs than in MSCs. This study indicates that PDGFRβ and TGFβ-TGFβR signaling cooperatively promote the differentiation of MSCs into CAFs in tumor microenvironments independently of canonical PDGF-PDGFR signaling. We propose that blockade of the interaction between PDGFRβ and TGFβR is a potential strategy to prevent TGFβ-mediated differentiation of MSCs into CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Aoto
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba-city, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kousei Ito
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba-city, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shigeki Aoki
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba-city, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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Pham QL, Rodrigues LN, Maximov MA, Chandran VD, Bi C, Chege D, Dijamco T, Stein E, Tong NAN, Basuray S, Voronov RS. Cell Sequence and Mitosis Affect Fibroblast Directional Decision-Making During Chemotaxis in Microfluidic Mazes. Cell Mol Bioeng 2018; 11:483-494. [PMID: 31719895 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-018-0551-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Directed fibroblast migration is central to highly proliferative processes in regenerative medicine and developmental biology. However, the mechanisms by which single fibroblasts affect each other's directional decisions, while chemotaxing in microscopic pores, are not well understood. Methods We explored effects of cell sequence and mitosis on fibroblast platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced migration in microfluidic mazes with two possible through paths: short and long. Additionally, image-based modeling of the chemoattractant's diffusion, consumption and decay, was used to explain the experimental observations. Results It both cases, the cells displayed behavior that is contradictory to expectation based on the global chemoattractant gradient pre-established in the maze. In case of the sequence, the cells tend to alternate when faced with a bifurcation: if a leading cell takes the shorter (steeper gradient) path, the cell following it chooses the longer (weaker gradient) path, and vice versa. Image-based modeling of the process showed that the local PDGF-BB consumption by the individual fibroblasts may be responsible for this phenomenon. Additionally, it was found that when a mother cell divides, its two daughters go in opposite directions (even if it means migrating against the chemoattractant gradient and overcoming on-going cell traffic). Conclusions It is apparent that micro-confined fibroblasts modify each other's directional decisions in a manner that is counter-intuitive to what is expected from classical chemotaxis theory. Consequently, accounting for these effects could lead to a better understanding of tissue generation in vivo, and result in more advanced engineered tissue products in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Long Pham
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
| | - Lydia N Rodrigues
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
| | - Max A Maximov
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
| | - Vishnu Deep Chandran
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
| | - Cheng Bi
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
| | - David Chege
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
| | - Timothy Dijamco
- Computer Science Dept., New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
| | - Elisabeth Stein
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
| | - Nhat Anh Nguyen Tong
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
| | - Sagnik Basuray
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
| | - Roman S Voronov
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
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37
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Crosstalk between cancer cells and endothelial cells: implications for tumor progression and intervention. Arch Pharm Res 2018; 41:711-724. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-1051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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38
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McQueeney KE, Salamoun JM, Ahn JG, Pekic P, Blanco IK, Struckman HL, Sharlow ER, Wipf P, Lazo JS. A chemical genetics approach identifies PTP4A3 as a regulator of colon cancer cell adhesion. FASEB J 2018; 32:5661-5673. [PMID: 29746167 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701446r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the tightly controlled protein phosphorylation networks that govern cellular behavior causes cancer. The membrane-associated, intracellular protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP4A3 is overexpressed in human colorectal cancer and contributes to cell migration and invasion. To interrogate further the role of PTP4A3 in colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion, we deleted the Ptp4a3 gene from murine colorectal tumor cells. The resulting PTP4A3-/- cells exhibited impaired colony formation, spheroid formation, migration, and adherence compared with the paired PTP4A3fl/fl cells. We replicated these phenotypic changes using the new small-molecule, allosteric PTP4A3 inhibitor JMS-053. A related structure, JMS-038, which lacked phosphatase inhibition, displayed no cellular activity. Reduction in cell viability and colony formation by JMS-053 occurred in both mouse and human colorectal cell lines and required PTP4A3 expression. Ptp4a3 deletion increased the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) and adhesion genes, including the tumor suppressor Emilin 1. JMS-053 also increased Emilin 1 gene expression. Moreover, The Cancer Genome Atlas genomic database revealed human colorectal tumors with high Ptp4a3 expression had low Emilin 1 expression. These chemical and biologic reagents reveal a previously unknown communication between the intracellular PTP4A3 phosphatase and the ECM and support efforts to pharmacologically target PTP4A3.-McQueeney, K. E., Salamoun, J. M., Ahn J. G., Pekic, P., Blanco, I. K., Struckman, H. L., Sharlow, E. R., Wipf, P., Lazo, J. S. A chemical genetics approach identifies PTP4A3 as a regulator of colon cancer cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley E McQueeney
- Fiske Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Joseph M Salamoun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer G Ahn
- Fiske Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Paula Pekic
- Fiske Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Isabella K Blanco
- Fiske Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Heather L Struckman
- Fiske Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Sharlow
- Fiske Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John S Lazo
- Fiske Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Kartolo WA, Pawitan JA, Harahap AR, Wanandi SI. PDGF-AB rich-trombocyte lysate supplementation from breast cancer patients increased the proliferation of breast cancer stem cells. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIA 2018. [DOI: 10.13181/mji.v27i1.1596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Thrombocytosis in breast cancer (BC) patient was thought to play a role in the invasiveness of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Modification of tumor microenvironment was proposed to increase the efficacy of anticancer therapy. This study was aimed to analyze the effect of platelet lysate (PL) as well as its PDGF-AB content as a tumor microenvironment on (CD24-/CD44+) BCSC proliferation.Methods: This was an experimental study that treated culture of BCSCs with PL from breast cancer (BC) patients or healthy donors. Venous blood from all subjects were subjected to prior hematology test and then processed to obtain platelet rich plasma (PRP). Platelet counts in PRP were determined. PRP was processed to obtain PL. PDGF-AB contents in PL were measured. PL at concentrations of 0.01% (v/v) was supplemented into DMEM-F12 medium and used for culturing BCSCs (CD24-/CD44+ cells). After 48 hours, total cell count, population doubling time (PDT), and cell viability were calculated and their correlation with platelet count and PDGF-AB levels were analyzed.Results: BC patients (n=5) had higher platelet counts and PDGF-AB levels in PL compared to healthy donors (n=15), (p=0.02). PL from BC patients could stimulate the proliferation of BCSCs higher than healthy donors (p<0.001) and showed lower PDT value (p=0.001). Cell proliferation and PDT showed strong correlation with PDGF-AB level. This observation suggests that PDGF-AB has a role on BCSCs proliferation. PL showed no effect on BCSCs viability.Conclusion: Breast cancer patient platelet lysate stimulated BCSC proliferation.
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Cassinelli G, Favini E, Dal Bo L, Tortoreto M, De Maglie M, Dagrada G, Pilotti S, Zunino F, Zaffaroni N, Lanzi C. Antitumor efficacy of the heparan sulfate mimic roneparstat (SST0001) against sarcoma models involves multi-target inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinases. Oncotarget 2018; 7:47848-47863. [PMID: 27374103 PMCID: PMC5216983 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The heparan sulfate (HS) mimic/heparanase inhibitor roneparstat (SST0001) shows antitumor activity in preclinical sarcoma models. We hypothesized that this 100% N-acetylated and glycol-split heparin could interfere with the functions of several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) coexpressed in sarcomas and activated by heparin-binding growth factors. Using a phospho-proteomic approach, we investigated the drug effects on RTK activation in human cell lines representative of different sarcoma subtypes. Inhibition of FGF, IGF, ERBB and PDGF receptors by the drug was biochemically and functionally validated. Roneparstat counteracted the autocrine loop induced by the COL1A1/PDGFB fusion oncogene, expressed in a human dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans primary culture and in NIH3T3COL1A1/PDGFB transfectants, inhibiting cell anchorage-independent growth and invasion. In addition, roneparstat inhibited the activation of cell surface PDGFR and PDGFR-associated FAK, likely contributing to the reversion of NIH3T3COL1A1/PDGFB cell transformed and pro-invasive phenotype. Biochemical and histological/immunohistochemical ex vivo analyses confirmed a reduced activation of ERBB4, EGFR, INSR, IGF1R, associated with apoptosis induction and angiogenesis inhibition in a drug-treated Ewing's sarcoma family tumor xenograft. The combination of roneparstat with irinotecan significantly improved the antitumor effect against A204 rhabdoid xenografts resulting in a high rate of complete responses and cures. These findings reveal that roneparstat exerts a multi-target inhibition of RTKs relevant in the pathobiology of different sarcoma subtypes. These effects, likely cooperating with heparanase inhibition, contribute to the antitumor efficacy of the drug. The study supports heparanase/HS axis targeting as a valuable approach in combination therapies of different sarcoma subtypes providing a preclinical rationale for clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Cassinelli
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrica Favini
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Dal Bo
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Tortoreto
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella De Maglie
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory, Fondazione Filarete, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Dagrada
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Pilotti
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Zunino
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Lanzi
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Adler M, Mayo A, Zhou X, Franklin RA, Jacox JB, Medzhitov R, Alon U. Endocytosis as a stabilizing mechanism for tissue homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E1926-E1935. [PMID: 29429964 PMCID: PMC5828590 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1714377115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells in tissues communicate by secreted growth factors (GF) and other signals. An important function of cell circuits is tissue homeostasis: maintaining proper balance between the amounts of different cell types. Homeostasis requires negative feedback on the GFs, to avoid a runaway situation in which cells stimulate each other and grow without control. Feedback can be obtained in at least two ways: endocytosis in which a cell removes its cognate GF by internalization and cross-inhibition in which a GF down-regulates the production of another GF. Here we ask whether there are design principles for cell circuits to achieve tissue homeostasis. We develop an analytically solvable framework for circuits with multiple cell types and find that feedback by endocytosis is far more robust to parameter variation and has faster responses than cross-inhibition. Endocytosis, which is found ubiquitously across tissues, can even provide homeostasis to three and four communicating cell types. These design principles form a conceptual basis for how tissues maintain a healthy balance of cell types and how balance may be disrupted in diseases such as degeneration and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Adler
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Avi Mayo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Xu Zhou
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Ruth A Franklin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Jeremy B Jacox
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510;
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Uri Alon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel;
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Chen KH, Dasgupta A, Lin J, Potus F, Bonnet S, Iremonger J, Fu J, Mewburn J, Wu D, Dunham-Snary K, Theilmann AL, Jing ZC, Hindmarch C, Ormiston ML, Lawrie A, Archer SL. Epigenetic Dysregulation of the Dynamin-Related Protein 1 Binding Partners MiD49 and MiD51 Increases Mitotic Mitochondrial Fission and Promotes Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Implications. Circulation 2018; 138:287-304. [PMID: 29431643 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.031258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitotic fission is increased in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a hyperproliferative, apoptosis-resistant disease. The fission mediator dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) must complex with adaptor proteins to cause fission. Drp1-induced fission has been therapeutically targeted in experimental PAH. Here, we examine the role of 2 recently discovered, poorly understood Drp1 adapter proteins, mitochondrial dynamics protein of 49 and 51 kDa (MiD49 and MiD51), in normal vascular cells and explore their dysregulation in PAH. METHODS Immunoblots of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (control, n=6; PAH, n=8) and immunohistochemistry of lung sections (control, n=6; PAH, n=6) were used to assess the expression of MiD49 and MiD51. The effects of manipulating MiDs on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis were assessed in human and rodent PAH pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells with flow cytometry. Mitochondrial fission was studied by confocal imaging. A microRNA (miR) involved in the regulation of MiD expression was identified using microarray techniques and in silico analyses. The expression of circulatory miR was assessed with quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in healthy volunteers (HVs) versus patients with PAH from Sheffield, UK (plasma: HV, n=29, PAH, n=27; whole blood: HV, n=11, PAH, n=14) and then confirmed in a cohort from Beijing, China (plasma: HV, n=19, PAH, n=36; whole blood: HV, n=20, PAH, n=39). This work was replicated in monocrotaline and Sugen 5416-hypoxia, preclinical PAH models. Small interfering RNAs targeting MiDs or an miR mimic were nebulized to rats with monocrotaline-induced PAH (n=4-10). RESULTS MiD expression is increased in PAH pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, which accelerates Drp1-mediated mitotic fission, increases cell proliferation, and decreases apoptosis. Silencing MiDs (but not other Drp1 binding partners, fission 1 or mitochondrial fission factor) promotes mitochondrial fusion and causes G1-phase cell cycle arrest through extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2- and cyclin-dependent kinase 4-dependent mechanisms. Augmenting MiDs in normal cells causes fission and recapitulates the PAH phenotype. MiD upregulation results from decreased miR-34a-3p expression. Circulatory miR-34a-3p expression is decreased in both patients with PAH and preclinical models of PAH. Silencing MiDs or augmenting miR-34a-3p regresses experimental PAH. CONCLUSIONS In health, MiDs regulate Drp1-mediated fission, whereas in disease, epigenetic upregulation of MiDs increases mitotic fission, which drives pathological proliferation and apoptosis resistance. The miR-34a-3p-MiD pathway offers new therapeutic targets for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Hueih Chen
- Department of Medicine (K.-H.C., A.D., F.P., J.F., J.M., D.W., K.D.-S., A.L.T., M.L.O., S.L.A.)
| | - Asish Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine (K.-H.C., A.D., F.P., J.F., J.M., D.W., K.D.-S., A.L.T., M.L.O., S.L.A.)
| | - Jianhui Lin
- Queen's University, Kingston, Canada. Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, UK (J.L., J.I, A.L.)
| | - François Potus
- Department of Medicine (K.-H.C., A.D., F.P., J.F., J.M., D.W., K.D.-S., A.L.T., M.L.O., S.L.A.)
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group of the University Cardiology and Pulmonary Institute of the Quebec Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (S.B.)
| | - James Iremonger
- Queen's University, Kingston, Canada. Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, UK (J.L., J.I, A.L.)
| | - Jennifer Fu
- Department of Medicine (K.-H.C., A.D., F.P., J.F., J.M., D.W., K.D.-S., A.L.T., M.L.O., S.L.A.)
| | - Jeffrey Mewburn
- Department of Medicine (K.-H.C., A.D., F.P., J.F., J.M., D.W., K.D.-S., A.L.T., M.L.O., S.L.A.).,Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine, Department of Medicine (J.M., C.H., M.L.O., S.L.A.)
| | - Danchen Wu
- Department of Medicine (K.-H.C., A.D., F.P., J.F., J.M., D.W., K.D.-S., A.L.T., M.L.O., S.L.A.)
| | - Kimberly Dunham-Snary
- Department of Medicine (K.-H.C., A.D., F.P., J.F., J.M., D.W., K.D.-S., A.L.T., M.L.O., S.L.A.)
| | - Anne L Theilmann
- Department of Medicine (K.-H.C., A.D., F.P., J.F., J.M., D.W., K.D.-S., A.L.T., M.L.O., S.L.A.)
| | - Zhi-Cheng Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Z.-C.J.)
| | - Charles Hindmarch
- Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine, Department of Medicine (J.M., C.H., M.L.O., S.L.A.)
| | - Mark L Ormiston
- Department of Medicine (K.-H.C., A.D., F.P., J.F., J.M., D.W., K.D.-S., A.L.T., M.L.O., S.L.A.).,Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine, Department of Medicine (J.M., C.H., M.L.O., S.L.A.)
| | - Allan Lawrie
- Queen's University, Kingston, Canada. Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, UK (J.L., J.I, A.L.)
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine (K.-H.C., A.D., F.P., J.F., J.M., D.W., K.D.-S., A.L.T., M.L.O., S.L.A.) .,Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine, Department of Medicine (J.M., C.H., M.L.O., S.L.A.)
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Kenny C, McDonagh N, Lazaro A, O'Meara E, Klinger R, O'Connor D, Roche F, Hokamp K, O'Sullivan MJ. Dysregulated mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling as an oncogenic basis for clear cell sarcoma of the kidney. J Pathol 2018; 244:334-345. [PMID: 29243812 DOI: 10.1002/path.5020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The oncogenic mechanisms and tumour biology underpinning clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK), the second commonest paediatric renal malignancy, are poorly understood and currently, therapy depends heavily on doxorubicin with cardiotoxic side-effects. Previously, we characterized the balanced t(10;17)(q22;p13) chromosomal translocation, identified at that time as the only recurrent genetic aberration in CCSK. This translocation results in an in-frame fusion of the genes YWHAE (encoding 14-3-3ϵ) and NUTM2, with a somatic incidence of 12%. Clinico-pathological features of that cohort suggested that this aberration might be associated with higher stage and grade disease. Since no primary CCSK cell line exists, we generated various stably transfected cell lines containing doxycycline-inducible HA-tagged YWHAE-NUTM2, in order to study the effect of expressing this transcript. 14-3-3ϵ-NUTM2-expressing cells exhibited significantly greater cell migration compared to isogenic controls. Gene and protein expression studies were indicative of dysregulated MAPK/PI3K-AKT signalling, and by blocking these pathways using neutralizing antibodies, the migratory advantage conferred by the transcript was abrogated. Importantly, CCSK tumour samples similarly show up-regulation/activation of these pathways. These results support the oncogenic role of 14-3-3ϵ-NUTM2 in CCSK and provide avenues for the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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MESH Headings
- 14-3-3 Proteins/genetics
- 14-3-3 Proteins/metabolism
- Animals
- Cell Movement
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Fusion
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Kidney Neoplasms/enzymology
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- NIH 3T3 Cells
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Sarcoma, Clear Cell/enzymology
- Sarcoma, Clear Cell/genetics
- Sarcoma, Clear Cell/pathology
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Kenny
- School of Medicine, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Naomi McDonagh
- School of Medicine, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Antonio Lazaro
- School of Medicine, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elaine O'Meara
- School of Medicine, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rut Klinger
- Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Darran O'Connor
- Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona Roche
- School of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karsten Hokamp
- School of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maureen J O'Sullivan
- School of Medicine, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
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Etxebarria J, Sanz-Lázaro S, Hernáez-Moya R, Freire V, Durán JA, Morales MC, Andollo N. Serum from plasma rich in growth factors regenerates rabbit corneas by promoting cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, adhesion and limbal stemness. Acta Ophthalmol 2017; 95:e693-e705. [PMID: 28266180 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the regenerating potential and the mechanisms through which the autologous serum derived from plasma rich in growth factors (s-PRGF) favours corneal wound healing in vitro and in vivo. METHODS We compared the effect of various concentrations of s-PRGF versus fetal bovine serum (FBS) and control treatment in rabbit primary corneal epithelial and stromal cells and wounded rabbit corneas. Cell proliferation was measured using an enzymatic colorimetric assay. In vitro and in vivo wound-healing progression was assessed by image-analysis software. Migration and invasion were evaluated using transfilter assays. Histological structure was analysed in stained sections. Protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS s-PRGF promoted the robust proliferation of epithelial cultures at any concentration, similar to FBS. Likewise, s-PRGF and FBS produced similar re-epithelialization rates in in vitro wound-healing assays. In vivo, s-PRGF treatment accelerated corneal wound healing in comparison with control treatment. This difference was significant only for 100% s-PRGF treatment in our healthy rabbit model. Histological analysis confirmed normal epithelialization in all cases. Immunohistochemistry showed a higher expression of cytokeratins 3/76 and 15, zonula occludens-1 and alpha-smooth muscle actin proteins as a function of s-PRGF concentration. Notably, keratocyte density in the anterior third of the stroma increased with increase in s-PRGF concentration, suggesting an in vivo chemotactic effect of s-PRGF on keratocytes that was further confirmed in vitro. CONCLUSION s-PRGF promotes proliferation and migration and influences limbal stemness, adhesion and fibrosis during corneal healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Etxebarria
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology; School of Medicine and Nursing; BioCruces Health Research Institute; University of the Basque Country; Begiker; Leioa Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology; BioCruces Health Research Institute; University Hospital of Cruces; Begiker; Barakaldo Spain
| | - Sara Sanz-Lázaro
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology; School of Medicine and Nursing; BioCruces Health Research Institute; University of the Basque Country; Begiker; Leioa Spain
| | - Raquel Hernáez-Moya
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology; School of Medicine and Nursing; BioCruces Health Research Institute; University of the Basque Country; Begiker; Leioa Spain
| | - Vanesa Freire
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology; School of Medicine and Nursing; BioCruces Health Research Institute; University of the Basque Country; Begiker; Leioa Spain
- R & D Department; Instituto Clínico-Quirúrgico de Oftalmología; Bilbao Spain
| | - Juan A. Durán
- R & D Department; Instituto Clínico-Quirúrgico de Oftalmología; Bilbao Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology; School of Medicine and Nursing; BioCruces Health Research Institute; University of the Basque Country; Begiker; Leioa Spain
| | - María-Celia Morales
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology; School of Medicine and Nursing; BioCruces Health Research Institute; University of the Basque Country; Begiker; Leioa Spain
| | - Noelia Andollo
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology; School of Medicine and Nursing; BioCruces Health Research Institute; University of the Basque Country; Begiker; Leioa Spain
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Programmed biomolecule delivery to enable and direct cell migration for connective tissue repair. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1780. [PMID: 29176654 PMCID: PMC5701126 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01955-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dense connective tissue injuries have limited repair, due to the paucity of cells at the wound site. We hypothesize that decreasing the density of the local extracellular matrix (ECM) in conjunction with releasing chemoattractive signals increases cellularity and tissue formation after injury. Using the knee meniscus as a model system, we query interstitial cell migration in the context of migratory barriers using a novel tissue Boyden chamber and show that a gradient of platelet-derived growth factor-AB (PDGF-AB) expedites migration through native tissue. To implement these signals in situ, we develop nanofibrous scaffolds with distinct fiber fractions that sequentially release active collagenase (to increase ECM porosity) and PDGF-AB (to attract endogenous cells) in a localized and coordinated manner. We show that, when placed into a meniscal defect, the controlled release of collagenase and PDGF-AB increases cellularity at the interface and within the scaffold, as well as integration with the surrounding tissue.
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Abstract
Fibrosis is part of a tissue repair response to injury, defined as increased deposition of extracellular matrix. In some instances, fibrosis is beneficial; however, in the majority of diseases fibrosis is detrimental. Virtually all chronic progressive diseases are associated with fibrosis, representing a huge number of patients worldwide. Fibrosis occurs in all organs and tissues, becomes irreversible with time and further drives loss of tissue function. Various cells types initiate and perpetuate pathological fibrosis by paracrine activation of the principal cellular executors of fibrosis, i.e. stromal mesenchymal cells like fibroblasts, pericytes and myofibroblasts. Multiple pathways are involved in fibrosis, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-signaling being one of the central mediators. Stromal mesenchymal cells express both PDGF receptors (PDGFR) α and β, activation of which drives proliferation, migration and production of extracellular matrix, i.e. the principal processes of fibrosis. Here, we review the role of PDGF signaling in organ fibrosis, with particular focus on the more recently described ligands PDGF-C and -D. We discuss the potential challenges, opportunities and open questions in using PDGF as a potential target for anti-fibrotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jürgen Floege
- Division of Nephrology, RWTH University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH University of Aachen, Germany; Division of Nephrology, RWTH University of Aachen, Germany.
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Junkunlo K, Söderhäll K, Noonin C, Söderhäll I. PDGF/VEGF-Related Receptor Affects Transglutaminase Activity to Control Cell Migration During Crustacean Hematopoiesis. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1449-1459. [PMID: 28805145 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor, a tyrosine kinase (TK) receptor whose ligand is PDGF, is crucial in the transduction of extracellular signals into cells and mediates numerous processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and migration. We demonstrate the important roles of a receptor TK related to the PDGF/VEGF family protein (PVR) in controlling hematopoietic progenitor cell migration by affecting extracellular transglutaminase (TGase) activity. Pl_PVR1, GenBank accession No. KY444650, is highly expressed in hemocytes and the hematopoietic tissue (HPT). Sunitinib malate was used to block the PVF/PVR downstream pathway in HPT cell culture. The addition of Sunitinib also caused the HPT cells to increase in size and begin spreading. An increase in extracellular TGase activity on the HPT cell membrane was observed in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with Sunitinib malate. The presence of crude Ast1 provided a combinatorial beneficial effect that enhanced the number of spreading cells after inhibition of the Pl_PVR downstream signaling cascade. In addition, an increased immunoreactivity for β-tubulin and elongation of β-tubulin filaments were found in Pl_PVR signaling-inhibited cells. The potential roles of PVF/PVR signaling in controlling progenitor cell activity during hematopoiesis in crayfish were investigated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingkamon Junkunlo
- Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University , Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Söderhäll
- Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University , Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chadanat Noonin
- Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University , Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Irene Söderhäll
- Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University , Uppsala, Sweden
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Rashidi B, Hoseini Z, Sahebkar A, Mirzaei H. Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects of Vitamins D and E in Suppression of Atherogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2968-2976. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Rashidi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology; School of Medicine; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Zahra Hoseini
- Student Research Center; School of Medicine; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology; School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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49
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Enhanced Rb/E2F and TSC/mTOR Pathways Induce Synergistic Inhibition in PDGF-Induced Proliferation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170036. [PMID: 28076433 PMCID: PMC5226788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) plays an essential role in proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The Rb/E2F and TSC/mTOR pathways contribute to the proliferation of VSMCs, but its exact roles in PDGF-induced proliferation are unclear. In this study, we demonstrated the roles of Rb/E2F and TSC/mTOR pathways in PDGF-induced proliferation in VSMCs. We found that PDGF stimulates the activity of E2F and mTOR pathways, and knockdown of either Rb or TSC2 increases PDGF-induced proliferation in VSMCs. More interestingly, we revealed that enhancing both E2F and mTOR activity leads to synergistic inhibition of PDGF-induced proliferation in VSMCs. We further identified that the synergistic inhibition effect is caused by the induced oxidative stress. Summarily, these data suggest the important regulations of Rb/E2F and TSC/mTOR pathways in PDGF-induced proliferation in VSMCs, and also present a promising way to limit deregulated proliferation by PDGF induction in VSMCs.
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50
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Hong JH, Kwak Y, Woo Y, Park C, Lee SA, Lee H, Park SJ, Suh Y, Suh BK, Goo BS, Mun DJ, Sanada K, Nguyen MD, Park SK. Regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by the Ndel1-Tara complex is critical for cell migration. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31827. [PMID: 27546710 PMCID: PMC4992831 DOI: 10.1038/srep31827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear distribution element-like 1 (Ndel1) plays pivotal roles in diverse biological processes and is implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple neurodevelopmental disorders. Ndel1 function by regulating microtubules and intermediate filaments; however, its functional link with the actin cytoskeleton is largely unknown. Here, we show that Ndel1 interacts with TRIO-associated repeat on actin (Tara), an actin-bundling protein, to regulate cell movement. In vitro wound healing and Boyden chamber assays revealed that Ndel1- or Tara-deficient cells were defective in cell migration. Moreover, Tara overexpression induced the accumulation of Ndel1 at the cell periphery and resulted in prominent co-localization with F-actin. This redistribution of Ndel1 was abolished by deletion of the Ndel1-interacting domain of Tara, suggesting that the altered peripheral localization of Ndel1 requires a physical interaction with Tara. Furthermore, co-expression of Ndel1 and Tara in SH-SY5Y cells caused a synergistic increase in F-actin levels and filopodia formation, suggesting that Tara facilitates cell movement by sequestering Ndel1 at peripheral structures to regulate actin remodeling. Thus, we demonstrated that Ndel1 interacts with Tara to regulate cell movement. These findings reveal a novel role of the Ndel1-Tara complex in actin reorganization during cell movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ho Hong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongdo Kwak
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsik Woo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Cana Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol-Ae Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeryun Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongjun Suh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyoung Suh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seong Goo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Mun
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamon Sanada
- Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Minh Dang Nguyen
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Cell Biology and Anatomy, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
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