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Yang P, Zhao X, Aweya JJ, Zhang Y. The Yin Yang 1 of Penaeus vannamei regulates transcription of the small subunit hemocyanin gene during Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 151:105087. [PMID: 37898353 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.105087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Hemocyanin is a respiratory protein, it is also a multifunctional immune molecule that plays a vital role against pathogen invasion in shrimp. However, the regulation of hemocyanin gene expression in shrimp hemocytes and the mechanisms involved during pathogen infection remains unclear. Here, we used DNA pull-down followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify the Yin Yang 1 transcription factor homolog in Penaeus vannamei (PvYY1) as a key factor that modulates transcription of the small subunit hemocyanin gene of P. vannamei (PvHMCs) in hemocytes during Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND (VPAHPND) infection. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the core promoter region of PvHMCs contains two YY1 motifs. Mutational and oligoprecipitation analyses confirmed that PvYY1 could bind to the YY1 motifs in the PvHMCs core promoter region, while truncation of PvYY1 revealed that the N-terminal domain of PvYY1 is essential for the transactivation of PvHMCs core promoter. Besides, the REPO domain of PvYY1 could repress the activity of the PvHMCs core promoter. Overexpression of PvYY1 significantly activates the promoter activity of PvHMCs core promoter, while PvYY1 knockdown significantly decreases the expression level of PvHMCs in shrimp hemocytes and survival rate of shrimp upon infection with VPAHPND. Our present study provides new insights into the transcriptional regulation of PvHMCs by PvYY1 in shrimp hemocytes during bacteria (VPAHPND) infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peikui Yang
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, Chaozhou, 521041, China
| | - Xianliang Zhao
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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2
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Shemesh A, Su Y, Calabrese DR, Chen D, Arakawa-Hoyt J, Roybal KT, Heath JR, Greenland JR, Lanier LL. Diminished cell proliferation promotes natural killer cell adaptive-like phenotype by limiting FcεRIγ expression. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20220551. [PMID: 36066491 PMCID: PMC9448639 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adaptive-like natural killer (NK) cells express low levels of FcεRIγ (FcRγ-/low) and are reported to accumulate during COVID-19 infection; however, the mechanism underlying and regulating FcRγ expression in NK cells has yet to be fully defined. We observed lower FcRγ protein expression in NK cell subsets from lung transplant patients during rapamycin treatment, suggesting a link with reduced mTOR activity. Further, FcRγ-/low NK cell subsets from healthy donors displayed reduced mTOR activity. We discovered that FcRγ upregulation is dependent on cell proliferation progression mediated by IL-2, IL-15, or IL-12, is sensitive to mTOR suppression, and is inhibited by TGFβ or IFNα. Accordingly, the accumulation of adaptive-like FcRγ-/low NK cells in COVID-19 patients corresponded to increased TGFβ and IFNα levels and disease severity. Our results show that an adaptive-like NK cell phenotype is induced by diminished cell proliferation and has an early prognostic value for increased TGFβ and IFNα levels in COVID-19 infection associated with disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishai Shemesh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Yapeng Su
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA
| | - Daniel R. Calabrese
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
- Medical Service, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
| | - Daniel Chen
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Informatics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Janice Arakawa-Hoyt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kole T. Roybal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA
- Gladstone University of California, San Francisco Institute for Genetic Immunology, San Francisco, CA
- University of California, San Francisco Cell Design Institute, San Francisco, CA
| | - James R. Heath
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - John R. Greenland
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
- Medical Service, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lewis L. Lanier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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3
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Kordowski A, Reinicke AT, Wu D, Orinska Z, Hagemann P, Huber-Lang M, Lee JB, Wang YH, Hogan SP, Köhl J. C5a receptor 1 -/- mice are protected from the development of IgE-mediated experimental food allergy. Allergy 2019; 74:767-779. [PMID: 30341777 DOI: 10.1111/all.13637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food-induced anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction caused by Fcε-receptor activation on mast cells (MCs). The exact mechanisms breaking oral tolerance and the effector pathways driving food allergy remain elusive. As complement is activated in food-induced anaphylaxis, we aimed to assess the role of C5a in disease pathogenesis. METHODS Oral antigen-induced food-induced anaphylaxis was induced in BALB/c wild-type (wt) and C5ar1-/- mice. Readouts included diarrhea development, changes in rectal temperature, hematocrit, antigen-specific serum IgE, MCPT-1, and intestinal MC numbers, as well as FcεR1-mediated MC functions including C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) regulation. Further, histamine-mediated hypothermia and regulation of endothelial tight junctions were determined. RESULTS Repeated oral OVA challenge resulted in diarrhea, hypothermia, increased hematocrit, high OVA-specific serum IgE, and MCPT-1 levels in wt mice. Male C5ar1-/- mice were completely whereas female C5ar1-/- mice were partially protected from anaphylaxis development. Serum MCPT-1 levels were reduced gender-independent, whereas IgE levels were reduced in male but not in female C5ar1-/- mice. Mechanistically, IgE-mediated degranulation and IL-6 production from C5ar1-/- BMMCs of both sexes were significantly reduced. Importantly, FcεR1 cross-linking strongly upregulated C5aR1 MC expression in vitro and in vivo. Finally, C5ar1-/- male mice were largely protected from histamine-induced hypovolemic shock, which was associated with protection from histamine-induced barrier dysfunction in vitro following C5aR targeting. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify C5aR1 activation as an important driver of IgE-mediated food allergy through regulation of allergen-specific IgE production, FcεR1-mediated MC degranulation, and histamine-driven effector functions preferentially in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kordowski
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anna T Reinicke
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - David Wu
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Zane Orinska
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Philipp Hagemann
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jee-Boong Lee
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Yui-Hsi Wang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Simon P Hogan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jörg Köhl
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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4
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Nakanishi Y, Sato T, Takahashi K, Ohteki T. IFN-γ-dependent epigenetic regulation instructs colitogenic monocyte/macrophage lineage differentiation in vivo. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:871-880. [PMID: 29364866 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2017.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Colonic macrophages induce pathogenic inflammation against commensal bacteria, leading to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although the ontogeny of colonic macrophages has been well studied in the past decade, how macrophages gain colitogenic properties during the development of colitis is unknown. Using a chemically induced colitis model, we showed that accumulated Ly6C+ cells consisting of inflammatory monocytes and inflammatory macrophages strongly expressed representative colitogenic mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The interferon-γ-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (IFN-γ-Stat1) pathway was required for generating colitogenic macrophages, given that Stat1-/- mice had less severe colitis and fewer colitogenic macrophages. Notably, IFN-γ induced histone acetylation at the promoter regions of the Tnf and Nos2 loci in the monocyte and macrophage lineage, indicating that IFN-γ-dependent epigenetic regulation instructs the development of the colitogenic monocyte and macrophage lineage in vivo. Collectively, our results provide the essential mechanism by which dysregulated colitogenic monocytes/macrophages develop at the colon mucosa during inflammation, and suggest a new drug target for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nakanishi
- Department of Biodefense Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,IBD project, Laboratory for Integrated Research Projects on Intractable Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Department of Biodefense Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Saitama, Japan
| | - K Takahashi
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Ohteki
- Department of Biodefense Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Li H, Ivarsson MA, Walker-Sperling VE, Subleski J, Johnson JK, Wright PW, Carrington M, Björkström NK, McVicar DW, Anderson SK. Identification of an elaborate NK-specific system regulating HLA-C expression. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007163. [PMID: 29329284 PMCID: PMC5785035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The HLA-C gene appears to have evolved in higher primates to serve as a dominant source of ligands for the KIR2D family of inhibitory MHC class I receptors. The expression of NK cell-intrinsic MHC class I has been shown to regulate the murine Ly49 family of MHC class I receptors due to the interaction of these receptors with NK cell MHC in cis. However, cis interactions have not been demonstrated for the human KIR and HLA proteins. We report the discovery of an elaborate NK cell-specific system regulating HLA-C expression, indicating an important role for HLA-C in the development and function of NK cells. A large array of alternative transcripts with differences in intron/exon content are generated from an upstream NK-specific HLA-C promoter, and exon content varies between HLA-C alleles due to SNPs in splice donor/acceptor sites. Skipping of the first coding exon of HLA-C generates a subset of untranslatable mRNAs, and the proportion of untranslatable HLA-C mRNA decreases as NK cells mature, correlating with increased protein expression by mature NK cells. Polymorphism in a key Ets-binding site of the NK promoter has generated HLA-C alleles that lack significant promoter activity, resulting in reduced HLA-C expression and increased functional activity. The NK-intrinsic regulation of HLA-C thus represents a novel mechanism controlling the lytic activity of NK cells during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchuan Li
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Martin A. Ivarsson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victoria E. Walker-Sperling
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Jeff Subleski
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Jenna K. Johnson
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Paul W. Wright
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Mary Carrington
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States of America
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Niklas K. Björkström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel W. McVicar
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Stephen K. Anderson
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States of America
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6
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Naqvi AR, Fordham JB, Nares S. MicroRNA target Fc receptors to regulate Ab-dependent Ag uptake in primary macrophages and dendritic cells. Innate Immun 2016; 22:510-21. [PMID: 27449126 DOI: 10.1177/1753425916661042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis commences with particle internalization and culminates with the activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. However, the role of miRNAs in phagocytosis remains largely unknown. In this study, we examined the role of miR-24, miR-30b and miR-142-3p in Ab Fc receptor (FcR)-mediated phagocytosis by macrophages (MΦ) and dendritic cells (DC). The expression of these miRNAs was reduced following phagocytosis of both IgG-opsonized beads and Escherichia coli, indicating their regulatory role in the process. Further, overexpression of these miRNAs impaired the uptake of IgG-coated latex beads, which corroborated the reduced secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-8 and down-regulation of PKC-α, as well as superoxide-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase 2 expression level. Mechanistically, MΦ and DC transfected with miRNA mimics show marked reduction in expression of FcRs including FCGR2A, FcɛR1G and FCER2. We show that FcɛR1G expression is not affected at the transcription level, rather it is post-transcriptionally regulated by miR-30b. Finally, we demonstrate that siRNA-mediated knockdown of FcɛR1G leads to reduced uptake of IgG-opsonized beads, indicating its involvement on Ab-mediated phagocytosis. These results uncover miR-24, miR-30b and miR-142-3p as an essential component of FcR-mediated phagocytosis and associated innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar Raza Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jezrom B Fordham
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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7
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Kibet CK, Machanick P. Transcription factor motif quality assessment requires systematic comparative analysis. F1000Res 2015; 4:ISCB Comm J-1429. [PMID: 27092243 PMCID: PMC4821295 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.7408.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor (TF) binding site prediction remains a challenge in gene regulatory research due to degeneracy and potential variability in binding sites in the genome. Dozens of algorithms designed to learn binding models (motifs) have generated many motifs available in research papers with a subset making it to databases like JASPAR, UniPROBE and Transfac. The presence of many versions of motifs from the various databases for a single TF and the lack of a standardized assessment technique makes it difficult for biologists to make an appropriate choice of binding model and for algorithm developers to benchmark, test and improve on their models. In this study, we review and evaluate the approaches in use, highlight differences and demonstrate the difficulty of defining a standardized motif assessment approach. We review scoring functions, motif length, test data and the type of performance metrics used in prior studies as some of the factors that influence the outcome of a motif assessment. We show that the scoring functions and statistics used in motif assessment influence ranking of motifs in a TF-specific manner. We also show that TF binding specificity can vary by source of genomic binding data. We also demonstrate that information content of a motif is not in isolation a measure of motif quality but is influenced by TF binding behaviour. We conclude that there is a need for an easy-to-use tool that presents all available evidence for a comparative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Kipkurui Kibet
- Department of Computer Science and Research Unit in Bioinformatics (RUBi), Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Philip Machanick
- Department of Computer Science and Research Unit in Bioinformatics (RUBi), Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
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8
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Kibet CK, Machanick P. Transcription factor motif quality assessment requires systematic comparative analysis. F1000Res 2015; 4:ISCB Comm J-1429. [PMID: 27092243 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.7408.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor (TF) binding site prediction remains a challenge in gene regulatory research due to degeneracy and potential variability in binding sites in the genome. Dozens of algorithms designed to learn binding models (motifs) have generated many motifs available in research papers with a subset making it to databases like JASPAR, UniPROBE and Transfac. The presence of many versions of motifs from the various databases for a single TF and the lack of a standardized assessment technique makes it difficult for biologists to make an appropriate choice of binding model and for algorithm developers to benchmark, test and improve on their models. In this study, we review and evaluate the approaches in use, highlight differences and demonstrate the difficulty of defining a standardized motif assessment approach. We review scoring functions, motif length, test data and the type of performance metrics used in prior studies as some of the factors that influence the outcome of a motif assessment. We show that the scoring functions and statistics used in motif assessment influence ranking of motifs in a TF-specific manner. We also show that TF binding specificity can vary by source of genomic binding data. Finally, we demonstrate that information content of a motif is not in isolation a measure of motif quality but is influenced by TF binding behaviour. We conclude that there is a need for an easy-to-use tool that presents all available evidence for a comparative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Kipkurui Kibet
- Department of Computer Science and Research Unit in Bioinformatics (RUBi), Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Philip Machanick
- Department of Computer Science and Research Unit in Bioinformatics (RUBi), Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
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9
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Satterstrom FK, Swindell WR, Laurent G, Vyas S, Bulyk ML, Haigis MC. Nuclear respiratory factor 2 induces SIRT3 expression. Aging Cell 2015; 14:818-25. [PMID: 26109058 PMCID: PMC4568969 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT3 regulates several important metabolic processes. SIRT3 is transcriptionally upregulated in multiple tissues during nutrient stresses such as dietary restriction and fasting, but the molecular mechanism of this induction is unclear. We conducted a bioinformatic study to identify transcription factor(s) involved in SIRT3 induction. Our analysis identified an enrichment of binding sites for nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2), a transcription factor known to play a role in the expression of mitochondrial genes, in the DNA sequences of SIRT3 and genes with closely correlated expression patterns. In vitro, knockdown or overexpression of NRF-2 modulated SIRT3 levels, and the NRF-2α subunit directly bound to the SIRT3 promoter. Our results suggest that NRF-2 is a regulator of SIRT3 expression and may shed light on how SIRT3 is upregulated during nutrient stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Kyle Satterstrom
- Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Cambridge MA 02138USA
- Department of Cell Biology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - William R. Swindell
- Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115USA
| | - Gaëlle Laurent
- Department of Cell Biology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Sejal Vyas
- Department of Cell Biology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Martha L. Bulyk
- Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115USA
- Department of Pathology Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115USA
| | - Marcia C. Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
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10
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Vicente C, Edwards S, Hillman K, Kaufmann S, Mitchell H, Bain L, Glubb D, Lee J, French J, Ferreira M. Long-Range Modulation of PAG1 Expression by 8q21 Allergy Risk Variants. Am J Hum Genet 2015. [PMID: 26211970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene(s) whose expression is regulated by allergy risk variants is unknown for many loci identified through genome-wide association studies. Addressing this knowledge gap might point to new therapeutic targets for allergic disease. The aim of this study was to identify the target gene(s) and the functional variant(s) underlying the association between rs7009110 on chromosome 8q21 and allergies. Eight genes are located within 1 Mb of rs7009110. Multivariate association analysis of publicly available exon expression levels from lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) identified a significant association between rs7009110 and the expression of a single gene, PAG1 (p = 0.0017), 732 kb away. Analysis of histone modifications and DNase I hypersensitive sites in LCLs identified four putative regulatory elements (PREs) in the region. Chromosome conformation capture confirmed that two PREs interacted with the PAG1 promoter, one in allele-specific fashion. To determine whether these PREs were functional, LCLs were transfected with PAG1 promoter-driven luciferase reporter constructs. PRE3 acted as a transcriptional enhancer for PAG1 exclusively when it carried the rs2370615:C allergy predisposing allele, a variant in complete linkage disequilibrium with rs7009110. As such, rs2370615, which overlaps RelA transcription factor (TF) binding in LCLs and was found to disrupt Foxo3a binding to PRE3, represents the putative functional variant in this locus. Our studies suggest that the risk-associated allele of rs2370615 predisposes to allergic disease by increasing PAG1 expression, which might promote B cell activation and have a pro-inflammatory effect. Inhibition of PAG1 expression or function might have therapeutic potential for allergic diseases.
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11
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Totsuka N, Kim YG, Kanemaru K, Niizuma K, Umemoto E, Nagai K, Tahara-Hanaoka S, Nakahasi-Oda C, Honda SI, Miyasaka M, Shibuya K, Shibuya A. Toll-like receptor 4 and MAIR-II/CLM-4/LMIR2 immunoreceptor regulate VLA-4-mediated inflammatory monocyte migration. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4710. [PMID: 25134989 PMCID: PMC4143930 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory monocytes play an important role in host defense against infections. However, the regulatory mechanisms of transmigration into infected tissue are not yet completely understood. Here we show that mice deficient in MAIR-II (also called CLM-4 or LMIR2) are more susceptible to caecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced peritonitis than wild-type (WT) mice. Adoptive transfer of inflammatory monocytes from WT mice, but not from MAIR-II, TLR4 or MyD88-deficient mice, significantly improves survival of MAIR-II-deficient mice after CLP. Migration of inflammatory monocytes into the peritoneal cavity after CLP, which is dependent on VLA-4, is impaired in above mutant and FcRγ chain-deficient mice. Lipopolysaccharide stimulation induces association of MAIR-II with FcRγ chain and Syk, leading to enhancement of VLA-4-mediated adhesion to VCAM-1. These results indicate that activation of MAIR-II/FcRγ chain by TLR4/MyD88-mediated signalling is essential for the transmigration of inflammatory monocytes from the blood to sites of infection mediated by VLA-4. Inflammatory monocytes play an important role in host defense against infections. Here the authors provide insights into the mechanism behind the recruitment of inflammatory monocytes to sites of infection by demonstrating the involvement of Toll-like receptor 4 and MAIR-II immunoreceptors in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Totsuka
- 1] Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [2] Department of Immunology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yun-Gi Kim
- 1] Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [2] Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [3] Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 East Medical Center Dr-4111 CCGC, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Kazumasa Kanemaru
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kouta Niizuma
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Eiji Umemoto
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kei Nagai
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoko Tahara-Hanaoka
- 1] Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [2] Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Chigusa Nakahasi-Oda
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Honda
- 1] Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [2] Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyasaka
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuko Shibuya
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Shibuya
- 1] Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [2] Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [3] Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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12
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Ferreira MAR, Matheson MC, Tang CS, Granell R, Ang W, Hui J, Kiefer AK, Duffy DL, Baltic S, Danoy P, Bui M, Price L, Sly PD, Eriksson N, Madden PA, Abramson MJ, Holt PG, Heath AC, Hunter M, Musk B, Robertson CF, Le Souëf P, Montgomery GW, Henderson AJ, Tung JY, Dharmage SC, Brown MA, James A, Thompson PJ, Pennell C, Martin NG, Evans DM, Hinds DA, Hopper JL. Genome-wide association analysis identifies 11 risk variants associated with the asthma with hay fever phenotype. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 133:1564-71. [PMID: 24388013 PMCID: PMC4280183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, no genome-wide association study (GWAS) has considered the combined phenotype of asthma with hay fever. Previous analyses of family data from the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study provide evidence that this phenotype has a stronger genetic cause than asthma without hay fever. OBJECTIVE We sought to perform a GWAS of asthma with hay fever to identify variants associated with having both diseases. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of GWASs comparing persons with both physician-diagnosed asthma and hay fever (n = 6,685) with persons with neither disease (n = 14,091). RESULTS At genome-wide significance, we identified 11 independent variants associated with the risk of having asthma with hay fever, including 2 associations reaching this level of significance with allergic disease for the first time: ZBTB10 (rs7009110; odds ratio [OR], 1.14; P = 4 × 10(-9)) and CLEC16A (rs62026376; OR, 1.17; P = 1 × 10(-8)). The rs62026376:C allele associated with increased asthma with hay fever risk has been found to be associated also with decreased expression of the nearby DEXI gene in monocytes. The 11 variants were associated with the risk of asthma and hay fever separately, but the estimated associations with the individual phenotypes were weaker than with the combined asthma with hay fever phenotype. A variant near LRRC32 was a stronger risk factor for hay fever than for asthma, whereas the reverse was observed for variants in/near GSDMA and TSLP. Single nucleotide polymorphisms with suggestive evidence for association with asthma with hay fever risk included rs41295115 near IL2RA (OR, 1.28; P = 5 × 10(-7)) and rs76043829 in TNS1 (OR, 1.23; P = 2 × 10(-6)). CONCLUSION By focusing on the combined phenotype of asthma with hay fever, variants associated with the risk of allergic disease can be identified with greater efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melanie C Matheson
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Clara S Tang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Departments of Psychiatry, Surgery, and Medicine, Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Raquel Granell
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Ang
- School of Women's and Infant's Health, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Australia
| | - Jennie Hui
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | | | - David L Duffy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Svetlana Baltic
- Lung Institute of Western Australia and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Patrick Danoy
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Minh Bui
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Loren Price
- Lung Institute of Western Australia and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Pamela A Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School, of Medicine, St Louis, Mo
| | - Michael J Abramson
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Patrick G Holt
- Telethon Institute of Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Australia
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School, of Medicine, St Louis, Mo
| | - Michael Hunter
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Bill Musk
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Colin F Robertson
- Respiratory Medicine, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter Le Souëf
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia
| | | | - A John Henderson
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew A Brown
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alan James
- Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Department of Pulmonary Physiology, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Philip J Thompson
- Lung Institute of Western Australia and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Craig Pennell
- School of Women's and Infant's Health, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Australia
| | | | - David M Evans
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - John L Hopper
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Cellier MFM. Cell-Type Specific Determinants of NRAMP1 Expression in Professional Phagocytes. BIOLOGY 2013; 2:233-83. [PMID: 24832660 PMCID: PMC4009858 DOI: 10.3390/biology2010233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1 or Solute carrier 11 member 1, Slc11a1) transports divalent metals across the membrane of late endosomes and lysosomes in professional phagocytes. Nramp1 represents an ancient eukaryotic cell-autonomous defense whereas the gene duplication that yielded Nramp1 and Nramp2 predated the origin of Sarcopterygians (lobe-finned fishes and tetrapods). SLC11A1 genetic polymorphisms associated with human resistance to tuberculosis consist of potential regulatory variants. Herein, current knowledge of the regulation of SLC11A1 gene expression is reviewed and comprehensive analysis of ENCODE data available for hematopoietic cell-types suggests a hypothesis for the regulation of SLC11A1 expression during myeloid development and phagocyte functional polarization. SLC11A1 is part of a 34.6 kb CTCF-insulated locus scattered with predicted regulatory elements: a 3' enhancer, a large 5' enhancer domain and four elements spread around the transcription start site (TSS), including several C/EBP and PU.1 sites. SLC11A1 locus ends appear mobilized by ETS-related factors early during myelopoiesis; activation of both 5' and 3' enhancers in myelo-monocytic cells correlate with transcription factor binding at the TSS. Characterizing the corresponding cis/trans determinants functionally will establish the mechanisms involved and possibly reveal genetic variation that impacts susceptibility to infectious or immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu F M Cellier
- Inrs-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531, Bd des prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
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14
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Kajiwara M, Ueno T, Fukuda N, Matsuda H, Shimokawa T, Kitai M, Tsunemi A, Fuke Y, Fujita T, Matsumoto K, Matsumoto Y, Ra C, Soma M. Development of pyrrole-imidazole polyamide targeting fc receptor common gamma chain for the treatment of immune-complex related renal disease. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:2028-35. [PMID: 22971693 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fcγ receptors I and III are thought to be involved in the development of lupus nephritis. Expression of Fc receptor common gamma chain (FcRγ) is necessary for the stable expression of Fcγ receptors I and III. The aim of this study was to develop a novel agent for the treatment of immune complex related renal disease using a gene regulator, pyrrole(Py)-imidazole(Im) (PI) polyamide, targeting the mouse FcRγ gene promoter. Two PI polyamides targeting FcRγ promoters were designed and synthesized. The effect of the PI polyamides on FcRγ mRNA expression was evaluated in J774.A cells by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and CD16/32 protein expression was determined by immunocytochemical analysis and flow cytometry. The effects of these polyamides on FcRγ gene expression and CD16/32 protein expression were evaluated in mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). One milligram per kilogram body weight of PI polyamide was injected via the tail vein every 2 d for 1 week and PBMCs were collected and analyzed. PI polyamide showed a specific binding to the target DNA in a gel mobility shift assay. Treatment of J774.A cells with 1.0 µM PI polyamide 1 significantly reduced FcRγ mRNA expression and CD16/32 surface protein expression in J774.A cells. Similarly, PI polyamide significantly decreased expression of FcRγ mRNA and CD16/32 in the PBMCs of C57B6 mice. PI polyamide designed to bind the FcRγ promoter decreased FcRγ gene and CD16/32 protein expression. PI polyamide targeting the FcRγ gene may be a novel gene regulator for the prevention of lupus nephritis or other immune complex-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamiko Kajiwara
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nihon University, 7–7–1 Narashinodai, Funabashi, Chiba 274–8555, Japan
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15
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Sugi Y, Takahashi K, Nakano K, Hosono A, Kaminogawa S. Transcription of the Tollip gene is elevated in intestinal epithelial cells through impaired O-GlcNAcylation-dependent nuclear translocation of the negative regulator Elf-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 412:704-9. [PMID: 21867680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) must be tolerant of the large number of commensal bacteria inhabiting the intestinal tract to avoid excessive inflammatory reactions. Toll-interacting protein (Tollip), a negative regulator of Toll-like receptor signaling, is known to be expressed at high levels in IECs, and to thereby contribute to the hyporesponsiveness of IECs to commensals. In this study, we analyzed the underlying mechanisms for elevated transcription of the Tollip gene in IECs using a human IEC line, Caco-2, and a human monocyte line, THP-1, as a control. Elf-1 was identified as a transcription factor that negatively regulates Tollip gene expression. The transcription factor Elf-1 was localized in the nucleus by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification, whereas the unmodified form was detected only in the cytoplasm. Comparison of Caco-2 and THP-1 cells revealed that O-GlcNAc modification of Elf-1 was significantly lower in IECs than in monocytes. Collectively, the results indicate that insufficient O-GlcNAc modification prevents Elf-1-mediated transcriptional repression and thereby upregulates Tollip gene expression in IECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Sugi
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
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16
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Li W, Liu CC, Zhang T, Li H, Waterman MS, Zhou XJ. Integrative analysis of many weighted co-expression networks using tensor computation. PLoS Comput Biol 2011; 7:e1001106. [PMID: 21698123 PMCID: PMC3116899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1001106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid accumulation of biological networks poses new challenges and calls for powerful integrative analysis tools. Most existing methods capable of simultaneously analyzing a large number of networks were primarily designed for unweighted networks, and cannot easily be extended to weighted networks. However, it is known that transforming weighted into unweighted networks by dichotomizing the edges of weighted networks with a threshold generally leads to information loss. We have developed a novel, tensor-based computational framework for mining recurrent heavy subgraphs in a large set of massive weighted networks. Specifically, we formulate the recurrent heavy subgraph identification problem as a heavy 3D subtensor discovery problem with sparse constraints. We describe an effective approach to solving this problem by designing a multi-stage, convex relaxation protocol, and a non-uniform edge sampling technique. We applied our method to 130 co-expression networks, and identified 11,394 recurrent heavy subgraphs, grouped into 2,810 families. We demonstrated that the identified subgraphs represent meaningful biological modules by validating against a large set of compiled biological knowledge bases. We also showed that the likelihood for a heavy subgraph to be meaningful increases significantly with its recurrence in multiple networks, highlighting the importance of the integrative approach to biological network analysis. Moreover, our approach based on weighted graphs detects many patterns that would be overlooked using unweighted graphs. In addition, we identified a large number of modules that occur predominately under specific phenotypes. This analysis resulted in a genome-wide mapping of gene network modules onto the phenome. Finally, by comparing module activities across many datasets, we discovered high-order dynamic cooperativeness in protein complex networks and transcriptional regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Li
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Chun-Chi Liu
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Haifeng Li
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Waterman
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Xianghong Jasmine Zhou
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Amino acid residues in the β3 strand and subsequent loop of the conserved ETS domain that mediate basic leucine zipper (bZIP) recruitment and potentially distinguish functional attributes of Ets proteins. Biochem J 2010; 430:129-39. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20091742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ets family members share a conserved DNA-binding ETS domain, and serve a variety of roles in development, differentiation and oncogenesis. Besides DNA binding, the ETS domain also participates in protein–protein interactions with other structurally unrelated transcription factors. Although this mechanism appears to confer tissue- or development stage-specific functions on individual Ets proteins, the biological significance of many of these interactions remains to be evaluated, because their molecular basis has been elusive. We previously demonstrated a direct interaction between the ETS domain of the widely expressed GABPα (GA-binding protein α) and the granulocyte inducer C/EBPα (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α), and suggested its involvement in co-operative transcriptional activation of myeloid-specific genes, such as human FCAR encoding FcαR [Fc receptor for IgA (CD89)]. By deletion analysis, we identified helix α3 and the β3/β4 region as the C/EBPα-interacting region. Domain-swapping of individual sub-domains with those of other Ets proteins allowed us to highlight β-strand 3 and the subsequent loop, which when exchanged by those of Elf-1 (E74-like factor 1) reduced the ability to recruit C/EBPα. Further analysis identified a four-amino acid swap mutation of this region (I387L/C388A/K393Q/F395L) that reduces both physical interaction and co-operative transcriptional activation with C/EBPα without affecting its transactivation capacity by itself. Moreover, re-ChIP (re-chromatin immunoprecipitation) analysis demonstrated that GABPα recruits C/EBPα to the FCAR promoter, depending on these residues. The identified amino acid residues could confer the specificity of the action on the Ets proteins in diverse biological processes through mediating the recruitment of its partner factor.
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18
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Interaction between the intestinal immune system and commensal bacteria and its effect on the regulation of allergic reactions. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2010; 74:691-5. [PMID: 20378987 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The immune system and the commensal bacteria in the intestine, which together form the intestinal symbiotic system, greatly contribute to regulation of allergy. Of the various types of cells constituting the intestinal immune system, this review focuses on epithelial cells and mast cells and the interaction of these cells with commensals. Mast cells express the high affinity IgE receptor FcepsilonRI which is essential to the induction of allergic inflammatory reactions. The molecular mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of genes encoding FcepsilonRI have been clarified. On the other hand, the expression of the molecules involved in microbe recognition is regulated in a specific manner in intestinal epithelial cells, which are continuously exposed to the commensals inhabiting the intestinal lumen, to prevent excessive inflammatory reactions. Microbial components directly regulate the functions of mast cells through Toll-like receptors. These aspects provide targets for the regulation of allergy based on the maintenance of the intestinal symbiotic system.
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Bruni F, Polosa PL, Gadaleta MN, Cantatore P, Roberti M. Nuclear respiratory factor 2 induces the expression of many but not all human proteins acting in mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication. J Biol Chem 2009; 285:3939-3948. [PMID: 19951946 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.044305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, NRF-2 (nuclear respiratory factor 2), also named GA-binding protein, is an Ets family transcription factor that controls many genes involved in cell cycle progression and protein synthesis as well as in mitochondrial biogenesis. In this paper, we analyzed the role of NRF-2 in the regulation of human genes involved in mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication. By a combination of bioinformatic and biochemical approaches, we found that the factor binds in vitro and in vivo to the proximal promoter region of the genes coding for the transcription termination factor mTERF, the RNA polymerase POLRMT, the B subunit of the DNA polymerase-gamma, the DNA helicase TWINKLE, and the single-stranded DNA-binding protein mtSSB. The role of NRF-2 in modulating the expression of those genes was further established by RNA interference and overexpression strategies. On the contrary, we found that NRF-2 does not control the genes for the subunit A of DNA polymerase-gamma and for the transcription repressor MTERF3; we suggest that these genes are under regulatory mechanisms that do not involve NRF proteins. Since NRFs are known to positively control the expression of transcription-activating proteins, the novelty emerging from our data is that proteins playing antithetical roles in mitochondrial DNA transcription, namely activators and repressors, are under different regulatory pathways. Finally, we developed a more stringent consensus with respect to the general consensus of NRF-2/GA-binding protein when searching for NRF-2 binding sites in the promoter of mitochondrial proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bruni
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology "Ernesto Quagliariello," University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari and
| | - Paola Loguercio Polosa
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology "Ernesto Quagliariello," University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari and
| | - Maria Nicola Gadaleta
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology "Ernesto Quagliariello," University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari and; the Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Palmiro Cantatore
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology "Ernesto Quagliariello," University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari and; the Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Marina Roberti
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology "Ernesto Quagliariello," University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari and.
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Takahashi K, Sugi Y, Hosono A, Kaminogawa S. Epigenetic Regulation of TLR4 Gene Expression in Intestinal Epithelial Cells for the Maintenance of Intestinal Homeostasis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 183:6522-9. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Hussein S, Michael P, Brabant D, Omri A, Narain R, Passi K, Ramana CV, Parrillo JE, Kumar A, Parissenti A, Kumar A. Characterization of human septic sera induced gene expression modulation in human myocytes. Int J Clin Exp Med 2009; 2:131-148. [PMID: 19684886 PMCID: PMC2719703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/31/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
To gain a better understanding of the gene expression changes that occurs during sepsis, we have performed a cDNA microarray study utilizing a tissue culture model that mimics human sepsis. This study utilized an in vitro model of cultured human fetal cardiac myocytes treated with 10% sera from septic patients or 10% sera from healthy volunteers. A 1700 cDNA expression microarray was used to compare the transcription profile from human cardiac myocytes treated with septic sera vs normal sera. Septic sera treatment of myocytes resulted in the down-regulation of 178 genes and the up-regulation of 4 genes. Our data indicate that septic sera induced cell cycle, metabolic, transcription factor and apoptotic gene expression changes in human myocytes. Identification and characterization of gene expression changes that occur during sepsis may lead to the development of novel therapeutics and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Hussein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Programme, Laurentian UniversitySudbury, ON, Canada, P3E 2C6
| | - Paul Michael
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Programme, Laurentian UniversitySudbury, ON, Canada, P3E 2C6
| | - Danielle Brabant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Programme, Laurentian UniversitySudbury, ON, Canada, P3E 2C6
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Programme, Laurentian UniversitySudbury, ON, Canada, P3E 2C6
| | - Ravin Narain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Programme, Laurentian UniversitySudbury, ON, Canada, P3E 2C6
| | - Kalpdrum Passi
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Laurentian UniversitySudbury, ON, Canada, P3E 2C6
| | | | - Joseph E. Parrillo
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Cooper University Hospital, Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolCamden, New Jersey, USA, 08103
| | - Anand Kumar
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Cooper University Hospital, Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolCamden, New Jersey, USA, 08103
- Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of ManitobaWinnipeg, MB, Canada, R3A 1R9
| | - Amadeo Parissenti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Programme, Laurentian UniversitySudbury, ON, Canada, P3E 2C6
| | - Aseem Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Programme, Laurentian UniversitySudbury, ON, Canada, P3E 2C6
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Lai CB, Zhang Y, Rogers SL, Mager DL. Creation of the two isoforms of rodent NKG2D was driven by a B1 retrotransposon insertion. Nucleic Acids Res 2009; 37:3032-43. [PMID: 19304755 PMCID: PMC2685100 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkp174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mouse gene for the natural killer (NK) cell-activating receptor Nkg2d produces two protein isoforms, NKG2D-S and NKG2D-L, which differ by 13 amino acids at the N-terminus and have different signalling capabilities. These two isoforms are produced through differential splicing, but their regulation has not been investigated. In this study, we show that rat Nkg2d has the same splicing pattern as that of the mouse, and we mapped transcriptional start sites in both species. We found that the splice forms arise from alternative promoters and that the NKG2D-L promoter is derived from a rodent B1 retrotransposon that inserted before mouse–rat divergence. This B1 insertion is associated with loss of a nearby splice acceptor site that subsequently allowed creation of the short NKG2D isoform found in mouse but not human. Transient reporter assays indicate that the B1 element is a strong promoter with no inherent lymphoid tissue-specificity. We have also identified different binding sites for the ETS family member GABP within both the mouse and rat B1 elements that are necessary for high-promoter activity and for full Nkg2d-L expression. These findings demonstrate that a retroelement insertion has led to gene-regulatory change and functional diversification of rodent NKG2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Benjamin Lai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Kleiber ML, Singh SM. Divergence of the vertebrate sp1A/ryanodine receptor domain and SOCS box-containing (Spsb) gene family and its expression and regulation within the mouse brain. Genomics 2009; 93:358-66. [PMID: 19101625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2008.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The Spsb family of genes encode well-conserved proteins of unknown function. Mammalian Spsb genes are likely the result of three separate duplication and divergence events during vertebrate evolution. The phylogenetic relationship along with expression and regulation of Spsb genes may offer insight into the evolution and function of this gene family in vertebrates. We have established that Spsb genes are expressed in numerous tissues, however their pattern and level of expression is tissue-dependent. Further, only Spsb1 is responsive to stress caused by ethanol exposure in the mouse brain, which suggests that Spsb genes have acquired different regulatory mechanisms. Analysis of cis-regulatory elements supports this, but also reveals some common regulatory modules involved in cell proliferation and stress response. Our results contribute to the growing body of data on the expression and function of Spsb genes, which serve as a model for studies on the origin, divergence and specialization of eukaryotic gene families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Kleiber
- Molecular Genetics Laboratories, Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7.
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Dang X, Raffler NA, Ley K. Transcriptional regulation of mouse L-selectin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2008; 1789:146-52. [PMID: 19041738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Revised: 10/14/2008] [Accepted: 10/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
L-selectin mediates the initial tethering and rolling of lymphocytes in high endothelial venules. To study the transcriptional regulation of mouse L-selectin, we cloned 4.5 kb 5'-flanking sequences of the mouse sell. Luciferase analysis of serial 5'-deletion mutants showed that the first 285 bp was sufficient to drive high promoter activity in EL4 cells, but not in Sell-negative HeLa cells, suggesting that this fragment harbors the minimal mouse sell promoter and contains cis-elements for lymphocyte-specific expression. Site-directed mutagenesis and chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that Mzf1, Klf2, Sp1, Ets1, and Irf1 bind to and activate the mouse sell promoter. Over expression of these transcription factors in EL4 cells increased expression of sell mRNA. Silencing the expression of Sp1 by siRNA significantly decreased sell promoter activity in EL4 cells. We conclude that sell transcription is regulated by Mzf1, Klf2, Sp1, Ets1, and Irf1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xitong Dang
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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