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Nuanpirom J, Suksri P, Yodsawat P, Sangket U, Sathapondecha P. Transcriptome profiling of gonad-stimulating factors in thoracic ganglia and a potential role of Indian hedgehog gene in vitellogenesis of banana shrimp Fenneropenaeus merguiensis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 47:101114. [PMID: 37542866 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Shrimp reproduction is controlled by several factors. Central nervous tissues, especially thoracic ganglia and brain, are known sources of gonad stimulating factors (GSFs) in crustaceans, but the GSFs in shrimp have not yet been clarified. Hence, we aimed to characterize and study putative GSFs from thoracic ganglia of adult female Fenneropenaeus merguiensis. An analysis of thoracic ganglia transcriptome revealed 3224 putative GSFs of a total 77,681 unigenes. Only 376 putative GSFs were differentially expressed during ovarian developmental stages. Eight candidate GSFs were validated for their expression patterns in thoracic ganglia, including the Indian hedgehog gene. F. merguiensis Indian hedgehog (FmIHH) was then investigated for its role in vitellogenesis. The obtained full-length cDNA of FmIHH was similar to other crustacean IHHs rather than Sonic and Desert HHs. The FmIHH was dominantly expressed in thoracic ganglia, and its expression was significantly increased in the vitellogenic stages before being downregulated at the mature stage of ovarian development. Injection of the recombinant FmIHH (His-TF-IHH) protein stimulated vitellogenin expression in ovaries on day 3 and 7, and also increased the gonadosomatic index. In addition, crustacean hyperglycemic hormone expression and total sugar were significantly decreased in eyestalks and hemolymph, respectively, after injection of His-TF-IHH, while lactic acid was increased. Both total sugar and lactic acid were unchanged in ovaries of His-TF-IHH injected shrimp. These results suggested that FmIHH plays a crucial role in vitellogenesis and regulate sugar uptake during ovarian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiratchaya Nuanpirom
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Phassorn Suksri
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Prasert Yodsawat
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Unitsa Sangket
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Ponsit Sathapondecha
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
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2
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Takaya J, Tanabe Y, Kaneko K. Sonic hedgehog N-terminal level correlates with adiponectin level and insulin resistance in adolescents. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023; 36:126-131. [PMID: 36585801 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2022-0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles released by nearly all types of cells. They deliver different types of substances, including proteins and nucleic acids, to nearby or distant cells and play a role in the mediation of cell-to-cell communication. The aim of this study was to explore the association between EVs and insulin resistance in adolescents with obesity or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). METHODS The subjects were eight adolescents with DM2 (DM2 group; four males and four females; age: 18.1 ± 2.3 years), 18 adolescents with simple obesity (obesity group; 12 males and six females; age: 12.2 ± 3.4 years), and 20 controls (control group; 10 males and 10 females; age: 13.0 ± 1.4 years). As markers of EVs, serum CD9/CD63 and sonic hedgehog N-terminal (Shh-N) levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The CD9/CD63 level in the control group was similar to that in the DM2 group, whereas the obesity group had a significantly higher CD9/CD63 level. In the entire study group, correlations were observed between serum Shh-N level and Homeostasis Model Assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score (r=0.371, p=0.0143), Homeostasis Model Assessment-β cell function score (r=0.382, p=0.0115), serum insulin level (r=0.350, p=0.0171), and serum adiponectin level (r=0.367, p=0.0122). Multiple regression analysis revealed that serum Shh-N level was the most significant risk factor for HOMA-IR score and serum insulin level. CONCLUSIONS Shh is correlated with insulin resistance via its association with adiponectin in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Takaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawachi General Hospital Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuko Tanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunari Kaneko
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
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3
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A Wrong Fate Decision in Adipose Stem Cells upon Obesity. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040662. [PMID: 36831329 PMCID: PMC9954614 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress has been made in identifying stem cell aging as a pathological manifestation of a variety of diseases, including obesity. Adipose stem cells (ASCs) play a core role in adipocyte turnover, which maintains tissue homeostasis. Given aberrant lineage determination as a feature of stem cell aging, failure in adipogenesis is a culprit of adipose hypertrophy, resulting in adiposopathy and related complications. In this review, we elucidate how ASC fails in entering adipogenic lineage, with a specific focus on extracellular signaling pathways, epigenetic drift, metabolic reprogramming, and mechanical stretch. Nonetheless, such detrimental alternations can be reversed by guiding ASCs towards adipogenesis. Considering the pathological role of ASC aging in obesity, targeting adipogenesis as an anti-obesity treatment will be a key area of future research, and a strategy to rejuvenate tissue stem cell will be capable of alleviating metabolic syndrome.
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Zingale VD, D’Angiolini S, Chiricosta L, Calcaterra V, Selvaggio GGO, Zuccotti G, Destro F, Pelizzo G, Mazzon E. Does Childhood Obesity Trigger Neuroinflammation? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081953. [PMID: 36009499 PMCID: PMC9405861 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is constantly increasing around the world, and it has become a major public health issue. Considerable evidence indicates that overweight and obesity are important risk factors for the development of comorbidities such as cognitive decline, neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. It is known that during obesity, adipose tissue undergoes immune, metabolic and functional changes which could induce a neuroinflammatory response of the central nervous system (CNS). In this context, to inspect if obesity can start to trigger the neuroinflammation from a pediatric age, we surgically collected and analyzed adipose tissue from the periumbilical area of three obese children (AT-OB) and two normal-weight children (AT-Ctrl). We considered the transcriptomic profile of our samples to detect alterations in different biological processes that might be also involved in the inflammatory and neuroinflammatory response. Our results show alterations of lipid and fatty acids metabolism in AT-OB compared to the AT-Ctrl. We also observed an onset of inflammatory response in AT-OB. Interestingly, among the genes involved in neuroinflammation, GRN and SMO were upregulated, while IFNGR1 and SNCA were downregulated. Our study highlights that obesity may trigger inflammation and neuroinflammation from a pediatric age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Domenica Zingale
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Simone D’Angiolini
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Chiricosta
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, “V. Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, “V. Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Destro
- Pediatric Surgery Department, “V. Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Pelizzo
- Pediatric Surgery Department, “V. Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
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5
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Zou Z, Wang H, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Chen R, Yang L. Inhibition of Gli1 suppressed hyperglycemia-induced meibomian gland dysfunction by promoting pparγ expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113109. [PMID: 35594713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the risk factors for meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD); however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. The current study aims to examine the effects of glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1), a transcription factor of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway, in the modulation of diabetic-related MGD. Here, using RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR, we examined the mRNA changes of Shh pathway involving genes. mRNA sequencing analysis showed that the Shh pathway involving genes Shh and Gli1 were markedly upregulated in diabetic MG, and qRT-PCR detection of Shh pathway-associated genes found that Gli1 expression increased most significantly. Contrary to the elevation of Gli1 level, the expression of pparγ was downregulated in diabetic MG and in high glucose treated organotypic cultured mouse MG. GANT61, an inhibitor of Gli1, effectively inhibited the reduction of pparγ expression and lipid accumulation induced by high glucose, which was suppressed by pparγ inhibitor T0070907. We further demonstrated that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) treatment also promoted the expression of Gli1 and pparγ in organotypic cultured mouse MG. AGEs inhibitor Aminoguanidine suppressed high glucose caused Gli1 upregulation in organotypic cultured mouse MG. These results suggest that suppression of Gli1 may be a potentially useful therapeutic option for diabetic-related MGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongzheng Zou
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Huifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingling Yang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.
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6
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Hamze M, Medina I, Delmotte Q, Porcher C. Contribution of Smoothened Receptor Signaling in GABAergic Neurotransmission and Chloride Homeostasis in the Developing Rodent Brain. Front Physiol 2021; 12:798066. [PMID: 34955901 PMCID: PMC8703190 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.798066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the early stages of the central nervous system growth and development, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an instructive trophic role for key events including neurogenesis, migration, synaptogenesis, and network formation. These actions are associated with increased concentration of chloride ions in immature neurons [(Cl−)i] that determines the depolarizing strength of ion currents mediated by GABAA receptors, a ligand-gated Cl− permeable ion channel. During neuron maturation the (Cl−)i progressively decreases leading to weakening of GABA induced depolarization and enforcing GABA function as principal inhibitory neurotransmitter. A neuron restricted potassium-chloride co-transporter KCC2 is a key molecule governing Cl− extrusion and determining the resting level of (Cl−)i in developing and mature mammalian neurons. Among factors controlling the functioning of KCC2 and the maturation of inhibitory circuits, is Smoothened (Smo), the transducer in the receptor complex of the developmental protein Sonic Hedgehog (Shh). Too much or too little Shh-Smo action will have mirror effects on KCC2 stability at the neuron membrane, the GABA inhibitory strength, and ultimately on the newborn susceptibility to neurodevelopmental disorders. Both canonical and non-canonical Shh-Smo signal transduction pathways contribute to the regulation of KCC2 and GABAergic synaptic activity. In this review, we discuss the recent findings of the action of Shh-Smo signaling pathways on chloride ions homeostasis through the control of KCC2 membrane trafficking, and consequently on inhibitory neurotransmission and network activity during postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Hamze
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INMED, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France.,INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) Unité, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France.,INMED (Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée), Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Igor Medina
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INMED, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France.,INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) Unité, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France.,INMED (Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée), Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Quentin Delmotte
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INMED, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France.,INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) Unité, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France.,INMED (Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée), Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Porcher
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INMED, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France.,INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) Unité, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France.,INMED (Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée), Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France
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7
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Zhang P, Sheng M, Du C, Chao Z, Xu H, Cheng X, Li C, Xu Y. Assessment of CircRNA Expression Profiles and Potential Functions in Brown Adipogenesis. Front Genet 2021; 12:769690. [PMID: 34745232 PMCID: PMC8569449 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.769690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized for energy expenditure, thus a better understanding of the regulators influencing BAT development could provide novel strategies to defense obesity. Many protein-coding genes, miRNAs, and lncRNAs have been investigated in BAT development, however, the expression patterns and functions of circRNA in brown adipogenesis have not been reported yet. This study determined the circRNA expression profiles across brown adipogenesis (proliferation, early differentiated, and fully differentiated stages) by RNA-seq. We identified 3,869 circRNAs and 36.9% of them were novel. We found the biogenesis of circRNA was significantly related to linear mRNA transcription, meanwhile, almost 70% of circRNAs were generated by alternative back-splicing. Next, we examined the cell-specific and differentiation stage-specific expression of circRNAs. Compared to white adipocytes, nearly 30% of them were specifically expressed in brown adipocytes. Further, time-series expression analysis showed circRNAs were dynamically expressed, and 117 differential expression circRNAs (DECs) in brown adipogenesis were identified, with 77 upregulated and 40 downregulated. Experimental validation showed the identified circRNAs could be successfully amplified and the expression levels detected by RNA-seq were reliable. For the potential functions of the circRNAs, GO analysis suggested that the decreased circRNAs were enriched in cell proliferation terms, while the increased circRNAs were enriched in development and thermogenic terms. Bioinformatics predictions showed that DECs contained numerous binding sites of functional miRNAs. More interestingly, most of the circRNAs contained multiple binding sites for the same miRNA, indicating that they may facilitate functions by acting as microRNA sponges. Collectively, we characterized the circRNA expression profiles during brown adipogenesis and provide numerous novel circRNAs candidates for future brown adipogenesis regulating studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Mingxuan Sheng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Chunyu Du
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Zhe Chao
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Haixia Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Xiaofang Cheng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Cencen Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Yongjie Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China.,Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
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8
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Jiang Y, Peng J, Song J, He J, Jiang M, Wang J, Ma L, Wang Y, Lin M, Wu H, Zhang Z, Gao D, Zhao Y. Loss of Hilnc prevents diet-induced hepatic steatosis through binding of IGF2BP2. Nat Metab 2021; 3:1569-1584. [PMID: 34750570 PMCID: PMC9235319 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00488-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway plays a critical role in regulating liver lipid metabolism and related diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show that the Hh signalling pathway induces a previously undefined long non-coding RNA (Hilnc, Hedgehog signalling-induced long non-coding RNA), which controls hepatic lipid metabolism. Mutation of the Gli-binding sites in the Hilnc promoter region (HilncBM/BM) decreases the expression of Hilnc in vitro and in vivo. HilncBM/BM and Hilnc-knockout mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis through attenuation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signalling pathway, as Hilnc directly interacts with IGF2BP2 to enhance Pparγ mRNA stability. Furthermore, we identify a potential functional human homologue of Hilnc, h-Hilnc, which has a similar function in regulating cellular lipid metabolism. These findings uncover a critical role of the Hh-Hilnc-IGF2BP2 signalling axis in lipid metabolism and suggest a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of diet-induced hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiao Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayin Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan He
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liya Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuang Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Moubin Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dong Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shangha, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
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9
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Kumar V, Xin X, Ma J, Tan C, Osna N, Mahato RI. Therapeutic targets, novel drugs, and delivery systems for diabetes associated NAFLD and liver fibrosis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113888. [PMID: 34314787 PMCID: PMC8440458 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the fourth-leading cause of death. Hyperglycemia induces various complications, including nephropathy, cirrhosis and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There are several etiological factors leading to liver disease development, which involve insulin resistance and oxidative stress. Free fatty acid (FFA) accumulation in the liver exerts oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses. Hepatocyte injury induces release of inflammatory cytokines from Kupffer cells (KCs), which are responsible for activating hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In this review, we will discuss various molecular targets for treating chronic liver diseases, including homeostasis of FFA, lipid metabolism, and decrease in hepatocyte apoptosis, role of growth factors, and regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and HSC activation. This review will also critically assess different strategies to enhance drug delivery to different cell types. Targeting nanocarriers to specific liver cell types have the potential to increase efficacy and suppress off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Xiaofei Xin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jingyi Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Chalet Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Natalia Osna
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Ram I Mahato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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10
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Nour OA, Ghoniem HA, Nader MA, Suddek GM. Impact of protocatechuic acid on high fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome sequelae in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 907:174257. [PMID: 34129881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the possible protective impact of protocatechuic acid (PCA) on high fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome (Mets) sequelae in rats. Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly grouped as follows: CTR group; PCA group; HFD group; HFD-PCA group and HFD-MET group. Rats were fed on standard diet or HFD for 14 weeks. HFD-fed rats exhibited significant decreases in food intake and adiponectin (ADP) level; yet, body weight and anthropometrical parameters were significantly increased. Moreover, insulin sensitivity was impaired as indicated by significant elevation in glucose AUC during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting serum glucose, fasting serum insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Furthermore, chronic HFD feeding elicited significant increases in serum lipid profile and free fatty acids (FFAs) with concomitant hepatic steatosis. Additionally, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 1b (Il-1b) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1) levels were increased. Also, HFD-fed rats exhibited an increase in MDA level, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities were decreased. Moreover, the insulin-signaling pathway was markedly impaired in soleus muscles as indicated by a decrease in insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation. Histopathologically, adipose tissues showed significant increase in adipocyte size. Also, flow cytometry analysis of adipose tissue confirmed a significant increase in the percentage of number of CD68+ cells. PCA administration succeeded to attenuate HFD-induced obesity, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation. In conclusion, PCA administration could protect against HFD-induced Mets, possibly via its hypoglycemic, insulin-sensitizing, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia A Nour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Hamdy A Ghoniem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manar A Nader
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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11
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Camps J, Breuls N, Sifrim A, Giarratana N, Corvelyn M, Danti L, Grosemans H, Vanuytven S, Thiry I, Belicchi M, Meregalli M, Platko K, MacDonald ME, Austin RC, Gijsbers R, Cossu G, Torrente Y, Voet T, Sampaolesi M. Interstitial Cell Remodeling Promotes Aberrant Adipogenesis in Dystrophic Muscles. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107597. [PMID: 32375047 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis and fat replacement in skeletal muscle are major complications that lead to a loss of mobility in chronic muscle disorders, such as muscular dystrophy. However, the in vivo properties of adipogenic stem and precursor cells remain unclear, mainly due to the high cell heterogeneity in skeletal muscles. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to decomplexify interstitial cell populations in healthy and dystrophic skeletal muscles. We identify an interstitial CD142-positive cell population in mice and humans that is responsible for the inhibition of adipogenesis through GDF10 secretion. Furthermore, we show that the interstitial cell composition is completely altered in muscular dystrophy, with a near absence of CD142-positive cells. The identification of these adipo-regulatory cells in the skeletal muscle aids our understanding of the aberrant fat deposition in muscular dystrophy, paving the way for treatments that could counteract degeneration in patients with muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Camps
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Natacha Breuls
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alejandro Sifrim
- Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Wellcome Genome Campus, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Nefele Giarratana
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marlies Corvelyn
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Danti
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanne Grosemans
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Vanuytven
- Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Irina Thiry
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, and Leuven Viral Vector Core, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marzia Belicchi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirella Meregalli
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Khrystyna Platko
- Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Melissa E MacDonald
- Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Richard C Austin
- Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Rik Gijsbers
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, and Leuven Viral Vector Core, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giulio Cossu
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Thierry Voet
- Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Wellcome Genome Campus, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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12
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Davis J, Mire E. Maternal obesity and developmental programming of neuropsychiatric disorders: An inflammatory hypothesis. Brain Neurosci Adv 2021; 5:23982128211003484. [PMID: 33889757 PMCID: PMC8040564 DOI: 10.1177/23982128211003484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity is associated with the development of a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders; however, the mechanisms behind this association are not fully understood. Comparison between maternal immune activation and maternal obesity reveals similarities in associated impairments and maternal cytokine profile. Here, we present a summary of recent evidence describing how inflammatory processes contribute towards the development of neuropsychiatric disorders in the offspring of obese mothers. This includes discussion on how maternal cytokine levels, fatty acids and placental inflammation may interact with foetal neurodevelopment through changes to microglial behaviour and epigenetic modification. We also propose an exosome-mediated mechanism for the disruption of brain development under maternal obesity and discuss potential intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Davis
- Hodge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Immunology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Erik Mire
- Hodge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Immunology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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13
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Sanchez DJ, Missiaen R, Skuli N, Steger DJ, Simon MC. Cell-Intrinsic Tumorigenic Functions of PPARγ in Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:598-611. [PMID: 33431608 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The role of PPAR gamma (PPARγ) has been well characterized in the developmental process of adipogenesis, yet its aberrant expression patterns and functions in cancer subtypes are less understood. Although PPARγ has been recently demonstrated to play non-cell-autonomous roles in promoting bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC) progression, underlying mechanisms of the cell-intrinsic oncogenic activity remain unknown. Here, we report robust expression and nuclear accumulation of PPARγ in 47% of samples of patients with UC, exceeding mRNA expression patterns published by The Cancer Genome Atlas. In vitro assays revealed for the first time that treatment of UC cells with PPARγ inverse agonist or PPARG knockout by CRISPR-Cas9 reduces proliferation, migration, and invasion of multiple established UC cell lines, most strongly in those characterized by PPARG genomic amplification or activating mutations of RXRA, the obligate heterodimer of PPARγ. Through genome-wide approaches including chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA sequencing, we define a novel set of PPARγ-regulated genes in UC, including Sonic Hedgehog (SHH). Similar to PPARγ, genetic inhibition of SHH reduces proliferation and motility. Finally, we demonstrate the PPARγ dependency of UC tumors in vivo by genetic and pharmacologic PPARγ inhibition in subcutaneous xenografts. Collectively, our data indicate that PPARγ promotes UC progression in a subset of patients, at least in part, through cell-autonomous mechanisms linked to SHH signaling. IMPLICATIONS: Genome-wide analysis of DNA-binding sites for oncogenic factor PPARγ revealed SHH as a novel downstream target involved in UC progression, providing important insight into the tumorigenic nature and molecular mechanism of PPARγ signaling in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J Sanchez
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rindert Missiaen
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicolas Skuli
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David J Steger
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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14
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The crosstalk of hedgehog, PI3K and Wnt pathways in diabetes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 698:108743. [PMID: 33382998 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia causes pancreatic β-cells to release insulin that then attaches to a specific expression of receptor isoform and reverses high glucose concentrations. It is well known that insulin is capable of initiating insulin-receptor substrate (IRS)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB) signaling pathways in target cells; such as liver, adipose tissues, and muscles. However, recent discoveries indicate that many other pathways, such as the Hedgehog (Hh) and growth factor-stimulating Wingless-related integration (Wnt) signaling pathways; are activated in hyperglycaemia as well. Although these two pathways are traditionally thought to have a decisive role in cellular growth and differentiation only, recent reports show that they are involved in regulating cellular homeostasis and energy balance. While insulin-activated IRS/PI3K/PKB pathway cascades are primarily known to reduce glucose production, it was recently discovered to increase the Hh signaling pathway's stability, thereby activating the PI3K/PKB/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) signaling pathway. The Hh signaling pathway not only plays a role in lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, inflammatory response, diabetes-related complications, but crosstalks with the Wnt signaling pathway resulting in improved insulin sensitivity and decrease inflammatory response in diabetes.
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15
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Zhang Z, Zhang XX, Liu ZF, Guo XR, Cui XW, Ji CB, Zhong H, Chi X. Inhibition of hedgehog signaling promotes white adipose tissue browning. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110970. [PMID: 32738443 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) browning is a potential strategy to treat obesity, and is characterized by the formation of brown adipocytes induced by cold or β-3 adrenergic receptor (β-3AR) agonist treatment. The hedgehog (Hh) signaling at the primary cilium is closely related to obesity, and plays a key role in the differentiation and adipogenesis of adipocytes. However, little is known about its effects on WAT browning. In this study, browning models were used to evaluate the activity and effect of Hh signaling on WAT browning using Hh antagonists, agonist, and small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) specific for glioma-associated oncogene homologue 1 (Gli1), smoothened (Smo), and suppressor of fused (Sufu). We observed that Hh signaling activity was inhibited during the browning process both in vivo and in vitro. Further, Hh signaling inhibition enhanced WAT browning, while its activation attenuated norepinephrine-induced browning. Thus, the inhibition of Hh signaling promotes WAT browning and therefore, Hh signaling may be a therapeutic target against obesity and associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhang
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiao Xiao Zhang
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Zhi Feng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xi Rong Guo
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Xian Wei Cui
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Chen Bo Ji
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Hong Zhong
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Xia Chi
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China.
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16
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Tang L, Li P, Li L. Whole transcriptome expression profiles in placenta samples from women with gestational diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11:1307-1317. [PMID: 32174045 PMCID: PMC7477506 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) have recently been shown to be involved in various biological processes. However, most of these ncRNAs are of unknown function or without annotation. This study first investigated the whole transcriptome profiles of placentas to identify the potential functions that ncRNAs exerted in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Six placenta samples from healthy pregnant women (n = 3) and GDM (n = 3) were collected to analyze the whole transcriptome profiles by high-throughput sequencing. Differentially expressed ncRNAs were further validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction on an independent set of normal (n = 20) and GDM (n = 20) placenta samples. RESULTS A total of 2,817 microRNAs (miRNAs), 23,339 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 9,513 circular RNAs (circRNAs) were identified. There were 290 differentially expressed ncRNAs in GDM placentas compared with the placentas of healthy pregnant women. Two miRNAs, 86 lncRNAs and 55 circRNAs were upregulated, while two miRNAs, 86 lncRNAs and 59 circRNAs were downregulated in GDM. The expression of the selected ncRNAs, which were further validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, was consistent with the sequencing results. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that the major targets of these ncRNAs were associated with insulin resistance, and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. A GDM-related competing endogenous RNA network suggested the interactions between lncRNAs, circRNAs, messenger RNAs and miRNAs. CONCLUSIONS The whole transcriptome profiles significantly differed in GDM placentas compared with the placentas of healthy pregnant women, which might be valuable for detecting novel ncRNAs, and providing new research insights into exploring the pathogenic mechanisms of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tang
- Department of EndocrinologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Ping Li
- Department of EndocrinologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Ling Li
- Department of EndocrinologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Endocrine DiseasesShenyangChina
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17
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Chu XY, Yang SZ, Zhu MQ, Zhang DY, Shi XC, Xia B, Yuan Y, Liu M, Wu JW. Isorhapontigenin Improves Diabetes in Mice via Regulating the Activity and Stability of PPARγ in Adipocytes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:3976-3985. [PMID: 32178518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Isorhapontigenin is a natural bioactive stilbene isolated from various plants and fruits. It has been reported to exhibit several physiological activities including anticancer and anti-inflammation activity in vitro and in experimental animal models. This study aimed to investigate whether isorhapontigenin exerts antidiabetic effects in vivo. To this end, diabetic db/db mice were treated with either 25 mg kg-1 of isorhapontigenin or vehicle intraperitoneally for a period of 5 weeks. The results show that isorhapontigenin treatment significantly reduced postprandial levels of glucose, insulin, as well as free fatty acid, three markers of diabetes. Further studies show that isorhapontigenin treatment markedly improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance of db/db mice as shown by ITT and GTT. Together, these physiological results show that isorhapontigenin possesses antidiabetic properties in vivo. Mechanistically, the isorhapontigenin-mediated antidiabetic effect is caused by favorable changes in adipose tissue, including reductions in adipocyte diameter and improved adipose insulin sensitivity. Further studies with 3T3-L1 cells show that isorhapontigenin treatment promotes preadipocyte differentiation by upregulation of the activity of the master adipogenic regulator PPARγ and deceleration of its proteasomal degradation. Together, our results establish for the first time an important role of isorhapontigenin as a potential nutraceutical agent for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shi Zhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Meng Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dan Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiao Chen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Bo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiang Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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18
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Kaur S, Nag A, Gangenahalli G, Sharma K. Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma Sensitizes Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma to Gamma Irradiation Induced Apoptosis. Front Genet 2019; 10:554. [PMID: 31263479 PMCID: PMC6585470 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptors known as peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) are lipid-activated transcription factors that have emerged as key regulators of inflammation. PPARG ligands have been shown to have an anti-proliferative effect on a variety of cancers. These ligands can induce apoptosis via TP53 (Tumor protein p53) or ERK1/2 (Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2) (EPHB2) pathways. However, the exact mechanism is not known. PPAR, a type II nuclear hormone receptor deserves attention as a selective target for radiotherapy. Our study examines the potential of selective agonism of PPARG for radiation therapy in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). We found that the overexpression of PPARG protein as well as its induction using the agonist, rosiglitazone was able to stimulate radiation-induced cell death in otherwise radio resistant NSCLC A549 cell line. This cell death was apoptotic and was found to be BAX (BCL2 associated X) mediated. The treatment also inhibited radiation-induced AKT (Protein Kinase B) phosphorylation. Interestingly, the ionising radiation (IR) induced apoptosis was found to be inversely related to TP53 levels. A relatively significant increase in the levels of radiation induced apoptosis was observed in H1299 cells (TP53 null) under PPARG overexpression condition further supporting the inverse relationship between apoptosis and TP53 levels. The combination of PPARG agonist and radiation was able to induce apoptosis at a radiation dose at which A549 and H1299 are radioresistant, thus confirming the potential of the combinatorial strategy. Taken together, PPARG agonism was found to invigorate the radiosensitising effect and hence its use in combination with radiotherapy is expected to enhance sensitivity in otherwise resistant cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Kaur
- Division of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, New Delhi, India.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Alo Nag
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Gurudutta Gangenahalli
- Division of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Sharma
- Division of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, New Delhi, India
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