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Rivera-Millot A, Harrison LB, Veyrier FJ. Copper management strategies in obligate bacterial symbionts: balancing cost and benefit. Emerg Top Life Sci 2024; 8:29-35. [PMID: 38095549 PMCID: PMC10903467 DOI: 10.1042/etls20230113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria employ diverse mechanisms to manage toxic copper in their environments, and these evolutionary strategies can be divided into two main categories: accumulation and rationalization of metabolic pathways. The strategies employed depend on the bacteria's lifestyle and environmental context, optimizing the metabolic cost-benefit ratio. Environmental and opportunistically pathogenic bacteria often possess an extensive range of copper regulation systems in order to respond to variations in copper concentrations and environmental conditions, investing in diversity and/or redundancy as a safeguard against uncertainty. In contrast, obligate symbiotic bacteria, such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Bordetella pertussis, tend to have specialized and more parsimonious copper regulation systems designed to function in the relatively stable host environment. These evolutionary strategies maintain copper homeostasis even in challenging conditions like encounters within phagocytic cells. These examples highlight the adaptability of bacterial copper management systems, tailored to their specific lifestyles and environmental requirements, in the context of an evolutionary the trade-off between benefits and energy costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Rivera-Millot
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Bacterial Symbionts Evolution, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Luke B. Harrison
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Bacterial Symbionts Evolution, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Frédéric J. Veyrier
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Bacterial Symbionts Evolution, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7, Canada
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2
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Tucci FJ, Rosenzweig AC. Direct Methane Oxidation by Copper- and Iron-Dependent Methane Monooxygenases. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1288-1320. [PMID: 38305159 PMCID: PMC10923174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes significantly to climate change and is primarily regulated in Nature by methanotrophic bacteria, which consume methane gas as their source of energy and carbon, first by oxidizing it to methanol. The direct oxidation of methane to methanol is a chemically difficult transformation, accomplished in methanotrophs by complex methane monooxygenase (MMO) enzyme systems. These enzymes use iron or copper metallocofactors and have been the subject of detailed investigation. While the structure, function, and active site architecture of the copper-dependent particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) have been investigated extensively, its putative quaternary interactions, regulation, requisite cofactors, and mechanism remain enigmatic. The iron-dependent soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) has been characterized biochemically, structurally, spectroscopically, and, for the most part, mechanistically. Here, we review the history of MMO research, focusing on recent developments and providing an outlook for future directions of the field. Engineered biological catalysis systems and bioinspired synthetic catalysts may continue to emerge along with a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of biological methane oxidation. Harnessing the power of these enzymes will necessitate combined efforts in biochemistry, structural biology, inorganic chemistry, microbiology, computational biology, and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Tucci
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amy C Rosenzweig
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Kunkle DE, Skaar EP. Moving metals: How microbes deliver metal cofactors to metalloproteins. Mol Microbiol 2023; 120:547-554. [PMID: 37408317 PMCID: PMC10592388 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
First row d-block metal ions serve as vital cofactors for numerous essential enzymes and are therefore required nutrients for all forms of life. Despite this requirement, excess free transition metals are toxic. Free metal ions participate in the production of noxious reactive oxygen species and mis-metalate metalloproteins, rendering enzymes catalytically inactive. Thus, bacteria require systems to ensure metalloproteins are properly loaded with cognate metal ions to maintain protein function, while avoiding metal-mediated cellular toxicity. In this perspective we summarize the current mechanistic understanding of bacterial metallocenter maturation with specific emphasis on metallochaperones; a group of specialized proteins that both shield metal ions from inadvertent reactions and distribute them to cognate target metalloproteins. We highlight several recent advances in the field that have implicated new classes of proteins in the distribution of metal ions within bacterial proteins, while speculating on the future of the field of bacterial metallobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillon E. Kunkle
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eric P. Skaar
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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4
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Lee J, Dalton RA, Baslé A, Vita N, Dennison C. Important Structural Features of Thiolate-Rich Four-Helix Bundles for Cu(I) Uptake and Removal. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:6617-6628. [PMID: 37057906 PMCID: PMC10155185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
A family of bacterial copper storage proteins (the Csps) possess thiolate-lined four-helix bundles whose cores can be filled with Cu(I) ions. The majority of Csps are cytosolic (Csp3s), and in vitro studies carried out to date indicate that the Csp3s from Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b (MtCsp3), Bacillus subtilis (BsCsp3), and Streptomyces lividans (SlCsp3) are alike. Bioinformatics have highlighted homologues with potentially different Cu(I)-binding properties from these characterized "classical" Csp3s. Determination herein of the crystal structure of the protein (RkCsp3) from the methanotroph Methylocystis sp. strain Rockwell with Cu(I) bound identifies this as the first studied example of a new subgroup of Csp3s. The most significant structural difference from classical Csp3s is the presence of only two Cu(I) sites at the mouth of the bundle via which Cu(I) ions enter and leave. This is due to the absence of three Cys residues and a His-containing motif, which allow classical Csp3s to bind five to six Cu(I) ions in this region. Regardless, RkCsp3 exhibits rapid Cu(I) binding and the fastest measured Cu(I) removal rate for a Csp3 when using high-affinity ligands as surrogate partners. New experiments on classical Csp3s demonstrate that their His-containing motif is not essential for fast Cu(I) uptake and removal. Other structural features that could be important for these functionally relevant in vitro properties are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeick Lee
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Rosemary A. Dalton
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Arnaud Baslé
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Nicolas Vita
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
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Mrudulakumari Vasudevan U, Mai DHA, Krishna S, Lee EY. Methanotrophs as a reservoir for bioactive secondary metabolites: Pitfalls, insights and promises. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 63:108097. [PMID: 36634856 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Methanotrophs are potent natural producers of several bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs) including isoprenoids, polymers, peptides, and vitamins. Cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters identified from these microbes via genome mining hinted at the vast and hidden SM biosynthetic potential of these microbes. Central carbon metabolism in methanotrophs offers rare pathway intermediate pools that could be further diversified using advanced synthetic biology tools to produce valuable SMs; for example, plant polyketides, rare carotenoids, and fatty acid-derived SMs. Recent advances in pathway reconstruction and production of isoprenoids, squalene, ectoine, polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer, cadaverine, indigo, and shinorine serve as proof-of-concept. This review provides theoretical guidance for developing methanotrophs as microbial chassis for high-value SMs. We summarize the distinct secondary metabolic potentials of type I and type II methanotrophs, with specific attention to products relevant to biomedical applications. This review also includes native and non-native SMs from methanotrophs, their therapeutic potential, strategies to induce silent biosynthetic gene clusters, and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushasree Mrudulakumari Vasudevan
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dung Hoang Anh Mai
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Shyam Krishna
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
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Theillet FX, Luchinat E. In-cell NMR: Why and how? PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 132-133:1-112. [PMID: 36496255 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy has been applied to cells and tissues analysis since its beginnings, as early as 1950. We have attempted to gather here in a didactic fashion the broad diversity of data and ideas that emerged from NMR investigations on living cells. Covering a large proportion of the periodic table, NMR spectroscopy permits scrutiny of a great variety of atomic nuclei in all living organisms non-invasively. It has thus provided quantitative information on cellular atoms and their chemical environment, dynamics, or interactions. We will show that NMR studies have generated valuable knowledge on a vast array of cellular molecules and events, from water, salts, metabolites, cell walls, proteins, nucleic acids, drugs and drug targets, to pH, redox equilibria and chemical reactions. The characterization of such a multitude of objects at the atomic scale has thus shaped our mental representation of cellular life at multiple levels, together with major techniques like mass-spectrometry or microscopies. NMR studies on cells has accompanied the developments of MRI and metabolomics, and various subfields have flourished, coined with appealing names: fluxomics, foodomics, MRI and MRS (i.e. imaging and localized spectroscopy of living tissues, respectively), whole-cell NMR, on-cell ligand-based NMR, systems NMR, cellular structural biology, in-cell NMR… All these have not grown separately, but rather by reinforcing each other like a braided trunk. Hence, we try here to provide an analytical account of a large ensemble of intricately linked approaches, whose integration has been and will be key to their success. We present extensive overviews, firstly on the various types of information provided by NMR in a cellular environment (the "why", oriented towards a broad readership), and secondly on the employed NMR techniques and setups (the "how", where we discuss the past, current and future methods). Each subsection is constructed as a historical anthology, showing how the intrinsic properties of NMR spectroscopy and its developments structured the accessible knowledge on cellular phenomena. Using this systematic approach, we sought i) to make this review accessible to the broadest audience and ii) to highlight some early techniques that may find renewed interest. Finally, we present a brief discussion on what may be potential and desirable developments in the context of integrative studies in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois-Xavier Theillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Enrico Luchinat
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; CERM - Magnetic Resonance Center, and Neurofarba Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Lee J, Dalton RA, Dennison C. Copper delivery to an endospore coat protein of Bacillus subtilis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:916114. [PMID: 36133923 PMCID: PMC9484137 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.916114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A family of cytosolic copper (Cu) storage proteins (the Csps) bind large quantities of Cu(I) via their Cys-lined four-helix bundles, and the majority are cytosolic (Csp3s). The presence of Csp3s in many bacteria appears inconsistent with the current dogma that bacteria, unlike eukaryotes, have evolved not to maintain intracellular pools of Cu due to its potential toxicity. Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis has been used to investigate if a Csp3 binds Cu(I) in the cytosol for a target enzyme. The activity of the Cu-requiring endospore multi-Cu oxidase BsCotA (a laccase) increases under Cu-replete conditions in wild type B. subtilis. In the strain lacking BsCsp3 lower BsCotA activity is observed and is unaffected by Cu levels. BsCsp3 loaded with Cu(I) readily activates apo-BsCotA in vitro. Experiments with a high affinity Cu(I) chelator demonstrate that Cu(I) transfer from Cu(I)-BsCsp3 must occur via an associative mechanism. BsCsp3 and BsCotA are both upregulated during late sporulation. We hypothesise that BsCsp3 acquires cuprous ions in the cytosol of B. subtilis for BsCotA.
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Wyszkowska J, Borowik A, Zaborowska M, Kucharski J. Mitigation of the Adverse Impact of Copper, Nickel, and Zinc on Soil Microorganisms and Enzymes by Mineral Sorbents. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155198. [PMID: 35955133 PMCID: PMC9369485 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous studies on the influence of heavy metals on soil health, the search for effective, eco-friendly, and economically viable remediation substances is far from over. This encouraged us to carry out a study under strictly controlled conditions to test the effects of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ added to soil in amounts of 150 mg·kg−1 d.m. of soil on the soil microbiome, on the activity of two oxidoreductases and five hydrolases, and on the growth and development of the sunflower Helianthus annunus L. The remediation substances were a molecular sieve, halloysite, sepiolite, expanded clay, zeolite, and biochar. It has been demonstrated that the most severe turbulences in the soil microbiome, its activity, and the growth of Helianthus annunus L. were caused by Ni2+, followed by Cu2+, and the mildest negative effect was produced by Zn2+. The adverse impact of heavy metals on the soil microbiome and its activity was alleviated by the applied sorbents. Their application also contributed to the increased biomass of plants, which is significant for the successful phytoextraction of these metals from soil. Irrespective of which property was analysed, sepiolite can be recommended for the remediation of soil polluted with Ni2+ and zeolite—for soil polluted with Cu2+ and Zn2+. Both sorbents mitigated to the highest degree disturbances caused by the tested metals in the soil environment.
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Novoa-Aponte L, Argüello JM. Unique underlying principles shaping copper homeostasis networks. J Biol Inorg Chem 2022; 27:509-528. [PMID: 35802193 PMCID: PMC9470648 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-022-01947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Copper is essential in cells as a cofactor for key redox enzymes. Bacteria have acquired molecular components that sense, uptake, distribute, and expel copper ensuring that cuproenzymes are metallated and steady-state metal levels are maintained. Toward preventing deleterious reactions, proteins bind copper ions with high affinities and transfer the metal via ligand exchange, warranting that copper ions are always complexed. Consequently, the directional copper distribution within cell compartments and across cell membranes requires specific dynamic interactions and metal exchange between cognate holo-apo protein partners. These metal exchange reactions are determined by thermodynamic and kinetics parameters and influenced by mass action. Then, copper distribution can be conceptualized as a molecular system of singular interacting elements that maintain a physiological copper homeostasis. This review focuses on the impact of copper high-affinity binding and exchange reactions on the homeostatic mechanisms, the conceptual models to describe the cell as a homeostatic system, the various molecule functions that contribute to copper homeostasis, and the alternative system architectures responsible for copper homeostasis in model bacteria. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Novoa-Aponte
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 60 Prescott St, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.,Genetics and Metabolism Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - José M Argüello
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 60 Prescott St, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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Wide Spectrum Potent Antimicrobial Efficacy of Wound Dressings Impregnated with Cuprous Oxide Microparticles. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres13030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper has intrinsic antimicrobial properties. Wound dressings impregnated with cuprous oxide microparticles (hereafter termed COD) have been cleared for the management of acute and chronic wounds by the FDA and other regulatory bodies. The COD reduced the viable microbial titers of a wide spectrum of microbes by more than 10,000-fold (4-logs) within 3 h of exposure at 37 °C (p < 0.001). Similar microbial titer reductions were achieved by 3-year naturally aged COD dressings, showing the stability of the biocidal efficacy over time. The potent biocidal efficacy of the COD was maintained even after 7 daily consecutive inoculations of the dressings with ~106 CFU. COD with an adhesive contour blocked the passage of bacteria from the exterior environment to the wound bed side of the dressing even after 7 daily consecutive inoculations of different bacteria on the outer surface of the dressings. Taken together, the study demonstrates the wide spectrum potent in vitro biocidal efficacy of the cuprous oxide impregnated dressings against a wide panel of microorganisms.
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Yang J, Gao M, Wang J, He C, Wang X, Liu L. Structural basis of copper binding by a dimeric periplasmic protein forming a six-helical bundle. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 229:111728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Prospects for the creation of antimicrobial preparations based on copper and copper oxides nanoparticles. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2021. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2021-6.6-2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of strains of microorganisms that are multidrug resistant to modern antimicrobial drugs is still an urgent problem in the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases and public health in general.Currently, the possibility of using metal nanopreparations in various fields of medicine is being actively studied. Nanoparticles of metals and metal oxides are promising antimicrobial agents and are attracting growing interest due to their effectiveness. Nanoscale copper metal particles have shown high antimicrobial activity againstvarious types of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi. Taking into account the potential of copper nanoparticles in antimicrobial therapy, we present an overview of the current state of research related to their antimicrobial properties, consideration of the mechanisms of action, key factors affecting antimicrobial activity, including the polymer matrix. The issues of toxicity and resistance to copper are considered. The advantage of copper nanoparticles over other metal nanoparticles is shown.The studies summarized in this review have shown the promise of copper nanoparticles in the creation of new antimicrobial drugs that can be used in the future to control, prevent, and treat various diseases.
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Lin S, Song Y, Huo Y, Wang Q, Liu X, Gao Y, Fan W, Huo M. Cu transport and distribution in different cellular fractions of Klebsiella oxytoca strain CAV 1374. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126416. [PMID: 34153614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study elucidated copper (Cu) transport and trafficking mechanisms at the cellular interface using the Cu-resistant strain Klebsiella oxytoca CAV 1374. The optimum conditions for biosorption were determined by investigating uptake rates due to initial pH, initial Cu concentrations, and maximum tolerated concentrations (MTC) of Cu. Cellular fraction analysis and depth-profiling XPS were used to comprehensively evaluate the spatial-temporal distribution of Cu on cellular interfaces during biosorption. Potential uptake mechanisms were then further examined by biosorption kinetics analyses, ion exchange experiments, FTIR analysis, and K+ channel blocking experiments. The results indicated that Cu was primarily absorbed by extracellular polymeric substances through chemical interactions and little Cu penetrated inside cells under low Cu stress conditions (≤20 mg/L). In contrast, an intracellular rate-controlling physical interaction was predominant under high Cu stress conditions (≥30 mg/L). Further, Cu2+ could be bound by functional groups, followed first by replacement of Ca2+ at the cell surface. Subsequently, some of the Cu2+ in cell walls was reduced to Cu+, and only Cu+ could then penetrate into cell membranes. These results indicate that strain Klebsiella oxytoca CAV 1374 is a suitable biosorbent agent for Cu removal and can provide critical insights into Cu-uptake mechanisms of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Lin
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yinghao Song
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yang Huo
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xiangru Liu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Ya Gao
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Wei Fan
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Mingxin Huo
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
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Alonso-Reyes DG, Galván FS, Portero LR, Alvarado NN, Farías ME, Vazquez MP, Albarracín VH. Genomic insights into an andean multiresistant soil actinobacterium of biotechnological interest. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:166. [PMID: 34463818 PMCID: PMC8405860 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Central-Andean Ecosystems (between 2000 and 6000 m above sea level (masl) are typical arid-to-semiarid environments suffering from the highest total solar and ultraviolet-B radiation on the planet but displaying numerous salt flats and shallow lakes. Andean microbial ecosystems isolated from these environments are of exceptional biodiversity enduring multiple severe conditions. Furthermore, the polyextremophilic nature of the microbes in such ecosystems indicates the potential for biotechnological applications. Within this context, the study undertaken used genome mining, physiological and microscopical characterization to reveal the multiresistant profile of Nesterenkonia sp. Act20, an actinobacterium isolated from the soil surrounding Lake Socompa, Salta, Argentina (3570 masl). Ultravioet-B, desiccation, and copper assays revealed the strain's exceptional resistance to all these conditions. Act20's genome presented coding sequences involving resistance to antibiotics, low temperatures, ultraviolet radiation, arsenic, nutrient-limiting conditions, osmotic stress, low atmospheric-oxygen pressure, heavy-metal stress, and toxic fluoride and chlorite. Act20 can also synthesize proteins and natural products such as an insecticide, bacterial cellulose, ectoine, bacterial hemoglobin, and even antibiotics like colicin V and aurachin C. We also found numerous enzymes for animal- and vegetal-biomass degradation and applications in other industrial processes. The resilience of Act20 and its biotechnologic potential were thoroughly demonstrated in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gonzalo Alonso-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Fátima Silvina Galván
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Luciano Raúl Portero
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Natalia Noelia Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Farías
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA), Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Martín P Vazquez
- HERITAS-CONICET, Ocampo 210 bis, Predio CCT, 2000, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Virginia Helena Albarracín
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
- Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME, CONICET, UNT), Camino de Sirga s/n. FAZ, Finca El Manantial, 4107, Yerba Buena, Tucumán, Argentina.
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15
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Karthikeyan OP, Smith TJ, Dandare SU, Parwin KS, Singh H, Loh HX, Cunningham MR, Williams PN, Nichol T, Subramanian A, Ramasamy K, Kumaresan D. Metal(loid) speciation and transformation by aerobic methanotrophs. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:156. [PMID: 34229757 PMCID: PMC8262016 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01112-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Manufacturing and resource industries are the key drivers for economic growth with a huge environmental cost (e.g. discharge of industrial effluents and post-mining substrates). Pollutants from waste streams, either organic or inorganic (e.g. heavy metals), are prone to interact with their physical environment that not only affects the ecosystem health but also the livelihood of local communities. Unlike organic pollutants, heavy metals or trace metals (e.g. chromium, mercury) are non-biodegradable, bioaccumulate through food-web interactions and are likely to have a long-term impact on ecosystem health. Microorganisms provide varied ecosystem services including climate regulation, purification of groundwater, rehabilitation of contaminated sites by detoxifying pollutants. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of methanotrophs, a group of bacteria that can use methane as a sole carbon and energy source, to transform toxic metal (loids) such as chromium, mercury and selenium. In this review, we synthesise recent advances in the role of essential metals (e.g. copper) for methanotroph activity, uptake mechanisms alongside their potential to transform toxic heavy metal (loids). Case studies are presented on chromium, selenium and mercury pollution from the tanneries, coal burning and artisanal gold mining, respectively, which are particular problems in the developing economy that we propose may be suitable for remediation by methanotrophs. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obulisamy Parthiba Karthikeyan
- School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, UK
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Thomas J. Smith
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Shamsudeen Umar Dandare
- School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, UK
| | - Kamaludeen Sara Parwin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Heetasmin Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Hui Xin Loh
- School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, UK
| | - Mark R Cunningham
- School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, UK
| | - Paul Nicholas Williams
- School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, UK
| | - Tim Nichol
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | - Deepak Kumaresan
- School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, UK
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16
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von Rosen T, Keller LM, Weber-Ban E. Survival in Hostile Conditions: Pupylation and the Proteasome in Actinobacterial Stress Response Pathways. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:685757. [PMID: 34179091 PMCID: PMC8223512 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.685757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria employ a multitude of strategies to cope with the challenges they face in their natural surroundings, be it as pathogens, commensals or free-living species in rapidly changing environments like soil. Mycobacteria and other Actinobacteria acquired proteasomal genes and evolved a post-translational, ubiquitin-like modification pathway called pupylation to support their survival under rapidly changing conditions and under stress. The proteasomal 20S core particle (20S CP) interacts with ring-shaped activators like the hexameric ATPase Mpa that recruits pupylated substrates. The proteasomal subunits, Mpa and pupylation enzymes are encoded in the so-called Pup-proteasome system (PPS) gene locus. Genes in this locus become vital for bacteria to survive during periods of stress. In the successful human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the 20S CP is essential for survival in host macrophages. Other members of the PPS and proteasomal interactors are crucial for cellular homeostasis, for example during the DNA damage response, iron and copper regulation, and heat shock. The multiple pathways that the proteasome is involved in during different stress responses suggest that the PPS plays a vital role in bacterial protein quality control and adaptation to diverse challenging environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana von Rosen
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lena Ml Keller
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eilika Weber-Ban
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Han H, Zheng Y, Zhou T, Liu P, Li X. Cu(II) nonspecifically binding chromate reductase NfoR promotes Cr(VI) reduction. Environ Microbiol 2020; 23:415-430. [PMID: 33201569 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cu(II)-enhanced microbial Cr(VI) reduction is common in the environment, yet its mechanism is unknown. The specific activity of chromate reductase, NfoR, from Staphylococcus aureus sp. LZ-01 was augmented 1.5-fold by Cu(II). Isothermal titration calorimetry and spectral data show that Cu(II) binds to NfoR nonspecifically. Further, Cu(II) stimulates the nitrobenzene reduction of NfoR, indicating that Cu(II) promotes electron transfer. The crystal structure of NfoR in complex with CuSO4 (1.46 Å) was determined. The overall structure of NfoR-Cu(II) complex is a dimer that covalently binds with FMN and Cu(II)-binding pocket is located at the interface of the NfoR dimer. Structural superposition revealed that NfoR resembles the structure of class II chromate reductase. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that Leu46 and Phe123 were involved in NADH binding, whereas Trp70 and Ser45 were the key residues for nitrobenzene binding. Furthermore, His100 and Asp171 were preferential affinity sites for Cu(II) and that Cys163 is an active site for FMN binding. Attenuation reductase activity in C163S can be partially restored to 54% wild type by increasing Cu(II) concentration. Partial restoration indicates dual-channel electron transfer of NfoR via Cu(II) and FMN. We propose a catalytic mechanism for Cu(II)-enhanced NfoR activity in which Cu(I) is formed transiently. Together, the current results provide an insight on Cu (II)-induced enhancement and benefit of Cr(VI) bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawen Han
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tuoyu Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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18
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Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential metal for bacterial physiology but in excess it is bacteriotoxic. To limit Cu levels in the cytoplasm, most bacteria possess a transcriptionally responsive system for Cu export. In the Gram-positive human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus [GAS]), this system is encoded by the copYAZ operon. This study demonstrates that although the site of GAS infection represents a Cu-rich environment, inactivation of the copA Cu efflux gene does not reduce virulence in a mouse model of invasive disease. In vitro, Cu treatment leads to multiple observable phenotypes, including defects in growth and viability, decreased fermentation, inhibition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GapA) activity, and misregulation of metal homeostasis, likely as a consequence of mismetalation of noncognate metal-binding sites by Cu. Surprisingly, the onset of these effects is delayed by ∼4 h even though expression of copZ is upregulated immediately upon exposure to Cu. Further biochemical investigations show that the onset of all phenotypes coincides with depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH). Supplementation with extracellular GSH replenishes the intracellular pool of this thiol and suppresses all the observable effects of Cu treatment. These results indicate that GSH buffers excess intracellular Cu when the transcriptionally responsive Cu export system is overwhelmed. Thus, while the copYAZ operon is responsible for Cu homeostasis, GSH has a role in Cu tolerance and allows bacteria to maintain metabolism even in the presence of an excess of this metal ion.IMPORTANCE The control of intracellular metal availability is fundamental to bacterial physiology. In the case of copper (Cu), it has been established that rising intracellular Cu levels eventually fill the metal-sensing site of the endogenous Cu-sensing transcriptional regulator, which in turn induces transcription of a copper export pump. This response caps intracellular Cu availability below a well-defined threshold and prevents Cu toxicity. Glutathione, abundant in many bacteria, is known to bind Cu and has long been assumed to contribute to bacterial Cu handling. However, there is some ambiguity since neither its biosynthesis nor uptake is Cu-regulated. Furthermore, there is little experimental support for this physiological role of glutathione beyond measuring growth of glutathione-deficient mutants in the presence of Cu. Our work with group A Streptococcus provides new evidence that glutathione increases the threshold of intracellular Cu availability that can be tolerated by bacteria and thus advances fundamental understanding of bacterial Cu handling.
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19
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Andrei A, Öztürk Y, Khalfaoui-Hassani B, Rauch J, Marckmann D, Trasnea PI, Daldal F, Koch HG. Cu Homeostasis in Bacteria: The Ins and Outs. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E242. [PMID: 32962054 PMCID: PMC7558416 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10090242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for all living organisms and used as cofactor in key enzymes of important biological processes, such as aerobic respiration or superoxide dismutation. However, due to its toxicity, cells have developed elaborate mechanisms for Cu homeostasis, which balance Cu supply for cuproprotein biogenesis with the need to remove excess Cu. This review summarizes our current knowledge on bacterial Cu homeostasis with a focus on Gram-negative bacteria and describes the multiple strategies that bacteria use for uptake, storage and export of Cu. We furthermore describe general mechanistic principles that aid the bacterial response to toxic Cu concentrations and illustrate dedicated Cu relay systems that facilitate Cu delivery for cuproenzyme biogenesis. Progress in understanding how bacteria avoid Cu poisoning while maintaining a certain Cu quota for cell proliferation is of particular importance for microbial pathogens because Cu is utilized by the host immune system for attenuating pathogen survival in host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Andrei
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
- Fakultät für Biologie, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yavuz Öztürk
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
| | | | - Juna Rauch
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Dorian Marckmann
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
| | | | - Fevzi Daldal
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Hans-Georg Koch
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
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20
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Semrau JD, DiSpirito AA, Obulisamy PK, Kang-Yun CS. Methanobactin from methanotrophs: genetics, structure, function and potential applications. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2020; 367:5804726. [PMID: 32166327 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria of the Alphaproteobacteria have been found to express a novel ribosomally synthesized post-translationally modified polypeptide (RiPP) termed methanobactin (MB). The primary function of MB in these microbes appears to be for copper uptake, but MB has been shown to have multiple capabilities, including oxidase, superoxide dismutase and hydrogen peroxide reductase activities, the ability to detoxify mercury species, as well as acting as an antimicrobial agent. Herein, we describe the diversity of known MBs as well as the genetics underlying MB biosynthesis. We further propose based on bioinformatics analyses that some methanotrophs may produce novel forms of MB that have yet to be characterized. We also discuss recent findings documenting that MBs play an important role in controlling copper availability to the broader microbial community, and as a result can strongly affect the activity of microbes that require copper for important enzymatic transformations, e.g. conversion of nitrous oxide to dinitrogen. Finally, we describe procedures for the detection/purification of MB, as well as potential medical and industrial applications of this intriguing RiPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D Semrau
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109-2125
| | - Alan A DiSpirito
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA 50011
| | | | - Christina S Kang-Yun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109-2125
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21
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Selamoglu N, Önder Ö, Öztürk Y, Khalfaoui-Hassani B, Blaby-Haas CE, Garcia BA, Koch HG, Daldal F. Comparative differential cuproproteomes of Rhodobacter capsulatus reveal novel copper homeostasis related proteins. Metallomics 2020; 12:572-591. [PMID: 32149296 PMCID: PMC7192791 DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00314b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential, but toxic, micronutrient for living organisms and cells have developed sophisticated response mechanisms towards both the lack and the excess of Cu in their environments. In this study, we achieved a global view of Cu-responsive changes in the prokaryotic model organism Rhodobacter capsulatus using label-free quantitative differential proteomics. Semi-aerobically grown cells under heterotrophic conditions in minimal medium (∼0.3 μM Cu) were compared with cells supplemented with either 5 μM Cu or with 5 mM of the Cu-chelator bathocuproine sulfonate. Mass spectrometry based bottom-up proteomics of unfractionated cell lysates identified 2430 of the 3632 putative proteins encoded by the genome, producing a robust proteome dataset for R. capsulatus. Use of biological and technical replicates for each growth condition yielded high reproducibility and reliable quantification for 1926 of the identified proteins. Comparison of cells grown under Cu-excess or Cu-depleted conditions to those grown under minimal Cu-sufficient conditions revealed that 75 proteins exhibited statistically significant (p < 0.05) abundance changes, ranging from 2- to 300-fold. A subset of the highly Cu-responsive proteins was orthogonally probed using molecular genetics, validating that several of them were indeed involved in cellular Cu homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Selamoglu
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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22
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Zhu T, McClure R, Harrison OB, Genco C, Massari P. Integrated Bioinformatic Analyses and Immune Characterization of New Neisseria gonorrhoeae Vaccine Antigens Expressed during Natural Mucosal Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:E153. [PMID: 31627489 PMCID: PMC6963464 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7040153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasingly severe trend of antibiotic-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains worldwide and new therapeutic strategies are needed against this sexually-transmitted pathogen. Despite the urgency, progress towards a gonococcal vaccine has been slowed by a scarcity of suitable antigens, lack of correlates of protection in humans and limited animal models of infection. N. gonorrhoeae gene expression levels in the natural human host does not reflect expression in vitro, further complicating in vitro-basedvaccine analysis platforms. We designed a novel candidate antigen selection strategy (CASS), based on a reverse vaccinology-like approach coupled with bioinformatics. We utilized the CASS to mine gonococcal proteins expressed during human mucosal infection, reported in our previous studies, and focused on a large pool of hypothetical proteins as an untapped source of potential new antigens. Via two discovery and analysis phases (DAP), we identified 36 targets predicted to be immunogenic, membrane-associated proteins conserved in N. gonorrhoeae and suitable for recombinant expression. Six initial candidates were produced and used to immunize mice. Characterization of the immune responses indicated cross-reactive antibodies and serum bactericidal activity against different N. gonorrhoeae strains. These results support the CASS as a tool for the discovery of new vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmou Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Ryan McClure
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
| | - Odile B Harrison
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK.
| | - Caroline Genco
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Paola Massari
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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23
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Antoine R, Rivera-Millot A, Roy G, Jacob-Dubuisson F. Relationships Between Copper-Related Proteomes and Lifestyles in β Proteobacteria. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2217. [PMID: 31608037 PMCID: PMC6769254 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential transition metal whose redox properties are used for a variety of enzymatic oxido-reductions and in electron transfer chains. It is also toxic to living beings, and therefore its cellular concentration must be strictly controlled. We have performed in silico analyses of the predicted proteomes of more than one hundred species of β proteobacteria to characterize their copper-related proteomes, including cuproproteins, i.e., proteins with active-site copper ions, copper chaperones, and copper-homeostasis systems. Copper-related proteomes represent between 0 and 1.48% of the total proteomes of β proteobacteria. The numbers of cuproproteins are globally proportional to the proteome sizes in all phylogenetic groups and strongly linked to aerobic respiration. In contrast, environmental bacteria have considerably larger proportions of copper-homeostasis systems than the other groups of bacteria, irrespective of their proteome sizes. Evolution toward commensalism, obligate, host-restricted pathogenesis or symbiosis is globally reflected in the loss of copper-homeostasis systems. In endosymbionts, defense systems and copper chaperones have disappeared, whereas residual cuproenzymes are electron transfer proteins for aerobic respiration. Lifestyle is thus a major determinant of the size and composition of the copper-related proteome, and it is particularly reflected in systems involved in copper homeostasis. Analyses of the copper-related proteomes of a number of species belonging to the Burkholderia, Bordetella, and Neisseria genera indicates that commensals are in the process of shedding their copper-homeostasis systems and chaperones to greater extents yet than pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Françoise Jacob-Dubuisson
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 8204 – Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
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24
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Lee J, Dennison C. Cytosolic Copper Binding by a Bacterial Storage Protein and Interplay with Copper Efflux. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174144. [PMID: 31450649 PMCID: PMC6747150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli has a well-characterized copper (Cu) transporting ATPase (CopA) that removes this potentially toxic metal ion from the cytosol. Growth of the strain lacking CopA (ΔcopA) is inhibited above 0.5 mM Cu, whilst a similar effect does not occur in wild type (WT) E. coli until over 2.5 mM Cu. Limited expression of CopA can restore growth to WT levels in ΔcopAE. coli in the presence of Cu. To study the influence of a bacterial cytosolic Cu storage protein (Csp3) on how E. coli handles Cu, the protein from Bacillus subtilis (BsCsp3) has been overexpressed in the WT and ΔcopA strains. BsCsp3 can protect both strains from Cu toxicity, promoting growth at up to ~1.5 and ~3.5 mM Cu, respectively. Higher levels of Csp3 expression are needed to provide resistance to Cu toxicity in ΔcopAE. coli. At 1.5 mM Cu, BsCsp3 purified from ΔcopAE. coli binds up to approximately four equivalents of Cu(I) per monomer. A similar number of Cu(I) equivalents can be bound by BsCsp3 purified from WT E. coli also grown at 1.5 mM Cu, a concentration that does not cause toxicity in this strain. Much lower amounts of BsCsp3 are produced in WT E. coli grown in the presence of 3.4 mM Cu, but the protein still counteracts toxicity and is almost half loaded with Cu(I). Csp3s can protect E. coli from Cu toxicity by sequestering cuprous ions in the cytosol. This appears to include an ability to acquire and withhold Cu(I) from the main efflux system in a heterologous host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeick Lee
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Christopher Dennison
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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25
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Straw ML, Hough MA, Wilson MT, Worrall JAR. A Histidine Residue and a Tetranuclear Cuprous-thiolate Cluster Dominate the Copper Loading Landscape of a Copper Storage Protein from Streptomyces lividans. Chemistry 2019; 25:10678-10688. [PMID: 31111982 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The chemical basis for protecting organisms against the toxic effect imposed by excess cuprous ions is to constrain this through high-affinity binding sites that use cuprous-thiolate coordination chemistry. In bacteria, a family of cysteine rich four-helix bundle proteins utilise thiolate chemistry to bind up to 80 cuprous ions. These proteins have been termed copper storage proteins (Csp). The present study investigates cuprous ion loading to the Csp from Streptomyces lividans (SlCsp) using a combination of X-ray crystallography, site-directed mutagenesis and stopped-flow reaction kinetics with either aquatic cuprous ions or a chelating donor. We illustrate that at low cuprous ion concentrations, copper is loaded exclusively into an outer core region of SlCsp via one end of the four-helix bundle, facilitated by a set of three histidine residues. X-ray crystallography reveals the existence of polynuclear cuprous-thiolate clusters culminating in the assembly of a tetranuclear [Cu4 (μ2 -S-Cys)4 (Νδ1 -His)] cluster in the outer core. As more cuprous ions are loaded, the cysteine lined inner core of SlCsp fills with cuprous ions but in a fluxional and dynamic manner with no evidence for the assembly of further intermediate polynuclear cuprous-thiolate clusters as observed in the outer core. Using site-directed mutagenesis a key role for His107 in the efficient loading of cuprous ions from a donor is established. A model of copper loading to SlCsp is proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Straw
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Michael A Hough
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Michael T Wilson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Jonathan A R Worrall
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
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26
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Llases ME, Lisa MN, Morgada MN, Giannini E, Alzari PM, Vila AJ. Arabidopsis thaliana Hcc1 is a Sco-like metallochaperone for Cu A assembly in Cytochrome c Oxidase. FEBS J 2019; 287:749-762. [PMID: 31348612 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of the CuA site in Cytochrome c Oxidase (COX) is a critical step for aerobic respiration in COX-dependent organisms. Several gene products have been associated with the assembly of this copper site, the most conserved of them belonging to the Sco family of proteins, which have been shown to perform different roles in different organisms. Plants express two orthologs of Sco proteins: Hcc1 and Hcc2. Hcc1 is known to be essential for plant development and for COX maturation, but its precise function has not been addressed until now. Here, we report the biochemical, structural and functional characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana Hcc1 protein (here renamed Sco1). We solved the crystal structure of the Cu+1 -bound soluble domain of this protein, revealing a tri coordinated environment involving a CxxxCxn H motif. We show that AtSco1 is able to work as a copper metallochaperone, inserting two Cu+1 ions into the CuA site in a model of CoxII. We also show that AtSco1 does not act as a thiol-disulfide oxido-reductase. Overall, this information sheds new light on the biochemistry of Sco proteins, highlighting the diversity of functions among them despite their high structural similarities. DATABASE: PDB entry 6N5U (Crystal structure of Arabidopsis thaliana ScoI with copper bound).
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Eugenia Llases
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - María-Natalia Lisa
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina.,Plataforma de Biología Estructural y Metabolómica (PLABEM), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Marcos N Morgada
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina.,Area Biofísica, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina
| | - Estefanía Giannini
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Pedro M Alzari
- Unité de Microbiologie Structurale, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Alejandro J Vila
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina.,Plataforma de Biología Estructural y Metabolómica (PLABEM), Rosario, Argentina.,Area Biofísica, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina
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27
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Hunsaker EW, Franz KJ. Emerging Opportunities To Manipulate Metal Trafficking for Therapeutic Benefit. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:13528-13545. [PMID: 31247859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The indispensable requirement for metals in life processes has led to the evolution of sophisticated mechanisms that allow organisms to maintain dynamic equilibria of these ions. This dynamic control of the level, speciation, and availability of a variety of metal ions allows organisms to sustain biological processes while avoiding toxicity. When functioning properly, these mechanisms allow cells to return to their metal homeostatic set points following shifts in the metal availability or other stressors. These periods of transition, when cells are in a state of flux in which they work to regain homeostasis, present windows of opportunity to pharmacologically manipulate targets associated with metal-trafficking pathways in ways that could either facilitate a return to homeostasis and the recovery of cellular function or further push cells outside of homeostasis and into cellular distress. The purpose of this Viewpoint is to highlight emerging opportunities for chemists and chemical biologists to develop compounds to manipulate metal-trafficking processes for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth W Hunsaker
- Department of Chemistry , Duke University , French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Katherine J Franz
- Department of Chemistry , Duke University , French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
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28
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Wang J, Lonergan ZR, Gonzalez-Gutierrez G, Nairn BL, Maxwell CN, Zhang Y, Andreini C, Karty JA, Chazin WJ, Trinidad JC, Skaar EP, Giedroc DP. Multi-metal Restriction by Calprotectin Impacts De Novo Flavin Biosynthesis in Acinetobacter baumannii. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:745-755.e7. [PMID: 30905682 PMCID: PMC6525019 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calprotectin (CP) inhibits bacterial viability through extracellular chelation of transition metals. However, how CP influences general metabolism remains largely unexplored. We show here that CP restricts bioavailable Zn and Fe to the pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii, inducing an extensive multi-metal perturbation of cellular physiology. Proteomics reveals severe metal starvation, and a strain lacking the candidate ZnII metallochaperone ZigA possesses altered cellular abundance of multiple essential Zn-dependent enzymes and enzymes in de novo flavin biosynthesis. The ΔzigA strain exhibits decreased cellular flavin levels during metal starvation. Flavin mononucleotide provides regulation of this biosynthesis pathway, via a 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate synthase (RibB) fusion protein, RibBX, and authentic RibB. We propose that RibBX ensures flavin sufficiency under CP-induced Fe limitation, allowing flavodoxins to substitute for Fe-ferredoxins as cell reductants. These studies elucidate adaptation to nutritional immunity and define an intersection between metallostasis and cellular metabolism in A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Zachery R Lonergan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Brittany L Nairn
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Christina N Maxwell
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37205, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Yixiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Laboratory for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Claudia Andreini
- Magnetic Resonance Centre (CERM), University of Florence, Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Jonathan A Karty
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Walter J Chazin
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37205, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jonathan C Trinidad
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Laboratory for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Eric P Skaar
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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29
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Aerobic methane oxidation under copper scarcity in a stratified lake. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4817. [PMID: 30886176 PMCID: PMC6423226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40642-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) substantially reduce methane fluxes from freshwater sediments to the atmosphere. Their metalloenzyme methane monooxygenase (MMO) catalyses the first oxidation step converting methane to methanol. Its most prevalent form is the copper-dependent particulate pMMO, however, some MOB are also able to express the iron-containing, soluble sMMO under conditions of copper scarcity. So far, the link between copper availability in different forms and biological methane consumption in freshwater systems is poorly understood. Here, we present high-resolution profiles of MOB abundance and pMMO and sMMO functional genes in relation to copper, methane and oxygen profiles across the oxic-anoxic boundary of a stratified lake. We show that even at low nanomolar copper concentrations, MOB species containing the gene for pMMO expression are present at high abundance. The findings highlight the importance of copper as a micronutrient for MOB species and the potential usage of copper acquisition strategies, even under conditions of abundant iron, and shed light on the spatial distribution of these microorganisms.
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30
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Novoa-Aponte L, Ramírez D, Argüello JM. The interplay of the metallosensor CueR with two distinct CopZ chaperones defines copper homeostasis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:4934-4945. [PMID: 30718281 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper homeostasis in pathogenic bacteria is critical for cuproprotein assembly and virulence. However, in vivo biochemical analyses of these processes are challenging, which has prevented defining and quantifying the homeostatic interplay between Cu+-sensing transcriptional regulators, chaperones, and sequestering molecules. The cytoplasm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa contains a Cu+-sensing transcriptional regulator, CueR, and two homologous metal chaperones, CopZ1 and CopZ2, forming a unique system for studying Cu+ homeostasis. We found here that both chaperones exchange Cu+, albeit at a slow rate, reaching equilibrium after 3 h, a time much longer than P. aeruginosa duplication time. Therefore, they appeared as two separate cellular Cu+ pools. Although both chaperones transferred Cu+ to CueR in vitro, experiments in vivo indicated that CopZ1 metallates CueR, eliciting the translation of Cu+ efflux transporters involved in metal tolerance. Although this observation was consistent with the relative Cu+ affinities of the three proteins (CopZ1 < CueR < CopZ2), in vitro and in silico analyses also indicated a stronger interaction between CopZ1 and CueR that was independent of Cu+ In contrast, CopZ2 function was defined by its distinctly high abundance during Cu2+ stress. Under resting conditions, CopZ2 remained largely in its apo form. Metal stress quickly induced CopZ2 expression, and its holo form predominated, reaching levels commensurate with the cytoplasmic Cu+ levels. In summary, these results show that CopZ1 acts as chaperone delivering Cu+ to the CueR sensor, whereas CopZ2 functions as a fast-response Cu+-sequestering storage protein. We propose that equivalent proteins likely play similar roles in most bacterial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Novoa-Aponte
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
| | - David Ramírez
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
| | - José M Argüello
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
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31
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Utz M, Andrei A, Milanov M, Trasnea PI, Marckmann D, Daldal F, Koch HG. The Cu chaperone CopZ is required for Cu homeostasis in Rhodobacter capsulatus and influences cytochrome cbb 3 oxidase assembly. Mol Microbiol 2019; 111:764-783. [PMID: 30582886 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cu homeostasis depends on a tightly regulated network of proteins that transport or sequester Cu, preventing the accumulation of this toxic metal while sustaining Cu supply for cuproproteins. In Rhodobacter capsulatus, Cu-detoxification and Cu delivery for cytochrome c oxidase (cbb3 -Cox) assembly depend on two distinct Cu-exporting P1B -type ATPases. The low-affinity CopA is suggested to export excess Cu and the high-affinity CcoI feeds Cu into a periplasmic Cu relay system required for cbb3 -Cox biogenesis. In most organisms, CopA-like ATPases receive Cu for export from small Cu chaperones like CopZ. However, whether these chaperones are also involved in Cu export via CcoI-like ATPases is unknown. Here we identified a CopZ-like chaperone in R. capsulatus, determined its cellular concentration and its Cu binding activity. Our data demonstrate that CopZ has a strong propensity to form redox-sensitive dimers via two conserved cysteine residues. A ΔcopZ strain, like a ΔcopA strain, is Cu-sensitive and accumulates intracellular Cu. In the absence of CopZ, cbb3 -Cox activity is reduced, suggesting that CopZ not only supplies Cu to P1B -type ATPases for detoxification but also for cuproprotein assembly via CcoI. This finding was further supported by the identification of a ~150 kDa CcoI-CopZ protein complex in native R. capsulatus membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Utz
- Faculty of Medicine, Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 17, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Andreea Andrei
- Faculty of Medicine, Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 17, Freiburg, 79104, Germany.,Fakultät für Biologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Martin Milanov
- Faculty of Medicine, Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 17, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Petru-Iulian Trasnea
- Faculty of Medicine, Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 17, Freiburg, 79104, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dorian Marckmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 17, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Fevzi Daldal
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hans-Georg Koch
- Faculty of Medicine, Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 17, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
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32
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Stewart LJ, Thaqi D, Kobe B, McEwan AG, Waldron KJ, Djoko KY. Handling of nutrient copper in the bacterial envelope. Metallomics 2019; 11:50-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00218e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The insertion of copper into bacterial cuproenzymesin vivodoes not always require a copper-binding metallochaperone – why?
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa J. Stewart
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences
- Newcastle University
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
| | - Denis Thaqi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre
- The University of Queensland
- St Lucia
- Australia
| | - Bostjan Kobe
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre
- The University of Queensland
- St Lucia
- Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience
| | - Alastair G. McEwan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre
- The University of Queensland
- St Lucia
- Australia
| | - Kevin J. Waldron
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences
- Newcastle University
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
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33
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Dennison C. The Coordination Chemistry of Copper Uptake and Storage for Methane Oxidation. Chemistry 2018; 25:74-86. [PMID: 30281847 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Methanotrophs are remarkable bacteria that utilise large quantities of copper (Cu) to oxidize the potent greenhouse gas methane. To assist in providing the Cu they require for this process some methanotrophs can secrete the Cu-sequestering modified peptide methanobactin. These small molecules bind CuI with very high affinity and crystal structures have given insight into why this is the case, and also how the metal ion may be released within the cell. A much greater proportion of methanotrophs, genomes of which have been sequenced, possess a member of a newly discovered bacterial family of copper storage proteins (the Csps). These are tetramers of four-helix bundles whose cores are lined with Cys residues enabling the binding of large numbers of CuI ions. In methanotrophs, a Csp exported from the cytosol stores CuI for the active site of the ubiquitous enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of methane. The presence of cytosolic Csps, not only in methanotrophs but in a wide range of bacteria, challenges the dogma that these organisms have no requirement for Cu in this location. The properties of the Csps, with an emphasis on CuI binding and the structures of the sites formed, are the primary focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Dennison
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
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34
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Guengerich FP. Introduction to Metals in Biology 2018: Copper homeostasis and utilization in redox enzymes. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:4603-4605. [PMID: 29425098 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.tm118.002255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This 11th Thematic Metals in Biology Thematic Series deals with copper, a transition metal with a prominent role in biochemistry. Copper is a very versatile element, and both deficiencies and excesses can be problematic. The five Minireviews in this series deal with several aspects of copper homeostasis in microorganisms and mammals and the role of this metal in two enzymes, copper-only superoxide dismutase and cytochrome c oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146.
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