1
|
Schlößer M, Moseler A, Bodnar Y, Homagk M, Wagner S, Pedroletti L, Gellert M, Ugalde JM, Lillig CH, Meyer AJ. Localization of four class I glutaredoxins in the cytosol and the secretory pathway and characterization of their biochemical diversification. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:1455-1474. [PMID: 38394181 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Class I glutaredoxins (GRXs) are catalytically active oxidoreductases and considered key proteins mediating reversible glutathionylation and deglutathionylation of protein thiols during development and stress responses. To narrow in on putative target proteins, it is mandatory to know the subcellular localization of the respective GRXs and to understand their catalytic activities and putative redundancy between isoforms in the same compartment. We show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, GRXC1 and GRXC2 are cytosolic proteins with GRXC1 being attached to membranes through myristoylation. GRXC3 and GRXC4 are identified as type II membrane proteins along the early secretory pathway with their enzymatic function on the luminal side. Unexpectedly, neither single nor double mutants lacking both GRXs isoforms in the cytosol or the ER show phenotypes that differ from wild-type controls. Analysis of electrostatic surface potentials and clustering of GRXs based on their electrostatic interaction with roGFP2 mirrors the phylogenetic classification of class I GRXs, which clearly separates the cytosolic GRXC1 and GRXC2 from the luminal GRXC3 and GRXC4. Comparison of all four studied GRXs for their oxidoreductase function highlights biochemical diversification with GRXC3 and GRXC4 being better catalysts than GRXC1 and GRXC2 for the reduction of bis(2-hydroxyethyl) disulfide. With oxidized roGFP2 as an alternative substrate, GRXC1 and GRXC2 catalyze the reduction faster than GRXC3 and GRXC4, which suggests that catalytic efficiency of GRXs in reductive reactions depends on the respective substrate. Vice versa, GRXC3 and GRXC4 are faster than GRXC1 and GRXC2 in catalyzing the oxidation of pre-reduced roGFP2 in the reverse reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Schlößer
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Moseler
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yana Bodnar
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine, University of Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Maria Homagk
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephan Wagner
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luca Pedroletti
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Manuela Gellert
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine, University of Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - José M Ugalde
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christopher H Lillig
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine, University of Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bahammou D, Recorbet G, Mamode Cassim A, Robert F, Balliau T, Van Delft P, Haddad Y, Mongrand S, Fouillen L, Simon-Plas F. A combined lipidomic and proteomic profiling of Arabidopsis thaliana plasma membrane. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38761101 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The plant plasma membrane (PM) plays a key role in perception of environmental signals, and set-up of adaptive responses. An exhaustive and quantitative description of the whole set of lipids and proteins constituting the PM is necessary to understand how these components allow to fulfill such essential physiological functions. Here we provide by state-of-the-art approaches the first combined reference of the plant PM lipidome and proteome from Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cell culture. We identified and quantified a reproducible core set of 2165 proteins, which is by far the largest set of available data concerning this plant PM proteome. Using the same samples, combined lipidomic approaches, allowing the identification and quantification of an unprecedented repertoire of 414 molecular species of lipids showed that sterols, phospholipids, and sphingolipids are present in similar proportions in the plant PM. Within each lipid class, the precise amount of each lipid family and the relative proportion of each molecular species were further determined, allowing to establish the complete lipidome of Arabidopsis PM, and highlighting specific characteristics of the different molecular species of lipids. Results obtained point to a finely tuned adjustment of the molecular characteristics of lipids and proteins. More than a hundred proteins related to lipid metabolism, transport, or signaling have been identified and put in perspective of the lipids with which they are associated. This set of data represents an innovative resource to guide further research relative to the organization and functions of the plant PM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Bahammou
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université, Bordeaux, (UMR 5200), F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Ghislaine Recorbet
- UMR Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Adiilah Mamode Cassim
- UMR Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Franck Robert
- UMR Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Thierry Balliau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE-Le Moulon, PAPPSO, F-91190, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierre Van Delft
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université, Bordeaux, (UMR 5200), F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Youcef Haddad
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université, Bordeaux, (UMR 5200), F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sébastien Mongrand
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université, Bordeaux, (UMR 5200), F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Laetitia Fouillen
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université, Bordeaux, (UMR 5200), F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Françoise Simon-Plas
- UMR Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu X, Sun Z, Qi F, Liu H, Zhao M, Wang J, Wang M, Zhao R, Wu Y, Dong W, Zheng Z, Zhang X. Cytological and transcriptomic analysis to unveil the mechanism of web blotch resistance in Peanut. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:518. [PMID: 37884908 PMCID: PMC10601179 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peanut is an important oil crop worldwide. Peanut web blotch is a fungal disease that often occurs at the same time as other leaf spot diseases, resulting in substantial leaf drop, which seriously affects the peanut yield and quality. However, the molecular mechanism underlying peanut resistance to web blotch is unknown. RESULTS The cytological examination revealed no differences in the conidium germination rate between the web blotch-resistant variety ZH and the web blotch-susceptible variety PI at 12-48 hpi. The appressorium formation rate was significantly higher for PI than for ZH at 24 hpi. The papilla formation rate at 36 hpi and the hypersensitive response rate at 60 and 84 hpi were significantly higher for ZH than for PI. We also compared the transcriptional profiles of web blotch-infected ZH and PI plants at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 84 hpi using an RNA-seq technique. There were more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ZH and PI at 12, 36, 60, and 84 hpi than at 24 and 48 hpi. Moreover, there were more DEGs in PI than in ZH at each time-point. The analysis of metabolic pathways indicated that pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis; monobactam biosynthesis; cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis; and ether lipid metabolism are specific to the active defense of ZH against YY187, whereas porphyrin metabolism as well as taurine and hypotaurine metabolism are pathways specifically involved in the passive defense of ZH against YY187. In the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, most of the interacting proteins were serine acetyltransferases and cysteine synthases, which are involved in the cysteine synthesis pathway. The qRT-PCR data confirmed the reliability of the transcriptome analysis. CONCLUSION On the basis of the PPI network for the significantly enriched genes in the pathways which were specifically enriched at different time points in ZH, we hypothesize that serine acetyltransferases and cysteine synthases are crucial for the cysteine-related resistance of peanut to web blotch. The study results provide reference material for future research on the mechanism mediating peanut web blotch resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wu
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Ziqi Sun
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Feiyan Qi
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Hua Liu
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Mingbo Zhao
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Juan Wang
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Ruifang Zhao
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Yue Wu
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Wenzhao Dong
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
| | - Xinyou Zhang
- The Shennong Laboratory, Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop Improvement, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Zhu P, Chen YJ, Huang L, Wang D, Newton DT, Hsu CC, Lin G, Tao WA, Staiger CJ, Zhang C. The EXO70 inhibitor Endosidin2 alters plasma membrane protein composition in Arabidopsis roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1171957. [PMID: 37324680 PMCID: PMC10264680 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1171957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To sustain normal growth and allow rapid responses to environmental cues, plants alter the plasma membrane protein composition under different conditions presumably by regulation of delivery, stability, and internalization. Exocytosis is a conserved cellular process that delivers proteins and lipids to the plasma membrane or extracellular space in eukaryotes. The octameric exocyst complex contributes to exocytosis by tethering secretory vesicles to the correct site for membrane fusion; however, whether the exocyst complex acts universally for all secretory vesicle cargo or just for specialized subsets used during polarized growth and trafficking is currently unknown. In addition to its role in exocytosis, the exocyst complex is also known to participate in membrane recycling and autophagy. Using a previously identified small molecule inhibitor of the plant exocyst complex subunit EXO70A1, Endosidin2 (ES2), combined with a plasma membrane enrichment method and quantitative proteomic analysis, we examined the composition of plasma membrane proteins in the root of Arabidopsis seedlings, after inhibition of the ES2-targetted exocyst complex, and verified our findings by live imaging of GFP-tagged plasma membrane proteins in root epidermal cells. The abundance of 145 plasma membrane proteins was significantly reduced following short-term ES2 treatments and these likely represent candidate cargo proteins of exocyst-mediated trafficking. Gene Ontology analysis showed that these proteins play diverse functions in cell growth, cell wall biosynthesis, hormone signaling, stress response, membrane transport, and nutrient uptake. Additionally, we quantified the effect of ES2 on the spatial distribution of EXO70A1 with live-cell imaging. Our results indicate that the plant exocyst complex mediates constitutive dynamic transport of subsets of plasma membrane proteins during normal root growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Peipei Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Yen-Ju Chen
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Diwen Wang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - David T. Newton
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Chuan-Chih Hsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Guang Lin
- Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - W. Andy Tao
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Christopher J. Staiger
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen L, Xiao J, Huang Z, Zhou Q, Liu B. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of chitin-triggered immune responses in the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:219-229. [PMID: 36396124 DOI: 10.1071/fp22045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant diseases seriously damage crop production, and most plant diseases are caused by fungi. Fungal cell walls contain chitin, a highly conserved component that is widely recognised by plants as a PAMP (pathogen-associated molecular pattern) to induce defence responses. The molecular mechanisms that function downstream of chitin-triggered intracellular phosphorylation remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed quantitative phosphoproteomics analysis to study protein phosphorylation changes in the plasma membrane after chitin treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana L. seedlings. Proteins with altered phosphorylation status after chitin treatment participated in biological processes ranging from signalling, localisation, and transport, to biogenesis, processing, and metabolism, suggesting that PAMP signalling targets multiple processes to coordinate the immune response. These results provide important insights into the molecular mechanism of chitin-induced plant immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanhao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang J, Song W, Chai J. Structure, biochemical function, and signaling mechanism of plant NLRs. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:75-95. [PMID: 36415130 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To counter pathogen invasion, plants have evolved a large number of immune receptors, including membrane-resident pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs). Our knowledge about PRR and NLR signaling mechanisms has expanded significantly over the past few years. Plant NLRs form multi-protein complexes called resistosomes in response to pathogen effectors, and the signaling mediated by NLR resistosomes converges on Ca2+-permeable channels. Ca2+-permeable channels important for PRR signaling have also been identified. These findings highlight a crucial role of Ca2+ in triggering plant immune signaling. In this review, we first discuss the structural and biochemical mechanisms of non-canonical NLR Ca2+ channels and then summarize our knowledge about immune-related Ca2+-permeable channels and their roles in PRR and NLR signaling. We also discuss the potential role of Ca2+ in the intricate interaction between PRR and NLR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jizong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences at Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China.
| | - Wen Song
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Jijie Chai
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu Z, Shi J, Feng S, Wu X, Shao S, Shi K. Plant N-acylethanolamines play a crucial role in defense and its variation in response to elevated CO 2 and temperature in tomato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhac242. [PMID: 37077371 PMCID: PMC10108025 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous lipid-derived molecules N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) have multiple immune functions in mammals, but their roles and mechanisms in plant defense response during changing environment remain largely unclear. Here, we found that exogenous NAE18:0 and NAE18:2 promoted defense against the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea but suppressed defense to the hemi-biotrophic pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 in tomato. The knocking-down and overexpression function analysis of the pathogen-responsive NAE synthetic gene PHOSPHOLIPASE Dγ (PLDγ) and hydrolytic gene FATTY ACID AMID HYDROLASE 1 (FAAH1) revealed that the NAE pathway is crucial for plant defense response. Using exogenous applications and SA-abolished NahG plants, we unveiled the antagonistic relationship between NAE and SA in plant defense response. Elevated CO2 and temperature significantly changed the NAE pathway in response to pathogens, while inhibition of the NAE pathway led to the alternation of environment-mediated defense variations against Pst DC3000 in tomato, indicating that NAE pathway is associated with plant defense variations in response to elevated CO2 and temperature. The results herein reveal a new function of NAE in plant defense, and its involvement in environment-mediated defense variation in tomato. These findings shed light on the NAE-based plant defense, which may have relevance to crop disease management in future changing climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaodan Wu
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shujun Shao
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 310058, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Correspondence E-mail: ; Tel: +86-571-88982383 ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5351-1910
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Carper DL, Appidi MR, Mudbhari S, Shrestha HK, Hettich RL, Abraham PE. The Promises, Challenges, and Opportunities of Omics for Studying the Plant Holobiont. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102013. [PMID: 36296289 PMCID: PMC9609723 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are critical drivers of biological processes that contribute significantly to plant sustainability and productivity. In recent years, emerging research on plant holobiont theory and microbial invasion ecology has radically transformed how we study plant–microbe interactions. Over the last few years, we have witnessed an accelerating pace of advancements and breadth of questions answered using omic technologies. Herein, we discuss how current state-of-the-art genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics techniques reliably transcend the task of studying plant–microbe interactions while acknowledging existing limitations impeding our understanding of plant holobionts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana L. Carper
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Manasa R. Appidi
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Sameer Mudbhari
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Him K. Shrestha
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Robert L. Hettich
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Paul E. Abraham
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Baena G, Xia L, Waghmare S, Karnik R. SNARE SYP132 mediates divergent traffic of plasma membrane H+-ATPase AHA1 and antimicrobial PR1 during bacterial pathogenesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:1639-1661. [PMID: 35348763 PMCID: PMC9237740 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The vesicle trafficking SYNTAXIN OF PLANTS132 (SYP132) drives hormone-regulated endocytic traffic to suppress the density and function of plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPases. In response to bacterial pathogens, it also promotes secretory traffic of antimicrobial pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. These seemingly opposite actions of SYP132 raise questions about the mechanistic connections between the two, likely independent, membrane trafficking pathways intersecting plant growth and immunity. To study SYP132 and associated trafficking of PM H+-ATPase 1 (AHA1) and PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEIN1 (PR1) during pathogenesis, we used the virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) bacteria for infection of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants. SYP132 overexpression suppressed bacterial infection in plants through the stomatal route. However, bacterial infection was enhanced when bacteria were infiltrated into leaf tissue to bypass stomatal defenses. Tracking time-dependent changes in native AHA1 and SYP132 abundance, cellular distribution, and function, we discovered that bacterial pathogen infection triggers AHA1 and SYP132 internalization from the plasma membrane. AHA1 bound to SYP132 through its regulatory SNARE Habc domain, and these interactions affected PM H+-ATPase traffic. Remarkably, using the Arabidopsis aha1 mutant, we discovered that AHA1 is essential for moderating SYP132 abundance and associated secretion of PR1 at the plasma membrane for pathogen defense. Thus, we show that during pathogenesis SYP132 coordinates AHA1 with opposing effects on the traffic of AHA1 and PR1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Baena
- Plant Science Group, Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Lingfeng Xia
- Plant Science Group, Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sakharam Waghmare
- Plant Science Group, Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Rucha Karnik
- Plant Science Group, Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao Z, Li M, Zhang H, Yu Y, Ma L, Wang W, Fan Y, Huang N, Wang X, Liu K, Dong S, Tang H, Wang J, Zhang H, Bao Y. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Plasma Membrane Proteins in Rice Leaves Reveals a Vesicle Trafficking Network in Plant Immunity That Is Provoked by Blast Fungi. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:853195. [PMID: 35548300 PMCID: PMC9083198 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.853195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases in rice and can affect rice production worldwide. Rice plasma membrane (PM) proteins are crucial for rapidly and precisely establishing a defense response in plant immunity when rice and blast fungi interact. However, the plant-immunity-associated vesicle trafficking network mediated by PM proteins is poorly understood. In this study, to explore changes in PM proteins during M. oryzae infection, the PM proteome was analyzed via iTRAQ in the resistant rice landrace Heikezijing. A total of 831 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, including 434 upregulated and 397 downregulated DEPs. In functional analyses, DEPs associated with vesicle trafficking were significantly enriched, including the "transport" term in a Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, the endocytosis and phagosome pathways in a Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, and vesicle-associated proteins identified via a protein-protein interaction network analysis. OsNPSN13, a novel plant-specific soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) 13 protein, was identified as an upregulated DEP, and transgenic plants overexpressing this gene showed enhanced blast resistance, while transgenic knockdown plants were more susceptible than wild-type plants. The changes in abundance and putative functions of 20 DEPs revealed a possible vesicle trafficking network in the M. oryzae-rice interaction. A comparative proteomic analysis of plasma membrane proteins in rice leaves revealed a plant-immunity-associated vesicle trafficking network that is provoked by blast fungi; these results provide new insights into rice resistance responses against rice blast fungi.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ali U, Lu S, Fadlalla T, Iqbal S, Yue H, Yang B, Hong Y, Wang X, Guo L. The functions of phospholipases and their hydrolysis products in plant growth, development and stress responses. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101158. [PMID: 35134459 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell membranes are the initial site of stimulus perception from environment and phospholipids are the basic and important components of cell membranes. Phospholipases hydrolyze membrane lipids to generate various cellular mediators. These phospholipase-derived products, such as diacylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, inositol phosphates, lysophopsholipids, and free fatty acids, act as second messengers, playing vital roles in signal transduction during plant growth, development, and stress responses. This review focuses on the structure, substrate specificities, reaction requirements, and acting mechanism of several phospholipase families. It will discuss their functional significance in plant growth, development, and stress responses. In addition, it will highlight some critical knowledge gaps in the action mechanism, metabolic and signaling roles of these phospholipases and their products in the context of plant growth, development and stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usman Ali
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shaoping Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tarig Fadlalla
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sidra Iqbal
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hong Yue
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bao Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yueyun Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hooper CM, Castleden IR, Tanz SK, Grasso SV, Millar AH. Subcellular Proteomics as a Unified Approach of Experimental Localizations and Computed Prediction Data for Arabidopsis and Crop Plants. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1346:67-89. [PMID: 35113396 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-80352-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotic organisms, subcellular protein location is critical in defining protein function and understanding sub-functionalization of gene families. Some proteins have defined locations, whereas others have low specificity targeting and complex accumulation patterns. There is no single approach that can be considered entirely adequate for defining the in vivo location of all proteins. By combining evidence from different approaches, the strengths and weaknesses of different technologies can be estimated, and a location consensus can be built. The Subcellular Location of Proteins in Arabidopsis database ( http://suba.live/ ) combines experimental data sets that have been reported in the literature and is analyzing these data to provide useful tools for biologists to interpret their own data. Foremost among these tools is a consensus classifier (SUBAcon) that computes a proposed location for all proteins based on balancing the experimental evidence and predictions. Further tools analyze sets of proteins to define the abundance of cellular structures. Extending these types of resources to plant crop species has been complex due to polyploidy, gene family expansion and contraction, and the movement of pathways and processes within cells across the plant kingdom. The Crop Proteins of Annotated Location database ( http://crop-pal.org/ ) has developed a range of subcellular location resources including a species-specific voting consensus for 12 plant crop species that offers collated evidence and filters for current crop proteomes akin to SUBA. Comprehensive cross-species comparison of these data shows that the sub-cellular proteomes (subcellulomes) depend only to some degree on phylogenetic relationship and are more conserved in major biosynthesis than in metabolic pathways. Together SUBA and cropPAL created reference subcellulomes for plants as well as species-specific subcellulomes for cross-species data mining. These data collections are increasingly used by the research community to provide a subcellular protein location layer, inform models of compartmented cell function and protein-protein interaction network, guide future molecular crop breeding strategies, or simply answer a specific question-where is my protein of interest inside the cell?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia M Hooper
- The Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Ian R Castleden
- The Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Sandra K Tanz
- The Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Sally V Grasso
- The Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- The Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
A Label-Free Proteomic and Complementary Metabolomic Analysis of Leaves of the Resurrection Plant Xerophytaschlechteri during Dehydration. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111242. [PMID: 34833116 PMCID: PMC8624122 DOI: 10.3390/life11111242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetative desiccation tolerance, or the ability to survive the loss of ~95% relative water content (RWC), is rare in angiosperms, with these being commonly called resurrection plants. It is a complex multigenic and multi-factorial trait, with its understanding requiring a comprehensive systems biology approach. The aim of the current study was to conduct a label-free proteomic analysis of leaves of the resurrection plant Xerophyta schlechteri in response to desiccation. A targeted metabolomics approach was validated and correlated to the proteomics, contributing the missing link in studies on this species. Three physiological stages were identified: an early response to drying, during which the leaf tissues declined from full turgor to a RWC of ~80–70%, a mid-response in which the RWC declined to 40% and a late response where the tissues declined to 10% RWC. We identified 517 distinct proteins that were differentially expressed, of which 253 proteins were upregulated and 264 were downregulated in response to the three drying stages. Metabolomics analyses, which included monitoring the levels of a selection of phytohormones, amino acids, sugars, sugar alcohols, fatty acids and organic acids in response to dehydration, correlated with some of the proteomic differences, giving insight into the biological processes apparently involved in desiccation tolerance in this species.
Collapse
|
14
|
Klymiuk V, Coaker G, Fahima T, Pozniak CJ. Tandem Protein Kinases Emerge as New Regulators of Plant Immunity. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:1094-1102. [PMID: 34096764 PMCID: PMC8761531 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-03-21-0073-cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Plant-pathogen interactions result in disease development in a susceptible host. Plants actively resist pathogens via a complex immune system comprising both surface-localized receptors that sense the extracellular space as well as intracellular receptors recognizing pathogen effectors. To date, the majority of cloned resistance genes encode intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor proteins. Recent discoveries have revealed tandem kinase proteins (TKPs) as another important family of intracellular proteins involved in plant immune responses. Five TKP genes-barley Rpg1 and wheat WTK1 (Yr15), WTK2 (Sr60), WTK3 (Pm24), and WTK4-protect against devastating fungal diseases. Moreover, a large diversity and numerous putative TKPs exist across the plant kingdom. This review explores our current knowledge of TKPs and serves as a basis for future studies that aim to develop and exploit a deeper understanding of innate plant immunity receptor proteins.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentyna Klymiuk
- Crop Development Centre and Department of Plant Sciences,
University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Gitta Coaker
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California,
Davis, CA, U.S.A
| | - Tzion Fahima
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 199 Abba-Hushi
Avenue, Mt. Carmel, 3498838 Haifa, Israel
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology,
University of Haifa, 199 Abba-Hushi Avenue, Mt. Carmel, 3498838 Haifa, Israel
| | - Curtis J. Pozniak
- Crop Development Centre and Department of Plant Sciences,
University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pacheco JM, Canal MV, Pereyra CM, Welchen E, Martínez-Noël GMA, Estevez JM. The tip of the iceberg: emerging roles of TORC1, and its regulatory functions in plant cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4085-4101. [PMID: 33462577 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Target of Rapamycin (TOR) is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase that plays a central role in coordinating cell growth with light availability, the diurnal cycle, energy availability, and hormonal pathways. TOR Complex 1 (TORC1) controls cell proliferation, growth, metabolism, and defense in plants. Sugar availability is the main signal for activation of TOR in plants, as it also is in mammals and yeast. Specific regulators of the TOR kinase pathway in plants are inorganic compounds in the form of major nutrients in the soils, and light inputs via their impact on autotrophic metabolism. The lack of TOR is embryo-lethal in plants, whilst dysregulation of TOR signaling causes major alterations in growth and development. TOR exerts control as a regulator of protein translation via the action of proteins such as S6K, RPS6, and TAP46. Phytohormones are central players in the downstream systemic physiological TOR effects. TOR has recently been attributed to have roles in the control of DNA methylation, in the abundance of mRNA splicing variants, and in the variety of regulatory lncRNAs and miRNAs. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries in the plant TOR signaling pathway in the context of our current knowledge of mammalian and yeast cells, and highlight the most important gaps in our understanding of plants that need to be addressed in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - María Victoria Canal
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas,, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Cintia M Pereyra
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET) and Fundación para Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas (FIBA), Vieytes, Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - Elina Welchen
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas,, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Giselle M A Martínez-Noël
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET) and Fundación para Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas (FIBA), Vieytes, Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires CP, Argentina
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal (CBV), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida (FCsV), Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile and Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dvořák Tomaštíková E, Hafrén A, Trejo-Arellano MS, Rasmussen SR, Sato H, Santos-González J, Köhler C, Hennig L, Hofius D. Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 and KRYPTONITE regulate pathogen-induced programmed cell death in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:2003-2021. [PMID: 33566101 PMCID: PMC8133635 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) is well-known for its role in controlling developmental transitions by suppressing the premature expression of key developmental regulators. Previous work revealed that PRC2 also controls the onset of senescence, a form of developmental programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. Whether the induction of PCD in response to stress is similarly suppressed by the PRC2 remained largely unknown. In this study, we explored whether PCD triggered in response to immunity- and disease-promoting pathogen effectors is associated with changes in the distribution of the PRC2-mediated histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) modification in Arabidopsis thaliana. We furthermore tested the distribution of the heterochromatic histone mark H3K9me2, which is established, to a large extent, by the H3K9 methyltransferase KRYPTONITE, and occupies chromatin regions generally not targeted by PRC2. We report that effector-induced PCD caused major changes in the distribution of both repressive epigenetic modifications and that both modifications have a regulatory role and impact on the onset of PCD during pathogen infection. Our work highlights that the transition to pathogen-induced PCD is epigenetically controlled, revealing striking similarities to developmental PCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Dvořák Tomaštíková
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
- Present address: Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences; Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Anders Hafrén
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Minerva S Trejo-Arellano
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
- Present address: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Sheena Ricafranca Rasmussen
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hikaru Sato
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Juan Santos-González
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claudia Köhler
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Hennig
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Hofius
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Holmes DR, Bredow M, Thor K, Pascetta SA, Sementchoukova I, Siegel KR, Zipfel C, Monaghan J. A novel allele of the Arabidopsis thaliana MACPF protein CAD1 results in deregulated immune signaling. Genetics 2021; 217:6144930. [PMID: 33779749 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune recognition in plants is governed by two major classes of receptors: pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs). Located at the cell surface, PRRs bind extracellular ligands originating from microbes (indicative of "non-self") or damaged plant cells (indicative of "infected-self"), and trigger signaling cascades to protect against infection. Located intracellularly, NLRs sense pathogen-induced physiological changes and trigger localized cell death and systemic resistance. Immune responses are under tight regulation in order to maintain homeostasis and promote plant health. In a forward-genetic screen to identify regulators of PRR-mediated immune signaling, we identified a novel allele of the membrane-attack complex and perforin (MACPF)-motif containing protein CONSTITUTIVE ACTIVE DEFENSE 1 (CAD1) resulting from a missense mutation in a conserved N-terminal cysteine. We show that cad1-5 mutants display deregulated immune signaling and symptoms of autoimmunity dependent on the lipase-like protein ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1), suggesting that CAD1 integrity is monitored by the plant immune system. We further demonstrate that CAD1 localizes to both the cytosol and plasma membrane using confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation. Our results offer new insights into immune homeostasis and provide tools to further decipher the intriguing role of MACPF proteins in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danalyn R Holmes
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa Bredow
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathrin Thor
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Sydney A Pascetta
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Kristen R Siegel
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.,Department of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8008, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Monaghan
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Ontario, Canada.,The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Al-Mohanna T, Nejat N, Iannetta AA, Hicks LM, Popescu GV, Popescu SC. Arabidopsis thimet oligopeptidases are redox-sensitive enzymes active in the local and systemic plant immune response. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100695. [PMID: 33894200 PMCID: PMC8215294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon pathogen infection, receptors in plants will activate a localized immune response, the effector-triggered immunity (ETI), and a systemic immune response, the systemic acquired response (SAR). Infection also induces oscillations in the redox environment of plant cells, triggering response mechanisms involving sensitive cysteine residues that subsequently alter protein function. Arabidopsis thaliana thimet oligopeptidases TOP1 and TOP2 are required for plant defense against pathogens and the oxidative stress response. Herein, we evaluated the biochemical attributes of TOP isoforms to determine their redox sensitivity using ex vivo Escherichia coli cultures and recombinant proteins. Moreover, we explored the link between their redox regulation and plant immunity in wild-type and mutant Arabidopsis lines. These analyses revealed that redox regulation of TOPs occurs through two mechanisms: (1) oxidative dimerization of full-length TOP1 via intermolecular disulfides engaging cysteines in the N-terminal signal peptide, and (2) oxidative activation of all TOPs via cysteines that are unique and conserved. Further, we detected increased TOP activity in wild-type plants undergoing ETI or SAR following inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae strains. Mutants unable to express the chloroplast NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) showed elevated TOP activity under unstressed conditions and were SAR-incompetent. A top1top2 knockout mutant challenged with P. syringae exhibited misregulation of ROS-induced gene expression in pathogen-inoculated and distal tissues. Furthermore, TOP1 and TOP2 could cleave a peptide derived from the immune component ROC1 with distinct efficiencies at common and specific sites. We propose that Arabidopsis TOPs are thiol-regulated peptidases active in redox-mediated signaling of local and systemic immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thualfeqar Al-Mohanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Najmeh Nejat
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Anthony A Iannetta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Leslie M Hicks
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - George V Popescu
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing, and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Sorina C Popescu
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Meyer AJ, Dreyer A, Ugalde JM, Feitosa-Araujo E, Dietz KJ, Schwarzländer M. Shifting paradigms and novel players in Cys-based redox regulation and ROS signaling in plants - and where to go next. Biol Chem 2020; 402:399-423. [PMID: 33544501 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cys-based redox regulation was long regarded a major adjustment mechanism of photosynthesis and metabolism in plants, but in the recent years, its scope has broadened to most fundamental processes of plant life. Drivers of the recent surge in new insights into plant redox regulation have been the availability of the genome-scale information combined with technological advances such as quantitative redox proteomics and in vivo biosensing. Several unexpected findings have started to shift paradigms of redox regulation. Here, we elaborate on a selection of recent advancements, and pinpoint emerging areas and questions of redox biology in plants. We highlight the significance of (1) proactive H2O2 generation, (2) the chloroplast as a unique redox site, (3) specificity in thioredoxin complexity, (4) how to oxidize redox switches, (5) governance principles of the redox network, (6) glutathione peroxidase-like proteins, (7) ferroptosis, (8) oxidative protein folding in the ER for phytohormonal regulation, (9) the apoplast as an unchartered redox frontier, (10) redox regulation of respiration, (11) redox transitions in seed germination and (12) the mitochondria as potential new players in reductive stress safeguarding. Our emerging understanding in plants may serve as a blueprint to scrutinize principles of reactive oxygen and Cys-based redox regulation across organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas J Meyer
- Chemical Signalling, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Dreyer
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, W5-134, Bielefeld University, University Street 25, D-33501Bielefeld, Germany
| | - José M Ugalde
- Chemical Signalling, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113Bonn, Germany
| | - Elias Feitosa-Araujo
- Plant Energy Biology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143Münster, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, W5-134, Bielefeld University, University Street 25, D-33501Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Plant Energy Biology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Understanding Phytomicrobiome: A Potential Reservoir for Better Crop Management. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12135446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent crop production studies have aimed at an increase in the biotic and abiotic tolerance of plant communities, along with increased nutrient availability and crop yields. This can be achieved in various ways, but one of the emerging approaches is to understand the phytomicrobiome structure and associated chemical communications. The phytomicrobiome was characterized with the advent of high-throughput techniques. Its composition and chemical signaling phenomena have been revealed, leading the way for “rhizosphere engineering”. In addition to the above, phytomicrobiome studies have paved the way to best tackling soil contamination with various anthropogenic activities. Agricultural lands have been found to be unbalanced for crop production. Due to the intense application of agricultural chemicals such as herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, fertilizers, etc., which can only be rejuvenated efficiently through detailed studies on the phytomicrobiome component, the phytomicrobiome has recently emerged as a primary plant trait that affects crop production. The phytomicrobiome also acts as an essential modifying factor in plant root exudation and vice versa, resulting in better plant health and crop yield both in terms of quantity and quality. Not only supporting better plant growth, phytomicrobiome members are involved in the degradation of toxic materials, alleviating the stress conditions that adversely affect plant development. Thus, the present review compiles the progress in understanding phytomicrobiome relationships and their application in achieving the goal of sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
|
21
|
Lerchenmüller C, Rabolli CP, Yeri A, Kitchen R, Salvador AM, Liu LX, Ziegler O, Danielson K, Platt C, Shah R, Damilano F, Kundu P, Riechert E, Katus HA, Saffitz JE, Keshishian H, Carr SA, Bezzerides VJ, Das S, Rosenzweig A. CITED4 Protects Against Adverse Remodeling in Response to Physiological and Pathological Stress. Circ Res 2020; 127:631-646. [PMID: 32418505 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cardiac CITED4 (CBP/p300-interacting transactivators with E [glutamic acid]/D [aspartic acid]-rich-carboxylterminal domain4) is induced by exercise and is sufficient to cause physiological hypertrophy and mitigate adverse ventricular remodeling after ischemic injury. However, the role of endogenous CITED4 in response to physiological or pathological stress is unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of CITED4 in murine models of exercise and pressure overload. METHODS AND RESULTS We generated cardiomyocyte-specific CITED4 knockout mice (C4KO) and subjected them to an intensive swim exercise protocol as well as transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Echocardiography, Western blotting, qPCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and transcriptional profiling for mRNA and miRNA (microRNA) expression were performed. Cellular crosstalk was investigated in vitro. CITED4 deletion in cardiomyocytes did not affect baseline cardiac size or function in young adult mice. C4KO mice developed modest cardiac dysfunction and dilation in response to exercise. After TAC, C4KOs developed severe heart failure with left ventricular dilation, impaired cardiomyocyte growth accompanied by reduced mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) activity and maladaptive cardiac remodeling with increased apoptosis, autophagy, and impaired mitochondrial signaling. Interstitial fibrosis was markedly increased in C4KO hearts after TAC. RNAseq revealed induction of a profibrotic miRNA network. miR30d was decreased in C4KO hearts after TAC and mediated crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts to modulate fibrosis. miR30d inhibition was sufficient to increase cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis after TAC. CONCLUSIONS CITED4 protects against pathological cardiac remodeling by regulating mTOR activity and a network of miRNAs mediating cardiomyocyte to fibroblast crosstalk. Our findings highlight the importance of CITED4 in response to both physiological and pathological stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Lerchenmüller
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.).,Cardiology Department, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (C.L., E.R., H.A.K.).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (C.L., E.R., H.A.K.)
| | - Charles P Rabolli
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Ashish Yeri
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Robert Kitchen
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Ane M Salvador
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Laura X Liu
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Olivia Ziegler
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Kirsty Danielson
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Colin Platt
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Ravi Shah
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Federico Damilano
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Piyusha Kundu
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Eva Riechert
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (C.L., E.R., H.A.K.).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (C.L., E.R., H.A.K.)
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (C.L., E.R., H.A.K.).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (C.L., E.R., H.A.K.)
| | - Jeffrey E Saffitz
- Pathology Department, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (J.E.S.)
| | | | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (H.K., S.A.C.)
| | | | - Saumya Das
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- From the Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.L., C.P.R., A.Y., R.K., A.M.S., L.X.L., O.Z., K.D., C.P., R.S., F.D., P.K., S.D., A.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schlöffel MA, Salzer A, Wan WL, van Wijk R, Del Corvo R, Šemanjski M, Symeonidi E, Slaby P, Kilian J, Maček B, Munnik T, Gust AA. The BIR2/BIR3-Associated Phospholipase Dγ1 Negatively Regulates Plant Immunity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 183:371-384. [PMID: 32152212 PMCID: PMC7210654 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved effective strategies to defend themselves against pathogen invasion. Starting from the plasma membrane with the recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) via pattern recognition receptors, internal cellular signaling pathways are induced to ultimately fend off the attack. Phospholipase D (PLD) hydrolyzes membrane phospholipids to produce phosphatidic acid (PA), which has been proposed to play a second messenger role in immunity. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PLD family consists of 12 members, and for some of these, a specific function in resistance toward a subset of pathogens has been shown. We demonstrate here that Arabidopsis PLDγ1, but not its close homologs PLDγ2 and PLDγ3, is specifically involved in plant immunity. Genetic inactivation of PLDγ1 resulted in increased resistance toward the virulent bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea As pldγ1 mutant plants responded with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species to MAMP treatment, a negative regulatory function for this PLD isoform is proposed. Importantly, PA levels in pldγ1 mutants were not affected compared to stressed wild-type plants, suggesting that alterations in PA levels are not likely the cause for the enhanced immunity in the pldγ1 line. Instead, the plasma-membrane-attached PLDγ1 protein colocalized and associated with the BAK1-INTERACTING RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASES BIR2 and BIR3, which are known negative regulators of pattern-triggered immunity. Moreover, complex formation of PLDγ1 and BIR2 was further promoted upon MAMP treatment. Hence, we propose that PLDγ1 acts as a negative regulator of plant immune responses in complex with immunity-related proteins BIR2 and BIR3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Schlöffel
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Salzer
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wei-Lin Wan
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ringo van Wijk
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Section Plant Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Raffaele Del Corvo
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maja Šemanjski
- Proteome Center Tübingen, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Efthymia Symeonidi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Slaby
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Kilian
- Analytics Unit, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Boris Maček
- Proteome Center Tübingen, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Teun Munnik
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Section Plant Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea A Gust
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Goggin DE, Bringans S, Ito J, Powles SB. Plasma membrane receptor-like kinases and transporters are associated with 2,4-D resistance in wild radish. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 125:821-832. [PMID: 31646341 PMCID: PMC7182592 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Resistance to the synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) appears to be due to a complex, multifaceted mechanism possibly involving enhanced constitutive plant defence and alterations in auxin signalling. Based on a previous gene expression analysis highlighting the plasma membrane as being important for 2,4-D resistance, this study aimed to identify the components of the leaf plasma membrane proteome that contribute to resistance. METHODS Isobaric tagging of peptides was used to compare the plasma membrane proteomes of a 2,4-D-susceptible and a 2,4-D-resistant wild radish population under control and 2,4-D-treated conditions. Eight differentially abundant proteins were then targeted for quantification in the plasma membranes of 13 wild radish populations (two susceptible, 11 resistant) using multiple reaction monitoring. KEY RESULTS Two receptor-like kinases of unknown function (L-type lectin domain-containing receptor kinase IV.1-like and At1g51820-like) and the ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCB19, an auxin efflux transporter, were identified as being associated with auxinic herbicide resistance. The variability between wild radish populations suggests that the relative contributions of these candidates are different in the different populations. CONCLUSIONS To date, no receptor-like kinases have been reported to play a role in 2,4-D resistance. The lectin-domain-containing kinase may be involved in perception of 2,4-D at the plasma membrane, but its ability to bind 2,4-D and the identity of its signalling partner(s) need to be confirmed experimentally. ABCB19 is known to export auxinic compounds, but its role in 2,4-D resistance in wild radish appears to be relatively minor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danica E Goggin
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- For correspondence.
| | | | - Jason Ito
- Proteomics International, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Stephen B Powles
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lee D, Lal NK, Lin ZJD, Ma S, Liu J, Castro B, Toruño T, Dinesh-Kumar SP, Coaker G. Regulation of reactive oxygen species during plant immunity through phosphorylation and ubiquitination of RBOHD. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1838. [PMID: 32296066 PMCID: PMC7160206 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15601-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is critical for successful activation of immune responses against pathogen infection. The plant NADPH oxidase RBOHD is a primary player in ROS production during innate immunity. However, how RBOHD is negatively regulated remains elusive. Here we show that RBOHD is regulated by C-terminal phosphorylation and ubiquitination. Genetic and biochemical analyses reveal that the PBL13 receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase phosphorylates RBOHD's C-terminus and two phosphorylated residues (S862 and T912) affect RBOHD activity and stability, respectively. Using protein array technology, we identified an E3 ubiquitin ligase PIRE (PBL13 interacting RING domain E3 ligase) that interacts with both PBL13 and RBOHD. Mimicking phosphorylation of RBOHD (T912D) results in enhanced ubiquitination and decreased protein abundance. PIRE and PBL13 mutants display higher RBOHD protein accumulation, increased ROS production, and are more resistant to bacterial infection. Thus, our study reveals an intricate post-translational network that negatively regulates the abundance of a conserved NADPH oxidase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- DongHyuk Lee
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Neeraj K Lal
- Department of Plant Biology and the Genome Center, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Zuh-Jyh Daniel Lin
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Shisong Ma
- Department of Plant Biology and the Genome Center, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Bardo Castro
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Tania Toruño
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Savithramma P Dinesh-Kumar
- Department of Plant Biology and the Genome Center, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Gitta Coaker
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Structures of plant resistosome reveal how NLR immune receptors are activated. ABIOTECH 2020; 1:147-150. [PMID: 36304717 PMCID: PMC9590527 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-019-00012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins make up the largest immune receptor family in plants. Although many studies have put effort into revealing the working mechanism of NLRs, the activation details of plant NLRs still remain obscure. Recently, two remarkable works resolved the structures of a plant NLR protein, the Arabidopsis thaliana HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE1 (ZAR1), both in resting and activation states. The activated ZAR1 with its partner proteins form a wheel-like pentamer called resistosome that is thought to be able to trigger cell death by perturbing plasma membrane integrity. These findings greatly further our understanding of plant immune system.
Collapse
|
26
|
Tang RJ, Luan M, Wang C, Lhamo D, Yang Y, Zhao FG, Lan WZ, Fu AG, Luan S. Plant Membrane Transport Research in the Post-genomic Era. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:100013. [PMID: 33404541 PMCID: PMC7747983 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2019.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Membrane transport processes are indispensable for many aspects of plant physiology including mineral nutrition, solute storage, cell metabolism, cell signaling, osmoregulation, cell growth, and stress responses. Completion of genome sequencing in diverse plant species and the development of multiple genomic tools have marked a new era in understanding plant membrane transport at the mechanistic level. Genes coding for a galaxy of pumps, channels, and carriers that facilitate various membrane transport processes have been identified while multiple approaches are developed to dissect the physiological roles as well as to define the transport capacities of these transport systems. Furthermore, signaling networks dictating the membrane transport processes are established to fully understand the regulatory mechanisms. Here, we review recent research progress in the discovery and characterization of the components in plant membrane transport that take advantage of plant genomic resources and other experimental tools. We also provide our perspectives for future studies in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Mingda Luan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dhondup Lhamo
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Fu-Geng Zhao
- Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Lan
- Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ai-Gen Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Plasma membrane proteome analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana suspension-cultured cells during cold or ABA treatment: Relationship with freezing tolerance and growth phase. J Proteomics 2020; 211:103528. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
28
|
Califar B, Sng NJ, Zupanska A, Paul AL, Ferl RJ. Root Skewing-Associated Genes Impact the Spaceflight Response of Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:239. [PMID: 32194611 PMCID: PMC7064724 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The observation that plant roots skew in microgravity recently refuted the long-held conviction that skewing was a gravity-dependent phenomenon. Further, spaceflight root skewing suggests that specific root morphologies and cell wall remodeling systems may be important aspects of spaceflight physiological adaptation. However, connections between skewing, cell wall modification and spaceflight physiology are currently based on inferences rather than direct tests. Therefore, the Advanced Plant Experiments-03-2 (APEX-03-2) spaceflight study was designed to elucidate the contribution of two skewing- and cell wall-associated genes in Arabidopsis to root behavior and gene expression patterns in spaceflight, to assess whether interruptions of different skewing pathways affect the overall spaceflight-associated process. SPIRAL1 is a skewing-related protein implicated in directional cell expansion, and functions by regulating cortical microtubule dynamics. SKU5 is skewing-related glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein of the plasma membrane and cell wall implicated in stress response signaling. These two genes function in different cellular pathways that affect skewing on the Earth, and enable a test of the relevance of skewing pathways to spaceflight physiological adaptation. In this study, both sku5 and spr1 mutants showed different skewing behavior and markedly different patterns of gene expression in the spaceflight environment. The spr1 mutant showed fewer differentially expressed genes than its Col-0 wild-type, whereas sku5 showed considerably more than its WS wild-type. Developmental age played a substantial role in spaceflight acclimation in all genotypes, but particularly in sku5 plants, where spaceflight 4d seedlings had almost 10-times as many highly differentially expressed genes as the 8d seedlings. These differences demonstrated that the two skewing pathways represented by SKU5 and SPR1 have unique and opposite contributions to physiological adaptation to spaceflight. The spr1 response is less intense than wild type, suggesting that the loss of SPR1 positively impacts spaceflight adaptation. Conversely, the intensity of the sku5 responses suggests that the loss of SKU5 initiates a much more complex, deeper and more stress related response to spaceflight. This suggests that proper SKU5 function is important to spaceflight adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Califar
- Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- The Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Natasha J. Sng
- Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Agata Zupanska
- Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Anna-Lisa Paul
- Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- The Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology and Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Anna-Lisa Paul,
| | - Robert J. Ferl
- Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- The Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Robert J. Ferl,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Navazio L, Formentin E, Cendron L, Szabò I. Chloroplast Calcium Signaling in the Spotlight. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:186. [PMID: 32226434 PMCID: PMC7081724 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Calcium has long been known to regulate the metabolism of chloroplasts, concerning both light and carbon reactions of photosynthesis, as well as additional non photosynthesis-related processes. In addition to undergo Ca2+ regulation, chloroplasts can also influence the overall Ca2+ signaling pathways of the plant cell. Compelling evidence indicate that chloroplasts can generate specific stromal Ca2+ signals and contribute to the fine tuning of cytoplasmic Ca2+ signaling in response to different environmental stimuli. The recent set up of a toolkit of genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators, targeted to different chloroplast subcompartments (envelope, stroma, thylakoids) has helped to unravel the participation of chloroplasts in intracellular Ca2+ handling in resting conditions and during signal transduction. Intra-chloroplast Ca2+ signals have been demonstrated to occur in response to specific environmental stimuli, suggesting a role for these plant-unique organelles in transducing Ca2+-mediated stress signals. In this mini-review we present current knowledge of stimulus-specific intra-chloroplast Ca2+ transients, as well as recent advances in the identification and characterization of Ca2+-permeable channels/transporters localized at chloroplast membranes. In particular, the potential role played by cMCU, a chloroplast-localized member of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) family, as component of plant environmental sensing is discussed in detail, taking into account some specific structural features of cMCU. In summary, the recent molecular identification of some players of chloroplast Ca2+ signaling has opened new avenues in this rapidly developing field and will hopefully allow a deeper understanding of the role of chloroplasts in shaping physiological responses in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorella Navazio
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elide Formentin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Cendron
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ildikò Szabò,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jiang Y, Han B, Zhang H, Mariappan KG, Bigeard J, Colcombet J, Hirt H. MAP4K4 associates with BIK1 to regulate plant innate immunity. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e47965. [PMID: 31475431 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201947965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To perceive pathogens, plants employ pattern recognition receptor (PRR) complexes, which then transmit these signals via the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase BIK1 to induce defense responses. How BIK1 activity and stability are controlled is still not completely understood. Here, we show that the Hippo/STE20 homolog MAP4K4 regulates BIK1-mediated immune responses. MAP4K4 associates and phosphorylates BIK1 at Ser233, Ser236, and Thr242 to ensure BIK1 stability and activity. Furthermore, MAP4K4 phosphorylates PP2C38 at Ser77 to enable flg22-induced BIK1 activation. Our results uncover that a Hippo/STE20 homolog, MAP4K4, maintains the homeostasis of the central immune component BIK1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Jiang
- Desert Agriculture Initiative, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Baoda Han
- Desert Agriculture Initiative, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huoming Zhang
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kiruthiga G Mariappan
- Desert Agriculture Initiative, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jean Bigeard
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Orsay, France
| | - Jean Colcombet
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Orsay, France
| | - Heribert Hirt
- Desert Agriculture Initiative, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.,Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu C, Cui D, Zhao J, Liu N, Wang B, Liu J, Xu E, Hu Z, Ren D, Tang D, Hu Y. Two Arabidopsis Receptor-like Cytoplasmic Kinases SZE1 and SZE2 Associate with the ZAR1-ZED1 Complex and Are Required for Effector-Triggered Immunity. MOLECULAR PLANT 2019; 12:967-983. [PMID: 30947022 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants utilize intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat domain-containing receptors (NLRs) to recognize pathogen effectors and induce a robust defense response named effector-triggered immunity (ETI). The Arabidopsis NLR protein HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE 1 (ZAR1) forms a precomplex with HOPZ-ETI-DEFICIENT 1 (ZED1), a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK) XII-2 subfamily member, to recognize the Pseudomonas syringae effector HopZ1a. We previously described a dominant mutant of Arabidopsis ZED1, zed1-D, which displays temperature-sensitive autoimmunity in a ZAR1-dependent manner. Here, we report that the RLCKs SUPPRESSOR OF ZED1-D1 (SZE1) and SZE2 associate with the ZAR1-ZED1 complex and are required for the ZED1-D-activated autoimmune response and HopZ1a-triggered immunity. We show that SZE1 but not SZE2 has autophosphorylation activity, and that the N-terminal myristoylation of both SZE1 and SZE2 is critical for their plasma membrane localization and ZED1-D-activated autoimmunity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SZE1 and SZE2 both interact with ZAR1 to form a functional complex and are required for resistance against P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 expressing HopZ1a. We also provide evidence that SZE1 and SZE2 interact with HopZ1a and function together with ZED1 to change the intramolecular interactions of ZAR1, leading to its activation. Taken together, our results reveal SZE1 and SZE2 as critical signaling components of HopZ1a-triggered immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dayong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, China
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Enjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhubing Hu
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Dongtao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dingzhong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuxin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; National Center for Plant Gene Research, Beijing 100093, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang J, Hu M, Wang J, Qi J, Han Z, Wang G, Qi Y, Wang HW, Zhou JM, Chai J. Reconstitution and structure of a plant NLR resistosome conferring immunity. Science 2019; 364:364/6435/eaav5870. [PMID: 30948527 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav5870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 437] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) perceive pathogen effectors to trigger plant immunity. Biochemical mechanisms underlying plant NLR activation have until now remained poorly understood. We reconstituted an active complex containing the Arabidopsis coiled-coil NLR ZAR1, the pseudokinase RKS1, uridylated protein kinase PBL2, and 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate (dATP), demonstrating the oligomerization of the complex during immune activation. The cryo-electron microscopy structure reveals a wheel-like pentameric ZAR1 resistosome. Besides the nucleotide-binding domain, the coiled-coil domain of ZAR1 also contributes to resistosome pentamerization by forming an α-helical barrel that interacts with the leucine-rich repeat and winged-helix domains. Structural remodeling and fold switching during activation release the very N-terminal amphipathic α helix of ZAR1 to form a funnel-shaped structure that is required for the plasma membrane association, cell death triggering, and disease resistance, offering clues to the biochemical function of a plant resistosome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jizong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Meijuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Jinfeng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Zhifu Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Guoxun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Qi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.
| | - Jian-Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.
| | - Jijie Chai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China. .,Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Strasse 47, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Park J, Kim TH, Takahashi Y, Schwab R, Dressano K, Stephan AB, Ceciliato PHO, Ramirez E, Garin V, Huffaker A, Schroeder JI. Chemical genetic identification of a lectin receptor kinase that transduces immune responses and interferes with abscisic acid signaling. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 98:492-510. [PMID: 30659683 PMCID: PMC6488365 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Insight into how plants simultaneously cope with multiple stresses, for example, when challenged with biotic stress from pathogen infection and abiotic stress from drought, is important both for understanding evolutionary trade-offs and optimizing crop responses to these stresses. Mechanisms by which initial plant immune signaling antagonizes abscisic acid (ABA) signal transduction require further investigation. Using a chemical genetics approach, the small molecule [5-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)furan-2-yl]-piperidine-1-ylmethanethione (DFPM) has previously been identified due to its ability to suppress ABA signaling via plant immune signaling components. Here, we have used forward chemical genetics screening to identify DFPM-insensitive loci by monitoring the activity of ABA-inducible pRAB18::GFP in the presence of DFPM and ABA. The ability of DFPM to attenuate ABA signaling was reduced in rda mutants (resistant to DFPM inhibition of ABA signaling). One of the mutants, rda2, was mapped and is defective in a gene encoding a lectin receptor kinase. RDA2 functions in DFPM-mediated inhibition of ABA-mediated reporter expression. RDA2 is required for DFPM-mediated activation of immune signaling, including phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 3 (MPK3) and MPK6, and induction of immunity marker genes. Our study identifies a previously uncharacterized receptor kinase gene that is important for DFPM-mediated immune signaling and inhibition of ABA signaling. We demonstrate that the lectin receptor kinase RDA2 is essential for perceiving the DFPM signal and activating MAPKs, and that MKK4 and MKK5 are required for DFPM interference with ABA signal transduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Park
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Tae-Houn Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Duksung Women’s University, 01369, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yohei Takahashi
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Rebecca Schwab
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Keini Dressano
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Aaron B Stephan
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Paulo HO Ceciliato
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Eduardo Ramirez
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Vince Garin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Alisa Huffaker
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Julian I Schroeder
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla CA 92093-0116, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Identification of Candidate Ergosterol-Responsive Proteins Associated with the Plasma Membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061302. [PMID: 30875866 PMCID: PMC6471938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of fungal diseases on crop production negatively reflects on sustainable food production and overall economic health. Ergosterol is the major sterol component in fungal membranes and regarded as a general elicitor or microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) molecule. Although plant responses to ergosterol have been reported, the perception mechanism is still unknown. Here, Arabidopsis thaliana protein fractions were used to identify those differentially regulated following ergosterol treatment; additionally, they were subjected to affinity-based chromatography enrichment strategies to capture and categorize ergosterol-interacting candidate proteins using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Mature plants were treated with 250 nM ergosterol over a 24 h period, and plasma membrane-associated fractions were isolated. In addition, ergosterol was immobilized on two different affinity-based systems to capture interacting proteins/complexes. This resulted in the identification of defense-related proteins such as chitin elicitor receptor kinase (CERK), non-race specific disease resistance/harpin-induced (NDR1/HIN1)-like protein, Ras-related proteins, aquaporins, remorin protein, leucine-rich repeat (LRR)- receptor like kinases (RLKs), G-type lectin S-receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase (GsSRK), and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein. Furthermore, the results elucidated unknown signaling responses to this MAMP, including endocytosis, and other similarities to those previously reported for bacterial flagellin, lipopolysaccharides, and fungal chitin.
Collapse
|
35
|
Kadota Y, Liebrand TW, Goto Y, Sklenar J, Derbyshire P, Menke FL, Torres MA, Molina A, Zipfel C, Coaker G, Shirasu K. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis reveals common regulatory mechanisms between effector- and PAMP-triggered immunity in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:2160-2175. [PMID: 30300945 PMCID: PMC6367033 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant immunity consists of two arms: pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI), induced by surface-localized receptors, and effector-triggered immunity (ETI), induced by intracellular receptors. Despite the little structural similarity, both receptor types activate similar responses with different dynamics. To better understand phosphorylation events during ETI, we employed a phosphoproteomic screen using an inducible expression system of the bacterial effector avrRpt2 in Arabidopsis thaliana, and identified 109 differentially phosphorylated residues of membrane-associated proteins on activation of the intracellular RPS2 receptor. Interestingly, several RPS2-regulated phosphosites overlap with sites that are regulated during PTI, suggesting that these phosphosites may be convergent points of both signaling arms. Moreover, some of these sites are residues of important defense components, including the NADPH oxidase RBOHD, ABC-transporter PEN3, calcium-ATPase ACA8, noncanonical Gα protein XLG2 and H+ -ATPases. In particular, we found that S343 and S347 of RBOHD are common phosphorylation targets during PTI and ETI. Our mutational analyses showed that these sites are required for the production of reactive oxygen species during both PTI and ETI, and immunity against avirulent bacteria and a virulent necrotrophic fungus. We provide, for the first time, large-scale phosphoproteomic data of ETI, thereby suggesting crucial roles of common phosphosites in plant immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kadota
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Plant Immunity Research Group, Suehiro-cho 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Thomas W.H. Liebrand
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yukihisa Goto
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Plant Immunity Research Group, Suehiro-cho 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Jan Sklenar
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Paul Derbyshire
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Frank L.H. Menke
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Miguel-Angel Torres
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus Montegancedo UPM, 28223-Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Molina
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus Montegancedo UPM, 28223-Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Plant Physiology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gitta Coaker
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ken Shirasu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Plant Immunity Research Group, Suehiro-cho 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Takáč T, Pechan T, Šamajová O, Šamaj J. Proteomic Analysis of Arabidopsis pldα 1 Mutants Revealed an Important Role of Phospholipase D Alpha 1 in Chloroplast Biogenesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:89. [PMID: 30833950 PMCID: PMC6388422 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase D alpha 1 (PLDα1) is a phospholipid hydrolyzing enzyme playing multiple regulatory roles in stress responses of plants. Its signaling activity is mediated by phosphatidic acid (PA) production, capacity to bind, and modulate G-protein complexes or by interaction with other proteins. This work presents a quantitative proteomic analysis of two T-DNA insertion pldα1 mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana. Remarkably, PLDα1 knockouts caused differential regulation of many proteins forming protein complexes, while PLDα1 might be required for their stability. Almost one third of differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in pldα1 mutants are implicated in metabolism and RNA binding. Latter functional class comprises proteins involved in translation, RNA editing, processing, stability, and decay. Many of these proteins, including those regulating chloroplast protein import and protein folding, share common functions in chloroplast biogenesis and leaf variegation. Consistently, pldα1 mutants showed altered level of TIC40 (a major regulator of protein import into chloroplast), differential accumulation of photosynthetic protein complexes and changed chloroplast sizes as revealed by immunoblotting, blue-native electrophoresis, and microscopic analyses, respectively. Our proteomic analysis also revealed that genetic depletion of PLDα1 also affected proteins involved in cell wall architecture, redox homeostasis, and abscisic acid signaling. Taking together, PLDα1 appears as a protein integrating cytosolic and plastidic protein translations, plastid protein degradation, and protein import into chloroplast in order to regulate chloroplast biogenesis in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Takáč
- Faculty of Science, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Tibor Pechan
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, United States
| | - Olga Šamajová
- Faculty of Science, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jozef Šamaj
- Faculty of Science, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Jozef Šamaj
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang M, Chiang YH, Toruño TY, Lee D, Ma M, Liang X, Lal NK, Lemos M, Lu YJ, Ma S, Liu J, Day B, Dinesh-Kumar SP, Dehesh K, Dou D, Zhou JM, Coaker G. The MAP4 Kinase SIK1 Ensures Robust Extracellular ROS Burst and Antibacterial Immunity in Plants. Cell Host Microbe 2018; 24:379-391.e5. [PMID: 30212650 PMCID: PMC6279242 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Microbial patterns are recognized by cell-surface receptors to initiate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) in plants. Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs), such as BIK1, and calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) are engaged during PTI to activate the NADPH oxidase RBOHD for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. It is unknown whether protein kinases besides CPKs and RLCKs participate in RBOHD regulation. We screened mutants in all ten Arabidopsis MAP4 kinases (MAP4Ks) and identified the conserved MAP4K SIK1 as a positive regulator of PTI. sik1 mutants were compromised in their ability to elicit the ROS burst in response to microbial features and exhibited compromised PTI to bacterial infection. SIK1 directly interacts with, phosphorylates, and stabilizes BIK1 in a kinase activity-dependent manner. Furthermore, SIK1 directly interacts with and phosphorylates RBOHD upon flagellin perception. Thus, SIK1 positively regulates immunity by stabilizing BIK1 and activating RBOHD to promote the extracellular ROS burst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meixiang Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yi-Hsuan Chiang
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Tania Y Toruño
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - DongHyuk Lee
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Miaomiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiangxiu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Neeraj K Lal
- Department of Plant Biology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mark Lemos
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Institute for Integrative Genome Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Yi-Ju Lu
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Shisong Ma
- Department of Plant Biology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Brad Day
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Savithramma P Dinesh-Kumar
- Department of Plant Biology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Katayoon Dehesh
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Institute for Integrative Genome Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Daolong Dou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jian-Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Gitta Coaker
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Plasma Membrane Proteomics of Arabidopsis Suspension-Cultured Cells Associated with Growth Phase Using Nano-LC-MS/MS. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1696:185-194. [PMID: 29086404 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7411-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana suspension-cultured cells (T87 line) are important model system for studies of responses to biotic and abiotic stresses at the cellular level in vitro since the cells have certain advantages compared with the whole plant system. However, the physiological and morphological characteristics of the cells are influenced by the progress of the growth phase of cells, which may result in different stress tolerance. To obtain comprehensive proteome profiles of the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana T87 suspension-cultured cells at the lag, log, or stationary growth phase, a shotgun proteomics method using nano-LC-MS/MS is used. The results obtained indicate that proteome profiles of the plasma membrane with the progress of the growth phase of cells dynamically changed, which may be associated with the physiological and morphological characteristics of the plasma membrane of the suspension-cultured cells. The proteomics results are further applied to explain different responsive patterns in the plasma membrane to cold acclimation and ABA treatment, which lead to understanding of different freezing tolerance associated with the growth phase of the cells.
Collapse
|
39
|
Rahikainen M, Alegre S, Trotta A, Pascual J, Kangasjärvi S. Trans-methylation reactions in plants: focus on the activated methyl cycle. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 162:162-176. [PMID: 28815615 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Trans-methylation reactions are vital in basic metabolism, epigenetic regulation, RNA metabolism, and posttranslational control of protein function and therefore fundamental in determining the physiological processes in all living organisms. The plant kingdom is additionally characterized by the production of secondary metabolites that undergo specific hydroxylation, oxidation and methylation reactions to obtain a wide array of different chemical structures. Increasing research efforts have started to reveal the enzymatic pathways underlying the biosynthesis of complex metabolites in plants. Further engineering of these enzymatic machineries offers significant possibilities in the development of bio-based technologies, but necessitates deep understanding of their potential metabolic and regulatory interactions. Trans-methylation reactions are tightly coupled with the so-called activated methyl cycle (AMC), an essential metabolic circuit that maintains the trans-methylation capacity in all living cells. Tight regulation of the AMC is crucial in ensuring accurate trans-methylation reactions in different subcellular compartments, cell types, developmental stages and environmental conditions. This review addresses the organization and posttranslational regulation of the AMC and elaborates its critical role in determining metabolic regulation through modulation of methyl utilization in stress-exposed plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moona Rahikainen
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sara Alegre
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Andrea Trotta
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jesús Pascual
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Saijaliisa Kangasjärvi
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tejos R, Rodriguez-Furlán C, Adamowski M, Sauer M, Norambuena L, Friml J. PATELLINS are regulators of auxin-mediated PIN1 relocation and plant development in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.204198. [PMID: 28687624 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.204198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordinated cell polarization in developing tissues is a recurrent theme in multicellular organisms. In plants, a directional distribution of the plant hormone auxin is at the core of many developmental programs. A feedback regulation of auxin on the polarized localization of PIN auxin transporters in individual cells has been proposed as a self-organizing mechanism for coordinated tissue polarization, but the molecular mechanisms linking auxin signalling to PIN-dependent auxin transport remain unknown. We used a microarray-based approach to find regulators of the auxin-induced PIN relocation in Arabidopsis thaliana root, and identified a subset of a family of phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (PITPs), the PATELLINs (PATLs). Here, we show that PATLs are expressed in partially overlapping cell types in different tissues going through mitosis or initiating differentiation programs. PATLs are plasma membrane-associated proteins accumulated in Arabidopsis embryos, primary roots, lateral root primordia and developing stomata. Higher order patl mutants display reduced PIN1 repolarization in response to auxin, shorter root apical meristem, and drastic defects in embryo and seedling development. This suggests that PATLs play a redundant and crucial role in polarity and patterning in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Tejos
- Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, 111093 Iquique, Chile
| | - Cecilia Rodriguez-Furlán
- Plant Molecular Biology Centre, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
| | - Maciej Adamowski
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Michael Sauer
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lorena Norambuena
- Plant Molecular Biology Centre, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Aloui A, Recorbet G, Lemaître-Guillier C, Mounier A, Balliau T, Zivy M, Wipf D, Dumas-Gaudot E. The plasma membrane proteome of Medicago truncatula roots as modified by arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. MYCORRHIZA 2018; 28:1-16. [PMID: 28725961 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-017-0789-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) roots, the plasma membrane (PM) of the host plant is involved in all developmental stages of the symbiotic interaction, from initial recognition to intracellular accommodation of intra-radical hyphae and arbuscules. Although the role of the PM as the agent for cellular morphogenesis and nutrient exchange is especially accentuated in endosymbiosis, very little is known regarding the PM protein composition of mycorrhizal roots. To obtain a global overview at the proteome level of the host PM proteins as modified by symbiosis, we performed a comparative protein profiling of PM fractions from Medicago truncatula roots either inoculated or not with the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis. PM proteins were isolated from root microsomes using an optimized discontinuous sucrose gradient; their subsequent analysis by liquid chromatography followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identified 674 proteins. Cross-species sequence homology searches combined with MS-based quantification clearly confirmed enrichment in PM-associated proteins and depletion of major microsomal contaminants. Changes in protein amounts between the PM proteomes of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal roots were monitored further by spectral counting. This workflow identified a set of 82 mycorrhiza-responsive proteins that provided insights into the plant PM response to mycorrhizal symbiosis. Among them, the association of one third of the mycorrhiza-responsive proteins with detergent-resistant membranes pointed at partitioning to PM microdomains. The PM-associated proteins responsive to mycorrhization also supported host plant control of sugar uptake to limit fungal colonization, and lipid turnover events in the PM fraction of symbiotic roots. Because of the depletion upon symbiosis of proteins mediating the replacement of phospholipids by phosphorus-free lipids in the plasmalemma, we propose a role of phosphate nutrition in the PM composition of mycorrhizal roots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achref Aloui
- UMR Agroécologie, INRA/AgroSup/University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Pôle Interactions Plantes Microrganismes, ERL 6003 CNRS, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon Cedex, France
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extrêmophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cédria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-lif, Tunisia
| | - Ghislaine Recorbet
- UMR Agroécologie, INRA/AgroSup/University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Pôle Interactions Plantes Microrganismes, ERL 6003 CNRS, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon Cedex, France.
| | - Christelle Lemaître-Guillier
- UMR Agroécologie, INRA/AgroSup/University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Pôle Interactions Plantes Microrganismes, ERL 6003 CNRS, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Arnaud Mounier
- UMR Agroécologie, INRA/AgroSup/University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Pôle Interactions Plantes Microrganismes, ERL 6003 CNRS, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Balliau
- UMR de Génétique végétale, PAPPSO, Ferme du Moulon, 91190, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Michel Zivy
- UMR de Génétique végétale, PAPPSO, Ferme du Moulon, 91190, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Daniel Wipf
- UMR Agroécologie, INRA/AgroSup/University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Pôle Interactions Plantes Microrganismes, ERL 6003 CNRS, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Eliane Dumas-Gaudot
- UMR Agroécologie, INRA/AgroSup/University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Pôle Interactions Plantes Microrganismes, ERL 6003 CNRS, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hooper CM, Stevens TJ, Saukkonen A, Castleden IR, Singh P, Mann GW, Fabre B, Ito J, Deery MJ, Lilley KS, Petzold CJ, Millar AH, Heazlewood JL, Parsons HT. Multiple marker abundance profiling: combining selected reaction monitoring and data-dependent acquisition for rapid estimation of organelle abundance in subcellular samples. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 92:1202-1217. [PMID: 29024340 PMCID: PMC5863471 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Measuring changes in protein or organelle abundance in the cell is an essential, but challenging aspect of cell biology. Frequently-used methods for determining organelle abundance typically rely on detection of a very few marker proteins, so are unsatisfactory. In silico estimates of protein abundances from publicly available protein spectra can provide useful standard abundance values but contain only data from tissue proteomes, and are not coupled to organelle localization data. A new protein abundance score, the normalized protein abundance scale (NPAS), expands on the number of scored proteins and the scoring accuracy of lower-abundance proteins in Arabidopsis. NPAS was combined with subcellular protein localization data, facilitating quantitative estimations of organelle abundance during routine experimental procedures. A suite of targeted proteomics markers for subcellular compartment markers was developed, enabling independent verification of in silico estimates for relative organelle abundance. Estimation of relative organelle abundance was found to be reproducible and consistent over a range of tissues and growth conditions. In silico abundance estimations and localization data have been combined into an online tool, multiple marker abundance profiling, available in the SUBA4 toolbox (http://suba.live).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia M. Hooper
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy BiologyThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWA6009Australia
| | | | - Anna Saukkonen
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1QRUK
| | - Ian R. Castleden
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy BiologyThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWA6009Australia
| | - Pragya Singh
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94702USA
| | - Gregory W. Mann
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94702USA
| | - Bertrand Fabre
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1QRUK
| | - Jun Ito
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94702USA
| | - Michael J Deery
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1QRUK
| | | | | | - A. Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy BiologyThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWA6009Australia
| | - Joshua L. Heazlewood
- Joint BioEnergy InstituteLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94702USA
- School of BioSciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC3010Australia
| | - Harriet T. Parsons
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1QRUK
- Copenhagen University, Plant and Environmental SciencesFrederiksberg1871Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lim GH, Singhal R, Kachroo A, Kachroo P. Fatty Acid- and Lipid-Mediated Signaling in Plant Defense. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2017; 55:505-536. [PMID: 28777926 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080516-035406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids and lipids, which are major and essential constituents of all plant cells, not only provide structural integrity and energy for various metabolic processes but can also function as signal transduction mediators. Lipids and fatty acids can act as both intracellular and extracellular signals. In addition, cyclic and acyclic products generated during fatty acid metabolism can also function as important chemical signals. This review summarizes the biosynthesis of fatty acids and lipids and their involvement in pathogen defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gah-Hyun Lim
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546;
| | - Richa Singhal
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546;
| | - Aardra Kachroo
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546;
| | - Pradeep Kachroo
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546;
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Popescu SC, Brauer EK, Dimlioglu G, Popescu GV. Insights into the Structure, Function, and Ion-Mediated Signaling Pathways Transduced by Plant Integrin-Linked Kinases. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:376. [PMID: 28421082 PMCID: PMC5376563 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Kinases facilitate detection of extracellular signals and set in motion cellular responses for plant adaptation and survival. Some of the energy utilized for kinase signal processing is produced through the activity of ion transporters. Additionally, the synergy between cellular ions and signal transduction influences plant response to pathogens, and their growth and development. In plants, the signaling elements that connect cell wall and membrane sensors with ion homeostasis and transport-mediated processes are largely unknown. Current research indicates that plant Integrin-Linked Kinases (ILKs), a subfamily Raf-like MAP2K Kinases, may have evolved to fulfill this role. In this review, we explore new findings on plant ILKs placing a particular focus on the connection between ILKs proteins unique structural features and ILKs functions. The ankyrin repeat motifs and the kinase domains of ILKs in Arabidopsis and land plants lineage, respectively, are analyzed and discussed as potential determinants of ILKs' metal ion cofactor specificity and their enzymatic and interaction activities. Further, ILKs regulation through gene expression, subcellular localization, and ions and ion transporters is reviewed in the context of recent studies. Finally, using evidence from literature and interactomics databanks, we infer ILKs-dependent cellular pathways and highlight their potential in transmitting multiple types of signals originating at the interface between the cell wall and plasma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sorina C. Popescu
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Plant Pathology, and Entomology, Mississippi State University, StarkvilleMS, USA
| | - Elizabeth K. Brauer
- Ottawa Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, OttawaON, Canada
| | - Gizem Dimlioglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Plant Pathology, and Entomology, Mississippi State University, StarkvilleMS, USA
| | - George V. Popescu
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, StarkvilleMS, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Vilakazi CS, Dubery IA, Piater LA. Identification of lipopolysaccharide-interacting plasma membrane-type proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 111:155-165. [PMID: 27936405 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an amphiphatic bacterial glycoconjugate found on the external membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. This endotoxin is considered as a microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) molecule and has been shown to elicit defense responses in plants. Here, LPS-interacting proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana plasma membrane (PM)-type fractions were captured and identified in order to investigate those involved in LPS perception and linked to triggering of innate immune responses. A novel proteomics-based affinity-capture strategy coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed for the enrichment and identification of LPS-interacting proteins. As such, LPS isolated from Burkholderia cepacia (LPSB.cep.) was immobilized on three independent and distinct affinity-based matrices to serve as bait for interacting proteins from A. thaliana leaf and callus tissue. These were resolved by 1D electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometry. Proteins specifically bound to LPSB.cep. have been implicated in membrane structure (e.g. COBRA-like and tubulin proteins), membrane trafficking and/or transport (e.g. soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins, patellin, aquaporin, PM instrinsic proteins (PIP) and H+-ATPase), signal transduction (receptor-like kinases and calcium-dependent protein kinases) as well as defense/stress responses (e.g. hypersensitive-induced response (HIR) proteins, jacalin-like lectin domain-containing protein and myrosinase-binding proteins). The novel affinity-capture strategy for the enrichment of LPS-interacting proteins proved to be effective, especially in the binding of proteins involved in plant defense responses, and can thus be used to elucidate LPS-mediated molecular recognition and disease mechanism(s).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius S Vilakazi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus, PO. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Ian A Dubery
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus, PO. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Lizelle A Piater
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus, PO. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Rahikainen M, Trotta A, Alegre S, Pascual J, Vuorinen K, Overmyer K, Moffatt B, Ravanel S, Glawischnig E, Kangasjärvi S. PP2A-B'γ modulates foliar trans-methylation capacity and the formation of 4-methoxy-indol-3-yl-methyl glucosinolate in Arabidopsis leaves. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 89:112-127. [PMID: 27598402 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSL) of cruciferous plants comprise a major group of structurally diverse secondary compounds which act as deterrents against aphids and microbial pathogens and have large commercial and ecological impacts. While the transcriptional regulation governing the biosynthesis and modification of GSL is now relatively well understood, post-translational regulatory components that specifically determine the structural variation of indole glucosinolates have not been reported. We show that the cytoplasmic protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'γ (PP2A-B'γ) physically interacts with indole glucosinolate methyltransferases and controls the methoxylation of indole glucosinolates and the formation of 4-methoxy-indol-3-yl-methyl glucosinolate in Arabidopsis leaves. By taking advantage of proteomic approaches and metabolic analysis we further demonstrate that PP2A-B'γ is required to control the abundance of oligomeric protein complexes functionally linked with the activated methyl cycle and the trans-methylation capacity of leaf cells. These findings highlight the key regulatory role of PP2A-B'γ in methionine metabolism and provide a previously unrecognized perspective for metabolic engineering of glucosinolate metabolism in cruciferous plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moona Rahikainen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Andrea Trotta
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Sara Alegre
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Jesús Pascual
- Plant Physiology Lab, Organisms and Systems Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Katariina Vuorinen
- Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirk Overmyer
- Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Barbara Moffatt
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Stéphane Ravanel
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS UMR5168, INRA UMR1417, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Erich Glawischnig
- Department of Plant Sciences, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Str.4, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Saijaliisa Kangasjärvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yadeta KA, Elmore JM, Creer AY, Feng B, Franco JY, Rufian JS, He P, Phinney B, Coaker G. A Cysteine-Rich Protein Kinase Associates with a Membrane Immune Complex and the Cysteine Residues Are Required for Cell Death. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 173:771-787. [PMID: 27852951 PMCID: PMC5210739 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-localized proteins perceive and respond to biotic and abiotic stresses. We performed quantitative proteomics on plasma membrane-enriched samples from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) treated with bacterial flagellin. We identified multiple receptor-like protein kinases changing in abundance, including cysteine (Cys)-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) that are up-regulated upon the perception of flagellin. CRKs possess extracellular Cys-rich domains and constitute a gene family consisting of 46 members in Arabidopsis. The single transfer DNA insertion lines CRK28 and CRK29, two CRKs induced in response to flagellin perception, did not exhibit robust alterations in immune responses. In contrast, silencing of multiple bacterial flagellin-induced CRKs resulted in enhanced susceptibility to pathogenic Pseudomonas syringae, indicating functional redundancy in this large gene family. Enhanced expression of CRK28 in Arabidopsis increased disease resistance to P. syringae Expression of CRK28 in Nicotiana benthamiana induced cell death, which required intact extracellular Cys residues and a conserved kinase active site. CRK28-mediated cell death required the common receptor-like protein kinase coreceptor BAK1. CRK28 associated with BAK1 as well as the activated FLAGELLIN-SENSING2 (FLS2) immune receptor complex. CRK28 self-associated as well as associated with the closely related CRK29. These data support a model where Arabidopsis CRKs are synthesized upon pathogen perception, associate with the FLS2 complex, and coordinately act to enhance plant immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koste A Yadeta
- Department of Plant Pathology (K.A.Y., J.M.E., A.Y.C., J.Y.F., G.C., J.S.R.) and Genome Center Proteomics Core Facility (B.P.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; and
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (B.F.)
| | - James M Elmore
- Department of Plant Pathology (K.A.Y., J.M.E., A.Y.C., J.Y.F., G.C., J.S.R.) and Genome Center Proteomics Core Facility (B.P.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; and
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (B.F.)
| | - Athena Y Creer
- Department of Plant Pathology (K.A.Y., J.M.E., A.Y.C., J.Y.F., G.C., J.S.R.) and Genome Center Proteomics Core Facility (B.P.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; and
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (B.F.)
| | - Baomin Feng
- Department of Plant Pathology (K.A.Y., J.M.E., A.Y.C., J.Y.F., G.C., J.S.R.) and Genome Center Proteomics Core Facility (B.P.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; and
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (B.F.)
| | - Jessica Y Franco
- Department of Plant Pathology (K.A.Y., J.M.E., A.Y.C., J.Y.F., G.C., J.S.R.) and Genome Center Proteomics Core Facility (B.P.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; and
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (B.F.)
| | - Jose Sebastian Rufian
- Department of Plant Pathology (K.A.Y., J.M.E., A.Y.C., J.Y.F., G.C., J.S.R.) and Genome Center Proteomics Core Facility (B.P.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; and
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (B.F.)
| | - Ping He
- Department of Plant Pathology (K.A.Y., J.M.E., A.Y.C., J.Y.F., G.C., J.S.R.) and Genome Center Proteomics Core Facility (B.P.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; and
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (B.F.)
| | - Brett Phinney
- Department of Plant Pathology (K.A.Y., J.M.E., A.Y.C., J.Y.F., G.C., J.S.R.) and Genome Center Proteomics Core Facility (B.P.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; and
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (B.F.)
| | - Gitta Coaker
- Department of Plant Pathology (K.A.Y., J.M.E., A.Y.C., J.Y.F., G.C., J.S.R.) and Genome Center Proteomics Core Facility (B.P.), University of California, Davis, California 95616; and
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (B.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
LaMontagne ED, Collins CA, Peck SC, Heese A. Isolation of Microsomal Membrane Proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 1:217-234. [PMID: 31725992 DOI: 10.1002/cppb.20020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cellular membranes define the boundaries between organelles and the cytosol or the extracellular environment, thus providing functional separation between subcellular compartments. In addition, membranes assist in a diverse range of cellular functions, including serving as signaling platforms, mediating transport of molecules, and facilitating trafficking of cargo between cellular compartments. Because membrane functionality is largely defined by protein composition, exploring the roles of membrane proteins is of interest to many researchers. This article focuses on the subcellular fractionation of microsomes, which are membrane-derived vesicles formed during cell lysis. In plants, microsomes mainly consist of the plasma membrane and membranes derived from the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network, and tonoplast. The article describes the different steps involved in enriching for and solubilizing microsomal membrane proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and cultured cells by differential centrifugation. Solubilized microsomal proteins can be used for subsequent immunoblot analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, or proteomic studies. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica D LaMontagne
- University of Missouri-Columbia, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group (IPG), Columbia, Missouri
| | - Carina A Collins
- University of Missouri-Columbia, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group (IPG), Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott C Peck
- University of Missouri-Columbia, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group (IPG), Columbia, Missouri.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Antje Heese
- University of Missouri-Columbia, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group (IPG), Columbia, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gel-based and gel-free search for plasma membrane proteins in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) augments the comprehensive data sets of membrane protein repertoire. J Proteomics 2016; 143:199-208. [PMID: 27109347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Plasma membrane (PM) encompasses total cellular contents, serving as semi-porous barrier to cell exterior. This living barrier regulates all cellular exchanges in a spatio-temporal fashion. Most of the essential tasks of PMs including molecular transport, cell-cell interaction and signal transduction are carried out by their proteinaceous components, which make the PM protein repertoire to be diverse and dynamic. Here, we report the systematic analysis of PM proteome of a food legume, chickpea and develop a PM proteome reference map. Proteins were extracted from highly enriched PM fraction of four-week-old seedlings using aqueous two-phase partitioning. To address a population of PM proteins that is as comprehensive as possible, both gel-based and gel-free approaches were employed, which led to the identification of a set of 2732 non-redundant proteins. These included both integral proteins having bilayer spanning domains as well as peripheral proteins associated with PMs through posttranslational modifications or protein-protein interactions. Further, the proteins were subjected to various in-silico analyses and functionally classified based on their gene ontology. Finally an inventory of the complete set of PM proteins, identified in several monocot and dicot species, was created for comparative study with the generated PM protein dataset of chickpea. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chickpea, a rich source of dietary proteins, is the second most cultivated legume, which is grown over 10 million hectares of land worldwide. The annual global production of chickpea hovers around 8.5 million metric tons. Recent chickpea genome sequencing effort has provided a broad genetic basis for highlighting the important traits that may fortify other crop legumes. Improvement in chickpea varieties can further strengthen the world food security, which includes food availability, access and utilization. It is known that the phenotypic trait of a cultivar is the manifestation of the orchestrated functions of its proteins. Study of the PM proteome offers insights into the mechanism of communication between the cell and its environment by identification of receptors, signalling proteins and membrane transporters. Knowledge of the PM protein repertoire of a relatively dehydration tolerant chickpea variety, JG-62, can contribute in development of strategies for metabolic reprograming of crop species and breeding applications.
Collapse
|
50
|
Grandellis C, Giammaria V, Fantino E, Cerrudo I, Bachmann S, Santin F, Ulloa RM. Transcript profiling reveals that cysteine protease inhibitors are up-regulated in tuber sprouts after extended darkness. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 16:399-418. [PMID: 27075731 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers are an excellent staple food due to its high nutritional value. When the tuber reaches physiological competence, sprouting proceeds accompanied by changes at mRNA and protein levels. Potato tubers become a source of carbon and energy until sprouts are capable of independent growth. Transcript profiling of sprouts grown under continuous light or dark conditions was performed using the TIGR 10K EST Solanaceae microarray. The profiles analyzed show a core of highly expressed transcripts that are associated to the reactivation of growth. Under light conditions, the photosynthetic machinery was fully activated; the highest up-regulation was observed for the Rubisco activase (RCA), the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and the Photosystem II 22 kDa protein (CP22) genes, among others. On the other hand, sprouts exposed to continuous darkness elongate longer, and after extended darkness, synthesis of chloroplast components was repressed, the expression of proteases was reduced while genes encoding cysteine protease inhibitors (CPIs) and metallocarboxypeptidase inhibitors (MPIs) were strongly induced. Northern blot and RT-PCR analysis confirmed that MPI levels correlated with the length of the dark period; however, CPI expression was strong only after longer periods of darkness, suggesting a feedback loop (regulation mechanism) in response to dark-induced senescence. Prevention of cysteine protease activity in etiolated sprouts exposed to extended darkness could delay senescence until they emerge to light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Grandellis
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490 2nd piso, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Veronica Giammaria
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490 2nd piso, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elisa Fantino
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490 2nd piso, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Cerrudo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490 2nd piso, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, and Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biotecnología (IB), Universidad Nacional de Hurlingham, Av. Vergara 2222, Villa Tesei, Hurlingham, B1688GEZ, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra Bachmann
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490 2nd piso, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Franco Santin
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490 2nd piso, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rita M Ulloa
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490 2nd piso, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|