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Zaib S, Hayat A, Khan I. Probiotics and their Beneficial Health Effects. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:110-125. [PMID: 37291788 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230608163823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are living microorganisms that are present in cultured milk and fermented food. Fermented foods are a rich source for the isolation of probiotics. They are known as good bacteria. They have various beneficial effects on human health including antihypertensive effects, antihypercholesterolemic effects, prevention of bowel disease, and improving the immune system. Microorganisms including bacteria, yeast, and mold are used as probiotics but the major microorganisms that are used as probiotics are bacteria from the genus Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Streptococcus, and Bifidobacterium. Probiotics are beneficial in the prevention of harmful effects. Recently, the use of probiotics for the treatment of various oral and skin diseases has also gained significant attention. Clinical studies indicate that the usage of probiotics can alter gut microbiota composition and provoke immune modulation in a host. Due to their various health benefits, probiotics are attaining more interest as a substitute for antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs leading to the growth of the probiotic market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Zaib
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Hayat
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131, Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
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Kudra A, Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka K, Sobocki BK, Muszyński D, Połom J, Carbone L, Marano L, Roviello F, Kalinowski L, Stachowska E. Postbiotics in oncology: science or science fiction? Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1182547. [PMID: 37608943 PMCID: PMC10440707 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1182547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome has been increasingly understood to play a critical role in carcinogenesis and cancer disease progression. The most recent research advancements have shown that different tools of microbiota manipulation contribute to gut microbiome-immune-oncology axis modulation, offering exciting opportunities for targeted interventions aimed at improving the efficacy of established anti-cancer therapy. Postbiotics are a new entry among the biotics showing beneficial effects on human health while not requiring living cells to obtain the health effect and therefore not subjected to food safety rules for live microorganisms. Postbiotics are recently defined as the "preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host" and have gradually become the focus of the scientific community. Since the beginning of research on this topic, numerous studies about postbiotics have been proven to strengthen the gut barrier, reduce inflammation, and promote antimicrobial activity. However, research on the potential application of cancer therapy is still at the early stages of its efforts to uncover all the secrets surrounding postbiotics. This review aims to increase our understanding of the anti-cancer effect of postbiotics throughout a "bibliographic journey" on the biological activity of their components, including exopolysaccharides, cell wall fragments, tryptophan metabolites, enzymes, bacterial lysates, extracellular vesicles, and short-chain fatty acids, highlighting their perspective as a new supportive therapeutic method of treatment and identifying the literature gaps where further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kudra
- Scientific Circle of Studies Regarding Personalized Medicine Associated With Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Bartosz Kamil Sobocki
- Scientific Circle of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Damian Muszyński
- Scientific Circle of Studies Regarding Personalized Medicine Associated With Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Połom
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ludovico Carbone
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Luigi Marano
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Franco Roviello
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Leszek Kalinowski
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- BioTechMed Centre/Department of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Anticancer properties of curcumin-treated Lactobacillus plantarum against the HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2860. [PMID: 36801895 PMCID: PMC9938284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria with functions of importance to the health and well-being of the host exhibit various medicinal properties including anti-proliferative properties against cancer cells. There are observations demonstrating probiotic bacteria and their metabolomics can be different in various populations with different eating habits. Here, Lactobacillus plantarum was treated with curcumin (the major compound of turmeric), and its resistance to the curcumin was determined. After then the cell-free supernatants of untreated bacteria (CFS) and bacteria treated with curcumin (cur-CFS) were isolated and their anti-proliferative properties against HT-29 colon cancer cells were compared. The ability of L. plantarum treated with curcumin to combat a variety of pathogenic bacterial species and its ability to survive in acidic conditions were evidence that the probiotic properties of the bacterium were unaffected by the curcumin treatment. L. plantarum treated with curcumin and intact L. plantarum were both able to live in acidic conditions, according to the results of the resistance to low pH test. The MTT result showed that CFS and cur-CFS dose-dependently decreased the growth of HT29 cells with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 181.7 and 116.3 µL/mL at 48 h, respectively. Morphological alteration of DAPI-stained cells also exhibited significant fragmentation in the chromatin within the nucleus of cur-CFS-treated cells compared to CFS-treated HT29 cells. Moreover, flow cytometry analyses of apoptosis and cell cycle confirmed DAPI staining and MTT assay results and stipulated the increased occurrence of programmed cell death (apoptosis) in cur-CFS-treated cells (~ 57.65%) compared to CFS-treated cells (~ 47%). These results were more confirmed with qPCR and exhibited the upregulation of Caspase 9-3 and BAX genes, and downregulation of the BCL-2 gene in cur-CFS- and CFS-treated cells. In conclusion, turmeric spice and curcumin may affect the metabolomics of probiotics in intestinal flora which could subsequently influence their anticancer properties.
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Novel Horizons in Postbiotics: Lactobacillaceae Extracellular Vesicles and Their Applications in Health and Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245296. [PMID: 36558455 PMCID: PMC9782203 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus probiotics contained in dietary supplements or functional foods are well-known for their beneficial properties exerted on host health and diverse pathological situations. Their capacity to improve inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and regulate the immune system is especially remarkable. Although bacteria-host interactions have been thought to occur directly, the key role that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from probiotics play on this point is being unveiled. EVs are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles that carry a wide range of cargo compounds and act in different signalling pathways. Notably, these EVs have been recently proposed as a safe alternative to the utilisation of live bacteria since they can avoid the possible risks that probiotics may entail in vulnerable cases such as immunocompromised patients. Therefore, this review aims to give an updated overview of the existing knowledge about EVs from different Lactobacillus strains, their mechanisms and effects in host health and different pathological conditions. All of the information collected suggests that EVs could be considered as potential tools for the development of future novel therapeutic approaches.
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Identification and Investigation of properties of strains Enterococcus spp. Isolated from artisanal Carpathian cheese. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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The Utilisation of Acrylamide by Selected Microorganisms Used for Fermentation of Food. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9110295. [PMID: 34822686 PMCID: PMC8618435 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9110295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) present in food is considered a harmful compound for humans, but it exerts an impact on microorganisms too. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of acrylamide (at conc. 0–10 µg/mL) on the growth of bacteria (Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5) and yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces lactis var. lactis), which are used for food fermentation. Moreover, we decided to verify whether these microorganisms could utilise acrylamide as a nutritional compound. Our results proved that acrylamide can stimulate the growth of L. acidophilus and K. lactis. We have, to the best of our knowledge, reported for the first time that the probiotic strain of bacteria L. acidophilus LA-5 is able to utilise acrylamide as a source of carbon and nitrogen if they lack them in the environment. This is probably due to acrylamide degradation by amidases. The conducted response surface methodology indicated that pH as well as incubation time and temperature significantly influenced the amount of ammonia released from acrylamide by the bacteria. In conclusion, our studies suggest that some strains of bacteria present in milk fermented products can exert additional beneficial impact by diminishing the acrylamide concentration and hence helping to prevent against its harmful impact on the human body and other members of intestinal microbiota.
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Sultana OF, Lee S, Seo H, Mahmud HA, Kim S, Seo A, Kim M, Song HY. Biodegradation and Removal of PAHs by Bacillus velezensis Isolated from Fermented Food. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:999-1010. [PMID: 34024889 PMCID: PMC9705940 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2104.04023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous in the environment. They are highly toxigenic and carcinogenic. Probiotic bacteria isolated from fermented foods were tested to check their ability to degrade and/or detoxify PAHs. Five probiotic bacteria with distinct morphologies were isolated from a mixture of 26 fermented foods co-cultured with benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) containing Bushnell Haas minimal broth. Among them, B. velezensis (PMC10) significantly reduced the abundance of BaP in the broth. PMC10 completely degraded BaP presented at a lower concentration in broth culture. B. velezensis also showed a clear zone of degradation on a BaP-coated Bushnell Haas agar plate. Gene expression profiling showed significant increases of PAH ringhydroxylating dioxygenases and 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase genes in B. velezensis in response to BaP treatment. In addtion, both live and heat-killed B. velezensis removed BaP and naphthalene (Nap) from phosphate buffer solution. Live B. velezensis did not show any cytotoxicity to macrophage or human dermal fibroblast cells. Live-cell and cell-free supernatant of B. velezensis showed potential anti-inflammatory effects. Cell-free supernatant and extract of B. velezensis also showed free radical scavenging effects. These results highlight the prospective ability of B. velezensis to biodegrade and remove toxic PAHs from the human body and suggest that the biodegradation of BaP might be regulated by ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase-initiated metabolic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omme Fatema Sultana
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Saebim Lee
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoonhee Seo
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hafij Al Mahmud
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyung Kim
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahyoung Seo
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijung Kim
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Yeon Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea,Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-41-570-2412 Fax: +82-41-577-2415 E-mail:
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Mihai MM, Ion A, Giurcăneanu C, Nițipir C, Popa AM, Chifiriuc MC, Popa MI, Říčař J, Popa LG, Sârbu I, Lazăr V. The Impact of Long-Term Antibiotic Therapy of Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to EGFR Inhibitors in Colorectal Cancer Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153219. [PMID: 34362003 PMCID: PMC8347035 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an important public health issue, in terms of incidence and mortality, with approximately 1.8 million new cases reported worldwide in 2018. Advancements in understanding pathophysiological key steps in CRC tumorigenesis have led to the development of new targeted therapies such as those based on epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFR inhibitors). The cutaneous adverse reactions induced by EGFR inhibitors, particularly papulopustular rash, often require long-term antibiotic treatment with tetracycline agents (mostly minocycline and doxycycline). However, this raises several issues of concern: possible occurrence of gut dysbiosis in already vulnerable CRC patients, selection of highly antibiotic resistant and/or virulent clones, development of adverse reactions related to tetracyclines, interference of antibiotics with the response to oncologic therapy, with a negative impact on disease prognosis etc. In the context of scarce information regarding these issues and controversial opinions regarding the role of tetracyclines in patients under EGFR inhibitors, our aim was to perform a thorough literature review and discuss the main challenges raised by long-term use of tetracyclines in advanced CRC patients receiving this targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Mădălina Mihai
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology, ‘Elias’ Emergency University Hospital, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.G.); (L.G.P.)
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Elias’ Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, ICUB—Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-C.C.); (V.L.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.M.); (A.I.); Tel.: +40-74-336-4164 (M.M.M.)
| | - Ana Ion
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Elias’ Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.M.M.); (A.I.); Tel.: +40-74-336-4164 (M.M.M.)
| | - Călin Giurcăneanu
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology, ‘Elias’ Emergency University Hospital, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.G.); (L.G.P.)
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Elias’ Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cornelia Nițipir
- Department of Oncology, ‘Elias’ Emergency University Hospital, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.N.); (A.-M.P.)
| | - Ana-Maria Popa
- Department of Oncology, ‘Elias’ Emergency University Hospital, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.N.); (A.-M.P.)
| | - Mariana-Carmen Chifiriuc
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, ICUB—Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-C.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Mircea Ioan Popa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Jan Říčař
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Charles University, Medical School and Teaching Hospital Pilsen, 30599 Pilsen, Czech Republic;
| | - Liliana Gabriela Popa
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology, ‘Elias’ Emergency University Hospital, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.G.); (L.G.P.)
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Elias’ Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela Sârbu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, ICUB—Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Veronica Lazăr
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, ICUB—Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-C.C.); (V.L.)
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Antiobesity Effect of Novel Probiotic Strains in a Mouse Model of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1054-1067. [PMID: 33569747 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the major causes of the development of metabolic diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases and type-2 diabetes mellitus. Increased lipid accumulation and abnormal adipocyte growth, which is an increase in cell numbers and differentiation, have been documented as major pathological characteristics of obesity. Thus, the inhibition of adipogenic differentiation prevents and suppresses obesity. Recently, specific probiotic strains have been known to regulate lipid metabolism in vitro and/or in vivo. Previously, we demonstrated that Lactobacillus johnsonni 3121 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus 86 could act as novel probiotic strains and reduce cholesterol levels. Moreover, both strains significantly reduced lipid accumulation and inhibited adipocyte differentiation by downregulating the adipogenic transcription factor in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Therefore, L. johnsonni 3121 and L. rhamnosus 86 were selected for in vivo evaluation of their anti-obesity effects using a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model. Daily oral administration of L. johnsonni 3121 and L. rhamnosus 86 for 12 weeks significantly improved serum lipid profile and downregulated the expression of genes related to adipogenesis and lipogenesis in epididymal white adipose tissue of high-fat diet fed obese mice (p < 0.05). Fecal analysis also suggested that the two probiotic strains could normalize the altered obesity-related gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed obese mice. These results collectively demonstrate that oral administration of L. johnsonni 3121 and L. rhamnosus 86 could prevent obesity, thereby improving metabolic health.
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The Protective Role of Probiotics against Colorectal Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8884583. [PMID: 33488940 PMCID: PMC7803265 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8884583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and a major global public health problem. With the rapid development of the economy, the incidence of CRC has increased linearly. Accumulating evidence indicates that changes in the gut microenvironment, such as undesirable changes in the microbiota composition, provide favorable conditions for intestinal inflammation and shaping the tumor growth environment, whereas administration of certain probiotics can reverse this situation to a certain extent. This review summarizes the roles of probiotics in the regulation of CRC, such as enhancing the immune barrier, regulating the intestinal immune state, inhibiting pathogenic enzyme activity, regulating CRC cell proliferation and apoptosis, regulating redox homeostasis, and reprograming intestinal microbial composition. Abundant studies have provided a theoretical foundation for the roles of probiotics in CRC prevention and treatment, but their mechanisms of action remain to be investigated, and further clinical trials are warranted for the application of probiotics in the target population.
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Wu J, Zhang Y, Ye L, Wang C. The anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of lactic acid bacteria exopolysaccharides in vitro: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 253:117308. [PMID: 33278957 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a particular group of gram-positive bacteria that are usually involved in natural ferments and widely used in food manufacture industry. Most of them can produce exopolysaccharides (EPS), surface carbohydrate polymers with diverse biological functions. LAB EPS are potentially complementary and alternative medicines against cancer. EPS show anti-proliferative effects on a variety of tumor cells from intestine, liver, breast, etc. They modulate the development of tumors through various mechanisms including promoting apoptosis, inducing cell cycle arrest as well as anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidative, anti-angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory effects. Bacterial origin, existence form, chemical structure, purity et al. are important factors affecting the anticancer effects of EPS. The future challenge lies in elucidating the precise structure-function relationship of LAB EPS. Besides, more in vivo studies and further clinical trials are indispensable to confirm the anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Endodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yuheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Endodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Endodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Chenglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Endodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Effects of Vigiis 101-LAB on a healthy population's gut microflora, peristalsis, immunity, and anti-oxidative capacity: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04979. [PMID: 32995642 PMCID: PMC7511805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vigiis 101-LAB capsules are produced from the fermentation of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101. We tested effects of Vigiis 101-LAB capsules I or II (5 or 10 billion CFU/day, respectively) on gut microflora in clinical trial I, and on peristalsis, immunity, and anti-oxidative capacity in clinical trial II, during a 4-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, adaptive-design study. In trial I, 36 subjects were divided into capsule I and placebo groups. After 4 weeks, Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. counts were significantly higher in the feces of treatment subjects, with increases of 4.01- and 4.25-fold, respectively. In trial II, 52 subjects were divided into capsule II and placebo groups. After 4 weeks, the treatment group was found to have improved motility, decreased food transit time, and significantly increased immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, and antioxidant activity. Thus, daily administration of Vigiis 101 capsule II can improve peristalsis, immunity, and anti-oxidative capacity.
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Stavropoulou E, Bezirtzoglou E. Probiotics in Medicine: A Long Debate. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2192. [PMID: 33072084 PMCID: PMC7544950 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last years probiotics gained the attention of clinicians for their use in the prevention and treatment of multiple diseases. Probiotics main mechanisms of action include enhanced mucosal barrier function, direct antagonism with pathogens, inhibition of bacterial adherence and invasion capacity in the intestinal epithelium, boosting of the immune system and regulation of the central nervous system. It is accepted that there is a mutual communication between the gut microbiota and the liver, the so-called “microbiota-gut-liver axis” as well as a reciprocal communication between the intestinal microbiota and the central nervous system through the “microbiota-gut-brain axis.” Moreover, recently the “gut-lung axis” in bacterial and viral infections is considerably discussed for bacterial and viral infections, as the intestinal microbiota amplifies the alveolar macrophage activity having a protective role in the host defense against pneumonia. The importance of the normal human intestinal microbiota is recognized in the preservation of health. Disease states such as, infections, autoimmune conditions, allergy and other may occur when the intestinal balance is disturbed. Probiotics seem to be a promising approach to prevent and even reduce the symptoms of such clinical states as an adjuvant therapy by preserving the balance of the normal intestinal microbiota and improving the immune system. The present review states globally all different disorders in which probiotics can be given. To date, Stronger data in favor of their clinical use are provided in the prevention of gastrointestinal disorders, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, allergy and respiratory infections. We hereby discuss the role of probiotics in the reduction of the respiratory infection symptoms and we focus on the possibility to use them as an adjuvant to the therapeutic approach of the pandemic COVID-19. Nevertheless, it is accepted by the scientific community that more clinical studies should be undertaken in large samples of diseased populations so that the assessment of their therapeutic potential provide us with strong evidence for their efficacy and safety in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet Stavropoulou
- CHUV (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Institute, Valais Hospital, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Rifkin SB, Giardiello FM, Zhu X, Hylind LM, Ness RM, Drewes JL, Murff HJ, Spence EH, Smalley WE, Gills JJ, Mullin GE, Kafonek D, Luna LL, Zheng W, Sears CL, Shrubsole MJ. Yogurt consumption and colorectal polyps. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:80-91. [PMID: 32077397 PMCID: PMC7438237 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520000550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diet modifies the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), and inconclusive evidence suggests that yogurt may protect against CRC. We analysed the data collected from two separate colonoscopy-based case-control studies. The Tennessee Colorectal Polyp Study (TCPS) and Johns Hopkins Biofilm Study included 5446 and 1061 participants, respectively, diagnosed with hyperplastic polyp (HP), sessile serrated polyp, adenomatous polyp (AP) or without any polyps. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to derive OR and 95 % CI to evaluate comparisons between cases and polyp-free controls and case-case comparisons between different polyp types. We evaluated the association between frequency of yogurt intake and probiotic use with the diagnosis of colorectal polyps. In the TCPS, daily yogurt intake v. no/rare intake was associated with decreased odds of HP (OR 0·54; 95 % CI 0·31, 0·95) and weekly yogurt intake was associated with decreased odds of AP among women (OR 0·73; 95 % CI 0·55, 0·98). In the Biofilm Study, both weekly yogurt intake and probiotic use were associated with a non-significant reduction in odds of overall AP (OR 0·75; 95 % CI 0·54, 1·04) and (OR 0·72; 95 % CI 0·49, 1·06) in comparison with no use, respectively. In summary, yogurt intake may be associated with decreased odds of HP and AP and probiotic use may be associated with decreased odds of AP. Further prospective studies are needed to verify these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara B. Rifkin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Francis M. Giardiello
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiangzhu Zhu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Linda M. Hylind
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Reid M Ness
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Julia L. Drewes
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harvey J. Murff
- Gastroenterology Section or Geriatric Research, Department of Veterans Affairs, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Emma H. Spence
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Walter E. Smalley
- Gastroenterology Section or Geriatric Research, Department of Veterans Affairs, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joell J. Gills
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gerard E. Mullin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Kafonek
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Green Spring Station Endoscopy, Lutherville, MD, USA
| | - Louis La Luna
- Digestive Disease Associates, Reading, Wyomissing, PA, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Gastroenterology Section or Geriatric Research, Department of Veterans Affairs, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cynthia L. Sears
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martha J. Shrubsole
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Gastroenterology Section or Geriatric Research, Department of Veterans Affairs, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
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15
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Heydari Z, Rahaie M, Alizadeh AM, Agah S, Khalighfard S, Bahmani S. Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum Probiotics on the Expression of MicroRNAs 135b, 26b, 18a and 155, and Their Involving Genes in Mice Colon Cancer. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 11:1155-1162. [PMID: 30311185 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-018-9478-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of sources supports that the link between diet and colorectal cancer may be due to an imbalance of the intestinal microflora. In this case, it seems that the probiotics may have a possible molecular mechanism via microRNAs (miRNAs). The present study is aimed to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum probiotics on the expression of miRNAs 135b, 26b, 18a, and 155 and their target genes, including APC, PTEN, KRAS, and PU.1 in mouse azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancer. Thirty-eight male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: the control, AOM, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Bifidobacterium bifidum to deliberate the effects of the probiotics on the miRNAs and their target genes. Except for the control group, the rest groups were weekly given AOM (15 mg/kg, s.c) in three consecutive weeks to induce mouse colon cancer. The animals were given 1.5 g powders of L. acidophilus (1 × 109 cfu/g) and B. bifidum (1 × 109 cfu/g) in 30 cc drinking water in the related groups for 5 months. At the end of the study, the animals were sacrificed and their blood and colon samples were removed for the molecular analyses. The results showed that the expression of the miR-135b, miR-155, and KRAS was increased in the AOM group compared to the control group in both the plasma and the colon tissue samples, and the consumption of the probiotics decreased their expression. Moreover, the miR-26b, miR-18a, APC, PU.1, and PTEN expressions were decreased in the AOM group compared to the control group and the consumption of the probiotics increased their expressions. It seems that Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum though increasing the expression of the tumor suppressor miRNAs and their target genes and decreasing the oncogenes can improve colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Heydari
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Rahaie
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Alizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1419733141, Iran.
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahram Agah
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Solmaz Khalighfard
- Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1419733141, Iran
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Bahmani
- Research and Development Department, Zist Takhmir Company, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Ren C, Faas MM, de Vos P. Disease managing capacities and mechanisms of host effects of lactic acid bacteria. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1365-1393. [PMID: 32366110 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1758625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been suggested to confer health-promoting effects on the host. However, effects of LABs have been reported to be species- and strain-specific and the mechanisms involved are subjects of discussion. Here, the possible mechanisms by which LABs induce antipathogenic, gut barrier enhancing and immune modulating effects in consumers are reviewed. Specific strains for which it has been proven that health is improved by these mechanisms are discussed. However, most strains probably act via several or combinations of mechanisms depending on which effector molecules they express. Current insight is that these effector molecules are either present on the cell wall of LAB or are excreted. These molecules are reviewed as well as the ligand binding receptors in the host. Also postbiotics are discussed. Finally, we provide an overview of the efficacy of LABs in combating infections caused by Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and influenza virus, in controlling gut inflammatory diseases, in managing allergic disorders, and in alleviating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Ren
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke M Faas
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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17
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Increased Expression of Caspase Genes in Colorectal Cancer Cell Line by Nisin. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid.97734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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18
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Asgari S, Pourjavadi A, Licht TR, Boisen A, Ajalloueian F. Polymeric carriers for enhanced delivery of probiotics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 161-162:1-21. [PMID: 32702378 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms (usually bacteria), which are defined by their ability to confer health benefits to the host, if administered adequately. Probiotics are not only used as health supplements but have also been applied in various attempts to prevent and treat gastrointestinal (GI) and non-gastrointestinal diseases such as diarrhea, colon cancer, obesity, diabetes, and inflammation. One of the challenges in the use of probiotics is putative loss of viability by the time of administration. It can be due to procedures that the probiotic products go through during fabrication, storage, or administration. Biocompatible and biodegradable polymers with specific moieties or pH/enzyme sensitivity have shown great potential as carriers of the bacteria for 1) better viability, 2) longer storage times, 3) preservation from the aggressive environment in the stomach and 4) topographically targeted delivery of probiotics. In this review, we focus on polymeric carriers and the procedures applied for encapsulation of the probiotics into them. At the end, some novel methods for specific probiotic delivery, possibilities to improve the targeted delivery of probiotics and some challenges are discussed.
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19
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Nozari S, Faridvand Y, Etesami A, Ahmad Khan Beiki M, Miresmaeili Mazrakhondi SA, Abdolalizadeh J. Potential anticancer effects of cell wall protein fractions from Lactobacillus paracasei on human intestinal Caco-2 cell line. Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 69:148-154. [PMID: 31278768 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of probiotics has an important role in colorectal cancer prevention. In this study, we aimed to explore that the cell wall protein fractions from Lactobacillus paracasei could induce apoptosis on Caco-2 cell line. The cell wall proteins from L. paracasei were fractionated by gel filtration chromatography (F1, F2 and F3) and characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The anticancer properties were evaluated using MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Administration of L. paracasei increased a significant concentration- and time-dependent anti-proliferative effect on Caco-2 cell line, determined by cell viability assays. However, a dramatic decrease in cell viability of Caco-2 cells was observed at the concentration of 100 µg ml-1 of F1 L. paracasei for 72 h (58% cell viability, P < 0·05) The results showed that F1 L. paracasei could induce apoptosis in Caco-2 cancer cell line by increased in annexin V and propidium iodide staining for 72 h (up to 90·6%, P < 0·001). These results indicated the importance of the anticancer effects of cell wall protein fractions of L. paracasei in human colon carcinoma Caco-2 cell line. Thus, cell wall protein fractions of L. paracasei can be a potential chemotherapeutic agent against Caco-2 cell lines. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Significance and Impact of the Study: Our findings revealed that the newly identified cell wall protein fractions from probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei inhibit the cell growth of human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2), and the results indicated that the cell wall proteins from L. paracasei can be a potential chemotherapeutic agent against Caco-2 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nozari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Y Faridvand
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - A Etesami
- Department of Microbiology, Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Ahmad Khan Beiki
- MD school of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | - J Abdolalizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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Bohlul E, Hasanlou F, Taromchi AH, Nadri S. TRAIL-expressing recombinant Lactococcus lactis induces apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma SW480 and HCT116 cells. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 126:1558-1567. [PMID: 30815963 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the ability of Lactococcus lactis, a species generally regarded as safe, to express tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) protein. The expressed protein was either cell wall anchored or secreted, and it was assessed whether this could induce apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines SW480 and HCT116. METHODS AND RESULTS Constructs were designed to produce either secreted or cell wall-anchored forms of human TRAIL cloned into pNZ7021 expression vector. The expression by L. lactis was confirmed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Induction of cell death was evaluated by coculturing transformants producing either form of TRAIL protein with the two cell lines followed by MTT assay. Gene expression of apoptosis genes, Bax and Bcl2, was assessed by qPCR. The viability of SW480 and HCT116 cells treated with recombinant L. lactis was significantly reduced. A significant change was observed in the ratio of Bax/Bcl2 expression in HCT116 cells only following treatment with the supernatant of recombinant L. lactis containing secreted TRAIL. CONCLUSION Recombinant L. lactis producing TRAIL protein can induce apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines SW480 and HCT116. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The use of recombinant probiotics that produce anticancer compounds is a promising option for combating cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bohlul
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - F Hasanlou
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - A H Taromchi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - S Nadri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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21
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Fahmy CA, Gamal-Eldeen AM, El-Hussieny EA, Raafat BM, Mehanna NS, Talaat RM, Shaaban MT. Bifidobacterium longum Suppresses Murine Colorectal Cancer through the Modulation of oncomiRs and Tumor Suppressor miRNAs. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:688-700. [PMID: 30862187 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1577984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The modulatory role of the Bifidobacterium longum (BL), isolated from women breast milk, on some oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs as well as IL-1β and IL6 targeted-miRNAs was investigated using murine colorectal cancer (CRC) induced on the top of inflammatory ulcerative colitis model. The investigation of the oncomiRs miR-21a and miR-155, which regulate IL-6 and IL-1β expression, indicated that both was depressed by BL-administration in healthy and in CRC-mice. BL-administration induced the tumor suppressor miRNAs (miR-145 and miR-15a) expression in both of the healthy and in CRC-mice. The miR-146a expression, which regulates both of IL-1β and IL-6 expression, was decreased after the BL-administration in both of the healthy and in CRC-mice. In CRC-mice, NF-Kb concentration was elevated, however this NF-Kb induction was diminished after the treatment with BL. BL highly enhanced the IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA and protein concentrations in healthy mice. The administration of BL to CRC-mice resulted in a dramatic increase in IL-1β mRNA and IL-1β concentration, which in contrast was accompanied with a decrease in the IL-6 mRNA and IL-6 concentration. BL-administration resulted in a drop in the aberrant crypt foci number in CRC-mice and increased necrosis and fibrosis of the colon cells. The modulatory influence of B. longum on microRNAs may provide an important therapeutic impact in CRC through inhibition of the proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinderella A Fahmy
- a Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory , Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre , Dokki , Cairo, Egypt.,b Biochemistry Department , National Research Centre , Dokki , Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira M Gamal-Eldeen
- a Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory , Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre , Dokki , Cairo, Egypt.,b Biochemistry Department , National Research Centre , Dokki , Cairo, Egypt.,c cClinical Laboratory Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, KSA
| | - Enas A El-Hussieny
- d Zoology Department, Faculty of Science , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Bassem M Raafat
- b Biochemistry Department , National Research Centre , Dokki , Cairo, Egypt.,e Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , KSA
| | - Nayra S Mehanna
- f f Dairy Science and Technology Department , National Research Centre , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Roba M Talaat
- g Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute , Sadat City University , Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T Shaaban
- h h Botany Department, Faculty of Science , Menofiya University , Egypt
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22
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Arora M, Baldi A, Kapila N, Bhandari S, Jeet K. Impact of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Colon Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Future Approaches. CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394714666180724122042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common and most diagnosed types of cancer. It is a
major cause of increased rate of morbidity and mortality across the globe. Currently, the focus has
been shifted towards natural remedies for the treatment of colon cancer. These new methods of
treatment include prebiotics and probiotics, as they offer great potential for alleviating symptoms
of cancer. These are more promising and have lesser side effects than existing medications. Probiotics
are living organisms which confer health benefits when ingested into adequate amounts.
Prebiotics are non-digestible ingredients which promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, which
produce metabolites for stimulation of apoptosis of colonic cancer cell lines. Apart from it,
prebiotics are helpful to modify the activity of enzymes to be produced by beneficial bacteria as
well as for inhibition of several bacteria able to produce carcinogenic enzymes. This review has
been collated to present tremendous benefits and future potential of pro- and prebiotics in the
treatment of colon cancer and to overview the mechanisms of probiotic actions along with their
impact on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika Arora
- Multi Disciplinary Research Unit, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Ashish Baldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Nitesh Kapila
- Department of Quality Assurance, Faculty of Pharmacy, I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Saurav Bhandari
- Department of Quality Assurance, Faculty of Pharmacy, I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Kamal Jeet
- IKG Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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23
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SPG-56 from Sweet potato Zhongshu-1 delayed growth of tumor xenografts in nude mice by modulating gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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24
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Myocardial infarction and gut microbiota: An incidental connection. Pharmacol Res 2018; 129:308-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Abstract
Recently, several lines of evidence that indicate a strong link between the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and aspects of the gut microbiota have become apparent. However, it remains unclear how changes in the gut microbiota might influence carcinogenesis or how regional organization of the gut might influence the microbiota. In this review, we discuss several leading theories that connect gut microbial dysbiosis with CRC and set this against a backdrop of what is known about proximal-distal gut physiology and the pathways of CRC development and progression. Finally, we discuss the potential for gut microbial modulation therapies, for example, probiotics, antibiotics, and others, to target and improve gut microbial dysbiosis as a strategy for the prevention or treatment of CRC.
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26
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Zununi Vahed S, Barzegari A, Rahbar Saadat Y, Goreyshi A, Omidi Y. Leuconostoc mesenteroides-derived anticancer pharmaceuticals hinder inflammation and cell survival in colon cancer cells by modulating NF-κB/AKT/PTEN/MAPK pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:1094-1100. [PMID: 28821160 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Promising results from different studies on the effect of probiotics in cancer prevention and therapy have so far been reported. However, the molecular mechanism of the interaction of probiotics with cancer cells is yet to be fully understood. In the present study, Leuconostoc mesenteroides was isolated from traditional dairy products, and its probiotic characteristics were determined. HT-29 cells were treated with conditioned-medium of designated bacteria and the cell apoptosis was studied at cellular and molecular level using DAPI staining, flow cytometry, DNA ladder assays, and real-time quantitative-PCR (q-PCR). Based on our findings, L. mesenteroides promoted apoptosis in colon cancer cell line by upregulation of MAPK1, Bax, and caspase 3, and downregulation of AKT, NF-κB, Bcl-XL expressions and some key oncomicroRNAs such as miRNA-21 and miRNA-200b significantly (p≤0.03). The results indicated the likelihood of the examined probiotic as an alternative or complementary treatment modality in signaling-targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Zununi Vahed
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Barzegari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yalda Rahbar Saadat
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Goreyshi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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27
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Amaral DM, Silva LF, Casarotti SN, Nascimento LCS, Penna ALB. Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus durans isolated from cheese: Survival in the presence of medications under simulated gastrointestinal conditions and adhesion properties. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:933-949. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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28
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Lactobacilli enhance reactive oxygen species-dependent apoptosis-inducing signaling. Redox Biol 2017; 11:715-724. [PMID: 28193594 PMCID: PMC5310163 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
H2O2-producing lactobacilli in the vaginal fluid have been suggested to play a potential tumor-preventive role in addition to the control of undesirable microorganisms. As the vaginal fluid also contains a significant concentration of peroxidase that might utilize lactobacilli-derived H2O2 as substrate for HOCl synthesis, a dominant biological role of HOCl in both natural defence systems has been postulated. Our study shows that lactobacillus-derived H2O2 per se is not likely to be beneficial for the vaginal epithelium, as it causes apoptosis nonselectively in nontransformed as well as transformed cells. However, the combination of lactobacilli and peroxidase, i.e. the situation that is actually found in vivo, leads to the conversion of H2O2 to HOCl which does not affect non-malignant cells, as these do not generate extracellular superoxide anions. In contrast, malignant cells, due to their abundant extracellular superoxide anion generation allow the generation of apoptosis-inducing hydroxyl radicals through HOCl/superoxide anion interaction. In total, our data show that the combination of H2O2 -generating lactobacilli and peroxidase causes the selective elimination of malignant cells and thus might contribute to the tumorpreventive potential of lactobacilli. These findings are in good agreement with epidemiological data. The contribution of lactobacilli in this system can be completely mimicked by H2O2-generating glucose oxidase, indicating that it is fully explained by bacterial generation of H2O2. Lactobacillus-derived H2O2 induces apoptosis in nontransformed and transformed cells. MPO converts H2O2 into HOCl that exerts a selective apoptosis-inducing effect on malignant cells. Extracellular superoxide anions of malignant cells are crucial for selective apoptosis induction. A model for the tumor protective role of lactobacilli in the presence of peroxidase is presented.
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Kumar R, Dhanda S. Mechanistic Insight of Probiotics Derived Anticancer Pharmaceuticals: A Road Forward for Cancer Therapeutics. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:375-380. [PMID: 28107082 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1267773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are living organisms that confer health benefits when administered in adequate amounts. Probiotics are continuously being explored for their different health beneficiary activities. Anticancer activity is one of the most important benefits both from a preventive and therapeutic point of view. Though not many studies have been conducted to date in this area, a number suggest using laboratory animal models and different cell lines that there may be a mechanistic basis for the anticancer effects of probiotics and require more scientific justification and clinical trials. Most studies of probiotics are conducted for colon cancer associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Studies are also being extended to other types of cancer in different cell lines. This review summarizes studied probiotics considered for treatment of colon cancer and some other cancers (in cancer cell lines) and also proposed mechanism how probiotics are inhibiting cancer growth along with some challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Kumar
- a Department of Biochemistry , Kurukshetra University , Kurukshetra , India
| | - Suman Dhanda
- a Department of Biochemistry , Kurukshetra University , Kurukshetra , India
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Lactobacillus casei Exerts Anti-Proliferative Effects Accompanied by Apoptotic Cell Death and Up-Regulation of TRAIL in Colon Carcinoma Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147960. [PMID: 26849051 PMCID: PMC4744000 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotic microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exert a number of strain-specific health-promoting activities attributed to their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. Despite recent attention, our understanding of the biological processes involved in the beneficial effects of LAB strains is still limited. To this end, the present study investigated the growth-inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 against experimental colon cancer. Administration of live Lactobacillus casei (as well as bacterial components thereof) on murine (CT26) and human (HT29) colon carcinoma cell lines raised a significant concentration- and time-dependent anti-proliferative effect, determined by cell viability assays. Specifically, a dramatic decrease in viability of colon cancer cells co-incubated with 10(9) CFU/mL L. casei for 24 hours was detected (78% for HT29 and 52% for CT26 cells). In addition, live L. casei induced apoptotic cell death in both cell lines as revealed by annexin V and propidium iodide staining. The significance of the in vitro anti-proliferative effects was further confirmed in an experimental tumor model. Oral daily administration of 10(9) CFU live L. casei for 13 days significantly inhibited in vivo growth of colon carcinoma cells, resulting in approximately 80% reduction in tumor volume of treated mice. Tumor growth inhibition was accompanied by L. casei-driven up-regulation of the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand TRAIL and down-regulation of Survivin. Taken together, these findings provide evidence for beneficial tumor-inhibitory, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects driven by this probiotic LAB strain.
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La Anh N. Health-promoting microbes in traditional Vietnamese fermented foods: A review. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen ZF, Ai LY, Wang JL, Ren LL, Yu YN, Xu J, Chen HY, Yu J, Li M, Qin WX, Ma X, Shen N, Chen YX, Hong J, Fang JY. Probiotics Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis ameliorate intestinal tumorigenesis. Future Microbiol 2015; 10:1433-45. [PMID: 26346930 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.15.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To investigate the antitumor effects of probiotics Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis on colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. Materials & methods: The effects of C. butyricum and B. subtilis on CRC cells were studied. Male C57BL/6 mice with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH)-induced CRC were intervened by these two probiotics and the antitumor effects were examined by comparing the tumor incidence and detecting the inflammatory and immune-related markers. Results & conclusions: C. butyricum and B. subtilis inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells, caused cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis. In vivo, these two probiotics inhibited the development of DMH-induced CRC. The molecular mechanism involved reduced inflammation and improved immune homeostasis. This work establishes a basis for the protective role of probiotics B. subtilis and C. butyricum in intestinal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Fei Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Luo-Yan Ai
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ji-Lin Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Lin-Lin Ren
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ya-Nan Yu
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Hao-Yan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease & LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Min Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China
| | - Wen-Xin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes & Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai, China
| | - Xiong Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Division of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China
| | - Ying-Xuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jie Hong
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
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Aisu N, Tanimura S, Yamashita Y, Yamashita K, Maki K, Yoshida Y, Sasaki T, Takeno S, Hoshino S. Impact of perioperative probiotic treatment for surgical site infections in patients with colorectal cancer. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:966-972. [PMID: 26622423 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to estimate the effect of the perioperative administration of probiotics in patients undergoing colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. The study focused on a total of 156 consecutive surgeries carried out from among all the elective CRC surgeries performed between April 2009 and March 2013. The patients involved in surgeries undertaken between April 2009 and October 2011 were placed in the non-probiotic group (group A, 81 patients) and those involved in surgeries between November 2011 and March 2013 were placed in the probiotic group (group B, 75 patients). Postoperative infectious complications were recorded, and the immune responses and fecal microbiota were determined. A breakdown of infectious complications showed that 21 (13.5%) patients experienced superficial incisional surgical site infections (SSIs), of which 16 patients were from group A (19.8%), and five patients from group B (6.7%) (P=0.016). The ImmuKnow® adenosine triphosphate values peaked on the first postoperative day (POD) in both groups. In group A, the ImmuKnow value of the first POD was increased significantly compared with the preoperative value (P=0.022). In group B, the value of the first POD did not increase compared with the preoperative value (P=0.28). In conclusion, probiotic treatment can reduce superficial incisional SSIs in patients undergoing CRC surgery. Perioperative probiotic treatment can enhance immune responses and improve the intestinal microbial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Aisu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shu Tanimura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kanefumi Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kenji Maki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Takeno
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Hoshino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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Park SY, Cho SA, Kim SH, Lim SD. Physiological Characteristics and Anti-obesity Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 Isolated from Feces. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2014; 34:647-55. [PMID: 26761499 PMCID: PMC4662227 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2014.34.5.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is strongly associated with several metabolic and chronic diseases and has become a major public health problem of worldwide concern. This study aimed to investigate the physiological characteristics and anti-obesity effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Q180. Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 was isolated from the faces of healthy adults and found to have a lipase inhibitory activity of 83.61±2.32% and inhibited adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells (14.63±1.37%) at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. The strain was investigated for its physiological characteristics. The optimum growth temperature of L. plantarum Q180 was 37℃. Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 showed higher sensitivity to novobiocin in a comparison of fifteen different antibiotics and showed the highest resistance to rifampicin, polymyxin B and vancomycin. The strain showed higher β-galactosidase and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase activities. It also did not produce carcinogenic enzymes such as β-glucuronidase. The survival rate of L. plantarum Q180 in MRS broth containing 0.3% bile was 97.8%. Moreover, the strain showed a 97.2% survival rate after incubation for 3 h in pH 2.0. Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 was displayed resistance to Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus with rates of 55.6%, 38.0% and 47.6%, respectively. These results demonstrate that L. plantarum Q180 has potential as a probiotic with anti-obesity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Park
- Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam 463-746, Korea
- Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Seong-A Cho
- Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam 463-746, Korea
| | - Sae-Hun Kim
- Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Sang-Dong Lim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam 463-746, Korea
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Abbas Ahmadi M, Tajabadi Ebrahimi M, Mehrabian S, Tafvizi F, Bahrami H, Dameshghian M. Antimutagenic and Anticancer Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Tarhana Through Ames Test and Phylogenetic Analysis By 16S rDNA. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:1406-13. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.956254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hassan OA, AbuGhazaleh AA, Ibrahim SA, Isikhuemhen OS, Awaisheh SS, Tahergorabi R. Viability and α- and β-galactosidase activity ofBifidobacterium breveandLactobacillus reuteriin yoghurt products supplemented with shiitake mushroom extract during refrigerated storage. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Osman A Hassan
- Food and Nutritional Sciences; NC A&T State University; Greensboro NC 27411 USA
| | - Amer A AbuGhazaleh
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition; Southern Illinois University; Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - Salam A Ibrahim
- Food and Nutritional Sciences; NC A&T State University; Greensboro NC 27411 USA
| | | | - Saddam S Awaisheh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science; Al-Balqa Applied University; 19117 Salt Jordan
| | - Reza Tahergorabi
- Food and Nutritional Sciences; NC A&T State University; Greensboro NC 27411 USA
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Probiotic potential and biotherapeutic effects of newly isolated vaginal Lactobacillus acidophilus 36YL strain on cancer cells. Anaerobe 2014; 28:29-36. [PMID: 24818631 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus acidophilus is categorized as a probiotic strain because of its beneficial effects in human health and prevention of disease transmission. This study is aimed to characterize the probiotic potential of L. acidophilus 36YL originally isolated from the vagina of healthy and fertile Iranian women. The L. acidophilus 36YL strain was identified using 16S rDNA gene sequencing and characterized by biochemical methodologies, such as antibiotics susceptibility, antimicrobial activity, and acid and bile resistance. The bioactivity of the secretion of this strain on four human cancer cell lines (AGS, HeLa, MCF-7, and HT-29) and one normal cell line (HUVEC) was evaluated by cytotoxicity assay and apoptosis analysis. This newly isolated strain was found to exhibit notable probiotic properties, such as admirable antibiotic susceptibility, good antimicrobial activity, and favorable resistance to acid and bile salt. The results of bioactivity assessment demonstrated acceptable anticancer effects on the four tested cancer cell lines and negligible side effects on the assayed normal cell line. Our findings revealed that the anticancer effect of L. acidophilus 36YL strain secretions depends on the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. L. acidophilus 36YL strain is considered as a nutraceutical alternative or a topical medication with a potential therapeutic index because of the absence of cytotoxicity to normal cells, but effective toxicity to cancer cell lines.
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Khan AA, Khurshid M, Khan S, Alshamsan A. Gut Microbiota and Probiotics: Current Status and Their Role in Cancer Therapeutics. Drug Dev Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Arif Khan
- Nanomedicine Research Unit; Department of Pharmaceutics; College of Pharmacy; King Saud University; PO Box 2457; Riyadh; 11451; Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Nanomedicine Research Unit; Department of Pharmaceutics; College of Pharmacy; King Saud University; PO Box 2457; Riyadh; 11451; Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahanavaj Khan
- Nanomedicine Research Unit; Department of Pharmaceutics; College of Pharmacy; King Saud University; PO Box 2457; Riyadh; 11451; Saudi Arabia
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Derry MM, Raina K, Agarwal C, Agarwal R. Identifying molecular targets of lifestyle modifications in colon cancer prevention. Front Oncol 2013; 3:119. [PMID: 23675573 PMCID: PMC3653120 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
One in four deaths in the United States is cancer-related, and colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-associated deaths. Screening strategies are utilized but have not reduced disease incidence or mortality. In this regard, there is an interest in cancer preventive strategies focusing on lifestyle intervention, where specific etiologic factors involved in cancer initiation, promotion, and progression could be targeted. For example, exposure to dietary carcinogens, such as nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons influences colon carcinogenesis. Furthermore, dietary deficiencies could alter sensitivity to genetic damage and influence carcinogen metabolism contributing to CRC. High alcohol consumption increases the risk of mutations including the fact that acetaldehyde, an ethanol metabolite, is classified as a group 1 carcinogen. Tobacco smoke exposure is also a risk factor for cancer development; approximately 20% of CRCs are associated with smoking. Additionally, obese patients have a higher risk of cancer development, which is further supported by the fact that physical activity decreases CRC risk by 55%. Similarly, chronic inflammatory conditions also increase the risk of CRC development. Moreover, the circadian clock alters digestion and regulates other biochemical, physiological, and behavioral processes that could influence CRC. Taken together, colon carcinogenesis involves a number of etiological factors, and therefore, to create effective preventive strategies, molecular targets need to be identified and beleaguered prior to disease progression. With this in mind, the following is a comprehensive review identifying downstream target proteins of the above lifestyle risk factors, which are modulated during colon carcinogenesis and could be targeted for CRC prevention by novel agents including phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly M Derry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora, CO, USA
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Orlando A, Refolo MG, Messa C, Amati L, Lavermicocca P, Guerra V, Russo F. Antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of viable or heat-killed Lactobacillus paracasei IMPC2.1 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in HGC-27 gastric and DLD-1 colon cell lines. Nutr Cancer 2013; 64:1103-11. [PMID: 23061912 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2012.717676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Data from literature suggest the possible use of probiotics as chemopreventive agents against colon cancer, but few investigations are available on their effects on gastric cancer proliferation. In our previous study, a specific Lactobacillus, strain L. paracasei IMPC2.1, was demonstrated to colonize the human gut and positively affect fecal bacteria and biochemical parameters. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of L. paracasei IMPC2.1, comparing them with those of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (L.GG), either as viable or heat-killed cells, on cell proliferation and apoptosis in a gastric cancer (HGC-27) and a colorectal cancer cell line (DLD-1). Both the gastric and colon cancer cells were sensitive to the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction by both viable or heat-killed cells from L. paracasei IMPC2.1 and L.GG. These findings suggest the possibility for a food supplement, based on dead probiotics, including L. paracasei IMPC2.1 cells, which could represent an effective component of a functional food strategy for cancer growth inhibition, with potential for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Orlando
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, National Institute for Digestive Diseases I.R.C.C.S. S. de Bellis, Castellana Grotte, Ba, Italy
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Peitsidou K, Karantanos T, Theodoropoulos GE. Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics: is there enough evidence to support their use in colorectal cancer surgery? Dig Surg 2012; 29:426-38. [PMID: 23258276 DOI: 10.1159/000345580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Pro-/pre-/synbiotics supplementation seems to provide beneficial effects in various aspects of abdominal pathology. Skepticism exists with respect to their effects on colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. This review presents the potential clinical applications of pro-/pre-/synbiotics in CRC surgery. METHODS A literature search of electronic databases was conducted and all studies published on 'probiotics', 'prebiotics' and 'synbiotics' were collected. Among them, the ones referring to CRC and which had any clinical relevance offering information on perioperative parameters were used. RESULTS Incorporation of pre-/pro-/synbiotic formulations in the preoperative mechanical bowel preparation cannot be supported by the current evidence. Limited clinical studies may be promising in supporting their potentially protective role against postoperative infectious complications. Encouraging are the results on their protective role against adjuvant (chemo)radiation-induced diarrhea. Such supplementation may also hold promise to improve postcolectomy gastrointestinal related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Despite the positive results and plethora of agents, bacterial combinations and concentrations, the inconsistency in administration, the inhomogeneity of comparison groups and lack of stringent clinical endpoints remain obstacles in the effort to establish a definitive clinical strategy at this time. Further work is warranted to gain a keen understanding of their clinical value in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiriaki Peitsidou
- Colorectal Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Uccello M, Malaguarnera G, Basile F, D'agata V, Malaguarnera M, Bertino G, Vacante M, Drago F, Biondi A. Potential role of probiotics on colorectal cancer prevention. BMC Surg 2012; 12 Suppl 1:S35. [PMID: 23173670 PMCID: PMC3499195 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2482-12-s1-s35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer represents the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. Owing to differences in dietary habits and lifestyle, this neoplasm is more common in industrialized countries than in developing ones. Evidence from a wide range of sources supports the assumption that the link between diet and colorectal cancer may be due to an imbalance of the intestinal microflora. Discussion Probiotic bacteria are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a healthy benefit on the host, and they have been investigated for their protective anti-tumor effects. In vivo and molecular studies have displayed encouraging findings that support a role of probiotics in colorectal cancer prevention. Summary Several mechanisms could explain the preventive action of probiotics against colorectal cancer onset. They include: alteration of the intestinal microflora; inactivation of cancerogenic compounds; competition with putrefactive and pathogenic microbiota; improvement of the host’s immune response; anti-proliferative effects via regulation of apoptosis and cell differentiation; fermentation of undigested food; inhibition of tyrosine kinase signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Uccello
- International PhD programme in Neuropharmacology, University of Catania, Italy
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The effect of new probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum on counts of coliforms, lactobacilli and bacterial enzyme activities in rats exposed to N,N-dimethylhydrazine (chemical carcinogen). ACTA VET BRNO 2012. [DOI: 10.2754/avb201281020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the new probiotic strainLactobacillus plantarumon chemically induced carcinogenesis in rats.Sprague dowleyrats (n = 33) were divided into control and experimental groups and were fed a conventional laboratory diet. In the experimental group, rats were treated with the probiotic at the dose of 1 × 109CFU (colony-forming units)/ml. Two weeks after the beginning of the trial, N,N-dimethylhydrazine (chemical carcinogen) injections were applied s.c. at the dose of 21 mg/kg b.w., 5 × weekly. At the end of the 8-month experimental period, faeces samples were taken from the rats and used for laboratory analysis. The counts of lactobacilli and coliforms and bacterial enzyme activity were determined. The probiotic strainL. plantarumas single species or in combination with oil(Lini oleum virginale)decreased the count of total coliforms and increased lactobacilli in faeces of rats. Application of probiotic microorganisms significantly (P< 0.05) decreased the activities of bacterial enzymes (β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase) compared to the control group rats. The results of this study indicate that probiotic microorganisms could exert a preventive effect on colon carcinogenesis induced by N,N-dimethylhydrazine.
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Do KN, Fink LN, Jensen TE, Gautier L, Parlesak A. TLR2 controls intestinal carcinogen detoxication by CYP1A1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32309. [PMID: 22442665 PMCID: PMC3307708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal cytochrome P450 subclass 1A1 (CYP1A1) contributes to a metabolic “shield” protecting the host from ingested carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The expression of CYP1 (including CYP1A2 and CYP1B1) is considered to depend solely on a heterodimeric transcription factor consisting of the arylhydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and the AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT). So far, no interference has been noted between the regulation of CYP1 and the activation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), which modulates the inflammatory response to bacterial cell wall components in immune cells and enterocytes. Here we report that intestinal CYP1A1 is silenced in TLR2-deficient mice, even when under exposure to the carcinogenic PAH benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). In contrast, hepatic CYP1A1 was moderately induced in TLR2-deficient mice without restoring their ability to clear BaP from systemic circulation, as present in wild-type animals. After feeding of BaP for 21 days, only TLR2−/− mice, but not their wild type littermates developed polyps in the colon. Gene expressions and protein concentrations of AHR and ARNT in the intestine did not differ between the genotypes. In conclusion, the presence of ligands for TLR2 of bacterial origin seems to be crucial for detoxication of luminal carcinogens by CYP1A1 in the intestine. This unprecedented finding indicates a complex interplay between the immune system of the host and intestinal bacteria with detoxication mechanisms. This highlights the relevance of intestinal microbiota when trying to unravel pathways present in mammals and opens new perspectives for research in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa Nguyen Do
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark
- DTU Multiassay Core (DMAC), Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Nielsen Fink
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Laurent Gautier
- DTU Multiassay Core (DMAC), Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alexandr Parlesak
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark
- Metropolitan University College, Global Nutrition and Health, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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Asai Y, Sugita T, Kato R, Okochi M, Nakagawa K, Honda H. Enhancement of the Activity of a Lactobacilli-Aggregating Peptide by Freezing Treatment. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2012. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.12we086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Asai
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University
| | - Tomoya Sugita
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University
| | - Ryuji Kato
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University
| | - Mina Okochi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University
| | - Kyuya Nakagawa
- Department of Mechanical and System Engineering, University of Hyogo
| | - Hiroyuki Honda
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University
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Appleyard CB, Cruz ML, Isidro AA, Arthur JC, Jobin C, De Simone C. Pretreatment with the probiotic VSL#3 delays transition from inflammation to dysplasia in a rat model of colitis-associated cancer. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2011; 301:G1004-13. [PMID: 21903764 PMCID: PMC3233787 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00167.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Evidence supports involvement of microflora in the transition of chronic inflammation to neoplasia. We investigated the protective efficacy of the probiotic VSL#3 in a model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Chronic colitis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS), followed 6 wk later by systemic reactivation. To induce colitis-associated dysplasia and cancer, the animals received TNBS (intravenously) twice a week for 10 wk. One group received VSL#3 in drinking water from 1 wk before colitis induction until death. The colons were examined for damage and presence of dysplasia or cancer. Samples were analyzed for cell proliferation and apoptosis, vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression, angiogenic factors, and presence of alkaline sphingomyelinase or phosphatase. Microbial community composition was evaluated by terminal restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. None of the probiotic-treated animals developed carcinoma, and no high-grade dysplasia was found in either the proximal or mid colon. In contrast, 29% of the animals in the control group developed carcinoma in one or more regions of the colon. VSL#3-treated animals had significantly less damage than the vehicle treated-controls in all areas of the colon, and this correlated with decreased richness and diversity of the mucosally adherent microbiota. Treatment with the probiotic increased the antiangiogenic factor angiostatin, VDR expression, and alkaline sphingomyelinase. We concluded that pretreatment with the probiotic VSL#3 can attenuate various inflammatory-associated parameters, delaying transition to dysplasia and cancer, thus offering its potential therapeutic use in patients with long-standing colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline B. Appleyard
- 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Ponce School of Medicine, Ponce, Puerto Rico;
| | - Myrella L. Cruz
- 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Ponce School of Medicine, Ponce, Puerto Rico;
| | - Angel A. Isidro
- 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Ponce School of Medicine, Ponce, Puerto Rico;
| | - Janelle C. Arthur
- 2Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
| | - Christian Jobin
- 2Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
| | - Claudio De Simone
- 3Department of Experimental Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Park DY, Ahn YT, Huh CS, Jeon SM, Choi MS. The inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 cell extract on the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 Cells. J Med Food 2011; 14:670-5. [PMID: 21554138 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Some probiotics and their cell components are known to modulate lipid metabolism in vitro and/or in vivo. This study was carried out to investigate possible anti-adipogenic action of a probiotic cell extract, Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 cell extract (KY1032-CE), in vitro using 3T3-L1 cells. Lipid regulation in the cell culture system was assessed by AdipoRed assay and Oil red O staining of intracellular lipids and real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis of adipogenesis-related factors. AdipoRed assay revealed that KY1032-CE treatment significantly decreased lipid accumulation in maturing 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Oil red O staining demonstrated that KY1032-CE reduced the number of lipid-containing rounded cells. KY1032-CE down-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of four adipocyte-specific genes: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α, fatty acid synthase, and adipocyte-fatty acid binding protein. Accordingly, these results indicate that KY1032-CE can reduce fat mass by modulating adipogenesis in maturing preadipocytes. Further studies are needed to elucidate its mode of actions in efficacy tests of KY1032-CE in vivo.
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Ma EL, Choi YJ, Choi J, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH, Im E. The anticancer effect of probiotic Bacillus polyfermenticus on human colon cancer cells is mediated through ErbB2 and ErbB3 inhibition. Int J Cancer 2010; 127:780-90. [PMID: 19876926 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A wealth of data implicates that ErbB receptors have essential roles in tumor development. Probiotic bacteria are known to exert an anticancer activity in animal studies. Bacillus polyfermenticus (B.P.), a probiotic bacterium, has been clinically used for a variety of gastrointestinal disorders in East Asia. Here, we investigated the effect of B.P. on the growth of tumors and its putative mechanism of actions. Conditioned medium of B.P. cultures (B.P. CM) inhibited the growth of human colon cancer cells including HT-29, DLD-1 and Caco-2 cells. Moreover, B.P. CM suppressed colony formation of HT-29 cells cultured on soft agar and reduced carcinogen-induced colony formation of normal colonocytes. Furthermore, data from the mouse xenograft model of human colon cancer cells showed reduced tumor size in B.P. CM-injected mice when compared to E. coli conditioned medium-injected mice. Exposure of B.P. CM to HT-29 cells for 24 hr, 48 hr and 2 weeks reduced ErbB2 and ErbB3 protein expression as well as mRNA levels. Moreover, cyclin D1 expression that is required for ErbB-dependent cell transformation was decreased by B.P. CM. Furthermore, transcription factor E2F-1 that regulates cyclin D1 expression was also decreased by B.P. CM. These results show that B.P. inhibits tumor growth and its anticancer activity occurs, at least in part, through suppressing ErbB2 and ErbB3. Taken together, our study suggests that this probiotic may be clinically used as a prophylactic treatment to prevent colon cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise L Ma
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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