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Zheng L, Yu X, Xia Z, Guo Y, Dai Y. The Associations Between Serum Vitamins and Carotenoids with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Results from the NHANES. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:2985-2997. [PMID: 38107596 PMCID: PMC10725645 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s432995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Vitamins and carotenoids are essential in preventing and treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study investigated the associations between serum vitamins, carotenoids, and COPD in adults aged ≥ 40 years in the United States. Methods We selected 3487 participants aged ≥40 from the NHANES (2017-2018) and used demographic analysis, sensitivity tests, and different weighted multivariate regression models to investigate the relationship between serum vitamins, carotenoids, and COPD. Results Subjects in the highest tertile of serum vitamin C, vitamin E (α-tocopherol), α-carotene, trans-β-carotene, and cis-β-carotene had a 50%, 35%, 51%, 54%, and 51% lower risk of COPD than those in the lowest tertile (P for trend: P=0.0005, <0.0001, 0.0054, 0.0066, and 0.0049). Unfortunately, no significant correlation was found for serum vitamin D levels. Conclusion Our analysis of nationally representative data from 3487 participants showed that serum levels of vitamin C, vitamin E (α-tocopherol), α-carotene, and β-carotene were negatively associated with the incidence of COPD in adults over 40 years of age in the US The findings highlighted the importance of antioxidant vitamins and carotenoids in respiratory health, while the data showed no significant correlation between vitamin D (25-OHD) and the incidence of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zheng
- Respiratory Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Yu
- Respiratory Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zehai Xia
- Respiratory Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yehao Guo
- Postgraduate Training Base Department, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifan Dai
- Respiratory Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Salo PM, Mendy A, Wilkerson J, Molsberry SA, Feinstein L, London SJ, Fessler MB, Thorne PS, Zeldin DC. Serum antioxidant vitamins and respiratory morbidity and mortality: a pooled analysis. Respir Res 2022; 23:150. [PMID: 35681205 PMCID: PMC9178544 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02059-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases; however, studies on antioxidant vitamins and respiratory outcomes have been conflicting. We evaluated whether lower serum levels of vitamins A, C, D, and E are associated with respiratory morbidity and mortality in the U.S. adult population. METHODS We conducted a pooled analysis of data from the 1988-1994 and 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (participants aged ≥ 20 years). We estimated covariate-adjusted odds ratios (aOR) per interquartile decrease in each serum vitamin level to quantify associations with respiratory morbidity, and covariate-adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) to quantify associations with respiratory mortality assessed prospectively through 2015. Vitamin supplementation and smoking were evaluated as potential effect modifiers. RESULTS Lower serum vitamin C increased the odds of wheeze among all participants (overall aOR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.16). Among smokers, lower serum α-tocopherol vitamin E increased the odds of wheeze (aOR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.19) and chronic bronchitis/emphysema (aOR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03-1.24). Conversely, lower serum γ-tocopherol vitamin E was associated with lower odds of wheeze and chronic bronchitis/emphysema (overall aORs: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.79-0.92 and 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76-0.95, respectively). Lower serum vitamin C was associated with increased chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD) mortality in all participants (overall aHR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.07-1.51), whereas lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) tended to increase mortality from CLRD and influenza/pneumonia among smokers (aHR range: 1.33-1.75). Mortality from influenza/ pneumonia increased with decreasing serum vitamin A levels in all participants (overall aHR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.99-1.48). In pooled analysis, vitamin C deficiency and 25-OHD insufficiency were associated with mortality from influenza/pneumonia, increasing mortality risk up to twofold. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis of nationally representative data on over 34,000 participants showed that lower serum levels of vitamins A, C, D, and α-tocopherol vitamin E are associated with increased respiratory morbidity and/or mortality in U.S. adults. The results underscore the importance of antioxidant vitamins in respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paivi M Salo
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Angelico Mendy
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | - Stephanie J London
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Michael B Fessler
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Peter S Thorne
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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3
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Allam VSRR, Chellappan DK, Jha NK, Shastri MD, Gupta G, Shukla SD, Singh SK, Sunkara K, Chitranshi N, Gupta V, Wich PR, MacLoughlin R, Oliver BGG, Wernersson S, Pejler G, Dua K. Treatment of chronic airway diseases using nutraceuticals: Mechanistic insight. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7576-7590. [PMID: 33977840 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1915744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases, both acute and chronic, are reported to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, affecting millions of people globally, leading to high socio-economic burden for the society in the recent decades. Chronic inflammation and decline in lung function are the common symptoms of respiratory diseases. The current treatment strategies revolve around using appropriate anti-inflammatory agents and bronchodilators. A range of anti-inflammatory agents and bronchodilators are currently available in the market; however, the usage of such medications is limited due to the potential for various adverse effects. To cope with this issue, researchers have been exploring various novel, alternative therapeutic strategies that are safe and effective to treat respiratory diseases. Several studies have been reported on the possible links between food and food-derived products in combating various chronic inflammatory diseases. Nutraceuticals are examples of such food-derived products which are gaining much interest in terms of its usage for the well-being and better human health. As a consequence, intensive research is currently aimed at identifying novel nutraceuticals, and there is an emerging notion that nutraceuticals can have a positive impact in various respiratory diseases. In this review, we discuss the efficacy of nutraceuticals in altering the various cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in mitigating the symptoms of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Sita Rama Raju Allam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhur D Shastri
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Shakti D Shukla
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sachin K Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Krishna Sunkara
- Emergency Clinical Management, Intensive Care Unit, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter R Wich
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Nanomedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ronan MacLoughlin
- Aerogen, IDA Business Park, Dangan, Galway, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian Gregory George Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sara Wernersson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Leigh-de Rapper S, van Vuuren SF. Odoriferous Therapy: A Review Identifying Essential Oils against Pathogens of the Respiratory Tract. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000062. [PMID: 32207224 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This review explores the body of scientific information available on the antimicrobial properties of essential oils against pathogens responsible for respiratory infections and critically compares this to what is recommended in the Layman's aroma-therapeutic literature. Essential oils are predominantly indicated for the treatment of respiratory infections caused by bacteria or viruses (total 79.0 %), the efficacy of which has not been confirmed through clinical trials. When used in combination, they are often blended for presumed holistic synergistic effects. Of the essential oils recommended, all show some degree of antioxidant activity, 50.0 % demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects and 83.3 % of the essential oils showed antihistaminic activity. Of the essential oils reviewed, 43.8 % are considered non-toxic while the remaining essential oils are considered slightly to moderately toxic (43.7 %) or the toxicity is unknown (12.5 %). Recommendations are made for further research into essential oil combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Leigh-de Rapper
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Sandy F van Vuuren
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
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5
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Fruit and Vegetable Intake and the Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3783481. [PMID: 32219131 PMCID: PMC7057001 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3783481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Object. Results on the associations of fruit and vegetable intake with risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are still in conflict. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the association between fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of COPD.
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6
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Kim T, Choi H, Kim J. Association Between Dietary Nutrient Intake and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Severity: A Nationwide Population-Based Representative Sample. COPD 2019; 17:49-58. [PMID: 31833439 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2019.1698530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Several nutrients have been suggested to protect against airway destruction via antioxidant activity. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between disease severity and dietary nutrient intake in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Of the 22,948 participants, 702 patients (418 men and 284 women) with COPD, who were defined as the fifth percentile from a reference population were selected. The severity of airflow limitation was measured by the predicted percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%). The Jonckheere-Terpstra test was used to evaluate the dose-dependent association between nutrient intake and disease severity. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between dietary nutrient intake and predicted FEV1%. Vitamin A intake showed a positive association with FEV1% in men in a model adjusted for covariates. Carbohydrate, protein, fiber, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C intake were significantly associated with decreased disease severity in elderly men (aged ≥60 years). On the contrary, statistical significance was not observed for all the nutrients in women. In conclusion, intake of carbohydrate, protein, fiber, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C was associated with decreased severity of airway impairment in elderly men with COPD. Our results are in line with those of previous studies into the importance of nutritional status in airway disease. A longitudinal study is required to clarify the mechanisms underlying the association between dietary nutrient intake and COPD severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyun Kim
- Department of Pulmonology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyunji Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jehun Kim
- Department of Pulmonology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
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7
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Antioxidants as Adjuvants in Periodontitis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9187978. [PMID: 31428231 PMCID: PMC6679881 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9187978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of antioxidants as an adjuvant in periodontitis treatment. The following databases were consulted: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Lilacs, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar. Based on the PICO strategy, the inclusion criteria comprised interventional studies including periodontitis patients (participants) treated with conventional therapy and antioxidants (intervention) compared to patients treated only with conventional therapy (control) where the periodontal response (outcome) was evaluated. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane RoB tool (for randomized studies) and ROBINS-I tool (for nonrandomized studies). Quantitative data were analyzed in five random effects meta-analyses considering the following periodontal parameters: clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and probing depth (PD). After all, the level of certainty was measured with the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. Among the 1884 studies identified, only 15 interventional studies were according to the eligibility criteria and they were included in our review. From them, 4 articles presented a high risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed a statistically significant difference for CAL (SMD 0.29 (0.04, 0.55), p = 0.03, I 2 = 13%), PI (SMD 0.41 (0.18, 0.64), p = 0.0005, I 2 = 47%), and BOP (SMD 0.55 (0.27, 0.83), p = 0.0001, I 2 = 0%). The GRADE tool showed a moderate to high certainty in the quality of evidence depending on the clinical parameter and antioxidants used. These results suggest that the use of antioxidants is an adjunct approach to nonsurgical periodontal therapy which may be helpful in controlling the periodontal status.
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8
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Kaluza J, Harris HR, Linden A, Wolk A. Long-term consumption of fruits and vegetables and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective cohort study of women. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 47:1897-1909. [PMID: 30239739 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fruits and vegetables, due to high antioxidant capacity, may protect the lung from oxidative damage caused by tobacco smoke and potentially prevent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Only one study based on baseline diet has examined fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to risk of COPD, and no previous studies have examined long-term diet. Methods We investigated whether long-term fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with COPD incidence among 34 739 women (age 48-83 years) in the population-based prospective Swedish Mammography Cohort. Fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed twice (1987, 1997) with a self-administered questionnaire. Cases of COPD were identified by linkage to the Swedish health register. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results During follow-up from 2002 to 2014, 1512 women were diagnosed with COPD. Long-term fruit was associated with lower risk of COPD; women in the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption (≥2.5 vs <0.8 servings/day) had a 37% lower risk of COPD (95% CI: 25-48%; P-trend < 0.0001). No association was observed with long-term vegetable intake. Current and ex-smokers with low long-term consumption of fruits (<1 serving/day) in comparison to never smokers with high consumption (≥3 servings/day) had a 38-fold (HR: 38.1; 95% CI: 20.2-71.7) and 13-fold (HR: 12.5, 95% CI: 6.5-24.1) higher risk of COPD, respectively. However, no significant interaction between smoking status and fruit intake in relation to COPD incidence was observed (P-interaction = 0.95). Conclusions In this prospective cohort of middle-age and older women, long-term consumption of fruits but not vegetables was inversely associated with COPD incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kaluza
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171-77 Stockholm, Sweden.,Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Human Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Holly R Harris
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anders Linden
- Unit for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171-77 Stockholm, Sweden.,Lung Allergy Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171-77 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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9
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Samoli E, Dimakopoulou K, Evangelopoulos D, Rodopoulou S, Karakatsani A, Veneti L, Sionidou M, Tsolakoglou I, Krasanaki I, Grivas G, Papakosta D, Katsouyanni K. Is daily exposure to ozone associated with respiratory morbidity and lung function in a representative sample of schoolchildren? Results from a panel study in Greece. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2017; 27:346-351. [PMID: 27189255 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2016.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous time series or panel studies of asthmatics have reported respiratory health effects following short-term exposure to ozone (O3). We followed 186 children aged 10 years old in Athens and Thessaloniki, Greece for 5 weeks during the academic year 2013-2014 and recorded daily their respiratory symptoms, absenteeism and peak expiratory flow (PEF). We applied mixed models controlling for various possible confounders to investigate the daily associations between O3 exposure - derived from weekly personal and fixed school site measurements calibrated using daily values of the fixed monitoring site nearest to the child's school location - and PEF, presence of any symptom, cough and stuffy nose, as well as absenteeism. We tested the robustness of our findings to varying modeling assumptions and confounders and investigated effect modification patterns by medication use, time spent outdoors and prevalence of asthma. A 10 μg/m3 increase in O3 personal exposure was associated with increased odds of any symptom (odds ratio (OR): 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98, 1.44), largely attributed to the increase in the odds of stuffy nose (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.51). PEF and absenteeism were not related to O3 exposure. Our results were robust to several sensitivity analyses. Effects were modified by medication use as presence of symptoms but also decreases in PEF were mainly reported among non-users, while our effect estimates were not driven by the asthmatic subgroup of children. Our findings indicate that short-term O3 exposure may be associated with respiratory symptoms extending previously reported results for asthmatics to the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Dimakopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Evangelopoulos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Rodopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Karakatsani
- 2nd Pulmonary Department, "ATTIKON" University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lambrini Veneti
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Sionidou
- Pulmonary Department, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsolakoglou
- Pulmonary Department, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioanna Krasanaki
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Grivas
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Papakosta
- Pulmonary Department, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Department of Primary Care & Public Health Sciences and Environmental Research Group, King's College, London
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10
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Assayag M, Goldstein S, Samuni A, Berkman N. Cyclic nitroxide radicals attenuate inflammation and Hyper-responsiveness in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 87:148-56. [PMID: 26119784 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects of stable cyclic nitroxide radicals have been extensively investigated both in vivo and in vitro demonstrating anti-inflammatory, radioprotective, anti-mutagenic, age-retardant, hypotensive, anti-cancer and anti-teratogenic activities. Yet, these stable radicals have not been evaluated in asthma and other airway inflammatory disorders. The present study investigated the effect of 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl (TPL) and 3-carbamoyl-proxyl (3-CP) in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma. Both 3-CP and TPL were non-toxic when administered either orally (1% w/w nitroxide-containing chow) or via intraperitoneal (IP) injection (∼300 mg/kg). Feeding the mice orally demonstrated that 3-CP was more effective than TPL in reducing inflammatory cell recruitment into the airway and in suppressing airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in OVA-challenged mice. To characterize the optimal time-window of intervention and mode of drug administration, 3-CP was given orally during allergen sensitization, during allergen challenge or during both sensitization and challenge stages, and via IP injection or intranasal instillation for 3 days during the challenge period. 3-CP given via all modes of delivery markedly inhibited OVA-induced airway inflammation, expression of cytokines, AHR and protein nitration of the lung tissue. Oral administration during the entire experiment was the most efficient delivery of 3-CP and was more effective than dexamethasone a potent corticosteroid used for asthma treatment. Under a similar administration regimen (IP injection before the OVA challenge), the effect of 3-CP was similar to that of dexamethasone and even greater on AHR and protein nitration. The protective effect of the nitroxides, which preferentially react with free radicals, in suppressing the increase of main asthmatic inflammatory markers substantiate the key role played by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the molecular mechanism of asthma. The present results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of nitroxides for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Assayag
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Sara Goldstein
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
| | - Amram Samuni
- Institute of Medical Research, Israel-Canada Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Neville Berkman
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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11
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Meyer M, Jaspers I. Respiratory protease/antiprotease balance determines susceptibility to viral infection and can be modified by nutritional antioxidants. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 308:L1189-201. [PMID: 25888573 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00028.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The respiratory epithelium functions as a central orchestrator to initiate and organize responses to inhaled stimuli. Proteases and antiproteases are secreted from the respiratory epithelium and are involved in respiratory homeostasis. Modifications to the protease/antiprotease balance can lead to the development of lung diseases such as emphysema or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Furthermore, altered protease/antiprotease balance, in favor for increased protease activity, is associated with increased susceptibility to respiratory viral infections such as influenza virus. However, nutritional antioxidants induce antiprotease expression/secretion and decrease protease expression/activity, to protect against viral infection. As such, this review will elucidate the impact of this balance in the context of respiratory viral infection and lung disease, to further highlight the role epithelial cell-derived proteases and antiproteases contribute to respiratory immune function. Furthermore, this review will offer the use of nutritional antioxidants as possible therapeutics to boost respiratory mucosal responses and/or protect against infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Meyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ilona Jaspers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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12
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Berthon BS, Wood LG. Nutrition and respiratory health--feature review. Nutrients 2015; 7:1618-43. [PMID: 25751820 PMCID: PMC4377870 DOI: 10.3390/nu7031618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet and nutrition may be important modifiable risk factors for the development, progression and management of obstructive lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This review examines the relationship between dietary patterns, nutrient intake and weight status in obstructive lung diseases, at different life stages, from in-utero influences through childhood and into adulthood. In vitro and animal studies suggest important roles for various nutrients, some of which are supported by epidemiological studies. However, few well-designed human intervention trials are available to definitively assess the efficacy of different approaches to nutritional management of respiratory diseases. Evidence for the impact of higher intakes of fruit and vegetables is amongst the strongest, yet other dietary nutrients and dietary patterns require evidence from human clinical studies before conclusions can be made about their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn S Berthon
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Level 2, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
| | - Lisa G Wood
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Level 2, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
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Cho Y, Chung HK, Kim SS, Shin MJ. Dietary patterns and pulmonary function in Korean women: findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2011. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 74:177-83. [PMID: 25290855 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated the association between dietary patterns and pulmonary functions in Korean women older than 40 years. This study analyzed the data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV and V (2007-2010). In total, 7615 women were included in the analysis. Using principal component analysis, two dietary patterns were identified, namely a balanced diet pattern (vegetables, fish, meat, seaweed, and mushrooms) and a refined diet (snacks, bread, milk, dairy products, and fast food). The refined diet pattern was positively associated with energy from fat but negatively associated with vitamin A, β-carotene, niacin, and fiber. After adjusting for potential confounders, the refined diet pattern was negatively associated with levels of predicted forced vital capacity (odds ratio (OR): 0.84, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.70, 0.99) and predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (OR: 0.79, 95% CIs: 0.66, 0.93). In conclusion, the refined diet pattern was associated with decreased pulmonary function in Korean women. This information may be useful toward the development of nutritional guidelines for improving pulmonary function in Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsu Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul 136-703, Republic of Korea; Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 136-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Chung
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Sup Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 136-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul 136-703, Republic of Korea; Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 136-703, Republic of Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 152-703, Republic of Korea.
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Okubo H, Shaheen SO, Ntani G, Jameson KA, Syddall HE, Sayer AA, Dennison EM, Cooper C, Robinson SM. Processed meat consumption and lung function: modification by antioxidants and smoking. Eur Respir J 2013; 43:972-82. [PMID: 24176995 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00109513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Unhealthy dietary patterns are associated with poor lung function. It is not known whether this is due to low consumption of antioxidant-rich fruit and vegetables, or is a consequence of higher intakes of harmful dietary constituents, such as processed meat. We examined the individual and combined associations of processed meat, fruit and vegetable consumption and dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) with lung function among 1551 males and 1391 females in the UK in the Hertfordshire Cohort Study. Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. After controlling for confounders, processed meat consumption was negatively associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC ratio in males and females, while fruit and vegetable consumption and dietary TAC were positively associated with FEV1 and FVC, but not FEV1/FVC ratio. In males, the negative association between processed meat consumption and FEV1 was more marked in those who had low fruit and vegetable consumption (p=0.035 for interaction), and low dietary TAC (p=0.025 for interaction). The deficit in FEV1/FVC associated with processed meat consumption was larger in males who smoked (p=0.022 for interaction). Higher processed meat consumption is associated with poorer lung function, especially in males who have lower fruit and vegetable consumption or dietary TAC, and among current smokers.
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Sevin CM, Newcomb DC, Toki S, Han W, Sherrill TP, Boswell MG, Zhu Z, Collins RD, Boyd KL, Goleniewska K, Huckabee MM, Blackwell TS, Peebles RS. Deficiency of gp91phox inhibits allergic airway inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013; 49:396-402. [PMID: 23590311 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0442oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, a multienzyme complex, is the major source for production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are increased in allergic diseases, such as asthma, but the role of ROS in disease pathogenesis remains uncertain. We hypothesized that mice unable to generate ROS via the NADPH oxidase pathway would have decreased allergic airway inflammation. To test this hypothesis, we studied gp91phox(-/-) mice in a model of allergic airway inflammation after sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin. Serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lungs were then examined for evidence of allergic inflammation. We found that mice lacking a functional NADPH oxidase complex had significantly decreased ROS production and allergic airway inflammation, compared with wild-type (WT) control animals. To determine the mechanism by which allergic inflammation was inhibited by gp91phox deficiency, we cultured bone marrow-derived dendritic cells from WT and gp91phox(-/-) mice and activated them with LPS. IL-12 expression was significantly increased in the gp91phox(-/-) bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, suggesting that the cytokine profile produced in the absence of gp91phox enhanced the conditions leading to T helper (Th) type 1 differentiation, while inhibiting Th2 polarization. Splenocytes from sensitized gp91phox(-/-) animals produced significantly less IL-13 in response to ovalbumin challenge in vitro compared with splenocytes from sensitized WT mice, suggesting that NADPH oxidase promotes allergic sensitization. In contrast, inflammatory cytokines produced by T cells cultured from WT and gp91phox(-/-) mice under Th0, Th1, Th2, and Th17 conditions were not significantly different. This study demonstrates the importance of NADPH oxidase activity and ROS production in a murine model of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla M Sevin
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232-2650, USA.
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Amaral CT, Pontes NN, Maciel BLL, Bezerra HSM, Triesta ANAB, Jeronimo SMB, McGowan SE, Dantas VM. Vitamin A deficiency alters airway resistance in children with acute upper respiratory infection. Pediatr Pulmonol 2013; 48:481-9. [PMID: 22833544 PMCID: PMC7167945 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.22621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether vitamin A deficiency alters the recovery of total respiratory resistance (TRR) following acute upper respiratory tract infection (URI). METHODS This is a case control study of children, age 4-6 years and grouped as: URI, (n = 74), URI and wheezing, (URI-wheezing, n = 52), and healthy controls (n = 51). Vitamin A and total respiratory resistance (TRR) were assessed using the modified relative dose response (MRDR) and forced oscillometry, respectively. RESULTS Children with URI and URI-wheezing had lower retinol, 32.4 ± 13.12 and 18.3 ± 6.83 µg/dl respectively, compared to controls, 56.9 ± 29.82 µg/dl (ANOVA, P < 0.001). The MRDR was elevated in children in the URI or URI-wheezing groups 0.066 ± 0.045 and 0.021 ± 0.021, respectively, compared to controls 0.007 ± 0.006 (ANOVA, P < 0.0001). The TRR in the URI and URI-wheezing groups differed from controls. During convalescence, the TRR failed to decline in the URI-group only when the MRDR was >0.06. In the URI-wheezing group, TRR declined independently of retinol and MRDR. CONCLUSION Vitamin A contributes to preservation of airway function during and in recovery after upper respiratory infection in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleia T Amaral
- Heriberto Bezerra Pediatric Hospital, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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17
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Anacardic acids from cashew nuts ameliorate lung damage induced by exposure to diesel exhaust particles in mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:549879. [PMID: 23533495 PMCID: PMC3600199 DOI: 10.1155/2013/549879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Anacardic acids from cashew nut shell liquid, a Brazilian natural substance, have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and modulate immune responses and angiogenesis. As inflammatory lung diseases have been correlated to environmental pollutants exposure and no reports addressing the effects of dietary supplementation with anacardic acids on lung inflammation in vivo have been evidenced, we investigated the effects of supplementation with anacardic acids in a model of diesel exhaust particle- (DEP-) induced lung inflammation. BALB/c mice received an intranasal instillation of 50 μg of DEP for 20 days. Ten days prior to DEP instillation, animals were pretreated orally with 50, 150, or 250 mg/kg of anacardic acids or vehicle (100 μL of cashew nut oil) for 30 days. The biomarkers of inflammatory and antioxidant responses in the alveolar parenchyma, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and pulmonary vessels were investigated. All doses of anacardic acids ameliorated antioxidant enzyme activities and decreased vascular adhesion molecule in vessels. Animals that received 50 mg/kg of anacardic acids showed decreased levels of neutrophils and tumor necrosis factor in the lungs and BALF, respectively. In summary, we demonstrated that AAs supplementation has a potential protective role on oxidative and inflammatory mechanisms in the lungs.
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Gontijo-Amaral C, Guimarães EV, Camargos P. Oral magnesium supplementation in children with cystic fibrosis improves clinical and functional variables: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 96:50-6. [PMID: 22648717 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.034207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium is one of the most important minerals in the body. Although some studies reported that patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) lack magnesium, no international study has assessed the importance of oral magnesium supplementation in CF patients. OBJECTIVE We prospectively investigated the long-term effect of oral magnesium supplementation on respiratory muscle strength by using manuvacuometry and the Shwachman-Kulczycki (SK) score among children and adolescents with CF. DESIGN This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study included 44 CF patients (aged 7-19 y; 20 males) who were randomly assigned to receive magnesium (n = 22; 300 mg/d) or placebo (n = 22) for 8 wk with a 4-wk washout period between trials. All patients were undergoing conventional treatment of CF. The experimental protocol included clinical evaluation, assessment of urinary concentration of magnesium, and manuvacuometric measurements [maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP)]. MIP was the primary outcome. RESULTS Urinary magnesium increased after the administration of magnesium (change: 36.38 mg/d after magnesium compared with 0.72 mg/d after placebo; P < 0.001). Moreover, MIP and MEP significantly improved only after magnesium administration (change in MIP: 11% predicted after magnesium compared with 0.5% predicted after placebo; change in MEP: 11.9% predicted after magnesium compared with 0.8% predicted after placebo; P < 0.001 for both). Magnesium administration had a beneficial effect on clinical variables assessed by the SK score (change: 4.48 points after magnesium compared with -1.30 points after placebo; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Oral magnesium supplementation helped improve both the SK score and respiratory muscle strength in pediatric patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clésio Gontijo-Amaral
- Pediatrics Department, Diagnostic Support Action and Research Center (NUPAD), Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Ivanišević J, Kotur-Stevuljević J, Stefanović A, Jelić-Ivanović Z, Spasić S, Videnović-Ivanov J, Vučinić-Mihailović V, Ilić J. Dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in sarcoidosis patients. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:677-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Tsiligianni IG, van der Molen T. A systematic review of the role of vitamin insufficiencies and supplementation in COPD. Respir Res 2010; 11:171. [PMID: 21134250 PMCID: PMC3016352 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-11-171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary inflammation, oxidants-antioxidants imbalance, as well as innate and adaptive immunity have been proposed as playing a key role in the development of COPD. The role of vitamins, as assessed either by food frequency questionnaires or measured in serum levels, have been reported to improve pulmonary function, reduce exacerbations and improve symptoms. Vitamin supplements have therefore been proposed to be a potentially useful additive to COPD therapy. METHODS A systematic literature review was performed on the association of vitamins and COPD. The role of vitamin supplements in COPD was then evaluated. CONCLUSIONS The results of this review showed that various vitamins (vitamin C, D, E, A, beta and alpha carotene) are associated with improvement in features of COPD such as symptoms, exacerbations and pulmonary function. High vitamin intake would probably reduce the annual decline of FEV1. There were no studies that showed benefit from vitamin supplementation in improved symptoms, decreased hospitalization or pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna G Tsiligianni
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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21
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Wang L, Green FHY, Smiley-Jewell SM, Pinkerton KE. Susceptibility of the aging lung to environmental injury. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 31:539-53. [PMID: 20941655 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1265895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
With an ever-increasing number of elderly individuals in the world, a better understanding of the issues associated with aging and the environment is needed. The respiratory system is one of the primary interfaces between the body and the external environment. An expanding number of studies suggest that the aging pulmonary system (>65 years) is at increased risk for adverse health effects from environmental insult, such as by air pollutants, infection, and climate change. However, the mechanism(s) for increased susceptibility in this subpopulation are not well understood. In this review, we provide a limited but comprehensive overview of how the lung ages, examples of environmental exposures associated with injury to the aging lung, and potential mechanisms underlying the increased vulnerability of the aging lung to injury from environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
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22
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Swindle EJ, Collins JE, Davies DE. Breakdown in epithelial barrier function in patients with asthma: identification of novel therapeutic approaches. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 124:23-34; quiz 35-6. [PMID: 19560576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The bronchial epithelium is pivotally involved in the provision of chemical, physical, and immunologic barriers to the inhaled environment. These barriers serve to maintain normal homeostasis, but when compromised, the immunologic barrier becomes activated to protect the internal milieu of the lung. We discuss what is currently understood about abnormalities in these barrier functions in patients with asthma and consider novel therapeutic opportunities that target this key structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Swindle
- Division of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
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23
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Mas E. Nutrition et pathologies respiratoires chroniques. Arch Pediatr 2009; 16:609-10. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(09)74085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Reddy SP. The antioxidant response element and oxidative stress modifiers in airway diseases. Curr Mol Med 2008; 8:376-83. [PMID: 18691064 DOI: 10.2174/156652408785160925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Redox balance is particularly important in the airways because they are the first points of contact with environmental pollutants such as ozone, particles, and cigarette smoke, as well as pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. However, an imbalance between toxicant-induced reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species and the antioxidant defense system leads to oxidative stress, which has been implicated in the development and/or perpetuation of airway diseases, including malignancy. Various antioxidant enzymes and proteins are critical to maintaining the reducing environment of the cell and preventing the damage to various biomolecules that is elicited by ROS/RNS. Emerging evidence indicates that transcriptional activation of the antioxidant response element (ARE) plays a crucial role in modulating oxidative stress and providing cytoprotection against prooxidant stimuli. This review focuses on the regulation and functional roles of key effectors that bind to the ARE and differentially (up- or down-) regulate gene expression in lung tissue/cell types in response to respiratory toxicants. It also provides a perspective on whether boosting ARE-mediated gene expression with dietary plants and synthetic plant products will offer a better therapeutic strategy for mitigating oxidative stress and respiratory pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekhar P Reddy
- The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences/Division of Physiology, Rm. E7547, 615 N.Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Ciencewicki J, Trivedi S, Kleeberger SR. Oxidants and the pathogenesis of lung diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 122:456-68; quiz 469-70. [PMID: 18774381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Revised: 08/05/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The increasing number of population-based and epidemiologic associations between oxidant pollutant exposures and cardiopulmonary disease exacerbation, decrements in pulmonary function, and mortality underscores the important detrimental effects of oxidants on public health. Because inhaled oxidants initiate a number of pathologic processes, including inflammation of the airways, which may contribute to the pathogenesis and/or exacerbation of airways disease, it is critical to understand the mechanisms through which exogenous and endogenous oxidants interact with molecules in the cells, tissues, and epithelial lining fluid of the lung. Furthermore, it is clear that interindividual variation in response to a given exposure also exists across an individual lifetime. Because of the potential impact that oxidant exposures may have on reproductive outcomes and infant, child, and adult health, identification of the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may influence susceptibility to oxidants remains an important issue. In this review, we discuss mechanisms of oxidant stress in the lung, the role of oxidants in lung disease pathogenesis and exacerbation (eg, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and acute respiratory distress syndrome), and the potential risk factors (eg, age, genetics) for enhanced susceptibility to oxidant-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ciencewicki
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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Fayon M, Chiron R, Abely M. Mesure de l’inflammation pulmonaire dans la mucoviscidose. Rev Mal Respir 2008; 25:705-24. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(08)73800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Takaoka M, Norback D. Diet among Japanese female university students and asthmatic symptoms, infections, pollen and furry pet allergy. Respir Med 2008; 102:1045-54. [PMID: 18356034 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2008.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Revised: 12/04/2007] [Accepted: 01/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study associations between diet, respiratory symptoms and allergy among female university students in Japan. METHODS A standardised questionnaire was distributed to students in Kobe and Kamakura (N=153). Multiple logistic/linear regression was applied, controlling for age, smoking, heredity and diet. RESULTS Totally 15.7% reported doctor-diagnosed asthma, 3.3% current asthma medication, 56.9% pollen allergy, 15.7% cat allergy, 11.1% dog allergy, 25.0% wheeze, 24.2% daytime and 9.3% nocturnal attacks of breathlessness. Meat consumption was related to wheeze (OR=2.00; 95% CI 1.12-3.60) and respiratory infections (OR=2.10; 95% CI 1.08-4.09). Fish consumption was related to less respiratory infections (OR=0.49; 95% CI 9.28-0.86), seafood to less pollen allergy (OR=0.66; 95% CI 0.44-0.99), and milk consumption to less daytime breathlessness (OR=0.72; 95% CI 0.55-0.95). Fast food consumption was related to wheeze (OR=1.89; 95% CI 1.23-2.91), daytime breathlessness (OR=1.50; 95% CI 1.00-2.28) and pollen allergy (OR=1.69; 95% CI 1.07-2.65). In total, 23.0% used butter, 21.7% margarine, 40.1% olive oil and 55.3% rapeseed oil. Those consuming butter (OR=2.65; 95% CI 1.11-6.32) and rapeseed oil (OR=2.35; 95% CI 1.03-5.38) had more wheeze. Those consuming margarine had more nocturnal breathlessness (OR=4.40; 95% CI 1.42-13.7). An asthma symptom score was related to fast food (p<0.05) and margarine consumption (p<0.01). Factor analysis identified five dietary patterns. A pattern including fast food, juice and soft drinks was related to wheeze and respiratory infections. CONCLUSION Fish, seafood and milk consumption seems to be beneficial, while butter, margarine, rapeseed oil, fast food and soft drinks could be risk factors for allergy and respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takaoka
- Department of Biosphere Sciences, School of Human Sciences, Kobe College, Kobe, Japan.
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Schneider AP, Stein RT, Fritscher CC. The role of breastfeeding, diet and nutritional status in the development of asthma and atopy. J Bras Pneumol 2008; 33:454-62. [PMID: 17982539 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37132007000400016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2006] [Accepted: 11/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In many populations, the prevalence of asthma and atopy has increased in recent years. As a result, both conditions have become major public health problems. The possible influence of nutrition-related factors has been demonstrated in an increasing number of studies. Information regarding the role of breastfeeding, diet, nutritional status (obesity in particular), as well as regarding the immunologic responses triggered, helps to improve our understanding of the correlation between oxidative stress, bronchial inflammation, and the development of atopic and asthma symptoms. The article presents a review of the published literature on the relationships established between and among nutrition, asthma, and atopy over the last two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Petter Schneider
- Nutrição, Centro Universitário Metodista do Instituto Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Abstract
The respiratory system exists in an oxygenated milieu and is recurrently exposed to both endogenous and exogenous oxidants and irritants. A variety of dietary-dependent defenses have evolved to protect the lungs. These comprise vitamins, proteins, polyphenols, fatty acids and co-factors. This is a brief review of oxidant sources and the antioxidant system, as pertains to the respiratory system. The challenge to both clinicians and investigators is to understand how defenses are integrated and coordinated so that enhanced protection can be delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry C Lands
- McGill University and Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital-McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.
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30
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Campbell SJ. Nutritional considerations for animals with pulmonary disease. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2007; 37:989-1006, viii. [PMID: 17693211 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2007.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent publications in the human and veterinary literature have indicated that patients with pulmonary disease require specific nutritional consideration to ensure that optimal benefit is derived with nutrition support. Although additional research is needed in this area, preliminary recommendations can be made using information from the scant studies performed thus far in veterinary medicine and from information extrapolated from the human literature. These recommendations are likely to provide significant clinical benefit to patients with pulmonary disease. This article aims to provide the reader with a summary of the available information and links to other relevant sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J Campbell
- WALTHAM UCVMC-SD Clinical Nutrition Program, University of California Veterinary Medical Center-San Diego, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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31
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Varraso R, Fung TT, Barr RG, Hu FB, Willett W, Camargo CA. Prospective study of dietary patterns and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among US women. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 86:488-95. [PMID: 17684223 PMCID: PMC2643338 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/86.2.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many foods and nutrients are associated with lung function or symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the relation between overall diet and newly diagnosed COPD is not known. OBJECTIVE We assessed the relation between dietary patterns and newly diagnosed COPD in women. DESIGN Data were collected from a large prospective cohort of US women (Nurses' Health Study). Between 1984 and 2000, 754 self-reported confirmed cases of newly diagnosed COPD were identified among 72 043 women. With the use of principal component analysis, 2 dietary patterns were identified: a prudent pattern (fruit, vegetables, fish, whole-grain products) and a Western pattern (refined grains, cured and red meats, desserts, French fries). Patterns were categorized into quintiles, and the risk of COPD was compared between quintiles (lowest as reference) with the use of Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS After adjustments for 14 potential confounders, the prudent pattern was negatively associated with risk of newly diagnosed COPD [relative risk (RR) for highest compared with lowest quintile: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.98; P for trend = 0.02] whereas the Western pattern was positively associated with risk of COPD (RR for highest compared with lowest quintile: 1.31; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.82; P for trend = 0.02). In contrast with findings for COPD, dietary patterns were not associated with the risk of adult-onset asthma. CONCLUSION In women, a negative association was found between a diet rich in fruit, vegetables, and fish and the risk of COPD, whereas a positive association was found between a diet rich in refined grains, cured and red meats, desserts, and French fries and the risk of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Varraso
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Chen C, Arjomandi M, Tager I, Holland N, Balmes J. Effects of antioxidant enzyme polymorphisms on ozone-induced lung function changes. Eur Respir J 2007; 30:677-83. [PMID: 17652311 PMCID: PMC3282174 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00160806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to ozone (O(3)) can cause changes in lung function that may reflect remodelling of small airways. It is likely that antioxidant enzyme function affects susceptibility to O(3). The aim of the present study was to determine whether polymorphisms in antioxidant enzyme (GSTM1, GSTP1 and NQO1) genes affect the risk of lung function changes related to chronic exposure to O(3). In total, 210 young adults who participated in a previous study, which showed a relationship between lifetime exposure to O(3) and decreased lung function, were genotyped. Multivariable linear regression was used to model sex-specific associations between genotypes and O(3)-related lung function changes, adjusting for height, weight, lifetime exposure to nitrogen dioxide and particles with a 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameter of 10 mum, and self-identified race/ethnicity. The GSTM1-null/NQO1 Pro187Pro-combination genotype was significantly associated with increased risk of an O(3)-related decrease in mean forced expiratory flow between 25-75% of forced vital capacity in females (parameter estimate+/-se -75+/-35 mL.s(-1)), while the GSTP1 Val105 variant genotypes were significantly associated with greater risk of an O(3)-related decrease in mean forced expiratory flow at 75% of forced vital capacity in males (-81+/-31 mL.s(-1)). GSTM1-null status was not significantly associated with any O(3)-related changes in lung function in either sex. The current authors conclude that the effects of antioxidant enzyme gene polymorphisms on the risk of decreased lung function related to chronic exposure to ozone may be modified by sex-specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Chen
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley
| | - M. Arjomandi
- Lung Biology Center, Dept of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - I.B. Tager
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley
| | - N. Holland
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley
| | - J.R. Balmes
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley
- Lung Biology Center, Dept of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) typically follows a more severe clinical course than non-CF bronchiectasis. Despite this recognized difference, the underpinnings of respiratory biology support a common pathogeneses of the anatomic deformations of bronchiectasis. This article reviews the observed manifestations among the related diseases of bronchiectasis and CF and discusses some of their similarities and differences. As more details of the mechanisms of bronchiectasis are unveiled, more parallels among the seemingly disparate causes of CF and non-CF bronchiectasis are recognized. With these insights, more opportunities to halt the vicious circle have become apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Morrissey
- Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3400, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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Burns JS, Dockery DW, Neas LM, Schwartz J, Coull BA, Raizenne M, Speizer FE. Low dietary nutrient intakes and respiratory health in adolescents. Chest 2007; 132:238-45. [PMID: 17475634 DOI: 10.1378/chest.07-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have indicated that a diet rich in fruit, antioxidants, and n-3 fatty acids may contribute to optimal respiratory health. We investigated whether low dietary nutrient intakes were associated with lower pulmonary function and higher reporting of respiratory symptoms in adolescents. METHODS We examined the association of dietary factors (fruit, vegetables, vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, retinol, n-3 fatty acids) with respiratory health in a cohort of 2,112 twelfth-grade students in 13 communities in the United States and Canada during the 1998 to 1999 school year. We assessed the associations between dietary factors and pulmonary function with linear mixed models, and respiratory symptoms with logistic regression using a generalized estimating equation adjusted for individual and group-level covariates. RESULTS Low dietary fruit intake was associated with lower FEV(1) (- 1.3% of predicted; 95% confidence interval [CI], - 2.4 to - 0.2% of predicted), and increased odds of chronic bronchitic symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 1.36; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.73) compared with higher intake. Low dietary n-3 fatty acids intake was associated with increased odds of chronic bronchitic symptoms (OR, 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05 to 1.81), wheeze (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.69), and asthma (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.18 to 2.39) compared with higher intake. Smokers with lower dietary vitamin C intake had higher ORs of respiratory symptoms compared with smokers who had higher intake. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with the lowest dietary intakes of antioxidant and antiinflammatory micronutrients had lower pulmonary function and increased respiratory symptoms, especially among smokers, suggesting that adequate dietary intake may promote respiratory health and lessen the effects of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane S Burns
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Abstract
Animal models of cystic fibrosis (CF) are powerful tools that enable the study of the mechanisms and complexities of human disease. Murine models have several intrinsic advantages compared with other animal models, including lower cost, maintenance, and rapid reproduction rate. Mice can be easily genetically manipulated by making transgenic or knockout mice, or by backcrossing to well-defined inbred strains in a reasonably short period of time. However, anatomic and immunologic differences between mice and humans mean that murine models have inherent limitations that must be considered when interpreting the results obtained from experimental models and applying these to the pathogenesis of CF disease in humans. This review will focus on the different CF mouse models available that represent diverse phenotypes observed in humans with CF and that can help researchers elucidate the diverse functions of the CFTR protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Guilbault
- McGill Centre for the Study of Host Resistance, McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Index of Subjects. Proc Nutr Soc 2005. [DOI: 10.1017/s002966510500710x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Index of Authors. Proc Nutr Soc 2005. [DOI: 10.1017/s0029665105007093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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