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Vieira CED, Costa PG, Caldas SS, Tesser ME, Risso WE, Escarrone ALV, Primel EG, Bianchini A, Dos Reis Martinez CB. An integrated approach in subtropical agro-ecosystems: Active biomonitoring, environmental contaminants, bioaccumulation, and multiple biomarkers in fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:508-524. [PMID: 30802666 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic contamination in agricultural areas is a global problem, characterized by a complex mixture of organic and inorganic pollutants whose effects on biota are unpredictable and poorly investigated. In this context, in the present study, the Neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus was confined in situ for 120 days in two sites with different levels of anthropic impact: 1) a fish hatchery station, within the State University of Londrina (reference site - REF) and 2) an agro-ecosystem area in one of the most productive regions of southern Brazil (experimental site - EXP). We evaluated multiple biomarkers at different levels of biological organization, such as biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes, oxidative damages, DNA damages and liver histopathology. We also evaluated the occurrence of 22 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 6 trace metals in water and sediment; and 33 current-use pesticides (CUPs) in the water; besides the presence of OCPs in the liver and metals in different tissues of the confined fish. The chemical analysis confirmed that the two environments presented different levels of contamination. We verified a distribution gradient of data in the principal component analysis (PCA), separating the REF fish to one side and the fish at the agricultural area (EXP) to the other side. In general, the biomarker responses were more altered in fish from the EXP than fish from the hatchery station; and this fish presented a greater accumulation of endosulfan (an increase of 18× compared to basal value) and showed oxidative, genetic, and histological damage. Through the Biomarkers Response Index (BRI), we found that the EXP fish demonstrated a decrease in health status compared with the REF fish during the confinement time, due to their exposure to a higher concentration of contaminants. In conclusion, the use of multiple biomarkers at different response levels is an important tool for environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Delfino Vieira
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Gomes Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, km8, s/n, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sergiane Souza Caldas
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, km 8, s/n, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Tesser
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Wagner Ezequiel Risso
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Laura Venquiaruti Escarrone
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, km8, s/n, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ednei Gilberto Primel
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, km 8, s/n, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, km8, s/n, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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Albuquerque AF, Ribeiro JS, Kummrow F, Nogueira AJA, Montagner CC, Umbuzeiro GA. Pesticides in Brazilian freshwaters: a critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2016; 18:779-87. [PMID: 27367607 DOI: 10.1039/c6em00268d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of pesticides in agriculture can lead to water contamination and cause adverse effects on non-target organisms. Brazil has been the world's top pesticide market consumer since 2008, with 381 approved pesticides for crop use. This study provides a comprehensive literature review on the occurrence of pesticide residues in Brazilian freshwaters. We searched for information in official agency records and peer-reviewed scientific literature. Risk quotients were calculated to assess the potential risk posed to aquatic life by the individual pesticides based on their levels of water contamination. Studies about the occurrence of pesticides in freshwaters in Brazil are scarce and concentrated in few sampling sites in 5 of the 27 states. Herbicides (21) accounted for the majority of the substances investigated, followed by fungicides (11), insecticides (10) and plant growth regulators (1). Insecticides are the class of major concern. Brazil would benefit from the implementation of a nationwide pesticide freshwater monitoring program to support preventive, remediation and enforcement actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Albuquerque
- School of Technology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - J S Ribeiro
- School of Technology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - F Kummrow
- School of Technology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil. and Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A J A Nogueira
- School of Technology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil. and Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C C Montagner
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G A Umbuzeiro
- School of Technology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Xia GF, Fang XY, Wang YR, Yang XY. Determination of Herbicides in Corn Flour by Novel Extraction and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1197233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Feng Xia
- Key Lab of Nature Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu-Yuan Fang
- Key Lab of Nature Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ru Wang
- Key Lab of Nature Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yun Yang
- Key Lab of Nature Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Paulino MG, Benze TP, Sadauskas-Henrique H, Sakuragui MM, Fernandes JB, Fernandes MN. The impact of organochlorines and metals on wild fish living in a tropical hydroelectric reservoir: bioaccumulation and histopathological biomarkers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 497-498:293-306. [PMID: 25137379 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the contaminants in water and their bioaccumulation in the gills and liver of two ecologically distinct fish species, Astyanax fasciatus and Pimelodus maculatus, living in the reservoir of the Furnas hydroelectric power station located in Minas Gerais in the southeastern Brazil. The histological alterations in these organs are also examined. Water and fish were collected in June and December from five sites (site 1: FU10, site 2: FU20, site 3: FU30, site 4: FU40 and site 5: FU50) in the reservoir, and agrochemicals and metals selected based on their use in the field crops surrounding the reservoir were analyzed in the water and in the fish gills and livers. The concentrations of the organochlorines aldrin/dieldrin, endosulfan and heptachlor/heptachlor epoxide as well as the metals copper, chromium, iron and zinc in the gills and livers of both fish species were higher in June than in December; the liver accumulated higher concentrations of contaminants than the gills. The organochlorine metolachlor was detected only in the liver. The histological pattern of changes was similar in both species with regard to contaminant accumulation in the gills and liver. Fish from FU10, the least contaminated site, exhibited normal gill structure and moderate to heavy liver damage. Fish collected at FU20 to FU50, which were contaminated with organochlorines and metals, showed slight to moderate gill damage in June and irreparable liver damage in the livers in June and December. The histological changes in the gills and liver were suitable to distinguishing contaminated field sites and are therefore useful biomarkers for environmental contamination representing a biological end-point of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gustavo Paulino
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayrine Paschoaletti Benze
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helen Sadauskas-Henrique
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marise Margareth Sakuragui
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Batista Fernandes
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marisa Narciso Fernandes
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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