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De Castro BD, Lanés LEK, Godoy RS, Maltchik L, Oliveira GT. Development stage-dependent oxidative stress responses to the exposure to roundup original© in a neotropical annual killifish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:103976. [PMID: 36100139 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides are the most commonly applied pesticides in Brazil, specifically those based on glyphosate, and are used for different crops, near the habitats of annual killifish. Annual killifish presents a short life cycle with generally restricted geographic distribution. In this context, we evaluated the effect of the Roundup Original© (65, 130 and 260 µg. L-1 of glyphosate) herbicide on different development stages (adult-young and senile) of the annual killifish (Cynopoecilus sp.). We quantified the oxidative balance markers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, lipid peroxidation levels, and total proteins). We observed that the senile individuals presented 2-fold higher lipid peroxidation levels associated with the maintenance of superoxide dismutase and catalase activity levels even after exposure to the herbicide. However, senile subjects were negatively impacted by the exposure to formulations containing glyphosate, and this was related to a loss of glutathione S-transferase activity. Our research demonstrated that the established physiological markers and this species look promising for toxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Dutra De Castro
- PUCRS, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, School of Health and Life Sciences, Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Robson Souza Godoy
- UNISINOS, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Centro de Ciências, Programa de Pós-Graduação de Biologia, Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Maltchik
- FURG, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rectory, Pro-Rectory of Research and Graduate Studies, University of Rio Grande Foundation, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Guendalina Turcato Oliveira
- PUCRS, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, School of Health and Life Sciences, Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Protogynous functional hermaphroditism in the North American annual killifish, Millerichthys robustus. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9230. [PMID: 35654924 PMCID: PMC9163151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex change (sequential hermaphroditism) has evolved repeatedly in teleost fishes when demographic conditions mediate fundamentally different sex-specific returns for individuals of particular age and size. We investigated the conditions for potential sex change in an annual killifish (Millerichthys robustus) from temporary pools in Mexico. In natural populations, we detected adults with intersex colouration and gonads. Therefore, we experimentally tested whether this apparent sex change can be generated by manipulation of ecological and social conditions, rather than being caused by environmental disturbance. We demonstrated functional protogynous (female-to-male) sex change in 60% replicates, when groups of five females interacted and had a visual and olfactory cue of a male. Only one female changed sex in any given replicate. The sex change never occurred in isolated females. Protandrous (male-to-female) hermaphroditism was not recorded. We characterized gradual changes in behaviour, colouration and gonad structure during the sex change process. The first behavioural signs of sex change were observed after 23 days. Secondary males spawned successfully after 75 days. We discuss the adaptive potential of sex change in short-lived annual fishes through the seasonal decline of males, and during colonization of new habitats. This is the first observation of functional hermaphroditism in an annual killifish.
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Godoy RS, Weber V, Lanés LEK, Reichard M, Gemelli T, Hohendorff RV, Maltchik L. Recognizing the enemy: do predator cues influence hatching in Neotropical annual killifish? JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:1476-1484. [PMID: 34287870 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Annual fish species have evolved complex adaptations to survive in temporary wetlands. The main adaptation of these fish is the ability to produce embryos that survive dry periods. Embryo development of this fish can show variation at multiple levels influenced by many environmental factors, such as photoperiod and temperature. Predator cues are another factor that can influence the embryonic stage. One way in which annual fish could adapt to predators is by using risk-spreading strategies (through bet-hedging). Nonetheless, this strategy depends on the coevolutionary history between predators and preys and on the degree of environmental unpredictability, resulting in different responses across different species. This study investigated the influence of predator cues on the embryonic development and hatching of two Austrolebias species that inhabit ponds that present differences in hydroperiod and the risk of predator presence. The results confirmed a differentiated response between the two annual fish species tested, corroborating the modulation of hatching against the risk of predation by native predatory fish. The authors further showed that development times varied between the two annual fish species, regardless of the presence of predators. They highlight that the variation in embryonic development is strongly affected by different levels of hydroperiod unpredictability faced by the two species. To unravel finer-scale local adaptations in the annual fish embryo development, future studies should focus on a region with greater spatial gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson S Godoy
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems, UNISINOS University, São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Weber
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems, UNISINOS University, São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Luis Esteban Krause Lanés
- Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Martin Reichard
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tanise Gemelli
- Nutrition and Food, UNISINOS University, São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Maltchik
- Postgraduate Program in Biology of Continental Aquatic Environments, Federal University of Rio Grande, FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
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de Castro BD, Wingen NMDA, Dos Santos SHD, Godoy RS, Maltchik L, Lanés LEK, Oliveira GT. Biomarkers of oxidative stress in the post-embryonic characterization of the neotropical annual killifish. Biogerontology 2021; 22:507-530. [PMID: 34302586 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-021-09931-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Annual killifish are among the most remarkable extremophile species with the shortest vertebrate life span. Few studies have reported on the oxidative balance throughout their life cycle and its association to the natural aging process of these neotropical animals in a natural environment. We standardized and analyzed physiological markers related to the redox balance of the annual killifish (Cynopoecilus fulgens) throughout the post-embryonic life cycle (enzyme activity of Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione Peroxidase, and Glutathione S-transferase, as well as the determination of the levels of Lipoperoxidation, Carbonylated Proteins, and Total Proteins). We tested the influence of environmental variables on these biomarkers. Individuals were collected, including juveniles, adults, and seniles, in three sampling units around the Parque Nacional da Lagoa do Peixe, located in the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul. We observed that males and females used different physiological strategies of their redox balance during their life cycle, and their oxidative balance was influenced by their reproductive period and environmental variables (water temperature, abundance of predators, abundance of another sympatric annual killifish species, and abundance of C. fulgens). The population of each temporary pond presented different physiological responses to the adaptation of their life cycle, and there was an influence of environmental component as a modulator of this cycle. Our study offers reference values that will be useful for comparison in future research with short-lived organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Dutra de Castro
- Conservation Physiology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Robson Souza Godoy
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems, Health Sciences Center, UNISINOS, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Maltchik
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems, Health Sciences Center, UNISINOS, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luis Esteban Krause Lanés
- Conservation Physiology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guendalina Turcato Oliveira
- Conservation Physiology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Morphophysiological Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Ipiranga Avenue, 6681 Pd. 12, Block C, class 270, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil.
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Oxidative stress resistance in a short-lived Neotropical annual killifish. Biogerontology 2019; 21:217-229. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-019-09855-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Age-associated liver alterations in wild populations of Austrolebias minuano, a short-lived Neotropical annual killifish. Biogerontology 2019; 20:687-698. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-019-09822-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Assumpção CM, Quintela FM, Corrêa F, Loebmann D. The ichthyofauna of limnic systems in Quaternary deposits of extreme southern Brazil. Zookeys 2017:85-104. [PMID: 28174498 PMCID: PMC5270744 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.638.9199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Quaternary in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), southern Brazil, is geologically represented by the coastal plain and was originated by successive events of Pleistocene-Holocene marine transgressions and the occurrence of alluvial deposits. This paper aimed to characterize the fish assemblage occurring in a swampy Quaternary area adjacent to Lagoa Pequena, a lacustrine system connected to the west margin of the Laguna dos Patos estuary. A checklist is also provided of the ichthyofauna so far recorded in limnic systems of Quaternary deposits in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. A total of 42 species was recorded, distributed in nine orders, 18 families and 31 genera. Characidae and Cichlidae were the most representative families, comprising 15 and 4 species respectively. A bibliographic revision associated to our sample data revealed the occurrence of 156 species in limnic systems inserted in RS Quaternary deposits (114 limnic, 15 marine/estuarine/limnic, ten marine/estuarine, nine estuarine/limnic and eight marine). Characiformes and Siluriformes are the most diverse orders, corroborating the Neotropical pattern. Seven species can be considered endemic to RS Quaternary deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy M Assumpção
- Laboratorio de Vertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Av. Itália km 8, Vila Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. CEP: 96203-900
| | - Fernando M Quintela
- Laboratorio de Vertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Av. Itália km 8, Vila Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. CEP: 96203-900
| | - Fabiano Corrêa
- Laboratorio de Vertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Av. Itália km 8, Vila Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. CEP: 96203-900
| | - Daniel Loebmann
- Laboratorio de Vertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Av. Itália km 8, Vila Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. CEP: 96203-900
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Dias TS, Stein RJ, Fialho CB. Ontogenetic variations and feeding habits of a Neotropical annual fish from southern Brazil. IHERINGIA. SERIE ZOOLOGIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2017020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Knowing the feeding biology of a population and its ontogenetic aspects can help in understanding the functioning of fish assemblages, essential to the conservation of the habitat biodiversity in which these species are found. Annual fishes complete their life cycle in temporary aquatic environments, existing in adult stage only for brief annual periods. Changes in the feeding habits between different size classes could indicate that a species belongs to different feeding groups in different growth phases. The aim of this work was to characterize the diet of Cynopoecilus fulgens Costa, 2002 in a temporary flooded area in the coastal plain of southern Brazil, taking into consideration possible alterations in feeding habits in different body size classes caused by ontogenetic changes, to explain the coexistence of these individuals in a short space of time. The diet analysis indicated that C. fulgens is a generalist, consuming small crustaceans and autochthonous insects. Intraspecific differences in diet were determined when compared between nine classes of standard length. Adults fed mainly on autochthonous insects, and juveniles ingested mostly crustaceans, with the population being separated into two trophic groups: invertivores and invertivores with a tendency towards zooplanktivory. It is possible to conclude that the ontogenetic changes in the diet of C. fulgens are related to morphological restrictions due to the size of the individuals, since feeding competitive relations are probably not so evident.
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Lanés LEK, Godoy RS, Maltchik L, Polačik M, Blažek R, Vrtílek M, Reichard M. Seasonal dynamics in community structure, abundance, body size and sex ratio in two species of Neotropical annual fishes. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2016; 89:2345-2364. [PMID: 27607142 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Seven ephemeral pools on the coastal plain of southern Brazil were found to be inhabited by three annual and 22 non-annual fish species. Two common annual species (Austrolebias minuano and Cynopoecilus fulgens) exhibited clear seasonal dynamics, with the appearance of young fishes in the austral autumn (May to June) and a decline in abundance over the seasonal cycle. The third annual species, Austrolebias wolterstorffii, was rare. No seasonal dynamics were observed in non-annual fishes. The relative abundance of non-annual fishes compared with annual fishes increased over the seasonal cycle, but they coexisted widely. The size structure of annual fishes suggested the presence of a single age cohort in most pools though a second age cohort was registered in one pool in August, coinciding with a large flooding. Strong sexual dimorphism in body size was found in C. fulgens throughout the seasonal cycle, while no sexual dimorphism in body size was found in A. minuano. Female-biased sex ratios were recorded in both common annual fish species in the last three sampling dates (in spring), but not during the first two sampling dates (in winter). The natural lifespan of annual fishes was <8 months. Annual fishes disappeared before habitat desiccation in half of the pools, while non-annual fishes were still present.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E K Lanés
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos-LECEA, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos-UNISINOS, Bairro Cristo Rei, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Instituto Pró-Pampa-IPPAMPA, Bairro Centro, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R S Godoy
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos-LECEA, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos-UNISINOS, Bairro Cristo Rei, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - L Maltchik
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos-LECEA, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos-UNISINOS, Bairro Cristo Rei, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M Polačik
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - R Blažek
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Vrtílek
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Reichard
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic.
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