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Erdayandi GE, Yilmaz O, Kerimoglu G, Sahin E, Dogan SY. Can intra-articular daidzein injection reduce oxidative damage and early osteoarthritis in a rabbit temporomandibular joint model? BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1193. [PMID: 39379866 PMCID: PMC11460211 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative damage and inflammatory cytokines in osteoarthritis (OA) exacerbate the disease course. Daidzein (DZ) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study evaluated the early histopathological effects of intra-articular daidzein injection on experimentally induced osteoarthritis in rabbit TMJs. METHODS The predictor variable was intra-articular injection of DZ or a saline control. 50 µl of 3 mg/mL MIA solution was injected into the right TMJ of 16 New Zealand rabbits to induce experimental OA. One rabbit was sacrificed after 4 weeks to confirm the formation of the OA model and the OA model was obtained. The remaining 15 rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: an experimental group (9 rabbits) and a control group (6 rabbits). On days 1, 7, 14, and 21; 50 µl of saline solution was applied to the right TMJ of the control group and 50 µl daidzein solution (1.8 mg/ml) was applied to the right TMJ to the experimental group. After one week from the date of the last injection, the rabbits were sacrificed, and histopathological and biochemical evaluations were performed. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to evaluate whether the variables in the study conformed to normal distribution. Mean ± SD (standard deviation) or median (interquartile range (IQR)) was used to show the descriptive statistics of the variables. T-test and Mann Whitney U test were used to compare the control and experimental groups for biochemical changes. The chi-square test was used to show the distribution of histopathological changes variables obtained within the scope of the study based on control and experimental groups. A P-value < 0.05 was considered significant for all evaluations. RESULTS There were 8 and 6 animate treated with DZ and saline, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in articular cartilage (p = 0.3), osteochondral junction (p = 0.3), subchondral bone structure (p = 1.0) or chondrocyte appearance (p = 0.4). The experimental group showed significantly lower mean values for Total Oxidant Status (TOS) (p = 0.002) and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) (p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS An intra-articular DZ injection appears to show limited reduction of oxidative damage and early OA in the rabbit TMJ. DZ might represent a promising natural compound with beneficial effects in the management of TMJ-OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokce Elif Erdayandi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Onur Yilmaz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Gokcen Kerimoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Elif Sahin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sedanur Yilmaz Dogan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
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Liu G, Li D, Mai H, Lin X, Lu X, Chen K, Wang R, Riaz M, Tian J, Liang C. GmSTOP1-3 regulates flavonoid synthesis to reduce ROS accumulation and enhance aluminum tolerance in soybean. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 480:136074. [PMID: 39383698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 10/04/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a significant limiting factor for crop production in acid soils. The functions and regulatory mechanisms of transcription factor STOP1 (Sensitive to Proton Rhizotoxicity 1) family genes in Al-tolerance have been widely studied in many plant species, except for soybean. Here, expression of GmSTOP1-3 was significantly enhanced by Al stress in soybean roots. Overexpression of GmSTOP1-3 resulted in enhanced root elongation and decreased Al content, which was accompanied by increased antioxidant capacity under Al treatment. Furthermore, RNA-seq identified 498 downstream genes of GmSTOP1-3, including genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. Among them, the expression of chalcone synthase (GmCHS) and isoflavone synthase (GmIFS) were highly enhanced by GmSTOP1-3 overexpression. Further quantitative flavonoid metabolome analysis showed that overexpression of GmSTOP1-3 significantly increased the content of naringenin chalcone, naringenin, and genistein in soybean roots under Al treatment, which positively correlated with the expression level of the genes relative to flavonoid biosynthesis. Notably, genistein had a significant positive correlation with the expression levels of GmIFS. Combination of Dual Luciferase Complementation (LUC) and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays (EMSA) revealed that GmSTOP1-3 directly bound to the promoters of GmCHS/GmIFS and activated both genes' transcription. Taken together, these results suggest that GmSTOP1-3 enhances soybean Al tolerance partially through regulating the flavonoid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxuan Liu
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Dongqian Li
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Huafu Mai
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Xiaoying Lin
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Xing Lu
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Kang Chen
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Ruotong Wang
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, PR China.
| | - Jiang Tian
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Cuiyue Liang
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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Atoki AV, Aja PM, Shinkafi TS, Ondari EN, Awuchi CG. Naringenin: its chemistry and roles in neuroprotection. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:637-666. [PMID: 37585716 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2243089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
According to epidemiological research, as the population ages, neurological illnesses are becoming a bigger issue. Despite improvements in the treatment of these diseases, there are still widespread worries about how to find a long-lasting remedy. Several neurological diseases can be successfully treated with natural substances. As a result, current research has been concentrated on finding effective neuroprotective drugs with improved efficacy and fewer side effects. Naringenin is one potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Many citrus fruits, tomatoes, bergamots, and other fruits are rich in naringenin, a flavonoid. This phytochemical is linked to a variety of biological functions. Naringenin has attracted a lot of interest for its ability to exhibit neuroprotection through several mechanisms. In the current article, we present evidence from the literature that naringenin reduces neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in brain tissues. Also, the literatures that are currently accessible shows that naringenin reduces neuroinflammation and other neurological anomalies. Additionally, we found several studies that touted naringenin as a promising anti-amyloidogenic, antidepressant, and neurotrophic treatment option. This review's major goal is to reflect on advancements in knowledge of the molecular processes that underlie naringenin's possible neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, this article also provides highlights of Naringenin with respect to its chemistry and pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Maduabuchi Aja
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Erick Nyakundi Ondari
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya
| | - Chinaza Godswill Awuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
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Liccardo M, Sapio L, Perrella S, Sirangelo I, Iannuzzi C. Genistein Prevents Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress Induced by Methylglyoxal in Endothelial Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:1712. [PMID: 38675531 PMCID: PMC11052514 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycolytic overload promotes accumulation of the highly reactive dicarbonyl compounds, resulting in harmful conditions called dicarbonyl stress. Methylglyoxal (MG) is a highly reactive dicarbonyl species and its accumulation plays a crucial pathophysiological role in diabetes and its vascular complications. MG cytotoxicity is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, a key event underlying the intracellular signaling pathways leading to inflammation and apoptosis. The identification of compounds able to inhibit ROS signaling pathways and counteract the MG-induced toxicity is a crucial step for developing new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of diabetic vascular complications. In this study, the effect of genistein, a natural soybean isoflavone, has been evaluated on MG-induced cytotoxicity in human endothelial cells. Our results show that genistein is able to counteract the MG-induced apoptosis by restraining ROS production, thus inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathways and caspase-3 activation. These findings identify a beneficial role for genistein, providing new insights for its potential clinical applications in preserving endothelial function in diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ivana Sirangelo
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.L.); (L.S.); (S.P.); (C.I.)
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Kim JM, Seo JS, Lee JW, Lyu JI, Ryu J, Eom SH, Ha BK, Kwon SJ. QTL mapping reveals key factors related to the isoflavone contents and agronomic traits of soybean (Glycine max). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:517. [PMID: 37880577 PMCID: PMC10601131 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean is a valuable source of edible protein and oil, as well as secondary metabolites that can be used in food products, cosmetics, and medicines. However, because soybean isoflavone content is a quantitative trait influenced by polygenes and environmental interactions, its genetic basis remains unclear. RESULTS This study was conducted to identify causal quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with soybean isoflavone contents. A mutant-based F2 population (190 individuals) was created by crossing the Korean cultivar Hwanggeum with low isoflavone contents (1,558 µg g-1) and the soybean mutant DB-088 with high isoflavone contents (6,393 µg g-1). A linkage map (3,049 cM) with an average chromosome length of 152 cM was constructed using the 180K AXIOM® SoyaSNP array. Thirteen QTLs related to agronomic traits were mapped to chromosomes 2, 3, 11, 13, 19, and 20, whereas 29 QTLs associated with isoflavone contents were mapped to chromosomes 1, 3, 8, 11, 14, 15, and 17. Notably, the qMGLI11, qMGNI11, qADZI11, and qTI11, which located Gm11_9877690 to Gm11_9955924 interval on chromosome 11, contributed to the high isoflavone contents and explained 11.9% to 20.1% of the phenotypic variation. This QTL region included four candidate genes, encoding β-glucosidases 13, 14, 17-1, and 17-2. We observed significant differences in the expression levels of these genes at various seed developmental stages. Candidate genes within the causal QTLs were functionally characterized based on enriched GO terms and KEGG pathways, as well as the results of a co-expression network analysis. A correlation analysis indicated that certain agronomic traits (e.g., days to flowering, days to maturity, and plant height) are positively correlated with isoflavone content. CONCLUSIONS Herein, we reported that the major QTL associated with isoflavone contents was located in the interval from Gm11_9877690 to Gm11_9955924 (78 kb) on chromosome 11. Four β-glucosidase genes were identified that may be involved in high isoflavone contents of soybean DB-088. Thus, the mutant alleles from soybean DB-088 may be useful for marker-assisted selection in developing soybean lines with high isoflavone contents and superior agronomic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Su Seo
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Il Lyu
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaihyunk Ryu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Eom
- Department of Smart Farm Science, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Keun Ha
- Department of Applied Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soon-Jae Kwon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea.
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Rzepkowska M, Głowacka DK, Szczepkowski M, Fajkowska M. Hepatotoxic effect of dietary phytoestrogens on juvenile cultured Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 261:106639. [PMID: 37515925 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, much controversy has grown over the use of soybean products in aquafeeds, especially for carnivorous fish like sturgeons. One point of discussion is the effect of soybean phytoestrogens on fish health. There are many aspects of phytoestrogen utilization in aquafeeds, therefore, the aim of this study is to verify if common legume phytoestrogens can affect juvenile cultured sturgeon erythrocyte and hepatocyte genotoxicity and cause liver pathology. Russian sturgeons were fed from 100 till 365 dph1 with daidzein, genistein, and coumestrol supplemented diets in concentrations: 10, 0.05 and 0.001 g kg-1 of feed, respectively. The SCGE2 method combined with qPCR of three genes involved in DNA repair and genome maintenance, namely cyp1a1, gaad45a and p53 were analyzed. The results were compared with histopathological evaluation of liver tissue. In fish fed with coumestrol supplemented diet, DNA strand damage was the highest in both erythrocytes and hepatocytes, however, simultaneously the lowest level of oxidative DNA damage was found. Additionally, slightly elevated expression of the p53 gene was observed along with a decreased number of apoptotic hepatocytes, which suggests that low concentration of coumestrol may support DNA repair mechanisms in the liver. Although, daidzein showed a preventive effect only against fibrosis. Isoflavones did not show a significant effect on DNA damage in studied cells. Genistein was found to increase macro- and microvesicular steatosis, portal hepatitis and fibrosis, indicating its negative role in the development of liver injuries. Daidzein alleviated some sturgeon liver damage, especially macrovesicular steatosis and interface hepatitis. However, it increased hepatocyte apoptosis, which may suggest daidzein potentially inducing liver injury, though not manifested by other histopathological lesions. Therefore, it can be concluded that at given concentrations, the tested phytoestrogens did not show clearly hepatoprotective effect in sturgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Rzepkowska
- Department of Ichthyology and Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 8 Ciszewskiego Street, Warsaw 02-786, Poland.
| | - Dominika Kinga Głowacka
- Department of Ichthyology and Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 8 Ciszewskiego Street, Warsaw 02-786, Poland
| | - Mirosław Szczepkowski
- Department of Sturgeon Fish Breeding, National Inland Fisheries Research Institute in Olsztyn, Pieczarki 50, Pozezdrze 11-610, Poland
| | - Magdalena Fajkowska
- Department of Ichthyology and Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 8 Ciszewskiego Street, Warsaw 02-786, Poland
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Langa S, Peirotén Á, Curiel JA, de la Bastida AR, Landete JM. Isoflavone Metabolism by Lactic Acid Bacteria and Its Application in the Development of Fermented Soy Food with Beneficial Effects on Human Health. Foods 2023; 12:1293. [PMID: 36981219 PMCID: PMC10048179 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoflavones are phenolic compounds (considered as phytoestrogens) with estrogenic and antioxidant function, which are highly beneficial for human health, especially in the aged population. However, isoflavones in foods are not bioavailable and, therefore, have low biological activity. Additionally, their transformation into bioactive compounds by microorganisms is necessary to obtain bioavailable isoflavones with beneficial effects on human health. Many lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can transform the methylated and glycosylated forms of isoflavones naturally present in foods into more bioavailable aglycones, such as daidzein, genistein and glycitein. In addition, certain LAB strains are capable of transforming isoflavone aglycones into compounds with a greater biological activity, such as dihydrodaidzein (DHD), O-desmethylangolensin (O-DMA), dihydrogenistein (DHG) and 6-hydroxy-O-desmethylangolensin (6-OH-O-DMA). Moreover, Lactococcus garviae 20-92 is able to produce equol. Another strategy in the bioconversion of isoflavones is the heterologous expression of genes from Slackia isoflavoniconvertens DSM22006, which have allowed the production of DHD, DHG, equol and 5-hydroxy-equol in high concentrations by engineered LAB strains. Accordingly, the consequences of isoflavone metabolism by LAB and its application in the development of foods enriched in bioactive isoflavones, as well as health benefits attributed to their consumption, will be addressed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - José María Landete
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Soy Extract, Rich in Hydroxylated Isoflavones, Exhibits Antidiabetic Properties In Vitro and in Drosophila melanogaster In Vivo. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061392. [PMID: 36986122 PMCID: PMC10054920 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of the growing prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), control of postprandial hyperglycemia is crucial for its prevention. Blood glucose levels are determined by various factors including carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, the incretin system and glucose transporters. Furthermore, inflammatory markers are recognized predictors of diabetes outcome. Although there is some evidence that isoflavones may exhibit anti-diabetic properties, little is known about to what extent their corresponding hydroxylated metabolites may affect glucose metabolism. We evaluated the ability of a soy extract before (pre-) and after (post-) fermentation to counteract hyperglycemia in vitro and in Drosophila melanogaster in vivo. Fermentation with Aspergillus sp. JCM22299 led to an enrichment of hydroxy-isoflavones (HI), including 8-hydroxygenistein, 8-hydroxyglycitein and 8-hydroxydaidzein, accompanied by an enhanced free radical scavenging activity. This HI-rich extract demonstrated inhibitory activity towards α-glucosidase and a reduction of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme activity. Both the pre- and post-fermented extracts significantly inhibited the glucose transport via sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1. Furthermore, the soy extracts reduced c-reactive protein mRNA and secreted protein levels in interleukin-stimulated Hep B3 cells. Finally, supplementation of a high-starch D. melanogaster diet with post-fermented HI-rich extract decreased the triacylglyceride content of female fruit flies, confirming its anti-diabetic properties in an in vivo model.
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E X, Shao D, Li M, Shi S, Xiao Y. Supplemental dietary genistein improves the laying performance and antioxidant capacity of Hy-Line brown hens during the late laying period. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102573. [PMID: 36989857 PMCID: PMC10070936 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effects of 3 supplemental levels of dietary genistein ingested during the late laying period (66-73 wk) of laying hens. A total of 384 Hy-Line brown hens (66 wk old) were randomly divided into 4 groups (6 replicates of 16 hens in each group), the basal diet group (CON), and groups for the basal diet supplemented with 80, 120, and 400 mg/kg of genistein, G1, G2, and G3, respectively. The results of the present study showed an increased laying rate in groups G2 and G3 (linear, P < 0.01), and decreased feed-egg ratios (linear, P < 0.05) and broken egg rate (P < 0.01) in all genistein-treated groups compared with the CON group. Moreover, the G2 group showed an increase in eggshell strength and ratio (linear, P < 0.05), whereas all genistein-treated groups saw a decrease in the L* value (linear, P < 0.01) and an increase in the a* value (linear, P < 0.05) compared with the CON group. Additionally, all genistein-treated groups had an increase in the total antioxidant capacity of plasma (linear, P < 0.05), along with reduced plasma, ovarian, and yolk malondialdehyde levels (linear, P < 0.05), compared with the CON group. The G2 group had an increase in both the superoxide dismutase activity of plasma (P < 0.01) and the total antioxidant capacity of the ovaries (linear, P < 0.05), compared with the CON group. The G3 group had an increase in both the glutathione peroxidase concentration of plasma (linear, P < 0.05) and the total antioxidant capacity of the ovaries (linear, P < 0.01), compared with the CON group. The transcript levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, superoxide dismutase 1, and catalase were increased in all of the genistein-treated groups (P < 0.05) compared with the CON group, whereas heme oxygenase 1 and glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit were increased only in the G2 group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation with 120 mg/kg dietary genistein had the best effect on improving the laying rate, eggshell quality, and antioxidant capacity in Hy-Line brown hens during the late laying period.
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Qin H, Wu H, Shen K, Liu Y, Li M, Wang H, Qiao Z, Mu Z. Fermented Minor Grain Foods: Classification, Functional Components, and Probiotic Potential. Foods 2022; 11:3155. [PMID: 37430904 PMCID: PMC9601907 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented minor grain (MG) foods often have unique nutritional value and functional characteristics, which are important for developing dietary culture worldwide. As a kind of special raw material in fermented food, minor grains have special functional components, such as trace elements, dietary fiber, and polyphenols. Fermented MG foods have excellent nutrients, phytochemicals, and bioactive compounds and are consumed as a rich source of probiotic microbes. Thus, the purpose of this review is to introduce the latest progress in research related to the fermentation products of MGs. Specific discussion is focused on the classification of fermented MG foods and their nutritional and health implications, including studies of microbial diversity, functional components, and probiotic potential. Furthermore, this review discusses how mixed fermentation of grain mixtures is a better method for developing new functional foods to increase the nutritional value of meals based on cereals and legumes in terms of dietary protein and micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Qin
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Houbin Wu
- Shennong Technology Group Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Ke Shen
- Shennong Technology Group Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Yilin Liu
- Shennong Technology Group Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Meng Li
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Haigang Wang
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Zhijun Qiao
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Zhixin Mu
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China
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Rhamnocitrin Attenuates Ovarian Fibrosis in Rats with Letrozole-Induced Experimental Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5558599. [PMID: 35663203 PMCID: PMC9162838 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5558599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine-related cause of infertility in women and has an unknown etiology. Studies have shown that rhamnocitrin (Rha) exhibits positive effects on the reproductive system. This study investigated Rha's antifibrotic effects on PCOS rats and revealed its underlying mechanisms. Female SD rats were randomized into 4 groups (n = 8, each); the control group received tea oil by intraperitoneal injection and 1% w/v CMC by oral gavage; the PCOS group received letrozole (1 mg/kg); the PCOS+Rha group received letrozole and Rha (5 mg/kg); the PCOS+Met group received letrozole and Met (265 mg/kg) for 21 days. At the study end, Rha treatment restored letrozole-induced alterations in the relative ovarian weights, body weight, and relative weights of uterine and visceral adipose tissues. Histological observation showed that Rha ameliorates ovarian structure and fibrosis in PCOS. Administration of Rha reduced letrozole-induced metabolic dysfunction by ameliorating the levels of TC, TG, and HDL-C in the PCOS rats. Rha treatment also modulated the serum levels of sex hormones, which decreased T, E2, and LH and increased FSH in PCOS rats. In addition, Rha treatment modulated insulin resistance and increased gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (Cat, Sod2, Gpx3, Mgst1, Prdx3, Gsta4, Gsr, and Sod1) in the ovaries of the PCOS rats. Finally, Rha treatment appeared to increase the activity of PPAR-γ and inhibit the TGF-β1/Smad pathway in the ovaries of the PCOS rats. Our findings suggest that Rha significantly ameliorated metabolic disturbances and ovarian fibrosis in the PCOS rats. Rha perhaps is an effective compound for preventing ovarian fibrosis in the future.
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He H, Peng S, Song X, Jia R, Zou Y, Li L, Yin Z. Protective effect of isoflavones and triterpenoid saponins from pueraria lobata on liver diseases: A review. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:272-285. [PMID: 35035928 PMCID: PMC8751448 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standard and the change of diet structure, liver disease and its related complications have become a significant public health problem globally. Pueraria lobata (Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Sanjappa & Pradeep) belongs to the genus Pueraria, which is widely planted and used as medicine and food in Asia with a long history. A variety of natural active products, including puerarin, daidzein, formononetin, genistein, and soyasaponin, have been isolated and identified from pueraria lobata. A large number of studies have shown that various natural active products of pueraria lobata can play a protective role in different types of liver diseases by regulating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, etc. In this review, we focused on the protective effects of isoflavones and triterpenoid saponins from pueraria lobata on the liver through different targeted therapeutic mechanisms. What's more, we summarized their therapeutic potential for different types of liver diseases to provide evidence for their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng He
- Natural Medicine Research CenterCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shuwei Peng
- Natural Medicine Research CenterCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research CenterCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Renyong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research CenterCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lixia Li
- Natural Medicine Research CenterCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research CenterCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
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13
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Xia H. Extensive metabolism of flavonoids relevant to their potential efficacy on Alzheimer's disease. Drug Metab Rev 2021; 53:563-591. [PMID: 34491868 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1977316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder, the incidence of which is climbing with ever-growing aged population, but no cure is hitherto available. The epidemiological studies unveiled that chronic intake of flavonoids was negatively associated with AD risk. Flavonoids, a family of natural polyphenols widely distributed in human daily diets, were readily conjugated by phase II drug metabolizing enzymes after absorption in vivo, and glucuronidation could occur in 1 min following intravenous administration. Recently, as many as 191 metabolites were obtained after intragastric administration of a single flavonoid, indicating that other bioactive metabolites, besides conjugates, might be formed and account for the contradiction between efficacy of flavonoids in human or animal models and low systematic exposure of flavonoid glycosides or aglycones. In this review, metabolism of complete 68 flavonoid monomers potential for AD treatment, grouped in flavonoid O-glycosides, flavonoid aglycones, flavonoid C-glycosides, flavonoid dimers, flavonolignans and prenylated flavonoids according to their common structural elements, respectively, has been systematically retrospected, summarized and discussed, including their unequivocally identified metabolites, metabolic interconversions, metabolic locations, metabolic sites (regio- or stereo-selectivity), primarily involved metabolic enzymes or intestinal bacteria, and interspecies correlations or differences in metabolism, and their bioactive metabolites and the underlying mechanism to reverse AD pathology were also reviewed, providing whole perspective about advances on extensive metabolism of diverse potent flavonoids in vivo and in vitro up to date and aiming at elucidation of mechanism of actions of flavonoids on AD or other central nervous system (CNS) disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Xia
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
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14
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Shahbazi R, Sharifzad F, Bagheri R, Alsadi N, Yasavoli-Sharahi H, Matar C. Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties of Fermented Plant Foods. Nutrients 2021; 13:1516. [PMID: 33946303 PMCID: PMC8147091 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermented plant foods are gaining wide interest worldwide as healthy foods due to their unique sensory features and their health-promoting potentials, such as antiobesity, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and anticarcinogenic activities. Many fermented foods are a rich source of nutrients, phytochemicals, bioactive compounds, and probiotic microbes. The excellent biological activities of these functional foods, such as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions, are widely attributable to their high antioxidant content and lactic acid-producing bacteria (LAB). LAB contribute to the maintenance of a healthy gut microbiota composition and improvement of local and systemic immunity. Besides, antioxidant compounds are involved in several functional properties of fermented plant products by neutralizing free radicals, regulating antioxidant enzyme activities, reducing oxidative stress, ameliorating inflammatory responses, and enhancing immune system performance. Therefore, these products may protect against chronic inflammatory diseases, which are known as the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Given that a large body of evidence supports the role of fermented plant foods in health promotion and disease prevention, we aim to discuss the potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of selected fermented plant foods, including berries, cabbage, and soybean products, and their effects on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Shahbazi
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (R.S.); (F.S.); (N.A.); (H.Y.-S.)
| | - Farzaneh Sharifzad
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (R.S.); (F.S.); (N.A.); (H.Y.-S.)
| | - Rana Bagheri
- College of Liberal Art and Sciences, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA;
| | - Nawal Alsadi
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (R.S.); (F.S.); (N.A.); (H.Y.-S.)
| | - Hamed Yasavoli-Sharahi
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (R.S.); (F.S.); (N.A.); (H.Y.-S.)
| | - Chantal Matar
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (R.S.); (F.S.); (N.A.); (H.Y.-S.)
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
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Li Y, Shang H, Zhao X, Qu M, Peng T, Guo B, Hu Y, Song X. Radix Puerarin Extract ( Puerarin) Could Improve Meat Quality of Heat-Stressed Beef Cattle Through Changing Muscle Antioxidant Ability and Fiber Characteristics. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:615086. [PMID: 33521088 PMCID: PMC7844198 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.615086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Puerarin on meat quality, muscle antioxidant ability, and muscle fiber characteristics of beef cattle under a hot environment in summer. Thirty-two 15 ± 1.5-month-old Jinjiang bulls (291.65 ± 8.84 kg) were randomly divided into four groups with dietary Puerarin at 0 (control), 200 (Pue200), 400 (Pue400), and 800 (Pue800) mg/kg in the feed concentrate (n = 8). The feeding trial lasted for 60 days after a 10-day adaptation period (July 1-September 8); the average values of temperature, relative humidity and temperature, and humidity index were 30.68°C, 68.05%, and 81.81, respectively. The growth performance on day 40 of the experiment period was calculated. After 60 days' experimental period, four Jinjiang cattle per treatment from the control group, Pue400 group, and Pue800 group were slaughtered. Compared with the control group, the Pue400 and Pue800 groups improved the growth performance of beef cattle; the Pue800 group elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and glutathione peroxidase in the M. longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle. In the control group, the cell membrane was incomplete, and most of the mitochondria were elongated and in a fission state, while in the Pue400 and Pue800 groups, the cell membrane was clear and complete, and the mitochondria presented with round and oval shapes. Compared with the control group, the Pue400 and Pue800 groups reduced the shear force of the LT muscle, and the Pue400 group decreased the muscle fiber diameter and the myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-IIb gene expression. Furthermore, the Pue400 and Pue800 groups decreased the ratio of AMP/ATP, the Pue800 group reduced the AMP-activated protein kinase α2 mRNA expression, and the Pue400 group improved the nuclear respiratory factor 1 mRNA expression. These results indicated that dietary supplementation with Puerarin might be beneficial to the meat quality of heat-stressed beef cattle by improving muscle antioxidant ability and reducing the MyHC-IIb muscle fiber composition. Based on the results of this study, we recommended 400 mg/kg Puerarin in the feed concentrate of beef cattle (~300 kg) for mitigation of heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjiao Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hanle Shang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingren Qu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Beibei Guo
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaozhen Song
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Cho HW, Gim HJ, Li H, Subedi L, Kim SY, Ryu JH, Jeon R. Structure-Activity Relationship of Phytoestrogen Analogs as ERα/β Agonists with Neuroprotective Activities. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:99-105. [PMID: 33390527 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A set of isoflavononid and flavonoid analogs was prepared and evaluated for estrogen receptor α (ERα) and ERβ transactivation and anti-neuroinflammatory activities. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of naturally occurring phytoestrogens, their metabolites, and related isoflavone analogs revealed the importance of the C-ring of isoflavonoids for ER activity and selectivity. Docking study suggested putative binding modes of daidzein 2 and dehydroequol 8 in the active site of ERα and ERβ, and provided an understanding of the promising activity and selectivity of dehydroequol 8. Among the tested compounds, equol 7 and dehydroequol 8 were the most potent ERα/β agonists with ERβ selectivity and neuroprotective activity. This study provides knowledge on the SAR of isoflavonoids for further development of potent and selective ER agonists with neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Hyo Jin Gim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Hua Li
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University
| | | | | | - Jae-Ha Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Raok Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University
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17
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Xie K, Li Y, Chen D, Yu B, Luo Y, Mao X, Huang Z, Yu J, Luo J, Zheng P, Yan H, He J. Daidzein supplementation enhances embryo survival by improving hormones, antioxidant capacity, and metabolic profiles of amniotic fluid in sows. Food Funct 2020; 11:10588-10600. [PMID: 33196069 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02472d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Daidzein (DAI) is a kind of natural isoflavonic phytoestrogen with estrogenic activity. However, little is known about its influence on early fetal growth in mammalian animals. The current study aimed to explore the characteristics of amniotic fluid exposure to dietary DAI using 1H NMR-based metabolomics and biochemical analysis. Here, we found that DAI supplementation at a dose of 200 mg kg-1 significantly enhanced the number of viable embryos at the early gestation stage (P < 0.05). DAI significantly elevated the concentrations of estrogen (E) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the amniotic fluid (P < 0.05). Moreover, DAI tended to increase the concentration of progesterone, but decrease the concentration of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the amniotic fluid (0.05 < P < 0.10). Interestingly, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was higher in the DAI group than in the CON group (P < 0.05). An 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis identified and quantified more than 30 compounds in the amniotic fluid, and some critical metabolites such as arginine, creatine, and citrate were found to be significantly elevated upon DAI supplementation (P < 0.05). Importantly, the metabolic pathways involved in arginine and proline metabolisms were found to be significantly affected by DAI. Collectively, dietary DAI may improve embryo survival by improving hormones, antioxidant capacity, and metabolic profiles in the maternal amniotic fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhong Xie
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
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Germinated Soybean Embryo Extract Ameliorates Fatty Liver Injury in High-Fat Diet-Fed Obese Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110380. [PMID: 33187321 PMCID: PMC7696473 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean is known to have diverse beneficial effects against human diseases, including obesity and its related metabolic disorders. Germinated soybean embryos are enriched with bioactive phytochemicals and known to inhibit diet-induced obesity in mice, but their effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unknown. Here, we germinated soybean embryos for 24 h, and their ethanolic extract (GSEE, 15 and 45 mg/kg) was administered daily to mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. HFD significantly increased the weight of the body, liver and adipose tissue, as well as serum lipid markers, but soyasaponin Ab-rich GSEE alleviated these changes. Hepatic injury and triglyceride accumulation in HFD-fed mice were attenuated by GSEE via decreased lipid synthesis (SREBP1c) and increased fatty acid oxidation (p-AMPKα, PPARα, PGC1α, and ACOX) and lipid export (MTTP and ApoB). HFD-induced inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, CD14, F4/80, iNOS, and COX2) was normalized by GSEE in mice livers. In adipose tissue, GSEE downregulated white adipose tissue (WAT) differentiation and lipogenesis (PPARγ, C/EBPα, and FAS) and induced browning genes (PGC1α, PRDM16, CIDEA, and UCP1), which could also beneficially affect the liver via lowering adipose tissue-related circulating lipid levels. Thus, our results suggest that GSEE can prevent HFD-induced NAFLD via inhibition of hepatic inflammation and restoration of lipid metabolisms in both liver and adipose tissue.
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Niwa T, Akiyama H, Echikawa M, Yokoyama SI, Mochizuki M, Osawa T. Equol Inhibits Mushroom Tyrosinase in Vitro through Tight Binding. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:550-553. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Niwa
- Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Shubun University
| | | | | | | | - Mika Mochizuki
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological & Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Toshihiko Osawa
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological & Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University
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20
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Gundogdu G, Demirkaya Miloglu F, Gundogdu K, Tasci SY, Albayrak M, Demirci T, Cetin M. Investigation of the efficacy of daidzein in experimental knee osteoarthritis-induced with monosodium iodoacetate in rats. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 39:2399-2408. [PMID: 32103372 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-04958-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative chronic illness that most frequently occurs in the knee joint. Daidzein (DZ) an isoflavone has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of DZ as a treatment for experimental knee OA (KOA) in rats. METHOD An experimental KOA model was induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in rats. Thereafter, 49 Wistar albino male rats (250-300 g, 12-16 weeks old) were randomly divided into 7 groups: C (healthy control); DC (KOA + saline); hyaluronic acid (HA); HA+ intraarticular (ia) DZ; oral (po) DZ; ia DZ; HA + po DZ groups. DZ and/or HA were administered intraarticularly to the rats as 50 μL on days 1, 7, 14, and 21. Alternatively, the DZ was administered orally as 0.5 mL twice daily for 21 days. After the treatment, rats were sacrificed by decapitation under general anesthesia. Serum samples were analyzed to determine the total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-13, and DZ. Knee joint samples underwent histopathological examination, and TNF-α, IL-1β, NOS2, and MMP-13 were analyzed with immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS HA, DZ, and DZ + HA effectively reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and MMP-13 in the serum of the DC group (p < 0.001). In groups that received HA, DZ, or DZ + HA, the serum TAS increased compared with the DC group (p < 0.05). When the DZ + HA combination was used, a more pronounced reduction in the levels of TNFα, NOS2, IL-1β, and MMP-13 was observed in knee joints. In addition, the cracks on the cartilage surface and fibrillation were completely improved in the groups that received HA, DZ, or DZ + HA compared with the DC group. CONCLUSION DZ had anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in a rat OA model. Therefore, DZ, as monotherapy or especially in combination with HA, may be a promising and beneficial therapy for OA. Key Points •DZ has been shown to reduce TNF-α, IL-1β, and MMP-13 both in serum and in tissue samples taken from the knee-joints. •The cracks on the cartilage surface and fibrillation in KOA were completely improved by using DZ and DZ + HA combination. •DZ may be useful to eliminate/reduce/ameliorate inflammation and oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of KOA. •DZ, alone or in combination with HA, may be a promising natural compound with beneficial effects in the treatment of KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsah Gundogdu
- Department of Physiology, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Demirkaya Miloglu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ataturk University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Koksal Gundogdu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| | | | - Mevlut Albayrak
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Ataturk University, Health Services Vocational College, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Tuba Demirci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Meltem Cetin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ataturk University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzurum, Turkey
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Sobhani M, Farzaei MH, Kiani S, Khodarahmi R. Immunomodulatory; Anti-inflammatory/antioxidant Effects of Polyphenols: A Comparative Review on the Parental Compounds and Their Metabolites. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1717523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Sobhani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sarah Kiani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Khodarahmi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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22
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Migkos T, Applová L, Horký P, Tvrdý V, Karlíčková J, Macáková K, Hrubša M, Catapano MC, Tomanek M, Pour M, Mladěnka P. The influence of microbial isoflavonoid specific metabolites on platelets and transition metals iron and copper. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 62:152974. [PMID: 31181402 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isoflavonoids seem to possess positive cardiovascular and other beneficial effects in humans. HYPOTHESIS Their low bioavailability, however, indicates that small isoflavonoid metabolites formed by human microflora can significantly contribute to these activities. STUDY DESIGN Testing antiplatelet activity ex vivo in human blood and interaction with transition metals in vitro. METHODS The effect on platelet aggregation induced by different triggers (arachidonic acid, collagen, ADP, TRAP-6), and interactions with transition metals (iron and copper chelation/reduction) were evaluated against four isoflavonoid-specific metabolites: S-equol; O-desmethylangolensin; 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (HPPA); and 4-ethylphenol. RESULTS S-equol, 4-ethylphenol and O-desmethylangolensin blocked platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid and collagen. S-equol even matched the potency of acetylsalicylic acid in the case of collagen, which is the most physiological inducer of aggregation. Moreover, their effects in general seemed to be biologically relevant and attainable at achievable plasma concentrations, with the exception of HPPA which was ineffective. While only O-desmethylangolensin mildly chelated iron and copper, all four compounds markedly reduced cupric ions. Their direct free radical scavenging effects seem to have little clinical relevance. CONCLUSION This study has shown that S-equol, O-desmethylangolensin and 4-ethylphenol, arising from isoflavonoid intake, can have biologically relevant effects on platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Migkos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Applová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Horký
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic; Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Zborovská 2089, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Tvrdý
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Karlíčková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Macáková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Hrubša
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Carmen Catapano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Tomanek
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, Bankowa 14, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Milan Pour
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic.
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Ko YH, Kim SK, Kwon SH, Seo JY, Lee BR, Kim YJ, Hur KH, Kim SY, Lee SY, Jang CG. 7,8,4'-Trihydroxyisoflavone, a Metabolized Product of Daidzein, Attenuates 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:363-372. [PMID: 30866601 PMCID: PMC6609108 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Daidzein isolated from soybean (Glycine max) has been widely studied for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the protective effects of 7,8,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone (THIF), a major metabolite of daidzein, on 6-hydroxydopamine (OHDA)-induced neurotoxicity are not well understood. In the current study, 7,8,4'-THIF significantly inhibited neuronal cell death and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release induced by 6-OHDA in SH-SY5Y cells, which were used as an in vitro model of Parkinson' disease (PD). Moreover, pretreatment with 7,8,4'-THIF significantly increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) activity in 6-OHDA-induced SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, 7,8,4'-THIF significantly recovered 6-OHDA-induced cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), increased Bax, and decreased Bcl-2 levels. Additionally, 7,8,4'-THIF significantly restored the expression levels of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K)/Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) in 6-OHDA-induced SH-SY5Y cells. Further, 7,8,4'-THIF significantly increased the reduced tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) level induced by 6-OHDA in SH-SY5Y cells. Collectively, these results suggest that 7,8,4'-THIF protects against 6-OHDA-induced neuronal cell death in cellular PD models. Also, these effects are mediated partly by inhibiting activation of the MAPK and PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hyun Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Kyung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Yeon Seo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Hur
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gon Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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S-equol glucuronidation in liver and intestinal microsomes of humans, monkeys, dogs, rats, and mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110542. [PMID: 31163218 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
S-equol, an active metabolite of the soy isoflavone daidzein, is mainly metabolized into glucuronide(s) by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes in mammals. In the present study, S-equol glucuronidation was examined in the liver and intestinal microsomes of humans, monkeys, dogs, rats, and mice using a kinetic analysis. CLint values for 7- and 4'-glucuronidation by liver microsomes were higher than those by intestinal microsomes in all species. CLint values for total glucuronidation (sum of 7- and 4'-glucuronidation) were rats (7.6) > monkeys (5.8) > mice (4.9) > dogs (2.8) > humans (1.0) for liver microsomes, and rats (9.6) > mice (2.8) > dogs (1.3) ≥ monkeys (1.2) > humans (1.0) for intestinal microsomes, respectively. Regarding regioselective glucuronidation by liver and intestinal microsomes, CLint values were 7-glucuronidation > 4'-glucuronidation for humans, monkeys, dogs, and mice, and 4'-glucuronidation > 7-glucuronidation for rats. These results suggest that the metabolic abilities of UGT enzymes toward S-equol in the liver and intestines markedly differ among humans, monkeys, dogs, rats, and mice.
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Torno C, Staats S, Fickler A, de Pascual-Teresa S, Soledad Izquierdo M, Rimbach G, Schulz C. Combined effects of nutritional, biochemical and environmental stimuli on growth performance and fatty acid composition of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216611. [PMID: 31086380 PMCID: PMC6516738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The reliance of the aquafeed industry on marine resources has to be reduced by innovative approaches in fish nutrition. Thus, a three-factorial approach (fish oil reduced diet, phytochemical genistein, and temperature reduction) was chosen to investigate the interaction of effects on growth performance and tissue omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) levels in juvenile sea bream (Sparus aurata, 12.5 ± 2.2 g). Genistein is a phytoestrogen with estrogen-like activity and thus LC-PUFA increasing potential. A decrease in the rearing temperature was chosen based on the positive effects of low temperature on fish lipid quality. The experimental diets were reduced in marine ingredients and had a fish oil content of either 6% dry matter (DM; F6: positive control) or 2% DM (F2: negative control) and were administered in the plain variant or with inclusion of 0.15% DM genistein (F6 + G and F2 + G). The feeding trial was performed simultaneously at 23°C and 19°C. The results indicated that solely temperature had a significant effect on growth performance and whole body nutrient composition of sea bream. Nevertheless, the interaction of all three factors significantly affected the fatty acid compositions of liver and fillet tissue. Most importantly, they led to a significant increase by 4.3% of fillet LC-PUFA content in sea bream fed with the diet F6 + G in comparison to control fish fed diet F6, when both groups were held at 19°C. It is hypothesized that genistein can act via estrogen-like as well as other mechanisms and that the dietary LC-PUFA content may impact its mode of action. Temperature most likely exhibited its effects indirectly via altered growth rates and metabolism. Although effects of all three factors and of genistein in particular were only marginal, they highlight a possibility to utilize the genetic capacity of sea bream to improve tissue lipid quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Torno
- GMA—Gesellschaft für Marine Aquakultur mbH, Büsum, Germany
- Marine Aquaculture Research Group, Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Stefanie Staats
- Food Science Research Group, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Fickler
- GMA—Gesellschaft für Marine Aquakultur mbH, Büsum, Germany
- Marine Aquaculture Research Group, Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sonia de Pascual-Teresa
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN–CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Soledad Izquierdo
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Universitario Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Telde, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Food Science Research Group, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carsten Schulz
- GMA—Gesellschaft für Marine Aquakultur mbH, Büsum, Germany
- Marine Aquaculture Research Group, Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Rajaei S, Alihemmati Ph D A, Abedelahi Ph D A. Antioxidant effect of genistein on ovarian tissue morphology, oxidant and antioxidant activity in rats with induced polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Reprod Biomed 2019; 17. [PMID: 31435584 PMCID: PMC6652161 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v17i1.3816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is the most frequent cause of female infertility disorders including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Genistein as a major component of soybean isoflavone scavenges free radicals by antioxidant activities. Objective The present study examines the antioxidant effects of genistein on ovarian tissue following experimental PCOS in rats. Materials and Methods Twenty female Wistar rat were randomly divided into the following groups (n=5 each group): (I) control group (no treatment); (II) induced PCOS (injection of estradiol valerate); (III) genistein-treated non-PCOS (received genistein); and (IV) genistein-treated PCOS groups. The weight of rats were measured and the blood samples collected and centrifuged. The oxidant and antioxidant activity of plasma and ovaries were measured. All rats were sacrificed under anesthesia, and ovaries were collected and weighted. Histological examination and follicular quality were assessed by staining. Results In histological observation, the induced PCOS rats displayed more number of atretic follicles and the follicular quality in genistein-treated rats was similar to the control groups. The plasma and ovaries malondialdehyde levels significantly increased in PCOS rats (p < 0.001), while the total antioxidant capacity levels, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities significantly decreased (p < 0.001). The plasma and ovary malondialdehyde levels significantly decreased in PCOS rats that were treated with genistein (p < 0.001) and the total antioxidant capacity (p < 0.05), glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities significantly increased (p < 0.001). Conclusion Treatment with genistein preserved follicular quality by increasing antioxidant activities and scavenging oxidant levels in PCOS rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Rajaei
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Abedelahi Ph D
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Zeitz JO, Kaltenböck S, Most E, Eder K. Effects of L‐methionine on performance, gut morphology and antioxidant status in gut and liver of piglets in relation to DL‐methionine. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 103:242-250. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna O. Zeitz
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Physiology University of Giessen Giessen Germany
| | - Susanne Kaltenböck
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Physiology University of Giessen Giessen Germany
| | - Erika Most
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Physiology University of Giessen Giessen Germany
| | - Klaus Eder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Physiology University of Giessen Giessen Germany
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Kim E, Kang YG, Kim JH, Kim YJ, Lee TR, Lee J, Kim D, Cho JY. The Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of 8-Hydroxydaidzein (8-HD) in Activated Macrophage-Like RAW264.7 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1828. [PMID: 29933606 PMCID: PMC6073157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Hydroxydaidzein (8-HD) is a daidzein metabolite isolated from soybeans. This compound has been studied for its anti-proliferation, depigmentation, and antioxidant activities. However, the anti-inflammatory activities of 8-HD are not well-understood. Through its antioxidant effects in ABTS and DPPH assays, 8-HD reduces the production of sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced radical oxygen species (ROS). By triggering various Toll-like receptors (TLRs), 8-HD suppresses the inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO) without cytotoxicity. We examined the regulatory mechanism of 8-HD in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced conditions. We found that 8-HD diminishes inflammatory gene expression (e.g., inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) by regulating the transcriptional activities of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and activator protein 1 (AP-1). To find the potential targets of 8-HD, signaling pathways were investigated by immunoblotting analyses. These analyses revealed that 8-HD inhibits the activation of TAK1 and that phosphorylated levels of downstream molecules decrease in sequence. Together, our results demonstrate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of 8-HD and suggest its potential use in cosmetics or anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Young-Gyu Kang
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation, Yongin 17074, Korea.
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Yong-Jin Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation, Yongin 17074, Korea.
| | - Tae Ryong Lee
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation, Yongin 17074, Korea.
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation, Yongin 17074, Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
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Zhang Q, Chen D, Yu B, Mao X, Huang Z, Yu J, Luo J, Zheng P, Luo Y, He J. Effects of Dietary Daidzein Supplementation on Reproductive Performance, Serum Hormones, and Reproductive-Related Genes in Rats. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060766. [PMID: 29899203 PMCID: PMC6024876 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary daidzein supplementation on reproductive performance in rats. A total of twenty-four female Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly allocated to two groups and fed either with a basal diet (CON) or basal diet containing 50 mg/kg daidzein (DAI) from gestation until delivery stage. The results show that daidzein supplementation significantly increased the total litter weight and the total viable newborn weight (p < 0.05). Interestingly, daidzein supplementation acutely elevated the concentrations of serum estrogen, progesterone and insulin-like growth factor-1 (p < 0.01) after the maternal rats’ delivery. The concentrations of serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were also significantly higher in the DAI maternal rats than in the CON maternal rats (p < 0.05). Moreover, daidzein significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in maternal rats’ sera and in newborns (p < 0.05) and elevated the concentration of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in both the maternal rats’ sera and their ovaries (p < 0.05). Importantly, daidzein supplementation significantly elevated the expression levels of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and NR5A2 genes in maternal rats’ ovaries (p < 0.05) and downregulated the expression level of prolactin receptor (PRLR) in newborns (p < 0.05). These results suggest that dietary daidzein supplementation improves reproductive performance and fetal development in rats, which is associated with changes in serum hormones, tissue antioxidant capacity, and expression levels of reproductive-related genes, both in maternal rats and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Umamaheswari C, Lakshmanan A, Nagarajan NS. Phyto‐mediated synthesis, biological and catalytic activity studies of gold nanoparticles. IET Nanobiotechnol 2018. [DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chidambaram Umamaheswari
- Department of ChemistryGandhigram Rural Institute‐Deemed UniversityGandhigram624 302TamilnaduIndia
| | - Alagappan Lakshmanan
- Department of ChemistryGandhigram Rural Institute‐Deemed UniversityGandhigram624 302TamilnaduIndia
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Mansour DF, Saleh DO, Mostafa RE. Genistein Ameliorates Cyclophosphamide - Induced Hepatotoxicity by Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Mediators. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2017; 5:836-843. [PMID: 29362606 PMCID: PMC5771282 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2017.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: The present study investigated the protective effect of the phytoestrogen, genistein (GEN), against (CP)-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Male adult rats were randomly assigned into five groups. Normal control group received the vehicles; CP group received a single dose of CP (200 mg/kg, i.p). The other three groups received subcutaneous GEN at doses of 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg/day, respectively, for 15 consecutive days prior CP injection. Sera and liver tissues were collected forty-eight hours after CP injection for assessment of liver function enzymes (ALT and AST) in rat sera, the hepatic oxidative/nitrosative biomarkers (GSH, MDA and NOx), hepatic interleukin-1β, and myeloperoxidase activity. Immunohistochemistry of cyclooxygenase-2 and histopathological examination of liver tissues were also conducted. RESULTS: The CP-induced acute liver damage was evidenced by elevated serum ALT and AST accompanied by increased hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers. Immunohistochemical outcomes revealed hepatic cyclooxygenase-2 expression in CP group with distortion of liver architecture. GEN-pretreatment significantly ameliorated the deterioration of liver function and exerted significant anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity with a marked decline in hepatic cyclooxygenase-2 expression in a dose dependent-manner. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of GEN might contribute to its protective effects against CP-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina F Mansour
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia O Saleh
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rasha E Mostafa
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Eren-Guzelgun B, Ince E, Gurer-Orhan H. In vitro antioxidant/prooxidant effects of combined use of flavonoids. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:1446-1450. [PMID: 28669231 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1346637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the individual and combined antioxidant or prooxidant effects of genistein, daidzein and quercetin in human erythrocytes and rat microsomes in vitro. Their reducing potential against oxidation of a redox sensitive fluorescent probe, their protective effect against H2O2-induced membrane lipid peroxidation and their inhibitory effect on AAPH-induced hemolysis were evaluated. Genistein and daidzein were prooxidant in erythrocytes but antioxidant in microsomes where their metabolites might have been formed which suggests the importance of metabolic capacity in in vitro models to predict the physiological situation. Quercetin showed antioxidant effects in all models and conditions. Prooxidant effect of 'genistein-daidzein mixture', at their concentrations reflecting the real life, was suppressed by addition of quercetin to the mixture. Our study shows that flavonoids can exert prooxidant effects depending on the conditions, but the mixture effect should be considered while assessing their effects and safety in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Eren-Guzelgun
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey
| | - E Ince
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey
| | - H Gurer-Orhan
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey
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Marinello PC, Bernardes SS, Guarnier FA, Da Silva TNX, Borges FH, Lopes NMD, Simão ANC, Armani A, Cecchini R, Cecchini AL. Isoflavin-β modifies muscle oxidative stress and prevents a thyrotoxicosis-induced loss of muscle mass in rats. Muscle Nerve 2017; 56:975-981. [PMID: 28029692 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We sought to verify whether isoflavin-beta (Iso-β), a mixture of isoflavones with antioxidant properties, could prevent thyrotoxicosis-induced loss of muscle mass and the participation of oxidative stress (OS) in the mechanisms of this prevention. METHODS Two experimental periods of thyrotoxicosis induction were used in Wistar rats: 3 and 5 days to assess Iso-β effects before and after thyrotoxicosis-induced muscle wasting. After euthanasia, peritoneal fat and gastrocnemius muscle were collected, weighed, and muscle OS was assessed. RESULTS Iso-β prevented the loss of gastrocnemius mass in thyrotoxic rats through the prevention of muscle OS generation during thyrotoxicosis, increasing muscle total antioxidant capacity and decreasing mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonyl content. CONCLUSION Iso-β decreased oxidative modification of proteins, which is known to exert a major role during proteolysis induction and is present in thyrotoxic myopathy, highlighting the potential action of Iso-β in this complication of the disease. Muscle Nerve 56: 975-981, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poliana C Marinello
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR445, Km 380 Campus Universitário, Londrina, CEP 86051-990, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sara S Bernardes
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR445, Km 380 Campus Universitário, Londrina, CEP 86051-990, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Flávia A Guarnier
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Muscle Adaptation, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thamara N X Da Silva
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Muscle Adaptation, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernando H Borges
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Free Radicals, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Natália M D Lopes
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR445, Km 380 Campus Universitário, Londrina, CEP 86051-990, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andréa N C Simão
- Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, University Hospital of State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - André Armani
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rubens Cecchini
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Free Radicals, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alessandra L Cecchini
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR445, Km 380 Campus Universitário, Londrina, CEP 86051-990, Paraná, Brazil
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Effects of daidzein on performance, serum metabolites, nutrient digestibility, and fecal bacterial community in bull calves. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Genistein Alleviates Neuroinflammation and Restores Cognitive Function in Rat Model of Hepatic Encephalopathy: Underlying Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1762-1772. [PMID: 28224477 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0454-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome resulting from acute liver failure. Previously, we demonstrated hepatoprotective effects of genistein in D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). In this study, we evaluated behavioural and neuroprotective effects of genistein in rat model of HE. HE was induced by intraperitonial administration of D-GalN (250 mg/kg BW) twice a week for 30 days Genistein was given as co-treatment through oral gavage daily at dose of 5 mg/kg BW. D-GalN administration significantly resulted in acute liver failure which was further associated with hyperammonemia, neurological dysfunction, as evident from behavioural and functional impairment and reduced learning ability in Morris water maze. Genistein significantly alleviated behavioural and functional impairment and restored learning ability in Morris water maze. Considerable histopathological changes, including portal inflammation, sinusoidal dilation, necrotic lesions and swelled astrocytes with pale nuclei, were seen in the liver and brain sections of D-GalN-challenged rats while genistein co-treated rats revealed normal cellular and morphological architecture as no pathological features were seen. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory markers (interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4, IL-1β and TNF-α) and membrane expression of subunits α1 of GABAA receptor and GluR2 of AMPA marked significant increase, while subunits GluR1 of AMPA receptors showed reduced expression in D-GalN-challenged rats leading to neuroinflammation and dysregulated neurotransmission. Genistein significantly normalized altered expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and membrane receptor of GABA and GluR. Our study suggests strong therapeutic potential of genistein in animal model of HE. Genistein can be used a strong anti-oxidant to attenuate neurotoxic effects of xenobiotics.
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Zeitz JO, Kaltenböck S, Most E, Eder K. Antioxidant status and expression of inflammatory genes in gut and liver of piglets fed different dietary methionine concentrations. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2017; 101:1166-1174. [PMID: 28066942 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the hypothesis that dietary concentrations of methionine (Met), as a precursor of cysteine which is a constituent of glutathione (GSH), affect tissue antioxidant concentrations and the antioxidant defence system in pigs. Forty-five piglets (DanZucht × Pietrain) were allotted to three groups of similar mean body weight (11.0 ± 0.9 kg). The basal diet was composed of barley, wheat, corn starch, soybean oil, sucrose, cellulose and a mineral supplement with suboptimal concentrations of Met and was supplemented with dl-Met to reach 0.16%, 0.20% and 0.24% of dietary Met and 0.40%, 0.44% and 0.48% of dietary Met and cysteine in groups 0.16, 0.20 and 0.24 respectively. After 3 weeks, at slaughter, samples of liver, jejunum mucosa and plasma were collected. Feed intake and weight gains increased and feed:gain ratio decreased when dietary Met concentrations increased. The Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), concentrations of GSH and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBA-RS) and the activity of the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in liver and jejunum mucosa were similar in all groups (p > 0.05). Relative mRNA concentrations of selected target genes of the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), the master regulator of the antioxidant response, and of the nuclear factor 'kappa-light-chain-enhancer' of activated B-cells (NF-κB), the master regulator of inflammation, were largely unaffected both in jejunum and liver. In conclusion, inflammation- and oxidative stress-related pathways on the molecular level, and concentrations of lipid peroxidation products, of antioxidants and of enzymes involved in the antioxidant defence system were mostly unaffected by dietary Met concentration in gut and liver. These findings suggest that suboptimal dietary Met concentrations did not influence the antioxidant defence system of gut and liver in healthy piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Zeitz
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Physiology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - S Kaltenböck
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Physiology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - E Most
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Physiology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - K Eder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Physiology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Ibrahim SRM, Mohamed GA, Zayed MF, Ross SA. 8-Hydroxyirilone 5-methyl ether and 8-hydroxyirilone, new antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitors isoflavonoids from Iris germanica rhizomes. Bioorg Chem 2016; 70:192-198. [PMID: 28069265 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Iris species are well recognized as wealthy sources of isoflavonoids. In the present study, phytochemical investigation of the rhizomes of Iris germanica (Iridaceae) procure the isolation of two new isoflavonoids namely, 8-hydroxyirilone 5-methyl ether (2) and 8-hydroxyirilone (3), along with eight known isoflavonoids: irilone 4'-methyl ether (1), irilone (4), irisolidone (5), irigenin S (6), irigenin (7), irilone 4'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (8), iridin S (9), and iridin (10). The isolated flavonoids were structurally characterized with the assist of comprehensive spectroscopic analyses (UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR, and HRMS) and comparing with the published data. They were estimated for their antioxidant and antidaibetic capacities using DPPH and α-amylase inhibition assays, respectively. Compounds 2, 3, and 4 exhibited prominent antioxidant activities with IC50 values of 12.92, 9.23, and 10.46μM, respectively compared to propyl gallate (IC50 7.11μM). Moreover, 2-5 possessed highest α-amylase inhibitory activity with % inhibition 66.1, 78.3, 67.3, and 70.1, respectively in comparison to acarbose (reference α-amylase inhibitor). Additionally, their structure-activity relationship has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrin R M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah 30078, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
| | - Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, 71524 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Zayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah 30078, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir A Ross
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
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Smirnova NA, Kaidery NA, Hushpulian DM, Rakhman II, Poloznikov AA, Tishkov VI, Karuppagounder SS, Gaisina IN, Pekcec A, Leyen KV, Kazakov SV, Yang L, Thomas B, Ratan RR, Gazaryan IG. Bioactive Flavonoids and Catechols as Hif1 and Nrf2 Protein Stabilizers - Implications for Parkinson's Disease. Aging Dis 2016; 7:745-762. [PMID: 28053825 PMCID: PMC5201116 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2016.0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are known to trigger the intrinsic genetic adaptive programs to hypoxic or oxidative stress via estrogen receptor engagement or upstream kinase activation. To reveal specific structural requirements for direct stabilization of the transcription factors responsible for triggering the antihypoxic and antioxidant programs, we studied flavones, isoflavones and catechols including dihydroxybenzoate, didox, levodopa, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), using novel luciferase-based reporters specific for the first step in HIF1 or Nrf2 protein stabilization. Distinct structural requirements for either transcription factor stabilization have been found: as expected, these requirements for activation of HIF ODD-luc reporter correlate with in silico binding to HIF prolyl hydroxylase. By contrast, stabilization of Nrf2 requires the presence of 3,4-dihydroxy- (catechol) groups. Thus, only some but not all flavonoids are direct activators of the hypoxic and antioxidant genetic programs. NDGA from the Creosote bush resembles the best flavonoids in their ability to directly stabilize HIF1 and Nrf2 and is superior with respect to LOX inhibition thus favoring this compound over others. Given much higher bioavailability and stability of NDGA than any flavonoid, NDGA has been tested in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-animal model of Parkinson's Disease and demonstrated neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya A Smirnova
- 1Burke Medical Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains, NY 10605, USA; 2D. Rogachev Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- 3Departments of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Dmitry M Hushpulian
- 2D. Rogachev Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow 117997, Russia; 4ValentaPharm, Moscow 119530, Russia
| | - Ilay I Rakhman
- 1Burke Medical Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains, NY 10605, USA
| | - Andrey A Poloznikov
- 2D. Rogachev Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Vladimir I Tishkov
- 5Department of Chemical Enzymology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Saravanan S Karuppagounder
- 1Burke Medical Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains, NY 10605, USA
| | - Irina N Gaisina
- 6Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Anton Pekcec
- 7Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Klaus Van Leyen
- 7Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Sergey V Kazakov
- 8Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Dyson College, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY 10570, USA
| | - Lichuan Yang
- 3Departments of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Bobby Thomas
- 3Departments of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Rajiv R Ratan
- 1Burke Medical Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains, NY 10605, USA
| | - Irina G Gazaryan
- 1Burke Medical Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains, NY 10605, USA; 5Department of Chemical Enzymology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia; 8Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Dyson College, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY 10570, USA
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Ovario-protective effects of genistein against cyclophosphamide toxicity in rats: Role of anti-müllerian hormone and oestradiol. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 789:163-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Garg S, Lule VK, Malik RK, Tomar SK. Soy Bioactive Components in Functional Perspective: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2015.1136936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheenam Garg
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Vaibhao Kisanrao Lule
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar Malik
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Tomar
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Liu ZM, Ho SC, Chen YM, Xie YJ, Huang ZG, Ling WH. Research protocol: effect of natural S-equol on blood pressure and vascular function--a six-month randomized controlled trial among equol non-producers of postmenopausal women with prehypertension or untreated stage 1 hypertension. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:89. [PMID: 26928904 PMCID: PMC4772692 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1065-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although higher habitual soy intake is associated with lower blood pressure (BP) and stroke incidence, clinical trials using soy protein or isoflavones on cardiovascular risks yielded inconsistent results. The discrepancies are hypothesized to be due to the individuals' intestinal bacterial capacity to metabolite isoflavones daidzein into equol. Animal and in vitro studies have revealed that equol has stronger estrogen-like and anti-oxidative activity than isoflavones and possesses natriuretic and vasorelaxant properties which may play an important role in the prevention of hypertension. However, no clinical trial has examined the effect of equol on BP. We thus propose a 24-week randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of natural S-equol on BP and vascular function among equol non-producers. METHODS/DESIGN This will be a 6-month double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial among 207 non-equol producing postmenopausal women with prehypertension or early untreated hypertension. Eligible participants who have completed a 2-week run-in will be randomized to either one of the 3 groups: placebo group, low-equol group (10 mg/d) and high equol group (20 mg/d). The outcome measures will be conducted at baseline and at the end of the trial including 24 h ambulatory BP, endothelial function (by ultrasound determined brachial flow mediated dilation), arterial stiffness (by pulse wave analysis) and other cardiovascular risk factors (lipid profile, glycemic control and inflammatory biomarkers). Urinary isoflavones will be tested for compliance assessment. One way analysis of variance will be applied to compare the 6-month changes in ambulatory BP or parameters of vascular function among the 3 treatment groups. DISCUSSION This study will be performed in community subjects. If the antihypertensive effect of equol is proven, the provision of natural equol to those high risk adults who are unable to produce equol will have enormous public health implications for the primary and secondary prevention of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases on a population basis. The research efforts will also have significant implications for industry in the provision of suitable soy products for the prevention of hypertension and its related complications. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with identifier of NCT02515682 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-min Liu
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR.
| | - Suzanne C Ho
- Division of Epidemiology, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR
| | - Yu-ming Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yao Jie Xie
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Science, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR
| | - Zhi-guan Huang
- Department of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Wen-hua Ling
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Medigović IM, Živanović JB, Ajdžanović VZ, Nikolić-Kokić AL, Stanković SD, Trifunović SL, Milošević VL, Nestorović NM. Effects of soy phytoestrogens on pituitary-ovarian function in middle-aged female rats. Endocrine 2015. [PMID: 26215277 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0691-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of genistein (G) and daidzein (D) on the histological, hormonal, and functional parameters of the pituitary-ovarian axis in middle-aged female rats, and to compare these effects with the effects of estradiol (E), commonly used in the prevention and treatment of menopausal symptoms. Middle-aged (12 month old) Wistar female rats subcutaneously received 35 mg/kg of G, or 35 mg/kg of D, or 0.625 mg/kg of E every day for 4 weeks. Each of the treated groups had a corresponding control group. An intact control group was also established. G and D did not change the intracellular protein content within gonadotropic and lactotropic cells, but vacuolization was observed in all the cell types. In contrast, E caused an inhibition of gonadotropic and stimulation of lactotropic cells. Also, ovaries of middle-aged female rats exposed to G or D have more healthy primordial and primary follicles and less atretic follicles. E treatment in the ovaries had a mostly negative effect, which is reflected by the increased number of atretic follicles in all tested classes. G and D provoked decrease in CuZnSOD and CAT activity, while E treatment increased MnSOD and decreased CuZnSOD and GSHPx activity. All the treatments increased serum estradiol and decreased testosterone levels, while D and E increased the serum progesterone level. In conclusion, soy phytoestrogens exhibited beneficial effects on pituitary-ovarian function in middle-aged female rats, as compared to estradiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana M Medigović
- Department of Citology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jasmina B Živanović
- Department of Citology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Z Ajdžanović
- Department of Citology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra L Nikolić-Kokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja D Stanković
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Clinical Centre of Serbia, School of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana L Trifunović
- Department of Citology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Verica Lj Milošević
- Department of Citology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša M Nestorović
- Department of Citology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Yuan L, Liu J, Ma W, Dong L, Wang W, Che R, Xiao R. Dietary pattern and antioxidants in plasma and erythrocyte in patients with mild cognitive impairment from China. Nutrition 2015; 32:193-8. [PMID: 26690564 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress and unhealthy dietary patterns are might correlate with the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients to develop Alzheimer's disease. We explored the association between dietary pattern, plasma and erythrocyte antioxidants levels, and cognitive function in the older Chinese adults. METHODS The present study is a case-control study. A total of 138 MCI patients and 138 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (aged from 55 to 75) were recruited. A food frequency questionnaire method was used for the dietary survey. Peripheral blood and morning spot urine were sampled for parameters detection. Cognitive function of the old subjects was measured by using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test. Antioxidant parameters in plasma, erythrocyte, and urine samples were measured by using the assay kits. Plasma retinol, α-tocopherol, and flavonoids contents were detected by using high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography mass spectrometer methods respectively. RESULTS The MCI patients had lower plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than control subjects (P < 0.01). MCI patients consumed less fish and more red meat daily than the controls (P < 0.05). Comparing with controls, lower plasma total antioxidant capacity, α-tocopherol, and higher level of malondialdehyde were detected in the MCI patients (P < 0.05). No significant difference of plasma flavonoids concentration, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities, and urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine content was detected among the MCI and control subjects (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Lower plasma concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total antioxidant capacity, and α-tocopherol levels, and a dietary pattern that is low in fish and high in red meat might contribute to the cognition impairment in older Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhong Yuan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinmeng Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Ma
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Dong
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiwen Che
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Ko S, Yang YH, Choi KY, Kim BG. rational design and directed evolution of CYP102A1 (BM3) for regio-specific hydroxylation of isoflavone. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-014-0718-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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The role of colonic bacteria in the metabolism of the natural isoflavone daidzin to equol. Metabolites 2015; 5:56-73. [PMID: 25594250 PMCID: PMC4381290 DOI: 10.3390/metabo5010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoflavones are found in leguminous plants, especially soybeans. They have a structural similarity to natural estrogens, which enables them to bind to estrogen receptors and elicit biological activities similar to natural estrogens. They have been suggested to be beneficial for the prevention and therapy of hormone-dependent diseases. After soy products are consumed, the bacteria of the intestinal microflora metabolize isoflavones to metabolites with altered absorption, bioavailability, and estrogenic characteristics. Variations in the effect of soy products have been correlated with the isoflavone metabolites found in plasma and urine samples of the individuals consuming soy products. The beneficial effects of the soy isoflavone daidzin, the glycoside of daidzein, have been reported in individuals producing equol, a reduction product of daidzein produced by specific colonic bacteria in individuals called equol producers. These individuals comprise 30% and 60% of populations consuming Western and soy-rich Asian diets, respectively. Since the higher percentage of equol producers in populations consuming soy-rich diets is correlated with a lower incidence of hormone-dependent diseases, considerable efforts have been made to detect the specific colonic bacteria involved in the metabolism of daidzein to the more estrogenic compound, equol, which should facilitate the investigation of the metabolic activities related to this compound.
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Zhao XH, Yang ZQ, Bao LB, Wang CY, -Zhou S, Gong JM, Fu CB, Xu LJ, Liu CJ, Qu M. Daidzein enhances intramuscular fat deposition and improves meat quality in finishing steers. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 240:1152-7. [PMID: 25526906 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214564755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of soy isoflavone daidzein on carcass characteristics, fat deposition, meat quality, and blood metabolites in finishing steers. Fourteen crossbred steers were used in a 120-d finishing study. These steers were stratified by weight into groups and randomly allotted by group to one of two dietary treatments: (1) control and (2) daidzein (500 mg/kg concentrate). The steers were fed a 90% concentrate diet. Supplemental daidzein did not affect slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, and dressing percentage, but tended to reduce fat proportion (not including intramuscular fat) in carcass and backfat thickness of steers. The carcass bone proportion was greater in steers fed daidzein diets than those fed control diets. Daidzein supplementation reduced pH at 24 h after slaughtered and moisture content and increased isocitrate dehydrogenase activity, fat content (16.28% and 7.94%), marbling score (5.29 and 3.36), redness (a*), and chroma (C*) values in longissimus muscle relative to control treatment. The concentrations of blood metabolites including glucose, blood urea nitrogen, triglyceride, total cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acid, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were all lower in steers fed daidzein diets than those fed control diets. Current results suggest that supplemental daidzein can affect lipid metabolism, increase intramuscular fat content and marbling score, and improve meat quality in finishing steers. Daidzein should be a promising feed additive for production of high-quality beef meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hui Zhao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zhu-Qing Yang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lin-Bin Bao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Can-Yu Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shan -Zhou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jian-Ming Gong
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Chuan-Bian Fu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lan-Jiao Xu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Chan-Juan Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Mingren Qu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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Saleh DO, Abdel Jaleel GAR, El-Awdan SA, Oraby F, Badawi M. Thioacetamide-induced liver injury: protective role of genistein. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 92:965-73. [PMID: 25358106 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of genistein (GEN), a phytoestrogen, on the liver injury induced in rats by thioacetamide (TTA; 200.0 mg·(kg body mass)(-1); administered 3 times a week by intraperitoneal injection). GEN (0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg·(kg body mass)(-1); by subcutaneous injection) was concurrently administered on a daily basis for 8 weeks, and its effects were evaluated 24 h after the administration of the last dose. The results from this study revealed that TTA-induced liver injury was associated with massive changes in the serum levels of liver biomarkers, oxidative stress markers, and liver inflammatory cytokines. Treatment of TAA-induced liver injury in rats with GEN decreased the elevated serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and total and direct bilirubin, and increased the serum level of albumin. GEN also restored the liver levels of malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione, as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and their modulator nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells. From our results, it can be concluded that GEN attenuates the liver injury-induced in rats with TAA, and this hepatoprotective role is attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia O Saleh
- a Pharmacology Department, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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Pterospartum tridentatum, Gomphrena globosa and Cymbopogon citratus: A phytochemical study focused on antioxidant compounds. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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49
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Křížová L, Veselý A, Třináctý J, Schulzová V, Hurajová A, Hajšlová J, Kvasničková E, Havlíková Š. Changes in isoflavones concentrations in cheese during processing and ripening. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 2014. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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50
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Zheng W, Hou Y, Yao W. Lactulose increases equol production and improves liver antioxidant status in barrows treated with Daidzein. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93163. [PMID: 24667812 PMCID: PMC3965542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Equol, one of the intestinal microflora metabolites of daidzein, has gained much attention for having greater bioactivity than its precursor (daidzein and daidzin) and seeming to be promoted by hydrogen gas. The effects of lactulose on the equol-producing capacity and liver antioxidant status of barrows treated with daidzein were investigated in this study. Male castrated piglets (barrows) of Landrace × Duroc, aged 40 days, were randomly divided into the following three groups: control group (C, n = 12, fed an isoflavones-free basic diet), daidzein group (D, n = 12, fed an isoflavones-free basic diet with 50 mg/kg of daidzein supplementation) and daidzein+lactulose group (D+L, n = 12, fed an isoflavones-free basic diet with 1% of lactulose and 50 mg/kg of daidzein supplementation). After 20 days, the profile of short-chain fatty acids in the colon digesta showed that lactulose significantly increased the fermented capacity in the gastrointestinal tract of the barrows. First-void urinary equol concentrations were significantly higher in the D+L group than in the D group (3.13 ± 0.93 compared to 2.11 ± 0.82 μg/ml, respectively). Furthermore, fecal equol levels were also significantly higher in the D+L group than in the D group (12.00 ± 2.68 compared to 10.00 ± 2.26 μg/g, respectively). The population of bacteroidetes and the percentage of bacteroidetes to bacteria in feces were higher in the D+L group than in the D group. The DGGE profiles results indicate that lactulose might shift the pathways of hydrogen utilization, and changing the profiles of SRB in feces. Moreover, the D+L group had weak enhancement of T-SOD and CuZn-SOD activities in the livers of barrows treated with daidzein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiang Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanjun Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Lab of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
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