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de Oliveira Segundo VH, de Azevedo KPM, de Medeiros GCBS, Mata ÁNDS, Piuvezam G. Association between sedentary behavior and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in children and adolescents: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299024. [PMID: 38442097 PMCID: PMC10914284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence in the literature suggesting that high time spent in sedentary behavior (SB) can reduce the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels, an important neurotrophin that plays a role in modulating cognition, learning and memory. Children and adolescents usually spend many hours a day on SB, either sitting for a long time and/or using screen equipment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to describe a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol on the associations between SB and BDNF levels in children and adolescents. METHODS This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols and was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database (PROSPERO: CRD42023392246). The databases that will be searched are EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and PubMed. Cross-sectional and cohort studies conducted with children and adolescents (5 to 19 yr) that analyzed the association between SB and BDNF will be included in the systematic review. The characteristics of the studies, methodological aspects, and main results will be described. Then, the risk of bias (assessed by STROBE and Newcastle-Ottawa scales) and the level of evidence (assessed by the GRADE tool) from included studies will be evaluated. Sub-group analysis will also be performed. Two experienced reviewers will perform the studies selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis will analyze the association between SB and BDNF in children and adolescents. The results will provide subsidies to better understand this relationship and will strengthen evidence-based practice for both health professionals and future researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo de Oliveira Segundo
- Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Kesley Pablo Morais de Azevedo
- Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva de Medeiros
- Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Ádala Nayana de Sousa Mata
- Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Grasiela Piuvezam
- Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
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Pindus DM, Selzer-Ninomiya A, Nayak A, Pionke JJ, Raine LB. Effects of reducing sedentary behaviour duration by increasing physical activity, on cognitive function, brain function and structure across the lifespan: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e046077. [PMID: 36270758 PMCID: PMC9594536 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Greater engagement in sedentary behaviours has been related to poorer cognitive functions in epidemiological research. However, the effects of reducing sedentary behaviour duration on cognitive function, brain function, and structure remain poorly understood. This systematic review aims to synthesise the evidence on the effects of reducing sedentary behaviour duration by increasing time spent in physical activity on cognitive function, brain structure and function in apparently healthy children, adolescents and adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The protocol follows Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The literature search will be conducted (search dates: August-September 2022) across six databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (via EBSCO Host), PsycINFO (via ProQuest), SPORTDiscus and Web of Science (Science and Social Science Citation Index). The inclusion criteria are as follows: randomised and non-randomised experimental studies as defined by the Cochrane Handbook, published in English, in peer-reviewed journals, and as theses or dissertations. References of included papers will be screened for additional studies. Acute and chronic interventions targeting children (≥ 4 years), adolescents, younger adults (≥ 18-40 years), middle-aged (40-64 years) and older adults (65+ years) will be eligible. Methodological quality will be assessed with the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool for quantitative studies. Qualitative synthesis will be stratified by intervention type (acute vs chronic), intervention content (reducing sedentary time or interrupting prolonged sitting) and outcome (cognitive, brain structure and function). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION No primary data collection will be conducted as part of this systematic review. Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and social media. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020200998.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika M Pindus
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ana Selzer-Ninomiya
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign College of Applied Health Sciences, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Apurva Nayak
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - J J Pionke
- University Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Lauren B Raine
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Dillon K, Morava A, Prapavessis H, Grigsby-Duffy L, Novic A, Gardiner PA. Total Sedentary Time and Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:127. [PMID: 36224459 PMCID: PMC9556686 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00507-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background An estimated 47 million people have dementia globally, and around 10 million new cases are diagnosed each year. Many lifestyle factors have been linked to cognitive impairment; one emerging modifiable lifestyle factor is sedentary time. Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed literature examining the association between total sedentary time with cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults under the moderating conditions of (a) type of sedentary time measurement; (b) the cognitive domain being assessed; (c) looking at sedentary time using categorical variables (i.e., high versus low sedentary time); and (d) the pattern of sedentary time accumulation (e.g., longer versus shorter bouts). We also aimed to examine the prevalence of sedentary time in healthy versus cognitively impaired populations and to explore how experimental studies reducing or breaking up sedentary time affect cognitive function. Lastly, we aimed to conduct a quantitative pooled analysis of all individual studies through meta-analysis procedures to derive conclusions about these relationships. Methods Eight electronic databases (EMBASE; Web of Science; PsycINFO; CINAHL; SciELO; SPORTDiscus; PubMed; and Scopus) were searched from inception to February 2021. Our search included terms related to the exposure (i.e., sedentary time), the population (i.e., middle-aged and older adults), and the outcome of interest (i.e., cognitive function). PICOS framework used middle-aged and older adults where there was an intervention or exposure of any sedentary time compared to any or no comparison, where cognitive function and/or cognitive impairment was measured, and all types of quantitative, empirical, observational data published in any year were included that were published in English. Risk of bias was assessed using QualSyst. Results Fifty-three studies including 83,137 participants met the inclusion criteria of which 23 studies had appropriate data for inclusion in the main meta-analysis. The overall meta-analysis suggested that total sedentary time has no association with cognitive function (r = −0.012 [95% CI − 0.035, 0.011], p = 0.296) with marked heterogeneity (I2 = 89%). Subgroup analyses demonstrated a significant negative association for studies using a device to capture sedentary time r = −0.035 [95% CI − 0.063, − 0.008], p = 0.012). Specifically, the domains of global cognitive function (r = −0.061 [95% CI − 0.100, − 0.022], p = 0.002) and processing speed (r = −0.067, [95% CI − 0.103, − 0.030], p < 0.001). A significant positive association was found for studies using self-report (r = 0.037 [95% CI − 0.019, 0.054], p < 0.001). Specifically, the domain of processing speed showed a significant positive association (r = 0.057 [95% CI 0.045, 0.069], p < 0.001). For prevalence, populations diagnosed with cognitive impairment spent significantly more time sedentary compared to populations with no known cognitive impairments (standard difference in mean = −0.219 [95% CI − 0.310, − 0.128], p < 0.001). Conclusions The association of total sedentary time with cognitive function is weak and varies based on measurement of sedentary time and domain being assessed. Future research is needed to better categorize domains of sedentary behaviour with both a validated self-report and device-based measure in order to improve the strength of this relationship. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018082384. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40798-022-00507-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Dillon
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Kinesiology, London, ON Canada
| | - Anisa Morava
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Kinesiology, London, ON Canada
| | - Harry Prapavessis
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Kinesiology, London, ON Canada
| | - Lily Grigsby-Duffy
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia ,grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220 Australia
| | - Adam Novic
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia ,grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paul A. Gardiner
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Kinesiology, London, ON Canada ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia ,grid.1048.d0000 0004 0473 0844Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, The University of Southern Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Raichlen DA, Klimentidis YC, Sayre MK, Bharadwaj PK, Lai MHC, Wilcox RR, Alexander GE. Leisure-time sedentary behaviors are differentially associated with all-cause dementia regardless of engagement in physical activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2206931119. [PMID: 35994664 PMCID: PMC9436362 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2206931119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sedentary behavior (SB) is associated with cardiometabolic disease and mortality, but its association with dementia is currently unclear. This study investigates whether SB is associated with incident dementia regardless of engagement in physical activity (PA). A total of 146,651 participants from the UK Biobank who were 60 years or older and did not have a diagnosis of dementia (mean [SD] age: 64.59 [2.84] years) were included. Self-reported leisure-time SBs were divided into two domains: time spent watching television (TV) or time spent using a computer. A total of 3,507 individuals were diagnosed with all-cause dementia over a mean follow-up of 11.87 (±1.17) years. In models adjusted for a wide range of covariates, including time spent in PA, time spent watching TV was associated with increased risk of incident dementia (HR [95% CI] = 1.24 [1.15 to 1.32]) and time spent using a computer was associated with decreased risk of incident dementia (HR [95% CI] = 0.85 [0.81 to 0.90]). In joint associations with PA, TV time and computer time remained significantly associated with dementia risk at all PA levels. Reducing time spent in cognitively passive SB (i.e., TV time) and increasing time spent in cognitively active SB (i.e., computer time) may be effective behavioral modification targets for reducing risk of dementia regardless of engagement in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Raichlen
- Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
- Department of Anthropology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Yann C. Klimentidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724
| | - M. Katherine Sayre
- Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | | | - Mark H. C. Lai
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Rand R. Wilcox
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Gene E. Alexander
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- Neuroscience Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- Arizona Alzheimer’s Consortium, Phoenix, AZ 85006
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Goldfield GS, Cameron JD, Sigal RJ, Kenny GP, Holcik M, Prud'homme D, Guerin E, Alberga AS, D'Angiulli A, Tremblay MS, Mougharbel F, Walsh J. Screen time is independently associated with serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in youth with obesity. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 46:1083-1090. [PMID: 33829867 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Low levels of brain derived-neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and excessive screen exposure are risk factors for neurocognitive deficits and obesity in youth, but the relationship between screen time and BDNF remains unknown. This study examined whether duration and/or type of sedentary screen time behaviour (TV viewing, video games, recreational computer use) are associated with serum BDNF levels in youth with obesity. The sample consisted of 250 inactive, postpubertal adolescents with obesity (172 females/78 males, aged 15.5 ± 1.4 years) at the baseline assessment of the Healthy Eating, Aerobic, Resistance Training in Youth Study. After controlling for self-reported age, sex, race, parental education, puberty stage, physical activity, and diet, higher total screen exposure was significantly associated with lower serum BDNF levels (β = -0.21, p = 0.002). TV viewing was the only type of screen behaviour that was associated with BDNF levels (β = -0.22, p = 0.001). Higher exposure to traditional forms of screen time was independently associated with lower serum BDNF levels, and this association appears to be driven primarily by TV viewing. Future intervention research is needed to determine whether limiting screen time is an effective way to increase BDNF and associated health benefits in a high-risk population of youth with obesity. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT00195858. Novelty: This study is the first to show that recreational screen time is inversely associated with serum BDNF levels. The inverse association between screen time and BDNF is driven primarily by TV viewing, indicating the type of screen might matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary S Goldfield
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jameason D Cameron
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ronald J Sigal
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Glen P Kenny
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Martin Holcik
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Denis Prud'homme
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Institut du Savoir Montfort, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Eva Guerin
- Institut du Savoir Montfort, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Angela S Alberga
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Fatima Mougharbel
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jeremy Walsh
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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6
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Dillon K, Gardiner PA. Association between sedentary behaviour and risk of dementia: an evidence gap. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:195. [PMID: 33785728 PMCID: PMC8010116 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul A. Gardiner
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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