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Ward J, Haakonssen E, Parsonage J. Concussion Incidence, Mechanism, and Perspectives Among Australian Elite Surfers: Implications for Medical Support and Safety Protocols. Clin J Sport Med 2024:00042752-990000000-00231. [PMID: 39230356 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective was to investigate the incidence of concussion and the associated mechanisms of injury in elite Australian surfers. The secondary objective was to investigate the current perspectives and behaviors related to experiencing concussion in surfing. DESIGN A cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive survey. SETTING Surfing Australia high-performance program. PARTICIPANTS Forty nationally identified elite Australian surfing athletes. INTERVENTION A retrospective survey collected information pertaining to participant demographics, concussion history, potential concussive symptoms, such as headache, neck pain, dizziness, or unusual fatigue, following a wipeout, and participants' perspectives on concussion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Investigating concussion incidence among elite Australian surfers compared with potential undiagnosed concussive episodes. RESULTS Surfers with a history of diagnosed surfing-related concussion (DC) were compared with those with no history of a diagnosed surfing-related concussion (NDC). A total of 13 of 40 surfers had a DC, with "contact versus the water surface" identified as the primary mechanism. Both DC and NDC groups had a high frequency of concussive symptoms after a surfing wipeout with a total of 447 and 573 concussive symptom occurrences reported in the DC and NDC groups, respectively. Concern regarding the long-term impacts of concussion were reported in 25 of 40 surfers. CONCLUSIONS The number of concussive symptoms reported by surfers who had not previously been diagnosed with concussion suggests that concussion may be underreported and underdiagnosed in elite surfing. This underscores the need for increased medical support, education, and improved safety protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Ward
- Surfing Australia High-Performance Program, Casuarina, NSW, Australia; and
| | - Eric Haakonssen
- Surfing Australia High-Performance Program, Casuarina, NSW, Australia; and
| | - Joanna Parsonage
- Surfing Australia High-Performance Program, Casuarina, NSW, Australia; and
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Jeckell AS, Fontana RS, Gonzalez R. Review of Media Representation of Sport Concussion and Implications for Youth Sports. Clin Sports Med 2024; 43:159-172. [PMID: 37949509 DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Participation in sport can incur a risk of sport-related concussion (SRC). Media representation of SRC is frequently at odds with up-to-date scientific data. Our findings confirm a significant amount of false, confusing, or misleading terminology used in reporting on the topic, which is concerning as media is as a major source of SRC information. Individuals have a variable base of knowledge pertaining to this injury, and accurate understanding of SRC does not always correlate to appropriate action. Inaccurate portrayal of SRC media may contribute to the confusion surrounding it. Popular media presents an opportunity to convey evidence-based information on SRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Shea Fontana
- International Society for Sport Psychiatry; University of South Carolina School of Medicine - Greenville
| | - Rolando Gonzalez
- International Society for Sport Psychiatry; Golisano Children's Hospital of Southwest Florida; Florida State University College of Medicine
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3
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Pollard-McGrandy AM, Tracey AJ, Wallace J, Covassin T, Beidler E. Perceptions of personal control and treatment efficacy of sport-related concussions in collegiate athletes. Brain Inj 2023; 37:1362-1369. [PMID: 38111232 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2023.2292998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine healthy collegiate athletes' perceptions of personal control and beliefs regarding the treatment efficacy related to sport-related concussion (SRC) along with identifying factors that may be associated with these perceptions. METHODS This cross-sectional study included collegiate athletes (n = 956) between the age of 18-26 years. Participants completed a 10- to 15-min survey regarding their demographics, diagnosed SRC history, SRC knowledge, and Perceptions of Concussion Inventory for Athletes (PCI-A). Chi-squared analysis and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to identify factors associated with the PCI-A outcomes of personal control and treatment efficacy perceptions. RESULTS 24.2% of respondents reported higher perceptions of personal control, while 77.3% reported higher perceptions of treatment efficacy. The multivariable logistic regression revealed males had higher odds of greater perceptions of personal control (OR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.10-2.03), while those with a history of diagnosed SRC had lower odds of having favorable treatment efficacy beliefs (OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.50-0.96). CONCLUSIONS This study established that collegiate athletes generally have lower perceptions of personal control and higher perceptions of treatment efficacy related to SRC recovery. Comprehensive SRC education should be expanded for individuals to understand that they have power over their own health outcomes and that SRC is a treatable injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allie J Tracey
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Jessica Wallace
- Department of Health Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Tracey Covassin
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Erica Beidler
- Department of Athletic Training, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Desai SS, Wong TT, Crockatt WK, Tedesco LJ, Trofa DP, Popkin CA. The 'Bauer bump:' ice hockey skates as a common cause of Haglund syndrome. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2023; 51:414-419. [PMID: 35583477 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2022.2079962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ice hockey is a fast-paced contact sport with a high rate of injury. While many of the injuries are acute and related to high skating speeds, frequent collisions, and sharp skates, the clinician must also be aware of the chronic injuries that commonly arise from playing this sport. The "Bauer bump" is one such chronic injury, which is the onset of Haglund syndrome in ice hockey players occurring in the context of wearing ice hockey skates. With this condition, players notice a bony enlargement of their posterosuperior calcaneus with or without the accompanying symptoms of retrocalcaneal bursitis and insertional Achilles tendinopathy. It is important for clinicians to understand the nature of Haglund syndrome in hockey players so that it can be appropriately diagnosed, managed, and ultimately, prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohil S Desai
- Center for Shoulder, Elbow and Sports Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
| | - Tony T Wong
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
| | - William K Crockatt
- Center for Shoulder, Elbow and Sports Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
| | - Liana J Tedesco
- Center for Shoulder, Elbow and Sports Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
| | - David P Trofa
- Center for Shoulder, Elbow and Sports Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
| | - Charles A Popkin
- Center for Shoulder, Elbow and Sports Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
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Olanrewaju O, Rashid H, Dobbin N. A cross-sectional study examining Nigerian footballers' knowledge and attitudes towards sport-related concussion and associated contextual factors. BRAIN IMPAIR 2023; 24:424-440. [PMID: 38167186 DOI: 10.1017/brimp.2022.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine Nigerian footballers' knowledge and attitudes towards sport-related concussion (SRC) and associated contextual factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was used with an online questionnaire distributed to Nigerian footballers affiliated with a registered team. The questionnaire included demographic information and the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey (RoCKAS-ST). The concussion knowledge index (CKI, 0-25) and attitude index (CAI, 15-75) were calculated. The association between various contextual factors with "high" knowledge and attitude were determined. RESULTS A total of 331 participants completed the questionnaire from 10 football clubs. Mean CKI and CAI scores were 14.0 ± 3.0 (56.2 ± 13.2%) and 54.5 ± 9.4 (72.6 ± 12.5%), respectively, and the association between scores was considered large (r = 0.530; 28%). A small proportion (n = 25; 7.6%) of participants reported a previous diagnosis of an SRC, with a further 40 (12.1%) suspecting they have suffered SRC. Thirty-five participants (10.6%) reported sustaining a SRC but did not seek medical help. Results indicated that men were at 4.8 times greater odds of having a "high[er]" CKI than women, and that those with 5-10 years playing experience had lower odds of a "high" CKI than those with >10 years' experience. Men had 7 times greater odds of having a "high" CAI than women. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that Nigerian footballers have a moderate level of SRC knowledge, satisfactory symptom recognition, and high SRC attitudes. Those working with Nigerian football may consider these findings when seeking strategies to improve concussion knowledge, potentially by improving attitudes and considering sex and playing experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseyi Olanrewaju
- Department of Health Professions, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Haroon Rashid
- Department of Health Professions, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| | - Nick Dobbin
- Department of Health Professions, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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Leahy R, Whyte E, Rochfort KD, Kontos AP, Collins MW, O'Connor S. Factors associated with concussion management behavior in Ladies Gaelic Football players. Brain Inj 2023; 37:1159-1166. [PMID: 37296158 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2023.2222643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sport-related concussion (SRC) management may be poor in community sports such as Ladies Gaelic Football (LGF). This study examined factors associated with SRC management behavior in adult LGF players. METHODS Participants (n = 657) answered an online survey on demographic factors, concussion knowledge, attitudes, and education, and SRC management behavior. Data from participants who reported sustaining an LGF-related SRC during the previous year (n = 115) were further analyzed. RESULTS Being diagnosed with SRC was the main factor influencing subacute management behavior. Players with diagnosed SRCs had increased odds of following a graded return-to-play (RTP) programme (OR = 4.89), following a medically supervised graded RTP programme (OR = 10.16), and being medically cleared before full RTP (OR = 13.45) compared with those with suspected SRCs. Concussion history was associated with increased odds of informing a coach of a possible SRC (OR = 2.86). Demographic factors, previous use of Ladies Gaelic Football Association concussion education resources, and concussion knowledge and attitudes had minimal or no influence on management behaviors. CONCLUSION Greater access to medical personnel at LGF training and matches is recommended. Due to limited medical resources in community sport, a clear referral pathway for players with SRC and comprehensive SRC education should be introduced to ensure players receive adequate medical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Róisín Leahy
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Enda Whyte
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Keith D Rochfort
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anthony P Kontos
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael W Collins
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Siobhán O'Connor
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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Sullivan KA, Jaganathan KS, Kinmond S. Sports fans, wagering, and concussion knowledge: implications for injury nondisclosure. BRAIN IMPAIR 2023; 24:103-113. [PMID: 38167580 DOI: 10.1017/brimp.2022.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Athletes perceive sports fans as a source of concussion nondisclosure pressure. Sports fans are exposed to injury depictions from the media that could lead them to underestimate its seriousness. This study examined the concussion knowledge of non-sports fans, sports fans, and wagering sports fans, as knowledge is a modifiable factor that can influence injury disclosure. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 443 Australian adults completed an online survey. DESIGN Cross-sectional. MAIN MEASURES Self-rated and actual concussion knowledge (the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey; RoCKAS). RESULTS There was no significant difference in the concussion knowledge of self-identified sports (n = 157) and non-sports (n = 286) fans; but sports fans rated their knowledge as significantly higher than non-sports fans (p < .05). Wagering sports fans (n = 24) had significantly less concussion knowledge than non-wagering sports fans (η2 = .03, small effect). DISCUSSION Athletes who feel nondisclosure pressure from sports fans may be influenced by people with incomplete concussion knowledge, particularly wagering sports fans. Sports fans over-estimated their knowledge, and this could contribute to the nondisclosure pressure felt by athletes. Programmes to increase injury disclosure by athletes should take these factors into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Sullivan
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Centre for Health Law Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Sally Kinmond
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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O’Connor S, Geaney D, Whyte EF, Kontos AP, O’Halloran PJ, Beidler E. Perceptions of Concussion and Associated Anxiety in Irish Collegiate Athletes. Sports Health 2022; 15:199-209. [PMID: 36366782 PMCID: PMC9950993 DOI: 10.1177/19417381221134103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concussion nondisclosure and poor management after a concussion are a concern in Irish collegiate sports. How athletes perceive concussions and appraise their own concussion may affect their decisions and behaviors after a suspected concussion. However, this has yet to be examined in an Irish context. This study aimed to (1) establish concussion perceptions and associated anxiety in Irish collegiate athletes; (2) examine how sex, concussion, and mood disorder history influenced their perceptions; and (3) investigate factors associated with higher anxiety perceptions. HYPOTHESIS Irish collegiate athletes will display negative concussion perceptions and anxiety related to concussion, especially in female athletes and those without a concussion history. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3. METHODS Irish collegiate athletes [n = 268 (141 women,127 men), mean age = 21.5 ± 2.2 years] from high-risk sports completed a survey including the Perceptions of Concussion Inventory for Athletes (PCI-A), demographics, diagnosed concussion history, self-reported mood disorder history, and a concussion knowledge assessment. Differences in concussion perceptions by sex, concussion history, mood disorder history were examined using Mann-Whitney U tests, and factors associated with anxiety-related concussion perceptions were identified using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Over half (53.0%, n = 142) of participants reported concerns regarding concussion. The thoughts of sustaining a concussion made participants feel upset (63.4%, n = 170), fearful (47.7%, n = 128), and anxious (35.1%, n = 94). Women reported significantly higher anxiety (P < 0.01, r = 0.23), effects (P = 0.04, r = 0.12), and clarity (P = 0.01, r = 0.16) perception scores. Participants with a diagnosed concussion history displayed greater symptom variability perception scores (P = 0.04, r = 0.12), but lower anxiety (P = 0.03, r = 0.13) and treatment (P < 0.01, r = 0.19) beliefs on the PCI-A. No differences were observed for those with a history of a mood disorder (P > 0.05). A significant multivariate model was established (χ2 = 55.44, P < 0.01), with female sex [odds ratio (OR) = 1.53], concussion history (OR = 0.63), effects (OR = 1.31), and treatment (OR = 1.15) subscales associated with greater anxiety. CONCLUSION Concerns about sustaining a concussion are prevalent in Irish collegiate athletes. Women displayed more negative perceptions and those with a concussion history displayed fewer perceived benefits of treatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The findings support the need for concussion awareness campaigns to provide accurate concussion information to mitigate anxiety-related concussion perceptions and injury belief misconceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhán O’Connor
- Centre for Injury Prevention and
Performance, School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin,
Ireland,Siobhán O’Connor, CAT, MSc,
PhD, School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, A144B,
Centre for Injury Prevention and Performance, Dublin 9, Ireland (
) (Twitter:
@SiobhanOConnor3)
| | - Deirdre Geaney
- Centre for Injury Prevention and
Performance, School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin,
Ireland
| | - Enda F. Whyte
- Centre for Injury Prevention and
Performance, School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin,
Ireland
| | - Anthony P. Kontos
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Concussion Research Laboratory, UPMC
Sports Medicine Concussion Program, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip J. O’Halloran
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen
Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK,UPMC Concussion Network Ireland,
Waterford, Ireland,School of Physiotherapy, Royal College
of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Erica Beidler
- Department of Athletic Training,
Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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