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Gambichler T, Schrama D, Käpynen R, Weyer-Fahlbusch SS, Becker JC, Susok L, Kreppel F, Abu Rached N. Current Progress in Vaccines against Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Review and Update. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:533. [PMID: 38793784 PMCID: PMC11125734 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare, aggressive skin cancer that mainly occurs in elderly and immunocompromised patients. Due to the success of immune checkpoint inhibition in MCC, the importance of immunotherapy and vaccines in MCC has increased in recent years. In this article, we aim to present the current progress and perspectives in the development of vaccines for this disease. Here, we summarize and discuss the current literature and ongoing clinical trials investigating vaccines against MCC. We identified 10 articles through a PubMed search investigating a vaccine against MCC. From the international clinical trial database Clinical.Trials.gov, we identified nine studies on vaccines for the management of MCC, of which seven are actively recruiting. Most of the identified studies investigating a vaccine against MCC are preclinical or phase 1/2 trials. The vaccine principles mainly included DNA- and (synthetic) peptide-based vaccines, but RNA-based vaccines, oncolytic viruses, and the combination of vaccines and immunotherapy are also under investigation for the treatment of MCC. Although the management of MCC is changing, when compared to times before the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors, it will still take some time before the first MCC vaccine is ready for approval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilo Gambichler
- Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany; (R.K.); (N.A.R.)
- Department of Dermatology, Dortmund Hospital gGmbH and Faculty of Health, Witten-Herdecke University, 44122 Dortmund, Germany; (S.S.W.-F.); (L.S.)
- Department of Dermatology and Phlebology, Christian Hospital Unna, 59423 Unna, Germany
| | - David Schrama
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Riina Käpynen
- Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany; (R.K.); (N.A.R.)
| | - Sera S. Weyer-Fahlbusch
- Department of Dermatology, Dortmund Hospital gGmbH and Faculty of Health, Witten-Herdecke University, 44122 Dortmund, Germany; (S.S.W.-F.); (L.S.)
| | - Jürgen C. Becker
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, DKTK Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, West German Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany;
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Susok
- Department of Dermatology, Dortmund Hospital gGmbH and Faculty of Health, Witten-Herdecke University, 44122 Dortmund, Germany; (S.S.W.-F.); (L.S.)
| | - Florian Kreppel
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany;
| | - Nessr Abu Rached
- Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany; (R.K.); (N.A.R.)
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Sivars L, Holzhauser S, Ramqvist T, Tham E, Hellman K, Dalianis T. Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in cervical cancer in Stockholm, Sweden during 2019-2023 compared to 2003-2008. Acta Oncol 2023; 62:1649-1652. [PMID: 37793801 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2023.2264485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of different HPV types, especially HPV16 and 18 in cervical cancer in patients diagnosed 2019-2023 in Stockholm was compared to corresponding data from 2003-2008 before the introduction of HPV vaccination in Sweden. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cervical cancer samples from 125 patients diagnosed 2019-2023 in Stockholm were analysed for 27 HPV types by multiplex assay and the HPV type prevalence data was compared to data obtained in 154 cervical samples from 2003-2008. RESULTS Patient median age was higher 2019-2023 compared to 2003-2008 (55-years vs. 42-years, p = 0.046). Overall HPV prevalence was 93.6%, HPV16 and 18 accounted for 62.2% of all squamous cell carcinoma cases (SCC) and 63.6% of all adenocarcinoma cases (ADC) vs. 92.9%, 69.7% and 88.6% respectively 2003-2008. CONCLUSION The joint prevalence of HPV16 and 18 in SCC and ADC tended to be slightly lower in 2019-2023 as compared to 2003-2008, but the difference was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Sivars
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan Holzhauser
- Department of Oncology-Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Ramqvist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Tham
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristina Hellman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Gynecologic Cancer, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tina Dalianis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ismail M, Bai B, Guo J, Bai Y, Sajid Z, Muhammad SA, Shaikh RS. Experimental Validation of MHC Class I and II Peptide-Based Potential Vaccine Candidates for Human Papilloma Virus Using Sprague-Dawly Models. Molecules 2023; 28:1687. [PMID: 36838675 PMCID: PMC9968051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV) causes cervical and many other cancers. Recent trend in vaccine design is shifted toward epitope-based developments that are more specific, safe, and easy to produce. In this study, we predicted eight immunogenic peptides of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes (MHC class I and II as M1 and M2) including early proteins (E2 and E6), major (L1) and minor capsid protein (L2). Male and female Sprague Dawly rats in groups were immunized with each synthetic peptide. L1M1, L1M2, L2M1, and L2M2 induced significant immunogenic response compared to E2M1, E2M2, E6M1 and E6M2. We observed optimal titer of IgG antibodies (>1.25 g/L), interferon-γ (>64 ng/L), and granzyme-B (>40 pg/mL) compared to control at second booster dose (240 µg/500 µL). The induction of peptide-specific IgG antibodies in immunized rats indicates the T-cell dependent B-lymphocyte activation. A substantial CD4+ and CD8+ cell count was observed at 240 µg/500 µL. In male and female rats, CD8+ cell count for L1 and L2 peptide is 3000 and 3118, and CD4+ is 3369 and 3484 respectively compared to control. In conclusion, we demonstrated that L1M1, L1M2, L2M1, L2M2 are likely to contain potential epitopes for induction of immune responses supporting the feasibility of peptide-based vaccine development for HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Ismail
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Baogang Bai
- School of Information and Technology, Wenzhou Business College, Wenzhou 325015, China
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Medicine, Wenzhou 325000, China
- The 1st School of Medical, School of Information and Engineering, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Jinlei Guo
- School of Medical Engineering, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453513, China
| | - Yuhui Bai
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zureesha Sajid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Syed Aun Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Improved Targeting of Therapeutics by Nanocarrier-Based Delivery in Cancer Immunotherapy and Their Future Perspectives. BIONANOSCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-023-01065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Clinical outcomes of laser vaporization for vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia – a 20-year retrospective review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022; 277:101-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Eriksen DO, Jensen PT, Schroll JB, Hammer A. Human papillomavirus vaccination in women undergoing excisional treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and subsequent risk of recurrence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2022; 101:597-607. [PMID: 35470865 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this review and meta-analysis we aimed to investigate whether human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination administered after excisional treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is associated with a reduced risk of recurrence of CIN grade 2 or worse (CIN2+). MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed a systematic literature search in three online databases through June 2021. Observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible for inclusion if the prophylactic HPV vaccine was administered after excisional treatment for histologically verified CIN. Only English language literature was included. The primary outcome measure was recurrence of CIN2+ after treatment. A meta-analysis was performed using fixed and random-effects models, and results were reported as pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Quality assessment was performed using ROB2-tool for RCTs and ROBINS-I for observational studies. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021238257). RESULTS A total of 1561 studies were identified, of which nine, including 19 971 women, were included. Two studies were RCTs and seven were observational studies. Using the fixed-effect model on the two RCTs, the OR for recurrence of CIN2+ was 0.29 (95% CI 0.16-0.53). Due to considerable heterogeneity in observational studies, the random-effects model was used to estimate pooled OR for CIN2+ recurrence in these studies. Thus, using unadjusted data from observational studies, the OR for CIN2+ recurrence was 0.35 (95% CI 0.18-0.67), whereas when using adjusted data, the OR for CIN2+ recurrence was 0.54 (95% CI 0.21-1.35). However, quality assessment revealed a serious risk of bias for the majority of the studies included. CONCLUSIONS HPV vaccination post-treatment was associated with a significantly reduced risk of CIN2+ recurrence when using unadjusted estimates from observational studies and RCTs. We found no significant effect of HPV vaccination on risk of CIN2+ recurrence when using the outcome measure from observational studies with the least risk of bias. Large, well-designed randomized placebo-controlled trials are needed to determine whether post-treatment HPV vaccination should be recommended to all women undergoing excisional treatment for CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Overgaard Eriksen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, NIDO, Center for Research and Education, Gødstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark
| | - Pernille Tine Jensen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Bennekou Schroll
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Hammer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, NIDO, Center for Research and Education, Gødstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark
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Jasrotia R, Dhanjal DS, Bhardwaj S, Sharma P, Chopra C, Singh R, Kumar A, Mubayi A, Kumar D, Kumar R, Goyal A. Nanotechnology based vaccines: Cervical cancer management and perspectives. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Santos BD, Moreira CS, Teixeira-Santos AC, Carvalho E, Pereira MG. HPV-related quality of life in diagnosed women: A longitudinal study. J Health Psychol 2022; 27:2982-2996. [PMID: 35176887 DOI: 10.1177/13591053211073642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper explored changes in the HPV-related quality of life (QoL) of 209 women diagnosed with human papillomavirus (HPV) during 1 year of medical monitoring, at three time points (6-month interval between them). Participants completed the HPV Impact Profile (HIP) questionnaire to assess HPV-related QoL. The relationship between HIP scores and time was moderated by the HPV risk type and infection duration: an HPV diagnosis had a stronger negative effect on patients with an HPV high-risk type and on those living with HPV for a long period of time. Age, condom use, motherhood, and type of family were significant predictors.
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Yousefi Z, Aria H, Ghaedrahmati F, Bakhtiari T, Azizi M, Bastan R, Hosseini R, Eskandari N. An Update on Human Papilloma Virus Vaccines: History, Types, Protection, and Efficacy. Front Immunol 2022; 12:805695. [PMID: 35154080 PMCID: PMC8828558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.805695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted agent worldwide. Early prevention with HPV vaccination is a safe and effective method against this disease. HPV vaccines provided more protection against several oncogenic HPV strains. Three prophylactic HPV vaccines have been approved to target high-risk HPV types and protect against HPV-related disorders. These existing vaccines are based on the recombinant DNA technology and purified L1 protein that is assembled to form HPV empty shells. The prophylactic vaccines are highly immunogenic and can induce production of specific neutralizing antibodies. However, therapeutic vaccines are different from these prophylactic vaccines. They induced cell-mediated immunity against transformed cells, instead of neutralizing antibodies. The second generation of prophylactic HPV vaccines, made from alternative viral components using cost-effective production strategies, is undergoing clinical evaluation. The purpose of this review is to provide a complete and up-to-date review of the types of HPV vaccines and the efficiency of each of them for readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Yousefi
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Hamid Aria
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Bakhtiari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Azizi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Bastan
- Department of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Karaj University of Medical Sciences, Alborz, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Wu T, Lin B, Li K, Ye J, Wu R. Diagnosis and treatment of uterine artery pseudoaneurysm: Case series and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28093. [PMID: 34941050 PMCID: PMC8702271 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine artery pseudoaneurysm (UAP) is a rare but potentially life-threatening cause of hemorrhage. Nonetheless, its knowledge could be insufficient among obstetricians, gynecologists, and radiologists. We aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of UAP. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed nine female patients diagnosed with UAP at our institute between 2013 and 2020. RESULTS Seven cases presented with a history of traumatic surgery including cesarean section, dilation and curettage, laparoscopic myomectomy, and cervical conization. Two cases occurred after spontaneous vaginal delivery and second-trimester pregnancy termination. The main symptom was heavy/massive/prolonged vaginal bleeding. All patients were first evaluated by color Doppler ultrasonography and three cases were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. Severn patients underwent transarterial embolization (TAE) of the uterine arteries, and two were managed conservatively. All patients had good outcomes. CONCLUSIONS UAP can develop after traumatic pelvic operations and non-traumatic delivery/abortion. It may be more common than previously considered. The risk of rupture may be correlated with multiple factors other than the mass size. TAE of the uterine artery could be an effective management strategy for ruptured UAP. However, some cases can resolve spontaneously without TAE, suggesting that conservative management can be employed in some women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Li
- Department of Radiology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinying Ye
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijin Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, People's Republic of China
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Zhao R, Song J, Jin Y, Liu Y. Long noncoding RNA HOXC-AS3 enhances the progression of cervical cancer via activating ErbB signaling pathway. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:991-1006. [PMID: 34387789 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-10007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence reveals that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to human tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, the function of HOXC cluster antisense RNA 3 (HOXC-AS3) in human cervical cancer (CC) remains largely unknown. The levels of HOXC-AS3, miR-105-5p and SOS1 in CC tissues and cells were monitored by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot (WB). Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were conducted to verify the function of HOXC-AS3 and miR-105-5p in CC cells. Meanwhile, cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were examined by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) experiment, colony formation assay, flow cytometry and Transwell assay. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were carried out to test the regulatory interaction of HOXC-AS3, miR-105-5p and SOS1. In addition, in vivo experiment was performed to certain the role of HOXC-AS3 in tumorigenesis of CC. HOXC-AS3 was overexpressed in CC tissues (vs. adjacent normal tissues) and CC cells. Besides, the higher HOXC-AS3 profile was associated with the poorer clinical prognosis of CC patients. Overexpression of HOXC-AS3 promoted cell growth, migration and invasion, hampered apoptosis, whereas knocking down HOXC-AS3 exhibited the reverse effects. MiR-105-5p was a downstream target of HOXC-AS3, and it mediated the HOXC-AS3-induced oncogenic effects. Mechanistically, the bioinformatic analysis illustrated that SOS1 was targeted by miR-105-5p. Up-regulating SOS1 heightened the growth, migration and invasion of CC cells by enhancing the ErbB signaling pathway, which was reversed by miR-105-5p. Up-regulated HOXC-AS3 aggravates CC by promoting SOS1 expression via targeting miR-105-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runsheng Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, No.136 Jingzhou Street, Xiangcheng, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, No.136 Jingzhou Street, Xiangcheng, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China
| | - Yiqiang Jin
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, No.136 Jingzhou Street, Xiangcheng, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China.
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, No.136 Jingzhou Street, Xiangcheng, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China.
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Gallant D, Tummers P, Weyers S, Merckx M. Single-Dose Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Low- and Middle-Income Countries-Time for Implementation? J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2021; 34:586-590. [PMID: 34144176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although cervical cancer is becoming a rare disease in high income regions, it is still a major health issue in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Cervical cancer develops after infection with a high-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV), an infection against which vaccination has been possible since 2006. Large population immunization programs have been organized in many higher income countries, and yet they have not been implemented in most of the lower and middle-income nations. The cost of the vaccine, as well as the need for two doses impedes coverage in the most vulnerable groups. Studies are suggesting the efficacy of single dose vaccination, but so far only observational data are available while large, randomized, double-blind studies are still ongoing. In order to prevent and combat this disease, it is essential to inform the population of vaccination benefits and offer accessible programs in higher as well as low-and middle-income countries. In this commentary, we wish to focus our attention on the case for implementing single dose vaccination in lower- and middle-income nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Gallant
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Philippe Tummers
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Weyers
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mireille Merckx
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Ghent, Belgium
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Pergialiotis V, Bellos I, Douligeris A, Thomakos N, Rodolakis A, Haidopoulos D. The impact of adjuvant hysterectomy on survival outcomes of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer: A network meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021; 48:261-267. [PMID: 34548217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Various articles have addressed the impact of hysterectomy on survival outcomes of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). This study was designed to evaluate whether treatment modalities that include hysterectomy as an option for the treatment of LACC patients are superior to standard chemo-radiotherapy. METHODS Literature search was performed using the Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science and Clinicaltrials.gov databases. Observational (prospective and retrospective) and randomized trials that included adjuvant hysterectomy in at least one treatment group. A network meta-analysis was carried out in R 3.4.3 using the pcnetmeta package, which uses a Bayesian hierarchical model. The credibility of evidence was appraised with the Confidence In Network Meta-Analysis (CINeMA) tool. RESULTS Overall, 14 studies were included in the present systematic review that involved 2302 patients with LACC. Every potential combination of external beam radiotherapy, intracavitary brachytherapy, chemotherapy and surgery was considered to be eligible for inclusion. The results of the network meta-analysis suggested that the various treatment alternatives did not differ in terms of survival outcomes. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis revealed that hysterectomy was accompanied by considerable perioperative morbidity; therefore, rendering its addition to the treatment scheme of LACC patients inappropriate. CONCLUSIONS Patients with LACC do not seem to benefit substantially by the addition of hysterectomy to standard chemo-radiotherapy. Moreover, the operation is accompanied by substantial perioperative morbidity, thus, its implementation in clinical practice should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilios Pergialiotis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S Christeas, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Bellos
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S Christeas, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Douligeris
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Thomakos
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Rodolakis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Haidopoulos
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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Mousavi T, Valadan R, Rafiei A, Abbasi A, Haghshenas MR. A novel recombinant protein vaccine containing the different E7 proteins of the HPV16, 18, 6, 11 E7 linked to the HIV-1 Tat (47-57) improve cytotoxic immune responses. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:1933-1944. [PMID: 34313864 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human papillomavirus infection (HPV) is the most common viral infection which is causes of cervical, penal, vulvar, anal and, oropharyngeal cancer. E7 protein of HPV is a suitable target for induction of T cell responses and controlling HPV-related cancer. The aim of the current study was to designed and evaluated a novel fusion protein containing the different E7 proteins of the HPV 16, 18, 6 and 11, linked to the cell-penetrating peptide HIV-1 Tat 49-57, in order to improve cytotoxic immune responses in in-vitro and in-vivo. RESULTS In this study whole sequence of HPV16,18,6,11 E7-Tat (47-57) and HPV16,18,6,11 E7 cloned into the vector and expressed in E. coli (BL21). The purified protein was confirmed by SDS page and western blotting and then injected into the C57BL/6 mice. The efficiency of the fusion protein vaccine was assessed by antibody response assay, cytokine assay (IL-4 and IFN-γ), CD + 8 cytotoxicity assay and tumor challenge experiment. Result showed that fusion proteins containing Adjuvant (IFA,CFA) could express higher titer of antibody. Also, we showed that vaccination with E7-Tat and, E7-Tat-ADJ induced high frequencies of E7-specific CD8 + T cells and CD107a expression as well as IFN-γ level and enhanced long-term survival in the therapeutic animal models. CONCLUSION Our finding suggested that this novel fusion protein vaccine was able to induce therapeutic efficacy and immunogenicity by improving CD8 + T cell in TC-1 tumor bearing mice; so this vaccine may be appreciated for research against HPV and tumor immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahoora Mousavi
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center (MCBRC), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center (MCBRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Valadan
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center (MCBRC), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Alireza Rafiei
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center (MCBRC), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Abbasi
- Department of Community Medicine, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Haghshenas
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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15
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Ye G, Wang L, Yang K, Wang C. Fucoxanthin may inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation via downregulation of HIST1H3D. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520964011. [PMID: 33086884 PMCID: PMC7585902 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520964011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the role of fucoxanthin, reported to have significant anticancer effects, and histone Cluster 1 H3 Family Member D (HIST1H3D; implicated in tumorigenesis) in cervical cancer. Methods The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of fucoxanthin against HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cells was determined. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in SiHa cells treated with IC50 fucoxanthin were screened by high-throughput techniques and subjected to signal enrichment. Following identification of HIST1H3D as a candidate gene, HIST1H3D-knockdown models were created via transfection with a short hairpin HIST1H3D payload. Impacts on cell proliferation, cell-cycle distribution, colony formation, and apoptosis were studied. Results The fucoxanthin IC50 was 1 445 and 1 641 µM (Hela and SiHa cells, respectively). Chip results revealed 2 255 DEGs, including 943 upregulated and 1 312 downregulated genes, in fucoxanthin-treated versus untreated SiHa cells. Disease and function analysis indicated that these DEGs are primarily associated with cancer and organismal injuries and abnormalities, and online integrated pathway analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in p53 signalling. HIST1H3D was significantly downregulated in response to fucoxanthin. Inhibition of HIST1H3D mRNA significantly reduced cell proliferation and colony formation, significantly augmented the percentage of apoptotic HeLa and SiHa cells, and cells were arrested in G0/G1 cell cycle phase. Conclusion The results suggest that HIST1H3D may be an oncogene in cervical carcinogenesis and a potential fucoxanthin target in treating cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliu Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Kang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Caizhi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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16
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Shao Y, Zhu F, Zhu S, Bai L. HDAC6 suppresses microRNA-199a transcription and augments HPV-positive cervical cancer progression through Wnt5a upregulation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 136:106000. [PMID: 33933678 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is a major risk factor for the initiation and progression of cervical cancer (CC). This study aimed to explore the role of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in HPV-positive CC and the molecules implicated. Differentially expressed genes between HPV-positive and HPV-negative tissues, and differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in cells after HDAC6 downregulation were identified using microarray analyses. The expression profiles of HDAC6 and miR-199a and their cellular functions were investigated via loss-of-function studies. Xenograft tumors were induced in mice for in vivo studies. HDAC6 and Wnt5a were highly expressed, whereas miR-199a was poorly expressed in HPV-positive CC tissues. Downregulation of HDAC6 reduced proliferation, migration, invasion, and resistance to apoptosis of HPV-positive CC cells. HDAC6 suppressed the transcription of miR-199a, and miR-199a targeted Wnt5a to inactivate the Wnt signaling pathway. Further downregulation of miR-199a blocked the inhibitory effect of HDAC6 silencing on CC cell growth both in vivo and in vitro, whereas further artificial inhibition of Wnt5a inactivated Wnt signaling and blocked the malignant behaviors of CC cells. This study showed that HDAC6 suppresses the transcription of miR-199a and enhances the progression of HPV-positive cervical cancer through upregulation of Wnt5a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shao
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, 516000, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Feibin Zhu
- Department of Burns, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, 516000, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Shuping Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huizhou First People's Hospital, Huizhou, 516000, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li Bai
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, 516000, Guangdong, PR China
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17
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Gersten O, Barbieri M. Evaluation of the Cancer Transition Theory in the US, Select European Nations, and Japan by Investigating Mortality of Infectious- and Noninfectious-Related Cancers, 1950-2018. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e215322. [PMID: 33843999 PMCID: PMC8042523 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.5322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Despite cancer being a leading cause of death worldwide, scant research has been carried out on the validity of the cancer transition theory, the idea that as nations develop, they move from a situation where infectious-related cancers are prominent to one where noninfectious-related cancers dominate. OBJECTIVE To examine whether cancer transitions exist in the US, select European countries, and Japan. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this cross-sectional study, annual cause-of-death data from the 1950s to 2018 for the US, England and Wales, France, Sweden, Norway, and Japan were extracted from the Human Mortality Database and the World Health Organization (WHO). Statistical analysis was performed from April 2020 to February 2021. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Age-standardized death rates for all ages and both sexes combined were estimated for cancers of the stomach, cervix, liver, lung, pancreas, esophagus, colorectum, breast, and prostate. RESULTS The results of the analysis show that for all countries in this study except for Japan, mortality from infectious-related cancers has declined steadily throughout the period, so that by the end of the period, for Norway, England and Wales, Sweden, and the US, rates were approximately 20 deaths per 100 000 population. Regarding noninfectious-related cancers, at the beginning of the period, all countries exhibited an increasing trend in rates, with England and Wales having the greatest peak of 215.1 deaths per 100 000 population (95% CI 213.7-216.6 deaths per 100 000 population) in 1985 followed by a decline, with most of the other countries reaching a peak around 1990 and declining thereafter. Furthermore, there is a visible crossover in the trends for infectious-related and noninfectious-related cancers in Japan and Norway. This crossover occurred in 1988 in Japan, when the rates for both types of cancers stood at 116 per 100 000 population (95% CI, 115.0-116.5 per 100 000 population), and in 1955 in Norway, when they passed each other at 100 per 100 000 population (95% CI, 96.4-105.3 per 100 000 population). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cross-sectional study, the findings suggest that cancer mortality patterns parallel the epidemiological transition, which states that as nations develop, they move from a stage where infectious diseases are prominent to one where noninfectious diseases dominate. An implication is that the epidemiological transition theory as originally formulated continues to be relevant, despite some researchers arguing that there should be additional stages beyond the original 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Gersten
- Nu-Trek, San Diego, California
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of California, San Diego Extension, La Jolla
| | - Magali Barbieri
- Department of Demography, University of California, Berkeley
- French Institute for Demographic Studies, Paris, France
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18
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Infante V, Miyaji KT, Soarez PC, Sartori AMC. Systematic review and meta-analysis of HPV vaccination in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:309-318. [PMID: 33573404 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1889375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to access HPV vaccines' safety and immunogenicity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) women. METHODS The search was conducted in the most relevant databases. Meta-analyses to evaluate seroconversion rates for each HPV vaccine type and SLE flare rates after vaccination were performed. RESULTS We identified 3,467 articles; six papers referring to SLE population were included. Five articles that evaluated vaccine immunogenicity at 7th month after enrollment were included in the meta-analysis. Overall seroconversion rates among SLE participants were 89.3% (95%CI, 0.76-1.00) for HPV6; 92.4% (95%CI, 0.82-1.00) for HPV11; 96.4% (95%CI, 0.93-1.00) for HPV16; and 91.8% (95%CI, 0.85-1.00) for HPV18. Five studies were included in the qualitative analysis of vaccines safety. Pain at the injection site was the most common adverse event (AE). Just one study reported serious AE not related to the vaccine. Flare rate after HPV vaccination was 12,6% (95% CI, 0.04-0.21). CONCLUSION Few studies, small sample size, evaluated HPV vaccines in SLE women. Seroconversion rates in SLE women were like healthy women, but anti-HPV geometric mean titers (GMT) were slightly lower in SLE women. HPV vaccines were safe in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Infante
- Departamento De Molestias Infecciosas E Parasitarias, Faculdade De Medicina Da Universidade De Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Takesaki Miyaji
- Departamento De Molestias Infecciosas E Parasitarias, Faculdade De Medicina Da Universidade De Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Coelhode Soarez
- Departamento De Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade De Medicina Da Universidade De Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Marli Christovam Sartori
- Departamento De Molestias Infecciosas E Parasitarias, Faculdade De Medicina Da Universidade De Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Oumeslakht L, Ababou M, Badaoui B, Qmichou Z. Worldwide genetic variations in high-risk human papillomaviruses capsid L1 gene and their impact on vaccine efficiency. Gene 2021; 782:145533. [PMID: 33636291 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted infection. It is associated with different cancers, mainly cervical cancer, which remains the fourth most frequent cancer among women worldwide; it is also related to anogenital (anus, vulvar, vagina, and penis) and oropharyngeal cancers. Vaccination against HPV infection is the major way of prevention, and it has demonstrated impressive efficacy in reducing cervical cancer incidence. Nowadays, all the licensed HPV recombinant vaccines were designed based on HPV major capsid L1 protein. However, some variations in the HPV L1 gene sequence may induce structural changes within the L1 protein, which may alter the affinity and interaction of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with L1 protein epitopes, and influence host immune response and recognition. Hence, the importance of accuracy in delineating epitopes relevant to vaccine design and defining genetic variations within antigenic regions in the L1 gene to predict its impact on prophylactic vaccine efficiency. The present review reports the sequence variations in HR-HPV L1 gene isolates from different countries around the world, which may help to understand the effect of HPV L1 gene variations on vaccine efficiency. METHODS Research studies were retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science direct, and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. A total of 31 articles describing genetic variations within the major capsid L1 gene and conducted in Africa, Europe, America and Asia were found. Only 26 studies conducted on HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 58, 45 and 52 which are the targets of HPV prophylactic vaccines, and which reported genetic variations within the L1 gene, were selected and evaluated in this review. FINDINGS We found a total of 87, 49, 11, 7, 22, 3, and 17 non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within HPV16, HPV18, HPV31, HPV58, HPV45, and HPV52 L1 gene, respectively. Four mutations were frequently observed in HPV16 L1 sequences: T353P in the HI loop, H228D in the EF loop, T266A in the FG loop, and T292A in the FG loop. Two mutations in HPV58 L1 sequences: T375N in the HI loop and L150F in the DE loop. Three mutations in HPV33 L1 sequences: T56N in the BC loop, G133S in the DE loop, T266K in the FG loop. Other mutations were found in HPV18, HPV45, and HPV52 L1 sequences. Some were found in different countries, and others were specific to a given population. Furthermore, some variations were located on peptide binding epitopes and lead to a modification of epitopes, which may influence MAbs interactions. Others need further investigations due to the lack of studies. CONCLUSION This study investigated the major capsid L1 genetic diversity of HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 58, 45, and 52 circulating in different populations around the world. Further investigations should be conducted to confirm their effect on immunogenicity and prophylactic vaccine efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Oumeslakht
- Medical Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, MAScIR, Rabat, Morocco; Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mouna Ababou
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Bouabid Badaoui
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Zineb Qmichou
- Medical Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, MAScIR, Rabat, Morocco.
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20
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Du J, Ährlund-Richter A, Näsman A, Dalianis T. Human papilloma virus (HPV) prevalence upon HPV vaccination in Swedish youth: a review based on our findings 2008-2018, and perspectives on cancer prevention. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 303:329-335. [PMID: 33247317 PMCID: PMC7858554 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05879-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Three human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are available against up to nine HPV types. In Sweden, from 2012, Gardasil was offered to 10-12 year old girls through the school-based vaccination program, and as catchup vaccination for women up to 26 years. To obtain a baseline, and follow HPV vaccination effects, during 2008-2018, cervical and oral HPV prevalence were followed at a youth clinic in Stockholm, and in 2013 for comparison oral HPV prevalence was examined in high-school youth in a middle-sized county in Sweden. METHODS In this review, we discuss all our data with cervical and oral mouthwash samples that were collected and tested for 24-27 HPV types by a bead-based multiplex assay from 2008. RESULTS Compared with 2008-2011, with ~ 35% HPV16 and > 60% high risk (HR) HPV cervical prevalence at the youth clinic, a decrease of vaccine HPV types was observed between 2013 and 2018, with e.g., HPV16 falling to 5% in catchup vaccinated women and 15-18% in nonvaccinated women. Most common cervical HR-HPV types were HPV39, 51, 52, 56, and 59 together accounting for ~ 10% of cervical cancer, and where only HPV52 is included in Gardasil-9. At baseline 2009-2011, oral HPV prevalence was ~ 10% in unvaccinated youth at the youth clinic, but after 2013 it dropped to < 2% at the youth clinic and high schools. CONCLUSION To conclude, Gardasil HPV types have decreased, but it is still important to follow remaining HR-HPV types and cancer development, since there is an ongoing increase in the incidence of HPV-associated tonsillar and base of tongue cancer, and cervical cancer in Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome Research (CTMR), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | - Anders Näsman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tina Dalianis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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21
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Khan A, Dias F, Neekhra S, Singh B, Srivastava R. Designing and Immunomodulating Multiresponsive Nanomaterial for Cancer Theranostics. Front Chem 2021; 8:631351. [PMID: 33585406 PMCID: PMC7878384 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.631351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has been widely investigated yet limited in its manifestation. Cancer treatment holds innovative and futuristic strategies considering high disease heterogeneity. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are the most explored pillars; however optimal therapeutic window and patient compliance recruit constraints. Recently evolved immunotherapy demonstrates a vital role of the host immune system to prevent metastasis recurrence, still undesirable clinical response and autoimmune adverse effects remain unresolved. Overcoming these challenges, tunable biomaterials could effectively control the co-delivery of anticancer drugs and immunomodulators. Current status demands a potentially new approach for minimally invasive, synergistic, and combinatorial nano-biomaterial assisted targeted immune-based treatment including therapeutics, diagnosis and imaging. This review discusses the latest findings of engineering biomaterial with immunomodulating properties and implementing novel developments in designing versatile nanosystems for cancer theranostics. We explore the functionalization of nanoparticle for delivering antitumor therapeutic and diagnostic agents promoting immune response. Through understanding the efficacy of delivery system, we have enlightened the applicability of nanomaterials as immunomodulatory nanomedicine further advancing to preclinical and clinical trials. Future and present ongoing improvements in engineering biomaterial could result in generating better insight to deal with cancer through easily accessible immunological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amreen Khan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Faith Dias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Thadomal Shahani Engineering College, Mumbai, India
| | - Suditi Neekhra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Barkha Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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22
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Farmer E, Cheng MA, Hung CF, Wu TC. Vaccination Strategies for the Control and Treatment of HPV Infection and HPV-Associated Cancer. Recent Results Cancer Res 2021; 217:157-195. [PMID: 33200366 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-57362-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection, currently affecting close to 80 million Americans. Importantly, HPV infection is recognized as the etiologic factor for numerous cancers, including cervical, vulval, vaginal, penile, anal, and a subset of oropharyngeal cancers. The prevalence of HPV infection and its associated diseases are a significant problem, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Likewise, the incidence of HPV infection poses a significant burden on individuals and the broader healthcare system. Between 2011 and 2015, there were an estimated 42,700 new cases of HPV-associated cancers each year in the United States alone. Similarly, the global burden of HPV is high, with around 630,000 new cases of HPV-associated cancer occurring each year. In the last decade, a total of three preventive major capsid protein (L1) virus-like particle-based HPV vaccines have been licensed and brought to market as a means to prevent the spread of HPV infection. These prophylactic vaccines have been demonstrated to be safe and efficacious in preventing HPV infection. The most recent iteration of the preventive HPV vaccine, a nanovalent, L1-VLP vaccine, protects against a total of nine HPV types (seven high-risk and two low-risk HPV types), including the high-risk types HPV16 and HPV18, which are responsible for causing the majority of HPV-associated cancers. Although current prophylactic HPV vaccines have demonstrated huge success in preventing infection, existing barriers to vaccine acquisition have limited their widespread use, especially in low- and middle-income countries, where the burden of HPV-associated diseases is highest. Prophylactic vaccines are unable to provide protection to individuals with existing HPV infections or HPV-associated diseases. Instead, therapeutic HPV vaccines capable of generating T cell-mediated immunity against HPV infection and associated diseases are needed to ameliorate the burden of disease in individuals with existing HPV infection. To generate a cell-mediated immune response against HPV, most therapeutic vaccines target HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7. Several types of therapeutic HPV vaccine candidates have been developed including live-vector, protein, peptide, dendritic cell, and DNA-based vaccines. This chapter will review the commercially available prophylactic HPV vaccines and discuss the recent progress in the development of therapeutic HPV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Farmer
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Max A Cheng
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - T-C Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Cancer Research Building II, Room 309, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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23
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Sala P, Bogliolo S, Barra F, Fazio A, Maramai M, Cassani C, Gardella B, Babilonti L, Giannelli F, Mammoliti S, Spinillo A, Ferrero S, Valenzano Menada M, Costantini S, Bruzzi P, Marchiolè P. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Radical Surgery versus Concurrent Chemo-Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis. J INVEST SURG 2020; 35:308-314. [PMID: 33289585 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2020.1856239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate oncological outcomes in women affected by locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy before radical surgery (NACT + RS) or concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT). METHODS This was a multicenter retrospective analysis of data related to women with LACC (FIGO stage IB2-IVA), who were treated by NACT + RS or CCRT between November 2006 and January 2018. The first endpoints were the evaluation of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS); univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for identifying the prognostic factors independently associated with these oncological outcomes. RESULTS Overall, 106 women were included in the analysis; 55 of them (51.9%) underwent NACT + RS and 51 (48.1%) CCRT, respectively. Patients in the NACT + RS group had a significant better five-year DFS and five-year OS than those in the CCRT group (77.4% vs. 33.4%, p < .001 and 93.8% vs. 56.5%, p = .003). In the multivariate analyses, treatment choice (NACT + RS or CCRT) was the only independent prognostic factor for predicting both DFS (HR = 3.954; 95 CI = 1.898-8.236; p < 0.001) and OS (HR = 5.330; 95 CI = 1.563-18.178; p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS This retrospective study demonstrated an improved survival outcome for patients undergoing NACT + RS compared with those undergoing CCRT. Our findings seem to support the use of NACT before RS as an effective alternative option to CCRT standard therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Sala
- Unit of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Bogliolo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Service of Medical and Surgical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Division of Gynecology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Barra
- Academic Unit of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fazio
- Academic Unit of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mattia Maramai
- Academic Unit of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Cassani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Service of Medical and Surgical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Barbara Gardella
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Service of Medical and Surgical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luciana Babilonti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Service of Medical and Surgical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Flavio Giannelli
- Unit of Radiotherapy, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Serafina Mammoliti
- Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Arsenio Spinillo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Service of Medical and Surgical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Ferrero
- Academic Unit of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Valenzano Menada
- Academic Unit of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sergio Costantini
- Academic Unit of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Bruzzi
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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24
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Cornthwaite K, Bahl R, Lenguerrand E, Winter C, Kingdom J, Draycott T. Impacted foetal head at caesarean section: a national survey of practice and training. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2020; 41:360-366. [PMID: 32723197 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2020.1780422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This is a national survey of UK obstetric trainees and consultant labour ward leads designed to investigate the current practice and training for an impacted foetal head (IFH) at Caesarean Section (CS). An anonymous, on-line survey was disseminated to trainees via Postgraduate Schools and RCOG trainee representatives, and to labour ward leads via their national network. Three hundred and forty-five obstetric trainees and consultants responded. The results show that IFH is variably defined and encountered by most UK obstetricians (98% had encountered IFH and 76% had experienced it before full cervical dilatation). There is significant variation in management strategies, although most respondents would use a vaginal push up to assist delivery prior to reverse breech extraction. Responses revealed a paucity of training and lack of confidence in disimpaction techniques: over one in ten respondents had not received any training for IFH and less than half had received instruction in reverse breech extraction.Impact statementWhat is already known on the subject? IFH is an increasingly recognised, technically challenging complication of intrapartum CS. A recent report suggested that birth injuries associated with IFH are now as common as with shoulder dystocia. However, there is no consensus nor guidelines regarding the best practice for management or training.What do the results of this study add? This study demonstrates that IFH is poorly defined and commonly encountered by UK obstetricians. It highlights that IFH is not restricted to CS at full dilatation and reveals the ubiquity of the vaginal push method in UK practice. We found evidence that UK obstetricians are using techniques which have not been investigated and are not recommended for managing an IFH. Moreover, this survey is an eye-opener as to the paucity of training, highlighting that UK obstetric trainees are not adequately prepared to manage this emergency.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? There is a pressing need to standardise the definition, guidance and training for IFH at CS. Further research should clarify the appropriate techniques for IFH and establish consensus for the best practice. An evidence-based simulation training package, which allows clinicians to learn and practice recognised disimpaction techniques is urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Cornthwaite
- Women's Health Department, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.,Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rachna Bahl
- Women's Health Department, University Hospital Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Erik Lenguerrand
- Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Cathy Winter
- Women's Health Department, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - John Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tim Draycott
- Women's Health Department, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
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25
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Barra F, Della Corte L, Noberasco G, Foreste V, Riemma G, Di Filippo C, Bifulco G, Orsi A, Icardi G, Ferrero S. Advances in therapeutic vaccines for treating human papillomavirus-related cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2020; 46:989-1006. [PMID: 32390320 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the etiologic agent of the majority of cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) and cervical cancers. While prophylactic HPV vaccines prevent infections from the main high-risk HPV types associated with cervical cancer, alternative nonsurgical and nonablative therapeutics to treat HPV infection and preinvasive HPV diseases have been experimentally investigated. Therapeutic vaccines are an emerging investigational strategy. This review aims to introduce the results of the main clinical trials on the use of therapeutic vaccines for treating HPV infection and -related CIN, reporting the ongoing studies on this field. METHODS Data research was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Sciences, Scopus, ClinicalTrial.gov, OVID and Cochrane Library querying for all articles related to therapeutic vaccines for the treatment of HPV-related CIN. Selection criteria included randomized clinical trials, nonrandomized controlled studies and review articles. RESULTS Preliminary data are available on the evaluation of therapeutic vaccines for treating cervical HPV infections and CIN. Despite having in vitro demonstrated to obtain humoral and cytotoxic responses, therapeutic vaccines have not yet clinically demonstrated consistent success; moreover, each class of therapeutic vaccines has advantages and limitations. Early clinical data are available in the literature for these compounds, except for MVA E2, which reached the phase III clinical trial status, obtaining positive clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION Despite promising results, to date many obstacles are still present before hypothesize an introduction in the clinical practice within the next years. Further studies will draw a definitive conclusion on the role of therapeutic vaccines in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Barra
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luigi Della Corte
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Noberasco
- Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Virginia Foreste
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Riemma
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Di Filippo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Orsi
- Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,HygieneUnit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Icardi
- Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,HygieneUnit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Ferrero
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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26
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Barra F, Gallo G, Evangelisti G, Gustavino C, Centurioni MG, Alessandri F, Ferrero S. Pelvic Sentinel Lymph Node Detection: An Increasing Role in Surgical Approaches for Early-Stage Gynecological Malignant Diseases. J INVEST SURG 2020; 34:1119-1120. [PMID: 32354295 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2020.1761489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Barra
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Italy
| | - Gaetano Gallo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giulio Evangelisti
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Gustavino
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Franco Alessandri
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Simone Ferrero
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Italy
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27
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Xia C, He Z, Cai Y. Quantitative proteomics analysis of differentially expressed proteins induced by astragaloside IV in cervical cancer cell invasion. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:25. [PMID: 32265995 PMCID: PMC7110762 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer remains the second leading cause of mortality in women in developing countries. While surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and vaccine therapy are being applied for its treatment, individually or in combination, the survival rate in advanced cervical cancer patients is still very low. Traditional Chinese medicine has been found to be effective in the treatment of cervical cancer. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a compound belonging to Astragalus polysaccharides, shows anticancer activity through several cell signaling pathways. However, the detailed molecular mechanism governing the anticancer activity of AS-IV remains unknown. Material and methods In our study, we performed tumor xenograft analysis, transwell cell migration and invasion assay, Western blot analysis, and iTRAQ combination by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis to study the molecular mechanism of AS-IV in the suppression of cervical cancer cell invasion. Results Our results showed that AS-IV suppressed cervical cancer cell invasion and induced autophagy in them, with the tumor growth curve increasing slowly. We also identified 32 proteins that were differentially expressed in the SiHa cells when treated with AS-IV, with 16 of them involved in the upregulation and 16 in the downregulation of these cells. These differentially expressed proteins, which were predominantly actin–myosin complexes, controlled cell proliferation and cell development by steroid binding and altering the composition of the cell cytoskeleton. DCP1A and TMSB4X, the two proteins regulating autophagy, increased in cervical cancer cells when treated with AS-IV. Conclusions We conclude that AS-IV could inhibit cervical cancer invasion by inducing autophagy in cervical cancer cells. Since iTRAQ combination by PRM has been observed to be useful in identifying macromolecular target compounds, it may be considered as a novel strategy in the screening of anticancer compounds used in the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglai Xia
- 1Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, 11 Renmin Xi Street, Foshan, 528000 China
| | - Zhihong He
- 1Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, 11 Renmin Xi Street, Foshan, 528000 China
| | - Yantao Cai
- 2Department of Dermatology and Pheumatology, South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, 11 Renmin Xi Street, Foshan, 528000 China
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28
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Della Corte L, Barra F, Foreste V, Giampaolino P, Evangelisti G, Ferrero S, Bifulco G. Advances in paclitaxel combinations for treating cervical cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 21:663-677. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1724284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Della Corte
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Barra
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS AOU San Martino – IST, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (Dinogmi), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Virginia Foreste
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Giampaolino
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulio Evangelisti
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS AOU San Martino – IST, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (Dinogmi), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Ferrero
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS AOU San Martino – IST, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (Dinogmi), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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29
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Näsman A, Du J, Dalianis T. A global epidemic increase of an HPV-induced tonsil and tongue base cancer - potential benefit from a pan-gender use of HPV vaccine. J Intern Med 2020; 287:134-152. [PMID: 31733108 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In 2007, human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 was finally recognized as a risk factor, besides smoking and alcohol, for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), including tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), by the International Agency for Research against Cancer. Just before, in 2006, the Food and Drug Administration had approved Gardasil, the first vaccine against HPV16, 18, 6 and 11, for preventive vaccination women against cervical cancer. Concurrently, some Western countries, where smoking was decreasing, disclosed an epidemic increase in the incidence of OPSCC, especially of TSCC and base of tongue cancer (BOTSCC), together accounting for 80-90% of all OPSCCs, and mainly affecting men. The epidemic was later revealed to be due to a rise in HPV-positive cases, and scientists in the field suggested HPV vaccination also of boys. Globally, there are roughly 96 000 incident OPSCC cases/year of which 20-24% are caused by HPV, thereby accounting for around 22 000 OPSCC cases annually. Of these cases, 80-90% are due to HPV16 infection and would be prevented with the presently registered HPV vaccines. In Western countries, such as Sweden (with almost 400 TSCC and BOTSCC cases per year) and the United States, HPV prevalence in OPSCC is higher and around 70%. HPV vaccination of girls has been initiated in many countries, and the vaccines have been efficient and their side effects limited. HPV vaccination of boys has, however, been the exception, but should definitely not be delayed any further. It would benefit both girls and boys directly, and result in better and more robust herd immunity. Today, we have the possibility to eliminate several high-risk HPV types in the younger generations and avoid more than 600 000 cancer cases annually worldwide, and this possibility should be embraced by offering global pan-gender HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Näsman
- From the, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Du
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor Biology and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome Research (CTMR), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Dalianis
- From the, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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30
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iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of the inhibition of cervical cancer cell invasion and migration by metformin. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 123:109762. [PMID: 31864213 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years the anti-diabetic drug metformin has been shown to inhibit tumor growth, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Our previous results showed that metformin can destroy the sponge effect of long-chain non-coding RNA MALAT1/miR-142-3p and inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer cells. Metformin can inhibit the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and synergizes with Nelfinavir to inhibit the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells. In this study, we used iTRAQ-based proteomics, mass spectrometry-based targeted proteomics, immunoblotting, and bioinformatics to analyze the molecular mechanism by which metformin inhibits the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells. We found that 53 proteins were differentially expressed in cervical cancer cells after metformin treatment, of which 20 were up-regulated and 33 were down-regulated. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the 53 differentially expressed proteins are negative regulators of receptor signaling that inhibit cell growth and are mainly enriched in cell growth and apoptosis signaling pathways. We performed PRM verification on 11 of the differentially expressed proteins and found that they were all associated with apoptosis. We also found that metformin up-regulated the expression of the tumor suppressor IGFBP7 to inhibit the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Our results indicate that metformin mainly regulates the insulin signaling pathway and interferes with cell proliferation and apoptosis to inhibit proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells. These differentially expressed proteins may become new targets for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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31
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Seven years prevalence and distribution of high and low risk HPV genotypes in women living in the metropolitan area of Naples. Cancer Epidemiol 2019; 63:101625. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.101625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Šterbenc A, Triglav T, Poljak M. An update on prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines: a review of key literature published between September 2018 and September 2019. ACTA DERMATOVENEROLOGICA ALPINA PANNONICA ET ADRIATICA 2019. [DOI: 10.15570/actaapa.2019.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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