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Rafique H, Safdar A, Ghani MU, Akbar A, Awan FI, Naeem Z, Amar A, Awan MF, Wajahat Ullah S, Shaikh RS. Exploring the diversity of CFTR gene mutations in cystic fibrosis individuals of South Asia. J Asthma 2024; 61:511-519. [PMID: 38153325 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2023.2297365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. This study aimed to identify the spectrum of CFTR variants reported in individuals with CF from South Asia (ISA). DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION We conducted a PubMed search for CFTR variants reported in ISA. Full text of original articles and case reports was read to compile data on reported variants. To gather additional data, we independently cross-referenced each variant with the CFTR Mutation Database and ClinVar. RESULTS Our investigation identified a total of 92 CFTR variants reported across 30 articles. The most frequently tested, and reported variant was ΔF508 with a global frequency of 69.74%. Notably, we found 14 pathogenic CFTR mutations shared among ISA, originating from more than one South Asian country: ΔF508, 1525-1 G > A, G542X, S549N, R117H, S549R, R709X, V456A, Y569D, L1077P, 1161delC, 1898 + 1 G > T, G551D, and 2184insA. CONCLUSION In summary, the higher prevalence of consanguinity and the limited availability of CF diagnostic resources in South Asia considerably contribute to the prevalence of genetic disorders like CF. The spectrum of CFTR mutations exhibits noticeable variations within South Asian and other populations. The inclusion of current study-enlisted CFTR gene variants is highly recommended for CF disease genetic testing in South Asia which may aid in achieving a precise diagnosis, enhancing disease management, and discovering drugs for currently untreatable genetic variants. It is also imperative to conduct a comprehensive study in this region, especially in previously unexplored countries such as Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, and Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rafique
- Precision Genomics Research Lab, Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anum Safdar
- Precision Genomics Research Lab, Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Ghani
- Precision Genomics Research Lab, Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Akbar
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals, NHS TRUST, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Farheena Iqbal Awan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zartashay Naeem
- Precision Genomics Research Lab, Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Amar
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Kala Shah Kaku, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Wajahat Ullah
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Nisar T, Arshad K, Abbas Z, Khan MA, Safdar S, Shaikh RS, Saeed A. Prevalence of GCKR rs1260326 Variant in Subjects with Obesity Associated NAFLD and T2DM: A Case-Control Study in South Punjab, Pakistan. J Obes 2023; 2023:6661858. [PMID: 37829557 PMCID: PMC10567336 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6661858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) regulates glycogen metabolism and insulin secretion, and the GCKR rs1260326 is a putative single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with metabolic disorders including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study was conducted to investigate the genetic association of the GCKR rs1260326 in NAFLD and T2DM in our population. NAFLD (n = 103), T2DM (n = 100), and control (n = 100) samples were collected and genotyped for GCKR rs1260326 by tetra-arm PCR. The genetic variant GCKR rs1260326 was significantly linked with NAFLD and T2DM, while the GCKR rs1260326 was significantly associated with the progression of obesity only in NAFLD subjects. The frequency of the C allele (mutant) was higher in both NAFLD (f = 0.69) and T2DM (f = 0.66) subjects as compared to healthy controls of NAFLD (0.52) and T2DM (f = 0.32). The frequency of the C allele was also positively linked with the progression of obesity in both diseases. The frequency of the C allele was 0.66, 0.67, and 0.74 in NAFLD normal weight, overweight, and obese subjects, respectively, while the frequency of the C allele was 0.60, 0.60, and 0.74 in T2DM in normal weight, overweight, and obese subjects, respectively. Homozygous mutant (CC) was 53% in both NAFLD and T2DM subjects, while heterozygous mutant (CT) was 15.53% in NAFLD and 22% in T2DM subjects. Wild-type allele (TT) was 31.06% in NAFLD and 25% in T2DM subjects. In conclusion, the GCKR rs1260326 is a highly prevalent SNP in NAFLD and T2DM subjects, which possibly contributed to obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic disorders in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayyaba Nisar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Kashan Arshad
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Pediatric Unit-1, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad 38800, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Abbas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Maira Ali Khan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | | | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Saeed
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713, Netherlands
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Zafar S, Khurram H, Kamran M, Fatima M, Parvaiz A, Shaikh RS. Potential of GJA8 gene variants in predicting age-related cataract: A comparison of supervised machine learning methods. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286243. [PMID: 37651414 PMCID: PMC10470928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cataracts are the problems associated with the crystallins proteins of the eye lens. Any perturbation in the conformity of these proteins results in a cataract. Age-related cataract is the most common type among all cataracts as it accounts for almost 80% of cases of senile blindness worldwide. This research study was performed to predict the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the GJA8 gene with age-related cataracts in 718 subjects (400 age-related cataract patients and 318 healthy individuals). A comparison of supervised machine learning classification algorithm including logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were presented to predict the age-related cataracts. The results indicated that LR is the best for predicting age-related cataracts. This successfully developed model after accounting different genetic and demographic factors to predict cataracts will help in effective disease management and decision-making medical practitioner and experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Zafar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Haris Khurram
- Department of Sciences and Humanities, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Chiniot-Faisalabad Campus, Chiniot, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Islamabad Medical & Dental college, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Madeeha Fatima
- Department of Zoology, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Parvaiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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4
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Irfan M, Chang SC, Iqbal RK, Tanveer M, Asif M, Khan A, Nasreen N, Atif FA, Shaikh RS, Aktas M, Ben Said M, Iqbal F, Chen CC. Seasonality, epidemiology and phylogeny of Theileria ovis with a note on hematological and biochemical changes in asymptomatic infected goats from Pakistan. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290620. [PMID: 37643200 PMCID: PMC10464961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Caprine theileriosis, caused by Theileria ovis is a serious production issue, especially in the areas that depend on goats and sheep for milk, meat, and other economic benefits. Pakistan has a large goat population, but few reports have been documented from this country regarding PCR-based detection of T. ovis. The molecular prevalence of T. ovis, on a seasonal basis, in various goat breeds enrolled from Muzaffar Garh district of Punjab in Pakistan was determined from October 2018 to September 2019. In this study, 1084 goat blood samples were screened for the detection of T. ovis DNA through PCR-based amplification of 18S rRNA gene. Out of 1084 goats, 12 (1.11%) were infected with T. ovis. The parasite prevalence varied with the sampling seasons (Chi square test, P = 0.008), and the parasite prevalence was highest in goat blood samples collected in summer (2.39%) followed by winter (1.88%). DNA sequencing and BLAST analysis confirmed the presence of T. ovis, and the amplified isolates from the 18S rRNA gene of T. ovis were found to be highly conserved during phylogenetic analysis. Young goats (Fischer exact test, P = 0.022) were found more infected with T. ovis during the winter season. Infected goats had elevated white blood cell counts (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.04), blood urea nitrogen to Creatinine ratio (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.02) and decreased serum Creatinine (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.001) as compared to T. ovis negative goats. We report a relatively low molecular prevalence of T. ovis in goats from the Muzaffar Garh district. However, it is recommended that control measures to eradicate T. ovis infection in goats in this area should be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shun-Chung Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Rana Khalid Iqbal
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tanveer
- Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Adil Khan
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nasreen Nasreen
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Ahmad Atif
- Medicine Section, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-campus of University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Munir Aktas
- Department of Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mourad Ben Said
- Department of Basic Sciences, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Microbiology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Furhan Iqbal
- Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Chien-Chin Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Taina, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Rafiq A, Zareen G, Akbar S, Asif M, Ahmed N, Bibi N, Habiba U, Khan AU, Shaikh RS, Iqbal F. Association of genotypes at rs438228855 in bovine SLC35A3 receptor gene of Pakistani cattle with the susceptibility to develop complex vertebral malformation. Reprod Domest Anim 2023. [PMID: 36932867 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to report the genotype and allelic frequency at rs438228855 (G > T) in SLC35A3 receptor gene and its association with a complex vertebral malformation (CMV) in the enrolled Pakistani cattle. Our results indicated that allelic and genotype frequency at rs438228855 varied non-significantly (p > .05) among the three enrolled cattle breeds. GT (heterozygous) genotype was most abundant (0.54) followed by GG (wild type) genotype (0.45) while the mutant genotype (TT) was not observed among the enrolled cattle. It was observed that the Holstein Friesian breed had more GG (wild) than GT (heterozygous) genotypes while Sahiwal and cross cattle breed had more heterozygous (GT) combination at rs438228855 than the wild (GG) genotype. Significant variations in white blood cell count, % lymphocytes, red blood cell count, % monocytes, haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration were observed when compared between the enrolled cattle breeds. Most of the studied haematological parameters showed no association with the genotype at rs438228855. In conclusion, the heterozygosity at rs438228855 is not limited to the Holstein Friesian breed as local Sahiwal and crossbred cattle had also higher heterozygosity at rs438228855. We recommend that animals must be genotyped for rs438228855 before their selection as breeders to prevent economic losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambar Rafiq
- Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Gul Zareen
- Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sana Akbar
- Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Ahmed
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nashra Bibi
- Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ume Habiba
- Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Furhan Iqbal
- Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Ismail M, Bai B, Guo J, Bai Y, Sajid Z, Muhammad SA, Shaikh RS. Experimental Validation of MHC Class I and II Peptide-Based Potential Vaccine Candidates for Human Papilloma Virus Using Sprague-Dawly Models. Molecules 2023; 28:1687. [PMID: 36838675 PMCID: PMC9968051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV) causes cervical and many other cancers. Recent trend in vaccine design is shifted toward epitope-based developments that are more specific, safe, and easy to produce. In this study, we predicted eight immunogenic peptides of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes (MHC class I and II as M1 and M2) including early proteins (E2 and E6), major (L1) and minor capsid protein (L2). Male and female Sprague Dawly rats in groups were immunized with each synthetic peptide. L1M1, L1M2, L2M1, and L2M2 induced significant immunogenic response compared to E2M1, E2M2, E6M1 and E6M2. We observed optimal titer of IgG antibodies (>1.25 g/L), interferon-γ (>64 ng/L), and granzyme-B (>40 pg/mL) compared to control at second booster dose (240 µg/500 µL). The induction of peptide-specific IgG antibodies in immunized rats indicates the T-cell dependent B-lymphocyte activation. A substantial CD4+ and CD8+ cell count was observed at 240 µg/500 µL. In male and female rats, CD8+ cell count for L1 and L2 peptide is 3000 and 3118, and CD4+ is 3369 and 3484 respectively compared to control. In conclusion, we demonstrated that L1M1, L1M2, L2M1, L2M2 are likely to contain potential epitopes for induction of immune responses supporting the feasibility of peptide-based vaccine development for HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Ismail
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Baogang Bai
- School of Information and Technology, Wenzhou Business College, Wenzhou 325015, China
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Medicine, Wenzhou 325000, China
- The 1st School of Medical, School of Information and Engineering, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Jinlei Guo
- School of Medical Engineering, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453513, China
| | - Yuhui Bai
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zureesha Sajid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Syed Aun Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Jin Q, Raza SH, Yousaf M, Munawar R, Shah AA, Hassan S, Shaikh RS, Ogadimma EC. Ingraining Polio Vaccine Acceptance through Public Service Advertisements in the Digital Era: The Moderating Role of Misinformation, Disinformation, Fake News, and Religious Fatalism. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1733. [PMID: 36298598 PMCID: PMC9610005 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, misinformation and disinformation, as well as fake news, have become global threats to public health owing to their role in spreading viral health hazard information. The growing explosive religious fatalistic views presented on social media and widespread misinformation, disinformation, and fake news can result in detrimental outcomes in adopting protective behavior. The moderating implications of misinformation and religious fatalism can be severe, leading to adverse effects on polio vaccine acceptance. Consequently, this research provides brief empirical evidence on the efficacy of risk communication strategies to address polio vaccine reluctance in a digital age landscape, an area that remains understudied. This research argues that the spread of misinformation, disinformation, fake news, and religious fatalism is not solely the bane of the polio vaccine, but rather represents the absence of risk communication strategies. The study opines that polio vaccine acceptance can be improved using risk communication strategies. Recognizing these risk factors and counter-risk communication strategies, this research tested a theoretical model using the cross-sectional survey design. Overall, data was collected from 2160 parents with children aged below five years. The results, based on structural equation modeling, revealed that public service advertisements are an effective tool to counter the inverse impacts of misinformation, disinformation, fake news, and religious fatalism. Furthermore, the inverse moderating role of misinformation, disinformation, fake news, and religious fatalism has been verified to potentially diminish polio vaccine acceptance. These results suggest that healthcare providers must identify and address all forms of digitally disseminated information that encumbers public health behaviors. Accordingly, this research recognized the utilization of evidence-based strategic communication campaigns to cultivate and encourage the literacy necessary to counter health hazard information, including misinformation. This study's findings will benefit health and other concerned authorities in utilizing strategic communication on different media platforms to reduce or eradicate the polio endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Jin
- Intercultural Communication Research Center, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Syed Hassan Raza
- Institute of Media and Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yousaf
- Centre for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Munawar
- Department of Mass Communication, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali Shah
- Institute of Media and Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Saima Hassan
- District Headquarter Hospital, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Emenyonu C. Ogadimma
- College of Communication, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Abid K, Bukhari S, Asif M, Sattar A, Arshad M, Aktas M, Ozubek S, Shaikh RS, Iqbal F. Molecular detection and prevalence of Theileria ovis and Anaplasma marginale in sheep blood samples collected from Layyah district in Punjab, Pakistan. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:439. [PMID: 34402970 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Theileria ovis and Anaplasma marginale are intracellular pathogens affecting a wide range of animals, causing huge economic losses worldwide. The present study reports the molecular evidence of Theileria ovis and Anaplasma marginale in sheep blood samples (N = 218) collected from Layyah district in Punjab (Pakistan), where economy heavily relies on livestock. A 520 base pair fragment specific for 18S ribosomal RNA gene of Theileria ovis was PCR amplified in 23/218 (10.6%) sheep blood samples, while for Anaplasma marginale, a 265 base pair fragment specific for msp1b gene was generated in 15/218 (6.9%) sheep blood samples. Two blood samples were found co-infected (0.9%) with both parasites. Amplified PCR products of both parasites were confirmed by DNA sequencing and submitted to GenBank. Prevalence of both Theileria ovis (p = 0.3) and Anaplasma marginale (p = 0.4) varied non-significantly among the investigated sheep breeds. Tick burden on dogs present with sheep herds was found associated with Theileria ovis infection in sheep (p = 0.05). It was observed that lambs (p = 0.009), sheep in small herds (p = 0.04), and tick burden on dogs present with sheep herds (p = 0.01) were associated with Anaplasma marginale infection in sheep during the present study. In conclusion, we are reporting a higher prevalence of Theileria ovis than Anaplasma marginale in blood samples of sheep collected from Layyah district. Tick-infested dogs were found to be risk factors for the transmission of both pathogens in sheep, and tick control strategies should be extended to dogs associated with sheep herds in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Abid
- Institute of, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sundas Bukhari
- Institute of, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Institute of, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Sattar
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Arshad
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Munir Aktas
- Department of Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Firat, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Sezayi Ozubek
- Department of Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Firat, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Furhan Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
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Ismail M, Sajid Z, Ali A, Wu X, Muhammad SA, Shaikh RS. Prediction of Prophylactic Peptide Vaccine Candidates for Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Immunoinformatics and Reverse Vaccinology Approaches. CURR PROTEOMICS 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1570164617999200505095802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. We predicted
immunogenic promiscuous monovalent and polyvalent T-cell epitopes from the polyprotein of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) using a range
of bioinformatics tools and servers.
Methods:
We used immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology-based approaches to design prophylactic
peptides by antigenicity analysis, T-cell epitopes prediction, proteasomal and conservancy
evaluation, host-pathogen protein interactions, and in silico binding affinity analysis.
Results:
We found two early proteins (E2 and E6) and two late proteins (L1 and L2) of HPV as potential vaccine candidates. Of these proteins
(E2, E6, L1 & L2), 2-epitopes of each candidate protein for multiple alleles of MHC class I and II bearing significant binding affinity (>-6.0
kcal/mole). These potential epitopes for CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were also linked to design polyvalent construct using GPGPG linkers. Cholera
toxin B and mycobacterial heparin-binding hemagglutinin adjuvant with a molecular weight of 12.5 and 18.5 kDa were used for epitopes of
CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells respectively. The molecular docking indicated the optimum binding affinity of HPV peptides with MHC molecules.
This interaction showed that our predicted vaccine candidates are suitable to trigger the host immune system to prevent HPV infections.
Conclusion:
The predicted conserved T-cell epitopes would contribute to the imminent design of HPV vaccine candidates, which will be able
to induce a broad range of immune-responses in a heterogeneous HLA population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Ismail
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Zureesha Sajid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- ASAB, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Syed Aun Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
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Aslam S, Khosa T, Akbar A, Latif M, Chaudhary MA, Shaikh RS, Iqbal F. Single nucleotide polymorphism (rs7543472) in EPHA2 gene is associated with age-related cataract in subjects enrolled from Multan in southern Punjab: A case-control study. J PAK MED ASSOC 2021; 70:583-590. [PMID: 32296199 DOI: 10.5455/jpma.6232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To examine whether Ephrin type A receptor 2 gene polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to age-related cataract. METHODS The case-control study was conducted from January to May 2014 in Multan, Pakistan, and comprised patients of age-related cataract enrolled from Nishtar Hospital, Multan, and age-matched healthy controls without any type of cataract from the local population. A questionnaire was used to gather clinical and epidemiological data. Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from blood samples, and analysis of rs11260867, rs3568293 and rs7543472 single nucleotide polymorphisms was performed by using tetra amplification-refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction protocol. Data was analysed using SPSS 17. RESULTS Of the 230 subjects, 129(%) were patients and 101(%) were controls. Among the three polymorphisms analysed, rs7543472 was associated with age-related cataract. Among the epidemiological and clinical factors, age, diabetes, blood pressure, smoking, radiation exposure, steroids usage and use of tranquilisers were associated with age-related cataract (p<0.05 each). CONCLUSIONS Polymorphism rs7543472 was found to be associated with age-related cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Aslam
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Tafheem Khosa
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division
| | - Atif Akbar
- Department of Statistics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Latif
- Department of Zoology, University of Education, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Furhan Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division
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Mustafa S, Fatima H, Fatima S, Khosa T, Akbar A, Shaikh RS, Iqbal F. Association of single nucleotide polymorphism in CD28(C/T-I3 + 17) and CD40 (C/T-1) genes with the Graves' disease. J PAK MED ASSOC 2018; 68:3-9. [PMID: 29371709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To find out a correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphisms in cluster of differentiation 28 and cluster of differentiation 40 genes with Graves' disease, if any. METHODS This case-control study was conducted at the Multan Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy, Multan, Pakistan, and comprised blood samples of Graves' disease patients and controls. Various risk factors were also correlated either with the genotype at each single-nucleotide polymorphism or with various combinations of genotypes studied during present investigation. RESULTS Of the 160 samples, there were 80(50%) each from patients and controls. Risk factor analysis revealed that gender (p=0.008), marital status (p<0.001), education (p<0.001), smoking (p<0.001), tri-iodothyronine (P <0.001), thyroxin (p<0.001) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (p<0.000) levels in blood were associated with Graves' disease. CONCLUSIONS Both single-nucleotide polymorphisms in both genes were not associated with Graves' disease, either individually or in any combined form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Mustafa
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division
| | - Hira Fatima
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
| | - Sadia Fatima
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division
| | - Tafheem Khosa
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division
| | - Atif Akbar
- Department of Statistics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Furhan Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division
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Hussain MF, Qamar M, Malik MI, Hussain M, Saeed Z, Shaikh RS, Iqbal F. Molecular detection of Anaplasma in apparently healthy Cholistan breed of cattle from the Bahawalpur district, Pakistan. Trop Biomed 2017; 34:37-44. [PMID: 33592978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to report the prevalence of Anaplasma sp. in blood samples of Cholistan breed of cattle from Bahawalpur District and to determine the risk factors associated with the prevalence of this parasite. A total of 148 blood samples were randomly collected from apparently healthy cattle. On the sampling sites, data on the characteristics of the animals (species, gender, age) were collected through questionnaires. 47 blood samples (31.8% of total) produced the 577 base pairs DNA fragment specific for 16S rRNA gene of Anaplasma sp. by PCR amplification. Out of 47 Anaplasma sp. positive PCR products, 9 were found to be Anaplasma marginale by restriction with BssNa1 and 9 were confirmed to be Anaplasma phagocytophilum (A. phagocytophilum) as they amplified 550 bp fragment from the amplified MSP 2 gene of this species. Risk factor analysis indicated that the presence of parasite was not limited to a particular sex or age group of the infected animals. Comparison of hematological profile revealed that Anaplasma sp. positive cattle had significantly reduced levels of mean corpuscular volume (P=0.02) and eosinophils (P=0.02) than in parasite negative animals. While studied serum biochemical profile remain unaffected when compared between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Hussain
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - M Qamar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - M I Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - M Hussain
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Z Saeed
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - R S Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - F Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
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Qamar M, Malik MI, Latif M, Ain QU, Aktas M, Shaikh RS, Iqbal F. Molecular Detection and Prevalence of Hepatozoon canis in Dogs from Punjab (Pakistan) and Hematological Profile of Infected Dogs. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2017; 17:179-184. [DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2016.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qamar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Latif
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Qurat ul Ain
- Department of Zoology, PMAS Arid and Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Munir Aktas
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Furhan Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Qadir MI, Abbas K, Younus A, Shaikh RS. Report - Antibacterial activity of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Pak J Pharm Sci 2016; 29:1711-1713. [PMID: 27731833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective of the present study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) berries and leaves against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by using the standard disc diffusion method. Chloroform, n-hexane and aqueous extract of the plant parts were used. Doses of 2mg/ml, 4 mg/ml and 6mg/ml were tested against the microorganism, and the zone of inhibition was compared against the standard drug vancomycin. Results indicated that n-hexane and chloroform extracts of berries and n-hexane extract leaves showed significant (p<0.05) antibacterial activity comparable with vancomycin. It was concluded from the study that extracts berries and leaves of Hippophae rhamnoides have antibacterial activity against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Qadir
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan / Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khizar Abbas
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Younus
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Hussain M, Saeed Z, Gulsher M, Shaikh RS, Ali M, Ahmad AN, Hussain I, Akhtar M, Iqbal F. A report on the molecular detection and seasonal prevalence of Trypanosoma brucei in Dromedary Camels from Dera Ghazi Khan District in Southern Punjab (Pakistan). Trop Biomed 2016; 33:268-275. [PMID: 33579093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed for molecular detection of Trypanosoma brucei through PCR, by using kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) maxicircle primers, on seasonal basis and to demonstrate the effect of this parasite on complete blood count and selected parameters of serum biochemistry in camels from Southern Punjab (Pakistan). A total of 291 camel blood samples (61 male, 230 females) were collected from Dera Ghazi Khan District in Pakistan during March 2012 till February 2013 for Trypanosoma brucei detection by blood smear screening, micro hemato centrifugation and Polymerase chain reaction techniques. Twenty eight out of 291 blood samples (9.62%) produced a 164 bp DNA fragment specific for T. brucei. Only 6 blood samples (2.06%) were found parasite positive by microscopic examination and 13 (4.46%) were positive for microhematocrit centrifugation technique. Seasonal PCR based prevalence of trypanosomiasis was 6.9%, 13.7%, 9.7% and 8.1% during spring, summer, autumn and winter seasons respectively. T. brucei prevalence was not restricted to a particular age group or and gender of the studied animals (P > 0.05). A significant increase in WBC (P = 0.001), neutrophils (P = 0.004), ALT (P = 0.028) and decreased RBC (P < 0.000), hemoglobin (P < 0.000) and packed cell volume (P < 0.000) were detected in parasite positive as compared to the parasite negative blood samples. In conclusion, PCR is a more reliable and sensitive technique than conventional microscopic blood screening and microhematocrit centrifugation for the detection of T. brucei in camel blood. We recommend the use of PCR for the effective prophylactic detection of T. brucei in livestock in order to reduce economic losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hussain
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Z Saeed
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Gulsher
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Abdali Road Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - R S Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - M Ali
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - A N Ahmad
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - I Hussain
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - M Akhtar
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - F Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
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Razzaq F, Khosa T, Ahmad S, Hussain M, Saeed Z, Khan MA, Shaikh RS, Ali M, Iqbal F. Prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in horses from Southern Punjab (Pakistan). Trop Biomed 2015; 32:233-239. [PMID: 26691251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to optimize a PCR-RFLP protocol for the molecular detection of Anaplasma sp. and to compare its prevalence in blood samples of equines from Southern Punjab (Pakistan) and to find out the risk factors involved in the spread of anaplasmosis. A total of 210 blood samples were collected from equines from 2 sampling sites (Dera Ghazi Khan and Khanewal districts). Data on the animals' characteristics (age, species and gender) were collected through survey. PCR amplified the 577bp product specific for 16S rRNA gene of Anaplasma spp. in 9 blood samples (4.3% of total), [Dera Ghazi Khan (N = 3) and Khanewal (N = 6)]. These Anaplasma spp. positive blood samples were used for PCR amplification using A. phagocytophilum specific primers and parasite was detected in all of them. Also it was revealed that the characteristics of the animals i.e. age, gender, species had no significant association with the presence of Anaplasma sp. Hematological parameters remained unaffected while lymphocyte count was significantly lowered in A. phagocytophilum positive samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Razzaq
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - T Khosa
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - S Ahmad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - M Hussain
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Z Saeed
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - R S Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - M Ali
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - F Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
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Saeed S, Jahangir M, Fatima M, Shaikh RS, Khattak RM, Ali M, Iqbal F. PCR based detection of Theileria lestoquardi in apparently healthy sheep and goats from two districts in Khyber Pukhtoon Khwa (Pakistan). Trop Biomed 2015; 32:225-232. [PMID: 26691250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Theileria lestoquardi from two districts of Khyber Pukhtoon Khwa (Kohat and Peshawar) in Pakistan and also to report the risk factors associated with the spread of ovine theileriosis. A total of 165 blood samples were collected from sheep (N = 44) and goats (N = 121) from randomly selected herds. Data on the characteristics of animals and the herds were collected through questionnaires. Five (3%) out of total 165 samples produced 730 base pairs DNA fragment, through PCR amplification of 18S SSU rRNA gene, specific for T. lestoquardi. All positive samples were from district Kohat while samples from Peshawar were found negative for this parasite. Statistical analysis indicated a significant association (P = 0.005) between sampling site and prevalence of T. lestoquardi. It was observed that presence of tick on the ruminant (P = 0.0007) and the dogs associated with the herd (P = 0.001) were highly significant risk factor for the spread of ovine theileriosis. It was also observed that mixed herds (containing both sheep and goats) were more prone to the parasite. We have concluded that PCR is a sensitive and reliable diagnostic tool for detection of T. lestoquardi in blood samples of small ruminants and can be used for the prophylactic screening and treatment of this blood parasite in order to increase the live stock production in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saeed
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - M Jahangir
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology Kohat, Pakistan
| | - M Fatima
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - R S Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - R M Khattak
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology Kohat, Pakistan
| | - M Ali
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - F Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan
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18
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Saeed A, Kanwal S, Arshad M, Ali M, Shaikh RS, Abubakar M. Foot-and-mouth disease: overview of motives of disease spread and efficacy of available vaccines. J Anim Sci Technol 2015; 57:10. [PMID: 26290730 PMCID: PMC4540294 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-015-0042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Control and prevention of foot and mouth disease (FMD) by vaccination remains unsatisfactory in endemic countries. Indeed, consistent and new FMD epidemics in previously disease-free countries have precipitated the need for a worldwide control strategy. Outbreaks in vaccinated animals require that a new and safe vaccine be developed against foot and mouth virus (FMDV). FMDV can be eradicated worldwide based on previous scientific information about its spread using existing and modern control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Saeed
- Instituteof Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya, University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Kanwal
- Instituteof Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya, University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Memoona Arshad
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Instituteof Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya, University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Instituteof Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya, University, Multan, Pakistan
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19
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Taqddus A, Saad ABA, Pasha B, Latif M, Safdar S, Shaikh RS, Ali M, Iqbal F. Association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphism (Glu 298 Asp) with coronary artery disease in subjects from Multan, Pakistan. Pak J Pharm Sci 2014; 27:357-363. [PMID: 24577926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is the most common disease and cause of mortality in both genders across the world and certain risk factors i.e. age, gender, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, drugs usage, weight etc are known to be associated with the disease. The aim of this study was to find if there is any correlation exists between ACS and hereditary genetic defect in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) gene as eNOS generates Nitric oxide in blood vessels and regulates the vascular tone hence directly affecting the cardiovascular function. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (Glu 298 Asp) in ecNOS was determined in 280 subjects, from Southern Punjab (in Pakistan) population, including (160 ACS patients and 120 healthy controls) by PCR-RFLP method and genotype was correlated with various risk factors as well as with serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Our results indicated that the genotype Glu 298 Asp was not associated with ACS but when various studied parameters were compared among patients suffering from various forms of ACS and their healthy controls, it was observed that age (45-55 years) (P = 0.05), gender (male) (P < 0.001), education (P<0.001), family history (P=0.03), hypertension (P<0.001), diabetes (P<0.01) and smoking habit (P = 0.03) were the significantly different parameters among them and may be associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Cholesterol (161.5±79 mg/dL) level was found to be higher in patients (P = 0.04) than controls while triglyceride remained unaffected (P = 0.87) in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asia Taqddus
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Burhan Pasha
- Cardiology Ward, Bakhtawar Amin Memorial Hospital, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Latif
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Safdar
- PMRC Research Center, Nishter Medical College, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Institute of Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Furhan Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Sohail A, Kanwal N, Ali M, Sadia S, Masood AI, Ali F, Iqbal F, Crickmore N, Shaikh RS, Sayyed AH. Effects of glutathione-S-transferase polymorphisms on the risk of breast cancer: a population-based case-control study in Pakistan. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 35:143-153. [PMID: 23376175 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is widely accepted as one of the major health issues. Diet composition and exposure to environmental genotoxic and carcinogenic agents such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the causative factors for various types of cancers, including breast cancer. Low penetrance genes including glutathione S transferases (GST) in association with environmental factors can contribute greatly in the development of breast cancer. We were interested to investigate the association of the polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1 and GSTO2 with the risk of breast cancer in the Pakistani population. One hundred women visiting the Department of Radiology and Oncology, Nishter Hospital, Multan with pathologically confirmed breast cancer, and 100 healthy volunteers from central Pakistan were enrolled in the present study. The strength of the association of various factors with breast cancer was measured by calculating odd ratios (ORs) which were determined by logistic regression. All P values cited are two-sided; differences resulting in a P value of less or equal to 0.05 were declared statistically significant. The Hardy Weinberg equilibrium was tested for the genotype proportions in the control group, as a measure of quality control. Those aged 36-45, in menopause or with a history of cancer in the family had a significantly higher prevalence of breast cancer compared with controls. The frequency of GSTM1 and GSTT1 was similar in both control and patients suggesting no association with the risk of cancer development, however GSTM1 and GSTT1 were significantly linked with the risk of breast cancer in smokers and in women with a history of breast cancer in the family respectively. Similarly women homozygous for GSTP1 or GSTO2 and with a history of breast cancer, or in menopause, were at greater risk of breast cancer than wild type or heterozygotes. Our data suggest that genetic differences in some GST genes may be linked with an increased susceptibility to breast cancer. Furthermore it also gives an insight into the interaction between the GST polymorphisms and pre-menopausal diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Sohail
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
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Kausar T, Bhatti MA, Ali M, Shaikh RS, Ahmed ZM. OCA5,a novel locus for non-syndromic oculocutaneous albinism, maps to chromosome 4q24. Clin Genet 2012; 84:91-3. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - MA Bhatti
- Institute of Biotechnology; Bahauddin Zakariya University; Multan; Pakistan
| | - M Ali
- Institute of Biotechnology; Bahauddin Zakariya University; Multan; Pakistan
| | - RS Shaikh
- Institute of Biotechnology; Bahauddin Zakariya University; Multan; Pakistan
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Khattak RM, Rabib M, Khan Z, Ishaq M, Hameed H, Taqddus A, Faryal M, Durranis S, Gillani QUA, Allahyar R, Shaikh RS, Khan MA, Ali M, Iqbal F. A comparison of two different techniques for the detection of blood parasite, Theileria annulata, in cattle from two districts in Khyber Pukhtoon Khwa Province (Pakistan). Parasite 2012; 19:91-5. [PMID: 22314246 PMCID: PMC3671426 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2012191091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Theileria annulata in large ruminants from two districts, Peshawar and Kohat, in Khyber Pukhtoon Khwa (Pakistan). Blood samples were collected from 95 cattle. Data on the characteristics of animals and herds were collected through questionnaires. No significant risk factors were found associated with the spread of tropical theileriosis in the study area. Two different parasite detection techniques, PCR amplification and screening of Giemsa stained slides, were compared and it was found that PCR amplification is a more sensitive tool (33.7% parasite detection), as compared to smear scanning (5.2% parasite detection) for the detection of Theileria annulata. 32 out of 95 animals, from both districts, produced the 721-bp fragment specific for Theileria annulata.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Khattak
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology Kohat, Pakistan
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Javed S, Ali M, Sadia S, Aslam MA, Masood AI, Shaikh RS, Sayyed AH. Combined effect of menopause age and genotype on occurrence of breast cancer risk in Pakistani population. Maturitas 2012; 69:377-82. [PMID: 21684697 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2011] [Revised: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cancer incidences and mortality rates are rapidly increasing and breast cancer is among the most frequent malignancy experienced in women worldwide. The occurrence of breast cancer could be associated with various social, cultural, environmental, life-style, hormonal and genetic factors. OBJECTIVE To establish if PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms of estrogen receptor alpha would make Pakistani women more susceptible to breast cancer. Furthermore, association between breast cancer and various factors was also explored to establish the contributing factors in breast cancer in Pakistani population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Two hundred samples, aged 15-65 years, consisting of 100 breast cancer patients and 100 control samples were ascertained for this case-control study in order to evaluate the factors related to disease incidence. 5-7 ml of blood sample of each participating women in the study was collected and analyzed for polymorphisms of PvuII and XbaI using PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS The menopause had strong influence on incidences of cancer with ca 18-fold increase in risk of breast cancer in women with menopause compared with non-menopaused. Furthermore significant impact of menopause age (P<0.0001) was observed on the incidence of cancer, as high rate of cancer incidence was observed in patients with age between 36 and 45 years (P<0.0001). Similarly, the genotype XbaI had significant influence on the incidence of the disease with heterozygous genotype of XbaI was 45% higher than wild type in cancerous cases. The menopausal women having heterozygous and homozygous mutants of PvuII or XbaI genotypes were strongly correlated with breast cancer (P<0.01). CONCLUSION The polymorphism of genes involving estrogen-metabolizing pathway and estrogen receptor pathway may play an important role in the etiology of breast cancer in Pakistani women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Javed
- Institute of Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Shaikh RS, Amir M, Masood AI, Sohail A, Athar HUR, Siraj S, Ali M, Anjam MS. Frequency distribution of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null allele in Pakistani population and risk of disease incidence. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2010; 30:76-79. [PMID: 21787632 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2010.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 04/17/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione-S-transferases, GSTM1 and GSTT1 play a significant role in detoxification and bioactivation of a broad range of xenobiotic compounds known to be mutagenic and/or carcinogenic. Deletion polymorphisms of these glutathione transferases (GSTM1 and GSTT1) predispose individuals to environmental carcinogenic compounds. Although a number of studies have shown the relationship between GSTM1 and/or GSTT1 deletion polymorphism and different cancers, these findings cannot be extrapolated to other populations due to intra- and inter-ethnic variability. In order to assess the impact of differential ethnicity on the occurrence of different cancers in local population due to GSTM1, or GSTT1 deletion polymorphism, 111 healthy male and female individuals of different age groups from Southern Punjab, Pakistan were genotyped using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. From the results it is obvious that null alleles of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes were found in 45% and 23% individuals, respectively. In 5% of individuals' simultaneous deletion of both GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes were observed. Frequency of GSTM1 null allele is in concordance with those documented for Chinese, Caucasians, Mongolian, and Japanese populations. However, a significantly higher frequency for GSTT1 null was reported in Chinese and Japanese population as compared to Pakistani population. It is the first ever report on frequency of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null allele in Pakistani population which demonstrate the impact of ethnicity and provide basis for future epidemiological and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
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Shaikh RS, Ramzan K, Nazli S, Sattar S, Khan SN, Riazuddin S, Ahmed ZM, Friedman TB, Riazuddin S. A new locus for nonsyndromic deafness DFNB51 maps to chromosome 11p13-p12. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 138:392-5. [PMID: 16158433 PMCID: PMC2572776 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khushnooda Ramzan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sabiha Nazli
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sameera Sattar
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaheen N. Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Section on Human Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Zubair M. Ahmed
- Section on Human Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Thomas B. Friedman
- Section on Human Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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