1
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Yang QQ, Zheng ZH, Wang M, Zhou J, Peng C, Du W, Zhan G, Han B. Ag-Catalyzed Switchable Synthesis of Site-Specifically Functionalized Pyrroles via Azafulvenium Intermediates. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38810217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Here, we present a versatile, silver-catalyzed multi-auto-tandem reaction involving enamines, alkynals, and nucleophiles, utilizing the highly reactive intermediate azafulvenium. This method allows for flexible and switchable regiodivergent reactions through either intermolecular or intramolecular nucleophilic attacks, which can be controlled by adjusting the catalytic conditions. A range of site-specific functionalized or polycyclic fused pyrrole products were efficiently produced with a high level of chemocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ze-Hong Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Wei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Gu Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Bo Han
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
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2
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Rodriguez LE, Weber JM, Barge LM. Evaluating Pigments as a Biosignature: Abiotic/Prebiotic Synthesis of Pigments and Pigment Mimics in Planetary Environments. ASTROBIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38768415 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2023.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Pigments serve a multitude of functions in biology including light harvesting for photosynthesis, radiation protection, membrane support, and defense. The ubiquity of pigments-especially within extremophiles found in high-radiation, high-salinity, and dry environments-and their detectability via mission-ready techniques have elevated these molecules as promising targets in the search for evidence of life elsewhere. Moreover, the detection of pigments has been proposed as a "smoking gun" for extraterrestrial life as it has been suggested that these molecules cannot be generated abiotically. However, while pigments may hold promise as a biosignature, current understanding of their possible prebiotic origins remains understudied and uncertain. Better understanding of the abiotic synthesis of pigments is critical for evaluating the biogenicity of any pigment detected during missions, including by the Mars Perseverance rover or from returned samples. Compounding this uncertainty is the broad definition of pigment as it includes any compound capable of absorbing visible light and by itself does not specify a particular chemical motif. While not experimentally verified, there are promising prebiotic routes for generating pigments including hemes, chlorophylls, and carotenoids. Herein, we review the biochemistry of pigments, the inherent assumptions made when searching for these molecules in the field, their abiotic synthesis in industry and prebiotic reactions, prebiotically relevant molecules that can mimic their spectral signatures, and implications/recommendations for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Rodriguez
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Universities Space Research Association, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jessica M Weber
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Laura M Barge
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
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3
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Laudage T, Hüsing T, Rühmann B, Beer B, Schmermund L, Sieber V. N-substituted pyrrole carboxylic acid derivatives from 3,4-dihydroxyketons. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301169. [PMID: 38217857 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Since the chemical industry is largely dependent on petrol-based feedstocks, new sources are required for a sustainable industry. Conversion of biomass to high-value compounds provides an environmentally friendly and sustainable approach, which might be a potential solution to reduce petrol-based starting materials. This also applies for N-heterocycles, which are a common structural motif in natural products, pharmaceuticals and functional polymers. The synthesis of pyrroles is a well-studied and established process. Nevertheless, most routes described are not in line with the principles of green and sustainable chemistry and employ harsh reaction conditions and harmful solvents. In this study, 3,4-dihydroxyketons are used as excellent platform chemicals for the production of N-substituted pyrrole-2-carboxylic- and pyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylic acids, as they can be prepared from glucose through the intermediate d-glucarate and converted into pyrrolic acid derivatives under mild conditions in water. The scope of this so far unknown reaction was examined using a variety of primary amines and aqueous ammonium chloride leading to pyrrolic acid derivatives with N-substituents like alkane-, alkene-, phenyl- and alcohol-groups with yields up to 20 %. The combination of both, enzymatic conversion and chemical reaction opens up new possibilities for further process development. Therefore, a continuous chemo-enzymatic system was set up by first employing an immobilized enzyme to catalyze the conversion of d-glucarate to the 3,4-dihydroxyketone, which is further converted to the pyrrolic acid derivatives by a chemical step in continuous flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Laudage
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Torben Hüsing
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Broder Rühmann
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Barbara Beer
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Luca Schmermund
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Volker Sieber
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315, Straubing, Germany
- Catalytic Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- SynBiofoundry@TUM, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 22, 94315, Straubing, Germany
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, 68 Copper Road, St. Lucia, 4072, Australia
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4
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Zargari M, Ardeshiri HH, Ghafuri H, Hassanzadeh MM. Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles impregnated eggshell as an efficient biocatalyst for eco-friendly synthesis of 2-amino thiophene derivatives. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29674. [PMID: 38681630 PMCID: PMC11046122 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, a biodegradable and eco-friendly biocatalyst (eggshell/Fe3O4) was synthesized utilizing eggshell impregnated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The characterization of prepared catalyst was carried out by Fourier transform infrared radiation (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), thermal gravimetric analysis-differential thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG), vibrating sample magnometer (VSM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The eggshell/Fe3O4 biocatalyst was served in multi-component reactions (MCRs) for the synthesis of 2-amino thiophene derivatives from variety aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, ethyl acetoacetate, and sulfur (S8). To achieve optimal reaction conditions, a thorough examination was conducted on key factors, such as the solvent type, reaction time and temperature, and the ratio of eggshell to Fe3O4. The findings suggest that high yield product can be obtained at microwave temperature (MW) in EtOH solvent within 10 min. Additionally, the eggshell/Fe3O4 biocatalyst exhibited high catalytic activity, which was sustained over the five cycles, without any significant decline in its performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsan Zargari
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassani Ardeshiri
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghafuri
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammad Hassanzadeh
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
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5
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Frasca S, Galkin M, Stro̷mme M, Lindh J, Gising J. Toward Biomass-Based Organic Electronics: Continuous Flow Synthesis and Electropolymerization of N-Substituted Pyrroles. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13852-13859. [PMID: 38559979 PMCID: PMC10975589 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Pyrroles are foundational building blocks in a wide array of disciplines, including chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and materials science. Currently sourced from nonrenewable fossil sources, there is a strive to explore alternative and sustainable synthetic pathways to pyrroles utilizing renewable feedstocks. The utilization of biomass resources presents a compelling solution, particularly given that several key bulk and fine chemicals already originate from biomass. For instance, 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran and aniline are promising candidates for biomass-based chemical production. In this study, we present an innovative approach for synthesizing N-substituted pyrroles by modifying the Clauson-Kaas protocol, starting from 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran as the precursor. The developed methodology offers the advantage of producing pyrroles under mild reaction conditions with the potential for catalyst-free reactions depending upon the structural features of the substrate. We devised protocols suitable for both continuous flow and batch reactions, enabling the conversion of a wide range of anilines and sulfonamides into their respective N-substituted pyrroles with good to excellent yields. Moreover, we demonstrate the feasibility of depositing thin films of the corresponding polymers onto electrodes through in situ electropolymerization. This innovative application showcases the potential for sustainable, biomass-based organic electronics, thus, paving the way for environmentally friendly advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Frasca
- Nanotechnology and Functional
Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 03Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maxim Galkin
- Nanotechnology and Functional
Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 03Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Stro̷mme
- Nanotechnology and Functional
Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 03Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Lindh
- Nanotechnology and Functional
Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 03Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Gising
- Nanotechnology and Functional
Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 03Uppsala, Sweden
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6
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Das B, Chakraborty N, Dhara HN, Bhattacharyya P, Patel BK. Access to Chromenopyrrole via Tandem [3 + 2] Cycloaddition and Intramolecular C-O Coupling. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38171005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
A mild and concise method for the synthesis of chromenopyrrole from 2'-hydroxychalcone is devised. The reaction proceeds via an initial [3 + 2] cycloaddition on the C═C bond of 2'-hydroxychalcone and 1,3-dipolarophile, generated in situ by the reaction of ethyl isocyanoacetate and AgOAc. This is then followed by an intramolecular C-O bond formation with the -OH group and C5-H of the in situ generated pyrrole, leading to chromenopyrroles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bubul Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Department of Chemistry, Bagadhar Brahma Kishan College, Jalah, Assam 781327, India
| | - Nikita Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Hirendra Nath Dhara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Pratip Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Bhisma K Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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7
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Suresh S, Chien HS, Chen CH, Tsai HY, Chung DR, Kavala V, Yao CF. Iodine-Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of Diphenyl-Substituted Carbazoles via [4 + 2] Annulation of β-Formyl Ketones with Indoles. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38032287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The [4 + 2] annulation of β-formyl ketones with an indole has been developed for the regioselective synthesis of diphenyl-substituted carbazoles in the presence of a catalytic amount of iodine. The 1,4-dicarbonyl compound containing a phenyl group at the α-position of an aldehyde group reacts more readily with indoles to form carbazole derivatives. Using this method, a variety of carbazole derivatives can be readily accessed under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaram Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Rd, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Hung-Sheng Chien
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Rd, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Chao-Hua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Rd, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Hao-Yu Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Rd, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Dai-Ru Chung
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Rd, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Veerababurao Kavala
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Rd, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Ching-Fa Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Rd, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R. O. C
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8
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Hikima R, Takeshima A, Kano T. One-pot furan synthesis through diethylzinc-mediated coupling reaction between two α-bromocarbonyl compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8463-8466. [PMID: 37830372 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01521a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Polysubstituted furans were synthesized in one-pot through the Et2Zn-mediated coupling reaction between dibromoketones and monobromo carbonyl compounds and the subsequent β-elimination with bromoacetyl bromide. Polysubstituted pyrroles were also prepared in one-pot by addition of primary amines after the coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Hikima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
| | - Aika Takeshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Taichi Kano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
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9
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Singh DK, Kumar R. Clauson-Kaas pyrrole synthesis using diverse catalysts: a transition from conventional to greener approach. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:928-955. [PMID: 37404802 PMCID: PMC10315892 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrrole is an important aromatic heterocyclic scaffold found in many natural products and predominantly used in pharmaceuticals. Continuous efforts are being made to design and synthesize various pyrrole derivatives using different synthetic procedures. Among them, the Clauson-Kaas reaction is a very old and well-known method for synthesizing a large number of N-substituted pyrroles. In recent years, due to global warming and environmental concern, research laboratories and pharmaceutical industries around the world are searching for more environmentally friendly reaction conditions for synthesizing compounds. As a result, this review describes the use of various eco-friendly greener protocols to synthesize N-substituted pyrroles. This synthesis involves the reaction of various aliphatic/aromatic primary amines, and sulfonyl primary amines with 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran in the presence of numerous acid catalysts and transition metal catalysts. The goal of this review is to summarize the synthesis of various N-substituted pyrrole derivatives using a modified Clauson-Kaas reaction under diverse conventional and greener reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Bipin Bihari College, Affiliated to Bundelkhand University, Jhansi-284001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- P.G. Department of Chemistry, R. D. S. College, B. R. A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur-842002, Bihar, India
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10
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Vlocskó RB, Xie G, Török B. Green Synthesis of Aromatic Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles by Catalytic and Non-Traditional Activation Methods. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104153. [PMID: 37241894 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the environmentally benign synthesis of aromatic N-heterocycles are reviewed, focusing primarily on the application of catalytic methods and non-traditional activation. This account features two main parts: the preparation of single ring N-heterocycles, and their condensed analogs. Both groups include compounds with one, two and more N-atoms. Due to the large number of protocols, this account focuses on providing representative examples to feature the available methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bernadett Vlocskó
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Guoshu Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Béla Török
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA 02125, USA
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11
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Gómez-Gil S, Rubio-Presa R, Hernández-Ruiz R, Suárez-Pantiga S, Pedrosa MR, Sanz R. Synthesis of 1,4-ketoaldehydes and 1,4-diketones by Mo-catalyzed oxidative cleavage of cyclobutane-1,2-diols. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:4185-4190. [PMID: 37128956 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00436h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A new two-step procedure for the synthesis of 1,4-dicarbonyls has been developed involving an efficient and clean Mo-catalyzed oxidative cleavage of cyclobutane-1,2-diols with DMSO, which is used as solvent and oxidant. The required starting glycols were prepared by nucleophilic additions of organolithiums and Grignard reagents to easily available 2-hydroxycyclobutanones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gómez-Gil
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Rubén Rubio-Presa
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Raquel Hernández-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Samuel Suárez-Pantiga
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - María R Pedrosa
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
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12
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Recent Advances in Synthetic Routes to Azacycles. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062737. [PMID: 36985708 PMCID: PMC10054516 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A heterocycle is an important structural scaffold of many organic compounds found in pharmaceuticals, materials, agrochemicals, and biological processes. Azacycles are one of the most common motifs of a heterocycle and have a variety of applications, including in pharmaceuticals. Therefore, azacycles have received significant attention from scientists and a variety of methods of synthesizing azacycles have been developed because their efficient synthesis plays a vital role in the production of many useful compounds. In this review, we summarize recent approaches to preparing azacycles via different methods as well as describe plausible reaction mechanisms.
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13
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Kotha S, Singh D. Synthesis of Pyrrole Derivatives via Ring Closing Metathesis, Clauson-Kaas Reaction and Paal-Knorr Condensation as Key Steps. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Choudhary S, Gayyur, Ghosh N. Cu(II)-catalyzed [4 + 1] and [4 + 3] annulation reactions: a modular approach to N-aryl/alkyl substituted 2,5-diamidopyrroles and diazepines. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7017-7021. [PMID: 36001012 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01458k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot copper-catalyzed [4 + 1] annulation reaction of primary amines with ynamide-derived buta-1,3-diynes for the synthesis of 2,5-diamido bearing N-aryl/alkyl pyrroles in up to excellent yields has been showcased. A broad range of primary amines having highly reactive functional groups are well tolerated. Notably, sterically demanding aniline and primary aliphatic amines are excellent amine sources. Furthermore, the current protocol may yield structurally unique diazepine derivatives. The scale-up reaction and fruitful chemical elaboration of pyrrole motifs highlight the importance of this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Choudhary
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Gayyur
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.
| | - Nayan Ghosh
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
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15
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Tran YBN, Nguyen PTK. A New Zinc‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework for Catalytic Synthesis of
N
‐Substituted Pyrroles. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y B. N. Tran
- Future Materials & Devices Laboratory Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Duy Tan University Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences Duy Tan University Da Nang 550000 Vietnam
| | - Phuong T. K. Nguyen
- Future Materials & Devices Laboratory Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Duy Tan University Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences Duy Tan University Da Nang 550000 Vietnam
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16
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Wan Q, Xin L, Zhang J, Huang X. Efficient access to 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrroles via gold-catalysed cycloisomerization of 1,5-diynes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1647-1651. [PMID: 35137761 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02393d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A gold-catalysed cycloisomerization of 1,5-diynes is described, which offers a selective approach to access 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrroles. In this reaction, the cationic gold catalyst activates the ynamide moiety, initiating the cycloisomerization to produce the pyrrole core, and H2O acts as an external nucleophile to trap the vinyl cationic species, thus leading to the formation of 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrroles with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Wan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
| | - Luoting Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China.
| | - Xueliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
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17
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Li W, Shi R, Chen S, Zhang X, Peng W, Chen S, Li J, Xu XM, Zhu YP, Wang X. Synthesis of Diverse Pentasubstituted Pyrroles by a Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cascade Rearrangement-Cyclization of Tertiary Enamide. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3014-3024. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Ran Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Sen Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xuesi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Si Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jiazhu Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xin-Ming Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xueyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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18
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Ren ZL, Qiu JY, Yuan LL, Yuan YF, Cai S, Li J, Kong C, He P, Wang L. Divergent Conversion of Double Isocyanides with Alkenyl Bromide to Polysubstituted Pyrroles and 4-Imino-4,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrol-6(1 H)-one Derivatives by Pd-Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization Reactions. Org Lett 2022; 24:859-863. [PMID: 35019658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein a novel and concise approach to pyrrole skeletons via Pd-catalyzed tandem cyclization reactions is investigated. The substrates for the transformation could be readily prepared by phosphoric acid-catalyzed Ugi reactions with available starting materials. In this strategy, two isocyanides participate in sequential isocyanide insertion reactions, and the chemoselectivity of the products is regulated by the steric hindrance of the isocyanide. A plausible mechanism for the formation of the corresponding adducts is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Lin Ren
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Ying Qiu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Ling Yuan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Fei Yuan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Cai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, P. R. China
| | - Chi Kong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, P. R. China
| | - Ping He
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, P. R. China
| | - Long Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P. R. China
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19
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Fan P, Mao Y, Wang C. Synthesis of 1,4-diketones via palladium/photo-cocatalyzed dehydrogenative cross-coupling. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00935h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report a palladium/TBADT-cocatalyzed dehydrogenative cross-coupling reaction, enabling the synthesis of a variety of 1,4-diketones starting from simple allylic alcohols and aldehydes as the precursors under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Fan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Low Temperature Co-Fired Materials, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui 232038, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yujia Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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20
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Liu Y, Luo P, Fu Y, Hao T, Liu X, Ding Q, Peng Y. Recent advances in the tandem annulation of 1,3-enynes to functionalized pyridine and pyrrole derivatives. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2462-2476. [PMID: 34630726 PMCID: PMC8474070 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Great progress has been made in the tandem annulation of enynes in the past few years. This review only presents the corresponding reactions of 1,3-enyne structural motifs to provide the functionalized pyridine and pyrrole derivatives. The functionalization reactions cover iodination, bromination, trifluoromethylation, azidation, carbonylation, arylation, alkylation, selenylation, sulfenylation, amidation, esterification, and hydroxylation. We also briefly introduce the applications of the products and the reaction mechanisms for the synthesis of corresponding N-heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Puying Luo
- Department of Gynaecology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, 92 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Tianxin Hao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Qiuping Ding
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Yiyuan Peng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang 330022, China
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21
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Borah B, Dwivedi KD, Chowhan LR. Recent Advances in Metal‐ and Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Functionalization of Pyrroles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Borah
- School of Applied Material Sciences Centre for Applied Chemistry Central University of Gujarat Sector-30 Gandhinagar 382030 India
| | - Kartikey Dhar Dwivedi
- School of Applied Material Sciences Centre for Applied Chemistry Central University of Gujarat Sector-30 Gandhinagar 382030 India
| | - L. Raju Chowhan
- School of Applied Material Sciences Centre for Applied Chemistry Central University of Gujarat Sector-30 Gandhinagar 382030 India
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22
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Schäfer C, Cho H, Vlocskó B, Xie G, Török B. Recent Advances in the Green Synthesis of Heterocycles: From Building Blocks to Biologically Active Compounds. Curr Org Synth 2021; 19:426-462. [PMID: 34515007 DOI: 10.2174/1570179418666210910110205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the environmentally benign synthesis of common heterocycles are described. This account features three main parts; the preparation of non-aromatic heterocycles, one-ring aromatic heterocycles and their condensed analogs. Due to the great variety of and high interest in these compounds, this work focuses on providing representative examples of the preparation of the target compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schäfer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd. Boston, MA 02125. United States
| | - Hyejin Cho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd. Boston, MA 02125. United States
| | - Bernadett Vlocskó
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd. Boston, MA 02125. United States
| | - Guoshu Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd. Boston, MA 02125. United States
| | - Béla Török
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd. Boston, MA 02125. United States
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23
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Recent advances in biocatalysis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 54:107813. [PMID: 34450199 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocycles (N-heterocycles) are ubiquitous in both organisms and pharmaceutical products. Biocatalysts are providing green approaches for synthesizing various N-heterocycles under mild reaction conditions. This review summarizes the recent advances in the biocatalysis of N-heterocycles through the discovery and engineering of natural N-heterocycle synthetic pathway, and the design of artificial synthetic routes, with an emphasis on biocatalysts applied in retrosynthetic design for preparing complex N-heterocycles. Furthermore, this review discusses the future prospects and challenges of biocatalysts involved in the synthesis of N-heterocycles.
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24
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Bera A, Ali SA, Saha A, Samanta S. Neat synthesis of c-fused pyrroles and its application to macrolactamization. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1939054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata, India
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sk Asraf Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata, India
| | - Amit Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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25
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Hsu MH, Kapoor M, Pradhan TK, Tse MH, Chen HY, Yan MJ, Cheng YT, Lin YC, Hsieh CY, Liu KY, Han CC. Mild and Efficient Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Trisubstituted Pyrroles. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1331-7346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA sustainable and time economic approach has been developed for the synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles using copper iodide as a catalyst. The reaction proceeded through imine formation followed by cyclization with alkyne-Cu intermediate, which was supported by control experiments studies. The newly formed substituted pyrroles were obtained in excellent yields with high regioselectivity under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hua Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education
| | - Mohit Kapoor
- Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University
| | - Tapan Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental & Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University
| | - Man-Him Tse
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education
| | - Hsin-Ya Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education
| | - Man-Jun Yan
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education
| | - Yu-Tsen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education
| | - Yu-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education
| | | | - Ker-Yin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University
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26
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An Easy Synthesis of Monofluorinated Derivatives of Pyrroles from β-Fluoro-β-Nitrostyrenes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123515. [PMID: 34207692 PMCID: PMC8229656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalyst-free conjugate addition of pyrroles to β-Fluoro-β-nitrostyrenes was investigated. The reaction was found to proceed under solvent-free conditions to form 2-(2-Fluoro-2-nitro-1-arylethyl)-1H-pyrroles. The effectiveness of this approach was demonstrated through the preparation of a series of the target products in a quantitative yield. The kinetics of a conjugate addition of pyrrole was studied in detail to reveal the substituent effect and activation parameters of the reaction. The subsequent base-induced elimination of nitrous acid afforded a series of novel 2-(2-Fluoro-1-arylvinyl)-1H-pyrroles prepared in up to an 85% isolated yield. The two-step sequence herein proposed is an indispensable alternative to a direct reaction with elusive and unstable 1-Fluoroacetylenes.
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27
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Fu L, Liu Y, Wan JP. Pd-Catalyzed Triple-Fold C(sp 2)-H Activation with Enaminones and Alkenes for Pyrrole Synthesis via Hydrogen Evolution. Org Lett 2021; 23:4363-4367. [PMID: 34013729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of NH-free pyrroles via Pd-catalyzed annulation of enaminones and alkenes is reported. With the catalysis of Pd(II), the activation of triple C(sp2)-H bonds, including one internal C(sp2)-H bond in enaminone, has been activated to provide various pyrroles. The interesting evolution of hydrogen gas from the reactions has been observed by a hydrogen detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiqing Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Bio-Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Ping Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
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28
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Yadav S, Suresh S. N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Stetter Reaction to Access Dibenzo‐fused Seven‐membered Heterocycles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Yadav
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT) Hyderabad 500 007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 India
| | - Surisetti Suresh
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT) Hyderabad 500 007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 India
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29
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Palmieri A, Petrini M. Synthesis and practical applications of 2-(2-nitroalkyl)pyrroles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 18:4533-4546. [PMID: 32510092 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00956c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Functionalization of pyrroles introducing a 2-nitroalkyl moiety allows the formation of nitro-containing compounds to be used as pivotal intermediates for the synthesis of bioactive compounds. The reaction of pyrroles with nitroalkenes under the Friedel-Crafts conditions allows a direct entry to 2-(2-nitroalkyl)pyrroles. This approach can also be used for the preparation of enantioenriched derivatives exploiting asymmetric catalysis. In a complementary fashion, the Henry reaction between 2-formylpyrroles and nitroalkanes generates the corresponding nitroaldol products which upon dehydration and reduction of the intermediate 2-pyrrolylnitroethene efficiently afford 2-(2-nitroalkyl)pyrroles. This review article summarizes the most relevant procedures for the preparation of 2-(2-nitroalkyl)pyrroles during the last two decades as well as their significant practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Palmieri
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino n. 1, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
| | - Marino Petrini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino n. 1, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
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30
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Crystalline salicylic acid as an efficient catalyst for ultrafast Paal–Knorr pyrrole synthesis under microwave induction. J CHEM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-021-01891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Borah B, Dwivedi KD, Chowhan LR. Recent approaches in the organocatalytic synthesis of pyrroles. RSC Adv 2021; 11:13585-13601. [PMID: 35423869 PMCID: PMC8697526 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01690c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Organocatalysis has emerged as one of the most important tools for the synthesis of diverse structural scaffolds, and has become one of the most important hot topics of current research. Construction of the pyrrole ring has gained much attention from the last few decades due to its remarkable biological activities, pharmaceutical application, intermediate in the synthesis of many natural products, and material science application. With access to these 5-membered aza heterocycles, organocatalytic approaches have provided a new alternative from the perspective of synthetic efficiency, as well as from the green chemistry point of view, and a vast array of synthetic procedures has been developed. Enlightened by the significance of this growing research area, we aim to describe the recent organocatalytic approaches developed for the construction of pyrroles, and organized them based on substrates employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Borah
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar 382030 India
| | - Kartikey Dhar Dwivedi
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar 382030 India
| | - L Raju Chowhan
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar 382030 India
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32
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Xiong M, Liang X, Zhou Y, Pan Y. Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrroles through Electro-Oxidative Annulation of 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds and Primary Amines. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4986-4993. [PMID: 33726491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is a synthetic method of polysubstituted pyrroles from easily available materials, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and primary amines, via electro-oxidative intermolecular annulation. Under similar conditions, enamines are also converted smoothly into desired products, indicating that in situ formed enamines are crucial intermediates for the first transformation. Neither transition-metal salts nor harsh conditions are required to facilitate the dehydrocyclization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingteng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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33
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Agafonova AV, Funt LD, Novikov MS, Khlebnikov AF. An isoxazole strategy for the synthesis of alkyl 5-amino-4-cyano-1 H-pyrrole-2-carboxylates - versatile building blocks for assembling pyrrolo-fused heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1976-1984. [PMID: 33566047 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00053e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A full atom-economical domino method has been developed for the preparation of alkyl 5-amino-4-cyano-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylates by transannulation of 5-alkoxyisoxazoles with malononitrile under Fe(ii) catalysis. Alkyl 5-amino-4-cyano-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylates are excellent building blocks for various annulation reactions, leading to new derivatives of 1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazole and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine. The DFT calculations of mechanistic details of alkyl 5-amino-4-cyano-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate formation are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya V Agafonova
- St Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Liya D Funt
- St Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Mikhail S Novikov
- St Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Alexander F Khlebnikov
- St Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
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34
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Maji M, Panja D, Borthakur I, Kundu S. Recent advances in sustainable synthesis of N-heterocycles following acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling protocol using alcohols. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01577f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we have summarized various aspects of homogeneous and heterogeneously catalyzed recent advancements in the synthesis of heterocycles following the ADC approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Maji
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Dibyajyoti Panja
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Ishani Borthakur
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Sabuj Kundu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
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35
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Chang D, Chen J, Liu Y, Huang H, Qin A, Deng GJ. Metal-Free Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of 1,2,4-Triarylpyrroles. J Org Chem 2020; 86:110-127. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Jinjin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Huawen Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Anjun Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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36
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Huang W, Wang K, Liu P, Li M, Ke S, Gu Y. Three-component reactions of aromatic amines, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, and α-bromoacetaldehyde acetal to access N-(hetero)aryl-4,5-unsubstituted pyrroles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2920-2928. [PMID: 33335599 PMCID: PMC7722624 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
N-(Hetero)aryl-4,5-unsubstituted pyrroles were synthesized from (hetero)arylamines, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, and α-bromoacetaldehyde acetal by using aluminum(III) chloride as a Lewis acid catalyst through [1 + 2 + 2] annulation. This new versatile methodology provides a wide scope for the synthesis of different functional N-(hetero)aryl-4,5-unsubstituted pyrrole scaffolds, which can be further derived to access multisubstituted pyrrole-3-carboxamides. In the presence of 1.2 equiv of KI, a polysubstituted pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivative was also successfully synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Huang
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 8 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Kaimei Wang
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 8 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi City 832004, China
| | - Minghao Li
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shaoyong Ke
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 8 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Yanlong Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi City 832004, China
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, China
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Rossi R, Ciofalo M. An Updated Review on the Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Molecular Hybrids and Conjugates Bearing Imidazole Moiety. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215133. [PMID: 33158247 PMCID: PMC7663458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of serious infections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria, especially the nosocomial ESKAPE pathogens, has been acknowledged by Governments and scientists and is one of the world's major health problems. Various strategies have been and are currently investigated and developed to reduce and/or delay the bacterial resistance. One of these strategies regards the design and development of antimicrobial hybrids and conjugates. This unprecedented critical review, in which our continuing interest in the synthesis and evaluation of the bioactivity of imidazole derivatives is testified, aims to summarise and comment on the results obtained from the end of the 1900s until February 2020 in studies conducted by numerous international research groups on the synthesis and evaluation of the antibacterial properties of imidazole-based molecular hybrids and conjugates in which the pharmacophoric constituents of these compounds are directly covalently linked or connected through a linker or spacer. In this review, significant attention was paid to summarise the strategies used to overcome the antibiotic resistance of pathogens whose infections are difficult to treat with conventional antibiotics. However, it does not include literature data on the synthesis and evaluation of the bioactivity of hybrids and conjugates in which an imidazole moiety is fused with a carbo- or heterocyclic subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi, 3, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Maurizio Ciofalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (M.C.)
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38
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Roy Chowdhury S, Singh D, Hoque IU, Maity S. Organic Dye-Catalyzed Intermolecular Radical Coupling of α-Bromocarbonyls with Olefins: Photocatalytic Synthesis of 1,4-Ketocarbonyls Using Air as an Oxidant. J Org Chem 2020; 85:13939-13950. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepak Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, JH 826004, India
| | - Injamam Ul Hoque
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, JH 826004, India
| | - Soumitra Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, JH 826004, India
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39
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Kaur K, Srivastava S. Artificial sugar saccharin and its derivatives: role as a catalyst. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36571-36608. [PMID: 35517977 PMCID: PMC9057081 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05974a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this review was to demonstrate the significance of artificial sugar saccharin and its derivatives as catalysts for a wide variety of organic transformations. The application of saccharin and its derivatives represents a greener and superior catalytic approach for reactions. In particular, we were interested in bringing together the literature pertaining to these saccharin derivatives from a catalysis perspective. The present review reports synthesis of saccharin and its derivatives such as saccharin-N-sulfonic acid, sodium saccharin, N-halo saccharin, saccharin lithium-bromide, N-formyl saccharin, N-acyl saccharin, N-nitrosaccharin, N-SCF3 saccharin, N-fluorosultam, N-phenylselenosaccharin, N-thiocyanatosaccharin palladium saccharin, DMAP-saccharin, and [Bmim]Sac. This catalytic application of saccharin and its derivatives includes reactions such as the Biginelli reaction, Paal-Knorr pyrrole synthesis, azo-coupling reaction, halogenations, domino Knoevenagel, Michael, deoximation reaction, catalytic condensation, functional group protection and oxidation etc. Also, these saccharin derivatives act as a source of CO, NH2, SCN, SCF3 and nitro groups. We reported all the available data on saccharin and its derivatives acting as a catalyst from 1957 to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalpreet Kaur
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Delhi NILERD Campus, Sec A-7, Narela Delhi 110040 India
| | - Suman Srivastava
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Delhi NILERD Campus, Sec A-7, Narela Delhi 110040 India
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40
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Naturally occurring organic acids for organocatalytic synthesis of pyrroles via Paal–Knorr reaction. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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41
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Nickel-catalyzed formal [3 + 2]-cycloaddition of 2H-azirines with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds for the synthesis of pyrroles. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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42
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Bismuth as Smart Material and Its Application in the Ninth Principle of Sustainable Chemistry. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/9802934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reports an overview of Green Chemistry and the concept of its twelve principles. This study focusses on the ninth principle of Green Chemistry, that is, catalysis. A report on catalysis, in line with its definition, background, classification, properties, and applications, is provided. The study also entails a green element called bismuth. Bismuth’s low toxicity and low cost have made researchers focus on its wide applications in catalysis. It exhibits smartness in all the catalytic activities with the highest catalytic performance among other metals.
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Gao P, Chen HJ, Bai ZJ, Zhao MN, Yang D, Wang J, Wang N, Du L, Guan ZH. IBX-Promoted Oxidative Cyclization of N-Hydroxyalkyl Enamines: A Metal-Free Approach toward 2,3-Disubstituted Pyrroles and Pyridines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7939-7951. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, Shaanxi 721013, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Huai-Juan Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, Shaanxi 721013, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Jing Bai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, Shaanxi 721013, P. R. China
| | - Mi-Na Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, Shaanxi 721013, P. R. China
| | - Desuo Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, Shaanxi 721013, P. R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, Shaanxi 721013, P. R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, Shaanxi 721013, P. R. China
| | - Lele Du
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, Shaanxi 721013, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hui Guan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
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Ge J, Ding Q, Wang X, Peng Y. Three-Component Cascade Synthesis of Fully Substituted Trifluoromethyl Pyrroles via a Cu(II)/Rh(III)-Promoted Aza-Michael Addition/Trifluoromethylation Cyclization/Oxidation Reaction. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7658-7665. [PMID: 32426980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junying Ge
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and Jiangxi’s Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P. R. of China
| | - Qiuping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and Jiangxi’s Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P. R. of China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and Jiangxi’s Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P. R. of China
| | - Yiyuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and Jiangxi’s Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P. R. of China
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45
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Banerjee B, Bhardwaj V, Kaur A, Kaur G, Singh A. Catalytic Applications of Saccharin and its Derivatives in Organic Synthesis. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666191121144758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
:
Saccharin (1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one-1,1-dioxide) is a very mild, cheap,
commercially available, water soluble, environmentally benign and edible Brønsted acidic
substance. Recently, with other utilities, saccharin and its derivatives were employed as
catalysts for various organic transformations. In this review, catalytic applicability of saccharin
and its derivatives under various reaction conditions is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bubun Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indus International University, Village and Post Office Bathu, District Una, Himachal Pradesh 174301, India
| | - Vaishali Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry, Indus International University, Village and Post Office Bathu, District Una, Himachal Pradesh 174301, India
| | - Amninder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Indus International University, Village and Post Office Bathu, District Una, Himachal Pradesh 174301, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Indus International University, Village and Post Office Bathu, District Una, Himachal Pradesh 174301, India
| | - Arvind Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indus International University, Village and Post Office Bathu, District Una, Himachal Pradesh 174301, India
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46
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Soni JP, Chemitikanti KS, Joshi SV, Shankaraiah N. The microwave-assisted syntheses and applications of non-fused single-nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:9737-9761. [PMID: 33211792 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01779e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Microwave technology has emerged as a great tool for the efficient synthesis of organic compounds and it provides opportunities for chemists to achieve chemical transformations that tend to be challenging using classical approaches. Additionally, N-heterocycles are well-known for their medicinal/biological significance, along with their applications as excellent building blocks in chemical synthesis. The dominance of N-heterocycles in drug molecules and other pharmacological agents makes them attractive scaffolds, which encourages chemists to develop a wide range of strategies towards the greener synthesis and functionalization of these heterocycles. In this regard, we have collated and discussed literature relating to the microwave-assisted synthesis and the modification of non-(benzo)fused single-nitrogen-containing N-heterocycles from the past decade. The role of the microwave technique and its benefits over the conventional approach have also been emphasized in terms of overall reaction efficiency, reaction time, yield, reduced side-product generation, neat and clean reactions, chemo-/regio-/enantio-selectivity, and the use of mild reagents/reaction conditions to achieve the objectives of green and sustainable chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Soni
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad - 500037, India.
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47
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Gong J, Peshkov AA, Yu J, Amandykova S, Gimnkhan A, Huang J, Kashtanov S, Pereshivko OP, Peshkov VA. Three-component reaction of azulene, aryl glyoxal and 1,3-dicarbonyl compound for the synthesis of various azulene derivatives. RSC Adv 2020; 10:10113-10117. [PMID: 35498572 PMCID: PMC9050217 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00356e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A three-component reaction of an azulene, an aryl glyoxal and a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound has been elaborated to access a series of azulene derivatives. Some of these azulene-containing adducts were further subjected to post-MCR transformations to assemble azulene–heterocycle conjugates. Three-component reaction of azulene, aryl glyoxal and 1,3-dicarbonyl compound and subsequent post-transformations provide access to three distinct types of azulene derivatives.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gong
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Anatoly A. Peshkov
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Sciences and Humanities
- Nazarbayev University
- Nur-Sultan 010000
- Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Jiafeng Yu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Sagadat Amandykova
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Sciences and Humanities
- Nazarbayev University
- Nur-Sultan 010000
- Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Aidana Gimnkhan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Sciences and Humanities
- Nazarbayev University
- Nur-Sultan 010000
- Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Jianjun Huang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Stepan Kashtanov
- Department of Chemistry
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University
- Suzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Olga P. Pereshivko
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Vsevolod A. Peshkov
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- P. R. China
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48
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Wang Y, Furukawa S, Fu X, Yan N. Organonitrogen Chemicals from Oxygen-Containing Feedstock over Heterogeneous Catalysts. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b03744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Shinya Furukawa
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysis and Battery, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Xinpu Fu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
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49
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Huang W, Chen S, Chen Z, Yue M, Li M, Gu Y. Synthesis of Multisubstituted Pyrroles from Enolizable Aldehydes and Primary Amines Promoted by Iodine. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5655-5666. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Shaomin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Meie Yue
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, China
| | - Minghao Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Yanlong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, 730000 Lanzhou, China
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