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Gholamalizadeh M, Tajadod S, Majidi N, Aghakhaninejad Z, Mahmoudi Z, Mousavi Z, Amjadi A, Alami F, Torkaman M, Saeedirad Z, Doaei S, Shafaei H, Kalantari N. Associations between diet and nutritional supplements and colorectal cancer: A systematic review. JGH Open 2024; 8:e13108. [PMID: 39027159 PMCID: PMC11256152 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Background and Aim Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers around the world. The link between nutrients and the likelihood of developing CRC remains uncertain. The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the potential connection between dietary intake/dietary supplements and the occurrence of CRC through a literature review. Methods A comprehensive online search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from January 1990 to March 2023 using appropriate keywords. A systematic search was conducted for clinical trials and cohort studies in order to determine the relationship between dietary components/supplements and CRC. Results The intake of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs), consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has the potential to decrease the likelihood of developing CRC (eight studies found positive effects and four studies found no association). Some other dietary components such as probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics may contribute to suppressing CRC development (three studies found positive effects, whereas three studies did not find any association). There is inconclusive evidence that supplementation with certain micronutrients including vitamin D (one trial found positive effects and another trial reported no association), folate, zinc, and selenium may reduce the risk of CRC. Conclusion Some dietary supplements such as n-3 LCPUFAs and probiotics have the potential to reduce the risk of developing CRC. Further studies are necessary to validate these results and understand the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Shirin Tajadod
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, International CampusIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Nazanin Majidi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Zohreh Aghakhaninejad
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of HealthKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Zahra Mahmoudi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Zahra Mousavi
- Nursing and Midwifery schoolShahed University. TehranIran
| | - Arezoo Amjadi
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Farkhondeh Alami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of MedicineUrmia University of Medical SciencesUrmiaIran
| | - Mahdie Torkaman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Zahra Saeedirad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food TechnologyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Departments of Community Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food TechnologyNational Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hanieh Shafaei
- Shahid Beheshti College of MidwiferyGilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- Departments of Community Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food TechnologyNational Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Greilberger J, Stiegler P, Greilberger M, Wintersteiger R. The Influence of N-Acetyl-selenomethionine on Two RONS-Generating Cancer Cell Lines Compared to N-Acetyl-methionine. Cells 2024; 13:937. [PMID: 38891069 PMCID: PMC11172027 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
N-acetyl-selenomethionine (NASeLM), a representative of the selenium compounds, failed to convince in clinical studies and cell cultures that it neither inhibits cancer growth nor has a chemoprotective effect. This study aims to find out whether NASeLM shows a growth-inhibiting property compared to the carrier substance N-Acetyl-L-methionine (NALM) on two different cancer cells, namely Jurkat cells and MTC-SK cells. METHODS Jurkat and MTC-SK cells were cultured in the absence or presence of varying concentrations (0-500 µg/mL) of NASeLM and NALM solutions. After 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, mitochondrial activity, cancer cell membrane CP levels, cell growth, and caspase-3 activity were assessed in aliquots of Jurkat and MTC-SK cells. RESULTS Both substances, NASeLM and NALM, were similarly able to inhibit cell growth and mitochondrial activity of Jurkat cells in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner up to 70%. Only the determination of caspase activity showed that only NASeLM was able to increase this to almost 40% compared to the control as well as the same lack of NALM. However, the experiments on MTC-SK cells showed a clear difference in favor of NASeLM compared to NALM. While NASeLM was able to reduce cell growth to up to 55%, the same amount of NALM was only at around 15%, which turned out to be highly significant (p < 0.001). The same could also be measured for the reduction in MTC-SK mitochondrial activity. Time dependence could also be recognized: the longer both substances, NASeLM and NALM, were incubated, the higher the effect on cell growth and mitochondrial activity, in favour of NASeLM. Only NASeLM was able to increase caspase-3 activity in MTC-SK cells: at 250 µg/mL NASeLM, caspase-3 activity increased significantly to 28% after 24 and 48 h compared to the control (14%) or the same NALM concentration (14%). After 72 h, this could still increase to 37%. A further increase in the NASeLM concentration did not result in higher caspase-3 activity. CONCLUSION NASeLM could clearly increase caspase-3 activity in both cell types, Jurkat or MTC-SK cells, and thus induce cell death. NALM and NASeLM showed a reduction in cell growth and mitochondrial activity in both cell lines: While NALM and NASeLM showed almost identical measurements on Jurkat cells, NASeLM was much more effective on MTC-SK than the non-selenium-containing carrier, indicating that it has additional anti-chemoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Greilberger
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Philipp Stiegler
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Michaela Greilberger
- Institut für Laborwissenschaft Dr. Greilberger, Schwarzl Medical Center, 8053 Lassnitzhoehe, Austria;
| | - Reinhold Wintersteiger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
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3
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Augustyniak M, Galas A. Selenium dietary intake and survival among CRC patients. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2023; 93:518-528. [PMID: 36176217 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Despite advances in prevention and treatment, colorectal cancer remains the second most common cause of cancer death. To date, little is known about the role of prediagnostic selenium intake in colorectal cancer survival. Objective: The purpose of the study was to verify whether selenium intake in habitual diet before diagnosis is associated with survival in colorectal cancer patients. Study design: This was a prospective observation of patients primarily recruited for a case-control study between 2000 and 2012 in Cracow, Poland. A group of 671 incident cases of colorectal cancer was included. Habitual diet was assessed using a validated 148-item food questionnaire. 338 deaths were identified throughout 2017 by the Polish National Vital Registry. To evaluate the impact of dietary selenium on survival, the multivariable Cox regression model was used. Results: After standardization for several potential confounders (including key determinants, such as radical surgery, chemotherapy, tumor stage, and dietary factors), a decrease in the risk of death from colorectal cancer was observed in the group with higher dietary selenium intake (≥48.8 μg/day, group mean: 63.9 μg/day) compared to the group with lower dietary selenium intake (<48.8 μg/day, mean: 38.5 μg/day) (HR=0.73; 95% CI: 0.54-0.98) (the median was used for categorization). Conclusion: Our study suggests selenium as an additional dietary factor which may be associated with survival among colorectal cancer patients referred to surgery. Due to the observational nature of the study, the results should be taken with caution. These preliminary findings, however, provide the basis for well-structured clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Augustyniak
- Department of Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksander Galas
- Department of Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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4
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Yu YC, Paragomi P, Jin A, Wang R, Schoen RE, Koh WP, Yuan JM, Luu HN. Low-Carbohydrate Diet Score and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Findings from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:802-808. [PMID: 36944231 PMCID: PMC10239354 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is common cancer with a high mortality rate. Low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score holistically evaluates the LCD pattern from carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake. Epidemiologic data of LCD-colorectal cancer association are sparse. METHODS We evaluated the associations between LCD (i.e., total, animal- and plant-based) and colorectal cancer risk in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a population-based prospective cohort study including 61,321 Chinese in Singapore who were 45 to 74 years old at baseline. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to determine the HRs and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) for colorectal cancer associated with LCD after adjusting for potential confounders, including age, sex, BMI, physical activity, family history of colorectal cancer, etc. RESULTS After an average of 19.5 years of follow-up, 2,520 participants developed colorectal cancer (1,608 colon cancer and 912 rectal cancer). Overall, the association between total or plant-based LCD scores with the risk of colorectal, colon, or rectal cancer was null (all Ptrend ≥ 0.28). The animal-based LCD was modestly associated with colon cancer risk (Ptrend = 0.02), but not with rectal cancer. Compared with the lowest quartile, HRs (95% CIs) of colon cancer for quartiles 2, 3, and 4 of animal-based LCD were 1.12 (0.98-1.29), 1.27 (1.10-1.46), and 1.14 (0.99-1.31), respectively. CONCLUSIONS A low-level carbohydrate diet with a high level of animal protein and fat was associated with a moderate increase in the risk of colon cancer among Chinese Singaporeans. IMPACT High consumption of animal protein/fat and low consumption of carbohydrates may increase colon cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chuan Yu
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pedram Paragomi
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aizhen Jin
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Renwei Wang
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert E. Schoen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hung N. Luu
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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5
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Pruteanu LL, Bailey DS, Grădinaru AC, Jäntschi L. The Biochemistry and Effectiveness of Antioxidants in Food, Fruits, and Marine Algae. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040860. [PMID: 37107235 PMCID: PMC10135154 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is more effective to maintain good health than to regain it after losing it. This work focuses on the biochemical defense mechanisms against free radicals and their role in building and maintaining antioxidant shields, aiming to show how to balance, as much as possible, the situations in which we are exposed to free radicals. To achieve this aim, foods, fruits, and marine algae with a high antioxidant content should constitute the basis of nutritional elements, since natural products are known to have significantly greater assimilation efficiency. This review also gives the perspective in which the use of antioxidants can extend the life of food products, by protecting them from damage caused by oxidation as well as their use as food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Lorena Pruteanu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, North University Center at Baia Mare, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - David Stanley Bailey
- IOTA Pharmaceuticals Ltd., St Johns Innovation Centre, Cowley Road, Cambridge CB4 0WS, UK
| | - Andrei Cristian Grădinaru
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Life Sciences of Iaşi, 700490 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Lorentz Jäntschi
- Institute of Doctoral Studies, Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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6
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Yu YC, Paragomi P, Wang R, Jin A, Schoen RE, Sheng LT, Pan A, Koh WP, Yuan JM, Luu HN. Composite dietary antioxidant index and the risk of colorectal cancer: Findings from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Int J Cancer 2022; 150:1599-1608. [PMID: 35001362 PMCID: PMC8930521 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to cancer death globally. Several studies showed some protections by certain individual dietary antioxidants against CRC development. Epidemiologic data on the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) in relation to CRC risk are sparse. Using the Singapore Chinese Health Study, an ongoing prospective cohort consisting of 61 321 cancer-free participants aged 45 to 74 years at baseline, a food-based CDAI was calculated according to a previously established and validated method that included six food-sourced antioxidants including vitamins A, C and E, manganese, selenium and zinc. Cox proportional hazard regression method was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CRC associated with various levels of CDAI with adjustment for multiple potential confounders. After an average of 17.5 years of follow-up, 2140 participants developed CRC. HRs (95% CIs) of CRC for quartiles 2, 3 and 4 of CDAI were 0.94 (0.83-1.07), 0.86 (0.75-1.00) and 0.80 (0.66-0.98), respectively, compared to the lowest quartile (Ptrend = .02). This inverse association between CDAI and CRC risk was more apparent in women or those without a history of diabetes, without family history of CRC, never smokers or overweight/obese individuals. However, none of the heterogeneity tests for the CDAI-CRC risk association reached statistical significance. Our findings suggest that food-based antioxidants may be beneficial for reducing the risk of CRC in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chuan Yu
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pedram Paragomi
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Renwei Wang
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aizhen Jin
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Robert E Schoen
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Li-Ting Sheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hung N Luu
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Abstract
The protective effect of selenium against colorectal cancer or adenoma is still a controversial
issue. Although there are well-described (pato)physiological protective mechanisms of selenium
against colorectal cancer, the results of the studies from 1998-2018 are inconclusive and
need to be considered in the future. Neither observational nor experimental studies present
consistent results. Although the Cochrane review showed that well-designed randomized
clinical trials (RCTs) presented no beneficial effect of selenium supplementation on cancer
incidence, well-designed RCTs confirming the protective effect of selenium supplementation
against colorectal adenoma or colorectal polyp recurrence have been found in subject-related
literature.
In the reviewed studies, selenium concentration was measured in the blood serum/toenail or
in diet. It is of great importance to highlight that blood selenium concentration depends on
the concentration of this micronutrient in food, which in turn depends on selenium content in
soil, bioavailability of selenium, which is different in various geographical regions, and forms
of selenium. Selenium circulating in blood as a component of selenoproteins participates in
oxidoreduction, thus reducing the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Despite this well-known
protective mechanism against colorectal cancer occurrence, half of the reviewed studies did
not confirm the protective properties of selenium.
To sum up, the current state of knowledge on the association between selenium and colorectal
cancer or adenoma has revealed not only inconclusive results of the studies, but has also shown
that there is a need to conduct more prospective studies focused on selenium supplementation
and colorectal cancer as this research is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Augustyniak
- Department of Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland
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8
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Arthur RS, Kirsh VA, Rohan TE. Dietary B-Vitamin Intake and Risk of Breast, Endometrial, Ovarian and Colorectal Cancer among Canadians. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:1067-1077. [PMID: 30955365 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1597904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have explored the associations of thiamin, niacin and riboflavin with risk of cancer despite their role in potentially cancer-associated one-carbon metabolism. Using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models modified for the case-cohort design, we examined the associations of dietary intake of the above-mentioned B vitamins, as well as folate, and vitamins B6 and B12, with risk of the breast (n = 922), endometrial (n = 180), ovarian (n = 104) and colorectal (n = 266) cancers among age-stratified subcohorts of 3,185 women who were randomly selected from a cohort of 73,909 participants. None of the B-vitamins were associated with risk of breast or colorectal cancers. However, relatively high dietary intake of folate intake was inversely associated with risk of endometrial (HRq4 vs q1: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29-0.93) and ovarian (HRq3 vs q1: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.19-0.80) cancers while relatively high dietary intake of vitamin B6 was inversely associated with ovarian cancer risk (HRq3 vs q1: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.24-0.98). These findings suggest that dietary intake of folate may reduce risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers and dietary intake of vitamin B6 may reduce risk of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda S Arthur
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx , New York , USA
| | - Victoria A Kirsh
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Thomas E Rohan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx , New York , USA
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9
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Malcomson FC. Mechanisms underlying the effects of nutrition, adiposity and physical activity on colorectal cancer risk. NUTR BULL 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Peters KM, Carlson BA, Gladyshev VN, Tsuji PA. Selenoproteins in colon cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 127:14-25. [PMID: 29793041 PMCID: PMC6168369 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Selenocysteine-containing proteins (selenoproteins) have been implicated in the regulation of various cell signaling pathways, many of which are linked to colorectal malignancies. In this in-depth excurse into the selenoprotein literature, we review possible roles for human selenoproteins in colorectal cancer, focusing on the typical hallmarks of cancer cells and their tumor-enabling characteristics. Human genome studies of single nucleotide polymorphisms in various genes coding for selenoproteins have revealed potential involvement of glutathione peroxidases, thioredoxin reductases, and other proteins. Cell culture studies with targeted down-regulation of selenoproteins and studies utilizing knockout/transgenic animal models have helped elucidate the potential roles of individual selenoproteins in this malignancy. Those selenoproteins, for which strong links to development or progression of colorectal cancer have been described, may be potential future targets for clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Peters
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, Towson University, 8000 York Rd, Towson, MD 21252, United States.
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Dept. of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Petra A Tsuji
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, Towson University, 8000 York Rd, Towson, MD 21252, United States.
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Hachimura S, Totsuka M, Hosono A. Immunomodulation by food: impact on gut immunity and immune cell function. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:584-599. [PMID: 29448897 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1433017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that various food components affect the immune response. These components act on various immune cells, and their effects are mediated through the intestinal immune system and, in some cases, the intestinal microbiota. In this review, we describe the immunomodulating effects of various food components, including probiotics, prebiotics, polysaccharides, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, peptides, amino acids and polyphenols. Some of these components enhance immune responses, leading to host defense against infection, whereas others inhibit immune responses, thus suppressing allergy and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Hachimura
- a Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Japan
| | - Mamoru Totsuka
- b Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Life Science , Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University , Japan
| | - Akira Hosono
- c Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences , Nihon University , Japan
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12
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Vinceti M, Filippini T, Del Giovane C, Dennert G, Zwahlen M, Brinkman M, Zeegers MPA, Horneber M, D'Amico R, Crespi CM. Selenium for preventing cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 1:CD005195. [PMID: 29376219 PMCID: PMC6491296 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd005195.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review is the third update of the Cochrane review "Selenium for preventing cancer". Selenium is a naturally occurring element with both nutritional and toxicological properties. Higher selenium exposure and selenium supplements have been suggested to protect against several types of cancer. OBJECTIVES To gather and present evidence needed to address two research questions:1. What is the aetiological relationship between selenium exposure and cancer risk in humans?2. Describe the efficacy of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention in humans. SEARCH METHODS We updated electronic searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2017, Issue 2), MEDLINE (Ovid, 2013 to January 2017, week 4), and Embase (2013 to 2017, week 6), as well as searches of clinical trial registries. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and longitudinal observational studies that enrolled adult participants. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We performed random-effects (RE) meta-analyses when two or more RCTs were available for a specific outcome. We conducted RE meta-analyses when five or more observational studies were available for a specific outcome. We assessed risk of bias in RCTs and in observational studies using Cochrane's risk assessment tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, respectively. We considered in the primary analysis data pooled from RCTs with low risk of bias. We assessed the certainty of evidence by using the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS We included 83 studies in this updated review: two additional RCTs (10 in total) and a few additional trial reports for previously included studies. RCTs involved 27,232 participants allocated to either selenium supplements or placebo. For analyses of RCTs with low risk of bias, the summary risk ratio (RR) for any cancer incidence was 1.01 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93 to 1.10; 3 studies, 19,475 participants; high-certainty evidence). The RR for estimated cancer mortality was 1.02 (95% CI 0.80 to 1.30; 1 study, 17,444 participants). For the most frequently investigated site-specific cancers, investigators provided little evidence of any effect of selenium supplementation. Two RCTs with 19,009 participants indicated that colorectal cancer was unaffected by selenium administration (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.43), as were non-melanoma skin cancer (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.30 to 4.42; 2 studies, 2027 participants), lung cancer (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.50; 2 studies, 19,009 participants), breast cancer (RR 2.04, 95% CI 0.44 to 9.55; 1 study, 802 participants), bladder cancer (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.52; 2 studies, 19,009 participants), and prostate cancer (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.14; 4 studies, 18,942 participants). Certainty of the evidence was high for all of these cancer sites, except for breast cancer, which was of moderate certainty owing to imprecision, and non-melanoma skin cancer, which we judged as moderate certainty owing to high heterogeneity. RCTs with low risk of bias suggested increased melanoma risk.Results for most outcomes were similar when we included all RCTs in the meta-analysis, regardless of risk of bias. Selenium supplementation did not reduce overall cancer incidence (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.14; 5 studies, 21,860 participants) nor mortality (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.32; 2 studies, 18,698 participants). Summary RRs for site-specific cancers showed limited changes compared with estimates from high-quality studies alone, except for liver cancer, for which results were reversed.In the largest trial, the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Trial, selenium supplementation increased risks of alopecia and dermatitis, and for participants with highest background selenium status, supplementation also increased risk of high-grade prostate cancer. RCTs showed a slightly increased risk of type 2 diabetes associated with supplementation. A hypothesis generated by the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial - that individuals with low blood selenium levels could reduce their risk of cancer (particularly prostate cancer) by increasing selenium intake - has not been confirmed. As RCT participants have been overwhelmingly male (88%), we could not assess the potential influence of sex or gender.We included 15 additional observational cohort studies (70 in total; over 2,360,000 participants). We found that lower cancer incidence (summary odds ratio (OR) 0.72, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.93; 7 studies, 76,239 participants) and lower cancer mortality (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.97; 7 studies, 183,863 participants) were associated with the highest category of selenium exposure compared with the lowest. Cancer incidence was lower in men (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.14, 4 studies, 29,365 men) than in women (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.77, 2 studies, 18,244 women). Data show a decrease in risk of site-specific cancers for stomach, colorectal, lung, breast, bladder, and prostate cancers. However, these studies have major weaknesses due to study design, exposure misclassification, and potential unmeasured confounding due to lifestyle or nutritional factors covarying with selenium exposure beyond those taken into account in multi-variable analyses. In addition, no evidence of a dose-response relation between selenium status and cancer risk emerged. Certainty of evidence was very low for each outcome. Some studies suggested that genetic factors might modify the relation between selenium and cancer risk - an issue that merits further investigation. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Well-designed and well-conducted RCTs have shown no beneficial effect of selenium supplements in reducing cancer risk (high certainty of evidence). Some RCTs have raised concerns by reporting a higher incidence of high-grade prostate cancer and type 2 diabetes in participants with selenium supplementation. No clear evidence of an influence of baseline participant selenium status on outcomes has emerged in these studies.Observational longitudinal studies have shown an inverse association between selenium exposure and risk of some cancer types, but null and direct relations have also been reported, and no systematic pattern suggesting dose-response relations has emerged. These studies suffer from limitations inherent to the observational design, including exposure misclassification and unmeasured confounding.Overall, there is no evidence to suggest that increasing selenium intake through diet or supplementation prevents cancer in humans. However, more research is needed to assess whether selenium may modify the risk of cancer in individuals with a specific genetic background or nutritional status, and to investigate possible differential effects of various forms of selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- Boston University School of Public HealthDepartment of Epidemiology715 Albany StreetBoston, MAUSA02118
- University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaResearch Center in Environmental, Nutritional and Genetic Epidemiology (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural SciencesVia Campi 287ModenaItaly41125
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaResearch Center in Environmental, Nutritional and Genetic Epidemiology (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural SciencesVia Campi 287ModenaItaly41125
| | - Cinzia Del Giovane
- University of BernInstitute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM)Gesellschaftsstrasse 49BernSwitzerland3012
- University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaCochrane Italy, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health MedicineVia del Pozzo, 71ModenaItaly41100
| | - Gabriele Dennert
- University of Applied Sciences DortmundSocial Medicine and Public Health with Focus on Gender and Diversity, Department of Applied Social SciencesEmil‐Figge‐Str. 44DortmundGermanyD‐44227
| | - Marcel Zwahlen
- University of BernInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM)Finkelhubelweg11BernSwitzerland3012
| | - Maree Brinkman
- Nutrition Biomed Research InstituteDepartment of Nutritional Epidemiology and Clinical StudiesArgyle Place SouthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia3053
- Chairgroup of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Care and Public Health Research InstituteUnit of Nutritional and Cancer EpidemiologyMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtNetherlands
| | | | - Markus Horneber
- Paracelsus Medical University, Klinikum NurembergDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology and HematologyProf.‐Ernst‐Nathan‐Str. 1NurembergGermanyD‐90419
| | - Roberto D'Amico
- University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaCochrane Italy, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health MedicineVia del Pozzo, 71ModenaItaly41100
| | - Catherine M Crespi
- University of California Los AngelesBiostatisticsFielding School of Public Health650 Charles Young Drive South, A2‐125 CHS, Box 956900Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA90095‐6900
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13
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Moazzen S, Dolatkhah R, Tabrizi JS, Shaarbafi J, Alizadeh BZ, de Bock GH, Dastgiri S. Folic acid intake and folate status and colorectal cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2017; 37:1926-1934. [PMID: 29132834 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS To evaluate the controversies among the studies assessing the association between folic acid intake or folate status and colorectal cancer risk. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane library and references of related articles were searched from January 2000 to September 2016. Studies on folic acid intake or folate status and colorectal cancer or adenoma risk were included. Full text review was conducted for potentially eligible studies. Quality assessment was performed. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate risk ratio and 95% Confidence Intervals. Analysis was conducted by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. RESULTS Folic acid supplement intake showed no significant effect on colorectal cancer risk in meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, RR: 1.07 (95% CI: 0.86-1.43). The effect on risk was not significant in cohort studies either; RR = 0.96 (95% CI: 0.76-1.21). However, there was significant reduced colorectal cancer risk in total folate intake in cohort studies; 0.71 (95% CI: 0.59-0.86). Odds Ratio was also significantly reduced in case control studies; 0.77 (95% CI: 0.62-0.95). Nevertheless once folate status was measured as Red Blood Cell folate content, no significant effect on colorectal cancer risk was observed; 1.05 (95% CI: 0.85-1.30). CONCLUSION The differences in bioavailability and metabolism of synthetic folic acid and natural dietary folate as well as variation in the baseline characteristics of subjects and various methods of folate status assessment might be the main reasons for these controversies. Findings of present study highlight the importance of individualized folic acid supplement intake given the fact that the beneficiary effects of long term folic acid supplementation is not confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moazzen
- Health Service Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666114731, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Roya Dolatkhah
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666114731, Iran.
| | - Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi
- Health Service Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666114731, Iran.
| | | | - Behrooz Z Alizadeh
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands; The Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666114731, Iran.
| | - Geertruida H de Bock
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Saeed Dastgiri
- School of Medicine, Health Service Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666114731, Iran.
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Małyszko J, Kozlowski L, Kozłowska K, Małyszko M, Małyszko J. Cancer and the kidney: dangereoux liasons or price paid for the progress in medicine? Oncotarget 2017; 8:66601-66619. [PMID: 29029541 PMCID: PMC5630441 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A long time ago, the links between renal disease and malignancy were observed, however, quite recently, their importance was recognized and 'new' subspecialty in nephrology, namely 'onconephrology' was established. In the XXI century, patients with malignancy make up the most growing number of the subjects seen for nephrology consult and/or critical care nephrology services. A plethora of renal problems may be found in patients with malignancy. They may influence not only their short-term outcomes but also the adequate therapy of the underlying oncological problem. Thus, all these kidney-related issues pose an important challenge for both specialities: oncology and nephrology. In the review a spectrum of acute and chronic renal injury caused by the malignancy is presented as well as the associations between renal disease and cancer. Assessment of kidney function and its importance in patients with malignancy is also discussed as medical oncologists should check the appropriate dose of chemotherapeutic drugs in relation to the actual renal function before prescribing them to the patients. Moreover, effects of kidney function on outcomes in oncology is presented. In addition, nephrology services should better understand both the biology of malignancy with its treatment to become a valuable part treating team to yield the best possible outcome. It is important for nephrology services to be acknowledged and to take an active participation in care of oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Małyszko
- Second Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Leszek Kozlowski
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Ministry of Interior Affairs, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Klaudia Kozłowska
- Second Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maciej Małyszko
- Second Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Małyszko
- First Department of Nephrology and Transplantology with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Canaz E, Kilinc M, Sayar H, Kiran G, Ozyurek E. Lead, selenium and nickel concentrations in epithelial ovarian cancer, borderline ovarian tumor and healthy ovarian tissues. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 43:217-223. [PMID: 28551014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wide variation exists in ovarian cancer incidence rates suggesting the importance of environmental factors. Due to increasing environmental pollution, trace elements and heavy metals have drawn attention in studies defining the etiology of cancer, but scant data is available for ovarian cancer. Our aim was to compare the tissue concentrations of lead, selenium and nickel in epithelial ovarian cancer, borderline tumor and healthy ovarian tissues. METHODS The levels of lead, selenium and nickel were estimated using atomic absorption spectrophotometry in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Tests were carried out in 20 malignant epithelial ovarian cancer, 15 epithelial borderline tumor and 20 non-neoplastic healthy ovaries. Two samples were collected for borderline tumors, one from papillary projection and one from the smooth surface of cyst wall. RESULTS Pb and Ni concentrations were found to be higher both in malignant and borderline tissues than those in healthy ovaries. Concentrations of Pb and Ni in malignant tissues, borderline papillary projections and capsular tissue samples were not different. Comparison of Se concentrations of malignant, borderline and healthy ovarian tissues did not reveal statistical difference. Studied metal levels were not found to be different in either papillary projection or in cyst wall of the borderline tumors. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the accumulation of lead and nickel in ovarian tissue is associated with borderline and malignant proliferation of the surface epithelium. Accumulation of these metals in epithelial ovarian cancer and borderline ovarian tumor has not been demonstrated before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Canaz
- Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Halaskargazi Cd. Etfal, Sisli, Sk. 34371 Turkey.
| | - Metin Kilinc
- Department of Biochemistry, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University School of Medicine, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Hamide Sayar
- Department of Pathology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University School of Medicine, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Gurkan Kiran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eser Ozyurek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Selenium Exposure and Cancer Risk: an Updated Meta-analysis and Meta-regression. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19213. [PMID: 26786590 PMCID: PMC4726178 DOI: 10.1038/srep19213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between selenium exposure and cancer risk. We identified 69 studies and applied meta-analysis, meta-regression and dose-response analysis to obtain available evidence. The results indicated that high selenium exposure had a protective effect on cancer risk (pooled OR = 0.78; 95%CI: 0.73-0.83). The results of linear and nonlinear dose-response analysis indicated that high serum/plasma selenium and toenail selenium had the efficacy on cancer prevention. However, we did not find a protective efficacy of selenium supplement. High selenium exposure may have different effects on specific types of cancer. It decreased the risk of breast cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and prostate cancer, but it was not associated with colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, and skin cancer.
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17
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Kudva AK, Shay AE, Prabhu KS. Selenium and inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 309:G71-7. [PMID: 26045617 PMCID: PMC4504954 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00379.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Dietary intake of the micronutrient selenium is essential for normal immune functions. Selenium is cotranslationally incorporated as the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine, into selenoproteins that function to modulate pathways involved in inflammation. Epidemiological studies have suggested an inverse association between selenium levels and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis that can potentially progress to colon cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here we summarize the current literature on the pathophysiology of IBD, which is multifactorial in origin with unknown etiology. We have focused on a few selenoproteins that mediate gastrointestinal inflammation and activate the host immune response, wherein macrophages play a pivotal role. Changes in cellular oxidative state coupled with altered expression of selenoproteins in macrophages drive the switch from a proinflammatory phenotype to an anti-inflammatory phenotype to efficiently resolve inflammation in the gut and restore epithelial barrier integrity. Such a phenotypic plasticity is accompanied by changes in cytokines, chemokines, and bioactive metabolites, including eicosanoids that not only mitigate inflammation but also partake in restoring gut homeostasis through diverse pathways involving differential regulation of transcription factors such as nuclear factor-κB and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. The role of the intestinal microbiome in modulating inflammation and aiding in selenium-dependent resolution of gut injury is highlighted to provide novel insights into the beneficial effects of selenium in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash K. Kudva
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashley E. Shay
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - K. Sandeep Prabhu
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
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18
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Barrett CW, Reddy VK, Short SP, Motley AK, Lintel MK, Bradley AM, Freeman T, Vallance J, Ning W, Parang B, Poindexter SV, Fingleton B, Chen X, Washington MK, Wilson KT, Shroyer NF, Hill KE, Burk RF, Williams CS. Selenoprotein P influences colitis-induced tumorigenesis by mediating stemness and oxidative damage. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:2646-60. [PMID: 26053663 DOI: 10.1172/jci76099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at increased risk for colon cancer due to augmented oxidative stress. These patients also have compromised antioxidant defenses as the result of nutritional deficiencies. The micronutrient selenium is essential for selenoprotein production and is transported from the liver to target tissues via selenoprotein P (SEPP1). Target tissues also produce SEPP1, which is thought to possess an endogenous antioxidant function. Here, we have shown that mice with Sepp1 haploinsufficiency or mutations that disrupt either the selenium transport or the enzymatic domain of SEPP1 exhibit increased colitis-associated carcinogenesis as the result of increased genomic instability and promotion of a protumorigenic microenvironment. Reduced SEPP1 function markedly increased M2-polarized macrophages, indicating a role for SEPP1 in macrophage polarization and immune function. Furthermore, compared with partial loss, complete loss of SEPP1 substantially reduced tumor burden, in part due to increased apoptosis. Using intestinal organoid cultures, we found that, compared with those from WT animals, Sepp1-null cultures display increased stem cell characteristics that are coupled with increased ROS production, DNA damage, proliferation, decreased cell survival, and modulation of WNT signaling in response to H2O2-mediated oxidative stress. Together, these data demonstrate that SEPP1 influences inflammatory tumorigenesis by affecting genomic stability, the inflammatory microenvironment, and epithelial stem cell functions.
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Barnett MP, Bermingham EN, Young W, Bassett SA, Hesketh JE, Maciel-Dominguez A, McNabb WC, Roy NC. Low folate and selenium in the mouse maternal diet alters liver gene expression patterns in the offspring after weaning. Nutrients 2015; 7:3370-86. [PMID: 26007332 PMCID: PMC4446756 DOI: 10.3390/nu7053370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, selenium (Se) and folate requirements increase, with deficiencies linked to neural tube defects (folate) and DNA oxidation (Se). This study investigated the effect of a high-fat diet either supplemented with (diet H), or marginally deficient in (diet L), Se and folate. Pregnant female mice and their male offspring were assigned to one of four treatments: diet H during gestation, lactation and post-weaning; diet L during gestation, lactation and post-weaning; diet H during gestation and lactation but diet L fed to offspring post-weaning; or diet L during gestation and lactation followed by diet H fed to offspring post-weaning. Microarray and pathway analyses were performed using RNA from colon and liver of 12-week-old male offspring. Gene set enrichment analysis of liver gene expression showed that diet L affected several pathways including regulation of translation (protein biosynthesis), methyl group metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism; this effect was stronger when the diet was fed to mothers, rather than to offspring. No significant differences in individual gene expression were observed in colon but there were significant differences in cell cycle control pathways. In conclusion, a maternal low Se/folate diet during gestation and lactation has more effects on gene expression in offspring than the same diet fed to offspring post-weaning; low Se and folate in utero and during lactation thus has persistent metabolic effects in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P.G. Barnett
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; E-Mails: (E.N.B.); (W.Y.); (S.A.B.); (N.C.R.)
- Nutrigenomics New Zealand; Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Gravida: National Centre for Growth and Development, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +64-21-938-549; Fax: +64-6-351-8032
| | - Emma N. Bermingham
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; E-Mails: (E.N.B.); (W.Y.); (S.A.B.); (N.C.R.)
- Nutrigenomics New Zealand; Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Young
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; E-Mails: (E.N.B.); (W.Y.); (S.A.B.); (N.C.R.)
- Nutrigenomics New Zealand; Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Shalome A. Bassett
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; E-Mails: (E.N.B.); (W.Y.); (S.A.B.); (N.C.R.)
- Nutrigenomics New Zealand; Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - John E. Hesketh
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences and Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK; E-Mails: (J.E.H.); (A.M.-D.)
| | - Anabel Maciel-Dominguez
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences and Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK; E-Mails: (J.E.H.); (A.M.-D.)
| | - Warren C. McNabb
- AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; E-Mail:
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C. Roy
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; E-Mails: (E.N.B.); (W.Y.); (S.A.B.); (N.C.R.)
- Nutrigenomics New Zealand; Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Gravida: National Centre for Growth and Development, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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Hou N, Huo D, Dignam JJ. Prevention of colorectal cancer and dietary management. Chin Clin Oncol 2015; 2:13. [PMID: 25841493 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2304-3865.2013.04.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review focuses on dietary and lifestyle risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention and chemoprevention among high-risk populations. METHODS AND MATERIALS We searched PubMed for English-language articles about dietary components, lifestyle risk factors, and chemoprevention agents in relation to colorectal cancer and their references published from 1980 through 2013. We reviewed articles jointly for the most clinically important information, emphasizing randomized trials and meta-analyses where available. RESULTS There is convincing evidence that intake of garlic, vitamin B6 and magnesium, active living, maintaining a healthy weight and waist, avoiding or reducing red meat, alcohol, and smoking, as well as hormone replacement therapy among women may significantly protect against developing colorectal cancer. There is less consistent evidence for fruit and vegetable intake (fiber and folate), fish and Omega-3 fatty acids, selenium, dairy, calcium and vitamin D. For high-risk populations, aspirin have been shown to protect against the development of colonic adenomas and CRC, while a minimal effective dose remains unclear. CONCLUSIONS Colorectal cancer can be prevented in general population through dietary and lifestyle interventions, and aspirin may be a good choice of chemoprevention agent among high risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningqi Hou
- Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dezheng Huo
- Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James J Dignam
- Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Butler AM, Olshan AF, Kshirsagar AV, Edwards JK, Nielsen ME, Wheeler SB, Brookhart MA. Cancer incidence among US Medicare ESRD patients receiving hemodialysis, 1996-2009. Am J Kidney Dis 2015; 65:763-72. [PMID: 25662835 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving dialysis have been reported to have increased risk of cancer. However, contemporary cancer burden estimates in this population are sparse and do not account for the high competing risk of death characteristic of dialysis patients. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS US adult patients enrolled in Medicare's ESRD program who received in-center hemodialysis. FACTORS Demographic/clinical characteristics. OUTCOMES For overall and site-specific cancers identified using claims-based definitions, we calculated annual incidence rates (1996-2009). We estimated 5-year cumulative incidence since dialysis therapy initiation using competing-risk methods. RESULTS We observed a constant rate of incident cancers for all sites combined, from 3,923 to 3,860 cases per 100,000 person-years (annual percentage change, 0.1; 95% CI, -0.4 to 0.6). Rates for some common site-specific cancers increased (ie, kidney/renal pelvis) and decreased (ie, colon/rectum, lung/bronchus, pancreas, and other sites). Of 482,510 incident hemodialysis patients, cancer was diagnosed in 37,128 within 5 years after dialysis therapy initiation. The 5-year cumulative incidence of any cancer was 9.48% (95% CI, 9.39%-9.57%) and was higher for certain subgroups: older age, males, nonwhites, non-Hispanics, nondiabetes primary ESRD cause, recent dialysis therapy initiation, and history of transplantation evaluation. Among blacks and whites, we observed 35,767 cases compared with 25,194 expected cases if the study population had experienced rates observed in the US general population (standardized incidence ratio [SIR], 1.42; 95% CI, 1.41-1.43). Risk was most elevated for cancers of the kidney/renal pelvis (SIR, 4.03; 95% CI, 3.88-4.19) and bladder (SIR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.51-1.64). LIMITATIONS Claims-based cancer definitions have not been validated in the ESRD population. Information for cancer risk factors was not available in our data source. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a high burden of cancer in the dialysis population compared to the US general population, with varying patterns of cancer incidence in subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Butler
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; UNC Kidney Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Jessie K Edwards
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Matthew E Nielsen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Urology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Stephanie B Wheeler
- UNC Kidney Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - M Alan Brookhart
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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Abdel-Aziz AK, Azab SSE, Youssef SS, El-Sayed AM, El-Demerdash E, Shouman S. Modulation of Imatinib Cytotoxicity by Selenite in HCT116 Colorectal Cancer Cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 116:37-46. [PMID: 24930392 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Samar Saad Eldeen Azab
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo Egypt
| | | | - Abeer Mostafa El-Sayed
- Tissue Culture & Cytogenetics Unit; Pathology Department; National Cancer Institute; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Ebtehal El-Demerdash
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Samia Shouman
- Cancer Biology Department; National Cancer Institute; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
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Vinceti M, Dennert G, Crespi CM, Zwahlen M, Brinkman M, Zeegers MPA, Horneber M, D'Amico R, Del Giovane C. Selenium for preventing cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 2014:CD005195. [PMID: 24683040 PMCID: PMC4441528 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd005195.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review is an update of the first Cochrane publication on selenium for preventing cancer (Dennert 2011).Selenium is a metalloid with both nutritional and toxicological properties. Higher selenium exposure and selenium supplements have been suggested to protect against several types of cancers. OBJECTIVES Two research questions were addressed in this review: What is the evidence for:1. an aetiological relation between selenium exposure and cancer risk in humans? and2. the efficacy of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention in humans? SEARCH METHODS We conducted electronic searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, 2013, Issue 1), MEDLINE (Ovid, 1966 to February 2013 week 1), EMBASE (1980 to 2013 week 6), CancerLit (February 2004) and CCMed (February 2011). As MEDLINE now includes the journals indexed in CancerLit, no further searches were conducted in this database after 2004. SELECTION CRITERIA We included prospective observational studies (cohort studies including sub-cohort controlled studies and nested case-control studies) and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with healthy adult participants (18 years of age and older). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS For observational studies, we conducted random effects meta-analyses when five or more studies were retrieved for a specific outcome. For RCTs, we performed random effects meta-analyses when two or more studies were available. The risk of bias in observational studies was assessed using forms adapted from the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for cohort and case-control studies; the criteria specified in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions were used to evaluate the risk of bias in RCTs. MAIN RESULTS We included 55 prospective observational studies (including more than 1,100,000 participants) and eight RCTs (with a total of 44,743 participants). For the observational studies, we found lower cancer incidence (summary odds ratio (OR) 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53 to 0.91, N = 8) and cancer mortality (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.93, N = 6) associated with higher selenium exposure. Gender-specific subgroup analysis provided no clear evidence of different effects in men and women (P value 0.47), although cancer incidence was lower in men (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.42 to 1.05, N = 6) than in women (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.77, N = 2). The most pronounced decreases in risk of site-specific cancers were seen for stomach, bladder and prostate cancers. However, these findings have limitations due to study design, quality and heterogeneity that complicate interpretation of the summary statistics. Some studies suggested that genetic factors may modify the relation between selenium and cancer risk-a hypothesis that deserves further investigation.In RCTs, we found no clear evidence that selenium supplementation reduced the risk of any cancer (risk ratio (RR) 0.90, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.17, two studies, N = 4765) or cancer-related mortality (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.32, two studies, N = 18,698), and this finding was confirmed when the analysis was restricted to studies with low risk of bias. The effect on prostate cancer was imprecise (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.14, four studies, N = 19,110), and when the analysis was limited to trials with low risk of bias, the interventions showed no effect (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.14, three studies, N = 18,183). The risk of non-melanoma skin cancer was increased (RR 1.44, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.17, three studies, N = 1900). Results of two trials-the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial (NPCT) and the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Trial (SELECT)-also raised concerns about possible increased risk of type 2 diabetes, alopecia and dermatitis due to selenium supplements. An early hypothesis generated by NPCT that individuals with the lowest blood selenium levels at baseline could reduce their risk of cancer, particularly of prostate cancer, by increasing selenium intake has not been confirmed by subsequent trials. As the RCT participants were overwhelmingly male (94%), gender differences could not be systematically assessed. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Although an inverse association between selenium exposure and the risk of some types of cancer was found in some observational studies, this cannot be taken as evidence of a causal relation, and these results should be interpreted with caution. These studies have many limitations, including issues with assessment of exposure to selenium and to its various chemical forms, heterogeneity, confounding and other biases. Conflicting results including inverse, null and direct associations have been reported for some cancer types.RCTs assessing the effects of selenium supplementation on cancer risk have yielded inconsistent results, although the most recent studies, characterised by a low risk of bias, found no beneficial effect on cancer risk, more specifically on risk of prostate cancer, as well as little evidence of any influence of baseline selenium status. Rather, some trials suggest harmful effects of selenium exposure. To date, no convincing evidence suggests that selenium supplements can prevent cancer in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaDepartment of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health MedicineVia Campi 287ModenaItaly41125
| | - Gabriele Dennert
- University of Applied Sciences DortmundSocial Medicine and Public Health with Focus on Gender and Diversity, Department of Applied Social SciencesEmil‐Figge‐Str. 44DortmundGermanyD‐44227
| | - Catherine M Crespi
- University of California Los AngelesBiostatisticsFielding School of Public Health650 Charles Young Drive South, A2‐125 CHS, Box 95690090095‐6900USALos Angeles
| | - Marcel Zwahlen
- University of BernInstitute of Social and Preventive MedicineFinkelhubelweg11BernSwitzerland3012
| | - Maree Brinkman
- Cancer Council VictoriaCancer Epidemiology Centre615 St Kilda RdMelbourneAustralia3004
| | | | - Markus Horneber
- Paracelsus Medical University, Klinikum NurembergDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology and HematologyProf.‐Ernst‐Nathan‐Str. 1NurembergGermanyD‐90419
| | - Roberto D'Amico
- University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaItalian Cochrane Centre, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health MedicineVia del Pozzo 71ModenaItaly41124
| | - Cinzia Del Giovane
- University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaItalian Cochrane Centre, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health MedicineVia del Pozzo 71ModenaItaly41124
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Gać P, Pawlas N, Poręba R, Poręba M, Pawlas K. The relationship between environmental exposure to cadmium and lead and blood selenium concentration in randomly selected population of children inhabiting industrial regions of Silesian Voivodship (Poland). Hum Exp Toxicol 2013; 33:661-9. [PMID: 23956355 DOI: 10.1177/0960327113499169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at determining the relationship between environmental exposure to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and blood selenium (Se) concentration in randomly selected population of children inhabiting the industrial regions of Silesian Voivodship, Poland. The study was conducted on a group of consecutive randomly selected 349 children aged below 15 years and inhabiting the industrial regions in Upper Silesia. The examined variables included whole blood Cd concentration (Cd-B), whole blood Pb concentration (Pb-B) and whole blood Se concentration (Se-B). The concentration of Cd-B, Pb-B and Se-B in the studied group of children amounted to 0.26 ± 0.14, 37.62 ± 25.30 and 78.31 ± 12.82 μg/L, respectively. In the entire examined group a statistically significant negative linear relationship was noted between Pb-B and Se-B (r = -0.12, p < 0.05). Also, a statistically insignificant negative correlation was detected between Cd-B and Se-B (r = -0.02, p > 0.05) and a statistically insignificant positive correlation between Pb-B and Cd-B (r = 0.08, p > 0.05). A multivariate backward stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that in the studied group of children higher Pb-B and a more advanced age-represented independent risk factors for a decreased Se-B. Environmental exposure to Pb may represent an independent risk factor for Se deficit in blood of the studied population of children. In children, the lowered Se-B may create one of the mechanisms in which Pb unfavourably affects human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gać
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - N Pawlas
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - R Poręba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - M Poręba
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - K Pawlas
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sosnowiec, Poland
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Cho SY, Lee HJ, Cho SM, Kim B, Jung YK, Kim SH. Particled Mica, STB-HO has chemopreventive potential via G1 arrest, and inhibition of proliferation and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 in HCT colorectal cancer cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:189. [PMID: 23883349 PMCID: PMC3765551 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Though Mica, a thin and sheet like mineral, has been used as a mineral medicine for treatment of bleeding, dysentery and inflammation in traditional medicine including Ayurveda, the biological evidences of Mica were not clearly elucidated so far. Thus, in the present study, the antitumor mechanism of particled Mica (STB-HO) was examined in colorectal cancers. Methods Athymic nude mice were inoculated with HCT116 colon cancer cells and orally administered STB-HO daily for 41 days, and HCT116 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with STB-HO for 0 ~ 24 hours to perform immunoblotting, cytotoxicity assay, FACs analysis and measurement of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) secretion and other experiments. Significant differences of all date were evaluated using Student’s t-test and a Turkey-Kramer multiple-comparison post test. Results STB-HO significantly suppressed the tumor volume and weight in athymic nude mice inoculated with HCT116 cells at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Thus, the in vivo antitumor mechanism of STB-HO was to elucidated in vitro as well. STB-HO exerted cytotoxicity in HCT116, SW620 and HCT15 colorectal cancer cells. Also, STB-HO increased G1 cell population in a time and concentration dependent manner, enhanced the expression of p21, p27, p53 as cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, attenuated the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1 and also reduced the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in HCT116 cells. Consistently, STB-HO suppressed the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 in HCT116, SW620 and HCT15 cells. Also, STB-HO inhibited the VEGF mediated proliferation and also attenuated the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and Akt in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Conclusions Collectively, these findings suggest that STB-HO has chemopreventive potential via G1 arrest and inhibition of proliferation and VEGFR2 in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells.
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Steinbrenner H, Speckmann B, Sies H. Toward understanding success and failures in the use of selenium for cancer prevention. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 19:181-91. [PMID: 23421468 PMCID: PMC3689159 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Adequate and supranutritional selenium (Se) intake, maintaining full expression of selenoproteins, has been assumed to be beneficial for human health with respect to prevention of cancer. Strikingly, the effectiveness of dietary Se supplementation depends on many factors: baseline Se status, age, gender, and genetic background of an individual; type of cancer; and time point of intervention in addition to metabolic conversion and dose of applied Se compounds. RECENT ADVANCES Se intake levels for optimization of plasma selenoproteins in humans have been delineated. Regulation, function, and genetic variants of several selenoproteins have been characterized in the intestine, where Se-mediated prevention of colorectal cancer appears to be particularly promising. CRITICAL ISSUES Numerous cell culture and animal studies indicate anticarcinogenic capacity of various Se compounds but, at present, the outcome of human studies is inconsistent and, in large part, disappointing. Moreover, supranutritional Se intake may even trigger adverse health effects, possibly increasing the risk for Type 2 diabetes in Se-replete populations. FUTURE DIRECTIONS To improve protocols for the use of Se in cancer prevention, knowledge on cellular and systemic actions of Se compounds needs to be broadened and linked to individual-related determinants such as the occurrence of variants in selenoprotein genes and the Se status. Based on better mechanistic insight, populations and individuals that may benefit most from dietary Se supplementation need to be defined and studied in suitably planned intervention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Steinbrenner
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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27
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Gać P, Pawlas N, Poręba R, Poręba M, Prokopowicz A, Pawlas K. Blood selenium concentration in a selected population of children inhabiting industrial regions in Upper Silesia (Poland). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 34:528-536. [PMID: 22824500 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Present study aimed at determining blood selenium concentration (Se-B) in a selected population of children inhabiting industrial regions. METHODS The studies were conducted on a group of 267 children inhabiting industrial regions in Upper Silesia (Poland). Determination of Se-B was performed using hydride generation atomic absorption technique. RESULTS In the studied group of children mean Se-B amounted to 76.75±12.52μg/L. Only in 38.20% of studied children the estimated Se-B could be regarded as an optimal. Children with underweight (BMI<15th centile) manifested a significantly lower Se-B than children with BMI within the normal range (BMI 15-85th centile). In the entire study group of children a significant positive linear correlation was disclosed between BMI and Se-B (r=0.16, p<0.05). Regression analysis demonstrated that in the studied subgroup of children (with normal height, body mass and BMI) a higher BMI represented an independent factor of Se-B increase and a more pronounced age an independent factor of Se-B decrease. Moreover, maternal education represented an independent factor of Se-B increase in the studied group of children (with normal height, body mass and BMI). CONCLUSIONS Se-B in the studied group children from industrial area in Upper Silesia corresponded with the lower range of blood selenium concentrations noted in recent years in other populations. A negative relationship was documented between age and Se-B and a positive relationship between BMI of a child and maternal education on one hand and Se-B of a child on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Gać
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, PL 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Natalia Pawlas
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health in Sosnowiec, Kościelna 13, PL 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Rafał Poręba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, PL 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Poręba
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, PL 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adam Prokopowicz
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health in Sosnowiec, Kościelna 13, PL 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Krystyna Pawlas
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, PL 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health in Sosnowiec, Kościelna 13, PL 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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28
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Shebl FM, Warren JL, Eggers PW, Engels EA. Cancer risk among elderly persons with end-stage renal disease: a population-based case-control study. BMC Nephrol 2012; 13:65. [PMID: 22834953 PMCID: PMC3441292 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have elevated cancer risk. Cancer risk increases with age, but associations of ESRD with specific malignancies are incompletely studied for older individuals. METHODS We conducted a population-based case-control study (1,029,695 cancer and 99,610 controls) among the U.S. elderly using SEER-Medicare linked data. We defined ESRD as presence of dialysis claims in the 3 months prior to selection. RESULTS Although ESRD was not associated with excess cancer risk overall (odds ratio 1.02; 95%CI 0.91-1.14), risk was specifically increased for cancers of the stomach (1.45; 1.16-1.81), small intestine (1.92; 1.27-2.92), colon (1.17; 1.00-1.36), liver (1.53; 1.16-2.01), biliary tract (1.78; 1.20-2.65), lung (1.17; 1.02-1.34), cervix (2.12; 1.39-3.23), kidney (2.42; 2.01-2.92), and for multiple myeloma (1.77; 1.40-2.24) and chronic myeloid leukemia (1.74; 1.08-2.80). The association between liver cancer and ESRD was attenuated upon adjustment for hepatitis B and C infection or diabetes mellitus. Multiple myeloma risk was highest with short ESRD duration (p < 0.0001), possibly reflecting reverse causality, while kidney cancer risk showed a borderline rise over time (p = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS Among elderly individuals with ESRD, the excess risks for some cancers may reflect immune dysfunction or a high prevalence of other risk factors, such as viral infections or diabetes mellitus. Our results underscore the need for studying biological pathways of carcinogenesis in ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M Shebl
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD, USA.
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Takata Y, Kristal AR, King IB, Song X, Diamond AM, Foster CB, Hutter CM, Hsu L, Duggan DJ, Langer RD, Petrovitch H, Shikany JM, Vaughan TL, Lampe JW, Prentice RL, Peters U. Serum selenium, genetic variation in selenoenzymes, and risk of colorectal cancer: primary analysis from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:1822-30. [PMID: 21765007 PMCID: PMC3191200 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium may prevent colorectal cancer. However, several previous studies are small and few investigated the association between selenium and colorectal cancer among women whose selenium metabolism may differ from men. Furthermore, genetic variants in selenoenzymes may be associated with colorectal cancer risk. METHODS This nested case-control study investigated whether serum selenium concentration and genetic variants in five selenoenzymes (glutathione peroxidase 1-4 and selenoprotein P) were associated with colorectal cancer risk in 804 colorectal cancer cases and 805 matched controls from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Observational Study. A meta-analysis was conducted to compare the WHI result with previous studies including 12 observational studies and two clinical trials on selenium. RESULTS Within the WHI, selenium concentrations were relatively high (mean = 135.6 μg/L) and were not associated with colorectal cancer risk (P(trend) = 0.10); the adjusted OR comparing the fifth with first quintile was 1.26 (95% CI, 0.91-1.73). Moreover, genetic variants in selenoenzymes were not significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk. Consistent with the finding in WHI, our meta-analysis showed no association between selenium and colorectal tumor risk in women (OR = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.79-1.18) comparing the highest quantile with the lowest); however, in men, there was a significant inverse association (OR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.57-0.82) (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION Consistent with previous studies, we observed no protective effect of selenium on colorectal cancer among women. IMPACT Our analyses suggest that a population with relatively high selenium concentrations, especially women, would not benefit from increasing selenium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumie Takata
- Public Health Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Alan R. Kristal
- Public Health Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Irena B. King
- Public Health Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Public Health Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Alan M. Diamond
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Charles B. Foster
- Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Division of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Carolyn M. Hutter
- Public Health Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | | | - James M. Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Thomas L. Vaughan
- Public Health Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Johanna W. Lampe
- Public Health Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Ross L. Prentice
- Public Health Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
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30
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium is a trace element essential to humans. Higher selenium exposure and selenium supplements have been suggested to protect against several types of cancers. OBJECTIVES Two research questions were addressed in this review: What is the evidence for1. an aetiological relationship between selenium exposure and cancer risk in women and men?2. the efficacy of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention in women and men? SEARCH STRATEGY We searched electronic databases and bibliographies of reviews and included publications. SELECTION CRITERIA We included prospective observational studies to answer research question (a) and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to answer research question (b). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We conducted random effects meta-analyses of epidemiological data when five or more studies were retrieved for a specific outcome. We made a narrative summary of data from RCTs. MAIN RESULTS We included 49 prospective observational studies and six RCTs. In epidemiologic data, we found a reduced cancer incidence (summary odds ratio (OR) 0.69 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53 to 0.91) and mortality (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.83) with higher selenium exposure. Cancer risk was more pronouncedly reduced in men (incidence: OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.42 to 1.05) than in women (incidence: OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.77). These findings have potential limitations due to study design, quality and heterogeneity of the data, which complicated the interpretation of the summary statistics.The RCTs found no protective efficacy of selenium yeast supplementation against non-melanoma skin cancer or L-selenomethionine supplementation against prostate cancer. Study results for the prevention of liver cancer with selenium supplements were inconsistent and studies had an unclear risk of bias. The results of the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial (NPCT) and SELECT raised concerns about possible harmful effects of selenium supplements. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS No reliable conclusions can be drawn regarding a causal relationship between low selenium exposure and an increased risk of cancer. Despite evidence for an inverse association between selenium exposure and the risk of some types of cancer, these results should be interpreted with care due to the potential limiting factors of heterogeneity and influences of unknown biases, confounding and effect modification.The effect of selenium supplementation from RCTs yielded inconsistent results. To date, there is no convincing evidence that selenium supplements can prevent cancer in men, women or children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Dennert
- Institut für Transdisziplinäre Gesundheitsforschung, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Zwahlen
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maree Brinkman
- Department of General Practice, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maurice P A Zeegers
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health & Epidemiology, Birmingham, UK
| | - Markus Horneber
- Medizinische Klinik 5-Schwerpunkt Onkologie/Haematologie, Klinikum Nord, Nuernberg, Germany
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Barnett M, Bermingham E, McNabb W, Bassett S, Armstrong K, Rounce J, Roy N. Investigating micronutrients and epigenetic mechanisms in relation to inflammatory bowel disease. Mutat Res 2010; 690:71-80. [PMID: 20188748 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2010.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Epigenomic regulation, via DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA, is increasingly recognised as having a key role in normal development and function of an organism, acting to control cellular and tissue growth and differentiation. It is also thought to be involved in many complex diseases now common in the Western world, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). There is a range of evidence to suggest that nutrition plays a vital role in the protection from such diseases. However, there is little information about the role of nutrition on the epigenetic regulation of IBD. This review aims to elucidate the interactions of nutrients and the epigenome in IBD. More specifically, the plasticity of epigenetic modifications that occur due to low selenium and folate levels in the diet during gestation and lactation will be discussed. A better understanding of this plasticity, and of nutrient-epigenome interactions, will have important implications for enhancing human health through foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Barnett
- Food, Metabolism & Microbiology Section, AgResearch Grasslands, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand.
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Honeggar M, Beck R, Moos PJ. Thioredoxin reductase 1 ablation sensitizes colon cancer cells to methylseleninate-mediated cytotoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009; 241:348-55. [PMID: 19782697 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2009] [Revised: 09/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between selenium and cancer is complex because individuals with low serum selenium levels benefit from selenium supplementation, but those with high serum selenium levels are at increased risk for other diseases. This suggests that the use of selenocompounds might be limited to particular circumstances, such as adjuvant therapy. A contributor to this dichotomy may be the activity of certain selenium containing enzymes like the cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (TR1). We evaluated the cellular response to select selenocompounds that have anticancer activity when TR1 was attenuated by siRNA in RKO colon cancer cells. Methylseleninic acid (MSA), which is a substrate for TR1, enhanced cytotoxicity to colon cancer cells when TR1 was attenuated. MSA induced stress in the endoplasmic reticulum, as measured by GRP78 protein levels. However, this pathway did not appear to account for the change in cytotoxicity when TR1 was attenuated. Instead, knockdown of the cytosolic TR plus incubation with MSA increased autophagy, as measured by LC3B cleavage, and apoptosis, as measured by Annexin V and mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, the use of selenocompounds with anticancer activity, like MSA, might be utilized most effectively with agents that targets TR1 in chemotherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Honeggar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Utah, L.S. Skaggs Pharmacy, Rm. 201, 30 S 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Synthesis and pharmacological screening of several aroyl and heteroaroyl selenylacetic acid derivatives as cytotoxic and antiproliferative agents. Molecules 2009; 14:3313-38. [PMID: 19783927 PMCID: PMC6254723 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14093313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Revised: 08/04/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and cytotoxic activity of a series of twenty six aroyl and heteroaroyl selenylacetic acid derivatives of general formula Ar-CO-Se-CH2-COOH or Heterar-CO-Se-CH2-COOH are reported. The synthesis was carried out by reaction of acyl chlorides with sodium hydrogen selenide, prepared in situ, and this led to the formation of sodium aroylselenides that subsequently reacted with α-bromoacetic acid to produce the corresponding selenylacetic acid derivatives. All of the compounds were tested against a prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) and some of the more active compounds were assessed against a panel of four human cancer cell lines (CCRF-CEM, HTB-54, HT-29, MCF-7) and one mammary gland-derived non-malignant cell line (184B5). Some of the compounds exhibited remarkable cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities against MCF-7 and PC-3 that were higher than those of the reference compounds doxorubicin and etoposide, respectively. For example, in MCF-7 when Ar = phenyl, 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl or benzyl the TGI values were 3.69, 4.18 and 6.19 μM. On the other hand, in PC-3 these compounds showed values of 6.8, 4.0 and 2.9 μM. Furthermore, benzoylselenylacetic acid did not provoke apoptosis nor did it perturb the cell cycle in MCF-7.
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