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Li M, Gao X, Su Y, Shan S, Qian W, Zhang Z, Zhu D. FOXM1 transcriptional regulation. Biol Cell 2024:e2400012. [PMID: 38963053 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
FOXM1 is a key transcriptional regulator involved in various biological processes in mammals, including carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, aging, immune regulation, development, and disease. Early studies have shown that FOXM1 acts as an oncogene by regulating cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, metastasis, and apoptosis, as well as genes related to diagnosis, treatment, chemotherapy resistance, and prognosis. Researchers are increasingly focusing on FOXM1 functions in tumor microenvironment, epigenetics, and immune infiltration. However, researchers have not comprehensively described FOXM1's involvement in tumor microenvironment shaping, epigenetics, and immune cell infiltration. Here we review the role of FOXM1 in the formation and development of malignant tumors, and we will provide a comprehensive summary of the role of FOXM1 in transcriptional regulation, interacting proteins, tumor microenvironment, epigenetics, and immune infiltration, and suggest areas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Xuzheng Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Yanting Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Shigang Shan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhenwang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
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Pandey VK, Srivastava S, Ashish, Dash KK, Singh R, Dar AH, Singh T, Farooqui A, Shaikh AM, Kovacs B. Bioactive properties of clove ( Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil nanoemulsion: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e22437. [PMID: 38163240 PMCID: PMC10755278 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Syzygium aromaticum, commonly called clove, is a culinary spice with medical uses. Clove is utilized in cosmetics, medicine, gastronomy, and agriculture due to its abundance of bioactive components such as gallic acid, flavonoids, eugenol acetate, and eugenol. Clove essential oil has been revealed to have antibacterial, antinociceptive, antibacterial activities, antifungal, and anticancerous qualities. Anti-inflammatory chemicals, including eugenol and flavonoids, are found in clove that help decrease inflammation and alleviate pain. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic qualities of clove oil have made it a popular natural cure for toothaches and gum discomfort. Due to its therapeutic potential, it has been used as a bioactive ingredient in coating fresh fruits and vegetables. This review article outlines the potential food processing applications of clove essential oil. The chemical structures of components, bioactive properties, and medicinal potential of clove essential oil, including phytochemical importance in food, have also been thoroughly addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivangi Srivastava
- Department of Food Technology, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Nawabganj, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kshirod Kumar Dash
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology (GKCIET), Malda, West Bengal, 732141, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aamir Hussain Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Tripti Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alvina Farooqui
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ayaz Mukkaram Shaikh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management, Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Bela Kovacs
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management, Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
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3
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New electroanalytical method for the determination of trans-anethole in spices and sweets. Food Chem 2023; 408:135167. [PMID: 36527928 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A completely new method for the determination of trans-anethole (TAN) based on the anodic oxidation of this flavouring substance in pure acetonitrile using differential-pulse voltammetry has been developed. A nonaqueous carbon paste electrode bulk-modified with solid sodium dodecyl sulphate of 40 % (w/w) content was chosen as optimum. To propose TAN electrode reaction mechanism, its electrochemical behaviour was investigated at glassy carbon electrode in nonaqueous media. At optimum working conditions, the current response could be calibrated within a linear range 2-200 µmolL-1 TAN, a coefficient of determination of 0.9971, a sensitivity of 0.1122µALµmol-1, and a detection limit of 0.7 µmolL-1. A satisfactory precision (relative standard deviation of 4 %) has been achieved. The validation performed by analysis of spices and sweets provided comparable results with reference reverse-phase HPLC with spectrophotometric detection, thus confirming the practical use of the developed voltammetric method in food analysis.
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Semlali A, Ajala I, Beji S, Al-Zharani MM, Rouabhia M. Synergistic Effect of Anethole and Platinum Drug Cisplatin against Oral Cancer Cell Growth and Migration by Inhibiting MAPKase, Beta-Catenin, and NF-κB Pathways. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050700. [PMID: 37242484 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a common drug used to treat patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, cisplatin-induced chemoresistance poses a major challenge to its clinical application. Our recent study has shown that anethole possesses an anti-oral cancer effect. In this study, we examined the combined effect of anethole and cisplatin on oral cancer therapy. Gingival cancer cells Ca9-22 were cultured in the presence of various concentrations of cisplatin with or without anethole. The cell viability/proliferation and cytotoxicity were evaluated, respectively, by MTT, Hoechst staining, and LDH assay, while colony formation was measured by crystal violet. Oral cancer cell migration was evaluated by the scratch method. Apoptosis, caspase activity, oxidative stress, MitoSOX, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) levels were evaluated by flow cytometry, and the inhibition of signaling pathways was investigated by Western blot. Our results show that anethole (3 µM) potentiates cisplatin-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and decreases the ΔΨm on Ca9-22 cells. Furthermore, drug combination was found to inhibit cell migration and enhanced cisplatin cytotoxicity. The combination of anethole and cisplatin potentiates cisplatin-induced oral cancer cell apoptosis through the activation of caspase, while we also found anethole and cisplatin to enhance the cisplatin-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial stress. In addition, major cancer signaling pathways were inhibited by the combination of anethole and cisplatin such as MAPKase, beta-catenin, and NF-κB pathways. This study reports that the combination of anethole and cisplatin might provide a beneficial effect in enhancing the cisplatin cancer cell-killing effect, thus lowering the associated side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhabib Semlali
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Ikram Ajala
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Sarra Beji
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Mohammed Mousa Al-Zharani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Rouabhia
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
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Chopra H, Bibi S, Goyal R, Gautam RK, Trivedi R, Upadhyay TK, Mujahid MH, Shah MA, Haris M, Khot KB, Gopan G, Singh I, Kim JK, Jose J, Abdel-Daim MM, Alhumaydhi FA, Emran TB, Kim B. Chemopreventive Potential of Dietary Nanonutraceuticals for Prostate Cancer: An Extensive Review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:925379. [PMID: 35903701 PMCID: PMC9315356 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.925379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There are more than two hundred fifty different types of cancers, that are diagnosed around the world. Prostate cancer is one of the suspicious type of cancer spreading very fast around the world, it is reported that in 2018, 29430 patients died of prostate cancer in the United State of America (USA), and hence it is expected that one out of nine men diagnosed with this severe disease during their lives. Medical science has identified cancer at several stages and indicated genes mutations involved in the cancer cell progressions. Genetic implications have been studied extensively in cancer cell growth. So most efficacious drug for prostate cancer is highly required just like other severe diseases for men. So nutraceutical companies are playing major role to manage cancer disease by the recommendation of best natural products around the world, most of these natural products are isolated from plant and mushrooms because they contain several chemoprotective agents, which could reduce the chances of development of cancer and protect the cells for further progression. Some nutraceutical supplements might activate the cytotoxic chemotherapeutic effects by the mechanism of cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation procedures and changes in the redox states, but in other, it also elevate the levels of effectiveness of chemotherapeutic mechanism and in results, cancer cell becomes less reactive to chemotherapy. In this review, we have highlighted the prostate cancer and importance of nutraceuticals for the control and management of prostate cancer, and the significance of nutraceuticals to cancer patients during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Department of Biosciences, Shifa Tameer-e-milat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Rajat Goyal
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (MM) School of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur-Ambala, India
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (MM) College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, India
| | - Rupesh K. Gautam
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (MM) School of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur-Ambala, India
| | - Rashmi Trivedi
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Animal Cell Culture and Immunobiochemistry Lab, Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Animal Cell Culture and Immunobiochemistry Lab, Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| | - Mohd Hasan Mujahid
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Animal Cell Culture and Immunobiochemistry Lab, Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| | | | - Muhammad Haris
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kartik Bhairu Khot
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mangalore, India
| | - Gopika Gopan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mangalore, India
| | - Inderbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Jin Kyu Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jobin Jose
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mangalore, India
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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Jehan S, Huang J, Farooq U, Basheer I, Zhou W. Combinatorial effect of thymoquinone with chemo agents for tumor therapy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153936. [PMID: 35114449 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most chemotherapeutics used in cancer therapies exhibit considerable side effects to the patients. Thus, developing new chemo agents to treat cancer patients with minimal toxic and side effects is urgently needed. Recently, the combination of different chemotherapeutics has become a promising strategy to treat malignancies. Thymoquinone (TQ) is a primary bioactive compound derived from the folk medicinal plant Nigella sativa, which has been found an antitumor, chemopreventive and chemopotentiating agent against human neoplastic diseases. PURPOSE We briefly summarize the current research of the biomolecular mechanisms of TQ and evaluate the existing literature on TQ adjuvant therapies against various cancers. METHOD The data in this review were gathered by several search engines including, Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect. We highlighted and classified the outcomes of both in vitro and in vivo experiments of TQ adjuvant therapies against human cancers and their chemopreventive activities on vital organs. RESULTS Several studies have shown that TQ synergistically potentiated the antitumor activity of numerous chemo agents against human neoplastic disease, including lung, breast, liver, colorectal, skin, prostate, stomach, bone and blood cancers. TQ also acted as a chemopreventive agent and reduced the toxicity of many chemo agents to vital organs, such as the heart, liver, kidneys and lungs. CONCLUSION In summary, we highly recommend an advanced evaluation of TQ adjuvant therapies at the level of preclinical and clinical trials, which could lead to a novel combinatorial therapy for cancer treatment with low or tolerable adverse effects on patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Jehan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Umar Farooq
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Irum Basheer
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wenhu Zhou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Yarmohammadi A, Narimani F, Wallace CE, Bishayee A. Modulation of TLR/NF-κB/NLRP Signaling by Bioactive Phytocompounds: A Promising Strategy to Augment Cancer Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:834072. [PMID: 35299751 PMCID: PMC8921560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.834072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumors often progress to a more aggressive phenotype to resist drugs. Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind this tumor behavior which is known as cancer chemoresistance. Thus, there is an emerging need to discover pivotal signaling pathways involved in the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and cancer immunotherapy. Reports indicate the critical role of the toll-like receptor (TLR)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing (NLRP) pathway in cancer initiation, progression, and development. Therefore, targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling is a promising strategy to augment cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy and to combat chemoresistance. Considering the potential of phytochemicals in the regulation of multiple dysregulated pathways during cancer initiation, promotion, and progression, such compounds could be suitable candidates against cancer chemoresistance. Objectives This is the first comprehensive and systematic review regarding the role of phytochemicals in the mitigation of chemoresistance by regulating the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Methods A comprehensive and systematic review was designed based on Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane electronic databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed to include papers on TLR/NF-κB/NLRP and chemotherapy/immunotherapy/chemoresistance by phytochemicals. Results Phytochemicals are promising multi-targeting candidates against the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway and interconnected mediators. Employing phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, and sulfur compounds could be a promising strategy for managing cancer chemoresistance through the modulation of the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway. Novel delivery systems of phytochemicals in cancer chemotherapy/immunotherapy are also highlighted. Conclusion Targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling with bioactive phytocompounds reverses chemoresistance and improves the outcome for chemotherapy and immunotherapy in both preclinical and clinical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Akram Yarmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Narimani
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Carly E. Wallace
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
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8
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Javaid A, Zahra D, Rashid F, Mashraqi M, Alzamami A, Khurshid M, Ali Ashfaq U. Regulation of micro-RNA, epigenetic factor by natural products for the treatment of cancers: Mechanistic insight and translational Association. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103255. [PMID: 35495735 PMCID: PMC9052154 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
From onset to progression, cancer is a ailment that might take years to grow. All common epithelial malignancies, have a long latency period, frequently 20 years or more, different gene may contain uncountable mutations if they are clinically detectable. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are around 22nt non-coding RNAs that control gene expression sequence-specifically through translational inhibition or messenger degradation of RNA (mRNA). Epigenetic processes of miRNA control genetic variants through genomic DNA methylation, post-translation histone modification, rework of the chromatin, and microRNAs. The field of miRNAs has opened a new era in understanding small non-coding RNAs since discovering their fundamental mechanisms of action. MiRNAs have been found in viruses, plants, and animals through molecular cloning and bioinformatics approaches. Phytochemicals can invert the epigenetic aberrations, a leading cause of the cancers of various organs, and act as an inhibitor of these changes. The advantage of phytochemicals is that they only function on cells that cause cancer without affecting normal cells. Phytochemicals appear to play a significant character in modulating miRNA expression, which is linked to variations in oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and cancer-derived protein production, according to several studies. In addition to standard anti-oxidant or anti-inflammatory properties, the initial epigenetic changes associated with cancer prevention may be modulated by many polyphenols. In correlation with miRNA and epigenetic factors to treat cancer some of the phytochemicals, including polyphenols, curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol are studied in this article.
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Leposavić G, Stojić-Vukanić Z. Biomarkers of aging-associated chronic inflammation as a prognostic factor for human longevity. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm72-36135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been well-established that age-associated low-grade chronic inflammation contributes to the development of a spectrum of chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and neurodegenerative diseases, which affect the quality of life of the elderly and influence their life span. This phenomenon is suggested to arise due to the weakening of the regulatory mechanisms of the immune response, and the persistence of exogenous and endogenous (reflecting oxidative cell injury) antigenic challenges, so it is referred to as oxi-inflamm-aging. Considering that the development of age-associated chronic inflammation is "silent", i.e., without clinical signs until the aforementioned complications become apparent, it is important to identify the biomarker(s) or pattern/cluster of biomarkers for this inflammation. It is also important to define new strategies to combat the "silent" damage induced by chronic inflammation. Given that at present there are no reliable biomarkers for chronic inflammation, this review points out the problems in defining biomarker(s) or patterns/clusters of biomarkers for chronic inflammation in order to stimulate further research and points to some possible routes of investigation.
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10
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Kumar A, Hegde M, Parama D, Kunnumakkara AB. Curcumin: The Golden Nutraceutical on the Road to Cancer Prevention and Therapeutics. A Clinical Perspective. Crit Rev Oncog 2022; 27:33-63. [PMID: 37183937 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2023045587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is considered as the major public health scourge of the 21st century. Although remarkable strides were made for developing targeted therapeutics, these therapies suffer from lack of efficacy, high cost, and debilitating side effects. Therefore, the search for safe, highly efficacious, and affordable therapies is paramount for establishing a treatment regimen for this deadly disease. Curcumin, a known natural, bioactive, polyphenol compound from the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa), has been well documented for its wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. A plethora of literature indicates its potency as an anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent. Curcumin exhibits anti-neoplastic attributes via regulating a wide array of biological cascades involved in mutagenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, oncogene expression, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. Curcumin has shown a wide range of pleiotropic anti-proliferative effect in multiple cancers and is a known inhibitor of varied oncogenic elements, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), c-myc, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, VEGF, COX-2, NOS, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukins, and MMP-9. Further, curcumin targets different growth factor receptors and cell adhesion molecules involved in tumor growth and progression, making it a most promising nutraceutical for cancer therapy. To date, curcumin-based therapeutics have completed more than 50 clinical trials for cancer. Although creative experimentation is still elucidating the immense potential of curcumin, systematic validation by proper randomized clinical trials warrant its transition from lab to bedside. Therefore, this review summarizes the outcome of diverse clinical trials of curcumin in various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
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Facina CH, Campos SGP, Ruiz TFR, Góes RM, Vilamaior PSL, Taboga SR. Protective effect of the association of curcumin with piperine on prostatic lesions: New perspectives on BPA-induced carcinogenesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 158:112700. [PMID: 34838672 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical agent which can exert detrimental effects on the male reproductive system, especially the prostate gland. In this study we described the efficacy of the dietary agent curcumin, alone or combined with piperine, to suppress the impact of BPA on the prostate. Adult gerbils were divided into nine experimental groups (n = 7 each group), regarding control (water and oil), exposed to BPA (50 μg/kg/day in water) or curcumin (100 mg/kg) and/or piperine (20 mg/kg). To evaluate the effects of the phytotherapic agents, the other groups received oral doses every two days, BPA plus curcumin (BCm), piperine (BP), and curcumin + piperine (BCmP). BPA promoted prostatic inflammation and morphological lesions in ventral and dorsolateral prostate lobes, associated with an increase in androgen receptor-positive cells and nuclear atypia, mainly in the ventral lobe. Curcumin and piperine helped to minimize these effects. BPA plus piperine or curcumin showed a reduction in nuclear atypical phenotype, indicating a beneficial effect of phytochemicals. Thus, these phytochemicals minimize the deleterious action of BPA in prostatic lobes, especially when administered in association. The protective action of curcumin and piperine consumption is associated with weight loss, anti-inflammatory potential, and control of prostate epithelial cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Helena Facina
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Cristóvão Colombo 2265 Street, Jardim Nazareth, 15054-000, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvana Gisele Pegorin Campos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Cristóvão Colombo 2265 Street, Jardim Nazareth, 15054-000, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thalles Fernando Rocha Ruiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Cristóvão Colombo 2265 Street, Jardim Nazareth, 15054-000, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rejane Maira Góes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Cristóvão Colombo 2265 Street, Jardim Nazareth, 15054-000, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Simone Leite Vilamaior
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Cristóvão Colombo 2265 Street, Jardim Nazareth, 15054-000, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sebastião Roberto Taboga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Cristóvão Colombo 2265 Street, Jardim Nazareth, 15054-000, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Kunnumakkara AB, Rana V, Parama D, Banik K, Girisa S, Henamayee S, Thakur KK, Dutta U, Garodia P, Gupta SC, Aggarwal BB. COVID-19, cytokines, inflammation, and spices: How are they related? Life Sci 2021; 284:119201. [PMID: 33607159 PMCID: PMC7884924 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine storm is the exaggerated immune response often observed in viral infections. It is also intimately linked with the progression of COVID-19 disease as well as associated complications and mortality. Therefore, targeting the cytokine storm might help in reducing COVID-19-associated health complications. The number of COVID-19 associated deaths (as of January 15, 2021; https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/) in the USA is high (1199/million) as compared to countries like India (110/million). Although the reason behind this is not clear, spices may have some role in explaining this difference. Spices and herbs are used in different traditional medicines, especially in countries such as India to treat various chronic diseases due to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. AIM To evaluate the literature available on the anti-inflammatory properties of spices which might prove beneficial in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 associated cytokine storm. METHOD A detailed literature search has been conducted on PubMed for collecting information pertaining to the COVID-19; the history, origin, key structural features, and mechanism of infection of SARS-CoV-2; the repurposed drugs in use for the management of COVID-19, and the anti-inflammatory role of spices to combat COVID-19 associated cytokine storm. KEY FINDINGS The literature search resulted in numerous in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials that have reported the potency of spices to exert anti-inflammatory effects by regulating crucial molecular targets for inflammation. SIGNIFICANCE As spices are derived from Mother Nature and are inexpensive, they are relatively safer to consume. Therefore, their anti-inflammatory property can be exploited to combat the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. This review thus focuses on the current knowledge on the role of spices for the treatment of COVID-19 through suppression of inflammation-linked cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India,Corresponding author at: Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Varsha Rana
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sahu Henamayee
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Krishan Kumar Thakur
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Uma Dutta
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | | | - Subash C. Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Bharat B. Aggarwal
- Inflammation Research Center, San Diego, California 92109, USA,Corresponding author at: Inflammation Research Center, San Diego, California 92109, USA
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Clove Essential Oil ( Syzygium aromaticum L. Myrtaceae): Extraction, Chemical Composition, Food Applications, and Essential Bioactivity for Human Health. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216387. [PMID: 34770801 PMCID: PMC8588428 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. Myrtaceae) is an aromatic plant widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical countries, rich in volatile compounds and antioxidants such as eugenol, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene. Clove essential oil has received considerable interest due to its wide application in the perfume, cosmetic, health, medical, flavoring, and food industries. Clove essential oil has biological activity relevant to human health, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and insecticidal activity. The impacts of the extraction method (hydrodistillation, steam distillation, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, cold pressing, and supercritical fluid extraction) on the concentration of the main volatile compounds in clove essential oil and organic clove extracts are shown. Eugenol is the major compound, accounting for at least 50%. The remaining 10-40% consists of eugenyl acetate, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene. The main biological activities reported are summarized. Furthermore, the main applications in clove essential oil in the food industry are presented. This review presents new biological applications beneficial for human health, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anesthetic, antinociceptive, and anticancer activity. This review aims to describe the effects of different methods of extracting clove essential oil on its chemical composition and food applications and the biological activities of interest to human health.
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Alam S, Mohammad T, Padder RA, Hassan MI, Husain M. Thymoquinone and quercetin induce enhanced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer in combination through the Bax/Bcl2 cascade. J Cell Biochem 2021; 123:259-274. [PMID: 34636440 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The treatments available for non-small cell lung cancer exert various side effects in patients, and the burden of treatment cost is high. Therefore, exploring the alternative system of medicines, including therapies based on natural compounds, has become inevitable in developing anticancer therapeutics. This study used an integrated approach involving in-silico and in-vitro methods to explore natural compounds targeting Bax and Bcl2 for their apoptotic potential. Molecular docking followed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of thymoquinone (Tq) and quercetin (Qu) with Bax and Bcl2 were carried out to explore their interactions and stability under explicit solvent conditions. Tq and Qu showed appreciable binding affinities toward Bax (-6.2 and -7.1 kcal/mol, respectively) and Bcl2 (-5.6 and -6.4 kcal/mol, respectively) with well-organized conformational fitting compatibility. The MD simulation results revealed the development of stable complexes maintained by various noncovalent interactions that were preserved throughout the 100 ns trajectories. Further studies with these compounds were carried out using various in-vitro experimental approaches like MTT assay, apoptotic assay, and Western blot. IC50 values of Tq and Qu alone in A549 cells were found to be 45.78 and 35.69 µM, while in combination, it comes down to 22.49 µM, which is quite impressive. Similarly, in apoptosis assay, a combination of Tq and Qu shows 50.9% early apoptosis compared to Tq (40.6%) and Qu (33.3%) when taken alone. These assays signify their apoptotic induction potential, whereas both compounds significantly reduce the expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl2 and induce proapoptotic Bax, suggestive of sensitizing NSCLS cells toward apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Rayees A Padder
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Husain
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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15
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Satsu H, Shibata R, Suzuki H, Kimura S, Shimizu M. Inhibitory Effect of Tangeretin and Cardamonin on Human Intestinal SGLT1 Activity In Vitro and Blood Glucose Levels in Mice In Vivo. Nutrients 2021; 13:3382. [PMID: 34684383 PMCID: PMC8539283 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid postprandial blood glucose elevation can cause lifestyle-related diseases, such as type II diabetes. The absorption of food-derived glucose is primarily mediated by sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1). Moderate SGLT1 inhibition can help attenuate postprandial blood glucose elevation and prevent lifestyle-related diseases. In this study, we established a CHO cell line stably expressing human SGLT1 and examined the effects of phytochemicals on SGLT1 activity. Among the 50 phytochemicals assessed, tangeretin and cardamonin inhibited SGLT1 activity. Tangeretin and cardamonin did not affect the uptake of L-leucine, L-glutamate, and glycyl-sarcosine. Tangeretin, but not cardamonin, inhibited fructose uptake, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of tangeretin was specific to the monosaccharide transporter, whereas that of cardamonin was specific to SGLT1. Kinetic analysis suggested that the suppression of SGLT1 activity by tangeretin was associated with a reduction in Vmax and an increase in Km, whereas suppression by cardamonin was associated with a reduction in Vmax and no change in Km. Oral glucose tolerance tests in mice showed that tangeretin and cardamonin significantly suppressed the rapid increase in blood glucose levels. In conclusion, tangeretin and cardamonin were shown to inhibit SGLT1 activity in vitro and lower blood glucose level in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Satsu
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Gunma 371-0816, Japan; (H.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Ryosuke Shibata
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
| | - Hiroto Suzuki
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Gunma 371-0816, Japan; (H.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Shimon Kimura
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Gunma 371-0816, Japan; (H.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Makoto Shimizu
- Department of Nutritional Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan;
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James S, Aparna JS, Babu A, Paul AM, Lankadasari MB, Athira SR, Kumar SS, Vijayan Y, Namitha NN, Mohammed S, Reshmi G, Harikumar KB. Cardamonin Attenuates Experimental Colitis and Associated Colorectal Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050661. [PMID: 33947113 PMCID: PMC8146383 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardamonin is a naturally occurring chalcone, majorly from the Zingiberaceae family, which includes a wide range of spices from India. Herein, we investigated the anti-inflammatory property of cardamonin using different in vitro and in vivo systems. In RAW 264.7 cells, treatment with cardamonin showed a reduced nitrous oxide production without affecting the cell viability and decreased the expression of iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6, and inhibited NF-kB signaling which emphasizes the role of cardamonin as an anti-inflammatory molecule. In a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, cardamonin treatment protected the mice from colitis. Subsequently, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of this chalcone in a colitis-associated colon cancer model. We performed microRNA profiling in the different groups and observed that cardamonin modulates miRNA expression, thereby inhibiting tumor formation. Together, our findings indicate that cardamonin has the potential to be considered for future therapy against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley James
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Jayasekharan S. Aparna
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Anu Babu
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Aswathy Mary Paul
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
- Manipal Academy of Higher education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Manendra Babu Lankadasari
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Subha R. Athira
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Sreesha S. Kumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Yadu Vijayan
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
- Manipal Academy of Higher education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Narayanan N. Namitha
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Sabira Mohammed
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Girijadevi Reshmi
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Kuzhuvelil B. Harikumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-471-2529-596
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Almeer RS, Alnasser M, Aljarba N, AlBasher GI. Effects of Green cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) and its combination with cyclophosphamide on Ehrlich solid tumors. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:133. [PMID: 33926427 PMCID: PMC8086365 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) is a spice and exhibits potent antioxidant and biological activities through distinct molecular mechanisms. However, the anticancer effect of cardamom was not explored yet in Ehrlich solid tumor (EST)-bearing mice. Objectives This investigation was aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of green cardamom (GCar) alone or combined with the anti-cancer drug cyclophosphamide in an in vivo model to explore its mechanistic role in tumor cell death in EST-bearing mice. Methods Ehrlich ascites tumor cells were injected in the mice and 5 days later the animals treated with GCar and/or cyclophosphamide for 10 days. Twenty-four hours from the last treatment, animals were sacrificed for the different measurements. Results Data recorded for tumor size, percentage of tumor growth inhibition, tumor growth delay and mean survival time of EST-bearing mice demonstrated the effective role of GCar alone or combined with CPO as a promising anti-cancer agent because it reduced tumor size. GCar elevated the mean survival time of EST-bearing mice compared to that of untreated EST and EST + CPO groups. Analysis of qPCR mRNA gene and protein expression revealed that GCar alone or combined with CPO were promising anticancer agents. After the treatment of EST with GCar, the apoptotic-related genes and proteins were significantly modulated. GCar induced markedly significant decreases in oxidative stress biomarkers and a significant increment in glutathione levels and that of antioxidant enzymes. With a marked diminish in liver and kidney function biomarkers. Conclusion The results revealed that GCar could serve as an apoptotic stimulator agent, presenting a novel and potentially curative approach for cancer treatment, inducing fewer side effects than those of the commercially used anti-cancer drugs, such as CPO. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03305-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafa S Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Meshael Alnasser
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Aljarba
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gadah I AlBasher
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Gupta DD, Mishra S, Verma SS, Shekher A, Rai V, Awasthee N, Das TJ, Paul D, Das SK, Tag H, Chandra Gupta S, Hui PK. Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of diosgenin enriched Paris polyphylla rhizome extract of Indian Himalayan landraces. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113842. [PMID: 33460752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional medicinal plants have gained attention as a potential therapeutic agent to combat cancer and inflammation. Diosgenin rich fresh extracts of Paris polyphylla rhizome from Indian Himalaya is traditionally used as wound healing, anti-bleeding, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent by the folk healers. AIM OF THE STUDY Present study was aimed to prepare two types of extracts from Paris polyphylla rhizome of Indian Himalayan landraces - 1. ethanolic extract of Paris polyphylla rhizome (EEPPR) and 2. Diosgenin enriched Paris polyphylla rhizome extract (DPPE), quantification of diosgenin content, and to evaluate their in vitro anti-oxidant, in vivo anti-inflammatory and in vitro cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activities of the DPPE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diosgenin content of EEPPR was quantified through GC-MS while diosgenin content of DPPE was quantified through HPTLC, and the diosgenin yield from EEPPR and DPPE were compared. In vitro antioxidant activities of DPPE were performed using DPPH, NOD, RP and SOD assay while in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of DPPE were evaluated in dextran induced hind paw edema in rats. In vitro cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activities of DPPE were evaluated in human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231), cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) and Hep-2 cell lines. RESULTS EEPPR obtained through cold extraction method using 70% ethanol showed maximum diosgenin content of 17.90% quantified through GC-MS while similar compounds pennogenin (3.29%), 7β-Dehydrodiosgenin (1.90%), 7-Ketodiosgenin acetate (1.14%), and 7 β-hydroxydiosgenin (0.55%) were detected in low concentration, and thus confirmed diosgenin as major and lead phytochemical. However, DPPE obtained through both cold and repeated hot extraction with the same solvent (70% ethanol) showed diosgenin content of 60.29% which is significantly higher (p < 0.001) than the diosgenin content in EEPPR. DPPE demonstrated significant in vitro antioxidant activities by dose-dependently quenched (p < 0.001) SOD free radicals by 76.66%, followed by DPPH (71.43%), NOD (67.35%), and RP (63.74%) at a max concentration of 2 μg/μl of ascorbic acid and test drugs with remarkable IC50 values (p < 0.01). Further, DPPE also showed potent anti-inflammatory activities by dose-dependently suppressed dextran induced paw edema in rats (p < 0.01) from 2 h to 4 h. DPPE suppressed the proliferation of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, Hep-2 and HeLa cell lines. Maximum activity was observed in MCF-7 cells. The DPPE also induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cell lines as measured by AO/PI and DAPI staining, as well as DNA laddering, cell cycle analysis and phosphatidylserine externalization assay. The growth-inhibitory effect of DPPE on MCF-7 breast cancer cells was further confirmed from the colony-formation assay. DPPE upregulated expression of Bax and downregulated Bcl-2 and survivin mRNA transcripts. CONCLUSION DPPE obtained through both cold and repeated hot extraction using ethanol showed significantly higher content of diosgenin than the diosgenin content detected in EEPPR. However, diosgenin yield of both the extracts (EEPPR & DPPE) clearly confirmed diosgenin as major and lead phytochemical of Paris polyphylla rhizome of Indian Himalayan landraces. Further, DPPE also demonstrated potent in vitro anti-oxidative and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities and showed in vitro cytotoxicity and significant anti-cancer (apoptosis) effects in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debmalya Das Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology (NIT)-Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, 791112, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Shruti Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sumit Singh Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anusmita Shekher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Vipin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Tridip J Das
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology (NIT)-Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, 791112, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Dipayan Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology (NIT)-Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, 791112, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Sanjib K Das
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology (NIT)-Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, 791112, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Hui Tag
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Doimukh, 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Pallabi K Hui
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology (NIT)-Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, 791112, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
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Zhang L, Gu B, Wang Y. Clove essential oil confers antioxidant activity and lifespan extension in C. elegans via the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 242:108938. [PMID: 33171300 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb.) essential oil (CEO) has been extensively utilized and well-recognized due to its wide medicinal activities. In our study, the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology was applied in characterizing the CEO chemical composition. Altogether 58 volatile components were discovered from bud CEO. To further clarify the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of CEO in vivo, the nematode C. elegans was used as an animal model. The results suggested that, chronic CEO treatment significantly extended the lifespan and promoted the production and health. As expected, CEO possessed antioxidant activities against the reactive oxygen species (ROS) through inducing the expression of SOD-3 or GST-4. Meanwhile, it was found that CEO treatment induced the DAF-16/FOXO nuclear translocation from the cytoplasm. Finally, the results indicated that CEO caused the apoptosis of germ cells in acep-1 and daf-16 dependent manner. Overall, our research suggests that CEO possesses antioxidant and anti-aging activities, and that DAF-16 may be essential for its biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianfeng Zhang
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui 232038, PR China
| | - Bao Gu
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui 232038, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui 232038, PR China.
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20
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Anticancer Effects of Herbal Medicine Compounds and Novel Formulations: a Literature Review. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 51:765-773. [PMID: 32140897 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00385-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many agents disrupt the cell cycle and its signaling circuits leading to cancer progress. Cancer therapy is performed by surgery, radiation, and chemical drugs remaining some side effects. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anticancer traits of herbal medicines. METHODS We collected previously published data in searching engines (Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, and SCOPUS) by searching key words "herbal medicine," "anticancer effect," "compounds," and "fractions." RESULTS Herbal medicines have unraveled anticancer effects mostly through cancer cells apoptosis via blocking NF-κB pathway by curcumin and terpenoides; CD95 signaling and enhancement of CD95L expression by resveratrol; and inhibiting tyrosine kinas, angiogenesis, and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase by β-lapachone-genistein and cytochrome-c release into the cytosol and caspase-9 activation by biocalein and quercetin. Additionally, impeding cell cycle in the G1 phase in ovarian cancer cells by 7-hydroxystaurosporine, immune cells enrichment (neutrophils and NK cells activation by Viscum album L., T cells and NK cells activation and cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor release by Ganoderma lucidum and microRNAs regulation (by Sinomeniumacutum, shikonin, Oleaeuropaea, curcumin and ginseng). These effects have implications for proper cancer cells elimination. It has been revealed that cytotoxic effects of herbal compounds (mostly those secondary metabolites) have exerted anticancer properties against several cancer cell lines. In addition, targeting microRNAs, nanoparticle-assisted herbal synergism, and novel drug delivery systems and combination chemotherapies have also emerged exerting higher efficacies for specific cell targeting as novel cancer therapy approaches. CONCLUSION Considering side effects, toxicity, and higher costs of common cancer therapy approaches, application of novel herbal medicine-based therapies will confer promising insights for health outcomes.
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21
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Rajedadram A, Pin KY, Ling SK, Yan SW, Looi ML. Hydroxychavicol, a polyphenol from Piper betle leaf extract, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in TP53-resistant HT-29 colon cancer cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:112-122. [PMID: 33615752 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the antiproliferative mechanism of hydroxychavicol (HC). Its effects on cell cycle, apoptosis, and the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in HT-29 colon cancer cells were investigated. HC was isolated from Piper betle leaf (PBL) and verified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The cytotoxic effects of the standard drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), PBL water extract, and HC on HT-29 cells were measured after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment. Cell cycle and apoptosis modulation by 5-FU and HC treatments were investigated up to 30 h. Changes in phosphorylated JNK (pJNK) and P38 (pP38) MAPK expression were observed up to 18 h. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of HC (30 μg/mL) and PBL water extract (380 μg/mL) were achieved at 24 h, whereas the IC50 of 5-FU (50 μmol/L) was obtained at 72 h. Cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in HC-treated cells was observed from 12 h onwards. Higher apoptotic cell death in HC-treated cells compared to 5-FU-treated cells (P<0.05) was observed. High expression of pJNK and pP38 MAPK was observed at 12 h in HC-treated cells, but not in 5-FU-treated HT-29 cells (P<0.05). It is concluded that HC induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of HT-29 cells, with these actions possibly mediated by JNK and P38 MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiysvariyah Rajedadram
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Kar Yong Pin
- Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Malaysia
| | - Sui Kiong Ling
- Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Malaysia
| | - See Wan Yan
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Mee Lee Looi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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22
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Badr-Eldin SM, Alhakamy NA, Fahmy UA, Ahmed OAA, Asfour HZ, Althagafi AA, Aldawsari HM, Rizg WY, Mahdi WA, Alghaith AF, Alshehri S, Caraci F, Caruso G. Cytotoxic and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of a Sub-Toxic Concentration of Fluvastatin on OVCAR3 Ovarian Cancer Cells After its Optimized Formulation to Melittin Nano-Conjugates. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:642171. [PMID: 33633571 PMCID: PMC7901935 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.642171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluvastatin (FLV) is a hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor often used to lower total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and for the prevention of adverse cardiovascular events. This drug as well as melittin (MEL), the major component of honeybee venom (Apis mellifera), has shown antineoplastic activity, then representing promising approaches for cancer therapy. However, adverse effects related to the use of FLV and MEL have been reported and very few studies have been carried out to obtain an optimized formulation allowing for combining the two drugs and then maximizing the anticancer activity, then minimizing the needed dosage. In the present study, an optimized formulation in terms of minimized particle size and maximized zeta potential was investigated for its cytotoxic potential in human OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells. FLV-MEL nano-conjugates, containing a sub-toxic concentration of drug, demonstrated an improved cytotoxic potential (IC50 = 2.5 µM), about 18-fold lower, compared to the free drug (IC50 = 45.7 µM). Cell cycle analysis studies demonstrated the significant inhibition of the OVCAR3 cells proliferation exerted by FLV-MEL nano-conjugates compared to all the other treatments, with a higher percentage of cells accumulating on G2/M and pre-G1 phases, paralleled by lower percentage of cells in G0/G1 and S phases. The synergistic antineoplastic activity of FLV and MEL combined in the optimized formula was also showed by the marked pronecrotic and pro-apoptotic activities, the latter mediated by the modulation of BAX/BCL-2 ratio in favor of BAX. Our optimized FLV-MEL formulation might therefore represents a novel path for the development of specific and more effective antineoplastic drugs directed against ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa M Badr-Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Advanced Drug Delivery Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama A Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Advanced Drug Delivery Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Z Asfour
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hibah M Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Y Rizg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Advanced Drug Delivery Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael A Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel F Alghaith
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy.,Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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23
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Aziz MA, Sarwar MS, Akter T, Uddin MS, Xun S, Zhu Y, Islam MS, Hongjie Z. Polyphenolic molecules targeting STAT3 pathway for the treatment of cancer. Life Sci 2021; 268:118999. [PMID: 33421525 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is accounted as the second-highest cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Numerous preclinical and clinical investigations have consistently highlighted the role of natural polyphenolic compounds against various cancers. A plethora of potential bioactive polyphenolic molecules, primarily flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans and stilbenes, have been explored from the natural sources for their chemopreventive and chemoprotective activities. Moreover, combinations of these polyphenols with current chemotherapeutic agents have also demonstrated their strong role against both progression and resistance of malignancies. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a ubiquitously-expressed signaling molecule in almost all body cells. Thousands of literatures have revealed that STAT3 plays significant roles in promoting the cellular proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle progression, metastasis, angiogenesis and immunosuppression as well as chemoresistance through the regulation of its downstream target genes such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, cyclin D1, c-Myc and survivin. For its key role in cancer development, researchers considered STAT3 as a major target for cancer therapy that mainly focuses on abrogating the expression (activation or phosphorylation) of STAT3 in tumor cells both directly and indirectly. Polyphenolic molecules have explicated their protective actions in malignant cells via targeting STAT3 both in vitro and in vivo. In this article, we reviewed how polyphenolic compounds as well as their combinations with other chemotherapeutic drugs inhibit cancer cells by targeting STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahid Sarwar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh.
| | - Tahmina Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Song Xun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Zhang Hongjie
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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24
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25
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Zhai K, Brockmüller A, Kubatka P, Shakibaei M, Büsselberg D. Curcumin's Beneficial Effects on Neuroblastoma: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Potential Solutions. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111469. [PMID: 33105719 PMCID: PMC7690450 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from the South Asian turmeric plant (Curcuma longa), has well-characterized antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-protein-aggregate, and anticancer properties. Neuroblastoma (NB) is a cancer of the nervous system that arises primarily in pediatric patients. In order to reduce the multiple disadvantages and side effects of conventional oncologic modalities and to potentially overcome cancer drug resistance, natural substances such as curcumin are examined as complementary and supportive therapies against NB. In NB cell lines, curcumin by itself promotes apoptosis and cell cycle arrest through the suppression of serine–threonine kinase Akt and nuclear factor kappa of activated B-cells (NF-κB) signaling, induction of mitochondrial dysfunction, and upregulation of p53 and caspase signaling. While curcumin demonstrates anti-NB efficacy in vitro, cross-validation between NB cell types is currently lacking for many of its specific mechanistic activities. Furthermore, curcumin’s low bioavailability by oral administration, poor absorption, and relative insolubility in water pose challenges to its clinical introduction. Numerous curcumin formulations, including nanoparticles, nanocarriers, and microemulsions, have been developed, with these having some success in the treatment of NB. In the future, standardization and further basic and preclinical trials will be required to ensure the safety of curcumin formulations. While the administration of curcumin is clinically safe even at high doses, clinical trials are necessary to substantiate the practical efficacy of curcumin in the prevention and treatment of NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar;
| | - Aranka Brockmüller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (A.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (A.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-4492-8334
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26
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Fahmy UA, Aldawsari HM, Badr-Eldin SM, Ahmed OAA, Alhakamy NA, Alsulimani HH, Caraci F, Caruso G. The Encapsulation of Febuxostat into Emulsomes Strongly Enhances the Cytotoxic Potential of the Drug on HCT 116 Colon Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E956. [PMID: 33050567 PMCID: PMC7600960 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Febuxostat (FBX) is a drug able to inhibit xanthine oxidase and reduce uric acid production commonly used for the treatment of hyperuricemia in subjects suffering from gout. Several studies have also been directed at its use as anti-cancer drug during the last years, opening a window for its off-label use. In the present study, an optimized formulation in terms of vesicle size and drug release, obtained by encapsulation of FBX into the emulsomes (FBX-EMLs), was evaluated for its cytotoxic potential in human colorectal carcinoma (HCT 116) cells. The optimized FBX-EMLs formula had an improved half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), about 4-fold lower, compared to the free drug. The cell cycle analysis showed a significant inhibition of the HCT 116 cells proliferation following FBX-EMLs treatment compared to all the other conditions, with a higher number of cells accumulating on G2/M and pre-G1 phases, paralleled by a significant reduction of cells in G0/G1 and S phases. The optimized formula was also able to significantly increase the percentage of cell population in both early and late stages of apoptosis, characterized by a higher intracellular caspase-3 concentration, as well as percentage of necrotic cells. Lastly, the FBX ability to decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential was enhanced when the drug was delivered into the EMLs. In conclusion, the new formulation of FBX into EMLs improved all the parameters related to the anti-proliferative activity and the toxic potential of the drug towards colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama A. Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (U.A.F.); (H.M.A.); (S.M.B.-E.); (O.A.A.A.); (N.A.A.); (H.H.A.)
| | - Hibah M. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (U.A.F.); (H.M.A.); (S.M.B.-E.); (O.A.A.A.); (N.A.A.); (H.H.A.)
| | - Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (U.A.F.); (H.M.A.); (S.M.B.-E.); (O.A.A.A.); (N.A.A.); (H.H.A.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Osama A. A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (U.A.F.); (H.M.A.); (S.M.B.-E.); (O.A.A.A.); (N.A.A.); (H.H.A.)
| | - Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (U.A.F.); (H.M.A.); (S.M.B.-E.); (O.A.A.A.); (N.A.A.); (H.H.A.)
- Advanced Drug Delivery Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Helal H. Alsulimani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (U.A.F.); (H.M.A.); (S.M.B.-E.); (O.A.A.A.); (N.A.A.); (H.H.A.)
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero, 73, 94018 Troina (EN), Italy;
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero, 73, 94018 Troina (EN), Italy;
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
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27
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Analysis of the intricate effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols on inflammatory pathways in health and disease. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 143:111558. [PMID: 32640331 PMCID: PMC7335494 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, cancer, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, arthritis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and various infectious diseases; lately most notably COVID-19 have been in the front line of research worldwide. Although targeting different organs, these pathologies have common biochemical impairments - redox disparity and, prominently, dysregulation of the inflammatory pathways. Research data have shown that diet components like polyphenols, poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), fibres as well as lifestyle (fasting, physical exercise) are important factors influencing signalling pathways with a significant potential to improve metabolic homeostasis and immune cells' functions. In the present manuscript we have reviewed scientific data from recent publications regarding the beneficial cellular and molecular effects induced by dietary plant products, mainly polyphenolic compounds and PUFAs, and summarize the clinical outcomes expected from these types of interventions, in a search for effective long-term approaches to improve the immune system response.
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28
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Bukvicki D, Gottardi D, Prasad S, Novakovic M, Marin PD, Tyagi AK. The Healing Effects of Spices in Chronic Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4401-4420. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180831145800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spices are not only just herbs used in culinary for improving the taste of dishes,
they are also sources of a numerous bioactive compounds significantly beneficial for health.
They have been used since ancient times because of their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory
and carminative properties. Several scientific studies have suggested their protective role
against chronic diseases. In fact, their active compounds may help in arthritis, neurodegenerative
disorders (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,
etc.), diabetes, sore muscles, gastrointestinal problems and many more. In the present study,
possible roles of spices and their active components, in chronic diseases (cancer, arthritis,
cardiovascular diseases, etc.) along with their mechanism of action have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danka Bukvicki
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Davide Gottardi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, United States
| | - Miroslav Novakovic
- University of Belgrade, National Institute, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Petar D. Marin
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Amit Kumar Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, United States
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29
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Ganesan K, Jayachandran M, Xu B. Diet-Derived Phytochemicals Targeting Colon Cancer Stem Cells and Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3976. [PMID: 32492917 PMCID: PMC7312951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a fatal disease caused by the uncontrolled propagation and endurance of atypical colon cells. A person's lifestyle and eating pattern have significant impacts on the CRC in a positive and/or negative way. Diet-derived phytochemicals modulate the microbiome as well as targeting colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are found to offer significant protective effects against CRC, which were organized in an appropriate spot on the paper. All information on dietary phytochemicals, gut microbiome, CSCs, and their influence on CRC were accessed from the various databases and electronic search engines. The effectiveness of CRC can be reduced using various dietary phytochemicals or modulating microbiome that reduces or inverses the progression of a tumor as well as CSCs, which could be a promising and efficient way to reduce the burden of CRC. Phytochemicals with modulation of gut microbiome continue to be auspicious investigations in CRC through noticeable anti-tumorigenic effects and goals to CSCs, which provides new openings for cancer inhibition and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- Food Science and Technology Programme, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China; (K.G.); (M.J.)
- Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for Pain, Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Muthukumaran Jayachandran
- Food Science and Technology Programme, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China; (K.G.); (M.J.)
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Programme, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China; (K.G.); (M.J.)
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30
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Hatami E, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC, Yallapu MM. Gambogic acid: A shining natural compound to nanomedicine for cancer therapeutics. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188381. [PMID: 32492470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The United States Food and Drug Administration has permitted number of therapeutic agents for cancer treatment. Most of them are expensive and have some degree of systemic toxicity which makes overbearing in clinical settings. Although advanced research continuously applied in cancer therapeutics, but drug resistance, metastasis, and recurrence remain unanswerable. These accounts to an urgent clinical need to discover natural compounds with precisely safe and highly efficient for the cancer prevention and cancer therapy. Gambogic acid (GA) is the principle bioactive and caged xanthone component, a brownish gamboge resin secreted from the of Garcinia hanburyi tree. This molecule showed a spectrum of biological and clinical benefits against various cancers. In this review, we document distinct biological characteristics of GA as a novel anti-cancer agent. This review also delineates specific molecular mechanism(s) of GA that are involved in anti-cancer, anti-metastasis, anti-angiogenesis, and chemo-/radiation sensitizer activities. Furthermore, recent evidence, development, and implementation of various nanoformulations of gambogic acid (nanomedicine) have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hatami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA.
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Agioutantis PC, Kotsikoris V, Kolisis FN, Loutrari H. RNA-seq data analysis of stimulated hepatocellular carcinoma cells treated with epigallocatechin gallate and fisetin reveals target genes and action mechanisms. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:686-695. [PMID: 32257052 PMCID: PMC7113608 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an essentially incurable inflammation-related cancer. We have previously shown by network analysis of proteomic data that the flavonoids epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and fisetin (FIS) efficiently downregulated pro-tumor cytokines released by HCC through inhibition of Akt/mTOR/RPS6 phospho-signaling. However, their mode of action at the global transcriptome level remains unclear. Herein, we endeavor to compare gene expression alterations mediated by these compounds through a comprehensive transcriptome analysis based on RNA-seq in HEP3B, a responsive HCC cell line, upon perturbation with a mixture of prototypical stimuli mimicking conditions of tumor microenvironment or under constitutive state. Analysis of RNA-seq data revealed extended changes on HEP3B transcriptome imposed by test nutraceuticals. Under stimulated conditions, EGCG and FIS significantly modified, compared to the corresponding control, the expression of 922 and 973 genes, respectively, the large majority of which (695 genes), was affected by both compounds. Hierarchical clustering based on the expression data of shared genes demonstrated an almost identical profile in nutraceutical-treated stimulated cells which was virtually opposite in cells exposed to stimuli alone. Downstream enrichment analyses of the co-modified genes uncovered significant associations with cancer-related transcription factors as well as terms of Gene Ontology/Reactome Pathways and highlighted ECM dynamics as a nodal modulation point by nutraceuticals along with angiogenesis, inflammation, cell motility and growth. RNA-seq data for selected genes were independently confirmed by RT-qPCR. Overall, the present systems approach provides novel evidence stepping up the mechanistic understanding of test nutraceuticals, thus rationalizing their clinical exploitation in new preventive/therapeutic modalities against HCC.
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Key Words
- ADAM, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs
- ADAMTS9, ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 9
- CLIC3, Chloride Intracellular Channel 3
- CTGF, Connective Tissue Growth Factor
- DEGs, differentially expressed genes
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGCG, epigallocatechin gallate
- EMT, epithelial to mesenchymal transition
- Epigallocatechin gallate
- FIS, fisetin
- Fisetin
- GO, Gene Ontology
- Gene Ontology
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HSPA2, Heat Shock Protein Family A (Hsp70) Member 2
- HSPB1, Heat Shock Protein Family B (Small) Member 1
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- MEM, minimum essential medium
- MMP11, Matrix Metallopeptidase 11
- MMP9, Matrix Metallopeptidase 9
- MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases
- PDGFRB, Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Beta
- RNA-sequencing
- RT-qPCR, reverse transcription-quantitative real time PCR
- Reactome Pathways
- SD, standard deviation
- SEM, standard error of mean
- SERPINE1, Serpin Family E Member 1
- STIM, stimulated
- TF, transcription factor
- Transcription factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis C Agioutantis
- G.P. Livanos and M. Simou Laboratories, 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, Evangelismos Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 3 Ploutarchou Str., Athens 10675, Greece.,Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, Athens 15780, Greece
| | - Vasilios Kotsikoris
- G.P. Livanos and M. Simou Laboratories, 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, Evangelismos Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 3 Ploutarchou Str., Athens 10675, Greece
| | - Fragiskos N Kolisis
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, Athens 15780, Greece
| | - Heleni Loutrari
- G.P. Livanos and M. Simou Laboratories, 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, Evangelismos Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 3 Ploutarchou Str., Athens 10675, Greece
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Raimondi L, De Luca A, Giavaresi G, Barone A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P, Amodio N. Impact of Natural Dietary Agents on Multiple Myeloma Prevention and Treatment: Molecular Insights and Potential for Clinical Translation. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:187-215. [PMID: 29956610 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180629153141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Chemoprevention is based on the use of non-toxic, pharmacologically active agents to prevent tumor progression. In this regard, natural dietary agents have been described by the most recent literature as promising tools for controlling onset and progression of malignancies. Extensive research has been so far performed to shed light on the effects of natural products on tumor growth and survival, disclosing the most relevant signal transduction pathways targeted by such compounds. Overall, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and cytotoxic effects of dietary agents on tumor cells are supported either by results from epidemiological or animal studies and even by clinical trials. Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy characterized by abnormal proliferation of bone marrow plasma cells and subsequent hypercalcemia, renal dysfunction, anemia, or bone disease, which remains incurable despite novel emerging therapeutic strategies. Notably, increasing evidence supports the capability of dietary natural compounds to antagonize multiple myeloma growth in preclinical models of the disease, underscoring their potential as candidate anti-cancer agents. In this review, we aim at summarizing findings on the anti-tumor activity of dietary natural products, focusing on their molecular mechanisms, which include inhibition of oncogenic signal transduction pathways and/or epigenetic modulating effects, along with their potential clinical applications against multiple myeloma and its related bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Agnese Barone
- Hospice Cascina Brandezzata-Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Catanzaro, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Catanzaro, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Catanzaro, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Bansode PA, Patil PV, Birajdar AR, Somasundaram I, Bachute MT, Rashinkar GS. Anticancer, Antioxidant and Antiangiogenic Activities of Nanoparticles of Bioactive Dietary Nutraceuticals. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prakash A. Bansode
- Department of ChemistryShivaji University Kolhapur 416004, M.S. India
- Department of ChemistrySangola College Sangola Solapur 413307, M.S. India
| | - Pradnya V. Patil
- Department of ChemistryShivaji University Kolhapur 416004, M.S. India
| | - Apurva R. Birajdar
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineD.Y. Patil Educational Society Kolhapur 400614, M.S. India
| | - Indumathi Somasundaram
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineD.Y. Patil Educational Society Kolhapur 400614, M.S. India
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Zerumbone Exhibits Antiphotoaging and Dermatoprotective Properties in Ultraviolet A-Irradiated Human Skin Fibroblast Cells via the Activation of Nrf2/ARE Defensive Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4098674. [PMID: 31814875 PMCID: PMC6878809 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4098674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation (320-400 nm range) triggers deleterious consequences in skin cell microenvironment leading to skin damage, photoaging (premature skin aging), and cancer. The accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a key role in this effect. With rapid progress in cosmetic health and quality of life, use of safe and highly effective phytochemicals has become a need of the hour. Zerumbone (ZER), a natural sesquiterpene, from Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes is well-known for its beneficial effects. We investigated the antiphotoaging and dermatoprotective efficacies of ZER (2-8 μM) against UVA irradiation (3 J/cm2) and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms in human skin fibroblast (HSF) cells. ZER treatment prior to low dose of UVA exposure increased cell viability. UVA-induced ROS generation was remarkably suppressed by ZER with parallel inhibition of MMP-1 activation and collagen III degradation. This was due to the inhibition of AP-1 (c-Fos and c-Jun) translocation. Furthermore, ZER alleviated UVA-induced SA-β-galactosidase activity. Dose- or time-dependent increase of antioxidant genes, HO-1 and γ-GCLC by ZER, was associated with increased expression and nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 as well as decreased cytosolic Keap-1 expressions. Altered luciferase activity of ARE could explain the significance of Nrf2/ARE pathway underlying the dermatoprotective properties of ZER. Pharmacological inhibition of various signaling pathways suppressed nuclear Nrf2 activation in HSF cells confirming that Nrf2 translocation was mediated by ERK, JNK, PI3K/AKT, PKC, AMPK, casein kinase II, and ROS signaling pathways. Moreover, increased basal ROS levels and Nrf2 translocation seem crucial in ZER-mediated Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. This was also evidenced from Nrf2 knocked-out studies in which ZER was not able to suppress the UVA-induced ROS generation in the absence of Nrf2. This study concluded that in the treatment of UVA-induced premature skin aging, ZER may consider as a desirable food supplement for skin protection and/or preparation of skin care products.
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Mao XM, Zhou P, Li SY, Zhang XY, Shen JX, Chen QX, Zhuang JX, Shen DY. Diosgenin Suppresses Cholangiocarcinoma Cells Via Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest And Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:9093-9104. [PMID: 31806994 PMCID: PMC6839585 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s226261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diosgenin (DSG) is the precursor of steroid hormones and plays a crucial part in the proliferation of various carcinomas including human colorectal cancer and gastric carcinoma. Nevertheless, its specific features and mechanisms in human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remain unknown. Methods MTS assay, colony-forming assay, and EdU assay were performed to determine the role of DSG on the progression of human CCA cells. The distributions of cell cycle, the ratio of apoptosis, and the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were studied by flow cytometry (FCM). AO/EB and Hoechst 33258 staining were performed to observe the morphological features of cell apoptosis. TEM was performed to observe the ultrastructures of QBC939 and HuCCT1 cells. The mRNA and protein expression of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and GSK3β/β-catenin pathway were further confirmed by qPCR and Western blotting. The xenograft tumor model of HuCCT1 cells was built. Immunohistochemistry of tumor tissues was performed. Results Our results indicated that DSG inhibited the progression of six CCA cell lines. In vivo tumor studies also indicated that DSG significantly inhibited tumor growth in xenografts in nude mice. The expression of mitosis-promoting factor cyclinB1 was decreased along with the elevating level of cell cycle inhibitor p21, resulting in arresting CCA cell cycles at G2/M phase. Furthermore, DSG induced apoptosis with the increased expressions of cytosol cytochrome C, cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-PARP1 and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Mechanistically, our study showed that GSK3β/β-catenin pathway was involved in the apoptosis of CCA cells. Thus, DSG might provide a new clue for the drug therapy of CCA. Conclusion In our data, DSG was found to have efficient antitumor potential of human CCA cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Mao
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yang Li
- Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yun Zhang
- Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Xing Shen
- Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Xi Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Xing Zhuang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Yan Shen
- Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, People's Republic of China
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Role of Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20204981. [PMID: 31600949 PMCID: PMC6834187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20204981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of synthetic, natural, or biological agents to minimize the occurrence of cancer in healthy individuals is defined as cancer chemoprevention. Chemopreventive agents inhibit the development of cancer either by impeding DNA damage, which leads to malignancy or by reversing or blocking the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage. The benefit of this approach has been demonstrated in clinical trials of breast, prostate, and colon cancer. The continuous increase in cancer cases, failure of conventional chemotherapies to control cancer, and excessive toxicity of chemotherapies clearly demand an alternative approach. The first trial to show benefit of chemoprevention was undertaken in breast cancer patients with the use of tamoxifen, which demonstrated a significant decrease in invasive breast cancer. The success of using chemopreventive agents for protecting the high risk populations from cancer indicates that the strategy is rational and promising. Dietary components such as capsaicin, cucurbitacin B, isoflavones, catechins, lycopenes, benzyl isothiocyanate, phenethyl isothiocyanate, and piperlongumine have demonstrated inhibitory effects on cancer cells indicating that they may serve as chemopreventive agents. In this review, we have addressed the mechanism of chemopreventive and anticancer effects of several natural agents.
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Kunnumakkara AB, Harsha C, Banik K, Vikkurthi R, Sailo BL, Bordoloi D, Gupta SC, Aggarwal BB. Is curcumin bioavailability a problem in humans: lessons from clinical trials. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2019; 15:705-733. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2019.1650914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Rajesh Vikkurthi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Bethsebie L. Sailo
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Devivasha Bordoloi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Subash C. Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Vallée A, Lecarpentier Y, Vallée JN. Curcumin: a therapeutic strategy in cancers by inhibiting the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:323. [PMID: 31331376 PMCID: PMC6647277 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1320-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have presented that curcumin could have a positive effect in the prevention of cancer and then in tumor therapy. Several hypotheses have highlighted that curcumin could decreases tumor growth and invasion by acting on both chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. This review focuses on the interest of use curcumin in cancer therapy by acting on the WNT/β-catenin pathway to repress chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. In the cancer process, one of the major signaling pathways involved is the WNT/β-catenin pathway, which appears to be upregulated. Curcumin administration participates to the downregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway and thus, through this action, in tumor growth control. Curcumin act as PPARγ agonists. The WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ act in an opposed manner. Chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and circadian clock disruption are common and co-substantial pathological processes accompanying and promoting cancers. Circadian clock disruption related to the upregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway is involved in cancers. By stimulating PPARγ expression, curcumin can control circadian clocks through the regulation of many key circadian genes. The administration of curcumin in cancer treatment would thus appear to be an interesting therapeutic strategy, which acts through their role in regulating WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Hotel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, 1 place du Parvis de Notre-Dame, Paris, France
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l’Est Francilien (GHEF), 6-8 rue Saint-fiacre, 77100 Meaux, France
| | - Jean-Noël Vallée
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Amiens Picardie, Université Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80054 Amiens, France
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Applications (LMA), UMR CNRS 7348, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Tan BL, Norhaizan ME. Curcumin Combination Chemotherapy: The Implication and Efficacy in Cancer. Molecules 2019; 24:E2527. [PMID: 31295906 PMCID: PMC6680685 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Many chemotherapeutic drugs have been used for the treatment of cancer, for instance, doxorubicin, irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and paclitaxel. However, the effectiveness of chemotherapy is limited in cancer therapy due to drug resistance, therapeutic selectivity, and undesirable side effects. The combination of therapies with natural compounds is likely to increase the effectiveness of drug treatment as well as reduce the adverse outcomes. Curcumin, a polyphenolic isolated from Curcuma longa, belongs to the rhizome of Zingiberaceae plants. Studies from in vitro and in vivo revealed that curcumin exerts many pharmacological activities with less toxic effects. The biological mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of co-treatment curcumin and chemotherapy are complex and worth to discuss further. Therefore, this review aimed to address the molecular mechanisms of combined curcumin and chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer. The anticancer activity of combined nanoformulation of curcumin and chemotherapy was also discussed in this study. Taken together, a better understanding of the implication and underlying mechanisms of action of combined curcumin and chemotherapy may provide a useful approach to combat cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Ling Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Esa Norhaizan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Research Centre of Excellent, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases (NNCD), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Wang F, Song X, Ma S, Liu C, Sun X, Wang X, Liu Z, Liang D, Yu Z. The treatment role of Cyperus rotundus L. to triple-negative breast cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190502. [PMID: 31123166 PMCID: PMC6554218 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperus rotundus L. is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine and studies have reported its anticancer effect, but its chemical composition and therapy mechanism remains unknown. This research aims to analyze the chemical components of the ethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus L. (EECR), detect its treatment effects on human Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, and elucidate possible therapy mechanisms. The chemical components of EECR were detected by the Waters UPLC combined with Bruker Q-TOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). The phytochemical compounds were identified by comparing the mass fragmentations of each metabolite with databases such as METLIN, HMDB, and NCBI. A total of 21 compounds were identified in EECR. MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells were treated with various concentrations of EECR. Cell proliferation was examined using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Apoptosis- and autophagy-related protein expression was detected by Western blot. EECR inhibits the proliferation of TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) in a dose-dependent manner, which may be related to the arrest of cell cycle in G0/G1 phase. It induces apoptosis by promoting the expression of BAX and inhibiting the expression of BCL-2. In addition, autophagy inhibitor 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) inhibited TNBC cells pro-survival autophagy and increased the sensitivity of EECR. The present results demonstrated that EECR has potential effects on inhibits the proliferation and induction apoptosis in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fukai Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Xiang Song
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
| | - Shuangshuang Ma
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Chenyu Liu
- Department of Physiology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20057, U.S.A
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Xinzhao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
| | - Zhaoyun Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
| | - Dong Liang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Zhiyong Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
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Hajizadeh MR, Parvaz N, Barani M, Khoshdel A, Fahmidehkar MA, Mahmoodi M, Torkzadeh-Mahani M. Diosgenin-loaded niosome as an effective phytochemical nanocarrier: physicochemical characterization, loading efficiency, and cytotoxicity assay. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 27:329-339. [PMID: 31134490 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00277-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of phytochemicals to prevent or suppress tumours is known as chemoprevention. Numerous plant-derived agents have been reported to have anticancer potentials. As one such anticancer phytochemical, diosgenin has several applications which are nevertheless limited due to its low solubility in water. METHODS We loaded diosgenin into niosome to increase its solubility and hence efficiency. Diosgenin-niosome (diosgenin loaded into niosome) was prepared by thin-film hydration method and characterised by optical microscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-visible spectrophotometry. Also, loading efficiency, in vitro drug release, and cytotoxicity assay were performed on HepG2 cell line. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Diosgenin-niosome has a nanometric size with a normal size distribution and spherical morphology. The loading efficiency of diosgenin was about 89% with a sustainable and controllable release rate. Finally, the viability of free diosgenin was 61.25%, and after loading into niosomes, it was improved to 28.32%. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that niosomes increase the solubility of naturally derived hydrophobic chemicals and thus enhance their anticancer effect. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Hajizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Najmeh Parvaz
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahmood Barani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Khoshdel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Fahmidehkar
- Research Center of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mahmoodi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipoor Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoud Torkzadeh-Mahani
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
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A network pharmacology approach to investigate the pharmacological effect of curcumin and capsaicin targets in cancer angiogenesis by module-based PPI network analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42485-019-00012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Diosgenin and Its Fenugreek Based Biological Matrix Affect Insulin Resistance and Anabolic Hormones in a Rat Based Insulin Resistance Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7213913. [PMID: 31080828 PMCID: PMC6475550 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7213913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Fenugreek is known since ancient times as a traditional herbal medicine of its multiple beneficial effects. Fenugreek's most studied and employed effect is its hypoglycemic property, but it can also be useful for the treatment of certain thyroid disorders or for the treatment of anorexia. The regulation of glucose homeostasis is a complex mechanism, dependent on the interaction of different types of hormones and neurotransmitters or other compounds. For the study of how diosgenin and fenugreek seeds modify insulin sensitivity, we used a rat insulin resistance model induced by high-fat diet. Diosgenin in three different doses (1mg/bwkg, 10mg/bwkg, and 50 mg/bwkg, respectively) and fenugreek seed (0.2 g/bwkg) were administered orally for 6 weeks. Insulin sensitivity was determined by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamp method. Our research group found that although glucose infusion rate was not significantly modified in either group, the increased insulin sensitivity index and high metabolic clearance rate of insulin found in the 1 mg/kg diosgenin and the fenugreek seed treated group suggested an improved peripheral insulin sensitivity. Results from the 10 mg/kg diosgenin group, however, suggest a marked insulin resistance. Fenugreek seed therapy results on the investigated anabolic hormones support the theory that, besides insulin and gastrointestinal peptides, the hypothalamic-hypopituitary axis regulated hormones synchronized action with IGF-1 also play an important role in the maintaining of normal glucose levels. Both diosgenin and fenugreek seeds are capable of interacting with substrates of the above-mentioned regulatory mechanisms, inducing serious hormonal disorders. Moreover, fenugreek seeds showed the ability to reduce the thyroid hormone levels at the periphery and to modify the T4/T3 ratio. It means that in healthy people this effect could be considered a severe side effect; however, in hypothyroidism this effect represents a possibility of alternative natural therapy.
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Girisa S, Shabnam B, Monisha J, Fan L, Halim CE, Arfuso F, Ahn KS, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Potential of Zerumbone as an Anti-Cancer Agent. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040734. [PMID: 30781671 PMCID: PMC6413012 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still a major risk factor to public health globally, causing approximately 9.8 million deaths worldwide in 2018. Despite advances in conventional treatment modalities for cancer treatment, there are still few effective therapies available due to the lack of selectivity, adverse side effects, non-specific toxicities, and tumour recurrence. Therefore, there is an immediate need for essential alternative therapeutics, which can prove to be beneficial and safe against cancer. Various phytochemicals from natural sources have been found to exhibit beneficial medicinal properties against various human diseases. Zerumbone is one such compound isolated from Zingiber zerumbet Smith that possesses diverse pharmacological properties including those of antioxidant, antibacterial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, as well as anti-neoplastic. Zerumbone has shown its anti-cancer effects by causing significant suppression of proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis through the molecular modulation of different pathways such as NF-κB, Akt, and IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 (interleukin-6/janus kinase-2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and their downstream target proteins. The current review briefly summarizes the modes of action and therapeutic potential of zerumbone against various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Bano Shabnam
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Javadi Monisha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Lu Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Clarissa Esmeralda Halim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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Vinayak M. Molecular Action of Herbal Antioxidants in Regulation of Cancer Growth: Scope for Novel Anticancer Drugs. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:1199-1209. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1539187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manjula Vinayak
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Sethi G, Shanmugam MK, Warrier S, Merarchi M, Arfuso F, Kumar AP, Bishayee A. Pro-Apoptotic and Anti-Cancer Properties of Diosgenin: A Comprehensive and Critical Review. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10050645. [PMID: 29783752 PMCID: PMC5986524 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel and alternative options are being adopted to combat the initiation and progression of human cancers. One of the approaches is the use of molecules isolated from traditional medicinal herbs, edible dietary plants and seeds that play a pivotal role in the prevention/treatment of cancer, either alone or in combination with existing chemotherapeutic agents. Compounds that modulate these oncogenic processes are potential candidates for cancer therapy and may eventually make it to clinical applications. Diosgenin is a naturally occurring steroidal sapogenin and is one of the major bioactive compounds found in dietary fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds. In addition to being a lactation aid, diosgenin has been shown to be hypocholesterolemic, gastro- and hepato-protective, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer. Diosgenin has a unique structural similarity to estrogen. Several preclinical studies have reported on the pro-apoptotic and anti-cancer properties of diosgenin against a variety of cancers, both in in vitro and in vivo. Diosgenin has also been reported to reverse multi-drug resistance in cancer cells and sensitize cancer cells to standard chemotherapy. Remarkably, diosgenin has also been reported to be used by pharmaceutical companies to synthesize steroidal drugs. Several novel diosgenin analogs and nano-formulations have been synthesized with improved anti-cancer efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile. In this review we discuss in detail the multifaceted anti-cancer properties of diosgenin that have found application in pharmaceutical, functional food, and cosmetic industries; and the various intracellular molecular targets modulated by diosgenin that abrogate the oncogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Sethi
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore 560065, India.
| | - Myriam Merarchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, 18301 N. Miami Avenue, Miami, FL 33169, USA.
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Chen H, Liu RH. Potential Mechanisms of Action of Dietary Phytochemicals for Cancer Prevention by Targeting Cellular Signaling Transduction Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3260-3276. [PMID: 29498272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a severe health problem that significantly undermines life span and quality. Dietary approach helps provide preventive, nontoxic, and economical strategies against cancer. Increased intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are linked to reduced risk of cancer and other chronic diseases. The anticancer activities of plant-based foods are related to the actions of phytochemicals. One potential mechanism of action of anticancer phytochemicals is that they regulate cellular signal transduction pathways and hence affects cancer cell behaviors such as proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. Recent publications have reported phytochemicals to have anticancer activities through targeting a wide variety of cell signaling pathways at different levels, such as transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation, protein activation and intercellular messaging. In this review, we discuss major groups of phytochemicals and their regulation on cell signaling transduction against carcinogenesis via key participators, such as Nrf2, CYP450, MAPK, Akt, JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, p53, NF-κB, and cancer-related miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Chen
- Department of Food Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853-7201 , United States
- Institute of Edible Fungi , Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Science , Shanghai 201403 , China
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853-7201 , United States
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48
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Petrini A, Pettinari R, Marchetti F, Pettinari C, Therrien B, Galindo AN, Scopelliti R, Riedel T, Dyson PJ. Cytotoxic Half-Sandwich Rh(III) and Ir(III) β-Diketonates. Inorg Chem 2018; 56:13600-13612. [PMID: 29053264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of half-sandwich pentamethylcyclopentadienyl rhodium(III) and iridium(III) complexes [Cp*M(DBM/HDB/AVB)Cl] and [Cp*M(DBM/HDB/AVB)(PTA)][SO3CF3], where Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, the proligands DBMH = dibenzoylmethane, HDBH = o-hydroxydibenzoylmethane, AVBH = avobenzone, and PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane, is reported. All the complexes were characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and DFT calculations. Five of the complexes have also been characterized in the solid-state by X-ray crystallography. The cytotoxicity of the complexes has been evaluated against human ovarian A2780 and A2780cisR cell lines and, with the only exception of complexes 1 and 2 that display a negligible cytotoxicity, exhibit moderate cytotoxicity toward both cancer cell lines. However, the complexes do not show cancer cell selectivity with respect to human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bruno Therrien
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Neuchatel , Avenue de Bellevaux 51, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Agustı N Galindo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla , Aptdo 1203, 41071 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tina Riedel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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49
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Kotowski U, Kadletz L, Schneider S, Foki E, Schmid R, Seemann R, Thurnher D, Heiduschka G. 6-shogaol induces apoptosis and enhances radiosensitivity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Phytother Res 2018; 32:340-347. [PMID: 29168275 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is used for a wide array of conditions in traditional medicine in Asia, but little is known about the effect on head and neck cancer. In this study, the effect of two major pharmacologically active compounds of ginger, 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol, were studied on head and neck cancer cell lines. Furthermore, experiments in combination with established treatment methods for head and neck cancer were performed. Proliferation assays showed a dose-dependent reduction of cell viability. Flow cytometry analysis revealed the induction of apoptosis. Western blot analysis indicated that the antiapoptotic protein survivin was suppressed after treatment. Although a combination of 6-shogaol with cisplatin exhibited no synergistic effect, the combination with irradiation showed a synergistic reduction of clonogenic survival. In conclusion, ginger compounds have many noteworthy effects on head and neck cancer cell lines. In particular, the enhancement of radiosensitivity is remarkable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulana Kotowski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorenz Kadletz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven Schneider
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Foki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer Schmid
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel, 18-20 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Seemann
- Department of Cranio-, Maxillofacial- and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Thurnher
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 2, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Gregor Heiduschka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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50
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Kunnumakkara AB, Sailo BL, Banik K, Harsha C, Prasad S, Gupta SC, Bharti AC, Aggarwal BB. Chronic diseases, inflammation, and spices: how are they linked? J Transl Med 2018; 16:14. [PMID: 29370858 PMCID: PMC5785894 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1381-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive research within the last several decades has revealed that the major risk factors for most chronic diseases are infections, obesity, alcohol, tobacco, radiation, environmental pollutants, and diet. It is now well established that these factors induce chronic diseases through induction of inflammation. However, inflammation could be either acute or chronic. Acute inflammation persists for a short duration and is the host defense against infections and allergens, whereas the chronic inflammation persists for a long time and leads to many chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, respiratory diseases, etc. Numerous lines of evidence suggest that the aforementioned risk factors induced cancer through chronic inflammation. First, transcription factors NF-κB and STAT3 that regulate expression of inflammatory gene products, have been found to be constitutively active in most cancers; second, chronic inflammation such as pancreatitis, prostatitis, hepatitis etc. leads to cancers; third, activation of NF-κB and STAT3 leads to cancer cell proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis; fourth, activation of NF-κB and STAT3 leads to resistance to chemotherapy and radiation, and hypoxia and acidic conditions activate these transcription factors. Therefore, targeting these pathways may provide opportunities for both prevention and treatment of cancer and other chronic diseases. We will discuss in this review the potential of various dietary agents such as spices and its components in the suppression of inflammatory pathways and their roles in the prevention and therapy of cancer and other chronic diseases. In fact, epidemiological studies do indicate that cancer incidence in countries such as India where spices are consumed daily is much lower (94/100,000) than those where spices are not consumed such as United States (318/100,000), suggesting the potential role of spices in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| | - Bethsebie L Sailo
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
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