1
|
Castelló A, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Pérez-Gómez B, Chirlaque MD, Bonet C, Amiano P, Ardanaz E, Huerta JM, Zamora-Ros R, Quirós JR, Barricarte-Gurrea A, Pollán M, Sanchez MJ. High adherence to Western dietary pattern and prostate cancer risk: findings from the EPIC-Spain cohort. BJU Int 2023; 132:272-282. [PMID: 37073612 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the association between three previously identified dietary patterns (Western, Prudent and Mediterranean) and prostate cancer (PCa) risk by tumour aggressiveness. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The Spanish cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study provided dietary and epidemiological information from 15 296 men recruited during the period 1992-1996. The associations between the adherence to the three dietary patterns and PCa risk (global, for Gleason grade groups 6 and >6, and for International Society of Urological Pathology [ISUP] grade 1 + 2 and ISUP grade 3 + 4 + 5) was explored with multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models stratified by centre and age. RESULTS While no effect on PCa risk was detected for the Prudent and Mediterranean dietary patterns, a suggestion of a detrimental effect of the Western dietary pattern was found (hazard ratio [HR]Q4vsQ1 1.29 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.96;1.72]). This effect was only observed for Gleason grade group >6 (HRQ3vsQ1 1.61 [95% CI 1.00; 2.59] and HRQ4vsQ1 1.60 [95% CI 0.96; 2.67]) and in particular ISUP grade 3 + 4 + 5 tumours (HRQ2vsQ1 1.97 [95% CI 0.98; 3.93]; HRQ3vsQ1 2.72 (95% CI 1.35; 5.51); HRQ4vsQ1 2.29 [95% CI 1.07; 4.92]). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that a high adherence to a healthy diet such as that represented by the Prudent and Mediterranean dietary patterns is not enough to prevent prostate cancer. Additionally, reducing adherence to a Western-type diet seems to be necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adela Castelló
- School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Chirlaque
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Catalina Bonet
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
- Epidemiology and Public Health Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Raúl Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Aurelio Barricarte-Gurrea
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-José Sanchez
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Balali A, Askari G, Anjom-Shoae J, Sadeghi O. Association between nut consumption and prostate cancer risk in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1293-1307. [PMID: 37160404 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Data on the association between nut consumption and prostate cancer risk are conflicting. Therefore, this systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis aimed to summarize available findings from observational studies on the associations of nut intake with risk of total, advanced, non-advanced, and fatal prostate cancers. DATA SYNTHESIS We searched the online databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science as well as Google Scholar using appropriate keywords to identify eligible articles up to September 2022. In total, 11 articles with a total sample size of 287,786 participants and 32,213 cases of prostate cancer were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis. By comparing the highest and lowest intake of total nuts, pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for total, advanced, non-advanced, and fatal prostate cancers were 0.94 (95% CI: 0.85-1.04, P = 0.22), 1.10 (95% CI: 0.98-1.24, P = 0.12), 0.97 (95% CI: 0.85-1.11, P = 0.69), 0.97 (95% CI: 0.79-1.18, P = 0.73), respectively, which indicated non-significant inverse associations for total, non-advanced, and fatal prostate cancers and a non-significant positive association for advanced prostate cancer. In the dose-response analyses, we found no evidence of a linear or non-linear association between total nut intake and prostate cancer risk. Data on other types of nuts, including walnut, tree nuts, peanut, and peanut butter, were not sufficient for performing a meta-analysis. CONCLUSION We found no significant association between nut intake and risk of total, advanced, non-advanced, and fatal prostate cancer. Further studies are required to confirm our findings. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CODE CRD42022347094. ETHICAL APPROVAL Not required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arghavan Balali
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Javad Anjom-Shoae
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Understanding the Link between Sugar and Cancer: An Examination of the Preclinical and Clinical Evidence. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246042. [PMID: 36551528 PMCID: PMC9775518 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Per capita sugar consumption has increased in the United States to over 45 kg per year. The average person in the US currently consumes significantly more added sugar in their diet than the World Health Organization's, the American Cancer Society's, and the American Heart Association's recommendations for daily sugar consumption. Evidence from epidemiologic and preclinical studies demonstrates that excess sugar consumption can lead to development of cancer and progression of disease for those with cancer independent of the association between sugar and obesity. Human epidemiologic studies and mechanistic preclinical studies in multiple cancers support a causal link between excess sugar and cancer. Preclinical studies show that high-sucrose or high-fructose diets activate several mechanistic pathways, including inflammation, glucose, and lipid metabolic pathways. Although human studies are limited, compelling human and primate studies have explored the link between added sugar and metabolic syndrome (MetS), a risk factor for cancer. Substantial evidence suggests a causal link between MetS and added sugar, indicating important implications in the association between excess sugar consumption and cancer. Human clinical trials are needed to determine whether sugar increases cancer development and progression independently of its established role in causing obesity as well as for further exploration of the mechanisms involved.
Collapse
|
4
|
Dietary Patterns and Prostate Cancer: CAPLIFE Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143475. [PMID: 35884536 PMCID: PMC9316982 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of prostate cancer (PCa) remains uncertain, and the role of diet is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the role of diet, through dietary patterns, on PCa, considering tumor aggressiveness and extension. The CAPLIFE study is a population-based case-control study including a total of 428 incident PCa cases and 393 controls aged 40-80 years. Dietary information was collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Three dietary patterns were identified through principal component analysis: "Mediterranean," "Western," and "Unhealthy," which were categorized into tertiles according to the control group cutoff points. Tumor aggressiveness and extension was determined. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between dietary patterns and PCa. High adherence to an unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of PCa, ORT3vsT1 = 1.52 (95% CI 1.02-2.27), especially for cases with ISUP 1-2 and localized PCa tumors. This association was not observed with a Western or Mediterranean pattern. In conclusion, adherence to an unhealthy diet appears to be associated with higher odds of PCa, especially for cases with ISUP 1-2 and localized PCa tumors.
Collapse
|
5
|
Oczkowski M, Dziendzikowska K, Pasternak-Winiarska A, Włodarek D, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. Dietary Factors and Prostate Cancer Development, Progression, and Reduction. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020496. [PMID: 33546190 PMCID: PMC7913227 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the constantly increasing number of cases, prostate cancer has become one of the most important health problems of modern societies. This review presents the current knowledge regarding the role of nutrients and foodstuff consumption in the etiology and development of prostate malignancies, including the potential mechanisms of action. The results of several in vivo and in vitro laboratory experiments as well as those reported by the clinical and epidemiological research studies carried out around the world were analyzed. The outcomes of these studies clearly show the influence of both nutrients and food products on the etiology and prevention of prostate cancer. Consumption of certain nutrients (saturated and trans fatty acids) and food products (e.g., processed meat products) leads to the disruption of prostate hormonal regulation, induction of oxidative stress and inflammation, and alteration of growth factor signaling and lipid metabolism, which all contribute to prostate carcinogenesis. On the other hand, a high consumption of vegetables, fruits, fish, and whole grain products exerts protective and/or therapeutic effects. Special bioactive functions are assigned to compounds such as flavonoids, stilbenes, and lycopene. Since the influence of nutrients and dietary pattern is a modifiable risk factor in the development and prevention of prostate cancer, awareness of the beneficial and harmful effects of individual food ingredients is of great importance in the global strategy against prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
6
|
Naghshi S, Sadeghian M, Nasiri M, Mobarak S, Asadi M, Sadeghi O. Association of Total Nut, Tree Nut, Peanut, and Peanut Butter Consumption with Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Adv Nutr 2020; 12:793-808. [PMID: 33307550 PMCID: PMC8166551 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Data on the association of nut intake with risk of cancer and its mortality are conflicting. Although previous meta-analyses summarized available findings in this regard, some limitations may distort their findings. Moreover, none of these meta-analyses examined the dose-response associations of total nut intake with the risk of specific cancers as well as associations between specific types of nuts and cancer mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize available findings on the associations of total nut (tree nuts and peanuts), tree nut (walnuts, pistachios, macadamia nuts, pecans, cashews, almonds, hazelnuts, and Brazil nuts), peanut (whole peanuts without considering peanut butter), and peanut butter consumption with risk of cancer and its mortality by considering the above-mentioned points. We searched the online databases until March 2020 to identify eligible articles. In total, 43 articles on cancer risk and 9 articles on cancer mortality were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis. The summary effect size (ES) for risk of cancer, comparing the highest with lowest intakes of total nuts, was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.92, P < 0.001, I2 = 58.1%; P < 0.01), indicating a significant inverse association. Such a significant inverse association was also seen for tree nut intake (pooled ES: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78-0.96, P < 0.01, I2 = 15.8%; P = 0.28). Based on the dose-response analysis, a 5-g/d increase in total nut intake was associated with 3%, 6%, and 25% lower risks of overall, pancreatic, and colon cancers, respectively. In terms of cancer mortality, we found 13%, 18%, and 8% risk reductions with higher intakes of total nuts, tree nuts, and peanuts, respectively. In addition, a 5-g/d increase in total nut intake was associated with a 4% lower risk of cancer mortality. In conclusion, our findings support the protective association between total nut and tree nut intake and the risk of cancer and its mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sina Naghshi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sadeghian
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Morteza Nasiri
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Operating Room Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Mobarak
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Colombet Z, Allès B, Perignon M, Landais E, Martin-Prevel Y, Amiot MJ, Darmon N, Méjean C. Caribbean nutrition transition: what can we learn from dietary patterns in the French West Indies? Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:1111-1124. [PMID: 32623498 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02317-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the urgency regarding increasing rates of obesity and chronic diseases in the Caribbean, few studies described the nutrition transition. We aimed to provide such information by identifying dietary patterns in the French West Indies and their characteristics. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis included 1144 Guadeloupeans and Martinicans from a multistage sampling survey conducted on a representative sample. Dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis followed by a clustering procedure, and described using multivariable regression models. RESULTS Four patterns were identified: (i) a "prudent" pattern characterized by high intakes of fruits, vegetables, legumes, seafood and yogurts, low intakes of fatty and sweet products, and a high Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I); (ii) a "traditional" pattern characterized by high intakes of fruits, vegetables, tubers and fish, low intakes of red and processed meat, snacks, fast foods, and sweetened beverages, with a high DQI-I, mostly shaped by women and older persons; (iii) a "convenient" pattern characterized by high intakes of sweetened beverages, snacks, and fast foods, with the lowest DQI-I, principally shaped by young participants; (iv) a "transitioning" pattern characterized by high consumptions of bread, processed meat, sauces, alcoholic and sweetened beverages, but also high intakes of tubers, legumes, and fish, mainly shaped by men, middle aged, of whom 35% had metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION The co-existing dietary patterns in the French West Indies, marked by a generational contrast, seem to reflect different steps in dietary change as described in the literature, suggesting an ongoing nutrition transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoé Colombet
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, UMR 1110 MOISA, 2 place Pierre Viala, 34000, Montpellier, France.
| | - Benjamin Allès
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRA, 93017, Bobigny, Cnam, France.,Université Paris 13, CRESS, INSERM, INRA, 93017, Bobigny, Cnam, France
| | - Marlène Perignon
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, UMR 1110 MOISA, 2 place Pierre Viala, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Edwige Landais
- Nutripass, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Martin-Prevel
- Nutripass, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Josèphe Amiot
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, UMR 1110 MOISA, 2 place Pierre Viala, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicole Darmon
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, UMR 1110 MOISA, 2 place Pierre Viala, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Méjean
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, UMR 1110 MOISA, 2 place Pierre Viala, 34000, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Trudeau K, Rousseau MC, Barul C, Csizmadi I, Parent MÉ. Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Risk of Prostate Cancer in a Population-Based Case-Control Study in Montreal, Canada. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1907. [PMID: 32605059 PMCID: PMC7399998 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the association between dietary patterns and prostate cancer (PCa) risk in a population-based case-control study conducted in Montreal, Canada (2005-2012). Cases (n = 1919) were histologically confirmed, aged ≤75 years. Concomitantly, controls (n = 1991) were randomly selected from the electoral list and frequency-matched to cases by age (±5 years). During face-to-face interviews, a 63-item food frequency questionnaire focusing on the two years before diagnosis/interview was administered. Three dietary patterns were identified from principal component analysis. Unconditional logistic regression estimated the association between dietary patterns and PCa, adjusting for age, ethnicity, education, family history, and timing of last PCa screening. When comparing scores in the highest vs. lowest quartiles, the Healthy Eating pattern was associated with a decreased risk of overall PCa (Odds ratio (OR) = 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.61, 0.93); this association was stronger for high-grade cancers (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.48, 0.89). By contrast, the Western Sweet and Beverages pattern was associated with an elevated risk of overall PCa (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.10, 1.66). The Western Salty and Alcohol pattern was not associated with PCa risk. These findings suggest that some dietary patterns influence PCa development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Trudeau
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Quebec, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (K.T.); (M.-C.R.); (C.B.)
- School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Rousseau
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Quebec, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (K.T.); (M.-C.R.); (C.B.)
- School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Christine Barul
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Quebec, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (K.T.); (M.-C.R.); (C.B.)
| | - Ilona Csizmadi
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Marie-Élise Parent
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Quebec, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (K.T.); (M.-C.R.); (C.B.)
- School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
McMahon DM, Burch JB, Hébert JR, Hardin JW, Zhang J, Wirth MD, Youngstedt SD, Shivappa N, Jacobsen SJ, Caan B, Van Den Eeden SK. Diet-related inflammation and risk of prostate cancer in the California Men's Health Study. Ann Epidemiol 2019; 29:30-38. [PMID: 30503073 PMCID: PMC6388401 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between proinflammatory diet and prostate cancer risk. METHODS Energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) scores were computed among 40,161 participants in the California Men's Health Study. Over 9.7 ± 3.8 years of follow-up, 2707 incident prostate cancer cases were diagnosed and categorized as low-, intermediate-, or high-risk, based on disease grade and stage. Accelerated failure-time models assessed time to diagnosis of prostate cancer. Cox proportional hazard models estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Nonlinear effects of E-DII were modeled as third-order polynomials. RESULTS Time to prostate cancer diagnosis did not differ by E-DII quartile. The HR for high-risk prostate cancer increased in the third E-DII quartile (HRQ3 vs. Q1 = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.04-1.76), but not in the fourth (HRQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.74-1.32, Ptrend = .74), suggesting a nonlinear dose-response. HR curves for prostate cancer increased exponentially above an E-DII threshold of ≈+3.0. HR curves for high-risk prostate cancer had a much steeper incline above an E-DII threshold of ≈+2.5. Curves were higher among Blacks and Whites relative to other races and among overweight or obese men. No relationship was observed between E-DII scores and intermediate- or low-risk disease. CONCLUSIONS Relationships between proinflammatory diet and prostate cancer risk may be nonlinear, with an increased risk above an E-DII threshold of ≈+2.5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria M McMahon
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia
| | - James B Burch
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia; WJB Dorn Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC
| | - James R Hébert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia; Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC.
| | - James W Hardin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia
| | - Michael D Wirth
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia; Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - Shawn D Youngstedt
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix; Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia; Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - Steven J Jacobsen
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena
| | - Bette Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Association between inflammatory potential of diet and risk of lung cancer among smokers in a prospective study in Singapore. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:2755-2766. [PMID: 30255403 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1825-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet and inflammation have been suggested to be important risk factors for lung cancer. We examined the ability of the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) to predict lung cancer in the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS). The DII is a diet quality index based on the literature linking foods and nutrients with inflammatory biomarkers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using data from the SCHS for 60,232 participants, including 1851 lung cancer cases, we investigated the associations of baseline DII scores calculated from a food frequency questionnaire with risk of developing lung cancer over an average of 17.6 years of follow-up. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using Cox regression, adjusting for smoking status and other risk factors. RESULTS After excluding cancers diagnosed in the first 2 years of follow-up, the DII was non-significantly associated with risk of lung cancer (HRQ5vsQ1 = 1.13; 95% CI 0.94-1.35; P-trend = 0.24) after adjusting for age, dialect group, sex, interview year, education, body mass index, total calorie intake, physical activity and various smoking variables. In stratified analysis, stronger, statistically significant associations were evident in current smokers (HR 1.44; 95% CI 1.11-1.86; Ptrend = 0.03, P for interaction = 0.003) and in male ever-smokers (HRQ5vsQ1 = 1.37; 95% CI 1.07-1.77; P-trend = 0.03). CONCLUSION A pro-inflammatory diet, as shown by higher DII scores, is associated with an elevated risk of lung cancer for subjects with a history of smoking. Public health measures should be adopted to promote consumption of a healthy, anti-inflammatory diet to reduce the risk of lung cancer, especially in current and former smokers.
Collapse
|
11
|
Jalilpiran Y, Dianatinasab M, Zeighami S, Bahmanpour S, Ghiasvand R, Mohajeri SAR, Faghih S. Western Dietary Pattern, But not Mediterranean Dietary Pattern, Increases the Risk of Prostate Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:851-859. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1490779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Jalilpiran
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Dianatinasab
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Shahryar Zeighami
- Department of Urology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Salmeh Bahmanpour
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Ghiasvand
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Seyed Amir Reza Mohajeri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Schneider L, Su LJ, Arab L, Bensen JT, Farnan L, Fontham ETH, Song L, Hussey J, Merchant AT, Mohler JL, Steck SE. Dietary patterns based on the Mediterranean diet and DASH diet are inversely associated with high aggressive prostate cancer in PCaP. Ann Epidemiol 2018; 29:16-22.e1. [PMID: 30268488 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several foods and nutrients have been linked to the development of prostate cancer, but the association between healthy dietary patterns and prostate cancer aggressiveness is less studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet scores and prostate cancer aggressiveness by race. METHODS Data from the population-based, case-only North Carolina-Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP) were used to examine the association between diet quality, measured by MED and DASH scores, and prostate cancer aggressiveness in 1899 African American (AA) and European American (EA) research subjects. Dietary intake was assessed using a modified National Cancer Institute Diet History Questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for high versus low-intermediate aggressive prostate cancer. RESULTS Higher MED scores were inversely associated with high aggressive prostate cancer overall (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.95 for high versus low scores); results were similar for AA and EA men. A weaker inverse association between DASH scores and prostate cancer aggressiveness was found (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.55, 1.06). CONCLUSIONS Higher diet quality, as represented by a Mediterranean-style diet or DASH diet, may reduce the odds of high aggressive prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Schneider
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - L Joseph Su
- Winthrop P Rockefeller Cancer Institute and College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Lenore Arab
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jeannette T Bensen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Laura Farnan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Elizabeth T H Fontham
- School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Lixin Song
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - James Hussey
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Anwar T Merchant
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - James L Mohler
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY; Department of Urology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Susan E Steck
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shivappa N, Niclis C, Coquet JB, Román MD, Hébert JR, Diaz MDP. Increased inflammatory potential of diet is associated with increased odds of prostate cancer in Argentinian men. Cancer Causes Control 2018; 29:803-813. [PMID: 30019102 PMCID: PMC6108929 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-018-1056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Various aspects of diet, including specific food items and nutrients, have been shown to modulate inflammation and have been implicated in the etiology of prostate cancer (PrCA). No study examining the role of diet-associated inflammation in PrCA has been conducted in Latin America. METHOD We examined the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and PrCA in a population-based case-control study in Córdoba, Argentina. A total of 153 incident cases of PrCA and 309 controls frequency matched on sex, age (± 5 years), and place of residence were recruited from 2008 to 2015. The DII was developed to determine the inflammatory potential of individuals' diets and was computed from a validated food frequency questionnaire using nutrient data from diet only. Multi-level logistic regression models were fit to evaluate the association between DII scores and PrCA, adjusting for age, body mass index, energy intake, and occupational exposure as first-level covariates and family history of prostate cancer as the second-level variable. Odds ratios were estimated in all subject and stratified by BMI (< 30 vs. ≥ 30 kg/m2). RESULTS Men in the most pro-inflammatory group (tertile 3) had 50% higher odds of having PrCA compared to men in the most anti-inflammatory group (tertile 1) (ORtertile3 vs. tertile1 1.50; 95% CI 1.24-1.80). The odds of prostate cancer were higher in obese men (n = 109, ORtertile3 vs. tertile1 1.81; 95% CI 1.45-2.27), while no association was found among non-obese men (n = 375, ORtertile3 vs. tertile1 0.93; 95% CI 0.25-3.51). CONCLUSIONS A pro-inflammatory diet, reflected by higher DII scores, was positively associated with PrCA occurrence. Based on these results and those from other studies, steps should be taken to promote a diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods, in order to reduce risk of PrCA and other chronic diseases. Future studies should explore this association in a prospective setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA.
| | - Camila Niclis
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Haya de la Torre Esq. Enfermera Gordillo, 5016, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
- Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Enrique Barros s/n, 5016, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Julia Becaria Coquet
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Haya de la Torre Esq. Enfermera Gordillo, 5016, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
- Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Enrique Barros s/n, 5016, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María D Román
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Haya de la Torre Esq. Enfermera Gordillo, 5016, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
- Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Enrique Barros s/n, 5016, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
| | - María Del Pilar Diaz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Haya de la Torre Esq. Enfermera Gordillo, 5016, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
- Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Enrique Barros s/n, 5016, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Layne TM, Graubard BI, Ma X, Mayne ST, Albanes D. Prostate cancer risk factors in black and white men in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2018; 22:91-100. [PMID: 30108373 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-018-0070-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few prospective studies comparing race-specific associations between diet, nutrients, and health-related parameters, and prostate cancer risk. METHODS Race-specific prostate cancer risk associations were examined among men in the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP Diet and Health Study. We identified 1417 cases among black men (209 advanced), and 28,845 among white men (3898 advanced). Cox proportional hazards regression models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also evaluated the cumulative change in the HR for black race following adjustment for each factor. RESULTS Race-specific prostate cancer associations were similar in black and white men across disease subtypes only for history of diabetes (overall : HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65-0.90 and HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.69-0.76, respectively; Pinteraction = 0.66). By contrast, there was a positive risk association with height for white men and inverse for black men (Pinteraction: non-advanced = 0.01; advanced = 0.04). This difference remained among men with at least 2 years of follow-up for non-advanced (Pinteraction = 0.01), but not advanced disease (Pinteraction = 0.24); or after adjustment for prostate cancer screening (non-advanced Pinteraction = 0.53, advanced Pinteraction = 0.31). The only other evidence of interaction with race was observed for dietary vitamin D intake and non-advanced disease, but only after adjustment for screening (Pinteraction = 0.02). Cumulative adjustment for each factor increased the HR for black race by 32.9% for overall cancer and 12.4% for advanced disease. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest few of the dietary, nutrient, and health-related factors associated with prostate cancer risk in predominantly non-Hispanic white men were associated with risk in black men, and adjustment for these factors widen the black-white difference in risk. Larger studies of black men, particularly with prospective data, are needed to help identify risk factors relevant to this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy M Layne
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Barry I Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.,Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Susan T Mayne
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Brown CR, Hambleton I, Hercules SM, Unwin N, Murphy MM, Nigel Harris E, Wilks R, MacLeish M, Sullivan L, Sobers-Grannum N. Social determinants of prostate cancer in the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:900. [PMID: 30029628 PMCID: PMC6053791 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5696-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths among Caribbean men. However, little data exists on the influence of social factors on prostate cancer in the Caribbean setting. This article supports the 2011 Rio Political Declaration on addressing health inequalities by presenting a systematic review of evidence on the role of social determinants on prostate cancer in Caribbean men. It aims to determine the distribution, by known social determinants of health, of the frequency and adverse outcomes of prostate cancer among Caribbean populations. METHODS Observational studies reporting an association between a social determinant and prostate cancer frequency and outcomes were sought in MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciELO, CINAHL, CUMED, LILACS, and IBECS databases. Fourteen social determinants and 7 prostate cancer endpoints were chosen, providing 98 possible relationship groups exploring the role of social determinants on prostate cancer. Observational studies with > 50 participants conducted in Caribbean territories between 2004 and 2016 were eligible. The review was conducted according to STROBE and PRISMA guidelines. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed. RESULTS From 843 potentially relevant citations, 13 articles from 9 studies were included. From these included studies, 24 relationships were reported looking at 11 distinct relationship groups, leaving 90 relationship groups (92% of all relationship groups) unexplored. Study heterogeneity and risk of bias restricted results to a narrative synthesis in most instances. Meta-analyses showed more diagnosed prostate cancer among men with less formal education (n = 2 studies, OR 1.60, 95%CI 1.18-2.19) and among men who were married (n = 3 studies, OR 1.54, 95%CI 1.22-1.95). CONCLUSIONS This review highlights limited evidence for a higher occurrence of diagnosed prostate cancer among Caribbean men with lower levels of education and among men who are married. The role of social determinants on prostate cancer among Caribbean men remains poorly understood. Improvements in study quantity and quality, and reduced variability in outcomes and reporting are needed. This report represents the current evidence, and provides a roadmap to future research priorities for a better understanding of Caribbean prostate cancer inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine R. Brown
- George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Ian Hambleton
- George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Shawn M. Hercules
- George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Nigel Unwin
- George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - Madhuvanti M. Murphy
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fan LL, Su HX, Gu XJ, Chen YH, Nan CJ. Carbohydrate intake and the risk of prostate cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 484:60-71. [PMID: 29778541 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading cause cancer among men worldwide. Many epidemiologic studies have reported an association between carbohydrate intake and PCa. However, the evidence from epidemiologic studies is inconsistent. We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to explore the associations between carbohydrate intake and PCa risk and to investigate potential dose-response relationships. METHODS We searched PubMed and EMBASE for studies published from 1980 to 2018. 21 studies were included with 98,739 participants and 11,573 cases. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were pooled using random-effect models. Potential dose-response relationships were evaluated for PCa risk. RESULTS We did not detect an association about higher carbohydrate intake and PCa risk (OR:1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98-1. 26, I2 = 62.7%), nor association was detected about higher carbohydrate intake with advanced PCa risk (OR:0.95, 95% CI: 0.78-1.16, I2 = 14.1%) or non-advanced Pca risk (OR:1.01, 95% CI: 0.79-1.29, I2 = 64.4%). There was not a significant dose-response association observed for carbohydrate intake with PCa risk and advanced PCa risk. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis shows no association between carbohydrate intake and prostate cancer risk. Nor is association detected about carbohydrate intake with advanced or non-advanced Pca risk. More studies are needed for a further dose-response meta-analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lai Lai Fan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Hong Xia Su
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xi Jie Gu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Ying He Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China.
| | - Cun Jin Nan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dietary patterns and prostate cancer risk in Japanese: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study). Cancer Causes Control 2018; 29:589-600. [PMID: 29671180 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-018-1030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The development of prostate cancer may be impacted by environmental factors, including diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer in a large prospective cohort study among Japanese men. METHODS A total of 43,469 men who participated in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study were followed from 1995 to 1998 to the end of 2012, during which 1,156 cases of prostate cancer were newly identified. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire in the 5-year follow-up survey. RESULTS Three major dietary patterns were derived using exploratory factors analysis: prudent, westernized, and traditional dietary patterns. The westernized dietary pattern was associated with a higher risk of total prostate cancer (HR: 1.22; 95% CI 1.00-1.49; p trend = 0.021), localized cancer (HR: 1.24; 95% CI 0.97-1.57; p trend = 0.045), and advanced cancer (HR: 1.23; 95% CI 0.82-1.84; p trend = 0.233). The prudent dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of total and localized prostate cancer, with respective multivariable HRs for the highest and lowest quintiles of 0.71 (95% CI 0.50-1.02; p trend = 0.037) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.38-1.03; p trend = 0.048) among subjects detected by subjective symptoms. No association was found between the traditional dietary pattern and prostate cancer risk among our subjects. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that a western-style diet may lead to a higher risk of prostate cancer in the total population, whereas the prudent diet contributes to a lower risk among subjects detected by subjective symptoms.
Collapse
|
18
|
Bagheri A, Nachvak SM, Rezaei M, Moravridzade M, Moradi M, Nelson M. Dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer: a factor analysis study in a sample of Iranian men. Health Promot Perspect 2018; 8:133-138. [PMID: 29744309 PMCID: PMC5935817 DOI: 10.15171/hpp.2018.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer with a high mortality rate. The current study was conducted to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and prostate cancer risk among Iranian men. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Kermanshah province in western Iran in November 2016. Fifty patients with prostate cancer were selected as cases and 150 healthy men matched for age and body mass index (BMI) were selected as controls. Dietary intake data were collected by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Food items were grouped according to the similarity of nutrient profiles. The main dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, a healthy dietary pattern was associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer (highest versus lowest tertile OR:0.24; 95% CI: 0.07-0.81;trend p: 0.025). An unhealthy dietary pattern was related to increased risk of prostate cancer(highest versus lowest tertile OR:3.4; 95% CI: 1.09-10.32; trend p: 0.037). Conclusion: This study shows that an unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. However, a healthy dietary pattern was associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Bagheri
- Nutritional Science Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Nachvak
- Nutritional Science Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mansour Rezaei
- Department of Biostatistics, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Moravridzade
- Nutritional Science Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahmoudreza Moradi
- Department of Urology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Michael Nelson
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Grosso G, Bella F, Godos J, Sciacca S, Del Rio D, Ray S, Galvano F, Giovannucci EL. Possible role of diet in cancer: systematic review and multiple meta-analyses of dietary patterns, lifestyle factors, and cancer risk. Nutr Rev 2018; 75:405-419. [PMID: 28969358 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nux012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Evidence of an association between dietary patterns derived a posteriori and risk of cancer has not been reviewed comprehensively. Objective The aim of this review was to investigate the relation between a posteriori-derived dietary patterns, grouped as healthy or unhealthy, and cancer risk. The relation between cancer risk and background characteristics associated with adherence to dietary patterns was also examined. Data Sources PubMed and Embase electronic databases were searched. Study Selection A total of 93 studies including over 85 000 cases, 100 000 controls, and 2 000 000 exposed individuals were selected. Data Extraction Data were extracted from each identified study using a standardized form by two independent authors. Results The most convincing evidence (significant results from prospective cohort studies) supported an association between healthy dietary patterns and decreased risk of colon and breast cancer, especially in postmenopausal, hormone receptor-negative women, and an association between unhealthy dietary patterns and increased risk of colon cancer. Limited evidence of a relation between an unhealthy dietary pattern and risk of upper aerodigestive tract, pancreatic, ovarian, endometrial, and prostatic cancers relied only on case-control studies. Unhealthy dietary patterns were associated with higher body mass index and energy intake, while healthy patterns were associated with higher education, physical activity, and less smoking. Potential differences across geographical regions require further evaluation. Conclusions The results suggest a potential role of diet in certain cancers, but the evidence is not conclusive and may be driven or mediated by lifestyle factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grosso
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Bella
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Justyna Godos
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacca
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sumantra Ray
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shivappa N, R Hébert J, Jalilpiran Y, Faghih S. Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Prostate
Cancer in Shiraz Province of Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:415-420. [PMID: 29479991 PMCID: PMC5980928 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.2.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dietary components like food items and nutrients have been implicated to play a role in modulating
inflammation and the development of prostate cancer. Studies examining this association have not been extensively
explored in Middle Eastern Countries. Material and Methods: We examined the association between the dietary
inflammatory index (DIITM) and prostate cancer in the Shiraz province of Iran. A total of 60 incident cases and 60
controls attending the same hospital as the cases were recruited. The energy adjusted DII (E-DIITM) was computed
based on dietary intake assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Logistic regression was used
to estimate odds ratios. Results: Men with higher E-DII (>0.96) were at higher risk of prostate cancer (OR = 2.55;
95% CI =1.04–6.23) compared to men with E-DII ≤0.96. Conclusion: These data suggest a pro-inflammatory diet, as
indicated by increasing DII score, may be a risk factor for prostate cancer in Iranian men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208,USA.,Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Castelló A, Boldo E, Amiano P, Castaño-Vinyals G, Aragonés N, Gómez-Acebo I, Peiró R, Jimenez-Moleón JJ, Alguacil J, Tardón A, Cecchini L, Lope V, Dierssen-Sotos T, Mengual L, Kogevinas M, Pollán M, Pérez-Gómez B. Mediterranean Dietary Pattern is Associated with Low Risk of Aggressive Prostate Cancer: MCC-Spain Study. J Urol 2017; 199:430-437. [PMID: 28842246 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We explored the association of the previously described Western, prudent and Mediterranean dietary patterns with prostate cancer risk by tumor aggressiveness and extension. MATERIALS AND METHODS MCC-Spain (Multicase-Control Study on Common Tumors in Spain) is a population based, multicase-control study that was done in 7 Spanish provinces between September 2008 and December 2013. It collected anthropometric, epidemiological and dietary information on 754 histologically confirmed incident cases of prostate cancer and 1,277 controls 38 to 85 years old. Three previously identified dietary patterns, including Western, prudent and Mediterranean, were reconstructed using MCC-Spain data. The association of each pattern with prostate cancer risk was assessed by logistic regression models with random, province specific intercepts. Risk according to tumor aggressiveness (Gleason score 6 vs greater than 6) and extension (cT1-cT2a vs cT2b-cT4) was evaluated by multinomial regression models. RESULTS High adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern rich not only in fruits and vegetables but also in fish, legumes and olive oil was specifically associated with a lower risk of Gleason score greater than 6 prostate cancer (quartile 3 vs 1 relative RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46-0.96 and quartile 4 vs 1 relative RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.46-1.01, p-trend = 0.023) or with higher clinical stage (cT2b-T4 quartile 4 vs 1 relative RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25-0.96, p-trend = 0.024). This association was not observed with the prudent pattern, which combines vegetables and fruits with low fat dairy products, whole grains and juices. The Western pattern did not show any association with prostate cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional recommendations for prostate cancer prevention should consider whole dietary patterns instead of individual foods. We found important differences between the Mediterranean dietary pattern, which was associated with a lower risk of aggressive prostate cancer, and Western and prudent dietary patterns, which had no relationship with prostate cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adela Castelló
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Boldo
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Health Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, Spain; Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rosana Peiró
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana FISABIO-Salud Pública, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Juan Jimenez-Moleón
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada and Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Alguacil
- Centro de Investigación en Salud y Medio Ambiente. Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Virginia Lope
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lourdes Mengual
- Laboratory and Department of Urology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, Spain; Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Anderson B, Marshall-Lucette S. Prostate cancer among Jamaican men: exploring the evidence for higher risk. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 2016; 25:1046-1051. [PMID: 27792445 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2016.25.19.1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Historically, black men of African descent have been disproportionately affected by prostate cancer compared with Caucasian men. African-Caribbean men are generally at higher risk of prostate cancer, with Jamaican men noted to have the highest incidence in the world. No robust evidence exists for the increased incidence among Jamaican men, or indeed, a clear explanation for the reasons these men are at a greater risk of developing the disease in comparison with other African-Caribbean men. METHODS AND FINDINGS A literature review was undertaken. The findings indicated that black men of African descent, specifically Jamaican men, are at greater risk of prostate cancer and this finding applies to Africa, the Caribbean, the UK and USA. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence for the higher incidence of prostate cancer among Jamaican men remains inconclusive and does not provide a clear explanation for its prevalence. More comparative studies are required to identify any predisposing factors responsible for this anomaly, worldwide. The involvement of health professionals in these research undertakings is important to obtaining insight into prostate cancer and in devising strategies to improve management and health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beverley Anderson
- Macmillan Uro-Oncology Clinical Nurse Specialist, Epsom and St Helier NHS Trust
| | - Sylvie Marshall-Lucette
- Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, St George's, University of London
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Fabiani R, Minelli L, Bertarelli G, Bacci S. A Western Dietary Pattern Increases Prostate Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8100626. [PMID: 27754328 PMCID: PMC5084014 DOI: 10.3390/nu8100626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns were recently applied to examine the relationship between eating habits and prostate cancer (PC) risk. While the associations between PC risk with the glycemic index and Mediterranean score have been reviewed, no meta-analysis is currently available on dietary patterns defined by “a posteriori” methods. A literature search was carried out (PubMed, Web of Science) to identify studies reporting the relationship between dietary patterns and PC risk. Relevant dietary patterns were selected and the risks estimated were calculated by a random-effect model. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs), for a first-percentile increase in dietary pattern score, were combined by a dose-response meta-analysis. Twelve observational studies were included in the meta-analysis which identified a “Healthy pattern” and a “Western pattern”. The Healthy pattern was not related to PC risk (OR = 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88–1.04) while the Western pattern significantly increased it (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.08–1.65). In addition, the “Carbohydrate pattern”, which was analyzed in four articles, was positively associated with a higher PC risk (OR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.35–2.00). A significant linear trend between the Western (p = 0.011) pattern, the Carbohydrate (p = 0.005) pattern, and the increment of PC risk was observed. The small number of studies included in the meta-analysis suggests that further investigation is necessary to support these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Fabiani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| | - Liliana Minelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| | - Gaia Bertarelli
- Department of Economics, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| | - Silvia Bacci
- Department of Economics, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wu L, Wang Z, Zhu J, Murad AL, Prokop LJ, Murad MH. Nut consumption and risk of cancer and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2016; 73:409-25. [PMID: 26081452 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The identification of foods that can decrease the risk of cancer and type 2 diabetes may be helpful in reducing the burden of these diseases. Although nut consumption has been suggested to have a disease-preventive role, current evidence remains inconsistent. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to clarify the association between nut consumption and risk of cancer or type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES Six databases were searched for relevant studies from the time of database inception to August 2014. Reference lists of relevant review articles were hand searched, and authors were contacted when data were insufficient. STUDY SELECTION Eligible studies included epidemiological studies (case-control and cohort) or clinical trials that reported an association between nut consumption and the outcome of type 2 diabetes or specific cancers. DATA EXTRACTION Two investigators independently extracted descriptive, quality, and risk data from included studies. DATA SYNTHESIS Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool relative risks from the included studies. The I(2) statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. A total of 36 eligible observational studies, which included 30,708 patients, were identified. The studies had fair methodological quality, and length of follow-up ranged between 4.6 years and 30 years. Comparison of the highest category of nut consumption with the lowest category revealed significant associations between nut consumption and decreased risk of colorectal cancer (3 studies each with separate estimates for males and females, RR 0.76, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.61-0.96), endometrial cancer (2 studies, RR 0.58, 95%CI 0.43-0.79), and pancreatic cancer (1 study, RR 0.68, 95%CI 0.48-0.96). No significant association was found with other cancers or type 2 diabetes. Overall, nut consumption was significantly associated with a reduced risk of cancer incidence (RR 0.85, 95%CI 0.76-0.95). CONCLUSIONS Nut consumption may play a role in reducing cancer risk. Additional studies are needed to more accurately assess the relationship between nut consumption and the prevention of individual types of cancer, given the scarcity of available data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lang Wu
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Zhen Wang
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Angela L Murad
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Larry J Prokop
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mohammad H Murad
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Epstein MM, Chang ET, Zhang Y, Fung TT, Batista JL, Ambinder RF, Zheng T, Mueller NE, Birmann BM. Dietary pattern and risk of hodgkin lymphoma in a population-based case-control study. Am J Epidemiol 2015; 182:405-16. [PMID: 26182945 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwv072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) has few known modifiable risk factors, and the relationship between diet and cHL risk is unclear. We performed the first investigation of an association between dietary pattern and cHL risk in 435 cHL cases and 563 population-based controls from Massachusetts and Connecticut (1997-2000) who completed baseline diet questionnaires. We identified 4 major dietary patterns ("vegetable," "high meat," "fruit/low-fat dairy," "desserts/sweets") using principal components analysis. We computed multivariable odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for associations of dietary pattern score (quartiles) with younger-adult (age <50 years), older-adult (age ≥50 years), and overall cHL risk. Secondary analyses examined associations by histological subtype and tumor Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status. A diet high in desserts/sweets was associated with younger-adult (odds ratio(quartile 4 vs. quartile 1) = 1.60, 95% confidence interval: 1.05, 2.45; Ptrend = 0.008) and EBV-negative, younger-adult (odds ratio = 2.11, 95% confidence interval: 1.31, 3.41; Ptrend = 0.007) cHL risk. A high meat diet was associated with older-adult (odds ratio = 3.34, 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 10.91; Ptrend = 0.04) and EBV-negative, older-adult (odds ratio = 4.64, 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 20.86; Ptrend = 0.04) cHL risk. Other dietary patterns were not clearly associated with cHL. We report the first evidence for a role of dietary pattern in cHL etiology. Diets featuring high intake of meat or desserts and sweets may increase cHL risk.
Collapse
|
26
|
Shivappa N, Jackson MD, Bennett F, Hébert JR. Increased Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) Is Associated With Increased Risk of Prostate Cancer in Jamaican Men. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:941-8. [PMID: 26226289 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1062117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common nonskin malignancy, and it accounts for the most cancer deaths among Jamaican males. Diet has been implicated in the etiology of prostate cancer, including through its effects on inflammation. We examined the association between a newly developed dietary inflammatory index (DII) and prostate cancer in a case-control study of 40-80 yr old Jamaican males. A total of 229 incident cases and 250 controls attended the same urology out-patient clinics at 2 major hospitals and private practitioners in the Kingston, Jamaica metropolitan area between March 2005 and July 2007. The DII was computed based on dietary intake assessed using a previously validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that was expanded to assess diet and cancer in this Jamaican population. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios, with DII as continuous and expressed as quartiles. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, total energy intake, education, body mass index, smoking status, physical activity, and family history of prostate cancer. Men in the highest quartile of the DII were at higher risk of prostate cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 2.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.14-5.04; P(trend) = 0.08] compared to men in the lowest DII quartile. These data suggest a proinflammatory diet, as indicated by increasing DII score, may be a risk factor for prostate cancer in Jamaican men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Shivappa
- a Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina , Columbia , South Carolina , USA and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia , South Carolina , USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Carbohydrate intake has been inconsistently associated with risk of prostate cancer. We review and quantitatively summarize the evidence from observational studies in a meta-analysis. We searched the PubMed database for observational studies related to the association of carbohydrate intake and prostate cancer risk up to December 25, 2013. Summary relative risks (RRs) were estimated by the use of a random effects model. We included 13 case-control studies with 4,367 cases and 6,205 controls, and 5 cohort studies with 3,679 cases and 74,115 participants in this meta-analysis. The summary RR of prostate cancer for the highest vs. the lowest carbohydrate intake was 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93-1.20, I(2) = 46.8%] for all included studies. In the subgroup analyses stratified by study design, the summary RRs for the highest vs. the lowest carbohydrate intake were 1.04 (95% CI: 0.87-1.23) for case-control studies and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.88-1.28) for cohort studies. For the 5 studies that reported results for advanced prostate cancer, the summary RR was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.71-1.20). This meta-analysis of observational studies indicates that there is no association between carbohydrate intake and prostate cancer risk. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhai
- a Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics , Qingdao University Medical College , Qingdao , China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Simple sugar intake and hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiological and mechanistic insight. Nutrients 2014; 6:5933-54. [PMID: 25533006 PMCID: PMC4277008 DOI: 10.3390/nu6125933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar intake has dramatically increased during the last few decades. Specifically, there has been a clear trend towards higher consumption of fructose and high fructose corn syrup, which are the most common added sugars in processed food, soft drinks and other sweetened beverages. Although still controversial, this rising trend in simple sugar consumption has been positively associated with weight gain and obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Interestingly, all of these metabolic alterations have also been related to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The purpose of this review is to discuss the evidence coming from epidemiological studies and data from animal models relating the consumption of simple sugars, and specifically fructose, with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and to gain insight into the putative molecular mechanisms involved.
Collapse
|
29
|
Delibasi T, Cakir E. Is refined carbohydrate consumption related to allergic diseases? Nutrition 2014; 30:401-2. [PMID: 24607299 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to refined carbohydrates has been found to be associated with disorders such as increased blood pressure, retinopathy, adipose tissue inflammation, glucose intolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, poor metabolic profile, esophageal adenocarcinoma, and small intestine, prostate, pleural, and pancreatic cancers. Additionally, recent studies have demonstrated that ingestion of refined carbohydrates is related to secretion of cytokines and chemokines. However, to our knowledge, there is still no data on the relationship between refined carbohydrate consumption and allergic disorders ranging from bronchopulmonary to skin diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to evaluate whether consumption of refined carbohydrates plays a role in allergic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuncay Delibasi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey and Diskapi Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Evrim Cakir
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Amasya Sabuncuoglu Serefettin University Training and Research Hospital, Amasya, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|