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Shan X, Rathore S, Kniffen D, Gao L, Nitin, Letef CL, Shi H, Ghosh S, Zandberg W, Xia L, Bergstrom KS. Ablation of Intestinal Epithelial Sialylation Predisposes to Acute and Chronic Intestinal Inflammation in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:101378. [PMID: 38992465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.101378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Addition of sialic acids (sialylation) to glycoconjugates is a common capping step of glycosylation. Our study aims to determine the roles of the overall sialylation in intestinal mucosal homeostasis. METHODS Mice with constitutive deletion of intestinal epithelial sialylation (IEC Slc35a1-/- mice) and mice with inducible deletion of sialylation in intestinal epithelium (TM-IEC Slc35a1-/- mice) were generated, which were used to determine the roles of overall sialylation in intestinal mucosal homeostasis by ex vivo and mutiomics studies. RESULTS IEC Slc35a1-/- mice developed mild spontaneous microbiota-dependent colitis. Additionally, 30% of IEC Slc35a1-/- mice had spontaneous tumors in the rectum greater than the age of 12 months. TM-IEC Slc35a1-/- mice were highly susceptible to acute inflammation induced by 1% dextran sulfate sodium versus control animals. Loss of total sialylation was associated with reduced mucus thickness on fecal sections and within colon tissues. TM-IEC Slc35a1-/- mice showed altered microbiota with an increase in Clostridia disporicum, which is associated a global reduction in the abundance of at least 20 unique taxa; however, metabolomic analysis did not show any significant differences in short-chain fatty acid levels. Treatment with 5-fluorouracil led to more severe small intestine mucositis in the IEC Slc35a1-/- mice versus wild-type littermates, which was associated with reduced Lgr5+ cell representation in small intestinal crypts in IEC Slc35a1-/-;Lgr5-GFP mice. CONCLUSIONS Loss of overall sialylation impairs mucus stability and the stem cell niche leading to microbiota-dependent spontaneous colitis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindi Shan
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Shipra Rathore
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Darrek Kniffen
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Liang Gao
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Nitin
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Clara L Letef
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Huiping Shi
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Sanjoy Ghosh
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wesley Zandberg
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lijun Xia
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
| | - Kirk S Bergstrom
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.
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Vital KD, Pires LO, Gallotti B, Silva JL, Lima de Jesus LC, Alvarez-Leite JI, Ferreira Ê, de Carvalho Azevedo VA, Santos Martins F, Nascimento Cardoso V, Antunes Fernandes SO. Atorvastatin attenuates intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil in mice by modulating the epithelial barrier and inflammatory response. J Chemother 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38711347 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2024.2345027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis is a major side effect of cancer treatment. Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme reductase inhibitors used to treat hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that atorvastatin (ATV) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and resulting from the regulation of different molecular pathways. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ATV on intestinal homeostasis in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced mucositis. Our results showed that ATV protected the intestinal mucosa from epithelial damage caused by 5-FU mainly due to inflammatory infiltrate and intestinal permeability reduction, downregulation of inflammatory markers, such as Tlr4, MyD88, NF-κB, Tnf-a, Il1β, and Il6 dose-dependent. ATV also improved epithelial barrier function by upregulating the mRNA transcript levels of mucin 2 (MUC2), and ZO-1 and occludin tight junction proteins. The results suggest that the ATV anti-inflammatory and protective effects on 5-FU-induced mice mucositis involve the inhibition of the TLR4/MYD88/NPRL3/NF-κB, iNos, and caspase 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kátia Duarte Vital
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Octavio Pires
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gallotti
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Janayne Luihan Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luís Cláudio Lima de Jesus
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Ênio Ferreira
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Santos Martins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Simone Odília Antunes Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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3
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Kuo YR, Lin CH, Lin WS, Pan MH. L-Glutamine Substantially Improves 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Maintaining the Integrity of the Gut Barrier in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300704. [PMID: 38656560 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE This study investigates the potential of glutamine to mitigate intestinal mucositis and dysbiosis caused by the chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). METHODS AND RESULTS Over twelve days, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice are given low (0.5 mg kg-1) or high (2 mg kg-1) doses of L-Glutamine daily, with 5-FU (50 mg kg-1) administered between days six and nine. Mice receiving only 5-FU exhibited weight loss, diarrhea, abnormal cell growth, and colonic inflammation, correlated with decreased mucin proteins, increased endotoxins, reduced fecal short-chain fatty acids, and altered gut microbiota. Glutamine supplementation counteracted these effects by inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa B (TLR4/NF-κB) pathway, modulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1 (Nrf2/HO-1) oxidative stress proteins, and increasing mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) levels, thereby enhancing microbial diversity and protecting intestinal mucosa. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore glutamine's potential in preventing 5-FU-induced mucositis by modulating gut microbiota and inflammation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Kuo
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sheng Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Food Science, National Quemoy University, Quemoy County, 89250, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung City, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung City, 41354, Taiwan
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4
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Alsholi DM, Yacoub GS, Rehman AU, Ullah H, Khan AI, Deng T, Siddiqui NZ, Alioui Y, Farooqui NA, Elkharti M, Li Y, Wang L, Xin Y. Lactobacillus rhamnosus Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Intestinal Mucositis in Mice via Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Improving Intestinal Inflammation. Pathogens 2023; 12:1340. [PMID: 38003804 PMCID: PMC10674506 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LBS) is a well-documented probiotic strain in oncology and has a pivotal role in clinical applications. Here, we have investigated the protective effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on intestinal mucositis induced by cisplatin (CP) and explored the underlying mechanisms targeting inflammatory proteins, as well as the histological changes in the intestinal tissue of mice, in addition, the bacterial strains that may be related to the health-enhancing properties. BALB/c mice were pre-treated with or without LBS via oral gavage, followed by mucositis induction with cisplatin. Our results revealed that the LBS-treated groups significantly attenuated proinflammatory cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) compared to the CP group. Furthermore, LBS mitigated the damaged tight junction integrity caused by CP via up-regulating the levels of claudin, occludin, ZO-1, and mucin-2 protein (MUC-2). Finally, the 16S rRNA fecal microbiome genomic analysis showed that LBS administration enhanced the growth of beneficial bacteria, i.e., Firmicutes and Lachnospiraceae, while the relative abundance of the opportunistic bacteria Bacteroides and Proteobacteria decreased. Collectively, LBS was found to beneficially modulate microbial composition structure and functions and enrich the ecological diversity in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa M. Alsholi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (D.M.A.); (A.U.R.); (H.U.); (A.I.K.); (T.D.); (N.Z.S.); (Y.A.); (N.A.F.)
| | - Ghazi Suleiman Yacoub
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Lu, Dalian 116011, China;
| | - Ata Ur Rehman
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (D.M.A.); (A.U.R.); (H.U.); (A.I.K.); (T.D.); (N.Z.S.); (Y.A.); (N.A.F.)
| | - Hidayat Ullah
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (D.M.A.); (A.U.R.); (H.U.); (A.I.K.); (T.D.); (N.Z.S.); (Y.A.); (N.A.F.)
| | - Asif Iqbal Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (D.M.A.); (A.U.R.); (H.U.); (A.I.K.); (T.D.); (N.Z.S.); (Y.A.); (N.A.F.)
| | - Ting Deng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (D.M.A.); (A.U.R.); (H.U.); (A.I.K.); (T.D.); (N.Z.S.); (Y.A.); (N.A.F.)
| | - Nimra Zafar Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (D.M.A.); (A.U.R.); (H.U.); (A.I.K.); (T.D.); (N.Z.S.); (Y.A.); (N.A.F.)
| | - Yamina Alioui
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (D.M.A.); (A.U.R.); (H.U.); (A.I.K.); (T.D.); (N.Z.S.); (Y.A.); (N.A.F.)
| | - Nabeel Ahmed Farooqui
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (D.M.A.); (A.U.R.); (H.U.); (A.I.K.); (T.D.); (N.Z.S.); (Y.A.); (N.A.F.)
| | - Maroua Elkharti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China;
| | - Yanxia Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Yi Xin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (D.M.A.); (A.U.R.); (H.U.); (A.I.K.); (T.D.); (N.Z.S.); (Y.A.); (N.A.F.)
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Abreu Nascimento MD, Matta Alvarez Pimenta ND, Aiceles de Medeiros Pinto Polastri V, Cardoso Chamon R, Sarto Figueiredo M. Immunonutrients and intestinal microbiota: a gap in the literature. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37751225 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2260468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The human intestinal microbiota is composed of a wide variety of microorganisms that play an important role in intestinal permeability, digestion, and especially, in the maturation of host's immune system. At the same time, effectiveness of immunomodulatory nutrients is known, especially in situations of stress and in strengthening body's defenses. However, the influence of the use of immunonutrients on microbiota's composition and variability is still poorly investigated. Studies indicate that the use of immunomodulators such as omega 3, glutamine, and arginine, can play a role in its modulation, through the immunological enhancement of the hosts. Therefore, this article sought to concentrate the latest evidence on the influence of the use of the main immunonutrients used in clinical practice on human gut microbiota, and their potential benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina da Matta Alvarez Pimenta
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Science, Faculty of Nutrition, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Raiane Cardoso Chamon
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
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Luisa Valerio de Mello Braga L, Simão G, Silva Schiebel C, Caroline Dos Santos Maia A, Mulinari Turin de Oliveira N, Barbosa da Luz B, Rita Corso C, Soares Fernandes E, Maria Ferreira D. Rodent models for anticancer toxicity studies: contributions to drug development and future perspectives. Drug Discov Today 2023:103626. [PMID: 37224998 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Antineoplastic treatment induces a type of gastrointestinal toxicity known as mucositis. Findings in animal models are usually easily reproducible, and standardized treatment regimens are often used, thus supporting translational science. Essential characteristics of mucositis, including intestinal permeability, inflammation, immune and oxidative responses, and tissue repair mechanisms, can be easily investigated in these models. Given the effects of mucositis on the quality of life of patients with cancer, and the importance of experimental models in the development of more effective new therapeutic alternatives, this review discusses progress and current challenges in using experimental models of mucositis in translational pharmacology research. Teaser Experimental models for studying gastrointestinal mucositis have provided a wealth of information improving the understanding of antineoplastic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Luisa Valerio de Mello Braga
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Gisele Simão
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina Silva Schiebel
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Andressa Caroline Dos Santos Maia
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Natalia Mulinari Turin de Oliveira
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruna Barbosa da Luz
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Claudia Rita Corso
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Soares Fernandes
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniele Maria Ferreira
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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da Silva MC, Fabiano LC, da Costa Salomão KC, de Freitas PLZ, Neves CQ, Borges SC, de Souza Carvalho MDG, Breithaupt-Faloppa AC, de Thomaz AA, Dos Santos AM, Buttow NC. A Rodent Model of Human-Dose-Equivalent 5-Fluorouracil: Toxicity in the Liver, Kidneys, and Lungs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051005. [PMID: 37237871 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a chemotherapy drug widely used to treat a range of cancer types, despite the recurrence of adverse reactions. Therefore, information on its side effects when administered at a clinically recommended dose is relevant. On this basis, we examined the effects of the 5-FU clinical treatment on the integrity of the liver, kidneys, and lungs of rats. For this purpose, 14 male Wistar rats were divided into treated and control groups and 5-FU was administered at 15 mg/kg (4 consecutive days), 6 mg/kg (4 alternate days), and 15 mg/kg on the 14th day. On the 15th day, blood, liver, kidney, and lung samples were collected for histological, oxidative stress, and inflammatory evaluations. We observed a reduction in the antioxidant markers and an increase in lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) in the liver of treated animals. We also detected elevated levels of inflammatory markers, histological lesions, apoptotic cells, and aspartate aminotransferase. Clinical treatment with 5-FU did not promote inflammatory or oxidative alterations in the kidney samples; however, histological and biochemical changes were observed, including increased serum urea and uric acid. 5-FU reduces endogenous antioxidant defenses and increases LOOH levels in the lungs, suggesting oxidative stress. Inflammation and histopathological alterations were also detected. The clinical protocol of 5-FU promotes toxicity in the liver, kidneys, and lungs of healthy rats, resulting in different levels of histological and biochemical alterations. These results will be useful in the search for new adjuvants to attenuate the adverse effects of 5-FU in such organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Conceição da Silva
- Biological Physics and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Lilian Catarim Fabiano
- Department of Morphological Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Quaglio Neves
- Department of Morphological Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Maria das Graças de Souza Carvalho
- Biological Physics and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Breithaupt-Faloppa
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Fisiopatologia da Circulação (LIM-11), Instituto do Coração (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brasil
| | - André Alexandre de Thomaz
- Quantum Electronic Department, Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-872, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Mara Dos Santos
- Biological Physics and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Nilza Cristina Buttow
- Department of Morphological Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil
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8
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Andrade MER, Trindade LM, Leocádio PCL, Leite JIA, Dos Reis DC, Cassali GD, da Silva TF, de Oliveira Carvalho RD, de Carvalho Azevedo VA, Cavalcante GG, de Oliveira JS, Fernandes SOA, Generoso SV, Cardoso VN. Association of Fructo-oligosaccharides and Arginine Improves Severity of Mucositis and Modulate the Intestinal Microbiota. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:424-440. [PMID: 36631616 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-10032-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mucositis is defined as inflammatory and ulcerative lesions along of the gastrointestinal tract that leads to the imbalance of the intestinal microbiota. The use of compounds with action on the integrity of the intestinal epithelium and their microbiota may be a beneficial alternative for the prevention and/or treatment of mucositis. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the association of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and arginine on intestinal damage in experimental mucositis. BALB/c mice were randomized into five groups: CTL (without mucositis + saline), MUC (mucositis + saline), MUC + FOS (mucositis + supplementation with FOS-1st until 10th day), MUC + ARG (mucositis + supplementation with arginine-1st until 10th day), and MUC + FOS + ARG (mucositis + supplementation with FOS and arginine-1st until 10th day). On the 7th day, mucositis was induced with an intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and after 72 h, the animals were euthanized. The results showed that association of FOS and arginine reduced weight loss and oxidative stress (P < 0.05) and maintained intestinal permeability and histological score at physiological levels. The supplementation with FOS and arginine also increased the number of goblet cells, collagen area, and GPR41 and GPR43 gene expression (P < 0.05). Besides these, the association of FOS and arginine modulated intestinal microbiota, leading to an increase in the abundance of the genera Bacteroides, Anaerostipes, and Lactobacillus (P < 0.05) in relation to increased concentration of propionate and acetate. In conclusion, the present results show that the association of FOS and arginine could be important adjuvants in the prevention of intestinal mucositis probably due to modulated intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Emília Rabelo Andrade
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Departamento de Análise Clínica e Toxicológica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 667, Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luisa Martins Trindade
- Departamento Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 667, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Paola Caroline Lacerda Leocádio
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 667, Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Isaura Alvarez Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 667, Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Diego Carlos Dos Reis
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Geovanni Dantas Cassali
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Tales Fernando da Silva
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Dias de Oliveira Carvalho
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gregório Grama Cavalcante
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 667, Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Jamil Silvano de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 667, Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Simone Odília Antunes Fernandes
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Departamento de Análise Clínica e Toxicológica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 667, Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Simone Vasconcelos Generoso
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Departamento de Análise Clínica e Toxicológica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 667, Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil.
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Experimental Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis: A Scoping Review Guiding the Design of Suitable Preclinical Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315434. [PMID: 36499758 PMCID: PMC9737148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucositis is a common and most debilitating complication associated with the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy. The condition affects the entire alimentary canal from the mouth to the anus and has a significant clinical and economic impact. Although oral and intestinal mucositis can occur concurrently in the same individual, these conditions are often studied independently using organ-specific models that do not mimic human disease. Hence, the purpose of this scoping review was to provide a comprehensive yet systematic overview of the animal models that are utilised in the study of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. A search of PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus databases was conducted to identify all relevant studies. Multiple phases of filtering were conducted, including deduplication, title/abstract screening, full-text screening, and data extraction. Studies were reported according to the updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. An inter-rater reliability test was conducted using Cohen's Kappa score. After title, abstract, and full-text screening, 251 articles met the inclusion criteria. Seven articles investigated both chemotherapy-induced intestinal and oral mucositis, 198 articles investigated chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis, and 46 studies investigated chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Among a total of 205 articles on chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis, 103 utilised 5-fluorouracil, 34 irinotecan, 16 platinum-based drugs, 33 methotrexate, and 32 other chemotherapeutic agents. Thirteen articles reported the use of a combination of 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, platinum-based drugs, or methotrexate to induce intestinal mucositis. Among a total of 53 articles on chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis, 50 utilised 5-fluorouracil, 2 irinotecan, 2 methotrexate, 1 topotecan and 1 with other chemotherapeutic drugs. Three articles used a combination of these drugs to induce oral mucositis. Various animal models such as mice, rats, hamsters, piglets, rabbits, and zebrafish were used. The chemotherapeutic agents were introduced at various dosages via three routes of administration. Animals were mainly mice and rats. Unlike intestinal mucositis, most oral mucositis models combined mechanical or chemical irritation with chemotherapy. In conclusion, this extensive assessment of the literature revealed that there was a large variation among studies that reproduce oral and intestinal mucositis in animals. To assist with the design of a suitable preclinical model of chemotherapy-induced alimentary tract mucositis, animal types, routes of administration, dosages, and types of drugs were reported in this study. Further research is required to define an optimal protocol that improves the translatability of findings to humans.
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Santana AB, Souto BS, Santos NCDM, Pereira JA, Tagliati CA, Novaes RD, Corsetti PP, de Almeida LA. Murine response to the opportunistic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in gut dysbiosis caused by 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Life Sci 2022; 307:120890. [PMID: 35988752 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This manuscript aims to explain the relationship between mucositis caused by 5-FU over gut bacterial species and susceptibility to opportunistic infection caused by P. aeruginosa. MAIN METHODS BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally treated with PBS or 5-FU. Bodyweight and faecal consistency were checked daily. Mice faecal DNA was extracted, and bacterial phylogenetic groups were analysed using qPCR or high-throughput sequencing. Immunofluorescence was used to evaluate BMDM activation by mice-treated faecal content. Mice were challenged intratracheally with virulent P. aeruginosa, and the CFU and histology were analysed. Faecal microbiota were transplanted to evaluate the gut microbiota and resistance to pulmonary P. aeruginosa recovery. KEY FINDINGS The animals treated with 5-FU presented mucositis with great weight loss, altered faecal consistency, bacterial gut dysbiosis and histological changes in the intestinal mucosa. Mice under 5-FU treatment were more susceptible to lung infection by the bacteria P. aeruginosa and had more extensive tissue damage during their lung infection with greater pro-inflammatory gene expression. It was observed that the mucositis remained in the groups with 5-FU even with the FMT. The results caused by mucositis in animals that received allogeneic FMT were reversed, however, with a decrease in P. aeruginosa susceptibility in animals treated with 5-FU and allogeneic FMT compared to animals treated with 5-FU and autologous FMT. SIGNIFICANCE Treatment with 5-FU in a murine model makes it more susceptible to pulmonary infection by the bacterium P. aeruginosa, FMT offers an opportunity to protect against this susceptibility to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Brandão Santana
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Bianca Silva Souto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Natália Cristina de Melo Santos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Assis Pereira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Tagliati
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LabTox), Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Dias Novaes
- Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Paiva Corsetti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Augusto de Almeida
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil.
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Protective Effects of Oxyberberine in 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis in the Mice Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1238358. [PMID: 35677366 PMCID: PMC9170416 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1238358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), a major active constituent of Rhizoma coptidis, was reported to exert beneficial effects on intestinal mucositis (IM) induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). However, the bioavailability of BBR is extremely low, and its metabolites were perceived to contribute to its prominent pharmacological activities. Oxyberberine (OBB) is a gut metabolite of BBR, which has been reported to have a superior anti-inflammatory effect in experimental colitis. However, its anti-inflammatory effects against 5-FU-induced IM mice have not yet been investigated. Hence, the purpose of this study was to reveal the protective effects of OBB on IM induced by 5-FU and investigate its potential underlying mechanism. The IM mice model was induced by receiving 5-FU (60 mg/kg, i.p.) for five days. Meanwhile, BBR (50 mg/kg) and OBB (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) were given prior to 30 min intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU for seven days. Results indicated that OBB ameliorated body weight loss, anorexia, diarrhea, and histopathological damage in 5-FU-induced IM mice. After OBB administration, the amounts of MDA, SOD, and GSH altered by IM were remarkably restored. OBB was also observed to dramatically decrease the levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOS and promote the release of IL-10. Besides, OBB distinctly upregulated the mRNA expressions of PCNA, ZO-1, occludin, and mucin-1, which could improve intestinal homeostasis in IM mice. OBB also blocked the activation of the upstream TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway, and then it inhibited the phosphorylation of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Importantly, compared with BBR, OBB displayed a superior therapeutic effect to BBR in alleviating 5-FU-induced IM mice. These results indicated that OBB has considerable potential to become a novel candidate drug against IM.
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12
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The Intestinal Redox System and Its Significance in Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Mucositis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7255497. [PMID: 35585883 PMCID: PMC9110227 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7255497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis (CIM) is a significant dose-limiting adverse reaction brought on by the cancer treatment. Multiple studies reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) is rapidly produced during the initial stages of chemotherapy, when the drugs elicit direct damage to intestinal mucosal cells, which, in turn, results in necrosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ROS production. However, the mechanism behind the intestinal redox system-based induction of intestinal mucosal injury and necrosis of CIM is still undetermined. In this article, we summarized relevant information regarding the intestinal redox system, including the composition and regulation of redox enzymes, ROS generation, and its regulation in the intestine. We innovatively proposed the intestinal redox “Tai Chi” theory and revealed its significance in the pathogenesis of CIM. We also conducted an extensive review of the English language-based literatures involving oxidative stress (OS) and its involvement in the pathological mechanisms of CIM. From the date of inception till July 31, 2021, 51 related articles were selected. Based on our analysis of these articles, only five chemotherapeutic drugs, namely, MTX, 5-FU, cisplatin, CPT-11, and oxaliplatin were shown to trigger the ROS-based pathological mechanisms of CIM. We also discussed the redox system-mediated modulation of CIM pathogenesis via elaboration of the relationship between chemotherapeutic drugs and the redox system. It is our belief that this overview of the intestinal redox system and its role in CIM pathogenesis will greatly enhance research direction and improve CIM management in the future.
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Teperikidis E, Boulmpou A, Charalampidis P, Tsavousoglou C, Giannakoulas G, Papadopoulos CE, Vassilikos V. 5-Fluorouracil, capecitabine and vasospasm: a scoping review of pathogenesis, management options and future research considerations. Acta Cardiol 2022; 77:1-13. [PMID: 33683181 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2021.1873548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent that can cause cardiotoxicity manifesting, among others, as chest pain. Capecitabine is an oral prodrug of 5-FU, with reported preferential activation in malignant cells that may also cause cardiotoxic reactions. Standard treatment of 5-FU and capecitabine induced chest pain with vasodilators is mostly effective, but there are several cases of patients unresponsive to these agents. METHODS We performed a PubMed search on 31st May 2020. We used a three keyword search strategy using Boolean search operators. More specifically, we included fluorouracil or 5-FU or capecitabine and chest pain or angina and mechanism or treatment or management. We included primary reports of clinical and non-clinical data, as well as systematic reviews. Narrative reviews, expert opinions, letters to the editor and other forms of non-primary literature were excluded. RESULTS Our search yielded a total of 1595 reports. Of these, 1460 were narrative reviews or irrelevant to the topic and were excluded. A total of 135 reports were used for our review. We used 81 reports for data extraction, which included 13 clinical trials, 4 retrospective reports, 61 case reports, and 3 systematic reviews. CONCLUSION We report the incidence and predisposing factors, the value of available diagnostic procedures, and standard medical and invasive treatments. We also speculate on the potential benefit of arginine as a promising option both in prevention as well as treatment of 5-FU-induced chest pain. Finally, gaps of evidence are identified and proposals are made in terms of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios Teperikidis
- Third Department of Cardiology, Ιppokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aristi Boulmpou
- Third Department of Cardiology, Ιppokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Charalampidis
- Third Department of Cardiology, Ιppokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- St Luke’s Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chalil Tsavousoglou
- Third Department of Cardiology, Ιppokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Giannakoulas
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christodoulos E. Papadopoulos
- Third Department of Cardiology, Ιppokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassilios Vassilikos
- Third Department of Cardiology, Ιppokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Li H, Liu Q, Zou Z, Chen Q, Wang W, Baccarelli AA, Deng F, Guo X, Wu S. L-arginine supplementation to mitigate cardiovascular effects of walking outside in the context of traffic-related air pollution in participants with elevated blood pressure: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 156:106631. [PMID: 34004448 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) increases blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the potential efficacy of L-arginine supplementation in mitigating the adverse cardiovascular effects of adults with elevated BP walking outside under TRAP using a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. 118 adults with elevated BP were recruited and were randomly assigned to either the placebo group or the intervention group with 9 g/day L-arginine supplementation for 2 weeks. On the 14th day, paired participants from the two groups walked along a traffic road for 2 h. Resting BP, L-arginine-nitric oxide metabolites and inflammatory biomarkers were measured before, during and after the 2 h exposure scenario, and ambulatory BP and Holter were measured during the 2 h outdoor walk. Participants in the intervention group had significantly elevated plasma L-arginine levels compared to the placebo group after supplementation. The two groups had similar exposures to traffic-related air pollutants. However, participants in the intervention group showed significant reductions of 5.3 mmHg (95% CI: -9.9, -0.7) in resting systolic BP (SBP), 4.3 mmHg (95% CI: -7.2, -1.3) in resting diastolic BP (DBP) and 4.6 mmHg (95% CI: -7.9, -1.3) in resting mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 30 min after the 2 h outdoor walk compared with the placebo group. There were also significant decreases in ambulatory SBP, DBP and MAP (7.5-9.9 mmHg, 5.3-7.6 mmHg and 4.7-7.9 mmHg, respectively) during the walk in the intervention group compared with the placebo group. There were no substantial changes in ST-segment level, L-arginine-NO metabolites and inflammatory biomarkers, and no significant associations were found between specific traffic-related air pollutants and cardiovascular health indicators. Specifically, our study shows that oral L-arginine supplementation was safe and well-tolerated, and could improve BP levels in adults with elevated BP during outside walk under TRAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qisijing Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Zou
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanzhou Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Furong Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinbiao Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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15
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Zeeshan M, Atiq A, Ain QU, Ali J, Khan S, Ali H. Evaluating the mucoprotective effects of glycyrrhizic acid-loaded polymeric nanoparticles in a murine model of 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis via suppression of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1539-1553. [PMID: 34420176 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), a chemotherapeutic drug, has severe deteriorating effects on the intestine, leading to mucositis. Glycyrrhizic acid is a compound derived from a common herbal plant Glycyrrhiza glabra, with mucoprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, however, associated with poor pharmacokinetics. Owing to the remarkable therapeutic action of glycyrrhizic acid-loaded polymeric nanocarriers in inflammatory bowel disease, we explored their activity against 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis in mice. Polymeric nanocarriers have proven to be efficient drug delivery vehicles for the long-term treatment of inflammatory diseases, but have not yet been explored for 5-FU-induced mucositis. Therefore, this study aimed to produce glycyrrhizic acid-loaded polylactic-co-glycolic acid (GA-PLGA) nanoparticles to evaluate their protective and therapeutic effects in a 5-FU-induced mucositis model. METHODS GA-PLGA nanoparticles were prepared using a modified double emulsion method, physicochemically characterized, and tested for in vitro drug release. Thereafter, mucositis was induced by 5-FU (50 mg/kg; IP) administration to the mice for the first 3 days (day 0, 1, 2), and mice were treated orally with GA-PLGA nanoparticles for 7 days (day 0-6). RESULTS GA-PLGA nanoparticles significantly reduced mucositis severity measured by body weight, diarrhea score, distress, and anorexia. Further, 5-FU induced intestinal histopathological damage, altered villi-crypt length, reduced goblet cell count, elevated pro-inflammatory mediators, and suppressed antioxidant enzymes, all of which were reversed by GA-PLGA nanoparticles. CONCLUSION Morphological, behavioral, histological, and biochemical results suggested that GA-PLGA nanoparticles were efficient, biocompatible, targeted, and sustained release drug delivery nano-vehicle for enhanced mucoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects in 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahira Zeeshan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Atiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Qurat Ul Ain
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Jawad Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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Bech AS, Nexoe AB, Dubik M, Moeller JB, Soerensen GL, Holmskov U, Madsen GI, Husby S, Rathe M. Peptidoglycan Recognition Peptide 2 Aggravates Weight Loss in a Murine Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Gastrointestinal Toxicity. Front Oncol 2021; 11:635005. [PMID: 33833993 PMCID: PMC8021894 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.635005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity (CIGT) is a frequent, severe and dose-limiting side effect. Few treatments have proven effective for CIGT. CIGT is characterized by activation of the nuclear factor kappa B pathway which, leads to upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. The innate immune protein peptidoglycan recognition peptide 2 (PGLYRP2) binds to and hydrolyzes microbial peptidoglycan. Expression of PGLYRP2 is upregulated in the intestine of chemotherapy-treated piglets. In this experimental study, we investigated the role of Pglyrp2 in the development and severity of murine CIGT. Methods: Pglyrp2 wildtype and Pglyrp2 knockout mice received intraperitoneal injections of chemotherapy (Doxorubicin 20 mg/kg) to induce CIGT. Weight was monitored daily, and animals were euthanized after 2 or 7 days. Expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the jejunum was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase-chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Villus height, crypt depth, and histologic inflammation were evaluated on haematoxylin and eosin stained tissue specimens. Results: Chemotherapeutic treatment induced weight loss (p < 0.05), shortening of the small intestine (p < 0.05), elongation of villus height (p < 0.05), increased crypt depth (p < 0.05), and led to elevated mRNA levels of II1β (p < 0.05), II6 (p < 0.05), and Tnf (p < 0.001) at day 2. Protein levels of IL1β, IL6, and TNFα did not change after exposure to chemotherapy. Doxorubicin treated wildtype mice had a more pronounced weight loss compared to knockout mice from day 3 to day 7 (D3-D6: p < 0.05 and D7: p < 0.01). No other phenotypic differences were detected. Conclusion: Pglyrp2 aggravates chemotherapy-induced weight loss but does not induce a specific pattern of inflammation and morphological changes in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Sophie Bech
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders Bathum Nexoe
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Magdalena Dubik
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jesper Bonnet Moeller
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Danish Institute for Advanced Study (D-IAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Grith Lykke Soerensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Uffe Holmskov
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Steffen Husby
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mathias Rathe
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Exogenous L-arginine increases intestinal stem cell function through CD90+ stromal cells producing mTORC1-induced Wnt2b. Commun Biol 2020; 3:611. [PMID: 33097830 PMCID: PMC7584578 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The renewal and repair of intestinal epithelium depend on the self-renewal of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) under physiological and pathological conditions. Although previous work has established that exogenous nutrients regulate adult stem cell activity, little is known about the regulatory effect of L-arginine on ISCs. In this study we utilize mice and small intestinal (SI) organoid models to clarify the role of L-arginine on epithelial differentiation of ISCs. We show that L-arginine increases expansion of ISCs in mice. Furthermore, CD90+ intestinal stromal cells augment stem-cell function in response to L-arginine in co-culture experiments. Mechanistically, we find that L-arginine stimulates Wnt2b secretion by CD90+ stromal cells through the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and that blocking Wnt2b production prevents L-arginine-induced ISC expansion. Finally, we show that L-arginine treatment protects the gut in response to injury. Our findings highlight an important role for CD90+ stromal cells in L-arginine-stimulated ISC expansion.
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18
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de Araújo EON, Cervini CR, Goiozo PFI, da Silva DAF, Pereira LG, da Silva EO, Dundi CG, Nogueira RMB, Castilho ACDS, Reis LSLDS. Supplementation with L-Arginine Decreases Jejunal Lesions and Micronucleus Formation Induced by 5-Fluorouracil in Rats. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2272-2277. [PMID: 32959704 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1823007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-arginine supplementation on the formation of jejunal lesions and micronuclei in Wistar rats following 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment. Fifty rats were separated into five groups: CG served as the control group, GArg was supplemented L-arginine, G5-FU was administered 5-FU, GArg+5-FU was supplemented L-arginine/day and administered 5-FU, and Gciclo served as a positive control group for micronuclei formation. Jejunal lesions were assessed by histopathological analysis using a scoring system with a maximum of 39 points, based on the following lesions: lymph vessel dilatation, cubic enterocytes, villous flattening, villus fusion, interstitial edema, and apical necrosis of the villi. Micronuclei were counted in polychromatic erythrocytes from the femur bone marrow. The control and GArg rats had the lowest number of jejunal lesions (6.4 ± 2.8 and 5.3 ± 2.4, respectively) and micronuclei (1.9 ± 0.6 and 1.1 ± 0.3, respectively) while the G5-FU rats had the highest number of jejunal lesions (24.2 ± 4.9) and micronuclei (36.0 ± 8.5). The GArg+5-FU rats showed significantly reduced (P < 0.05) jejunal lesions (10.2 ± 4.9) and micronuclei (15.4 ± 5.9). In conclusion L-arginine supplementation potentially reduces the jejunal lesions and DNA damage caused by 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolini Rossetti Cervini
- Program of Postgraduate in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Felipe Izique Goiozo
- Program of Postgraduate in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dayane Aparecida Francisco da Silva
- Program of Postgraduate in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Liliane Girotto Pereira
- Program of Postgraduate in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisangela Olegário da Silva
- Program of Postgraduate in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Gil Dundi
- Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Barilli Nogueira
- Program of Postgraduate in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anthony Cesar de Souza Castilho
- Program of Postgraduate in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Souza Lima de Souza Reis
- Program of Postgraduate in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bioactive Polyphenols from Pomegranate Juice Reduce 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080699. [PMID: 32756489 PMCID: PMC7464015 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) play a pivotal role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Different noxious agents, among them also anticancer therapies, can impair intestinal epithelial integrity triggering inflammation and oxidative stress. A frequent complication of chemotherapy is gastrointestinal mucositis, strongly influencing the effectiveness of therapy, increasing healthcare costs, and impairing patients’ quality of life. Different strategies are used to treat gastrointestinal mucositis, including products from natural sources. Our study focused on the effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice extract on IEC-6 cells, both during inflammatory conditions and following treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The polyphenolic profile of pomegranate juice was characterized in detail by Online Comprehensive two dimensional Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The evaluation of pomegranate juice extract in IEC-6 indicates a significant inhibition in proinflammatory factors, such as cytokines release, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and nitrotyrosine formation. Pomegranate also inhibited oxidative stress and adhesion protein expression. In 5-FU-treated IEC-6, pomegranate also inhibited both inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters and apoptosis. It promoted wound repair and tight junction expression. These results suggest a potential use of pomegranate as an adjuvant in the treatment of intestinal inflammatory and oxidative stress states, which also occur during chemotherapy-induced mucositis.
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20
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Magalhães TAFM, Souza MOD, Gomes SV, Mendes E Silva R, Martins FDS, Freitas RND, Amaral JFD. Açaí ( Euterpe oleracea Martius) Promotes Jejunal Tissue Regeneration by Enhancing Antioxidant Response in 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Mucositis. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:523-533. [PMID: 32367766 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1759659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal mucositis (IM) caused by antineoplastic chemotherapy is characterized by an important inflammatory process, which may compromise ongoing treatment. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Martius) on the antioxidant response in BALB/c mice pretreated with Açaí pulp (200 g/kg) for 14 day. A group of animals receiving a single intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU (200 mg/kg) were euthanized on day three (D3) or seven (D7) after administration, the distal jejunum was isolated for the analyses of histology, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities, and concentration of total sulfhydryl groups (GSH). Seven days after induction, the intake of Açaí by the IM group almost completely regenerated tissue histology. Notably, SOD activity decreased in the MUC + Açaí group (D3). CAT activity reduced on D3 and D7 in the IM groups and Açaí treatment groups, respectively. No change was observed in the total GSH concentration at the tissue level. Our results demonstrated the protective effect of Açaí pulp components on intestinal damage induced by 5-FU, as well as the ability to control the response to oxidative stress, in order to mobilize defense pathways and promote tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sttefany Viana Gomes
- Nucleus of Research in Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raiana Mendes E Silva
- Nucleus of Research in Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Dos Santos Martins
- Departament of Microbiology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renata Nascimento de Freitas
- School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Nucleus of Research in Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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21
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Berberine regulates fecal metabolites to ameliorate 5-fluorouracil induced intestinal mucositis through modulating gut microbiota. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 124:109829. [PMID: 31958765 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid, which has been used in the treatment of intestinal mucositis. However, BBR on chemotherapy-induced mucositis in cancer patients remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of BBR on intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) using rat model. We detected the degree of intestinal mucosal damage and inflammatory response in 5-Fu treated rats with or without BBR administration, and investigated the changes of fecal metabolites and gut microbiota using 1H NMR spectroscopy and 16S rRNA. The mechanism was further explored by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Results showed that BBR treated rats displayed less weight loss, lower diarrhea score and longer colon length in 5-Fu treated rats. Meanwhile, BBR treatment significantly increased the expression of Occludin in ileum and decreased the d-lactate content in serum. Moreover, the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in ileum were suppressed by BBR treatment. The pattern of fecal metabolism changed obviously after treated with 5-Fu, which was reversed by BBR. Importantly, BBR significantly increased the levels of butyrate and glutamine in feces from 5-Fu treated rats. In terms of gut microbiota, BBR enriched the relative abundance of Firmicutes and decreased Proteobacteria at the phylum level. Meanwhile, BBR increased the propotion of unclassified_f_ Porphyromonadaceae, unclassified_f_ Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillus, unclassified_o_ Clostridiales, Ruminococcus, Prevotella, Clostridium IV, and decreased Escherichia/Shigella at the genera level. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) showed that fecal transplantation led to changes in fecal metabolites. Fecal transplantation from BBR treated rats had low diarrhea score, reduced inflammatory response in ileum, and relieved intestinal mucosal injury, which may be caused by the increased of butyrate level in fecal metabolites. In conclusion, our study provides evidence that BBR regulates fecal metabolites to ameliorate 5-Fu induced intestinal mucositis by modifying gut microbiota.
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22
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Zeng H, Li H, Yue M, Fan Y, Cheng J, Wu X, Xu R, Yang W, Li M, Tang J, Chen H, Kuang B, Fan G, Zhu Q, Shao L. Isoprenaline protects intestinal stem cells from chemotherapy-induced damage. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:687-700. [PMID: 31648381 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Damage to intestinal epithelial cells and mucosa limits the effectiveness of several anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents but the underlying mechanism (s) remain unknown. Little is known of how enteric nervous system regulates proliferation, differentiation, impairment, and regeneration of intestinal stem cells. Here we have investigated the effects of isoprenaline on the damaged intestinal stem cells induced by chemotherapeutic treatments in mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of inhibiting sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on intestinal stem cells were examined in male C57BL/6J mice. Protection by isoprenaline of intestinal stem cells was assessed in the presence or absence of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) or cisplatin. Cellular apoptosis, cell cycle, PI3K/Akt signalling, and NF-κB signalling in intestinal stem cells were mechanistically evaluated. KEY RESULTS The sympathetic nerve inhibitor 6-OHDA decreased the number and function of intestinal stem cells. 5FU or cisplatin treatment damaged both intestinal stem cells and sympathetic nerves. Notably, isoprenaline accelerated the recovery of intestinal stem cells after 5FU or cisplatin treatment. This protective effect of isoprenaline on damaged intestinal stem cells was mediated by β2 -adrenoceptors. The benefits of isoprenaline were mainly mediated by inhibiting cellular apoptosis induced by 5FU treatment, which might contribute to fine-tuning regulating NF-κB signalling pathway by isoprenaline administration. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Treatment with isoprenaline is a new approach to ameliorate the damage to intestinal stem cells following exposure to cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihong Zeng
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mengzhen Yue
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiaoqi Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xincheng Wu
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wuping Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Manjun Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiahui Tang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bohai Kuang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guangqin Fan
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qingxian Zhu
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lijian Shao
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Bala A, Panditharadyula SS. Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF-2) Mediated Antioxidant Response on the Synergistic Antitumor Effect of L-Arginine and 5-Fluro Uracil (5FU) in Breast Adenocarcinoma. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1643-1652. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190705205155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast adenocarcinoma (BAC) in glandular tissue cells have excessive metastasis and invasion capability.
The major challenges for the chemotherapy used for the management of BAC include chemoresistance and
auto-immunosuppression in BAC. The 5-fluro uracil (5-FU) based therapy promotes the immune activation in
BAC by targeting the regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). The beneficial effect of
the combination of L-Arginine with 5-FU strives to be established in different pre-clinical and clinical conditions
and explored in the scientific literature. L-Arginine induces NO production and potentiates the anticancer effect
of 5-FU. NO-mediated signaling is regulated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF-2) mediated
antioxidant response. NRF-2 mediated antioxidant mechanism always suppresses the formation of superoxide
(O2
-) as well as other reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thus the utilization of NO by O2
- will be minimum in this
combination therapy. The regulatory role of NRF-2 in regulation to Antioxidant Response Element (ARE) mediated
cytoprotective gene expression in BAC remains unexplored. The present review summarizes the role of
NRF-2 mediated antioxidant response on the synergistic antitumor effect of L-Arginine and 5-FU in BAC. This
review brought new insight into the management of BAC and in the same context, a hypothesis is raised on the
use of reduced glutathione (GSH) or N-Acetyl Cysteine as it may be an added adjuvant in the combination of 5-
FU and L-Arginine for management of BAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asis Bala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, EPIP, Industrial Area, Vaishali 844102, Bihar, India
| | - Shravani Sripathi Panditharadyula
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, EPIP, Industrial Area, Vaishali 844102, Bihar, India
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24
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de Andrade Bernal Fagiani M, Fluminhan A, de Azevedo Mello F, Yabuki D, Gonçalves GV, Tsujigushi LK, Pereira LG, da Silva KA, da Silva SBB, Santarem CL, Giozo PFI, de Souza Reis LSL. l-arginine minimizes immunosuppression and prothrombin time and enhances the genotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil in rats. Nutrition 2019; 66:94-100. [PMID: 31252338 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low doses of l-arginine supplementation on hemogram, integrity of DNA and spleen, inflammatory infiltrate in the jejunum, and in the coagulogram of rats submitted to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy. METHODS Thirty-two Wistar rats were fed commercial feed and water ad libitum and grouped into four (eight rats per group): The control group was given a 0.9% physiologic solution to simulate the application of 5-FU in the other groups; the G5-FU group was given a dose of 5-FU; the GArg50 and GArg100 groups were given a dose of 5-FU and supplemented with 50 and 100 mg l-arginine/d added in the drinking water ad libitum. RESULTS The rats in the GArg50 group did not lose weight after chemotherapy. GArg50 rats presented polycythemia owing to dehydration caused by diarrhea generated by 5-FU. GArg100 rats had increased total leukocyte count, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and index in the total index of DNA damage, yet showed a reduction in prothrombin time and in the spleen depletion index. Rats in the G5-FU, GArg50, and GArg100 groups had similar moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the jejunum. CONCLUSION Supplementation with 100 mg/d of l-arginine minimized immunosuppression, spleen depletion, and prothrombin time and contributed to the breakdown of 5-FU-generated DNA in Wistar rats. Supplementation with 50 mg/d of l-arginine decreased the weight loss generated by 5-FU in Wistar rats. Supplements with 50 or 100 mg of l-arginine did not interfere with 5-FU-generated jejunal inflammatory infiltrate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antônio Fluminhan
- State University of Sao Paulo (UNESP), College of Sciences and Technology (FCT), Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Fabíola de Azevedo Mello
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Denise Yabuki
- Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Liliane Girotto Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Kesia Araújo da Silva
- Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cecilia Laposy Santarem
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil; Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Felipe Izique Giozo
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil; Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Souza Lima de Souza Reis
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil; Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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25
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Arginine supplementation reduces colonic injury, inflammation and oxidative stress of DSS-induced colitis in mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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26
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Pretreatment and treatment with fructo-oligosaccharides attenuate intestinal mucositis induced by 5-FU in mice. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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27
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Chen XX, Lam KKH, Feng YB, Xu K, Sze SCW, Tang SCW, Leung GPH, Lee CKF, Shi J, Yang ZJ, Li ST, Zhang ZJ, Zhang KYB. Ellagitannins from Pomegranate Ameliorates 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis in Rats while Enhancing Its Chemotoxicity against HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cells through Intrinsic Apoptosis Induction. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:7054-7064. [PMID: 29920075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a deleterious disease causing millions of death annually. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a first-line chemotherapy for CRC, but chemoresistance and gastrointestinal mucositis limit its efficacy. Polyphenol-rich foods are increasingly popular due to their potential beneficial roles in preventing and treating cancer. Ellagitannins are a group of phenolic compounds commonly found in pomegranate, strawberries, raspberries, etc. The objective of this study was to explore whether ellagitannins from pomegranate (PETs) could ameliorate 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis and enhance the drug's efficacy against CRC. The results showed that PETs (100 mg/kg) counteracted 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis in rats. The number of apoptotic cells per crypt was reduced from 1.50 ± 0.21 to 0.85 ± 0.18 ( P < 0.05). Moreover, PETs induced HT-29 CRC cell death through intrinsic apoptosis, as demonstrated by dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio, and cleavage of caspase 9 and caspase 3. PETs and 5-FU combination treatments exhibited synergistic cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells with a weighted combination index of 0.3494. PETs (80 μg/mL) and 5-FU (40 μg/mL) treatments for 48 h induced 14.03 ± 0.76% and 16.42 ± 1.15% of HT-29 cells to undergo apoptosis, while the combination treatment further increased apoptosis of cells to 34.00 ± 1.54% ( P < 0.05). Combination treatment of the cells also enhanced S phase cell cycle arrest as compared with PETs or 5-FU monotherapy ( P < 0.05). These results suggest that dietary ellagitannins from pomegranate could alleviate intestinal mucositis in rats induced by 5-FU while enhancing its toxicity against HT-29 cells through potentiation of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
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28
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Conjugated linoleic acid prevents damage caused by intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil in an experimental model. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:1567-1576. [PMID: 29864944 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have showed the protective effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on intestinal epithelium, modulating host immune and inflammatory responses on intestinal diseases. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the preventive effects of CLA on the intestinal mucositis induced by 5-FU in a murine model. METHODS Sixty-four BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: Control (CTL), fed a standard chow diet; CLAs, fed a diet supplemented with CLA; Mucositis (5-FU), fed a standard chow diet and underwent mucositis induction and CLAs 5-FU, fed a diet supplemented with CLA and underwent mucositis induction. Mucositis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg 5-FU. After 72 h, the animals were euthanized and intestinal permeability, bacterial translocation, inflammatory mediators, and intestinal histology were evaluated. RESULTS Mice in the CLAs 5-FU group showed reduced weight loss compared to those in the 5-FU group (p < 0.005). Furthermore, the results also showed that the treatment with CLA reduced intestinal permeability, bacterial translocation, and biomarkers of inflammatory response besides minor damage to ZO-1 and occludin with maintenance of the integrity of the intestinal epithelium and a favorable balance between the inflammatory and regulatory cytokines. CONCLUSION This study suggests that CLA reduced the adverse effects from 5-FU administration on the intestinal mucosa.
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29
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Sangild PT, Shen RL, Pontoppidan P, Rathe M. Animal models of chemotherapy-induced mucositis: translational relevance and challenges. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 314:G231-G246. [PMID: 29074485 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00204.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy for cancer patients induces damaging tissue reactions along the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This chemotherapy-induced mucositis (CIM) is a serious side effect of cytotoxic drugs, and several animal models of CIM have been developed, mainly in rodents and piglets, to help understand the progression of CIM and how to prevent it. Animal models allow highly controlled experimental conditions, detailed organ (e.g., GIT) insights, standardized, clinically relevant treatment regimens, and discovery of new biomarkers. Still, surprisingly few results from animal models have been translated into clinical CIM management and treatments. The results obtained from specific animal models can be difficult to translate to the diverse range of CIM manifestations in patients, which vary according to the antineoplastic drugs, dose, underlying (cancer) disease, and patient characteristics (e.g., age, genetics, and body constitution). Another factor that hinders the direct use of results from animals is inadequate collaboration between basic science and clinical science in relation to CIM. Here, we briefly describe CIM pathophysiology, particularly the basic knowledge that has been obtained from CIM animal models. These model studies have indicated potential new preventive and ameliorating interventions, including supplementation with natural bioactive diets (e.g., milk fractions, colostrum, and plant extracts), nutrients (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids, short-chain fatty acids, and glutamine), and growth factor peptides (e.g., transforming growth factor and glucagon-like peptide-2), as well as manipulations of the gut microbiota (e.g., prebiotics, probiotics, and antibiotics). Rodent CIM models allow well-controlled, in-depth studies of animals with or without tumors while pig models more easily make clinically relevant treatment regimens possible. In synergy, animal models of CIM provide the basic physiological understanding and the new ideas for treatment that are required to make competent decisions in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per T Sangild
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , Denmark.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen , Denmark.,Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital , Odense , Denmark
| | - René Liang Shen
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Peter Pontoppidan
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , Denmark.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Mathias Rathe
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital , Odense , Denmark
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30
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Balmant BD, Araújo EON, Yabuki D, Novais AB, Genaro SC, Laposy CB, Goiozo PFI, Chacur MGM, Giuffrida R, Reis LSLS. Effects of L-Arginine Supplementation on Leukogram, Inflammatory Bowel Infiltrates and Immunoglobulins with 5-FU Use in Rats. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:249-256. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1424346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca D. Balmant
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Eloisa O. N. Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Denise Yabuki
- Graduate in Veterinary Medicine, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Amanda B. Novais
- Graduate in Veterinary Medicine, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Sandra C. Genaro
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Cecilia B. Laposy
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Paulo F. I. Goiozo
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
- Graduate in Veterinary Medicine, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Marcelo G. M. Chacur
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
- Graduate in Veterinary Medicine, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Rogério Giuffrida
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
- Graduate in Veterinary Medicine, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Luis S. L. S. Reis
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
- Graduate in Veterinary Medicine, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Chen XX, Lam KH, Chen QX, Leung GPH, Tang SCW, Sze SCW, Xiao JB, Feng F, Wang Y, Zhang KYB, Zhang ZJ. Ficus virens proanthocyanidins induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells concomitantly ameliorated 5-fluorouracil induced intestinal mucositis in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 110:49-61. [PMID: 29030256 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Whittaker AL, Zhu Y, Howarth GS, Loung CS, Bastian SEP, Wirthensohn MG. Effects of commercially produced almond by-products on chemotherapy-induced mucositis in rats. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2017; 8:176-187. [PMID: 29184703 PMCID: PMC5696615 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v8.i4.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine if almond extracts reduce the severity of chemotherapy-induced mucositis as determined through biochemical, histological and behavioural markers.
METHODS Intestinal mucositis is a debilitating condition characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa experienced by cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Certain bioactive plant products have shown promise in accelerating mucosal repair and alleviating clinical symptoms. This study evaluated almond extracts for their potential to reduce the severity of chemotherapy-induced mucositis in Dark Agouti rats. Female Dark Agouti rats were gavaged (days 3-11) with either PBS, almond hull or almond blanched water extract at two doses, and were injected intraperitoneally with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU-150 mg/kg) or saline on day 9 to induce mucositis. Burrowing behavior, histological parameters and myeloperoxidase activity were assessed.
RESULTS Bodyweight was significantly reduced in rats that received 5-FU compared to saline-treated controls (P < 0.05). Rats administered 5-FU significantly increased jejunal and ileal MPO levels (1048%; P < 0.001 and 409%; P < 0.001), compared to healthy controls. Almond hull extract caused a pro-inflammatory response in rats with mucositis as evidenced by increased myeloperoxidase activity in the jejunum when compared to 5-FU alone (rise 50%, 1088 ± 96 U/g vs 723 ± 135 U/g, P = 0.02). Other extract-related effects on inflammatory activity were minimal. 5-FU significantly increased histological severity score compared to healthy controls confirming the presence of mucositis (median of 9.75 vs 0; P < 0.001). The extracts had no ameliorating effect on histological severity score in the jejunum or ileum. Burrowing behavior was significantly reduced in all chemotherapy-treated groups (P = 0.001). The extracts failed to normalize burrowing activity to baseline levels.
CONCLUSION Almond extracts at these dosages offer little beneficial effect on mucositis severity. Burrowing provides a novel measure of affective state in studies of chemotherapy-induced mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Whittaker
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, the University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, the University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Gordon S Howarth
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, the University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
| | - Chi S Loung
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, the University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Susan E P Bastian
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, the University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Michelle G Wirthensohn
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, the University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
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Li HL, Lu L, Wang XS, Qin LY, Wang P, Qiu SP, Wu H, Huang F, Zhang BB, Shi HL, Wu XJ. Alteration of Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Cytokine/Chemokine Profiles in 5-Fluorouracil Induced Intestinal Mucositis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:455. [PMID: 29124041 PMCID: PMC5662589 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbed homeostasis of gut microbiota has been suggested to be closely associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) induced mucositis. However, current knowledge of the overall profiles of 5-Fu-disturbed gut microbiota is limited, and so far there is no direct convincing evidence proving the causality between 5-Fu-disturbed microbiota and colonic mucositis. In mice, in agreement with previous reports, 5-Fu resulted in severe colonic mucositis indicated by weight loss, diarrhea, bloody stool, shortened colon, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. It significantly changed the profiles of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in serum and colon. Adhesion molecules such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and VE-Cadherin were increased. While tight junction protein occludin was reduced, however, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) were increased in colonic tissues of 5-Fu treated mice. Meanwhile, inflammation related signaling pathways including NF-κB and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPKs) in the colon were activated. Further study disclosed that 5-Fu diminished bacterial community richness and diversity, leading to the relative lower abundance of Firmicutes and decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in feces and cecum contents. 5-Fu also reduced the proportion of Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Cyanobacteria, and Candidate division TM7, but increased that of Verrucomicrobia and Actinobacteria in feces and/or cecum contents. The fecal transplant from healthy mice prevented body weight loss and colon shortening of 5-Fu treated mice. In addition, the fecal transplant from 5-Fu treated mice reduced body weight and colon length of vancomycin-pretreated mice. Taken together, our study demonstrated that gut microbiota was actively involved in the pathological process of 5-Fu induced intestinal mucositis, suggesting potential attenuation of 5-Fu induced intestinal mucositis by manipulating gut microbiota homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Shuang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Yue Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shui-Ping Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Lian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen XX, Leung GPH, Zhang ZJ, Xiao JB, Lao LX, Feng F, Mak JCW, Wang Y, Sze SCW, Zhang KYB. Proanthocyanidins from Uncaria rhynchophylla induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells while enhancing cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:248-260. [PMID: 28689063 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Liu G, Ren W, Fang J, Hu CAA, Guan G, Al-Dhabi NA, Yin J, Duraipandiyan V, Chen S, Peng Y, Yin Y. L-Glutamine and L-arginine protect against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection via intestinal innate immunity in mice. Amino Acids 2017; 49:1945-1954. [PMID: 28299479 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2410-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dietary glutamine (Gln) or arginine (Arg) supplementation is beneficial for intestinal health; however, whether Gln or Arg may confer protection against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection is not known. To address this, we used an ETEC-infected murine model to investigate the protective effects of Gln and Arg. Experimentally, we pre-treated mice with designed diet of Gln or Arg supplementation prior to the oral ETEC infection and then assessed mouse mortality and intestinal bacterial burden. We also determined the markers of intestinal innate immunity in treated mice, including secretory IgA response (SIgA), mucins from goblet cells, as well as antimicrobial peptides from Paneth cells. ETEC colonized in mouse small intestine, including duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and inhibited the mRNA expression of intestinal immune factors, such as polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), cryptdin-related sequence 1C (CRS1C), and Reg3γ. We found that dietary Gln or Arg supplementation decreased bacterial colonization and promoted the activation of innate immunity (e.g., the mRNA expression of pIgR, CRS1C, and Reg3γ) in the intestine of ETEC-infected mice. Our results suggest that dietary arginine or glutamine supplementation may inhibit intestinal ETEC infection through intestinal innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan, 410125, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkai Ren
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan, 410125, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chien-An Andy Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC08 4670, Fitz 258, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Guiping Guan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jie Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan, 410125, People's Republic of China
| | - Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan
- Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan, 410125, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan, 410125, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, School of Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
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Carvalho RD, Breyner N, Menezes-Garcia Z, Rodrigues NM, Lemos L, Maioli TU, da Gloria Souza D, Carmona D, de Faria AMC, Langella P, Chatel JM, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Figueiredo HCP, Azevedo V, de Azevedo MS. Secretion of biologically active pancreatitis-associated protein I (PAP) by genetically modified dairy Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 in the prevention of intestinal mucositis. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:27. [PMID: 28193209 PMCID: PMC5307810 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mucositis is one of the most relevant gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions in humans, generated by the use of chemotherapy drugs, such as 5-fluoracil (5-FU). 5-FU-induced mucositis affects 80% of patients undergoing oncological treatment causing mucosal gut dysfunctions and great discomfort. As current therapy drugs presents limitations in alleviating mucositis symptoms, alternative strategies are being pursued. Recent studies have shown that the antimicrobial pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) has a protective role in intestinal inflammatory processes. Indeed, it was demonstrated that a recombinant strain of Lactococcus lactis expressing human PAP (LL-PAP) could prevent and improve murine DNBS-induced colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes severe inflammation of the colon. Hence, in this study we sought to evaluate the protective effects of LL-PAP on 5-FU-induced experimental mucositis in BALB/c mice as a novel approach to treat the disease. Results Our results show that non-recombinant L. lactis NZ9000 have antagonistic activity, in vitro, against the enteroinvasive gastrointestinal pathogen L. monocytogenes and confirmed PAP inhibitory effect against Opportunistic E. faecalis. Moreover, L. lactis was able to prevent histological damage, reduce neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration and secretory Immunoglobulin-A in mice injected with 5-FU. Recombinant lactococci carrying antimicrobial PAP did not improve those markers of inflammation, although its expression was associated with villous architecture preservation and increased secretory granules density inside Paneth cells in response to 5-FU inflammation. Conclusions We have demonstrated for the first time that L. lactis NZ9000 by itself, is able to prevent 5-FU-induced intestinal inflammation in BALB/c mice. Moreover, PAP delivered by recombinant L. lactis strain showed additional protective effects in mice epithelium, revealing to be a promising strategy to treat intestinal mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo D Carvalho
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Natalia Breyner
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Zelia Menezes-Garcia
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Nubia M Rodrigues
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luisa Lemos
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Tatiane U Maioli
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Danielle da Gloria Souza
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.,Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Denise Carmona
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ana M C de Faria
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Marc Chatel
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Henrique C P Figueiredo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marcela S de Azevedo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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Kuchay RAH. A review of complementary therapies for chemotherapy induced gastrointestinal mucositis. Drug Discov Ther 2017; 10:292-299. [PMID: 27746417 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2016.01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Administration of chemotherapy often leads to gastrointestinal mucositis (GIM). GIM manifests as nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhoea in recipients of chemotherapy. GIM is a major complication occurring in approximately 80% of patients receiving 5-flurouracil treatment. These side-effects may become so severe that significant dose reductions are required, ultimately affecting treatment efficacy and patient survival. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a growing area of public interest. This review will provide an overview of current knowledge of complementary medicinal therapies for chemotherapy induced GIM. An understanding of this evolving literature is useful in discussing these therapies with patients who are considering using them.
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Barros PAVD, Generoso SDV, Andrade MER, da Gama MAS, Lopes FCF, de Sales e Souza ÉL, Martins FDS, Miranda SEM, Fernandes SOA, Cardoso VN. Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid-enriched Butter After 24 hours of Intestinal Mucositis Induction. Nutr Cancer 2016; 69:168-175. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1225100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Generoso SDV, Rodrigues NM, Trindade LM, Paiva NC, Cardoso VN, Carneiro CM, Ferreira AVDM, Faria AMC, Maioli TU. Dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acid attenuates 5-fluorouracil induced mucositis in mice. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:54. [PMID: 26063053 PMCID: PMC4473827 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies showed the positive effects of omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease as it alleviated the symptoms and promoted better mucosal integrity. The objective of this study was to determine whether a diet with the addition of n-3 FA helps control the inflammation observed in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) induced mucositis. Methods BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups as follows: 1: control (CTL), fed a standard chow diet; 2: CTL + n-3 FA – n-3 FA, fed a diet with n-3; 3: mucositis (MUC), fed a standard chow diet and subjected to mucositis; and 4: MUC+ n-3 FA, fed a diet with n-3 FA and subjected to mucositis. On the 8th day, the animals of the MUC and MUC + n-3 FA groups received an intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg 5-FU for mucositis induction. After 24 h or 72 h, all mice were euthanized and evaluated for intestinal permeability, bacterial translocation, intestinal histology and apoptosis. Results Mice that received the diet with n-3 FA and a 5-FU injection showed less weight loss compared to the animals of the MUC group (p < 0.005). Decreased intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation were also observed in animals fed n-3 FA, and these mice underwent mucositis compared to the MUC group (p < 0.005). These data were associated with mucosal integrity and a reduced number of apoptotic cells in the ileum mucosa compared to the mice that received the control diet and 5-FU injection. Conclusion Together, these results show that omega-3 fatty acid decreases the mucosal damage caused by 5-FU-induced mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Núbia Morais Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Luísa Martins Trindade
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Nivea Carolina Paiva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Cláudia Martins Carneiro
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | | | - Ana Maria Caetano Faria
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Tatiani Uceli Maioli
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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