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Mau T, Blackwell TL, Cawthon PM, Molina AJA, Coen PM, Distefano G, Kramer PA, Ramos SV, Forman DE, Goodpaster BH, Toledo FGS, Duchowny KA, Sparks LM, Newman AB, Kritchevsky SB, Cummings SR. Muscle Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Capacities Are Associated With Multimorbidity Burden in Older Adults: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae101. [PMID: 38605684 PMCID: PMC11167490 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The geroscience hypothesis posits that aging biological processes contribute to many age-related deficits, including the accumulation of multiple chronic diseases. Though only one facet of mitochondrial function, declines in muscle mitochondrial bioenergetic capacities may contribute to this increased susceptibility to multimorbidity. METHODS The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) assessed ex vivo muscle mitochondrial energetics in 764 older adults (mean age = 76.4, 56.5% women, and 85.9% non-Hispanic White) by high-resolution respirometry of permeabilized muscle fibers. We estimated the proportional odds ratio (POR [95% CI]) for the likelihood of greater multimorbidity (4 levels: 0 conditions, N = 332; 1 condition, N = 299; 2 conditions, N = 98; or 3+ conditions, N = 35) from an index of 11 conditions, per SD decrement in muscle mitochondrial energetic parameters. Distribution of conditions allowed for testing the associations of maximal muscle energetics with some individual conditions. RESULTS Lower oxidative phosphorylation supported by fatty acids and/or complex I- and II-linked carbohydrates (eg, Max OXPHOSCI+CII) was associated with a greater multimorbidity index score (POR = 1.32 [1.13, 1.54]) and separately with diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.62 [1.26, 2.09]), depressive symptoms (OR = 1.45 [1.04, 2.00]) and possibly chronic kidney disease (OR = 1.57 [0.98, 2.52]) but not significantly with other conditions (eg, cardiac arrhythmia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). CONCLUSIONS Lower muscle mitochondrial bioenergetic capacities were associated with a worse composite multimorbidity index score. Our results suggest that decrements in muscle mitochondrial energetics may contribute to a greater global burden of disease and are more strongly related to some conditions than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Mau
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Terri L Blackwell
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anthony J A Molina
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Paul M Coen
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | | | - Philip A Kramer
- Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sofhia V Ramos
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel E Forman
- Division of Geriatrics and Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Care (GRECC), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bret H Goodpaster
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Frederico G S Toledo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kate A Duchowny
- Social Environment and Health, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lauren M Sparks
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Gafoor F, Ruder M, Kobsar D. Validation of physical activity levels from shank-placed Axivity AX6 accelerometers in older adults. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0290912. [PMID: 38739600 PMCID: PMC11090333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to identify and validate cut-points for measuring physical activity using Axivity AX6 accelerometers positioned at the shank in older adults. Free-living physical activity was assessed in 35 adults aged 55 and older, where each participant wore a shank-mounted Axivity and a waist-mounted ActiGraph simultaneously for 72 hours. Optimized cut-points for each participant's Axivity data were determined using an optimization algorithm to align with ActiGraph results. To assess the validity between the physical activity assessments from the optimized Axivity cut-points, a leave-one-out cross-validation was conducted. Bland-Altman plots with 95% limits of agreement, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and mean differences were used for comparing the systems. The results indicated good agreement between the two accelerometers when classifying sedentary behaviour (ICC = 0.85) and light physical activity (ICC = 0.80), and moderate agreement when classifying moderate physical activity (ICC = 0.67) and vigorous physical activity (ICC = 0.70). Upon removal of a significant outlier, the agreement was slightly improved for sedentary behaviour (ICC = 0.86) and light physical activity (ICC = 0.82), but substantially improved for moderate physical activity (ICC = 0.81) and vigorous physical activity (ICC = 0.96). Overall, the study successfully demonstrated the capability of the resultant cut-point model to accurately classify physical activity using Axivity AX6 sensors placed at the shank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Gafoor
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Ruder
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dylan Kobsar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Çelik Z, Kafa N, Güzel NA, Köktürk N. The effects of physical activity tele-counseling intervention on physical activity, functional performance, and quality of life in post-COVID-19 conditions: a randomized controlled trial. Expert Rev Respir Med 2024; 18:321-331. [PMID: 38829396 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2024.2363862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of tele-counseling to promote physical activity in COVID-19 survivors at the persistent phase. METHODS Twenty-eight participants who suffered from COVID-19 were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Physical activity counseling was applied according to the transtheoretical model to the intervention group during 20 sessions. Second assessments were performed 6 weeks after the intervention. The physical activity, functional performance (4-meter gait speed; 4-MGS and 5-repetition Sit-To-Stand; STS test), exercise behavioral change and processes, quality of life, fatigue, mental health, severity of symptoms, and dyspnea were evaluated in groups. RESULTS The baseline demographic and clinical outcomes were similar (p > 0.05) except for physical role limitations and general health perceptions in groups. Five-repetition STS, 4-MGS, activity dyspnea, step counts, sitting time, physical role limitations, Exercise Processes of Change Scale (EPCS) total, and behavioral processes scores except for self-liberation significantly improved in the counseling group. Five-repetition STS, 4-MGS improved while dramatic relief, self reevaluation, self-liberation, and EPCS total scores deteriorated in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The tele-counseling intervention contributes to improving physical activity, functional performance, behavioral change, quality of life, and decreasing common problems related to COVID-19. The results of the tele-counseling intervention are promising in post-COVID-19 conditions. TRIAL REGISTRATION (CLINICALTRIALS.GOV) Registration ID: NCT04853966.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Çelik
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nihan Kafa
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nevin A Güzel
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Köktürk
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Nicholson M, Thompson C, Poulus D, Pavey T, Robergs R, Kelly V, McNulty C. Physical Activity and Self-Determination towards Exercise among Esports Athletes. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2024; 10:40. [PMID: 38625433 PMCID: PMC11021385 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-024-00700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esports is competitive video gaming, performed within teams or individually, across multiple genres. Players are required to be sedentary for extended periods and require a high-level of cognitive skills for successful competitive performance. There are conflicting findings within the physical activity research in the esports industry. The aim of this research is to explore self-reported physical activity through accelerometer-assessed physical activity, to gain a better insight into the physical activity behaviours of international e'athletes. METHOD Participants (n = 796) across multiple popular esports games, holding any in-game rank, competing at any level, were recruited. The survey consisted of demographic details, esports experience, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form (IPAQ-LF), and Behavioural Regulations towards Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3). Within a convenience sample, local intervarsity e'athletes (n = 18) were recruited to wear a wrist-worn accelerometer to measure physical activity for 7-days and then complete the survey. Results from the accelerometers were compared to the survey results to explore physical activity reporting within this population. RESULTS When comparing IPAQ-LF to accelerometer data, players significantly over-report moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and weekly MET-min- 1 (p = .018, r = .63 and p ≤ .001, r = .92). The BREQ-3 showed that e'athletes categorised as high physical activity displayed significantly higher levels of intrinsic motivation, when compared to players categorised as low and moderate physical activity. CONCLUSIONS E'athletes significantly over report physical activity time when measured through the IPAQ-LF, suggesting previous surveys may overestimate physical activity and further research is needed. Given the exponential growth of the industry and the level of physical inactivity, esports may contribute to global physical inactivity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Nicholson
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia.
| | - Courtney Thompson
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Health, Faculty of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dylan Poulus
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coolangatta, Queensland, Australia
- Manna Institute, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | - Toby Pavey
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rob Robergs
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vincent Kelly
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Craig McNulty
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Cummings SR, Lui LY, Glynn NW, Mau T, Cawthon PM, Kritchevsky SB, Coen PM, Goodpaster B, Marcinek DJ, Hepple RT, Patel S, Newman AB. Energetics and clinical factors for the time required to walk 400 m: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). J Am Geriatr Soc 2024; 72:1035-1047. [PMID: 38243364 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Walking slows with aging often leading to mobility disability. Mitochondrial energetics has been found to be associated with gait speed over short distances. Additionally, walking is a complex activity but few clinical factors that may be associated with walk time have been studied. METHODS We examined 879 participants ≥70 years and measured the time to walk 400 m. We tested the hypothesis that decreased mitochondrial energetics by respirometry in muscle biopsies and magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the thigh and is associated with longer time to walk 400 m. We also used cardiopulmonary exercise testing to assess the energetic costs of walking: maximum oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and energy cost-capacity (the ratio of VO2, at a slow speed to VO2peak). In addition, we tested the hypothesis that selected clinical factors would also be associated with 400-m walk time. RESULTS Lower Max OXPHOS was associated with longer walk time, and the association was explained by the energetic costs of walking, leg power, and weight. Additionally, a multivariate model revealed that longer walk time was also significantly associated with lower VO2peak, greater cost-capacity ratio, weaker leg power, heavier weight, hip and knee stiffness, peripheral neuropathy, greater perceived exertion while walking slowly, greater physical fatigability, less moderate-to-vigorous exercise, less sedentary time, and anemia. Significant associations between age, sex, muscle mass, and peripheral artery disease with 400-m walk time were explained by other clinical and physiologic factors. CONCLUSIONS Lower mitochondrial energetics is associated with needing more time to walk 400 m. This supports the value of developing interventions to improve mitochondrial energetics. Additionally, doing more moderate-to-vigorous exercise, increasing leg power, reducing weight, treating hip and knee stiffness, and screening for and treating anemia may reduce the time required to walk 400 m and reduce the risk of mobility disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Cummings
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Li-Yung Lui
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nancy W Glynn
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Theresa Mau
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paul M Coen
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Bret Goodpaster
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - David J Marcinek
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sheena Patel
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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6
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Liu M, Kang N, Zhang Y, Wen E, Mei D, Hu Y, Chen G, Wang D. Influence of motor capacity of the lower extremity and mobility performance on foot plantar pressures in community-dwelling older women. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28114. [PMID: 38560666 PMCID: PMC10979215 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the associations of motor capacity of the lower extremity and mobility performance in daily physical activities with peak foot plantar pressures during walking among older women. Methods Using the data collected among 58 community-dwelling older women (68.66 ± 3.85 years), Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to analyze the associations of motor capacity of the lower extremity (the 30-s chair stand test, the timed one-leg stance with eyes closed, and the Fugl-Meyer assessment of lower extremity), mobility performance in daily physical activities (the average minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day and the metabolic equivalents), and foot plantar pressures (peak force and peak pressure) with the age and body fat percentage as covariates. Results (1) The motor capacity of the lower extremity has higher explanatory power for peak foot plantar pressures compared with the mobility performance in daily physical activities. (2) Higher body fat percentage was positively associated with peak force and pressure, while a lower score on the Fugl-Meyer assessment of lower extremity was negatively associated with both of them. (3) The metabolic equivalents were positively associated with the peak force, while the 30-s chair stand test was negatively associated with it. Conclusions Mobility performance in daily physical activities can be significant predictors for peak foot plantar pressures among older women. The significant predictor variables include the Fugl-Meyer assessment of lower extremity, the 30-s chair stand test, and metabolic equivalents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ning Kang
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yalu Zhang
- School of Social Welfare, Stony Brook University, New York, 11794, United States
| | - Erya Wen
- Department of Physical Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Donghui Mei
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yizhe Hu
- Department of Physical Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dongmin Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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Martins CF, Silva L, Soares J, Pinto GS, Abrantes C, Cardoso L, Pires MA, Sousa H, Mota MP. Walk or be walked by the dog? The attachment role. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:684. [PMID: 38438977 PMCID: PMC10913448 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human-animal bond has been recognized as having positive effects on the health and well-being of both humans and pets. The present study aims to explore the influence of attachment on physical activity (PA), lifestyle, and health outcomes of dog owners (DO), highlighting the mutual benefits resulting from the relationship between DO and dogs. METHODS Thirty-eight DO and their dogs participated in this study. Socio-demographic data, the Self-Rated Health (SRH), FANTASTICO Lifestyle Scale, and the Lexington Attachment Pet Scale (LAPS) were assessed. PA was measured in both the DO and the dogs, using an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer in the context of daily routine. Descriptive statistics and Spearman rank correlation analyses were performed to examine the associations between LAPS, PA levels, socio-demographic variables, lifestyle behaviors, and SRH. RESULTS Significant correlations were found between the dog owners' light-level PA and the pets' vigorous level of PA (rho = 0.445, p = 0.01). Furthermore, the importance of the pets' health (rho = -0.785, p = 0.02) and the LAPS subscales, namely proximity (rho = 0.358, p = 0.03), and attachment (rho = 0.392, p = 0.01), were related to taking the pet for a walk. Regarding lifestyle, DO with a healthier lifestyle had a better self-assessment of their health using the SRH (rho = 0.39, p = 0.02). Moreover, DO with better lifestyles also exhibited greater concern for their pet's health (rho = 0.398, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study emphasizes that individuals who adopt healthier habits tend to perceive themselves as healthier and exhibit greater concern for their pets' health. The attachment between DO and dogs is important in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors and engagement in PA. Our results highlight that the presence of a dog is associated with a higher level of PA in DO, depending on the strength of the human-animal bond.
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Grants
- NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078 This work was funded by the R&D&I project "oneHcancer- One health approach in animal cancer", the operation no.: NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTE 2020 (North Portugal Regional Operational Program 2014/2020).
- NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078 This work was funded by the R&D&I project "oneHcancer- One health approach in animal cancer", the operation no.: NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTE 2020 (North Portugal Regional Operational Program 2014/2020).
- NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078 This work was funded by the R&D&I project "oneHcancer- One health approach in animal cancer", the operation no.: NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTE 2020 (North Portugal Regional Operational Program 2014/2020).
- NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078 This work was funded by the R&D&I project "oneHcancer- One health approach in animal cancer", the operation no.: NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTE 2020 (North Portugal Regional Operational Program 2014/2020).
- NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078 This work was funded by the R&D&I project "oneHcancer- One health approach in animal cancer", the operation no.: NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTE 2020 (North Portugal Regional Operational Program 2014/2020).
- NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078 This work was funded by the R&D&I project "oneHcancer- One health approach in animal cancer", the operation no.: NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTE 2020 (North Portugal Regional Operational Program 2014/2020).
- NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078 This work was funded by the R&D&I project "oneHcancer- One health approach in animal cancer", the operation no.: NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTE 2020 (North Portugal Regional Operational Program 2014/2020).
- NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078 This work was funded by the R&D&I project "oneHcancer- One health approach in animal cancer", the operation no.: NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTE 2020 (North Portugal Regional Operational Program 2014/2020).
- NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078 This work was funded by the R&D&I project "oneHcancer- One health approach in animal cancer", the operation no.: NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTE 2020 (North Portugal Regional Operational Program 2014/2020).
- This work was funded by the R&D&I project “oneHcancer– One health approach in animal cancer”, the operation no.: NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000078, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTE 2020 (North Portugal Regional Operational Program 2014/2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina F Martins
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os- Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Luís Silva
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os- Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Jorge Soares
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os- Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Graça S Pinto
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os- Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Catarina Abrantes
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os- Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luís Cardoso
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), UTAD, and Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria A Pires
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), UTAD, and Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Hélder Sousa
- Department of Mathematics (DM), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
- Center for Computational and Stochastic Mathematics (CEMAT), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria P Mota
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os- Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
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Alotaibi MM, Motl RW, Stavrinos D, Snyder SW, Singh H, Lein DH. Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity and Response Inhibition Predict Balance in Adults with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J Clin Med 2024; 13:968. [PMID: 38398282 PMCID: PMC10889301 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13040968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Some evidence indicates that adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may have balance impairments. This study examined the associations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), response inhibition (RI), and static balance in this population while off and on psychostimulant medication (PS). Methods: Participants (n = 40; 30 females; M age = 29.0; SD = 6.3 years) wore an ActiGraph GT9X-link around their waist to estimate MVPA levels (minutes/day). To assess RI, participants completed the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) subtests Trail-Making Test (TMT) and Color-Word Interference Test (CWIT). To evaluate static balance, participants completed postural sway area (cm2) assessments in four conditions: feet-apart eyes-open (FAEO), feet-apart eyes-closed (FAEC), feet-together eyes-open (FTEO), and feet-together eyes-closed (FTEC). Participants also completed the single-leg standing tests (seconds) with eyes open (SLEO) and with eyes closed (SLEC). Results: When off medication, MVPA significantly predicted SLEC (β = 0.30; p = 0.017). MVPA and TMT significantly predicted FTEO, explaining ~19% of the variance in FTEO; both MVPA and TMT were significant predictors (β = -0.33, p = 0.027 and β = -0.31, p = 0.039, respectively). When on medication, TMT significantly predicted FAEC (β = 0.17; p = 0.047). Conclusions: MVPA and RI may be effective parameters in predicting static balance in adults with ADHD when off medication only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour M. Alotaibi
- Department of Rehabilitation, College of Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar 73213, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar 73213, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert W. Motl
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 61820, USA;
| | - Despina Stavrinos
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA;
| | - Scott W. Snyder
- Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - Harshvardhan Singh
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (H.S.); (D.H.L.J.)
| | - Donald H. Lein
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (H.S.); (D.H.L.J.)
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Clanchy K, Stanfield M, Smits E, Liimatainen J, Ritchie C. Calibration and validation of physical behaviour cut-points using wrist-worn ActiGraphs for children and adolescents: A systematic review. J Sci Med Sport 2024; 27:92-104. [PMID: 38087661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review cut-points calibrated and independently validated from wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometers to measure moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and time spent sedentary (SED) in children and adolescents. DESIGN Systematic literature review. METHODS Five databases were searched for relevant cut-point calibration and independent validation studies relating to wrist worn ActiGraphs in children and adolescents from inception through 30 April 2022. Extracted data included: country of publication; study name; population; device model; wear location; sampling frequency; epoch length; activity protocol; criterion method and definitions used to classify PA intensity; statistical methods for calibration; statistical methods for validation/cross-validation; and MVPA and SED outcome. RESULTS Fourteen calibration studies and seven independent validation studies were identified. Calibrated cut-points for MVPA vector magnitude counts ranged from 7065 to 9204 counts per minute (cpm) and 63.5 to 201 milli-gravitational units (mg). For SED, calibrated cut-points ranged from <2556 cpm to 4350 cpm and 30.8 to 48.1 mg. Classification accuracy values determined by independent validation studies varied, with kappa values ranging from 0.31 to 0.60 and area under the curve statistics ranging from 0.51 to 0.84 for MVPA and kappa values ranging from 0.31 to 0.44 and area under the curve statistics ranging from 0.70 to 0.85 for SED. CONCLUSIONS The results of this systematic literature review support the use of the Crouter and colleagues cut-points for the measurement of MVPA and SED for children and adolescents aged 6-12 years. Further work is required to independently validate cut-points developed in younger children and older adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Clanchy
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Australia; Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Australia.
| | - Matthew Stanfield
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Esther Smits
- RECOVER Injury Research Centre and National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Centre for Research Excellence: Better Health Outcomes After Compensable Injury, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Jenna Liimatainen
- RECOVER Injury Research Centre and National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Centre for Research Excellence: Better Health Outcomes After Compensable Injury, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Carrie Ritchie
- RECOVER Injury Research Centre and National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Centre for Research Excellence: Better Health Outcomes After Compensable Injury, University of Queensland, Australia
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Cummings SR, Lui LY, Glynn NW, Mau T, Cawthon PM, Kritchevsky SB, Coen PM, Goodpaster B, Marcinek DJ, Hepple RT, Patel S, Newman AB. Energetics and Clinical Factors for the Time Required to Walk 400 Meters The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.10.23298299. [PMID: 37986884 PMCID: PMC10659495 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.10.23298299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Walking slows with aging often leading to mobility disability. Mitochondrial energetics has been found to influence gait speed over short distances. Additionally, walking is a complex activity but few clinical factors that may influence walk time have been studied. Methods We examined 879 participants ≥70 years and measured the time to walk 400m. We tested the hypothesis that decreased mitochondrial energetics by respirometry in muscle biopsies and magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the thigh, is associated with longer time to walk 400m. We also used cardiopulmonary exercise testing to assess the energetic costs of walking: maximum oxygen consumption (VO 2 peak) and energy cost-capacity (the ratio of VO2, at a slow speed to VO 2 peak). In addition, we tested the hypothesis that selected clinical factors would also be associated with 400m walk time. Results Lower Max OXPHOS was associated with longer walk time and the association was explained by the energetics costs of walking, leg power and weight. Additionally, a multivariate model revealed that longer walk time was also significantly associated with lower VO 2 peak, greater cost-capacity ratio, weaker leg power, heavier weight, hip and knee stiffness, peripheral neuropathy, greater perceived exertion while walking slowly, greater physical fatigability, less moderate-to-vigorous exercise, less sedentary time and anemia. Significant associations between age, sex, muscle mass, and peripheral artery disease with 400m walk time were explained by other clinical and physiologic factors. Conclusions Lower mitochondrial energetics is associated with needing more time to walk 400m. This supports the value of developing interventions to improve mitochondrial energetics. Additionally, doing more moderate-to-vigorous exercise, increasing leg power, reducing weight, treating hip and knee stiffness, and screening for and treating anemia may reduce the time required to walk 400m and reduce the risk of mobility disability.
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11
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Cummings SR, Newman AB, Coen PM, Hepple RT, Collins R, Kennedy, MS K, Danielson M, Peters K, Blackwell T, Johnson E, Mau T, Shankland EG, Lui LY, Patel S, Young D, Glynn NW, Strotmeyer ES, Esser KA, Marcinek DJ, Goodpaster BH, Kritchevsky S, Cawthon PM. The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA): A Unique Cohort Study About the Cellular Biology of Aging and Age-related Loss of Mobility. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:2083-2093. [PMID: 36754371 PMCID: PMC10613002 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) aims to understand the biological basis of many facets of human aging, with a focus on mobility decline, by creating a unique platform of data, tissues, and images. METHODS The multidisciplinary SOMMA team includes 2 clinical centers (University of Pittsburgh and Wake Forest University), a biorepository (Translational Research Institute at Advent Health), and the San Francisco Coordinating Center (California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute). Enrollees were age ≥70 years, able to walk ≥0.6 m/s (4 m); able to complete 400 m walk, free of life-threatening disease, and had no contraindications to magnetic resonance or tissue collection. Participants are followed with 6-month phone contacts and annual in-person exams. At baseline, SOMMA collected biospecimens (muscle and adipose tissue, blood, urine, fecal samples); a variety of questionnaires; physical and cognitive assessments; whole-body imaging (magnetic resonance and computed tomography); accelerometry; and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Primary outcomes include change in walking speed, change in fitness, and objective mobility disability (able to walk 400 m in 15 minutes and change in 400 m speed). Incident events, including hospitalizations, cancer diagnoses, fractures, and mortality are collected and centrally adjudicated by study physicians. RESULTS SOMMA exceeded its goals by enrolling 879 participants, despite being slowed by the COVID-19 pandemic: 59.2% women; mean age 76.3 ± 5.0 years (range 70-94); mean walking speed 1.04 ± 0.20 m/s; 15.8% identify as other than Non-Hispanic White. Over 97% had data for key measurements. CONCLUSIONS SOMMA will provide the foundation for discoveries in the biology of human aging and mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Cummings
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul M Coen
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Robin Collins
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kimberly Kennedy, MS
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine and the Sticht Center for Healthy aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michelle Danielson
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathy Peters
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Terri Blackwell
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Eileen Johnson
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Theresa Mau
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Eric G Shankland
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Li-Yung Lui
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sheena Patel
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Dani Young
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nancy W Glynn
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elsa S Strotmeyer
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - David J Marcinek
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Bret H Goodpaster
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Stephen Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine and the Sticht Center for Healthy aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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12
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Ritchie C, Smits E, Armfield N, Sterling M. Objectively and subjectively measured physical activity levels in individuals with whiplash associated disorder and aged-matched healthy controls. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292629. [PMID: 37796865 PMCID: PMC10553333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whiplash associated disorders (WAD) are the most common non-hospitalised injuries resulting from a motor vehicle crash. Half of individuals with WAD experience ongoing pain and disability. Furthermore, individuals with persistent WAD have lower levels of aerobic capacity and isometric strength compared with age-matched controls. It is not known whether these differences are associated with increased levels of pain and disability, or with reduced physical activity (PA) participation. OBJECTIVE Our primary aim was to compare PA levels in individuals with persistent WAD with healthy controls. Secondary aims were to: compare objective and subjective measurements of PA; explore factors that may influence PA; and describe proportions of these populations meeting World Health Organisation PA guidelines. METHODS Objective (ActiGraph accelerometer; seven days) and subjective (International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)) PA data were collected for n = 53 age-matched participants (WAD n = 28; controls n = 25). RESULTS Independent sample t-tests showed no significant difference in objectively measured PA (p>0.05) between WAD and controls. For the subjective measure (IPAQ), controls reported more overall weekly PA (t = 0.219, p<0.05), while WAD participants reported more weekly walking minutes (t = -0.712, p<0.05). Linear regression showed mental health quality-of-life predicted objectively measured moderate intensity PA (R2 = 0.225, F (2, 44) = 6.379, p<0.004) and subjectively reported overall PA (R2 = 0.132, F (1, 41) = 6.226, p<0.017). Bland-Altman analyses indicated that subjects over-reported MVPA and under-reported sedentary time using the IPAQ. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with WAD had levels of physical and mental health quality-of-life significantly lower than controls and below population norms yet participated in similar levels of PA. Given that increased perceptions of mental health quality-of-life were positively associated with objectively measured MVPA and subjectively reported overall PA, strategies to help people with WAD achieve adequate doses of MVPA may be beneficial. ActiGraph-measured and IPAQ-reported PA were discordant. Hence, IPAQ may not be a reliable measure of habitual PA in WAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Ritchie
- RECOVER Injury Research Centre and National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Centre for Research Excellence: Better Health Outcomes After Compensable Injury, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Esther Smits
- RECOVER Injury Research Centre and National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Centre for Research Excellence: Better Health Outcomes After Compensable Injury, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nigel Armfield
- RECOVER Injury Research Centre and National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Centre for Research Excellence: Better Health Outcomes After Compensable Injury, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michele Sterling
- RECOVER Injury Research Centre and National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Centre for Research Excellence: Better Health Outcomes After Compensable Injury, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Hughes A, Francis T, Marjoram L, Rooney JH, Ellison-Hughes G, Pollock R, Curtis MJ, Cape A, Larsen M, Phillips BE, Atherton PJ, Smith K, Witard OC. The effect of combined β-lactoglobulin supplementation and resistance exercise training prior to limb immobilisation on muscle protein synthesis rates in healthy young adults: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2023; 24:401. [PMID: 37312095 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07329-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The decline in skeletal muscle mass experienced following a short-term period (days to weeks) of muscle disuse is mediated by impaired rates of muscle protein synthesis (MPS). Previous RCTs of exercise or nutrition prehabilitation interventions designed to mitigate disuse-induced muscle atrophy have reported limited efficacy. Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate the impact of a complex prehabilitation intervention that combines β-lactoglobulin (a novel milk protein with a high leucine content) supplementation with resistance exercise training on disuse-induced changes in free-living integrated rates of MPS in healthy, young adults. METHODS/DESIGN To address this aim, we will recruit 24 healthy young (18-45 years) males and females to conduct a parallel, double-blind, 2-arm, randomised placebo-controlled trial. The intervention group will combine a 7-day structured resistance exercise training programme with thrice daily dietary supplementation with 23 g of β-lactoglobulin. The placebo group will combine the same training programme with an energy-matched carbohydrate (dextrose) control. The study protocol will last 16 days for each participant. Day 1 will be a familiarisation session and days 2-4 will be the baseline period. Days 5-11 represent the 'prehabilitation period' whereby participants will combine resistance training with their assigned dietary supplementation regimen. Days 12-16 represent the muscle disuse-induced 'immobilisation period' whereby participants will have a single leg immobilised in a brace and continue their assigned dietary supplementation regimen only (i.e. no resistance training). The primary endpoint of this study is the measurement of free-living integrated rates of MPS using deuterium oxide tracer methodology. Measurements of MPS will be calculated at baseline, over the 7-day prehabilitation period and over the 5-day immobilisation period separately. Secondary endpoints include measurements of muscle mass and strength that will be collected on days 4 (baseline), 11 (end of prehabilitation) and 16 (end of immobilisation). DISCUSSION This novel study will establish the impact of a bimodal prehabilitation strategy that combines ß-lactoglobulin supplementation and resistance exercise training in modulating MPS following a short-term period of muscle disuse. If successful, this complex intervention may be translated to clinical practice with application to patients scheduled to undergo, for example, hip or knee replacement surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05496452. Registered on August 10, 2022. PROTOCOL VERSION 16-12-2022/1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix Hughes
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Francis
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lindsey Marjoram
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jessica H Rooney
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ross Pollock
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael J Curtis
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Angela Cape
- Clinical Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Kenneth Smith
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Oliver C Witard
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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Rey-López JP, Lee DH, Ferrari G, Giovannucci E, Rezende LFM. Physical Activity Intensity Measurement and Health: State of the Art and Future Directions for Scientific Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6027. [PMID: 37297631 PMCID: PMC10252504 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20116027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity guidelines for health recommend any type of unstructured physical activity for health promotion. Adults should perform at least 150-300 min per week of moderate intensity or 75-150 min per week of vigorous intensity activities, or an equivalent combination of the two intensities. However, the relationship between physical activity intensity and longevity remains a debated topic, with conflicting perspectives offered by epidemiologists, clinical exercise physiologists or anthropologists. This paper addresses the current known role of physical activity intensity (in particular vigorous versus moderate intensity) on mortality and the existing problems of measurement. Given the diversity of existing proposals to categorize physical activity intensity, we call for a common methodology. Device-based physical activity measurements (e.g., wrist accelerometers) have been proposed as a valid method to measure physical activity intensity. An appraisal of the results reported in the literature, however, highlights that wrist accelerometers have not yet demonstrated sufficient criterion validity when they are compared to indirect calorimetry. Novel biosensors and wrist accelerometers will help us understand how different metrics of physical activity relates to human health, however, all these technologies are not enough mature to provide personalized applications for healthcare or sports performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Rey-López
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad International de Valencia (VIU), 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Faculty of Sports, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170022, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leandro F. M. Rezende
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04023-900, Brazil
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Teixeira A, Gabriel R, Martinho J, Oliveira I, Santos M, Pinto G, Moreira H. Distance to Natural Environments, Physical Activity, Sleep, and Body Composition in Women: An Exploratory Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3647. [PMID: 36834342 PMCID: PMC9967458 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that living close to nature is associated with better health and well-being. However, the literature still lacks studies analyzing the benefits of this proximity for sleep and obesity, particularly in women. The purpose of this study was to explore how distance to natural spaces is reflected in women's physical activity, sleep, and adiposity levels. The sample consisted of 111 adult women (37.78 ± 14.70). Accessibility to green and blue spaces was assessed using a geographic-information-system-based method. Physical activity and sleep parameters were measured using ActiGraph accelerometers (wGT3X-BT), and body composition was assessed using octopolar bioimpedance (InBody 720). Nonlinear canonical correlation analysis was used to analyze the data. Our findings reveal that women living in green spaces close to their homes had lower levels of obesity and intra-abdominal adiposity. We also demonstrated that a shorter distance to green spaces seemed to correlate with better sleep onset latency. However, no relationship was found between physical activity and sleep duration. In relation to blue spaces, the distance to these environments was not related to any health indicator analyzed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Teixeira
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ronaldo Gabriel
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José Martinho
- Department of Geology, Geociencies Centre (CGeo), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Irene Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Mathematics, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Center for Computational and Stochastic Mathematics (CEMAT-IST), Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mário Santos
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory of Fluvial and Terrestrial Ecology, Innovation and Development Center, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão, Rua do Comercio, 100, Buriticupu 65393-000, MA, Brazil
| | - Graça Pinto
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Helena Moreira
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Teixeira A, Gabriel R, Martinho J, Santos M, Faria A, Oliveira I, Moreira H. Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Relationship With Nature Visits, Connectedness to Nature and Physical Activity. Am J Health Promot 2023; 37:12-29. [PMID: 35953073 PMCID: PMC9755701 DOI: 10.1177/08901171221119089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine the association of visits to the natural environment, connectedness to nature, physical activity, and the adoption of pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) in individuals aged 18 years or older. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING City of Vila Real, located in the north of Portugal. SUBJECTS We recruited 194 individuals (61 men and 133 women) aged 18-75 years. MESURES A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure nature visits, connectedness to nature, PEBs, and demographic characteristics. Neighborhood green space was appreciated through a Simplified Land Occupation Map and physical activity was measured using ActiGraph accelerometers (wGT3X-BT). ANALYSIS Correlations and nonlinear canonical correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The coefficients of canonical and multiple correlations were calculated. RESULTS Nature visits were associated with involvement in environmental volunteering (V = .317, P ≤ .05) among men. In these, higher levels of moderate-vigorous PA were associated with green travel behavior (η2 = .325, P ≤ .05). Connectedness with nature was related (P ≤ .05) to private sphere behaviors, such as purchase of eco-products (η2 = .191) and local/seasonal products (η2 = .186) in females and encouraging care and protection of natural environment (η2 = .336, P ≤ .01) in males. CONCLUSIONS Nature visits, connection to nature, and physical activity levels were related to the adoption of PEBs in the private and public sphere, and these relationships differed between men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Teixeira
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal,Andreia Teixeira, Departamento de Ciências do Desporto, Exercício e Saúde, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal.
| | - Ronaldo Gabriel
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José Martinho
- Geosciences Centre (CGeo), Department of Geology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Mário Santos
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Laboratory of Applied Ecology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Aurélio Faria
- Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Department of Sport Science, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Irene Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Mathematics, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal,Center for Computational and Stochastic Mathematics, CEMAT-IST-UL, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Moreira
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB) Department of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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Clark C, Rivas E, Gonzales JU. Six nights of sleep extension increases regional cerebral oxygenation without modifying cognitive performance at rest or following acute aerobic exercise. J Sleep Res 2022; 31:e13582. [PMID: 35266244 PMCID: PMC9458765 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Long sleep durations (≥540 min) are associated with poor cognitive performance in ageing adults, but the underlying cause is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of extended sleep on cognitive performance and cerebral vascular function before and then after aerobic exercise. In all, 12 adults completed 6 nights of 8- (control) and 10+-h (sleep extension) time in bed in a randomised, crossover experiment. Sleep was measured using wrist actigraphy. On the last day of each time in bed protocol, participants performed three bouts of brisk walking. Sustained attention, spatial rotation ability, mental flexibility, and working memory were assessed, while prefrontal oxygen saturation index (ΔTSI) was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy. A two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (time in bed × before/after exercise) was used for statistical analysis. Average sleep duration was longer following sleep extension as compared to control, at a mean (SD) of 551 (16) versus 428 (20) min (p < 0.001). Sleep extension did not alter cognitive performance as compared to control, but increased ΔTSI during tests of spatial rotation ability (main effect for time in bed, p = 0.03), mental flexibility (p = 0.04), and working memory (p < 0.01). Cognitive performance was improved (main effect for exercise, p < 0.05) following brisk walking for all cognitive domains except sustained attention with no interaction with time in bed. In summary, 6 nights of extended time in bed accompanied by long sleep durations does not impair cognitive performance at rest or alter the positive effect of acute aerobic exercise on cognition but may increase frontal cerebral oxygenation during cognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cayla Clark
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eric Rivas
- H-3PO Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joaquin U. Gonzales
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
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18
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A Comparative Study on the Suitability and Treatment Compliance of an Improved Wristband Wearing Method Compared with the Traditional Method. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6789292. [PMID: 35799647 PMCID: PMC9256326 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6789292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Wristband identification (wristband for short) is an accurate and reliable tool for patients, and it is the basic requirement of the whole medical activity of the hospital. Wearing wristband correctly can help clinical medical staff to identify patients quickly and accurately and effectively prevent medical errors and medical accidents. According to the survey, the wristband wearing rate of clinical patients is still low, mainly because the wristband is tight and improper and the medical staff education is not in place. Therefore, how to scientifically and effectively improve the wearing rate and accuracy of patients' wristbands is an urgent nursing safety problem to be solved. Accurate identification of children is the key to ensure the safety of clinical drug use and carry out diagnosis and treatment, and wearing wristbands is the main way to identify children. Objective A case-control study was conducted to explore the suitability and treatment compliance of an enhanced wristband wearing method compared with the traditional method. Methods 260 hospitalized children admitted to our hospital from March 2019 to June 2021 were randomly divided into control group and study group. The control group used a traditional wristband, while the study group used a modified wristband. The existence of wristbands, the recognition speed of medical staff, the clarity of wristband handwriting, and the incidence of skin depression were observed in the two groups. The local skin reaction, wearing rate, incidence of wristband-related adverse events, identity compliance, and family satisfaction of patients with wristband were compared. Results In terms of authentication compliance, the normal authentication frequency of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The score of local skin reaction in the test group was lower than that in the control group, and the skin condition in the test group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The proportion of wristband position, immediate recognition, and clear handwriting in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group in terms of wristband position, recognition speed, clear handwriting, and sunken skin (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of skin depression (P > 0.05). Parents' ratings of satisfaction with treatment and child wearing rates were compared. After the intervention, the parents' satisfaction with diagnosis and treatment in the observation group was 89.23%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (79.23%) (P < 0.05). The score of wearing rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion On the basis of ensuring children's compliance, the improved wristband wearing method can reduce the incidence of wristband shedding and ligature marks, reduce the diagnosis and treatment error rate, enhance the suitability of wearing, enhance the work efficiency of doctors and treaters, and improve the satisfaction of diagnosis and treatment.
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19
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Reliability Study of Inertial Sensors LIS2DH12 Compared to ActiGraph GT9X: Based on Free Code. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050749. [PMID: 35629171 PMCID: PMC9147434 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The study’s purpose was to assess the reliability of the LIS2DH12 in two different positions, using the commercial sensor Actigraph GT9X as a reference instrument. Five participants completed two gait tests on a treadmill. Firstly, both sensors were worn on the wrist and around the thigh. Each test consisted of a 1 min walk for participants to become accustomed to the treadmill, followed by a 2 min trial at ten pre-set speeds. Data from both sensors were collected in real-time. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate the equality of characteristics obtained by both sensors: maximum peaks, minimum peaks, and the mean of the complete signal (sequence of acceleration values along the time) by each axis and speed were extracted to evaluate the equality of characteristics obtained with LIS2DH12 compared to Actigraph. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was extracted, and a standard deviation of the mean was obtained from the data. Our results show that LIS2DH12 measurements present more reliability than Actigraph GT9X, ICC > 0.8 at three axes. This study concludes that LIS2DH12 is as reliable and accurate as Actigraph GT9X Link and, therefore, would be a suitable tool for future kinematic studies.
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20
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Maczák B, Vadai G, Dér A, Szendi I, Gingl Z. Detailed analysis and comparison of different activity metrics. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261718. [PMID: 34932595 PMCID: PMC8691611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Actigraphic measurements are an important part of research in different disciplines, yet the procedure of determining activity values is unexpectedly not standardized in the literature. Although the measured raw acceleration signal can be diversely processed, and then the activity values can be calculated by different activity calculation methods, the documentations of them are generally incomplete or vary by manufacturer. These numerous activity metrics may require different types of preprocessing of the acceleration signal. For example, digital filtering of the acceleration signals can have various parameters; moreover, both the filter and the activity metrics can also be applied per axis or on the magnitudes of the acceleration vector. Level crossing-based activity metrics also depend on threshold level values, yet the determination of their exact values is unclear as well. Due to the serious inconsistency of determining activity values, we created a detailed and comprehensive comparison of the different available activity calculation procedures because, up to the present, it was lacking in the literature. We assessed the different methods by analysing the triaxial acceleration signals measured during a 10-day movement of 42 subjects. We calculated 148 different activity signals for each subject’s movement using the combinations of various types of preprocessing and 7 different activity metrics applied on both axial and magnitude data. We determined the strength of the linear relationship between the metrics by correlation analysis, while we also examined the effects of the preprocessing steps. Moreover, we established that the standard deviation of the data series can be used as an appropriate, adaptive and generalized threshold level for the level intersection-based metrics. On the basis of these results, our work also serves as a general guide on how to proceed if one wants to determine activity from the raw acceleration data. All of the analysed raw acceleration signals are also publicly available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Maczák
- Department of Technical Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Vadai
- Department of Technical Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | - András Dér
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Szendi
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Psychiatry Unit, Kiskunhalas Semmelweis Hospital University Teaching Hospital, Kiskunhalas, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Gingl
- Department of Technical Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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21
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Teixeira A, Gabriel R, Martinho J, Pinto G, Quaresma L, Faria A, Oliveira I, Moreira H. Connectedness to Nature Does Not Explain the Variation in Physical Activity and Body Composition in Adults and Older People. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11951. [PMID: 34831707 PMCID: PMC8619523 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Connectedness to nature (CN) is a significant predictor of pro-environmental behaviours, human health and well-being. However, research on how this connection to the natural world might promote a more active lifestyle and improve body mass composition according to gender is lacking. This study investigated the influence of CN on physical activity (PA) and body composition in adults and older people. We recruited a sample of 219 individuals (77 men and 142 women), and a self-administered questionnaire was used to measure CN and obtain demographic data. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance, and PA was assessed by accelerometry. Correlations and stepwise multiple regressions were used in data analysis. CN's association with other variables was more pronounced in women than in men, and we only identified significant associations with steps/day and body composition. However, this variable would not be included in the regression models that we developed. Adiposity levels and muscle status were significant predictors of PA in women. In both genders, age, percentage of fat mass and fat-free mass were selected as regressors in the models developed for visceral fat area and muscle condition (R2 Adjusted ≥ 0.908).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Teixeira
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ronaldo Gabriel
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - José Martinho
- Geosciences Centre (CGeo), Department of Geology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Graça Pinto
- Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Luís Quaresma
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Aurélio Faria
- Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Department of Sport Science, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal;
| | - Irene Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Mathematics, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Center for Computational and Stochastic Mathematics, CEMAT-IST-UL, University of Lisbon, 1600-214 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Moreira
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Department of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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22
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Porta M, Chiesa M, Fornengo P, Franceschini M, Tricarico L, Mazzeo A, Di Leva A, Bertello S, Clerico A, Oleandri S, Trento M. Detection of real-life activities by a tri-axial accelerometer worn at different body locations: Analysis and interpretation. Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14609. [PMID: 34043833 PMCID: PMC8518063 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Porta
- Laboratory of Clinical PedagogyDepartment of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | | | - Paolo Fornengo
- Laboratory of Clinical PedagogyDepartment of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Marta Franceschini
- Laboratory of Clinical PedagogyDepartment of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Lucia Tricarico
- Laboratory of Clinical PedagogyDepartment of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Aurora Mazzeo
- Laboratory of Clinical PedagogyDepartment of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Anna Di Leva
- Laboratory of Clinical PedagogyDepartment of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | | | | | | | - Marina Trento
- Laboratory of Clinical PedagogyDepartment of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
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23
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Liu F, Wanigatunga AA, Schrack JA. Assessment of Physical Activity in Adults using Wrist Accelerometers. Epidemiol Rev 2021; 43:65-93. [PMID: 34215874 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The health benefits of physical activity have been widely recognized, yet traditional measures of physical activity including questionnaires and category-based assessments of volume and intensity provide only broad estimates of daily activities. Accelerometers have advanced epidemiologic research on physical activity by providing objective and continuous measurement of physical activity in free-living conditions. Wrist-worn accelerometers have become especially popular due to low participant burden. However, the validity and reliability of wrist-worn devices for adults have yet to be summarized. Moreover, accelerometer data provide rich information on how physical activity is accumulated throughout the day, but only a small portion of these rich data have been utilized by researchers. Lastly, new methodological developments that aim to overcome some of the limitations of accelerometers are emerging. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of accelerometry research, with a special focus on wrist-worn accelerometers. We describe briefly how accelerometers work, summarize the validity and reliability of wrist-worn accelerometers, discuss the benefits of accelerometers including measuring light-intensity physical activity, and discuss pattern metrics of daily physical activity recently introduced in the literature. A summary of large-scale cohort studies and randomized trials that implemented wrist-worn accelerometry is provided. We conclude the review by discussing new developments and future directions of research using accelerometers, with a focus on wrist-worn accelerometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.,Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Amal A Wanigatunga
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.,Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Jennifer A Schrack
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.,Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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24
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Bammann K, Thomson NK, Albrecht BM, Buchan DS, Easton C. Generation and validation of ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer cut-points for assessing physical activity intensity in older adults. The OUTDOOR ACTIVE validation study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252615. [PMID: 34081715 PMCID: PMC8174693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of physical activity in older adults is becoming more and more relevant. For evaluation of physical activity recommendations, intensity-specific accelerometer cut-points are utilized. However, research on accelerometer cut-points for older adults is still scarce. The aim of the study was to generate placement-specific cut-points of ActiGraph GT3X+ activity counts and raw measures of acceleration to determine physical activity intensity in older adults. A further aim was to compare the validity of the generated cut-points for a range of different physical activities. The study was a single experimental trial using a convenience sample. Study participants were 20 adults aged 59 to 73 years. Accelerometers were worn at six different placements (one on each wrist, one on each ankle, and two at the hip) and breath-by-breath indirect calorimetry was used as the reference for energy. The experiment comprised of two parts; a) The first required participants to walk on a treadmill at incremental speeds (3.0-5.0 km·h-1), and b) Five different everyday activities (reading, cleaning, shopping, cycling, aerobics) were staged in the laboratory setting. Accelerometer cut-points (activity counts, raw data) were derived for each of the investigated placements by linear regression using the treadmill part. Performance of the cut-points was assessed by applying the cut-points to the everyday activities. We provide cut-points for six placements and two accelerometer metrics in the specific age group. However, the derived cut-points did not outperform published ones. More research and innovative approaches are needed for improving internal and external validity of research results across populations and age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Bammann
- Working group Epidemiology of Demographic Change, Institute for Public Health and Nursing Sciences (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Nicola K. Thomson
- Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Lanarkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Birte Marie Albrecht
- Working group Epidemiology of Demographic Change, Institute for Public Health and Nursing Sciences (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Duncan S. Buchan
- Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Lanarkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Easton
- Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Lanarkshire, United Kingdom
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25
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Ponnada A, Thapa-Chhetry B, Manjourides J, Intille S. Measuring Criterion Validity of Microinteraction Ecological Momentary Assessment (Micro-EMA): Exploratory Pilot Study With Physical Activity Measurement. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e23391. [PMID: 33688843 PMCID: PMC7991987 DOI: 10.2196/23391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is an in situ method of gathering self-report on behaviors using mobile devices. In typical phone-based EMAs, participants are prompted repeatedly with multiple-choice questions, often causing participation burden. Alternatively, microinteraction EMA (micro-EMA or μEMA) is a type of EMA where all the self-report prompts are single-question surveys that can be answered using a 1-tap glanceable microinteraction conveniently on a smartwatch. Prior work suggests that μEMA may permit a substantially higher prompting rate than EMA, yielding higher response rates and lower participation burden. This is achieved by ensuring μEMA prompt questions are quick and cognitively simple to answer. However, the validity of participant responses from μEMA self-report has not yet been formally assessed. Objective In this pilot study, we explored the criterion validity of μEMA self-report on a smartwatch, using physical activity (PA) assessment as an example behavior of interest. Methods A total of 17 participants answered 72 μEMA prompts each day for 1 week using a custom-built μEMA smartwatch app. At each prompt, they self-reported whether they were doing sedentary, light/standing, moderate/walking, or vigorous activities by tapping on the smartwatch screen. Responses were compared with a research-grade activity monitor worn on the dominant ankle simultaneously (and continuously) measuring PA. Results Participants had an 87.01% (5226/6006) μEMA completion rate and a 74.00% (5226/7062) compliance rate taking an average of only 5.4 (SD 1.5) seconds to answer a prompt. When comparing μEMA responses with the activity monitor, we observed significantly higher (P<.001) momentary PA levels on the activity monitor when participants self-reported engaging in moderate+vigorous activities compared with sedentary or light/standing activities. The same comparison did not yield any significant differences in momentary PA levels as recorded by the activity monitor when the μEMA responses were randomly generated (ie, simulating careless taps on the smartwatch). Conclusions For PA measurement, high-frequency μEMA self-report could be used to capture information that appears consistent with that of a research-grade continuous sensor for sedentary, light, and moderate+vigorous activity, suggesting criterion validity. The preliminary results show that participants were not carelessly answering μEMA prompts by randomly tapping on the smartwatch but were reporting their true behavior at that moment. However, more research is needed to examine the criterion validity of μEMA when measuring vigorous activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Ponnada
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Binod Thapa-Chhetry
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Justin Manjourides
- Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stephen Intille
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
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26
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Kwon S, Wan N, Burns RD, Brusseau TA, Kim Y, Kumar S, Ertin E, Wetter DW, Lam CY, Wen M, Byun W. The Validity of MotionSense HRV in Estimating Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity under Free-Living and Simulated Activity Settings. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21041411. [PMID: 33670507 PMCID: PMC7922785 DOI: 10.3390/s21041411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MotionSense HRV is a wrist-worn accelerometery-based sensor that is paired with a smartphone and is thus capable of measuring the intensity, duration, and frequency of physical activity (PA). However, little information is available on the validity of the MotionSense HRV. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the concurrent validity of the MotionSense HRV in estimating sedentary behavior (SED) and PA. A total of 20 healthy adults (age: 32.5 ± 15.1 years) wore the MotionSense HRV and ActiGraph GT9X accelerometer (GT9X) on their non-dominant wrist for seven consecutive days during free-living conditions. Raw acceleration data from the devices were summarized into average time (min/day) spent in SED and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Additionally, using the Cosemed K5 indirect calorimetry system (K5) as a criterion measure, the validity of the MotionSense HRV was examined in simulated free-living conditions. Pearson correlations, mean absolute percent errors (MAPE), Bland–Altman (BA) plots, and equivalence tests were used to examine the validity of the MotionSense HRV against criterion measures. The correlations between the MotionSense HRV and GT9X were high and the MAPE were low for both the SED (r = 0.99, MAPE = 2.4%) and MVPA (r = 0.97, MAPE = 9.1%) estimates under free-living conditions. BA plots illustrated that there was no systematic bias between the MotionSense HRV and criterion measures. The estimates of SED and MVPA from the MotionSense HRV were significantly equivalent to those from the GT9X; the equivalence zones were set at 16.5% for SED and 29% for MVPA. The estimates of SED and PA from the MotionSense HRV were less comparable when compared with those from the K5. The MotionSense HRV yielded comparable estimates for SED and PA when compared with the GT9X accelerometer under free-living conditions. We confirmed the promising application of the MotionSense HRV for monitoring PA patterns for practical and research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunku Kwon
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (S.K.); (R.D.B.); (T.A.B.)
| | - Neng Wan
- Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Ryan D. Burns
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (S.K.); (R.D.B.); (T.A.B.)
| | - Timothy A. Brusseau
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (S.K.); (R.D.B.); (T.A.B.)
| | - Youngwon Kim
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong;
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
| | - Emre Ertin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - David W. Wetter
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (D.W.W.); (C.Y.L.)
| | - Cho Y. Lam
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (D.W.W.); (C.Y.L.)
| | - Ming Wen
- Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Wonwoo Byun
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (S.K.); (R.D.B.); (T.A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-801-585-1119
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27
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Steineck IIK, Ranjan AG, Schmidt S, Norgaard K. Time spent in hypoglycemia is comparable when the same amount of exercise is performed 5 or 2 days weekly: a randomized crossover study in people with type 1 diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:9/1/e001919. [PMID: 33509935 PMCID: PMC7845672 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION People with type 1 diabetes are recommended to exercise regularly. However, limited evidence exists on how frequency and duration of exercise affect the risk of hypoglycemia. The study aimed to compare the percentage of time spent in hypoglycemia between two 5-day periods with different frequency and duration of physical activity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this outpatient randomized crossover study, 26 participants aged 18-65 years with type 1 diabetes for ≥2 years and insulin pump use for ≥1 year were included. After a 7-day observation period, participants completed two 5-day intervention periods separated by a washout period of at least 14 days. One period included five exercise sessions on 5 consecutive days (5S), each consisting of 4 min of resistance training and 30 min of aerobic exercise. Another period included two exercise sessions on 2 days with at least 2 days in between (2S), each consisting of 10 min of resistance training and 75 min of aerobic exercise. During each period, participants performed in total 150 min of aerobic exercise and 20 min of resistance training and wore continuous glucose monitors (Dexcom G6) and accelerometers (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT). RESULTS Twenty insulin pump-treated adults (10 women) with type 1 diabetes completed the study. The baseline median (range) age was 48 (24-64) years, glycated hemoglobin 55 (44-66) mmol/mol, diabetes duration 24 (8-57) years, and body mass index 28.4 (22.3-35.8) kg/m2. No differences were observed between 5S and 2S in the percentage (mean±SD) of time spent below 3.9 mmol/L (3.5%±2.8% vs 4.5%±4.2%, p=0.28), time spent in 3.9-10.0 mmol/L (65.3%±15.0% vs 68.5%±13.6%, p=0.31), time spent above 10.0 mmol/L (31.2%±16.4% vs 27.3%±14.5%, p=0.15), mean glucose (8.7±1.3 mmol/L vs 8.5±1.2 mmol/L, p=0.33) and glycemic variability (35.8%±5.3% vs 35.8%±6.6%, p=0.97). CONCLUSIONS Time spent in hypoglycemia was comparable between the two 5-day periods with different duration and frequency of physical activity. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04089462.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Isa Kristin Steineck
- Diabetes Technology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Syddanmark, Denmark
| | - Ajenthen G Ranjan
- Diabetes Technology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Syddanmark, Denmark
| | - Signe Schmidt
- Diabetes Technology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Norgaard
- Diabetes Technology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
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Montoye AHK, Clevenger KA, Pfeiffer KA, Nelson MB, Bock JM, Imboden MT, Kaminsky LA. Development of cut-points for determining activity intensity from a wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometer in free-living adults. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:2569-2578. [PMID: 32677510 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1794244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent popularity of wrist-worn accelerometers for assessing free-living physical behaviours, there is a lack of user-friendly methods to characterize physical activity from a wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometer. Participants in this study completed a laboratory protocol and/or 3-8 hours of directly observed free-living (criterion measure of activity intensity) while wearing ActiGraph GT9X Link accelerometers on the right hip and non-dominant wrist. All laboratory data (n = 36) and 11 participants' free-living data were used to develop vector magnitude count cut-points (counts/min) for activity intensity for the wrist-worn accelerometer, and 12 participants' free-living data were used to cross-validate cut-point accuracy. The cut-points were: <2,860 counts/min (sedentary); 2,860-3,940 counts/min (light); and ≥3,941counts/min (moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA)). These cut-points had an accuracy of 70.8% for assessing free-living activity intensity, whereas Sasaki/Freedson cut-points for the hip accelerometer had an accuracy of 77.1%, and Hildebrand Euclidean Norm Minus One (ENMO) cut-points for the wrist accelerometer had an accuracy of 75.2%. While accuracy was higher for a hip-worn accelerometer and for ENMO wrist cut-points, the high wear compliance of wrist accelerometers shown in past work and the ease of use of count-based analysis methods may justify use of these developed cut-points until more accurate, equally usable methods can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander H K Montoye
- Clinical Exercise Physiology Program, Ball State University , Muncie, IN, USA.,Integrative Physiology and Health Science Department, Alma College , Alma, MI, USA
| | - Kimberly A Clevenger
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI, USA.,National Cancer Institute , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karin A Pfeiffer
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Joshua M Bock
- Clinical Exercise Physiology Program, Ball State University , Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Mary T Imboden
- Clinical Exercise Physiology Program, Ball State University , Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Leonard A Kaminsky
- Clinical Exercise Physiology Program, Ball State University , Muncie, IN, USA
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