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Kimura T, Mącznik AK, Kinoda A, Yamada Y, Muramoto Y, Katsumata Y, Sato K. Injury prevalence and associated factors among Japanese lacrosse collegiate athletes. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1360639. [PMID: 38504687 PMCID: PMC10948438 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1360639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Sports injuries have a substantial impact on athletes' performance and health. To reduce the risk of an injury occurring, the prevalence, localization, and severity need to be established. Objective To examine the prevalence of sports injuries in collegiate lacrosse athletes. Design Descriptive epidemiological study using online survey design. Setting Japanese universities associated with UNIVAS. Participants A total of 1,689 Japanese collegiate lacrosse athletes, 978 females and 701 males. Main outcome measures Athletes were surveyed on the injuries within the previous year, their severity, localization, and onset characteristics. The support of an athletic trainer and its association with the odds of sustaining an injury was assessed. Factors related to injuries were explored. Results One-year prevalence of injuries was 42%. Male sex, higher year at the university, and support from an athletic trainer were identified as factors related to higher odds of sustaining an injury and practicing at least 5 days per week was associated with lower odds of sustaining an injury. Conclusions Male sex athletes, and athletes at the higher year at university are especially at risk of sustaining a lacrosse injury. The aspects of training (e.g., frequency, volume) should be investigated across the athlete development process to address these findings. Further investigation is needed to determine the extent to which the support of athletic trainers affects both the frequency and severity of injuries in lacrosse athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kazuki Sato
- Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Liu S, Xing L, Wang Q, Xin T, Mao H, Tao Y, Zhao J, Li X, Li C, Li Q, Dou Y, Li Y, Zhang W, Ning B, Song Q. Association Between Early Stage-Related Factors and Mortality in Patients with Exertional Heat Stroke: A Retrospective Study of 214 Cases. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:4629-4638. [PMID: 34429645 PMCID: PMC8380138 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s322910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors involved in the early stage of exertional heat stroke (EHS) that are associated with mortality. METHODS In this retrospective, case-control study, patients from 11 tertiary medical centers in China were enrolled from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2019. Demographic information, underlying diseases, ambient temperature, and relative humidity, clinical manifestations, initial body temperature, time from onset to diagnosis of EHS (including suspected), and the duration of body temperature > 38°C of all enrolled patients were recorded. The occurrence of organ dysfunction within 72 h was evaluated, and in-hospital deaths were recorded. The patients were subsequently divided into a survival group and a non-survival group. The "case" refers to patients in the non-survival group, while the "control" refers to patients without death. RESULTS Of the 214 hospitalized patients with EHS, 183 survived and 31 died, and the overall mortality was 14.49% (31/214). A binary logistic regression showed that only the duration of body temperature > 38°C (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.34-2.42) and the number of organs damaged within 72 h of onset (OR 6.54, 95% CI 2.31-18.56) were statistically significant in terms of risk of death in hospital (p < 0.05). A goodness of fit test produced a p-value of 0.76. According to receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, the areas under the curve (AUC) were 0.989 (95% CI 0.978-1.000; p < 0.05) and 0.936 (95% CI 0.896-0.976; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Of the various factors involved in the early stage of the disease, the duration of high body temperature and the number of organs damaged within 72 h of onset were independent risk factors and predictors associated with death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Liu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Emergency Department, Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Xing
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Emergency, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Emergency Department, Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Xin
- Emergency Department, Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Handing Mao
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Tao
- Health Care Department, Beijing Huangsi Aesthetic Surgery Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinbao Zhao
- Emergency Department, Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Emergency Department, Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The 990th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Zhumadian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Dou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The 909th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Zhangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixin Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The 910th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Quanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Emergency Department, The 900th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Ning
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Air Force Medical Center of China, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Song
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Filep EM, Murata Y, Endres BD, Kim G, Stearns RL, Casa DJ. Exertional Heat Stroke, Modality Cooling Rate, and Survival Outcomes: A Systematic Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2020; 56:E589. [PMID: 33167534 PMCID: PMC7694459 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56110589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review is to synthesize the influence cooling modality has on survival with and without medical complications from exertional heat stroke (EHS) in sport and military populations. Methods and Materials: All peer-reviewed case reports or series involving EHS patients were searched in the following online databases: PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Medline, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, and the Cochrane Library: Central Registry of Clinical Trials. Cooling methods were subdivided into "adequate" (>0.15 °C/min) versus "insufficient" (<0.15 °C/min) based on previously published literature on EHS cooling rates. Results: 613 articles were assessed for quality and inclusion in the review. Thirty-two case reports representing 521 EHS patients met the inclusion criteria. Four hundred ninety-eight (498) patients survived EHS (95.58%) and 23 (4.41%) patients succumbed to complications. Fischer's Exact test on 2 × 2 contingency tables and relative risk ratios were calculated to determine if modality cooling rate was associated with patient outcomes. EHS patients that survived who were cooled with an insufficient cooling rate had a 4.57 times risk of medical complications compared to patients who were treated by adequate cooling methods, regardless of setting (RR = 4.57 (95%CI: 3.42, 6.28)). Conclusions: This is the largest EHS dataset yet compiled that analyzes the influence of cooling rate on patient outcomes. Zero patients died (0/521, 0.00%) when treatment included a modality with an adequate cooling rate. Conversely, 23 patients died (23/521, 4.41%) with insufficient cooling. One hundred seventeen patients (117/521, 22.46%) survived with medical complications when treatment involved an insufficient cooling rate, whereas, only four patients had complications (4/521, 0.77%) despite adequate cooling. Cooling rates >0.15 °C/min for EHS patients were significantly associated with surviving EHS without medical complications. In order to provide the best standard of care for EHS patients, an aggressive cooling rate >0.15 °C/min can maximize survival without medical complications after exercise-induced hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica M. Filep
- Korey Stringer Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA; (B.D.E.); (G.K.); (R.L.S.); (D.J.C.)
| | - Yuki Murata
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
| | - Brad D. Endres
- Korey Stringer Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA; (B.D.E.); (G.K.); (R.L.S.); (D.J.C.)
| | - Gyujin Kim
- Korey Stringer Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA; (B.D.E.); (G.K.); (R.L.S.); (D.J.C.)
| | - Rebecca L. Stearns
- Korey Stringer Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA; (B.D.E.); (G.K.); (R.L.S.); (D.J.C.)
| | - Douglas J. Casa
- Korey Stringer Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA; (B.D.E.); (G.K.); (R.L.S.); (D.J.C.)
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Martínez-Sanz JM, Fernández Nuñez A, Sospedra I, Martínez-Rodríguez A, Domínguez R, González-Jurado JA, Sánchez-Oliver AJ. Nutrition-Related Adverse Outcomes in Endurance Sports Competitions: A Review of Incidence and Practical Recommendations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17114082. [PMID: 32521666 PMCID: PMC7312487 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
During the last few years, the numbers of competitors in endurance and ultra-endurance sports modalities have increased significantly. This type of competition is an extreme challenge for athletes. Therefore, they have an increased the risk of developing medical and nutritional problems. The aim of the work is to estimate the incidence of nutrition-related adverse outcomes in endurance and ultra-endurance sports, considering the variables that influence them. A critical review was carried out based on the PubMed database, by means of a search strategy based on keywords separated by Boolean connectors. For all the results obtained in a period from 2008 to 2019, a series of inclusion/exclusion criteria was applied to select only the studies that fitted the objective of the present study. Results and discussion: Of the 871 publications identified, 33 met the inclusion criteria. The adverse outcomes found included exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH), heat stroke by exertion (EHS), gastrointestinal (GI) problems, dehydration, and hypothermia; the provision of misinformation to athletes about nutrient intake and hydration during competition was identified as the main cause. Conclusions: The main adverse outcomes in endurance and ultra-endurance sports modalities are EAH, GI inconveniences, and EHS. These problems can affect the performance and health status of the athlete during and post-competition. Several nutritional guidelines have been suggested that can prevent these adverse outcomes, and it is essential to individualize and adjust the nutritional intake and hydration status according to the characteristics of each competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Miguel Martínez-Sanz
- Departamento de Enfermería, Grupo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición (ALINUT), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (J.M.M.-S.); (I.S.)
| | - Ana Fernández Nuñez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Isabel Sospedra
- Departamento de Enfermería, Grupo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición (ALINUT), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (J.M.M.-S.); (I.S.)
| | - Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Sciences Faculty, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
| | - José Antonio González-Jurado
- Facultad del Deporte, Universidad Pablo Olavide de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-651-517-571
| | - Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain;
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Liu SY, Song JC, Mao HD, Zhao JB, Song Q. Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of heat stroke in China. Mil Med Res 2020; 7:1. [PMID: 31928528 PMCID: PMC6956553 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-019-0229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stroke (HS) is a fatal disease caused by thermal damage in the body, and it has a very high mortality rate. In 2015, the People's Liberation Army Professional Committee of Critical Care Medicine published the first expert consensus on HS in China, Expert consensus on standardized diagnosis and treatment for heat stroke. With an increased understanding of HS and new issues that emerged during the HS treatment in China in recent years, the 2015 consensus no longer meet the requirements for HS prevention and treatment. It is necessary to update the consensus to include the latest research evidence and establish a new consensus that has broader coverage, is more practical and is more in line with China's national conditions. This new expert consensus includes new concept of HS, recommendations for laboratory tests and auxiliary examinations, new understanding of diagnosis and differential diagnosis, On-site emergency treatment and In-hospital treatment, translocation of HS patients and prevention of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yuan Liu
- Emergency Department, Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jing-Chun Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, No. 908th Hospital of PLA, Nanchang, 360104, China
| | - Han-Ding Mao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jin-Bao Zhao
- Emergency Department, Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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