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Sañudo B, Sanchez-Trigo H, Domínguez R, Flores-Aguilar G, Sánchez-Oliver A, Moral JE, Oviedo-Caro MÁ. A randomized controlled mHealth trial that evaluates social comparison-oriented gamification to improve physical activity, sleep quantity, and quality of life in young adults. Psychol Sport Exerc 2024; 72:102590. [PMID: 38218327 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The integration of gamification in mHealth interventions presents a novel approach to enhance user engagement and health outcomes. This study aims to evaluate whether comparison-oriented gamification can effectively improve various aspects of health and well-being, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and overall quality of life among young adults. METHODS Potential 107 young adults (from 19 to 28 years old) participated in an 8-week trial. Participants were assigned to either a gamified mHealth intervention (LevantApp) with daily leaderboards and progress bars (n = 53, 26 % dropped-out), or a control condition without gamification (n = 52, 29 % dropped-out). Physical activity (number of steps, moderate and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity -MVPA-) and sleep quantity were measured objectively via accelerometry and subjectively using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire(IPAQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire(SBQ), and Short Form Health Survey(SF-36). RESULTS This mHealth intervention with social comparison-oriented gamification significantly improved moderate physical activity to a greater extent than the control group. Additionally, the intervention group showed improvements in the number of steps, moderate physical activity, sedentary time, emotional wellbeing, and social functioning. However, no significant group by time interaction was observed. No significant differences were observed in sleep quality or quantity. CONCLUSION s: The LevantApp gamified mHealth intervention was effective in improving moderate physical activity, physical functioning, and role-emotional in young adults. No significant effects were found on step counts, MVPA or sleep, suggesting that while gamification can enhance specific aspects of physical activity and quality of life, its impact may vary across different outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Sañudo
- Physical Education and Sports Department, University of Seville, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Horacio Sanchez-Trigo
- Physical Education and Sports Department, University of Seville, 41013, Seville, Spain.
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento deportivo, University of Seville, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Sánchez-Oliver
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento deportivo, University of Seville, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - José E Moral
- Physical Education and Sports Department, University of Seville, 41013, Seville, Spain
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Gallego E, Perales JF, Aguasca N, Domínguez R. Determination of emission factors from a landfill through an inverse methodology: Experimental determination of ambient air concentrations and use of numerical modelling. Environ Pollut 2024; 351:124047. [PMID: 38688386 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The application of numeric modelling for determining the impact of landfills needs for reliable emission source data. In this study, a methodology for the characterization of the emission profiles of the different sources present in landfills for emission factors determination, applying an indirect methodology, is presented. Ambient air concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3) were determined in three potentially emission sources in Can Mata landfill (Hostalets de Pierola, Catalonia, Spain): dumping areas, pre-closed zone and leachate reservoir as well as in biogas, for the determination of emission factors. Multi-sorbent bed and Tenax TA tubes were used for a wide range of VOCs sampling, and analysis was conducted through TD-GC/MS. H2S and NH3 were sampled and analysed using Radiello passive samplers. The highest total VOC (TVOC) concentrations were found in dumping areas (0.7-3.5 mg m-3), followed by leachate reservoir (0.3-0.6 mg m-3) and pre-closed area (77-165 μg m-3). On the other hand, the highest H2S and NH3 concentrations were found in leachate reservoir, presenting values of 0.8-1.1 mg m-3 and 1.7-1.8 mg m-3, respectively. With the application of odour thresholds to the concentrations obtained, the most critical compounds regarding odour annoyances were determined. The highest odour units (O.U.) were found in leachate reservoir due to H2S concentrations, whereas VOCs contributed mainly to O.U. in the dumping areas. The obtained ambient air concentrations were used for the indirect determination of the emission factors through numerical modelling using a Eulerian dispersion model. The emission factors obtained for the landfill for TVOC, H2S and NH3 were in the range of 0.44-10.9 g s-1, 0.16-1.02 g s-1 and 0.23-1.82 g s-1, respectively, depending on the emission source. Reliable emission factors are crucial to obtain landfill impact maps, which are essential for the correct management of these facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gallego
- Laboratori Del Centre de Medi Ambient, Escola D'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - J F Perales
- Laboratori Del Centre de Medi Ambient, Escola D'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Aguasca
- Prezero Gestión de Residuos, Dipòsit Controlat de Can Mata, Carretera B-231, 080781, Els Hostalets de Pierola, Spain
| | - R Domínguez
- Prezero Gestión de Residuos, Dipòsit Controlat de Can Mata, Carretera B-231, 080781, Els Hostalets de Pierola, Spain
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Andrés-Benito P, Vázquez-Costa JF, Ñungo Garzón NC, Colomina MJ, Marco C, González L, Terrafeta C, Domínguez R, Ferrer I, Povedano M. Neurodegeneration Biomarkers in Adult Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) Patients Treated with Nusinersen. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3810. [PMID: 38612621 PMCID: PMC11011665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders in adult SMA patients and their potential for monitoring the response to nusinersen. Biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders were assessed in plasma and CSF samples obtained from a total of 30 healthy older adult controls and 31 patients with adult SMA type 2 and 3. The samples were collected before and during nusinersen treatment at various time points, approximately at 2, 6, 10, and 22 months. Using ELISA technology, the levels of total tau, pNF-H, NF-L, sAPPβ, Aβ40, Aβ42, and YKL-40 were evaluated in CSF samples. Additionally, plasma samples were used to measure NF-L and total tau levels using SIMOA technology. SMA patients showed improvements in clinical outcomes after nusinersen treatment, which were statistically significant only in walkers, in RULM (p = 0.04) and HFMSE (p = 0.05) at 24 months. A reduction in sAPPβ levels was found after nusinersen treatment, but these levels did not correlate with clinical outcomes. Other neurodegeneration biomarkers (NF-L, pNF-H, total tau, YKL-40, Aβ40, and Aβ42) were not found consistently changed with nusinersen treatment. The slow progression rate and mild treatment response of adult SMA types 2 and 3 may not lead to detectable changes in common markers of axonal degradation, inflammation, or neurodegeneration, since it does not involve large pools of damaged neurons as observed in pediatric forms. However, changes in biomarkers associated with the APP processing pathway might be linked to treatment administration. Further studies are warranted to better understand these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Andrés-Benito
- Neurologic Diseases and Neurogenetics Group, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Vázquez-Costa
- Neuromuscular Unit and ERN-NMD Group, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and IIS La Fe, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46021 Valencia, Spain
| | - Nancy Carolina Ñungo Garzón
- Neuromuscular Unit and ERN-NMD Group, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and IIS La Fe, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - María J. Colomina
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Bellvitge University Hospital-University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Marco
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Department of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura González
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Department of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Terrafeta
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Department of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Neurologic Diseases and Neurogenetics Group, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Department of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Neuropathology Group, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Povedano
- Neurologic Diseases and Neurogenetics Group, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Department of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
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López-Samanes Á, Pérez-Lopez A, Morencos E, Muñoz A, Kühn A, Sánchez-Migallón V, Moreno-Pérez V, González-Frutos P, Bach-Faig A, Roberts J, Domínguez R. Beetroot juice ingestion does not improve neuromuscular performance and match-play demands in elite female hockey players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1123-1130. [PMID: 36401662 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Beetroot juice is a dietary supplement that contains high levels of inorganic nitrate (NO3-) and that its intake has proven effective at increasing blood nitric oxide (NO) concentrations improving endurance performance. However, the effect of this supplement in team sport performance, especially in female athletes, has been barely studied. This study aimed to compare the acute effects of beetroot juice supplementation on neuromuscular performance and match-play demands in elite female field hockey players. METHODS Eleven elite female hockey players (22.8 ± 5.1 years) belonging to a bronze team medal in Eurohockey Club Champions Cup participated in this study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups undergoing a test battery with beetroot juice (70 mL, 6.4 mmol NO3-) or placebo (70 mL, 0.04 mmol NO3-) in two different days with one week between protocols. The neuromuscular test battery consisted of a countermovement jump, isometric handgrip strength (i.e., dominant hand), 20 m-sprint and repeated sprint ability test (RSA). Afterward, a simulated hockey match play (2 × 12.5 min) was performed and recorded by Global Positioning System (GPS). RESULTS No statistically significant improvements were observed in any physical parameters analysed comparing beetroot juice compared to placebo ingestion, countermovement jump (p = 0.776, ES = 0.16), isometric handgrip strength (p = 0.829; ES = - 0.08), 20 m sprint test (p = 0.227; ES = - 0.23), mean repeated sprint ability (p = 0.955, ES = 0.03) and in any physical match demands measured by GPS (p = 0.243-1.000; ES = 0.02-0.47). CONCLUSION Acute beetroot juice supplementation did not produce any statistically significant improvement in neuromuscular performance or match-play demands in elite female field hockey players. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with the following ID: NCT05209139. The study was retrospectively registered by 26 January 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro López-Samanes
- Exercise Physiology Group, School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria Carretera Pozuelo a Majadahonda, Km 1.800, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alberto Pérez-Lopez
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Área de Educación Física y Deportiva, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Morencos
- Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Muñoz
- Exercise Physiology Group, School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria Carretera Pozuelo a Majadahonda, Km 1.800, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriaan Kühn
- Institute of International Politics, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Violeta Sánchez-Migallón
- Exercise Physiology Group, School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria Carretera Pozuelo a Majadahonda, Km 1.800, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Moreno-Pérez
- Center for Translational Research in Physiotherapy, Department of Pathology and Surgery, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan, Spain
| | - Pablo González-Frutos
- Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Bach-Faig
- FoodLab Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Justin Roberts
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse differences in velocity, distance travelled and manoeuvres performed by Olympic sailors of the RS:X class using a GPS device. Fifty-three Olympic sailors of the RS:X class (28 males and 25 females) who competed in a World Championship were selected. The sample was divided into tertiles (T1, T2 and T3) according to their classification in the competition. Using a GPS device during the competition, mean velocity (VM), velocity made good (VMG), manoeuvres and distances in three different courses (upwind, reaching and downwind) were assessed during a regatta. Significant differences were found based on performance level in upwind (p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.288), sailors of T1 covering a shorter distance compared to those of T2 (p < 0.009) and T3 (p < 0.001). Regarding VMG, an effect was observed for performance level in upwind (p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.718), reaching (p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.469) and downwind (p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.575). Females covered a shorter distance compared to the males in upwind (p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.639) and downwind (p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.903). Distance and VMG are significant variables for establishing differences in performance level among Olympic sailors of the RS:X class when the wind speed is in a range of 8-21 knots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Caraballo
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education. Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (InIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Jose Luis Felipe
- IGOID Research Group, Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Antonio Jesús Sánchez-Oliver
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
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Mora T, Domínguez R, Assialioui A, Paipa A, Moreno R, Corbella X, Martínez-Yelamos A, Povedano M. Direct health costs of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a multidisciplinary ALS unit in Catalonia (Spain). Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2023; 24:133-138. [PMID: 35670332 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2022.2080560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Our research project computed the direct health costs of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a Spanish multidisciplinary unit and explored the main factors associated. Besides analyzing a context with universal health care provision, we used an administrative health care dataset from the most crucial center unit treating ALS in Catalonia (80% of total patients). Our results show that the direct health cost of caring for an ALS patient in our unit was 5,158€per patient/year. This cost was not influenced by the onset of the disease, sex or age, but it increased if the patient lived near our center since this facilitates the frequency of follow-up visits. Finally, the higher the educational level, the lower the direct health costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Mora
- Research Institute for Evaluation and Public Policies (IRAPP), Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Neurology Department, IDIBELL-Hospital de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abdelilah Assialioui
- Neurology Department, IDIBELL-Hospital de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Paipa
- Neurology Department, IDIBELL-Hospital de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Moreno
- Economic and financial management, Hospital de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Corbella
- Internal Medicine Department, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. Hestia Chair on Integrated Health and Social Care, School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mònica Povedano
- Neurology Department, IDIBELL-Hospital de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Caraballo I, Pérez-Bey A, Sánchez-Gómez Á, Domínguez R. Anthropometric characteristics of young elite sailors based on performance level. J Exerc Sci Fit 2023; 21:125-130. [PMID: 36583096 PMCID: PMC9761375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background /Objectives: The aim of the present study was to analyse possible differences in anthropometric characteristics of elite sailors based on categories and performance level. Methods ː A total of 42 young (aged 12-18 years) elite sailors (men = 31; women = 11) of the Monohull (n = 21) and Windsurfing (n = 21) categories composed the study sample. Testing was per-formed in one session the day before the start of an official and international competition. Body composition was measured using an octopolar and multi-frequency electrical bioimpedance analyser, and height was recorded using a telescopic measuring instrument. Cross-sectional study. The total sample was divided into two groups based on their performance level (ranking), 50th percentile (P1), and 100th percentile (P2). Results ː P1 presented a lower BMI, total body fat mass, and body fat mass in the trunk, arms, and legs (p < 0.05). Similarly, P1 reported a higher total body muscle mass and body muscle mass on the trunk, arms, and legs compared to the less level performance group (p < 0.05). In addition, P2 sailors were taller and heavier (p < 0.05). Regarding categories, the Windsurf sailors presented statistically significantly lower arm fat mass than the Monohull (p < 0.05). The Windsurf sailors showed differences between the two performance-level groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, comparing the high-level performance group in both categories, higher arm muscle mass on the Windsurfing sailors was detected (p < 0.05). Conclusions ː These findings could help to differentiate the anthropometric variables that determine sport performance in young elite sailors and could be used to differentiate the anthropometric variables in each category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Jesús Sánchez-Oliver
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil,Ibero-American Network of Researchers in Applied Anthropometry, Almería, Spain
| | - Israel Caraballo
- Galeno Research Group, Department of Physical Education. Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain,Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain,Corresponding author. Galeno Research Group, Department of Physical Education. Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Bey
- Galeno Research Group, Department of Physical Education. Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain,Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ángela Sánchez-Gómez
- Departamento de Enfermería Farmacología y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil,Ibero-American Network of Researchers in Applied Anthropometry, Almería, Spain
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Jiménez-Alfageme R, Domínguez R, Sanchez-Oliver AJ, Tapia-Castillo P, Martínez-Sanz JM, Sospedra I. Analysis of the Consumption of Sports Supplements in Open Water Swimmers According to the Competitive Level. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245211. [PMID: 36558370 PMCID: PMC9783229 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sports supplements (SS) are widely consumed by many types of athletes to improve their performance. These SS are classified according to their level of scientific evidence, by the ABCD system from the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS). In open water swimming, their use may be necessary due to the physiological challenges posed by this sport discipline. However, there is currently little literature on the use of SS in open water swimmers. The aim of this work is to analyze the pattern of consumption of SS by open water swimmers, by studying the differences according to the competitive level (regional vs. national). METHODS Descriptive and cross-sectional study on the consumption and use of SS by federated open water swimmers in Spain in the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 seasons. The data were collected through a validated questionnaire. RESULTS 79.5% of the participants consumed SS, with significant differences according to their level, being higher in athletes at the national level. The most-consumed SS by the swimmers studied were sports drinks, energy bars, caffeine, vitamin C, and vitamin D. CONCLUSIONS It was observed that the consumption of SS in open water swimmers was high, and of the five most-consumed SS, four of them belonged to the category of greatest scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Jiménez-Alfageme
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
- Food and Nutrition Research Group (ALINUT), University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Gasteiz—EUNEIZ, La Biosfera Ibilbidea, 6, 01013 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Food and Nutrition Research Group (ALINUT), University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras 37203-202, Brazil
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Jesús Sanchez-Oliver
- Food and Nutrition Research Group (ALINUT), University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - José Miguel Martínez-Sanz
- Food and Nutrition Research Group (ALINUT), University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Isabel Sospedra
- Food and Nutrition Research Group (ALINUT), University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
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López-Samanes Á, Ramos-Álvarez JJ, Miguel-Tobal F, Gaos S, Jodra P, Arranz-Muñoz R, Domínguez R, Montoya JJ. Influence of Beetroot Juice Ingestion on Neuromuscular Performance on Semi-Professional Female Rugby Players: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223614. [PMID: 36429210 PMCID: PMC9689822 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Beetroot juice (BRJ) is considered an ergogenic aid with good to strong evidence for improving human performance in sport modalities with similar demands to rugby. However, most of the studies were realized in male athletes with limited evidence in female athletes. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the acute ingestion of BRJ in female rugby players. METHODS Fourteen semi-professional female rugby players (25.0 ± 3.7 years) belonging to a team from the First Spanish Female Rugby Division participated in this study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups that realized a neuromuscular battery after BRJ (140mL, 12.8 mmol NO3-) or placebo (PLAC, 140 mL, 0.08 mmol NO3-) ingestion on two different days separated by one week between protocols. The neuromuscular test battery consisted of a countermovement jump (CMJ), isometric handgrip strength (i.e., dominant), 10-m and 30-m sprint, agility t-test and Bronco test. Afterwards, participants reported a rate of perception scale (6-20 points) and side effects questionnaire associated with BRJ or PLAC ingestion. RESULTS Statistically significant improvements were observed in CMJ (7.7%; p = 0.029; ES = 0.62), while no differences were reported in dominant isometric handgrip strength (-1.7%; p = 0.274; ES = -0.20); 10-m and 30-m sprint (0.5-0.8%; p = 0.441-0.588; ES = 0.03-0.18); modified agility t-test (-0.6%; p = 0.503; ES = -0.12) and Bronco test (1.94%; p = 0.459; ES = 0.16). CONCLUSIONS BRJ ingestion could improve neuromuscular performance in the CMJ test, while no differences in sprint (10-m and 30-m sprint test), agility, isometric handgrip strength and endurance performance (i.e., Bronco test) were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro López-Samanes
- Exercise Physiology Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Physiotherapy, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Ramos-Álvarez
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Sport Medicine, Madrid Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913-947-088
| | - Francisco Miguel-Tobal
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Sport Medicine, Madrid Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Gaos
- Exercise Physiology Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Physiotherapy, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Jodra
- Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Alcalá, 19001 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Raquel Arranz-Muñoz
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Sport Medicine, Madrid Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Juan José Montoya
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Sport Medicine, Madrid Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Moreno B, Veiga S, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Domínguez R, Morencos E. Analysis of Sport Supplement Consumption by Competitive Swimmers According to Sex and Competitive Level. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153218. [PMID: 35956394 PMCID: PMC9370690 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sports supplements (SS) are commonly used by athletes to improve their performance. SS use by competitive swimmers is reported to be prevalent but there is no evidence of such use by elite swimmers, either male or female. The objective of this research was to study the patterns of SS use by competitive swimmers based on sex and competitive levels (national and international); Methods: Using the categories of the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), a total of 102 competitive swimmers (59 men and 43 women) completed a validated self-administered questionnaire on the use of SS; (3) Results: Overall, 86.9% of swimmers had consumed SSs with no differences observed between males and females (p = 0.247) or between competitive levels (p = 0.597). The SS that were most consumed by swimmers were caffeine (53.5%), sport drinks (52.5%), sport bars (51.5%), and vitamin C (43.4%). SSs categorized as medical supplements were consumed significantly more frequently by international swimmers (p = 0.012), with significant differences also found in the level—sex interaction (p = 0.049); (4) Conclusions: Compared to other sports disciplines, the prevalence of SS consumption is high in competitive swimmers regardless of performance level or gender. However, the consumption of medical supplements was greater in swimmers at a higher performance level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Moreno
- Exercise Physiology Group, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Veiga
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Esther Morencos
- Exercise Physiology Group, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-709-1400
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11
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Jurado-Castro JM, Campos-Perez J, Ranchal-Sanchez A, Durán-López N, Domínguez R. Acute Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplements on Lower-Body Strength in Female Athletes: Double-Blind Crossover Randomized Trial. Sports Health 2022; 14:812-821. [PMID: 35603411 DOI: 10.1177/19417381221083590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beetroot juice (BRJ) is used as an ergogenic aid, but no previous study has analyzed the effect this supplement has on the production of explosive force and muscular endurance in physically active women. HYPOTHESIS BRJ improves explosive force and muscular endurance in the lower limbs of physically active women. STUDY DESIGN Randomized double-blind crossover study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3. METHODS Fourteen physically active women performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) test, a back squat test for assessing velocity and power at 50% and 75% of one-repetition maximum (1RM), and the number of repetitions on a muscular endurance test consisting of 3 sets at 75% of 1RM in a resistance training protocol comprising 3 exercises (back squat, leg press, and leg extension). The participants performed the test in 2 sessions, 150 minutes after ingesting 70 mL of either BRJ (400 mg of nitrate) or a placebo (PLA). RESULTS A greater maximum height was achieved in the CMJ after consuming BRJ compared with a PLA (P = 0.04; effect size (ES) = 0.34). After a BRJ supplement at 50% 1RM, a higher mean velocity [+6.7%; P = 0.03; (ES) = 0.39 (-0.40 to 1.17)], peak velocity (+6%; P = 0.04; ES = 0.39 [-0.40 to 1.17]), mean power (+7.3%; P = 0.02; ES = 0.30 [-0.48 to 1.08]) and peak power (+6%; P = 0.04; ES = 0.20 [-0.59 to 0.98]) were attained in the back squat test. In the muscular endurance test, BRJ increased performance compared with the PLA (P < 0.00; ηp2 = 0.651). CONCLUSION BRJ supplements exert an ergogenic effect on the ability to produce explosive force and muscular endurance in the lower limbs in physically active women. CLINICAL RELEVANCE If physically active women took a BRJ supplement 120 minutes before resistance training their performance could be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Manuel Jurado-Castro
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Escuela Universitaria de Osuna (Centro Adscrito a la Universidad de Sevilla), Osuna, Spain
| | - Julian Campos-Perez
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Rabanales University Campus, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Ranchal-Sanchez
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Natalia Durán-López
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
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12
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Berjisian E, McGawley K, Saunders B, Domínguez R, Koozehchian MS, de Oliveira CVC, Rafiei R, Miraftabi H, Sarshin A, Naderi A. Acute effects of beetroot juice and caffeine co-ingestion during a team-sport-specific intermittent exercise test in semi-professional soccer players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:52. [PMID: 35351196 PMCID: PMC8966187 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00441-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beetroot juice (BJ) and caffeine (CAF) are considered as ergogenic aids among athletes to enhance performance, however, the ergogenic effects of BJ and CAF co-ingestion are unclear during team-sport-specific performance. This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of BJ and CAF co-ingestion on team-sport-specific performance, compared with placebo (PL), BJ, and CAF alone. METHOD Sixteen semi-professional male soccer players (age: 19.8 ± 2.2 years, body mass: 69.2 ± 6.1 kg, height: 177.3 ± 6.0 cm) completed four experimental trials using a randomized, double-blind study design: BJ + CAF, CAF + PL, BJ + PL, and PL + PL. Countermovement jump with arm swing (CMJAS) performance and cognitive function by Stroop Word-Color test were evaluated before and after the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (YYIR1). Also, rate of perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate, and gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort were measured during each session. RESULTS No significant differences were shown between test conditions for total distance covered in YYIR1 (BJ + CAF: 1858 ± 455 m, CAF + PL: 1798 ± 422 m, BJ + PL: 1845 ± 408 m, PL + PL 1740 ± 362 m; p = 0.55). Moreover, CMJAS performance, cognitive function, and RPE during the YYIR1 were not significantly different among conditions (p > 0.05). However, the average heart rate during the YYIR1 was higher in CAF + PL compared to PL + PL (by 6 ± 9 beats/min; p < 0.05), and GI distress was greater in BJ + CAF compared to PL + PL (by 2.4 ± 3.6 a.u.; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These results suggest, neither acute co-ingestion of BJ + CAF nor BJ or CAF supplementation alone significantly affected team-sport-specific performance compared to the PL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Berjisian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kerry McGawley
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Bryan Saunders
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses, University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Majid S Koozehchian
- Department of Kinesiology, Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, AL, 36265, USA
| | | | - Ramin Rafiei
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Miraftabi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Sarshin
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Alireza Naderi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran.
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Bodaghzadeh A, Alirezalu K, Amini S, Alirezalu A, Domínguez R, Lorenzo J. Fatty acid composition, phytochemicals and antioxidant potential of Capparis spinosa sedes. grasasaceites 2022. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0890201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the contents in bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, oil content and fatty acid composition of Capparis spinosa seeds. Samples were collected from 5 different habitats (AH: Ahar; KU: Kurdistan; U1, U2 and U3: Urmia) in Iran. The oil content in the seeds ranged from 16 to 27%. The predominant fatty acid was linoleic acid (45-50%) followed by oleic acid (30-39%), palmitic acid (2-8%) and stearic acid (2-3%). Total phenolic content (TPC) varied from 16.3 to 24.2 mg GAE/ g DW; total flavonoid content (TFC) ranged from 1.48 to 3.05 mg QE/g DW; and the antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) of the seeds was between 35 and 63%. The compounds obtained from different genotypes of C. spinosa seeds had different compositions, great antioxidant capacity and unsaturated fatty acids, and therefore could be a prospective source of natural bioactive molecules for the food and health industry.
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14
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Tan R, Cano L, Lago-Rodríguez Á, Domínguez R. The Effects of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Explosive Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19020762. [PMID: 35055584 PMCID: PMC8775572 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dietary nitrate supplementation is evidenced to induce physiological effects on skeletal muscle function in fast-twitch muscle fibers and may enhance high-intensity exercise performance. An important component of sport-specific skills is the ability to perform explosive movements; however, it is unclear if nitrate supplementation can impact explosive efforts. We examined the existing evidence to determine whether nitrate supplementation improves explosive efforts lasting ≤ 6 s. PubMed, Scopus and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) were searched for articles using the following search strategy: (nitrate OR nitrite OR beetroot) AND (supplement OR supplementation) AND (explosive OR power OR high intensity OR high-intensity OR sprint* OR “athletic performance”). Out of 810 studies, 18 were eligible according to inclusion criteria. Results showed that 4 of the 10 sprint-type studies observed improved sprint time, power output, and total work in cycling or running, whereas 4 of the 10 resistance-based exercise studies observed improvements to power and velocity of free-weight bench press as well as isokinetic knee extension and flexion at certain angular velocities. These results suggest that nitrate potentially improves explosive exercise performance, but further work is required to clarify the factors influencing the efficacy of nitrate in different exercise modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Tan
- Faculty of Sports Medicine, Natural Sciences Division, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA;
| | - Leire Cano
- Independent Researcher, 48991 Getxo, Spain;
| | - Ángel Lago-Rodríguez
- Movement, Brain and Health Group, Center of Higher Education Alberta Giménez, 07013 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-680-330-105
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil
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15
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Sánchez-Gómez Á, Jurado-Castro JM, Mata F, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Domínguez R. Effects of β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyric Supplementation in Combination with Conservative Non-Invasive Treatments in Athletes with Patellar Tendinopathy: A Pilot Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:471. [PMID: 35010730 PMCID: PMC8744953 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of conservative non-invasive treatments based on eccentric training, stretching and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) supplemented with β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyric (HMB) or placebo (PLAC) on body composition, pain and muscular function (jump ability, muscular power and muscular strength) in athletes with patellar tendinopathy (PT). In a double-blind randomized trial, 8 athletes (4 males and 4 females) performed a physical rehabilitation for 4 weeks. They were randomly divided into two experimental groups (two males and two females in each one) that ingested HMB (HMBG) or PLAC (PLACG). In pre- and post-intervention were assessed body composition, pain, countermovement jump (CMJ), back-squat (BS) for analyzing peak power (W) (PPPP), load (kg) associated to PPPP (PPKG) and mean velocity (m/s) (PPMV) in addition to a 5-RM leg extension tests. An interaction intervention·supplementation (p = 0.049; Ƞ2p = 0.774) was observed in the height reached in the CMJ as an intervention effect in PPPP detected for the HMBG (p = 0.049). In addition, an enhancement in PPKG (p = 0.028; Ƞ2p = 0.842) was detected in the intervention, but not in PPMV, as an increase in the intervention in the 5-RM test (p = 0.001; Ƞ2p = 0.981) was observed. No changes were noted on body composition or pain (p > 0.05). The combination of eccentric training with stretching and ESWT increased concentric muscular power and strength after 4 weeks without changes in body lean mass or pain. In addition, HMB supplementation could enhance the power muscular performance in athletes with PT, optimizing the intervention adaptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Sánchez-Gómez
- Departamento de Enfermería Farmacología y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Jose Manuel Jurado-Castro
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain;
- Centro Adscrito a la Universidad de Sevilla, Escuela Universitaria de Osuna, 41640 Osuna, Spain
| | - Fernando Mata
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Nutrición, 14010 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Antonio Jesús Sánchez-Oliver
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain;
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain;
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil
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Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Martínez Sanz JM, Pérez-López A, Domínguez R. Reformulando la relación nutrición, deporte y fuerza: perspectiva desde la suplementación nutricional ergogénica. Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.14306/renhyd.25.s1.1537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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17
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Ugenti A, Vulpi F, Domínguez R, Cordes F, Milella A, Reina G. On the role of feature and signal selection for terrain learning in planetary exploration robots. J FIELD ROBOT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/rob.22054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Ugenti
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management Polytechnic of Bari Bari Italy
| | - Fabio Vulpi
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management Polytechnic of Bari Bari Italy
- Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing National Research Council Bari Italy
| | | | | | - Annalisa Milella
- Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing National Research Council Bari Italy
| | - Giulio Reina
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management Polytechnic of Bari Bari Italy
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18
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Povedano M, Paipa A, Barceló M, Woodward MK, Ortega S, Domínguez R, Aragonés ME, Horrillo R, Costa M, Páez A. Plasma exchange with albumin replacement and disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a pilot study. Neurol Sci 2021; 43:3211-3221. [PMID: 34791571 PMCID: PMC9018657 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05723-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Plasma exchange (PE) is used to treat a range of neurological disorders. Based on results demonstrated in Alzheimer’s disease, we theorized that PE with albumin replacement (PE-A) might alter the metabolic profile of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by removing disease-inducing molecules. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of PE-A on disease progression in ALS. Methods In this open-label, non-controlled, single-arm, prospective pilot study, 13 adults with ALS had 6 months’ treatment with PE-A 5% and 6 months’ follow-up. Primary endpoints were changes from baseline in the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) score and forced vital capacity (FVC) through 48 weeks. A post hoc analysis compared individual patient data with the expected ALSFRS-R progression slope. Results The median ALSFRS-R score declined throughout the study, although the rate of decline was slower than expected in seven patients at treatment end and in five patients at study end. Six patients remained in the same baseline slope progression category, and four patients improved their slope category at treatment end. Median FVC decreased significantly during the study. Treatment was well tolerated. Of 330 PE-A procedures, 0.9% were associated with potentially related adverse events. Conclusion Although functional impairment progressed, about two-thirds of patients showed a slower than expected rate of decline at treatment end. Most patients had unaltered (54.5%) or reduced (36.4%) ALSFRS-R slope progression at treatment end. Further evaluation of PE-A in controlled studies involving more patients is warranted. EudraCT number 2013-004842-40. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02479802.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Povedano
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Andrés Paipa
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Barceló
- Grifols Bioscience Research Group, Grifols, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sandra Ortega
- Department of Apheresis, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Horrillo
- Grifols Bioscience Research Group, Grifols, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Páez
- Grifols Bioscience Research Group, Grifols, Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Andrés-Benito P, Domínguez R, Colomina MJ, Llorens F, Povedano M, Ferrer I. Correction for: YKL40 in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: cerebrospinal fluid levels as a prognosis marker of disease progression. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:23871. [PMID: 34738920 PMCID: PMC8580344 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pol Andrés-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J Colomina
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Bellvitge University Hospital - University of Barcelona L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Franc Llorens
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Povedano
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Neuropathology, Pathologic Anatomy Service, Bellvitge University Hospital, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Karayigit R, Koz M, Sánchez-Gómez A, Naderi A, Yildirim UC, Domínguez R, Gur F. High Dose of Caffeine Mouth Rinse Increases Resistance Training Performance in Men. Nutrients 2021; 13:3800. [PMID: 34836058 PMCID: PMC8617760 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine mouth rinsing (CMR) has been shown to enhance exercise performance. However, no studies have analyzed the effects of different dosages of CMR on muscular performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different dosages of CMR on strength (bench press 1 repetition maximum (1-RM)) and muscular endurance (60% of 1-RM repetitions to failure) in resistance-trained males. Fourteen resistance-trained males (age: 23 ± 2 years, height: 179 ± 3 cm, body mass: 83 ± 4 kg, BMI: 17 ± 2 kg/m2) completed four conditions in random order. The four conditions consisted of a mouth rinse with 25 mL solutions containing either 1% (250 mg) of CMR (low dose of CMR: LCMR), 2% (500 mg) of CMR (moderate dose of CMR: MCMR), 3% (750 mg) of CMR (high dose of CMR: HCMR) and sweetened water (placebo: PLA) for 5 s prior to a bench press strength and muscular endurance test. Maximal strength, muscular endurance, heart rate (HR) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded for each condition. There were no significant differences in strength (p = 0.30) and HR (p = 0.83) between conditions. HCMR significantly increased muscular endurance performance (p = 0.01) and decreased RPE values (p = 0.01). In conclusion, CMR did not affect bench press 1-RM strength performance, but muscular endurance responses to CMR seems to be dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raci Karayigit
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ankara University, Gölbaşı, Ankara 06830, Turkey; (M.K.); (U.C.Y.)
| | - Mitat Koz
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ankara University, Gölbaşı, Ankara 06830, Turkey; (M.K.); (U.C.Y.)
| | - Angela Sánchez-Gómez
- Department of Nursing Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Córdoba, 14000 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Alireza Naderi
- Department of Sport Physiology, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd 6915136111, Iran;
| | - Ulas Can Yildirim
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ankara University, Gölbaşı, Ankara 06830, Turkey; (M.K.); (U.C.Y.)
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Fatih Gur
- Faculty of Sport Science, Pamukkale University, Pamukkale, Denizli 20000, Turkey;
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Domínguez R, Sánchez Oliver AJ, Fernandes da Silva S, López-Samanes A, Martínez-Sanz JM, Mata F. Dietary-nutritional needs in tennis: A narrative review. Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.14306/renhyd.25.s1.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Tennis is characterized by a large number of competitions and little recovery time between them. Thus, tennis players and coaching staff have become interested in the role that nutrition can play in maximizing sports performance. The scientific literature does not have recent narrative and/or systematic reviews about to nutrition in tennis. The aim of this study is to map, describe and discuss the state of the science of nutrition and dietetic practices for tennis players from a theoretical and contextual point of view, to enable focused future systematic reviews.Material and methods: A narrative review through the Dialnet, Elsevier, Medline, Pubmed and Web of Science databases, through a search strategy based on keywords separated by Boolean connectors. A series of inclusion / exclusion criteria were applied to select those investigations that responded to the aim of the work.Results: Nutritional recommendations on carbohydrate intake depend on the training load, 5-7 g/kg/day g/kg/day for normal training and 7-10 g/kg/day for competitive periods or high training load. The recommended protein intake is 1.8 g/kg/day and 1 g/kg/day of lipids. The supplements that can optimize tennis performance are caffeine, sodium bicarbonate, creatine and β-alanine. Beetroot juice can be a possible aid to consider in dietetic-nutritional planning in tennis players.Conclusions: Performance and health of tennis player can be optimized, as well as adequate periodization of nutrients and supplements, meeting to the physiological demands of tennis.
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Miraftabi H, Avazpoor Z, Berjisian E, Sarshin A, Rezaei S, Domínguez R, Reale R, Franchini E, Samanipour MH, Koozehchian MS, Willems MET, Rafiei R, Naderi A. Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Aerobic and Anaerobic Performances of Trained Male Taekwondo Athletes: A Pilot Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph181910202. [PMID: 34639501 PMCID: PMC8507686 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that nitrate (NO3−)-rich beetroot juice (BJ) supplementation improves endurance and high-intensity intermittent exercise. The dose–response effects on taekwondo following BJ supplementation are yet to be determined. This study aimed to investigate two acute doses of 400 mg of NO3− (BJ-400) and 800 mg of NO3− (BJ-800) on taekwondo-specific performance and cognitive function tests compared with a placebo (PL) and control (CON) conditions. Eight trained male taekwondo athletes (age: 20 ± 4 years, height: 180 ± 2 cm, body mass: 64.8 ± 4.0 kg) completed four experimental trials using a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled design: BJ-400, BJ-800, PL, and CON. Participants consumed two doses of BJ-400 and BJ-800 or nitrate-depleted PL at 2.5 h prior to performing the Multiple Frequency Speed of Kick Test (FSKT). Countermovement jump (CMJ) was performed before the (FSKT) and PSTT, whereas cognitive function was assessed (via the Stroop test) before and after supplementation and 10 min following PSTT. Blood lactate was collected before the CMJ tests immediately and 3 min after the FSKT and PSST; rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded during and after both specific taekwondo tests. No significant differences (p > 0.05), with moderate and large effect sizes, between conditions were observed for PSTT and FSKT performances. In addition, blood lactate, RPE, heart rate, and CMJ height were not significantly different among conditions (p > 0.05). However, after the PSTT test, cognitive function was higher in BJ-400 compared to other treatments (p < 0.05). It was concluded that acute intake of 400 and 800 mg of NO3− rich BJ reported a moderate to large effect size in anaerobic and aerobic; however, no statistical differences were found in taekwondo-specific performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Miraftabi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (H.M.); (Z.A.); (E.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Zahra Avazpoor
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (H.M.); (Z.A.); (E.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Erfan Berjisian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (H.M.); (Z.A.); (E.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Amir Sarshin
- Clinical Care and Health Promotion Research Center, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj 3149968111, Iran;
| | - Sajjad Rezaei
- Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran;
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Sevilla, Spain;
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Reid Reale
- USA.UFC Performance Institute, Shanghai 200072, China;
| | - Emerson Franchini
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil;
| | | | - Majid S. Koozehchian
- Department of Kinesiology, Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, AL 36265, USA;
| | - Mark E. T. Willems
- Institute of Sport, Nursing and Allied Health, College Lane, University of Chichester, Chichester PO19 6PE, UK;
| | - Ramin Rafiei
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (H.M.); (Z.A.); (E.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Alireza Naderi
- Department of Sport Physiology, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd 6915136111, Iran
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +98-91-0448-6440
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Karayigit R, Ali A, Rezaei S, Ersoz G, Lago-Rodriguez A, Domínguez R, Naderi A. Effects of carbohydrate and caffeine mouth rinsing on strength, muscular endurance and cognitive performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:63. [PMID: 34565388 PMCID: PMC8474807 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carbohydrate (CHO) and caffeine (CAF) mouth rinsing have been shown to enhance endurance and sprint performance. However, the effects of CHO and CAF mouth rinsing on muscular and cognitive performance in comparison between male and female athletes are less well-established. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of CHO and CAF rinsing on squat and bench press 1 repetition maximum (1-RM) strength, 3 sets of 40% of 1-RM muscular endurance and cognitive performance in both male and female athletes. Methods Thirteen male and fourteen female resistance-trained participants completed four testing sessions following the rinsing of 25 ml of i) 6% of CHO (1.5 g); ii) 2% CAF (500 mg), iii) combined CHO and CAF (CHOCAF) solutions or iv) water (PLA) for 10 s. Heart rate (HR), felt arousal (FA), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and glucose (GLU) were recorded throughout the test protocol. Results There were no significant differences in squat and bench press 1-RM, HR, RPE and GLU (p > 0.05) for males and females, respectively. FA was significantly increased with CAF (p = 0.04, p = 0.01) and CHOCAF (p = 0.03, p = 0.01) condition in both males and females, respectively. Squat endurance performance in the first set was significantly increased with CHOCAF condition compared to PLA in both males (p = 0.01) and females (p = 0.02). Bench press endurance was similar for all conditions in both genders (p > 0.05). Cognitive performance was significantly increased with CHOCAF compared to PLA in males (p = 0.03) and females (p = 0.02). Conclusion Combined CHO and CAF mouth rinsing significantly improved lower body muscular endurance and cognitive performance in both males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raci Karayigit
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ajmol Ali
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, 0745, New Zealand
| | - Sajjad Rezaei
- Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gulfem Ersoz
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departmento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alireza Naderi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran.
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Mata F, Domínguez R, López-Samanes Á, Sánchez-Gómez Á, Jodra P, Sánchez-Oliver AJ. Analysis of the consumption of sports supplements in elite fencers according to sex and competitive level. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:50. [PMID: 33975639 PMCID: PMC8114510 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to analyze the consumption of sports supplements (SS) in competitive level fencers and compare differences based on sex and competitive level (international and national). Methods A total of 49 fencers (18 men and 31 women) of national (n = 16) and international (n = 33) level completed a questionnaire with questions about SS consumption and the possible repercussions on health and / or sports performance. The results were analyzed based on the different categorizations established by the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), as well as by sex and level of competence to which the participants belonged to. Results 46.9% of fencers have consumed SS with the main motivation being performance improvement (34.2%). Medical doctors were the individuals who were more likely to advise men to consume SS (50.0% vs 5.6%; OR = 3.29 [1.50–7.20]). Friends were most likely to advise women (38.9% vs 8.3%; OR = 1.75 [1.05–2.93]). The most consumed SS were sport drinks (44.9%), vitamin C (43.4%), sport bars (38.8%), and caffeine (28.6%). In regards to the SS categories, it was observed differences in the interaction level·sex in medical supplements (p = 0.017). In addition, there was a higher prevalence of whey protein consumption in women (25.8% vs 0%; p = 0.020) and iron consumption in men (33% vs 6.5%; p = 0.039). Conclusions The prevalence of SS use in fencers is within the values previously reported in athletes of the same competitive level. There were no differences by sex and competitive level in the total consumption of SS, nor in each of the groups of level of evidence, being sport drinks, bars and caffeine the most consumed SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Mata
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Nutrición (CEAN), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain. .,Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil.
| | - Álvaro López-Samanes
- Exercise Physiology Group, School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela Sánchez-Gómez
- Departamento de Enfermería Farmacología y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pablo Jodra
- Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Alcalá, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Antonio J Sánchez-Oliver
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
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Garnacho-Castaño MV, Albesa-Albiol L, Serra-Payá N, Gomis Bataller M, Pleguezuelos Cobo E, Guirao Cano L, Guodemar-Pérez J, Carbonell T, Domínguez R, Maté-Muñoz JL. Oxygen Uptake Slow Component and the Efficiency of Resistance Exercises. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:1014-1022. [PMID: 30335719 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Garnacho-Castaño, MV, Albesa-Albiol, L, Serra-Payá, N, Gomis Bataller, M, Pleguezuelos Cobo, E, Guirao Cano, L, Guodemar-Pérez, J, Carbonell, T, Domínguez, R, and Maté-Muñoz, JL. Oxygen uptake slow component and the efficiency of resistance exercises. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 1014-1022, 2021-This study aimed to evaluate oxygen uptake slow component (V̇o2sc) and mechanical economy/efficiency in half squat (HS) exercise during constant-load tests conducted at lactate threshold (LT) intensity. Nineteen healthy young men completed 3 HS exercise tests separated by 48-hour rest periods: 1 repetition maximum (1RM), incremental-load HS test to establish the %1RM corresponding to the LT, and constant-load HS test at the LT. During the last test, cardiorespiratory, lactate, and mechanical responses were monitored. Fatigue in the lower limbs was assessed before and after the constant-load test using a countermovement jump test. A slight and sustained increase of the V̇o2sc and energy expended (EE) was observed (p < 0.001). In blood lactate, no differences were observed between set 3 to set 21 (p > 0.05). A slight and sustained decrease of half squat efficiency and gross mechanical efficiency (GME) was detected (p < 0.001). Significant inverse correlations were observed between V̇o2 and GME (r = -0.93, p < 0.001). Inverse correlations were detected between EE and GME (r = -0.94, p < 0.001). Significant losses were observed in jump height ability and in mean power output (p < 0.001) in response to the constant-load HS test. In conclusion, V̇o2sc and EE tended to rise slowly during constant-load HS exercise testing. This slight increase was associated with lowered efficiency throughout constant-load test and a decrease in jump capacity after testing. These findings would allow to elucidate the underlying fatigue mechanisms produced by resistance exercises in a constant-load test at LT intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel V Garnacho-Castaño
- GRI-AFIRS, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, School of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluis Albesa-Albiol
- GRI-AFIRS, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, School of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí Serra-Payá
- GRI-AFIRS, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, School of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Gomis Bataller
- GRI-AFIRS, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, School of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulogio Pleguezuelos Cobo
- GRI-AFIRS, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, School of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Mataró Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluis Guirao Cano
- GRI-AFIRS, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, School of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Mataró Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Teresa Carbonell
- Department of Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ; and
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Maté-Muñoz
- Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Madrid, Spain
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Lorenzo Calvo J, Fei X, Domínguez R, Pareja-Galeano H. Caffeine and Cognitive Functions in Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030868. [PMID: 33800853 PMCID: PMC8000732 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive functions are essential in any form of exercise. Recently, interest has mounted in addressing the relationship between caffeine intake and cognitive performance during sports practice. This review examines this relationship through a structured search of the databases Medline/PubMed and Web of Science for relevant articles published in English from August 1999 to March 2020. The study followed PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were defined according to the PICOS model. The identified records reported on randomized cross-over studies in which caffeine intake (as drinks, capsules, energy bars, or gum) was compared to an identical placebo situation. There were no filters on participants’ training level, gender, or age. For the systematic review, 13 studies examining the impacts of caffeine on objective measures of cognitive performance or self-reported cognitive performance were selected. Five of these studies were also subjected to meta-analysis. After pooling data in the meta-analysis, the significant impacts of caffeine only emerged on attention, accuracy, and speed. The results of the 13 studies, nevertheless, suggest that the intake of a low/moderate dose of caffeine before and/or during exercise can improve self-reported energy, mood, and cognitive functions, such as attention; it may also improve simple reaction time, choice reaction time, memory, or fatigue, however, this may depend on the research protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lorenzo Calvo
- Sports Department, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Xueyin Fei
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-153-6930-8755
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil;
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
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Galan-Lopez P, Domínguez R, Gísladóttir T, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Pihu M, Ries F, Klonizakis M. Sleep Quality and Duration in European Adolescents (The AdolesHealth Study): A Cross-Sectional, Quantitative Study. Children (Basel) 2021; 8:188. [PMID: 33802334 PMCID: PMC7999763 DOI: 10.3390/children8030188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is a vital element of adolescents' overall health; it influences their body and mind and thus affects their quality of life. Adequate sleep quality and duration are essential for maintaining optimal metabolic health and lowering the risk of developing several medical conditions, such as cardiovascular disease. The current study aimed to assess the perceived sleep quality and duration of 1717 European adolescents from three different European countries (Spain, Iceland and Estonia) aged 13- to 16-years (900 boys, 817 girls) using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed to examine differences between groups and two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze city and age differences. The probability of having poor sleep quality and duration was calculated by Odd-Ratio (OR). Our study found poor sleep quality in 44% of the boys and 53% of the girls, whereas 68% and 69%, respectively did not get the recommended hours of sleep (i.e., 8-10 h). No difference was found between adolescents from Estonia, Iceland and Spain regarding sleep duration. In contrast, Spanish and Estonian adolescents reported higher probabilities of having poor sleep quality. Finally, girls had a significantly higher probability of poor sleep quality than boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Galan-Lopez
- Department of Communication and Education, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, 41704 Dos Hermanas (Sevilla), Spain;
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla (Sevilla), Spain; (R.D.); (F.R.)
| | - Thordis Gísladóttir
- Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland;
| | | | - Maret Pihu
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, 51005 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Francis Ries
- Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla (Sevilla), Spain; (R.D.); (F.R.)
| | - Markos Klonizakis
- Lifestyle, Exercise and Nutrition Improvement (LENI) Research Group, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK;
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Domínguez R, López-Domínguez R, López-Samanes Á, Gené P, González-Jurado JA, Sánchez-Oliver AJ. Analysis of Sport Supplement Consumption and Body Composition in Spanish Elite Rowers. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123871. [PMID: 33352860 PMCID: PMC7765834 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the anthropometric characteristics and sport supplement (SS) consumption patterns of heavyweight and lightweight international rowers. Methods: The 13 heavyweights (11 males) and seven lightweights (five males) of the Spanish National Rowing Team were recruited for the study. Body composition was measured by bio-impedance analysis, and the questionnaire used in this investigation was previously validated to assess SS consumption. According to anthropometrics parameters, it was reported that male heavyweight rowers were heavier (p < 0.001) and taller (p < 0.001), but no statistical differences were reported for % body fat (p = 0.104) or % lean body mass (p = 0.161). All rowers reported consumption of at least one SS. Based on the Australian Institute of Sport's classification, higher medical supplement consumption was observed when comparing heavyweight rowers to lightweight rowers (2.5 ± 1.1 vs. 1.7 ± 0.5, p = 0.040). There were no differences in the totals of group A (strong scientific evidence for sports scenarios, p = 0.069), group B (emerging scientific support, deserving of further research, p = 0.776), or group C (scientific evidence not supportive of benefit and/or security amongst athletes, p = 0.484). The six most consumed SSs were iron (85%), caffeine (85%), β-alanine (85%), energy bars (85%), vitamin supplements (80%), and isotonic drinks (80%), with no statistical differences between heavyweight and lightweight rowers (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the absence of differences in body composition (expressed as a percentage) do not represent anthropometric disadvantages for heavyweight rowers. In addition, SS consumption was similar between rowers, reporting only higher medical supplement consumption in heavyweight rowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Domínguez
- Escuela Universitaria de Osuna (Centro Adscrito a la Universidad de Sevilla), 41640 Osuna, Spain;
- Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Rubén López-Domínguez
- Facultad del Deporte, Universidad Pablo Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.L.-D.); (P.G.); (J.A.G.-J.)
| | - Álvaro López-Samanes
- Exercise Physiology Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Physiotherapy, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Pol Gené
- Facultad del Deporte, Universidad Pablo Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.L.-D.); (P.G.); (J.A.G.-J.)
- Federación Española de Remo, 28008 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Jesús Sánchez-Oliver
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-656305480
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Andrés-Benito P, Povedano M, Domínguez R, Marco C, Colomina MJ, López-Pérez Ó, Santana I, Baldeiras I, Martínez-Yelámos S, Zerr I, Llorens F, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E, Ferrer I. Increased C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12 Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Candidate Biomarker in Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228680. [PMID: 33213069 PMCID: PMC7698527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons. Biomarkers are useful to facilitate the diagnosis and/or prognosis of patients and to reveal possible mechanistic clues about the disease. This study aimed to identify and validate selected putative biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of sALS patients at early disease stages compared with age-matched controls and with other neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer disease (AD), spinal muscular atrophy type III (SMA), frontotemporal dementia behavioral variant (FTD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). SWATH acquisition on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for protein quantitation, and ELISA for validation, were used in CSF samples of sALS cases at early stages of the disease. Analysis of mRNA and protein expression was carried out in the anterior horn of the lumbar spinal cord in post-mortem tissue of sALS cases (terminal stage) and controls using RTq-PCR, and Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. SWATH acquisition on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) revealed 51 differentially expressed proteins in the CSF in sALS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed CXCL12 to be the most valuable candidate biomarker. We validated the values of CXCL12 in CSF with ELISA in two different cohorts. Besides sALS, increased CXCL12 levels were found in MS but were not altered in AD, SMA, and FTD. Therefore, increased CXCL12 levels in the CSF can be useful in the diagnoses of MS and sALS in the context of the clinical settings. CXCL12 immunoreactivity was localized in motor neurons in control and sALS, and in a few glial cells in sALS at the terminal stage; CXCR4 was in a subset of oligodendroglial-like cells and axonal ballooning of motor neurons in sALS; and CXCR7 in motor neurons in control and sALS, and reactive astrocytes in the pyramidal tracts in terminal sALS. CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis in the spinal cord probably plays a complex role in inflammation, oligodendroglial and astrocyte signaling, and neuronal and axonal preservation in sALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Andrés-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: (P.A.-B.); (I.F.); Tel./Fax: +34-94-403-5808 (P.A.-B. & I.F.)
| | - Mònica Povedano
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Carla Marco
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Maria J. Colomina
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Bellvitge University Hospital-University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Óscar López-Pérez
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Isabel Santana
- Neurology Department, CHUC—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (I.S.); (I.B.)
| | - Inês Baldeiras
- Neurology Department, CHUC—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (I.S.); (I.B.)
| | - Sergio Martínez-Yelámos
- Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Llorens
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (E.S.)
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (E.S.)
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
- Neuropathology, Pathologic Anatomy Service, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.A.-B.); (I.F.); Tel./Fax: +34-94-403-5808 (P.A.-B. & I.F.)
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Muñoz A, López-Samanes Á, Domínguez R, Moreno-Pérez V, Jesús Sánchez-Oliver A, Del Coso J. Use of Sports Supplements in Competitive Handball Players: Sex and Competitive Level Differences. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3357. [PMID: 33142672 PMCID: PMC7692995 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sports supplements are commonly used by elite athletes with the main goal of enhancing sport performance. Supplements use might be substantially different depending on the sport discipline, sex, and competitive level. To date, data about prevalence and the most-commonly used supplements in handball are scarce. Thus, the aim of this investigation was to determine the patterns of supplements use by handball players of both sexes and with different competitive levels: One hundred and eighty-seven handball players (112 men and 75 women) of different competitive levels (106 professional and 81 amateur) completed a validated self-administered questionnaire about supplements use. Supplements were classified according to the categorization of the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS). Overall, 59.9% of the handball players (n = 112) declared the use of at least one supplement and there were no significant differences between men and women (58.9% vs. 61.3%, p = 0.762) nor between professional vs. amateur handball players (67.1% vs. 53.8%, p = 0.074). The most prevalent supplements were sports drinks (42.2%), followed by energy bars (35.3%) and caffeine-containing products (31.6%). However, a greater consumption of group A supplements (those with strong scientific evidence; p = 0.029) and group B supplements (those with emerging scientific support, p = 0.012) was observed in male compared to female handball players. Supplements categorized as medical supplements were more commonly consumed in professional vs. amateur players (0.48 ± 0.80 vs. 0.21 ± 0.44, supplements p < 0.006). Additionally, a higher consumption of group B supplements was observed in professional compared to amateur players (0.58 ± 0.88 vs. 0.33 ± 0.72 supplements, p = 0.015). Handball players revealed a moderate use of supplements while sex and competitive level slighted changed the pattern of supplements use. A high portion of handball players use supplements as fuel during exercise and reported the use of caffeine-containing supplements to enhance performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Muñoz
- Exercise Physiology Group, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro López-Samanes
- Exercise Physiology Group, School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, Brazil;
- Escuela Universitaria de Osuna (Attached Universidad de Sevilla), 41640 Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Víctor Moreno-Pérez
- Sports Research Centre, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain;
| | | | - Juan Del Coso
- Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28943 Fuenlabrada, Spain;
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Lago-Rodríguez Á, Domínguez R, Ramos-Álvarez JJ, Tobal FM, Jodra P, Tan R, Bailey SJ. The Effect of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Isokinetic Torque in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3022. [PMID: 33023118 PMCID: PMC7601047 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation, which can enhance performance in exercise settings involving repeated high-intensity efforts, has been linked to improved skeletal muscle contractile function. Although muscular strength is an important component of explosive movements and sport-specific skills, few studies have quantified indices of muscular strength following NO3- supplementation, particularly isokinetic assessments at different angular velocities. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether dietary NO3- supplementation improves peak torque, as assessed by the gold standard method of isokinetic dynamometry, and if this effect was linked to the angular velocity imposed during the assessment. Dialnet, Directory of Open Access Journals, MEDLINE, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus were searched for articles using the following search strategy: (nitrate OR beet*) AND (supplement* OR nutr* OR diet*) AND (isokinetic OR strength OR "resistance exercise" OR "resistance training" OR "muscular power"). The meta-analysis of data from 5 studies with 60 participants revealed an overall effect size of -0.01 for the effect of nitrate supplementation on isokinetic peak torque, whereas trivial effect sizes ranging from -0.11 to 0.16 were observed for independent velocity-specific (90°/s, 180°/s, 270°/s, and 360°/s) isokinetic peak torque. Four of the five studies indicated that dietary NO3- supplementation is not likely to influence voluntary knee extensor isokinetic torque across a variety of angular velocities. These results suggest that NO3- supplementation does not influence isokinetic peak torque, but further work is required to elucidate the potential of NO3- supplementation to influence other indices of muscular strength, given the dearth of experimental evidence on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, Brazil
| | - Juan José Ramos-Álvarez
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine of Physical Education and Sport, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.R.-Á.); (F.M.T.)
| | - Francisco Miguel Tobal
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine of Physical Education and Sport, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.R.-Á.); (F.M.T.)
| | - Pablo Jodra
- Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Alcalá, 19001 Guadalajara, Spain;
| | - Rachel Tan
- Faculty of Sports Medicine, Natural Sciences Division, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA;
| | - Stephen J. Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK;
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Martínez-Sanz JM, Fernández Nuñez A, Sospedra I, Martínez-Rodríguez A, Domínguez R, González-Jurado JA, Sánchez-Oliver AJ. Nutrition-Related Adverse Outcomes in Endurance Sports Competitions: A Review of Incidence and Practical Recommendations. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17114082. [PMID: 32521666 PMCID: PMC7312487 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
During the last few years, the numbers of competitors in endurance and ultra-endurance sports modalities have increased significantly. This type of competition is an extreme challenge for athletes. Therefore, they have an increased the risk of developing medical and nutritional problems. The aim of the work is to estimate the incidence of nutrition-related adverse outcomes in endurance and ultra-endurance sports, considering the variables that influence them. A critical review was carried out based on the PubMed database, by means of a search strategy based on keywords separated by Boolean connectors. For all the results obtained in a period from 2008 to 2019, a series of inclusion/exclusion criteria was applied to select only the studies that fitted the objective of the present study. Results and discussion: Of the 871 publications identified, 33 met the inclusion criteria. The adverse outcomes found included exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH), heat stroke by exertion (EHS), gastrointestinal (GI) problems, dehydration, and hypothermia; the provision of misinformation to athletes about nutrient intake and hydration during competition was identified as the main cause. Conclusions: The main adverse outcomes in endurance and ultra-endurance sports modalities are EAH, GI inconveniences, and EHS. These problems can affect the performance and health status of the athlete during and post-competition. Several nutritional guidelines have been suggested that can prevent these adverse outcomes, and it is essential to individualize and adjust the nutritional intake and hydration status according to the characteristics of each competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Miguel Martínez-Sanz
- Departamento de Enfermería, Grupo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición (ALINUT), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (J.M.M.-S.); (I.S.)
| | - Ana Fernández Nuñez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Isabel Sospedra
- Departamento de Enfermería, Grupo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición (ALINUT), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (J.M.M.-S.); (I.S.)
| | - Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Sciences Faculty, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
| | - José Antonio González-Jurado
- Facultad del Deporte, Universidad Pablo Olavide de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-651-517-571
| | - Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain;
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Rodríguez-Fernández A, Castillo D, Raya-González J, Domínguez R, Bailey SJ. Beetroot juice supplementation increases concentric and eccentric muscle power output. Original investigation. J Sci Med Sport 2020; 24:80-84. [PMID: 32507624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Beetroot juice (BJ) supplementation has been reported to enhance skeletal muscle contractile function; however, it is currently unclear whether BJ supplementation elicits comparable improvements in power output during different types of skeletal muscle contractions. The purpose of the current study was to assess the effect of BJ supplementation on power output during concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) muscle contractions during a half-squat. DESIGN In a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design, eighteen adult males (age: 22.8±4.9y) completed two experimental testing sessions 2.5h following the acute ingestion of 140mL nitrate-rich BJ concentrate or a placebo. METHODS Each experimental session comprised four sets of eight all-out half-squat repetitions with each set completed with a different moment intertia (0.025, 0.050, 0.075 and 0.100kg·m-2). RESULTS Compared to placebo, BJ supplementation increased mean power output (MP) during the CON (ES: 0.61-1.01) and ECC (ES: 0.54-0.89; all p<0.05) movement phases to a similar extent. Moreover, comparable increases in peak power output (PP) during the CON (ES: 0.86-1.24) and ECC (ES: 0.6-1.08; all p<0.05) movement phases were observed following BJ supplementation. CONCLUSION Acute BJ supplementation increased mean and peak lower limb power output in the concentric and eccentric movement phases of a half-squat. These findings improve understanding of the effects of BJ supplementation on skeletal muscle contractile function and might have implications for enhancing sports performance in events where muscle power output is a key performance determinant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stephen J Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, United Kingdom
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López-Samanes Á, Pérez-López A, Moreno-Pérez V, Nakamura FY, Acebes-Sánchez J, Quintana-Milla I, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Moreno-Pérez D, Fernández-Elías VE, Domínguez R. Effects of Beetroot Juice Ingestion on Physical Performance in Highly Competitive Tennis Players. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020584. [PMID: 32102263 PMCID: PMC7071491 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Beetroot juice (BJ) contains high levels of inorganic nitrate (NO3−) and its intake has good evidence in increasing blood nitrate/nitrite concentrations. The ingestion of BJ has been associated with improvements in physical performance of endurance sports, however the literature in intermittent sports is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate whether BJ could improve physical performance in tennis players. Thirteen well-trained tennis players (25.4 ± 5.1 years) participated in the study during their preparatory period for the tennis season. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups and performed a neuromuscular test battery after either BJ or placebo (PLA) consumption. Both trials were executed on two separate days, in randomized order, with one week of wash out period. The test battery consisted of serve velocity test (SVT), countermovement jump (CMJ), isometric handgrip strength (IHS), 5-0-5 agility test (5-0-5), and 10 m sprint (10-m). No significant differences were found in SVT (1.19%; p = 0.536), CMJ (0.96%; p = 0.327), IHS (4.06%; p = 0.069), 5-0-5 dominant and nondominant side (1.11–2.02%; p = 0.071–0.191) and 10-m (1.05%; p = 0.277) when comparing BJ and PLA ingestion. Thus, our data suggest that low doses of BJ (70 mL) consumption do not enhance tennis physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro López-Samanes
- School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-709-1400 (ext. 1955)
| | - Alberto Pérez-López
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Sport and Physical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Victor Moreno-Pérez
- Center for Translational Research in Physiotherapy, Department of Pathology and Surgery, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, San Juan, 03202 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Fabio Yuzo Nakamura
- Associate Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, 58051-970 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil;
| | - Jorge Acebes-Sánchez
- Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-S.); (I.Q.-M.)
| | - Iñaki Quintana-Milla
- Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-S.); (I.Q.-M.)
| | - Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Diego Moreno-Pérez
- Department of Education, Research and Evaluation Methods, Universidad Pontifica de Comillas, 28015 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Raúl Domínguez
- College of Health Sciences, Isabel I University, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
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Jodra P, Lago-Rodríguez A, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, López-Samanes A, Pérez-López A, Veiga-Herreros P, San Juan AF, Domínguez R. Effects of caffeine supplementation on physical performance and mood dimensions in elite and trained-recreational athletes. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2020; 17:2. [PMID: 31900166 PMCID: PMC6942320 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-019-0332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caffeine supplementation (CAFF) has an established ergogenic effect on physical performance and the psychological response to exercise. However, few studies have compared the response to CAFF intake among athletes of different competition level. This study compares the acute effects of CAFF on anaerobic performance, mood and perceived effort in elite and moderately-trained recreational athletes. METHODS Participants for this randomized, controlled, crossover study were 8 elite athletes (in the senior boxing national team) and 10 trained-recreational athletes. Under two experimental conditions, CAFF supplementation (6 mg/kg) or placebo (PLAC), the athletes completed a Wingate test. Subjective exertion during the test was recorded as the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) both at the general level (RPEgeneral) and at the levels muscular (RPEmuscular) and cardiorespiratory (RPEcardio). Before the Wingate test, participants completed the questionnaires Profiles of Moods States (POMS) and Subjective Vitality Scale (SVS). RESULTS In response to CAFF intake, improvements were noted in Wpeak (11.22 ± 0.65 vs 10.70 ± 0.84; p = 0.003; [Formula: see text] =0.44), Wavg (8.75 ± 0.55 vs 8.41 0.46; p = 0.001; [Formula: see text] =0.53) and time taken to reach Wpeak (7.56 ± 1.58 vs 9.11 ± 1.53; p < 0.001; [Formula: see text] =0.57) both in the elite and trained-recreational athletes. However, only the elite athletes showed significant increases in tension (+ 325%), vigor (+ 31%) and SVS (+ 28%) scores after the intake of CAFF compared to levels recorded under the condition PLAC (p < 0.05). Similarly, levels of vigor after consuming CAFF were significantly higher in the elite than the trained-recreational athletes (+ 5.8%). CONCLUSIONS CAFF supplementation improved anaerobic performance in both the elite and recreational athletes. However, the ergogenic effect of CAFF on several mood dimensions and subjective vitality was greater in the elite athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Jodra
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, Madrid, Spain
- University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - A. J. Sánchez-Oliver
- Department of Human Motricity and Sports Performance, Faculty of Education Sciences, Seville University, Seville, Spain
| | - A. López-Samanes
- School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Pérez-López
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Veiga-Herreros
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. F. San Juan
- Sports Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences – INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Domínguez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Burgos, Spain
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Campos Y, Vianna J, Guimarães M, Domínguez R, Azevedo PH, Ana LS, Leitão L, Novaes J, Silva S, Reis V. Comparison of methods to determine the lactate threshold during leg press exercise in long-distance runners. Motriz: rev educ fis 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574202000020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Campos
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brasil; Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brasil
| | | | - Miller Guimarães
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brasil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brasil; Universidad Isabel I, España
| | | | | | - Luís Leitão
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brasil; Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Jefferson Novaes
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Sandro Silva
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brasil; Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brasil
| | - Victor Reis
- Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
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Galan-Lopez P, Domínguez R, Pihu M, Gísladóttir T, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Ries F. Evaluation of Physical Fitness, Body Composition, and Adherence to Mediterranean Diet in Adolescents from Estonia: The AdolesHealth Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16224479. [PMID: 31739416 PMCID: PMC6888343 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Unhealthy lifestyles, low levels of physical fitness, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) are associated with bad quality of life and the development of a wide range of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The current study aimed to evaluate the level of adherence to the MD in physical fitness performance and body composition parameters in children and adolescents of Estonia. Therefore, 413 adolescents (56% boys) from the city of Tartu completed the Mediterranean Diet Questionnaire (KIDMED) for analyzing the adherence to MD and performed the Alpha Fitness Test for measuring physical fitness and body composition. A 41.67% of low, 44.05% of average, and 14.28% of high adherence to MD was detected, without difference between genders (p = 0.747). In the Alpha Fitness battery, a higher performance was observed in all tests for boys vs. girls (p < 0.05). In relation to body composition, higher height, weight, and waist values were observed in boys (p < 0.05) and a lower body fat percentage (p < 0.01) without differences in body mass index (BMI; p = 0.906). The adherence to the MD is classified as average/low. Gender significantly influences all variables of the Alpha Fitness battery and anthropometrics measures excepting BMI. According the levels of adherence to the MD, no statistically different prevalence was observed for Non-Overweight (N-Oweight), Non-Overfat (N-Ofat), or Non-Overwaist (N-Owaist). Still, a risk factor for Overweight (Oweight) in boys with low adherence was observed in comparison to those with a mid-level of adherence to the MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Galan-Lopez
- Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.G.-L.); (F.R.)
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Faculty of Health Sciences of Universidad Isabel I, Universidad Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Maret Pihu
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, 51005 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Thordis Gísladóttir
- Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland;
| | - Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver
- Human Motricity and Sports Performance, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-656-305-480
| | - Francis Ries
- Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.G.-L.); (F.R.)
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Raya-González J, Rendo-Urteaga T, Domínguez R, Castillo D, Rodríguez-Fernández A, Grgic J. Acute Effects of Caffeine Supplementation on Movement Velocity in Resistance Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2019; 50:717-729. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01211-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Moreno-Pérez V, López-Samanes Á, Domínguez R, Fernández-Elías VE, González-Frutos P, Fernández-Ruiz V, Pérez-López A, Fernández-Fernández J. Acute effects of a single tennis match on passive shoulder rotation range of motion, isometric strength and serve speed in professional tennis players. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215015. [PMID: 30978212 PMCID: PMC6461272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Shoulder pain has been associated with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) and a reduction in external rotation (ER) strength; however, in tennis players, there is scarce evidence regarding the impact of a single match on shoulder range of motion (ROM), strength and serve speed. The aim of this study was to determine the acute effect of a single tennis match on shoulder rotation ROM, isometric strength and serve speed. Twenty-six professional tennis players participated in the study (20.4±4.4 years; 10.5±3.2 years tennis expertise; 20.5±5.4 h/week training). Passive shoulder external (ER-ROM) and internal rotation ROM (IR-ROM), ER and IR isometric strength were measured before and after a single tennis match (80.3±21.3 min) in both shoulder´s. Moreover, the total arc of motion (TAM) and ER/IR strength ratio were calculated. Video analysis was used to assess the number of serves and groundstrokes, while a radar gun was utilized to measure maximal ball speed. In the dominant shoulder, compared to pre-match levels, IR-ROM was significantly reduced (-1.3%; p = 0.042), while ER-ROM (5.3%; p = 0.037) and TAM (3.1%; p = 0.050) were significantly increased. In the non-dominant shoulder, ER-ROM (3.7%; p = 0.006) was increased. Furthermore, in the dominant shoulder, the isometric ER strength was significantly reduced after the match (-4.8%; p = 0.012), whereas serve speed was not significantly reduced after match (-1.16%; p = 0.197). A single tennis match leads to significant reductions in shoulder ROM (e.g., IR of the dominant shoulder) and isometric strength (e.g., ER of the dominant shoulder). This study reveals the importance of recovery strategies prescription aiming at minimize post-match alteration in the shoulders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Moreno-Pérez
- Sports Research Center, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Álvaro López-Samanes
- School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- College of Health Sciences, Isabel I University, Burgos, Spain
| | | | - Pablo González-Frutos
- Departament of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Humanities, Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Fernández-Ruiz
- School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Pérez-López
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Fernández-Fernández
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, University of Leon, Leon, Spain
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Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Grimaldi-Puyana M, Domínguez R. Evaluation and Behavior of Spanish Bodybuilders: Doping and Sports Supplements. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040122. [PMID: 30925786 PMCID: PMC6523090 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of doping agents has these days become a public health problem, as it also affects young and non-competitive amateurs in different sports. To prepare for competition, bodybuilders perform aggressive dietary protocols, so, bodybuilders frequently consume nutritional supplements (NS) and banned substances in large dosages. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of banned substances consumption and NS intake in competitive level bodybuilders. A total of 48 bodybuilders (44 males and 4 females) completed a validated online questionnaire on NS consumption. The quantitative data was presented as a mean (M) ± standard deviation (SD), as well as having minimum and maximum values. The categorical variables were expressed using frequencies and percentages. 83.3% of the participants declared that they had consumed or would consume banned substances, the most consumed being anabolic steroids (72.9%). One hundred percent of those sampled use NS. Whey protein (96%), branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) (94%), creatine (85%) and vitamin complexes (83%) were the most consumed, however, there is a low consumption of certain NS which could also increase athletic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moisés Grimaldi-Puyana
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Faculty of Health Sciences of Universidad Isabel I, Universidad Isabel I, 09004 Burgos, Spain.
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López-González LM, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Mata F, Jodra P, Antonio J, Domínguez R. Acute caffeine supplementation in combat sports: a systematic review. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2018; 15:60. [PMID: 30594211 PMCID: PMC6310931 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-018-0267-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeine used as a supplement has been shown to improve physical and cognitive performance in several sport modalities due to its effects on the central nervous system. This review assesses the direct effects of caffeine supplementation on performance in combat sports. Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines, relevant studies were identified through the Medline, Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases. Of 1053 search results, only 9 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of these, three studies detected no ergogenic effect of caffeine supplementation, while six studies did observe a significant positive effect. Supplementation with 3-6 mg/kg of caffeine was found to increase the glycolytic contribution to energy metabolism during the execution of real or simulated combats, as indicated by elevated blood lactate concentrations. Caffeine intake was also noted to improve levels of strength, power and upper arm muscular endurance. These effects were not paralleled by an increase in the exertion perceived by the athlete.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio J Sánchez-Oliver
- Area of Human Motricity and Sports Performance. Faculty of Education Sciences, Seville University, c/Pirotecnia s/n, Seville, Spain. .,Sport Departament. School of Sport Sciences, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain.
| | | | - Pablo Jodra
- Department of Education Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Nova Southeastern University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Burgos, Spain
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Galan-Lopez P, Ries F, Gisladottir T, Domínguez R, Sánchez-Oliver AJ. Healthy Lifestyle: Relationship between Mediterranean Diet, Body Composition and Physical Fitness in 13 to 16-Years Old Icelandic Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E2632. [PMID: 30477217 PMCID: PMC6313697 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Childhood and adolescent obesity are currently among the greatest challenges for public health. Physical activity, physical fitness, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), representing powerful indicators of healthy lifestyles, are shown as determinant factors in the prevention and treatment of obesity. The aim of the present study has been to analyse the relationship between health-related physical fitness components, body composition, and adherence to MD in 387 Icelandic adolescents of 13⁻16-years old (54% boys). The ALPHA Fitness Test was used to measure physical fitness and body composition. The KIDMED questionnaire was used to assess the adherence to MD among participants. Associations between variables were tested according to gender and age using linear regression models and analysis of variance. Participants with high/medium adherence to MD showed significantly higher endurance scores in both the boys and the girls. Gender differences were found. The boys in high/medium MD categories had significantly lower fat percentages and ran a 4 × 10 m sprint faster than the girls. The girls scored higher than the boys in endurance and speed-agility tests. It can be concluded that a high and medium adherence to MD is associated with high and very high endurance in both the girls and the boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Galan-Lopez
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Francis Ries
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Thordis Gisladottir
- Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland.
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Faculty of Health Sciences of Universidad Isabel I, Universidad Isabel I, 09004 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Sánchez-Oliver
- Faculty of Sports Sciences of Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- Human Motricity and Sports Performance Area, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
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Araújo J, Cerqueira J, Pires P, Amorim I, Carneiro M, Santos-Silva J, Domínguez R, Bermúdez R, Lorenzo J. Influencia del sistema de producción en la calidad de la canal de cerdos de raza Bísara. ARCH ZOOTEC 2018. [DOI: 10.21071/az.v0i0.3887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
La utilización de razas locales en sistemas de producción alternativos presenta una serie de ventajas, como la gestión medioambiental, la biodiversidad y la producción agrícola sostenible orientada hacia un mercado de productos de calidad diferenciada, especialmente en áreas desfavorecidas. En este trabajo se estudió la influencia de dos sistemas de producción en la calidad de la canal de cerdos de raza Bísara. La alimentación recibida fue igual en ambos casos. En la fase de crecimiento (98 días) se alimentaron con pienso compuesto comercial, mientras que durante el acabado se les administró pienso compuesto y harina de maíz. Se recogieron datos de peso vivo y canal después de 24h a 4ºC y se calculó el rendimiento de la canal. Se realizaron medidas morfométricas lineales de la media canal derecha, tras 24h post-mortem. El espesor de la grasa dorsal se midió a nivel de la 1ª costilla, la última costilla, en el músculo gluteus medius en el área más espesa de grasa (extremo craneal) y en la de inferior espesura. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados obtenidos, no se observan diferencias significativas en ninguno de los parámetros analizados. El peso de la canal fría (94,23±7,55 kg) y el rendimiento (75,51±1,48%) así como las medidas morfométricas mostraron valores prácticamente coincidentes entre ambos tipos de sistemas de producción. Tampoco se observaron diferencias en el espesor de la grasa dorsal. Las cuatro medidas indican un grado elevado y homogéneo de grasa dorsal, característica frecuentemente constatada en razas de cerdos no mejoradas (razas locales) existentes en todo el mundo.
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Garnacho-Castaño MV, Palau-Salvà G, Cuenca E, Muñoz-González A, García-Fernández P, Del Carmen Lozano-Estevan M, Veiga-Herreros P, Maté-Muñoz JL, Domínguez R. Effects of a single dose of beetroot juice on cycling time trial performance at ventilatory thresholds intensity in male triathletes. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2018; 15:49. [PMID: 30286760 PMCID: PMC6172780 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-018-0255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Beetroot juice (BJ) is classified as a high-level supplement for improving sports performance. There is some controversy over the benefits of BJ supplementation for endurance exercise performance, especially when referring to well-trained athletes. This study examines the effects of acute BJ supplementation on cardioventilatory responses, exercise economy/efficiency, slow component of oxygen uptake, time trial performance, blood lactate, energy consumption, and carbohydrate and fat oxidation. Methods Twelve well-trained, male triathletes (aged 21–47 yr) were assigned in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design to receive 70 ml of BJ (6.5 mmol NO3−) or placebo (PL). Three hours after taking the supplement, participants completed an endurance test on a cycle ergometer at a constant work rate (W) corresponding to first ventilatory threshold (VT1) (30 min) and second ventilatory threshold (VT2) time trial (~ 15 min). Results Maximal oxygen uptake was 54.78 ± 3.13 mL·min− 1·kg− 1, and gross efficiency was > 22% at each load intensity and experimental condition. No significant interaction effect (supplement*intensity) was observed on any of the cardioventilatory variables, efficiency/economy, VT2 time trial, energy expenditure, carbohydrate oxidation and fat oxidation (p > 0.05). Conclusion Our findings do not support an improvement in the variables examined in response to acute BJ supplementation. Probably, higher doses are needed for improving time trial performance in male triathletes during a cycle ergometer test conducted at a load intensity equivalent to the first and second ventilatory threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Vicente Garnacho-Castaño
- Research group in physical activity, performance and health (GRI-AFIRS), School of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus-Pompeu Fabra University, Ernest Lluch, 32 (Porta Laietana) 08302 Mataró, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Guillem Palau-Salvà
- Research group in physical activity, performance and health (GRI-AFIRS), School of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus-Pompeu Fabra University, Ernest Lluch, 32 (Porta Laietana) 08302 Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Cuenca
- Research group in physical activity, performance and health (GRI-AFIRS), School of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus-Pompeu Fabra University, Ernest Lluch, 32 (Porta Laietana) 08302 Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arturo Muñoz-González
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avenida Universidad, 1, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo García-Fernández
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avenida Universidad, 1, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Lozano-Estevan
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avenida Universidad, 1, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Veiga-Herreros
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avenida Universidad, 1, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Maté-Muñoz
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avenida Universidad, 1, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avenida Universidad, 1, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
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Ventura Comes A, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Martínez-Sanz JM, Domínguez R. Analysis of Nutritional Supplements Consumption by Squash Players. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1341. [PMID: 30241327 PMCID: PMC6213714 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to analyse nutritional supplements (NS) consumption by squash players of different levels (international vs. national). A total of 14 international players and 28 national ones answered a NS consumption frequency questionnaire that had been previously validated. A T-Student test was used for independent samples and a χ² test was used in the comparative analysis among athletes of different levels. International level players consume NS in greater proportion vs. national level players (100% vs. 67.9% p = 0.017), with differences in the consumption of bicarbonate of soda, glutamine, branched-chain amino acids, and flaxseed oil (p < 0.05). Even though international level athletes show a greater total number of NS, as well as of the total of NS of each of the categories based on scientific evidence level (sports food, medical supplements, and ergogenic aids of groups A, B, C, and D) in relation to the national level athletes, no statistically significant differences were detected (p > 0.05). With regard to nutritional advice, there are also differences among performance levels (p = 0.003), being personal trainers (28.6%) and dietitians-nutritionists (21.4%) the greatest prescribers when it comes to international-level players, whereas 55.6% of the national-level players do not receive nutritional advice. The pattern of NS consumption, based on evidence level, is unbalanced and its performance could be favored if the dietitian-nutritionist were included as a nutritional advisor for these athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ventura Comes
- Faculty of Health Sciences of Universidad Isabel I, Universidad Isabel I, 09004 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Sánchez-Oliver
- Faculty of Sports Sciences of Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41004 Sevilla, Spain.
- Human Motricity and Sports Performance Area, University of Seville, 41004 Sevilla, Spain.
| | | | - Raúl Domínguez
- Faculty of Health Sciences of Universidad Isabel I, Universidad Isabel I, 09004 Burgos, Spain.
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Andrés-Benito P, Domínguez R, Colomina MJ, Llorens F, Povedano M, Ferrer I. YKL40 in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: cerebrospinal fluid levels as a prognosis marker of disease progression. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 10:2367-2382. [PMID: 30215603 PMCID: PMC6188478 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has variable clinical course and fatal outcome. Since inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of ALS, chitinase-3-like protein 1 or YKL40 has been assessed as putative biomarker of disease progression. YKL40 mRNA levels are increased in anterior horn of the spinal cord (P=0.004) in sporadic ALS (sALS) cases when compared with age-matched controls. These correlate with increased mRNA expression of microglial markers AIF1 and CD68 in the spinal cord in sALS (P=0.044 and P=0.000, respectively). YKL40 mRNA and protein expression had a tendency to increase in post-mortem frontal cortex area 8 (P=0.06 and P=0.08, respectively). Yet YKL40 immunoreactivity is restricted to a subpopulation of astrocytes in these regions. YKL40 protein levels, as revealed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), are significantly increased in the CSF in sALS (n=86) compared with age-matched controls (n=21) (P=0.045). Higher levels are found in patients with fast progression when compared with patients with slow and normal progression (P=0.008 and P=0.004, respectively), and correlates with ALS-FRS-R slope (P=0.000). Additionally, increased protein levels of neurofilament light chain (NF-L) are also found in sALS (P=0.000); highest values are found in patients with fast progression when compared with cases with slow and normal progression (P=0.005 and P=0.000, respectively), and also correlate with ALS-FRS-R slope (P=0.000). Pearson's correlation test linked positively the increased levels of YKL40 with increased NF-L levels (P=0.013). These data point to YKL40 and NF-L protein levels in the CSF as a good biomarker combination of disease progression in sALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Andrés-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J Colomina
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Bellvitge University Hospital - University of Barcelona L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Franc Llorens
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Povedano
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Neuropathology, Pathologic Anatomy Service, Bellvitge University Hospital, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Cuenca E, Jodra P, Pérez-López A, González-Rodríguez LG, Fernandes da Silva S, Veiga-Herreros P, Domínguez R. Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Performance and Fatigue in a 30-s All-Out Sprint Exercise: A Randomized, Double-Blind Cross-Over Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1222. [PMID: 30181436 PMCID: PMC6164999 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a nitric oxide precursor, beetroot juice (BJ) is known to enhance high-intensity exercise performance (80⁻100% VO2max) yet its impacts on higher intensity sprint exercise (>100% VO2max) remain to be established. This study sought to examine the effects of BJ supplementation on performance and subsequent fatigue during an all-out sprint exercise. Using a randomized cross-over, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, 15 healthy resistance-trained men (22.4 ± 1.6 years) ingested 70 mL of either BJ or placebo. Three hours later, participants undertook a 30-s all-out Wingate test. Before and after the sprint exercise and at 30 s and 180 s post-exercise, three countermovement jumps (CMJ) were performed and blood lactate samples were obtained. Compared to placebo, BJ consumption improved peak (placebo vs. BJ, 848 ± 134 vs. 881 ± 135 W; p = 0.049) and mean (641 ± 91 vs. 666 ± 100 W; p = 0.023) power output and also reduced the time taken to reach Wpeak in the Wingate test (8.9 ± 1.4 vs. 7.3 ± 0.9 s; p = 0.003). No differences were detected in the fatigue index. In addition, while over time CMJ height and power diminished (ANOVA p < 0.001) and blood lactate levels increased (ANOVA p < 0.001), no supplementation effect was observed. Our findings indicate that while BJ supplementation improved performance at the 30-s cycling sprint, this improvement was not accompanied by differences in fatigue during or after this type of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Cuenca
- GRI-AFIRS, Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, TecnoCampus-Universidad Pompeu Fabra, Mataró, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Pablo Jodra
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Alfonso X El Sabio, 28691 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
| | - Alberto Pérez-López
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
| | - Liliana G González-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Alfonso X El Sabio, 28691 Madrid, Spain.
- Investigation Group Valornut, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense de Madrid, 28691 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sandro Fernandes da Silva
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPE N), University of Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, Brazil.
| | | | - Raúl Domínguez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Isabel I, 09004 Burgos, Spain.
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Abstract
1. The influence of gender on chemical composition, physicochemical parameters, fatty acid profile, amino acid and mineral composition of turkey breast and thigh meat was studied in order to assess nutrient requirements. 2. Chemical composition showed that only intramuscular fat in breast meat was significantly affected by gender (p < 0.05). The results showed a higher percentage of intramuscular fat in male samples, almost double the amount found in females (0.73% vs. 0.38%). 3.For meat colour parameters, only a* showed different results between sexes, with male samples (breast: p < 0.01; thigh: p < 0.001) having the highest values. 4. Fatty acid profiles showed that medium chain unsaturated fatty acids were the most abundant. The significant differences (p < 0.05) found in both breast and thigh muscle could be linked to a difference in metabolism between males and females. 5.There were higher levels of C16:1n-7 in females (breast: p < 0.001; thigh: p < 0.01) compared with male muscle sample (5.05 vs. 2.67 g/100 g in breast and 4.95 vs. 3.27 g/100 g in thigh). Nutritional indices (n-6/n-3 and thrombogenic index) were more favourable in female samples demonstrating that female turkeys had better fatty acid profile than the others. 6. Turkey meat is an important source of dietary amino acids, and female samples had the highest contents both of essential and non-essential amino acids. Furthermore, gender had a numeric effect (p > 0.05) on amino acid composition. 7. Mineral composition showed that Na, Zn and Fe were the minerals most affected by turkey gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gálvez
- a COREN, Sociedad Cooperativa Galega , Ourense , Spain
| | - R Domínguez
- b Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia , Ourense , Spain
| | - M Pateiro
- b Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia , Ourense , Spain
| | - J Carballo
- c Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense , Universidad de Vigo , Ourense , Spain
| | - I Tomasevic
- d Department of Animal Source Food Technology , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - J M Lorenzo
- b Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia , Ourense , Spain
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Maté-Muñoz JL, Lougedo JH, Garnacho-Castaño MV, Veiga-Herreros P, Lozano-Estevan MDC, García-Fernández P, de Jesús F, Guodemar-Pérez J, San Juan AF, Domínguez R. Effects of β-alanine supplementation during a 5-week strength training program: a randomized, controlled study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2018; 15:19. [PMID: 29713250 PMCID: PMC5918575 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-018-0224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-Alanine (BA) is a non-essential amino acid that has been shown to enhance exercise performance. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if BA supplementation improved the adaptive response to five weeks of a resistance training program. METHODS Thirty healthy, strength-trained individuals were randomly assigned to the experimental groups placebo (PLA) or BA. Over 5 weeks of strength training, subjects in BA took 6.4 g/day of BA as 8 × 800 mg doses each at least 1.5 h apart. The training program consisted of 3 sessions per week in which three different leg exercises were conducted as a circuit (back squat, barbell step ups and loaded jumping lunges). The program started with 3 sets of 40 s of work per exercise and rest periods between sets of 120 s in the first week. This training volume was then gradually built up to 5 sets of 20 s work/60 s rest in the fifth week. The work load during the program was set by one of the authors according to the individual's perceived effort the previous week. The variables measured were average velocity, peak velocity, average power, peak power, and load in kg in a back squat, incremental load, one-repetition maximum (1RM) test. In addition, during the rest period, jump ability (jump height and power) was assessed on a force platform. To compare data, a general linear model with repeated measures two-way analysis of variance was used. RESULTS Significantly greater training improvements were observed in the BA group versus PLA group (p = 0.045) in the variables average power at 1RM (BA: 42.65%, 95% CI, 432.33, 522.52 VS. PLA: 21.07%, 95% CI, 384.77, 482.19) and average power at maximum power output (p = 0.037) (BA: 20.17%, 95% CI, 637.82, 751.90 VS. PLA; 10.74%, 95% CI, 628.31, 751.53). The pre- to post training average power gain produced at 1RM in BA could be explained by a greater maximal strength gain, or load lifted at 1RM (p = 0.014) (24 kg, 95% CI, 19.45, 28.41 VS. 16 kg, 95% CI, 10.58, 20.25) and in the number of sets executed (p = 0.025) in the incremental load test (BA: 2.79 sets, 95% CI, 2.08, 3.49 VS. PLA: 1.58 sets, 95% CI, 0.82, 2.34). CONCLUSIONS β-Alanine supplementation was effective at increasing power output when lifting loads equivalent to the individual's maximal strength or when working at maximum power output. The improvement observed at 1RM was explained by a greater load lifted, or strength gain, in response to training in the participants who took this supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Maté-Muñoz
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avda, Universidad 1, Building C, 3rd floor, Office C-A15, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan H. Lougedo
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avda, Universidad 1, Building C, 3rd floor, Office C-A15, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel V. Garnacho-Castaño
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, TecnoCampus, College of Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Ernest Lluch, 32 (Porta Laietana), 08302 Mataró-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Veiga-Herreros
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avda, Universidad 1, Building C, 3rd floor, Office C-A04, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - María del Carmen Lozano-Estevan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avda, Universidad 1, Building D, 3rd floor, Office D-342, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo García-Fernández
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avda, Universidad, 1, Building C, 3rd floor, Office C-H05, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando de Jesús
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avda, Universidad 1, Building D, 3rd floor, Office D-348, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Guodemar-Pérez
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Camilo José Cela University, Urb, Villafranca del Castillo, Calle Castillo de Alarcón, 49, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro F. San Juan
- Department of Health and Human Performance. Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Polytechnic University, Social Building, 2nd floor, Office 205, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Avda, Universidad 1, Building C, 3rd floor, Office C-A12, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, Spain
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Lorenzo J, Domínguez R, Franco D, Bermúdez R, Purriños L, Pateiro M. Efecto de la edad de sacrificio en el perfil de ácidos grasos de cerdos de raza Celta. ARCH ZOOTEC 2018. [DOI: 10.21071/az.v67isupplement.3610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
El cerdo Celta es una raza autóctona del noroeste de España, caracterizada por su rusticidad y su adaptación a las condiciones ambientales, por lo que pueden ser criados en régimen extensivo y semi-extensivo. Se estudió el efecto de la edad de sacrificio (12, 14 y 16 meses) en el perfil de ácidos grasos del cerdo Celta. Para este estudio fue usado el músculo longissimus dorsi de 45 machos castrados del genotipo Carballiña. El análisis estadístico revela que los ácidos grasos más abundantes fueron los monoinsaturados, los cuales no mostraron diferencias (P>0.05) entre las edades de sacrificio. El contenido en ácidos grasos saturados incrementó (P
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