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Kirkegaard MK. Ocular adnexal lymphoma: Subtype‐specific clinical and genetic features. Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100 Suppl 270:3-37. [DOI: 10.1111/aos.15248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Knudsen Kirkegaard
- Department of Pathology, Eye Section, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
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Involvement of Helicobacter Pylori in Ocular Adnexa Lymphoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2020; 26:2075-2081. [PMID: 32557170 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-020-00848-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori has been proposed as a possible etiologic factor of ocular adnexa lymphoma (OAL), although with conflicting results. To assess the involvement of H. pylori in OAL, as (1) H. pylori DNA positivity on OAL specimens, and (2) prevalence of H. pylori gastric infection in patients with OAL. A systematic review of studies assessing H. pylori in patients with OAL was conducted by searching electronic databases from their inception to May 2019. Pooled positivity for H. pylori in OAL specimens detected by polymerase chain reaction, and pooled prevalence of H. pylori gastric infection, were calculated with 95% confidence interval (CI). Eleven studies with 308 patients were included. Pooled positivity for H. pylori was 16.8% in all OALs and 22.7% in MALT OAL, with high heterogeneity among studies. Pooled prevalence of H. pylori gastric infection in patients with OAL was 34.7%, with low statistical heterogeneity. In conclusion, H. pylori seems to be involved in a subset of OAL, but the heterogeneity found needs to be investigated in further studies. The prevalence of H. pylori gastric infection in patients with OAL does not seem to differ from that of the general population.
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Travaglino A, Varricchio S, Pace M, Iuliano A, Picardi M, Tranfa F, Staibano S, Mascolo M. Hepatitis C virus in MALT-lymphoma of the ocular adnexa. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152864. [PMID: 32088088 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been proposed as a possible etiologic factor in ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphoma (OAML). We aimed to assess the prevalence of HCV infection in patients with OAML through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Electronic databases were searched from their inception to August 2019 for studies assessing HCV seroprevalence in patients with OAML. Pooled prevalence of HCV infection was calculated with 95 % confidence interval (CI). Statistical heterogeneity among studies was quantified via the inconsistency index (I2). Funnel plot symmetry was used to assess the risk of bias across studies. RESULTS Nine studies with 360 patients were included. Overall pooled prevalence of HCV in OAML was 12.7 %, with low statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 17.4 %) and with asymmetrical funnel plot. The studies clustered into two groups: 5 studies (3 from Italy and 2 multicenter with a major Italian contribution) showed a higher HCV prevalence in OAML (15.6 %), while the other 4 (from countries other than Italy) showed a lower prevalence (4.7 %); in both subgroups, statistical heterogeneity was null (I2 = 0%) and funnel plot was symmetrical. CONCLUSION HCV might be a significant etiologic factor of OAML in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Travaglino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Varricchio
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Mirella Pace
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Adriana Iuliano
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Ophthalmology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Picardi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Hematology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Fausto Tranfa
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Ophthalmology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Staibano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Mascolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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Jung SK, Paik JS, Park GS, Cho SG, Yang SW. Refractory follicular conjunctival lesions: overlook as just inflammation or not? Br J Ophthalmol 2019; 103:1660-1665. [PMID: 30709807 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the clinical manifestations of 199 patients with suspected conjunctival lymphoma, the associations between these features and the pathological diagnoses, and the prognosis of conjunctival lesions during long-term follow-up. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of 199 patients who underwent conjunctival biopsy on suspicion of conjunctival lymphoproliferative disease between January 2008 and June 2015. We focused on slit-lamp findings in the conjunctiva and the pathological diagnoses. RESULTS In total, 261 specimens of 199 patients were included in this study. The median age of patients was 42 years (range, 16-87 years), and those over 60 years of age constituted 17.1% of all patients. The proportion finally diagnosed with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas was 58.2%. In these patients, the most common slit-lamp findings were the 'salmon patch' appearance (73.7%), followed by a follicular appearance (14.5%) and a nodular or subconjunctival mass (6.6%). Bilateral ocular manifestations were more common in patients with disease with the follicular appearance, as compared with patients with the salmon-patch appearance. CONCLUSION Conjunctival MALT lymphoma presents in various ways, not only with the salmon-patch appearance. Therefore, biopsy should be considered if suspicion is raised, even though the conjunctival lesion does not exhibit the typical appearance of MALT lymphoma. In cases of follicular lesions responding poorly to topical steroids, a conjunctival MALT lymphoma may be suspected, given that chronic inflammation may precede neoplasia in patients with extranodal marginal zone lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kyung Jung
- Eye Clinic Hospital, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Paik
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyeong-Sin Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Goo Cho
- Department of Hematology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Woo Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Kim YS, Na YC, Huh WH, Kim JM. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma on right lower eyelid previously diagnosed as lymphoid hyperplasia. Arch Craniofac Surg 2019; 20:66-70. [PMID: 30703865 PMCID: PMC6411520 DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2018.02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is an uncommon form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma involving the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Most commonly affected organ is the stomach. But, it could affect almost every organ in the whole body. If they have suspicious lesion, excision biopsy could be made. For staging, blood test including blood smear, abdomen and chest tomography or scan will be checked. Also, bone marrow test can be done if it is needed. The patient had visited the clinic for palpable mass on right lower eyelid. With excisional biopsy, it was diagnosed as lymphoid hyperplasia on pathologic test. But 2 years later, the patient came with recurrent symptom for our department with worry. At that time, we recommended excisional soft tissue biopsy under general anesthesia. Unfortunately, it was revealed MALT lymphoma on pathologic finding. It turned out to be stage 3 in Ann Arbor staging system without B symptoms. Hematologic consultation was made and she was treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for eight cycles to complete remission. We report a case of MALT lymphoma on subcutaneous tissue at right lower eyelid previously diagnosed as lymphoid hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Seok Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Young Cheon Na
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Woo Hoe Huh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
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Characteristics of primary extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma in Korea: conjunctiva versus other ocular adnexa. Br J Ophthalmol 2017; 102:502-508. [DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AimsTo compare the clinical characteristics and prognosis of primary conjunctival versus other ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (EMZL).MethodsRetrospective review of clinical records for all consecutive patients with primary ocular adnexal EMZL treated from March 1995 to December 2015.Results198 patients were evaluated including 81 with primary conjunctival and 117 with other ocular adnexal EMZL. Conjunctival EMZL was found at a younger age (40.3±10.3vs 54.3±13.4 years, p<0.0001) with a female predilection (75.3%vs35.9%, p<0.0001) and had a higher rate of bilaterality (40.7%vs11.1%, p<0.0001) and a lower rate of systemic involvement (1.2%vs9.4%, p=0.030) compared with other ocular adnexal EMZLs. Conjunctival EMZL also showed a higher rate of complete response to primary treatment (98.8%vs89.5%, p=0.016) than other ocular adnexal EMZLs; however, recurrence and lymphoma-related death rates were not different between the two groups (p>0.05). Kaplan-Meier estimates for disease-specific survival at 5 and 10 years were 98.2% and 98.2% in conjunctival and 98.6%, respectively, and 95.2% in other ocular adnexal EMZLs. Univariate analysis showed that systemic involvement was negatively associated with conjunctival tumour location and positively associated with age (OR=0.35 and OR=1.05, p=0.045 and p=0.012, respectively), and treatment response was positively associated with conjunctival tumour location and negatively associated with age (OR=3.02 and OR=0.95, p=0.035 and p=0.009, respectively).ConclusionsConjunctival EMZL shows unique demographic characteristic compared with other ocular adnexal EMZLs. Long-term follow-up is required due to late recurrence in ocular adnexal EMZL.
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Guffey Johnson J, Terpak LA, Margo CE, Setoodeh R. Extranodal Marginal Zone B-cell Lymphoma of the Ocular Adnexa. Cancer Control 2017; 23:140-9. [PMID: 27218791 DOI: 10.1177/107327481602300208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-grade B-cell lymphomas located around the eye present unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma is the most common lymphoma of the ocular adnexa (conjunctiva, orbit, lacrimal gland, and eyelid). METHODS A systematic search of the relevant literature was performed. Material pertinent to the diagnosis, prognosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa was identified, reviewed, and analyzed, focusing on management strategies for primary localized disease. RESULTS The primary cause of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa remains elusive, although an infectious agent is suspected. Radiotherapy is the most common initial treatment for localized disease. Initial treatment with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and antibiotics has shown promising results, but the number of series is limited and controlled trials do not exist. CONCLUSIONS Although the long-term outcome of localized extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa is good, optimal treatment remains a goal. The variation in rates of local and systemic relapse among treated stage 1E tumors suggests that critical factors affecting outcomes are not fully understood. Radiotherapy is the standard of care; at this time, the evidence is insufficient to recommend chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or antibiotics for initial treatment of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma localized to the ocular adnexa. Well-controlled comparative studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Guffey Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa 33612, USA.
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Carroll WJ, Peck T, Jenkins TL, Karcioglu ZA. Periocular, periorbital, and orbital pathology in liver disease. Surv Ophthalmol 2017; 62:134-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Richards H, Ramsden C, Naidoo R, Yvon C, Jacob E, Mohamedbhai S. Ocular adnexal lymphomas: a review. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2017.1280394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huw Richards
- North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Conor Ramsden
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | | | - Camille Yvon
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Frimley Park Hospital, Portsmouth Road, Frimley, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Sajir Mohamedbhai
- North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
- University College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Sassone M, Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJM. Ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphoma: Clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2016; 30:118-130. [PMID: 28288706 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphoma (OAML) represents 1-2% of all non Hodgkin lymphomas. In the last few years many advances in understanding the pathogenesis and the molecular basis involved in its development have been done. Many potential risk factors have been proposed; a dysregulation of immune response in association with a chronic antigenic stimulation, have been hypothesized as possible pathogenic mechanism. In particular, Chlamydia psittaci infection has been related to OAML arising, and eradicating antibiotic therapy has been addressed as a safe and cost-effective approach. Management of OAML is still heterogeneous and matter of debate. There is no consensus about the best upfront treatment and therapeutic decision should take into account several patient-, lymphoma- and treatment-related factors. Novel agents and chemotherapy-free strategies are being investigated to reduce side effects and improve tumor control. This review is focused in recent knowledge improvements in this lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Sassone
- Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Università Vita e Salute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrés J M Ferreri
- Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.
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Review article: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type lymphoma of ocular adnexa. Biology and treatment. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 100:37-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Abstract
Ocular adnexal lymphoma (OAL) is a relatively common lesion in the practice of ophthalmic oncology. Although OALs are usually primary tumors, secondary involvement of the ocular adnexae by systemic lymphoma is also possible. The clinical and radiological features of OAL are non-specific. Thorough morphological evaluation, aided by immunostaining, cytogenetic studies and molecular testing, are necessary for accurate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustubh Mulay
- National Reporting Centre for Ophthalmic Pathology (NRCOP), Centre For Sight, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Santosh G Honavar
- Oculoplastics, Facial Aesthetics and Ocular Oncology, Centre For Sight, Hyderabad, India
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Lee MJ, Kim N, Choe JY, Khwarg SI, Jeon YK, Choung HK, Kim JE. Clinicopathological Analysis of Ocular Adnexal Extranodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma with IgG4-Positive Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131458. [PMID: 26111022 PMCID: PMC4481416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to analyze clinical and pathological
characteristics of ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone B-cell
lymphoma (EMZL) accompanying IgG4-positive cells. Fifty patients with a diagnosis of primary non-conjunctival ocular adnexal EMZL were enrolled in this study. The number of IgG4-positive cells and the ratio of IgG/IgG4 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in the biopsy specimens. The patients were divided into two groups based on the absolute number and the ratio of IgG4-positive cells (IgG4-posivite vs IgG4-negative groups). The demographic data, clinical staging at diagnosis, histopathological characteristics, and response to initial treatment were comparatively analyzed between the 2 groups. Five (10%) of 50 patients were defined as IgG4-positive group, and all the cases showed characteristic histological features such as extensive plasma cell infiltration and dense fibrosis. Most of these patients (4 of 5 patients) had lymphoma of the lacrimal gland. The patients from the IgG4-positive group showed a lower response rate to initial treatment (87.5 vs 33%, p = 0.03) than IgG4-negative group with a median follow-up period of 38 months. A part of the ocular adnexal EMZLs were accompanied with IgG4-positive cells. Significantly, most IgG4-positive ocular adnexal EMZLs occurred in the lacrimal gland, and can be related with a more frequent treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Joung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Namju Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seungnam, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Choe
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seungnam, Korea
| | - Sang In Khwarg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Kyung Choung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (HKC); (JEK)
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (HKC); (JEK)
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Kirkegaard MM, Coupland SE, Prause JU, Heegaard S. Malignant lymphoma of the conjunctiva. Surv Ophthalmol 2015; 60:444-58. [PMID: 26003619 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Conjunctival lymphomas constitute 25% of all ocular adnexal lymphomas. The majority are B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) (98%), whereas conjunctival T-cell NHLs are rare (2%). The most frequent subtype of conjunctival B-cell lymphoma is extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL; 81%), followed by follicular lymphoma (8%), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (3%), and mantle cell lymphoma (3%). Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma occurs slightly more often in women and, along with follicular lymphoma, presents late in the seventh decade of life, whereas diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and especially mantle cell lymphoma have a predilection for the male gender and typically present in the eighth decade. Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma and follicular lymphoma present most frequently in the forniceal and bulbar conjunctiva. Conjunctival diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma and T-cell NHLs are characterized by a short duration of symptoms before the first ophthalmologic consultation. External beam radiotherapy is the treatment of choice for extranodal marginal zone lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, whereas diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and T-cell NHLs are mainly treated with chemotherapy. Conjunctival T-cell NHLs are associated with a particularly poor prognosis, with 50% of patients having progression or recurrence during a 1-year follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina M Kirkegaard
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Eye Pathology Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jan U Prause
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Eye Pathology Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Eye Pathology Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Ophthalmology, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Reporte de caso: linfoma no Hodgkin tipo MALT extralinfoide. GACETA MEXICANA DE ONCOLOGÍA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gamo.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Moslehi R, Schymura MJ, Nayak S, Coles FB. Ocular adnexal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a review of epidemiology and risk factors. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2014; 6:181-193. [PMID: 23976898 DOI: 10.1586/eop.11.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ocular adnexal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), the most common form of ophthalmic NHL, has a unique incidence pattern showing a steady and rapid increase in the past few decades, nearly equal rates among both genders, and predominance among Asians/Pacific Islanders. No major cause for ocular adnexal NHL has been identified, although infectious agents, immune disorders and genetic/epigenetic factors have all been implicated in its etiology. Identifying putative risk factors and biologic mechanisms leading to carcinogenesis in ocular adnexal NHL may enable implementation of effective preventive and/or therapeutic approaches for this malignancy. This article summarizes current knowledge on epidemiology of ocular adnexal NHL and the role of various potential risk factors in its etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Moslehi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, NY, USA ; Cancer Research Center, State University of New York at Albany, NY, USA
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Cai JP, Cheng JW, Ma XY, Li YZ, Li Y, Huang X, Wei RL. Lack of association of conjunctival MALT lymphoma with Chlamydiae or Helicobacter pylori in a cohort of Chinese patients. Med Sci Monit 2012; 18:BR84-88. [PMID: 22293871 PMCID: PMC3560575 DOI: 10.12659/msm.882462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to detect microbial pathogens in conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma specimens in an attempt to determine possible associations between conjunctival MALT lymphoma and microbial infections. MATERIAL/METHODS Using PCR technique, freshly obtained tumor specimens from 16 cases of conjunctival MALT lymphoma, as confirmed by postoperative pathology, were analyzed for DNA of Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci), Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis), Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Synthetic C. psittaci, C. trachomatis, C. pneumoniae and H. pylori DNA were used as positive control, and blank plasmid DNA as negative control. RESULTS Electrophoresis showed that no bands corresponding to the positive control were observed in the specimens, indicating that no DNA of the 4 microorganisms was detected in the specimens of the 16 cases of conjunctival MALT lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS The PCR technique was able to detect the positive control quickly and accurately, but the results of PCR in analyzing the 16 specimens were negative, indicating that there is no association between conjunctival MALT lymphoma and the 4 microorganisms in Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ping Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, 2nd Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Collina F, De Chiara A, De Renzo A, De Rosa G, Botti G, Franco R. Chlamydia psittaci in ocular adnexa MALT lymphoma: a possible role in lymphomagenesis and a different geographical distribution. Infect Agent Cancer 2012; 7:8. [PMID: 22472082 PMCID: PMC3355003 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-7-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular adnexa MALT-lymphomas represent approximatively 5-15% of all extranodal lymphomas. Almost 75% of OAMLs are localized in orbital fat, while 25% of cases involves conjunctive. MALT-lymphomas often recognize specific environmental factors responsible of lymphoma development and progression. In particular as Helicobacter pylori in gastric MALT lymphomas, other bacterial infections have been recognized related to MALT lymphomas in specific site. Recently Chlamydia psittaci has been identified in Ocular Adnexa MALT lymphomas, with variable frequence dependently from geographic areas. Thus bacterial infection is responsible of clonal selection on induced MALT with subsequent lymphoma development. Moreover Chlamydia psittaci could promote chromosomal aberration either through genetic instability as a consequence of induced proliferation and probably through DNA oxidative damage. The most common translocation described in MALT lymphomas affects NF-kB pathway with a substantial antiapoptotic effect. Several therapeutic approaches are now available, but the use of antibiotic-therapy in specific cases, although with conflicting results, could improve the treatment of ocular adnexa MALT lymphomas. In this review we analyse the most relevant features of Ocular adnexa MALT lymphomas, underlining specific biological characteristics mainly related to the potential role of Chlamydia psittaci in lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Collina
- Pathology Unit, National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Pascale", Naples, Italy.
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Kominato S, Nakayama T, Sato F, Yamada S, Xia H, Fujiyoshi Y, Hattori H, Inagaki H. Characterization of chromosomal aberrations in thymic MALT lymphoma. Pathol Int 2012; 62:93-8. [PMID: 22243778 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2011.02764.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma arising in the thymus is a rare disorder that shows a strong association with autoimmune disease. Several MALT-lymphoma-specific and -associated chromosomal abnormalities, including t(11;18), t(14;18), t(1;14), trisomy 3 and trisomy 18, are known to occur. The former translocation results in apoptosis inhibitor 2 gene (API2)-MALT lymphoma-associated translocation 1 (MALT1) fusion. In this study, we examined 14 cases of thymic MALT lymphomas for API2-MALT1 fusion using multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and looked for trisomy 3, trisomy 18 and abnormalities of MALT1 and IGH genes using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Thymic MALT lymphoma cases had a high frequency of trisomy 3 (7/14 cases), a very low incidence of trisomy 18 (1/14) and no detectable MALT1-associated (0/13) or IGH-associated (0/13) gene abnormalities including t(11;18). A review of the literature showed that the pattern of chromosomal aberrations in thymic MALT lymphoma was similar to those of thyroid and salivary gland MALT lymphomas. Although frequently detected, trisomy 3 was not associated with any of the clinicopathological factors analyzed, suggesting that trisomy 3 may play a role in lymphoma development. In conclusion, the present study showed that thymic MALT lymphoma has a characteristic pattern of chromosomal aberrations that may be similar to those of other autoimmune-associated MALT lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Kominato
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma of the Lacrimal Gland: Sustained Remission after Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori Infection. Case Rep Gastrointest Med 2011; 2011:945752. [PMID: 22606434 PMCID: PMC3350112 DOI: 10.1155/2011/945752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is the third most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and it is strongly associated with helicobacter pylori infection of the stomach. MALT lymphoma of the lacrimal gland usually presents as a localized disease process in extranodal tissues. The treatment options of MALT lymphoma of the lacrimal gland chiefly include radiation of the tumor, chemotherapy, surgical removal, or a combination of these strategies. We report a case of localized MALT lymphoma of the lacrimal gland, with prolonged sustained remission after eradication of gastric Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection. He sustains in remission of lacrimal MALT lymphoma for four years without chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
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Coupland SE. A possible new role for Helicobacter pylori in the development of ocular adnexal lymphoma. Am J Hematol 2010; 85:641-2. [PMID: 20669177 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.21820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Ocular adnexal lymphomas comprise 1% to 2% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas and about 8% of extranodal lymphomas. They are a heterogeneous group of malignancies, the majority of which are primary extranodal lymphoma with most (up to 80%) of the marginal zone of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue type (MALT lymphoma). This review will encompass the incidence, histology, immunophenotyping, recent advances in molecular and cytogenetics, clinical features including outcome, and prognostic factors. The association with Chlamydia psittaci and the very recently recognized occurrence in the context of IgG4-related sclerosing disease will be discussed. Finally, traditional (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy) and newer forms of therapy (immunotherapy and radioimmunotherapy) will be reviewed.
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