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De La Cruz JP, Iserte-Terrer L, Rodríguez-Pérez MD, Ortega-Hombrados L, Sánchez-Tévar AM, Arrebola-Ramírez MM, Fernández-Prior MÁ, Verdugo-Cabello C, Espejo-Calvo JA, González-Correa JA. Effects of Some Olive Fruits-Derived Products on Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Biomarkers on Experimental Diabetes Mellitus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1127. [PMID: 39334786 PMCID: PMC11429296 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13091127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the possible effect of olive seed oil (OSO) and destoned and dehydrated olive oil (DDOO), in comparison with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), on some cardiovascular biomarkers in an experimental model of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic animals showed evident alterations in biomarkers involved in the evolution of diabetic vasculopathy, marked by increases in biomarkers that favor vascular damage, which was between 1.5 and five times as many as those in non-diabetic animals, and a smaller number of biomarkers that protect against such damage (25-75% less than in healthy controls) was observed. The three oils administered decreased the concentration of biomarkers of vascular damage (35-45% in the serum lipid profile, 15-40% in early biomarkers of vascular inflammation and 20-60% in platelet aggregation and in thromboxane/prostacyclin imbalance). The greatest effect was by the antioxidant, both in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and in the increase of glutathione. DDOO showed a significantly greater effect on oxidative stress and on thromboxane/prostacyclin imbalance than those shown by OSO and EVOO. This greater effect may possibly be explained by its higher triterpenoid content (913 mg/kg, compared to 113 mg/kg in OSO and 75 mg/kg in EVOO). We conclude, in the light of the results of this study, that these oils meet two basic conditions: they could improve the yield of the olive industry, and they equal, and may even increase, the beneficial effects of EVOO on cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pedro De La Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina—IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (J.P.D.L.C.); (L.I.-T.); (L.O.-H.); (A.M.S.-T.); (C.V.-C.); (J.A.G.-C.)
| | - Laura Iserte-Terrer
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina—IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (J.P.D.L.C.); (L.I.-T.); (L.O.-H.); (A.M.S.-T.); (C.V.-C.); (J.A.G.-C.)
| | - María Dolores Rodríguez-Pérez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina—IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (J.P.D.L.C.); (L.I.-T.); (L.O.-H.); (A.M.S.-T.); (C.V.-C.); (J.A.G.-C.)
| | - Laura Ortega-Hombrados
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina—IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (J.P.D.L.C.); (L.I.-T.); (L.O.-H.); (A.M.S.-T.); (C.V.-C.); (J.A.G.-C.)
| | - Ana María Sánchez-Tévar
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina—IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (J.P.D.L.C.); (L.I.-T.); (L.O.-H.); (A.M.S.-T.); (C.V.-C.); (J.A.G.-C.)
| | | | | | - Cristina Verdugo-Cabello
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina—IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (J.P.D.L.C.); (L.I.-T.); (L.O.-H.); (A.M.S.-T.); (C.V.-C.); (J.A.G.-C.)
| | - Juan Antonio Espejo-Calvo
- Tecnofood I+D+i Soluciones S.L., Instituto para la Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria (ICSA), 18320 Granada, Spain;
| | - José Antonio González-Correa
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina—IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (J.P.D.L.C.); (L.I.-T.); (L.O.-H.); (A.M.S.-T.); (C.V.-C.); (J.A.G.-C.)
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Luque-Córdoba D, Ledesma-Escobar CA, Priego-Capote F. Qualitative and quantitative determination of phenols and their metabolites in urine by in-syringe solid-phase extraction and LC-MS/MS analysis for evaluation of virgin olive oil metabolism. Talanta 2024; 266:125029. [PMID: 37549566 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
To know the bioavailability of virgin olive oil (VOO) phenols and its impact on health, it is necessary to determine the levels of phenols excreted in urine. We present here a novel strategy for in-syringe solid-phase extraction and analysis of the extract by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), using ammonium fluoride as ionization agent to enhance sensitivity. This approach allows avoiding additional steps such as solvent evaporation or analytes derivatization. The method can be used with a previous acid hydrolysis for quantitative determination of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol to estimate metabolized phenols. We tested this application by analysis of a cohort of volunteers (n = 20) after a standardized intake of VOO. Additionally, the method can be used as such for metabolite profiling of phenolic derivatives in urine using LC-MS/MS in high-resolution data-independent acquisition (DIA). Information about the phenolic profile of the consumed VOO and the human metabolism is thus obtained. The proposed approach represents a simple and versatile tool for qualitative and quantitative characterization of VOO phenolic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Luque-Córdoba
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Chemical Institute for Energy and Environment (IQUEMA), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Frailty & Healthy Ageing, CIBERFES, Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain
| | - C A Ledesma-Escobar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Chemical Institute for Energy and Environment (IQUEMA), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Frailty & Healthy Ageing, CIBERFES, Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain.
| | - F Priego-Capote
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Chemical Institute for Energy and Environment (IQUEMA), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Frailty & Healthy Ageing, CIBERFES, Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain.
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3
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Bender C, Candi I, Rogel E. Efficacy of Hydroxytyrosol-Rich Food Supplements on Reducing Lipid Oxidation in Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065521. [PMID: 36982623 PMCID: PMC10054451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study we report the efficacy of two food supplements derived from olives in reducing lipid oxidation. To this end, 12 healthy volunteers received a single dose (25 mL) of olive phenolics, mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT), provided as a liquid dietary supplement (30.6 or 61.5 mg HT), followed by an investigation of two reliable markers of oxidative stress. Blood and urine samples were collected at baseline and at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, and 12 h post-intake. Plasma-oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) cholesterol levels were measured with ELISA using a monoclonal antibody, while F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) were quantified in urine with UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS. Despite the great variability observed between individuals, a tendency to reduce lipoxidation reactions was observed in the blood in response to a single intake of the food supplements. In addition, the subgroup of individuals with the highest baseline oxLDL level showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in F2-IsoPs at 0.5 and 12 h post-intervention. These promising results suggest that HT supplementation could be a useful aid in preventing lipoxidation. Additionally, people with a redox imbalance could benefit even more from supplementing with bioavailable HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Bender
- Institut Kurz GmbH, 50829 Köln, Germany
- Istituto Kurz Italia S.R.L., 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+39-0521712675
| | | | - Eva Rogel
- Institut Kurz GmbH, 50829 Köln, Germany
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Marrone G, Urciuoli S, Di Lauro M, Ruzzolini J, Ieri F, Vignolini P, Di Daniele F, Guerriero C, Nediani C, Di Daniele N, Noce A. Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Cardiovascular Protection in Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:4265. [PMID: 36296948 PMCID: PMC9607338 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mortality related to chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not only due to the disease itself; in fact, CKD also represents an important risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Among the functional foods that seems to have cardioprotective action, extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) plays a pivotal health-promoting role. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible cardioprotective effects of an EVOO containing a very high content (>900 ppm) of minor phenolic compounds (MPCs). The selected EVOO was analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MS to establish the MPC content. The Olea extract obtained from the selected EVOO was tested against the RAW 264.7 cell line in order to investigate its anti-inflammatory activity. We enrolled 40 CKD patients under conservative therapy for in vivo clinical testing. All CKD patients consumed 40 mL/day of raw EVOO for 9 weeks (T1). At baseline (T0) and at T1, we monitored the patients’ blood and urinary parameters. The patients’ body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis and the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) using ultrasound imaging. At T1, we observed a decrease in inflammatory parameters, CIMT, and oxidative stress biomarkers. We also noticed improvements in lipid and purine metabolism, atherogenic indices, and body composition. Thus, this study highlighted the cardioprotective action of EVOO in nephropathic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine—Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Urciuoli
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis)—DiSIA, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- UOC of Internal Medicine—Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Ieri
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis)—DiSIA, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Pamela Vignolini
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis)—DiSIA, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Daniele
- School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, UOSD of Dermatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Guerriero
- UOC of Internal Medicine—Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine—Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine—Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Hypolipidemic Activity of Olive Oil-Based Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Atorvastatin. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132160. [PMID: 35807995 PMCID: PMC9267979 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, hyperlipidemia is a growing health issue that is considered a risk factor for obesity. Controlling body weight and modifying life style in most of cases are not adequate and the condition requires medical treatment. Statin drugs (mainly Atorvastatin (ATO)), have been used broadly and for long time as medications for handling higher levels of lipid, especially bad cholesterol, which accordingly controls the prevalence of obesity. Still, the obstacle that stands in front of any formulation is the poor solubility of the drug. Low solubility of ATO came up with poor absorption as well as poor bioavailability. This paved the way for the present study, which aimed to exploit nanotechnology and develop certain nanolipid carriers that could accommodate hydrophobic drugs, such as ATO. Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) containing ATO was fabricated using olive oil. Olive oil is natural plant oil possessing confirmed hypolipidemic activity that would help in improving the efficacy of the formulation. Via applying the Quality by Design (QbD) approach, one NLC formula was selected to be optimized based on appropriate size and higher entrapment. Optimized ATO-NLC was scrutinized for zeta potential, in vitro study and kinetic profile. Moreover, stability testing and in vivo hypolipidemic behavior was conducted. The optimized NLC formulation seemed to show particle size (254.23 nm) with neutral zeta potential (−1.77 mV) and entrapment efficiency (69.56%). The formulation could be prolonged for 12 h and provided higher % of release (97.17%). Stability testing confirmed the role of modifying the surface of the formulation with PEG-DSPE in providing a highly stable formulation that could withstand three months storage in two altered conditions. Ultimately, optimized ATO-NLC could successfully lower total cholesterol level in rats induced with obesity and fed a high-fat diet. Remarkably, ATO-NLC prepared with olive oil, in addition to shielding its surface, would provide a stable formulation that holds up the synergistic action between olive oil and ATO.
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Huang Y, Liu C, Huang F, Zhou Q, Zheng C, Liu R, Huang J. Quality evaluation of oil by cold-pressed peanut from different growing regions in China. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1975-1987. [PMID: 35702282 PMCID: PMC9179141 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, twenty-six peanut varieties and their cold-pressed oils from eleven provinces in China were investigated for their oil content, acid value, peroxide value, fatty acid profiles, bioactive constituents, and induction period (IP) of lipid oxidation. Meanwhile, the effect of the geographical origin of peanut on the quality of cold-pressed peanut oils (CPOs) was studied. The average acid value of CPOs in southern China was higher than that in northern China (0.49 mg KOH/g versus 0.22 mg KOH/g, p > .05). In addition, the average of oleic acid content, ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid (O/L), and IP were also higher in southern China than that in northern China (p < .05). However, the average content of campesterol, β-sitosterol, total phytosterol, linoleic acid, and ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid (UFA/SFA) exhibited reverse results (p < .05). At last, the comprehensive evaluation of CPOs based on principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. In all samples, Silihong from Liaoning province, northern China was No.1, and Zhonghua 21 from Xiaogan City, Hubei Province was No.4 which was the first one from southern China. Moreover, heat map clustering analysis further revealed the differences and similarities among different samples, and those results were in accordance with the comprehensive evaluation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Oilseeds ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of ChinaOil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and NutritionWuhanChina
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Oilseeds ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of ChinaOil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and NutritionWuhanChina
| | - Fenghong Huang
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Oilseeds ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of ChinaOil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and NutritionWuhanChina
| | - Qi Zhou
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Oilseeds ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of ChinaOil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and NutritionWuhanChina
| | - Chang Zheng
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Oilseeds ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of ChinaOil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and NutritionWuhanChina
| | - Rui Liu
- Institute of Food and Nutrition DevelopmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijingChina
| | - Jiazhang Huang
- Institute of Food and Nutrition DevelopmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijingChina
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Flynn MM. Letter to the editor re: Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Improves Depression Symptoms Without Affecting Salivary Cortisol and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Patients With Major Depression: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. (JAND 2021). J Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:1239. [PMID: 35276417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Flynn
- Research dietitian, The Miriam Hospital, Associate Professor of Medicine, Brown University, 164 Summit Ave. Providence, RI, 02906.
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Comment on: "Intake of Lycopene and Other Carotenoids and Incidence of Uterine Leiomyomata: A Prospective Ultrasound Study". J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:418. [PMID: 33612171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Høstmark AT. Intended Ranges and Correlations between Percentages of Variables Like Oleic Acid, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, and Arachidonic Acid. Foods 2021; 10:foods10051012. [PMID: 34066523 PMCID: PMC8148551 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In chicken muscle, we previously showed that ranges of oleic acid (OA), arachidonic acid (AA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) might explain why %OA was inversely related to %AA, and that %EPA correlated positively with %AA. We here try to clarify further how ranges of the fatty acids could make strong associations between their relative amounts, utilizing published data from chicken muscle and human sera. We generated random number variables (OA’, AA’, EPA’) in lieu of the true variables, and we studied effects of altering their ranges upon scatterplots of %OA’ vs. %AA’ (%EPA’), and %AA’ vs. %EPA’. To explain the results, we first applied the equation OA’ + AA’ + EPA’ = S, i.e., %OA’ + %AA’ + %EPA’ = 100. Next, we considered how the OA’ (AA’, EPA’) fractions of S related to S. Increasing the OA’ range towards higher values improved the positive association between %AA’ and %EPA’. Thus, increased intake of OA could improve the positive correlations between percentages of eicosanoid precursors, raising the question of whether “intended ranges” of some fatty acids represent a case of evolutionary selection to, e.g., achieve balance between eicosanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Torbjørn Høstmark
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1130 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
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10
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Tomé-Carneiro J, Crespo MC, López de Las Hazas MC, Visioli F, Dávalos A. Olive oil consumption and its repercussions on lipid metabolism. Nutr Rev 2021; 78:952-968. [PMID: 32299100 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of highly processed foods, such as those high in trans fats and free sugars, coupled with sedentarism and chronic stress increases the risk of obesity and cardiometabolic disorders, while adherence to a Mediterranean diet is inversely associated with the prevalence of such diseases. Olive oil is the main source of fat in the Mediterranean diet. Data accumulated thus far show consumption of extra virgin, (poly)phenol-rich olive oil to be associated with specific health benefits. Of note, recommendations for consumption based on health claims refer to the phenolic content of extra virgin olive oil as beneficial. However, even though foods rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, such as olive oil, are healthier than foods rich in saturated and trans fats, their inordinate use can lead to adverse effects on health. The aim of this review was to summarize the data on olive oil consumption worldwide and to critically examine the literature on the potential adverse effects of olive oil and its main components, particularly any effects on lipid metabolism. As demonstrated by substantial evidence, extra virgin olive oil is healthful and should be preferentially used within the context of a balanced diet, but excessive consumption may lead to adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Tomé-Carneiro
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus of International Excellence UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmen Crespo
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus of International Excellence UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus of International Excellence UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus of International Excellence UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus of International Excellence UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Fragopoulou E, Detopoulou P, Alepoudea E, Nomikos T, Kalogeropoulos N, Antonopoulou S. Associations between red blood cells fatty acids, desaturases indices and metabolism of platelet activating factor in healthy volunteers. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2021; 164:102234. [PMID: 33373961 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Platelet-activating-factor is an inflammatory lipid mediator. Key enzymes of its biosynthesis are CDP-choline:1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol-cholinephosphotransferase (PAF-CPT) and acetyl-CoA:lyso-PAF-acetyltransferases (Lyso-PAF-AT) while PAF-AH/Lp-PLA2 degrade PAF. The interplay between PAF and fatty acids metabolism was explored. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a healthy population, PAF levels, its metabolic enzymes activity and RBC fatty acids were measured while desaturases indices (D) were estimated. A principal component analysis was also applied to assess patterns of RBC fatty acids. RESULTS SFA were related to increased PAF biosynthesis and decreased Lp-PLA2 only in women. MUFA were inversely associated with PAF biosynthesis and positively with Lp-PLA2. Omega-6 fatty acids were positively correlated only with PAF-CPT while no significant correlations were observed with n3 fatty acids. D6 index was positively related with PAF biosynthetic enzymes and inversely with Lp-PLA2 while D9 correlated positively with Lp-PLA2. The pattern of high MUFA and low n6 was associated with reduced PAF biosynthesis and/or increased catabolism in both sexes. CONCLUSION The role of fatty acids in amplifying or reducing inflammation seems to be also reflected in PAF metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fragopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - P Detopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - E Alepoudea
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - T Nomikos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - N Kalogeropoulos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - S Antonopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece.
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Prevalent Seasoning and Cooking Fats, Arterial Stiffness and Blood Lipid Pattern in a Rural Population Sample: Data from the Brisighella Heart Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103063. [PMID: 33036471 PMCID: PMC7600239 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dietary fats have been variably associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between everyday mainly used dietary fats in cooking and as seasoning and hemodynamic and lipid parameters. Methods: For this study, we selected from the Brisighella Heart Study cohort subjects who were not treated with antihypertensive drugs and report with certainty their daily mean intake of dietary fats in cooking and as seasoning. Depending on the main source of dietary fat, the involved subjects were classified as prevalent extra-virgin olive oil (EVO) users, prevalent corn oil users, prevalent users of different vegetable oils and prevalent animal fat users, and we compared their characteristics. Results: Everyday consumption of EVO as a main seasoning and cooking fat source was significantly associated to lower body mass index, visceral adiposity index, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and cholesterolemia, when compared with predominantly animal fat users. Corn oil users also had lower blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and cholesterolemia, when compared with predominantly animal fat users, as well. In particular, in an age and systolic blood pressure adjusted model, the predictors of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were the prevalent use of EVO (RR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.67–0.94 vs. other prevalent fat sources), LDL-Cholesterol (RR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.02–1.42), serum uric acid (RR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.09–1.54) and estimated GFR (RR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.59–0.99). Conclusions: According to our findings, the choice of everyday seasoning and cooking fat is associated with a different metabolic and haemodynamic pattern.
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Abate M, Pisanti S, Caputo M, Citro M, Vecchione C, Martinelli R. 3-Hydroxytyrosol Promotes Angiogenesis In Vitro by Stimulating Endothelial Cell Migration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3657. [PMID: 32455901 PMCID: PMC7279499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, followed by strokes, represent the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite its success in preventing cardiovascular diseases, the therapeutic potential of 3-Hydroxytyrosol (HT) for treating ischemic diseases is yet to be investigated in detail, especially with regard to ischemic heart disease, which is a major challenge for humans. We assessed that low concentrations (1-5 µM) of HT, generally achieved after the ingestion of olive oil, stimulate endothelial cells migration and angiogenesis in an in vitro model. At early time points (1-6 h), HT induces the expression of different proteins such as proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (Src), rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) protein influencing cell adhesion, cytoskeletal dynamics and cell migration. We observed that at the same time, HT induces prominent vascular formation in the tube formation assay, accompanied by an increase in the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGF-R2) and PI3K-Akt-eNOS protein pathways, which are recognized for their central role in angiogenesis. Therefore, in addition to the proven capability of HT to regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, through both direct scavenging properties and indirect antioxidant efficacy, our results revealed that HT promotes angiogenesis, arguing in favor of great pharma-nutritional potential in ischemic injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.A.); (S.P.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.A.); (S.P.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Mariella Caputo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.A.); (S.P.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Marianna Citro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.A.); (S.P.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.A.); (S.P.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
- Vascular Pathophysiology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, Pozzilli, 86077 Isernia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Martinelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.A.); (S.P.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
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14
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Hossain SMZ, Taher S, Khan A, Sultana N, Irfan MF, Haq B, Razzak SA. Experimental Study and Modeling Approach of Response Surface Methodology Coupled with Crow Search Algorithm for Optimizing the Extraction Conditions of Papaya Seed Waste Oil. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Franconi F, Campesi I, Romani A. Is Extra Virgin Olive Oil an Ally for Women's and Men's Cardiovascular Health? Cardiovasc Ther 2020; 2020:6719301. [PMID: 32454893 PMCID: PMC7212338 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6719301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases are long-lasting and slowly progressive and are the leading causes of death and disability. They include cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) that are rising worldwide, with CVD being the leading cause of death in developed countries. Thus, there is a need to find new preventive and therapeutic approaches. Polyphenols seem to have cardioprotective properties; among them, polyphenols and/or minor polar compounds of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) are attracting special interest. In consideration of numerous sex differences present in CVD and DM, in this narrative review, we applied "gender glasses." Globally, it emerges that olive oil and its derivatives exert some anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, modulate glucose metabolism, and ameliorate endothelial dysfunction. However, as in prescription drugs, also in this case there is an important gender bias because the majority of the preclinical studies are performed on male animals, and the sex of donors of cells is not often known; thus a sex/gender bias characterizes preclinical research. There are numerous clinical studies that seem to suggest the benefits of EVOO and its derivatives in CVD; however, these studies have numerous limitations, presenting also a considerable heterogeneity across the interventions. Among limitations, one of the most relevant in the era of personalized medicine, is the non-attention versus women that are few and, also when they are enrolled, sex analysis is lacking. Therefore, in our opinion, it is time to perform more long, extensive and lessheterogeneous trials enrolling both women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Franconi
- Laboratorio Nazionale sulla Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Campesi
- Laboratorio Nazionale sulla Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Romani
- Laboratorio PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement Technology and Analysis), DiSIA Università Degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Laboratorio di Qualità Delle Merci e Affidabilità di Prodotto, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, 59100 Florence, Italy
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16
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Ávila-Escalante ML, Coop-Gamas F, Cervantes-Rodríguez M, Méndez-Iturbide D, Aranda-González II. The effect of diet on oxidative stress and metabolic diseases-Clinically controlled trials. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13191. [PMID: 32160647 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with several chronic diseases. It is acknowledged that molecules damaged by reactive oxygen species activate the inflammatory process and that this response increases the production of free radicals. Modifications in a diet can improve or decrease redox state markers. The aim of this revision was to provide an update of clinical controlled trials, to assess changes in diet and markers of oxidative stress in subjects with metabolic diseases. They were investigated randomized controlled intervention studies (RCTs) published in MEDLINE (U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health) that were conducted in subjects with obesity, hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia; with dietary intervention; where markers of oxidative stress have been evaluated and published in the last 5 years. Food antioxidants, hypocaloric diets with loss of adipose tissue, substitution of animal protein by vegetable, and changes in the microbiota improve antioxidant status in people with chronic disease. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus and adipose tissue in obesity are known to trigger oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, in turn, decreases insulin sensitivity and favors an inflammatory state producing adhesion molecules. Oxidative stress and adhesion molecules, can increase blood pressure and oxidation of lipoproteins, that ultimately could lead to a cerebrovascular event. Consumption of high-antioxidant and polyphenol foods increases plasma antioxidant capacity and decreases oxidative stress markers in people with diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia. In addition, weight loss caused by caloric restriction with or without exercise increases the endogenous antioxidant capacity. Therefore, it is likely that the combination of a hypocaloric diet with a high content of antioxidants and polyphenols will have a greater effect. Other dietary changes with antioxidant effect, such as the substitution of animal for vegetable protein or the addition of fiber, might be mediated by changes in the microbiota. However, this aspect requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fibi Coop-Gamas
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Yucatan, Mexico
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17
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Flori L, Donnini S, Calderone V, Zinnai A, Taglieri I, Venturi F, Testai L. The Nutraceutical Value of Olive Oil and Its Bioactive Constituents on the Cardiovascular System. Focusing on Main Strategies to Slow Down Its Quality Decay during Production and Storage. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1962. [PMID: 31438562 PMCID: PMC6770508 DOI: 10.3390/nu11091962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent the principal cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is well-known that oxidative stress and inflammatory processes are strongly implicated in their pathogenesis; therefore, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents can represent effective tools. In recent years a large number of scientific reports have pointed out the nutraceutical and nutritional value of extra virgin olive oils (EVOO), strongholds of the Mediterranean diet, endowed with a high nutritional quality and defined as functional foods. In regard to EVOO, it is a food composed of a major saponifiable fraction, represented by oleic acid, and a minor unsaponifiable fraction, including a high number of vitamins, polyphenols, and squalene. Several reports suggest that the beneficial effects of EVOO are linked to the minor components, but recently, further studies have shed light on the health effects of the fatty fraction and the other constituents of the unsaponifiable fraction. In the first part of this review, an analysis of the clinical and preclinical evidence of the cardiovascular beneficial effects of each constituent is carried out. The second part of this review is dedicated to the main operating conditions during production and/or storage that can directly influence the shelf life of olive oil in terms of both nutraceutical properties and sensory quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sandra Donnini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre, Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Angela Zinnai
- Interdepartmental Research Centre, Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Isabella Taglieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Venturi
- Interdepartmental Research Centre, Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Research Centre, Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity continues to be a growing concern globally due to association with a number of comorbidities and contributing significantly to increase in health care expenditures. Despite availability of a number of treatment modalities, lifestyle modification with dietary modification and exercise continues to be the foundation. However, the standard model of lifestyle modification is not efficacious or sustainable for many patients leading them to seek alternative approaches. We conducted a comprehensive literature review to present the data regarding efficacy and sustainability of many common dietary approaches. RECENT FINDINGS Building upon previous work, recent randomized controlled trials have compared many popular diets head to head in varying patient populations. Along with the weight changes, studies have investigated the changes in metabolic parameters, inflammatory markers, and cardiac risk factor reduction. Though the studies do not show superiority of one diet compared to the other, the preventive benefits and other favorable metabolic changes of the diets make them worthy of consideration.
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19
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Schwingshackl L, Morze J, Hoffmann G. Mediterranean diet and health status: Active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 177:1241-1257. [PMID: 31243760 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is one of the most widely described and evaluated dietary patterns in scientific literature. It is characterized by high intakes of vegetables, legumes, fruits, nuts, grains, fish, seafood, extra virgin olive oil, and a moderate intake of red wine. A large body of observational and experimental evidence suggests that higher adherence to the MedDiet is associated with lower risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, and cancer. Current mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of the MedDiet include reduction of blood lipids, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, improvement of insulin sensitivity, enhancement of endothelial function, and antithrombotic function. Most likely, these effects are attributable to bioactive ingredients such as polyphenols, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, or fibre. This review will focus on both established and less established mechanisms of action of biochemical compounds contained in a MedDiet. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schwingshackl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jakub Morze
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Georg Hoffmann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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20
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Erkkilä AT, Lee JC, Lankinen M, Manninen S, Leung HH, Oger C, de Mello VD, Schwab US. Camelina sativaOil, Fatty Fish, and Lean Fish Do Not Markedly Affect Urinary Prostanoids in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Metabolism. Lipids 2019; 54:453-464. [DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arja T. Erkkilä
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionUniversity of Eastern Finland Yliopistonranta, 70210 Kuopio Finland
| | - Jetty C.‐Y. Lee
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Maria Lankinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionUniversity of Eastern Finland Yliopistonranta, 70210 Kuopio Finland
| | - Suvi Manninen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionUniversity of Eastern Finland Yliopistonranta, 70210 Kuopio Finland
| | - Ho Hang Leung
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMMUniversité de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Faculté de Pharmacie Av. Charles Flahault BP, 34093 Montpellier Cedex France
| | - Vanessa D. de Mello
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionUniversity of Eastern Finland Yliopistonranta, 70210 Kuopio Finland
| | - Ursula S. Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionUniversity of Eastern Finland Yliopistonranta, 70210 Kuopio Finland
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical NutritionKuopio University Hospital Puijonlaaksontie, 70210 Kuopio Finland
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21
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Høstmark AT, Haug A. The inverse association between relative abundances of oleic acid and arachidonic acid: a case of distribution dependent regulation? Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:123. [PMID: 31138212 PMCID: PMC6540420 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since oleic acid (OA, 18:1 c9) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4 n6) may have antagonistic actions, it is of interest to assess their relative abundances. We previously reported an inverse correlation between % OA and %AA. However, percentages of the same sum may be correlated without involving biology. We now investigate whether random numbers, generated within the true concentration distributions for OA and AA, may be correlated. METHODS We reanalysed data from a previous diet trial in chickens. Breast muscle was collected, and the concentration of fatty acids in muscle lipids was determined using gas chromatography. We computed R = S - OA - AA, where S is the sum of all fatty acids (g/kg) and R is concentration of all fatty acids, except OA and AA. From histograms we found physiological distributions of OA, AA and R. Then we generated random numbers for each of 3 variables (n = 163), within the distributions (g/kg) for OA (1-7), AA (0.25-0.39), and R (4-10). Next we made scatterplots of % OA vs. % AA, and studied how a narrowing or broadening of distributions might change the relationship. RESULTS Also with random numbers, generated within true concentration distributions for OA and AA, we found an inverse relationship between their percentages (r = - 0.356, p < 0.001; r = 163); however, the points were not close to the regression line. The %OA vs. %AA relationship changed appreciably in response to slightly altering concentration distributions of OA and AA, and a negative association could be changed to become positive. CONCLUSION Using random numbers, generated within the biological distributions for OA, AA, and sum of the remaining fatty acids, we found an inverse relationship between "% OA" and "% AA", but the scatterplot was poor compared with that obtained with real values. The association between relative abundances of random numbers of OA and AA was very sensitive to changes in distributions, and a negative association could be changed to become positive by slightly altering the distributions. Thus, the association between relative abundances of OA and AA could be partly caused by the particular distribution of the fatty acid concentration: a Distribution Dependent Correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Torbjørn Høstmark
- University of Oslo, Norway, Institute of Health and Society, Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Box 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anna Haug
- The Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Box 5003, 1432, Ås, Norway
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22
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Karković Marković A, Torić J, Barbarić M, Jakobušić Brala C. Hydroxytyrosol, Tyrosol and Derivatives and Their Potential Effects on Human Health. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24102001. [PMID: 31137753 PMCID: PMC6571782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet and olive oil as its quintessential part are almost synonymous with a healthy way of eating and living nowadays. This kind of diet has been highly appreciated and is widely recognized for being associated with many favorable effects, such as reduced incidence of different chronic diseases and prolonged longevity. Although olive oil polyphenols present a minor fraction in the composition of olive oil, they seem to be of great importance when it comes to the health benefits, and interest in their biological and potential therapeutic effects is huge. There is a growing body of in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as intervention-based clinical trials, revealing new aspects of already known and many new, previously unknown activities and health effects of these compounds. This review summarizes recent findings regarding biological activities, metabolism and bioavailability of the major olive oil phenolic compounds—hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleuropein, oleocanthal and oleacein—the most important being their antiatherogenic, cardioprotective, anticancer, neuroprotective and endocrine effects. The evidence presented in the review concludes that these phenolic compounds have great pharmacological potential, however, further studies are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karković Marković
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jelena Torić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Monika Barbarić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Cvijeta Jakobušić Brala
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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23
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Tsartsou E, Proutsos N, Castanas E, Kampa M. Network Meta-Analysis of Metabolic Effects of Olive-Oil in Humans Shows the Importance of Olive Oil Consumption With Moderate Polyphenol Levels as Part of the Mediterranean Diet. Front Nutr 2019; 6:6. [PMID: 30809527 PMCID: PMC6379345 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial role of olive oil consumption is nowadays widely recognized. However, it is not clear whether its health effects are due to the presence of monounsaturated lipids and/or to the antioxidant fraction of microconstituents present in olive oil. The aim of the present study was to analyze the exact role of olive oil in the modification of metabolic factors (glucose and circulating lipids) and explore the role of its antioxidant polyphenols. In the present work, we have performed a network meta-analysis of 30 human intervention studies, considering direct and indirect interactions and impact of each constituent. Interestingly, we show that the impact of olive oil on glucose, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol is mediated through an adherence to the Mediterranean diet, with the only notable effect of olive oil polyphenols being the increase of HDL-cholesterol, and the amelioration of the antioxidant and inflammatory status of the subjects. Additionally, we report for the first time that lower antioxidant polyphenol levels may be sufficient for the beneficial effects of olive oil, while we show that the lipid fraction of olive oil may be responsible for some of its beneficial actions. In all parameters examined the beneficial effect of olive oil was more pronounced in subjects with an established metabolic syndrome or other chronic conditions/diseases. In conclusion, all these findings provide new knowledge that could lead to re-establishment of the role of olive oil in human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Tsartsou
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Elias Castanas
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marilena Kampa
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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24
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Park FS, Kay VL, Sprick JD, Rosenberg AJ, Anderson GK, Mallet RT, Rickards CA. Hemorrhage simulated by lower body negative pressure provokes an oxidative stress response in healthy young adults. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:272-278. [PMID: 30727766 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219828706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT We characterize the systemic oxidative stress response in young, healthy human subjects with exposure to simulated hemorrhage via application of lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Prior work has demonstrated that LBNP and actual blood loss evoke similar hemodynamic and immune responses (i.e. white blood cell count), but it is unknown whether LBNP elicits oxidative stress resembling that produced by blood loss. We show that LBNP induces a 29% increase in F2-isoprostanes, a systemic marker of oxidative stress. The findings of this investigation may have important implications for the study of hemorrhage using LBNP, including future assessments of targeted interventions that may reduce oxidative stress, such as novel fluid resuscitation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora S Park
- 1 Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort, TX 76107, USA
| | - Victoria L Kay
- 1 Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort, TX 76107, USA
| | - Justin D Sprick
- 1 Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort, TX 76107, USA.,2 Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Alexander J Rosenberg
- 1 Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort, TX 76107, USA
| | - Garen K Anderson
- 1 Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort, TX 76107, USA
| | - Robert T Mallet
- 1 Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort, TX 76107, USA
| | - Caroline A Rickards
- 1 Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort, TX 76107, USA
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25
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Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Olive Oil as Nutraceutical Tools for the Prevention and Management of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082305. [PMID: 30082650 PMCID: PMC6121682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become the largest contributor to worldwide morbidity and mortality. Among them, cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for a 47% of worldwide mortality. In general, preventive approaches modifying lifestyle are more cost-effective than treatments after disease onset. In this sense, a healthy diet could help a range of NCDs, such as cancer and CVDs. Traditional Mediterranean Diet (MD) is associated by the low-prevalence of certain types of cancers and CVDs, where olive oil plays an important role. In fact, different epidemiological studies suggest that olive oil consumption prevents some cancers, as well as coronary heart diseases and stroke incidence and mortality. Historically, the beneficial health effects of virgin olive oil (VOO) intake were first attributed to the high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids. Nowadays, many studies indicate that phenolic compounds contained in olive oil have positive effects on different biomarkers related to health. Among them, phenolic compounds would be partially responsible for health benefits. The present work aims to explore, in studies published during the last five years, the effects of the main phenolic compounds isolated from olive oil on different cancer or CVD aspects, in order to clarify which compounds have more potential to be used as nutraceuticals with preventive or even therapeutic properties.
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Da Silva MS, Bilodeau JF, Julien P, Rudkowska I. Dietary fats and F 2-isoprostanes: A review of the clinical evidence. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 57:3929-3941. [PMID: 27438347 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1196646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence supports that a high dietary fat intake increases oxidative stress and the risk of diet-induced metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. F2-isoprostanes (F2-isoP) are formed by the non-enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid and are widely used as reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress in clinical studies. Dietary fats may influence F2-isoP levels, as they (1) are metabolic substrates for their formation, (2) modify the lipid composition of tissues, and (3) affect the plasma lipoprotein concentrations which are involved in F2-isoP transport. This review examined the latest clinical evidence on how dietary fats can affect blood circulation and excretion of F2-isoP in individuals with healthy or deteriorated metabolic profiles. Clinical studies reported that saturated or monounsaturated fat-rich diets did not affect F2-isoP levels in adults with healthy or deteriorated metabolic profiles. Though, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased F2-isoP levels in numerous studies, whereas trans-fatty acids raised F2-isoP excretion. Yet, the reported heterogeneous results reveal important considerations, such as the health status of the participants, the biological fluids used to determine F2-isoP, the analytical methods employed and the specific F2-isoP isomers detected. Therefore, future clinical studies should be designed in order to consider these issues in the studies of the effects of fat intake on oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine S Da Silva
- a Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit , CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.,c Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medecine , Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada
| | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- a Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit , CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.,b Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medecine , Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- a Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit , CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.,b Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medecine , Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- a Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit , CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.,c Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medecine , Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada
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Lombardo L, Grasso F, Lanciano F, Loria S, Monetti E. Broad-Spectrum Health Protection of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64057-4.00002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
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Ozkan A, Aboul-Enein HY, Kulak M, Bindak R. Comparative study on fatty acid composition of olive (Olea europaea
L.), with emphasis on phytosterol contents. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ozkan
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Faculty of Fine Arts; Gaziantep University; Gaziantep Turkey
| | - Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division; National Research Centre; Giza Egypt
| | - Muhittin Kulak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Kilis 7 Aralık University; Kilis Turkey
| | - Recep Bindak
- Gaziantep University Technical Sciences School, Kampus; Gaziantep Turkey
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Individual omega-9 monounsaturated fatty acids and mortality—The Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health Study. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 11:126-135.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Catalán Ú, López de las Hazas MC, Rubió L, Fernández-Castillejo S, Pedret A, de la Torre R, Motilva MJ, Solà R. Protective effect of hydroxytyrosol and its predominant plasmatic human metabolites against endothelial dysfunction in human aortic endothelial cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:2523-36. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Úrsula Catalán
- Functional Nutrition; Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut); Unit of Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research (URLA); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM); Hospital Universitari Sant Joan; IISPV; Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Reus Spain
| | | | - Laura Rubió
- Functional Nutrition; Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut); Unit of Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research (URLA); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM); Hospital Universitari Sant Joan; IISPV; Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Reus Spain
- Food Technology Department; Universitat de Lleida-AGROTECNIO Center; Lleida Lleida Spain
| | - Sara Fernández-Castillejo
- Functional Nutrition; Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut); Unit of Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research (URLA); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM); Hospital Universitari Sant Joan; IISPV; Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Reus Spain
| | - Anna Pedret
- Functional Nutrition; Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut); Unit of Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research (URLA); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM); Hospital Universitari Sant Joan; IISPV; Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Reus Spain
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN); Facultat de Ciencies de la Salut i de la Vida; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF); Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
| | - Maria-José Motilva
- Food Technology Department; Universitat de Lleida-AGROTECNIO Center; Lleida Lleida Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Functional Nutrition; Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut); Unit of Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research (URLA); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM); Hospital Universitari Sant Joan; IISPV; Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Reus Spain
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Tirosh O, Shpaizer A, Kanner J. Lipid Peroxidation in a Stomach Medium Is Affected by Dietary Oils (Olive/Fish) and Antioxidants: The Mediterranean versus Western Diet. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:7016-7023. [PMID: 26165509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Red meat is an integral part of the Western diet, and high consumption is associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases. Using a system that simulated the human stomach, red meat was interacted with different oils (olive/fish) and lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipid peroxides (LOOH). Olive oil decreased meat lipid peroxidation from 121.7 ± 3.1 to 48.2 ± 1.3 μM and from 327.1 ± 9.5 to 77.3 ± 6.0 μM as assessed by MDA and ROOH, respectively. The inhibitory effect of olive oil was attributed to oleic acid rather than its polyphenol content. In contrast, fish oils from tuna or an ω-3 supplement dramatically increased meat lipid peroxidation from 96.2 ± 3.6 to 514.2 ± 6.7 μM MDA. Vitamin E inhibited meat lipid peroxidation in the presence of olive oil but paradoxically increased peroxidation in the presence of fish oil. The inhibitory properties of oleic acid may play a key role in the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Tirosh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Adi Shpaizer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Joseph Kanner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Abstract
Olive oil is considered to be one of the most healthy dietary fats. However, several types of olive oils are present in the market. A key question for the consumer is: What of the olive oils is the best when concerning nutritional purposes? With the data available at present, the answer is: the Virgin Olive Oil (VOO), rich in phenolic compounds. On November 2011, the European Food Safety Authority released a claim concerning the benefits of daily ingestion of olive oil rich in phenolic compounds, such as VOO. In this review, we summarised the key work that has provided the evidence of the benefits of VOO consumption on other types of edible oils, even olive oils. We focused on data from randomised, controlled human studies, which are capable of providing the evidence of Level I that is required for performing nutritional recommendations at population level.
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Martin Agnoux A, Antignac JP, Boquien CY, David A, Desnots E, Ferchaud-Roucher V, Darmaun D, Parnet P, Alexandre-Gouabau MC. Perinatal protein restriction affects milk free amino acid and fatty acid profile in lactating rats: potential role on pup growth and metabolic status. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:784-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fernández-Ávila C, Montes R, Castellote AI, Chisaguano AM, Fitó M, Covas MI, Muñoz-Aguallo D, Nyyssönen K, Zunft HJ, López-Sabater MC. Fast determination of virgin olive oil phenolic metabolites in human high-density lipoproteins. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 29:1035-41. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Fernández-Ávila
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - R. Montes
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición; Madrid Spain
| | - A. I. Castellote
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición; Madrid Spain
| | - A. M. Chisaguano
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición; Madrid Spain
| | - M. Fitó
- Lipids and Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit; Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
| | - M. I. Covas
- Lipids and Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit; Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
| | - D. Muñoz-Aguallo
- Lipids and Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit; Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
| | - K. Nyyssönen
- Research Institute of Public Health; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - H. J. Zunft
- German Institute of Human Nutrition; Postdam-Rehbruecke; Germany
| | - M. C. López-Sabater
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición; Madrid Spain
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Mora-Escobedo R, Hernández-Luna P, Joaquín-Torres IC, Ortiz-Moreno A, Robles-Ramírez MDC. Physicochemical properties and fatty acid profile of eight peanut varieties grown in Mexico. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2014.971345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Derbyshire EJ. A review of the nutritional composition, organoleptic characteristics and biological effects of the high oleic peanut. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2014; 65:781-90. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.937799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Haščík P, Elimam I, Garlík J, Bobko M, Tkáčová J, Kačániová M. Effect of bee pollen extract as a supplemental diet on broilers´s ross 308 breast and thigh meat muscles fatty acids. POTRAVINARSTVO 2014. [DOI: 10.5219/374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to study the effect of the bee pollen extract on the broiler Ross 308 breast and thigh meat fatty acids. The experiment enrolled 90 chicks in one day old, which were divided into 3 groups (control, E1 and E2). The broiler has been bred in a cage condition for 42 days. To the experimental groups were added bee pollen extract in the amount (400, 800 mg.kg-1). The chickens have been bred in a cage conditions, each cage was equipped with feed dispenser and water intake was ensured ad libitum through a self feed-pump. The temperature was controlled during the fattening period and it was 33 °C at the first day and every week was reduced about 2 °C the end temperature was 23 °C. At the end of the experiment the fatty acids have beenevaluatedby using Agilent 7890A Gas Chromatograph apparatus (USA). The findings have been shown that the myristoleic acid, linoleic acid, linoelaidic acid, arachidonic acid, and archaic acid were decreased after using the bee pollen into broiler feed mixture otherwise, the bee pollen has been increased the polemic acids and oleic acid and there were found no significant differences (P ≥0.05) among all the experimental groups.From the recent experiment, we conclude that bee pollen extract has decreasedthe fattyacids except palmitoleic acid acid and oleic acid, whichwere higher compared to control groupand there were no significant differences (P ≥0.05) between experimental groups.
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Oxidative stress, protein glycation and nutrition--interactions relevant to health and disease throughout the lifecycle. Proc Nutr Soc 2014; 73:430-8. [PMID: 24877772 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665114000603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Protein glycation has been studied for over a century now and plays an important role in disease pathogenesis throughout the lifecycle. Strongly related to diabetic complications, glycation of Hb has become the gold standard method for diabetes diagnosis and monitoring. It is however attracting attention in normoglycaemia as well lately. Longitudinal studies increasingly suggest a positive relationship between glycation and the risk of chronic diseases in normoglycaemic individuals, but the mechanisms behind this association remain unclear. The interaction between glycation and oxidative stress may be particularly relevant in the normoglycaemic context, as suggested by recent epidemiological and in vitro evidence. In that context nutritional and lifestyle factors with an influence on redox status, such as smoking, fruit and vegetable and antioxidants consumption, may have the capacity to promote or inhibit glycation. However, experimental data from controlled trials are lacking the quality and rigour needed to reach firm conclusions. In the present review, we discuss the importance of glycation for health through the lifecycle and focus on the importance of oxidative stress as a driver for glycation. The importance of nutrition to modulate glycation is discussed, based on the evidence available and recommendations towards higher quality future research are made.
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Høstmark AT, Haug A. The inverse association between relative abundances of oleic acid and arachidonic acid is related to alpha -linolenic acid. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:76. [PMID: 24885640 PMCID: PMC4031494 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many health effects of oils rich in oleic acid (OA, 18:1 n9) seem to be opposite those of arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4 n6), i.e. concerning cardiovascular risk. In recent studies in humans and in the rat we observed that percentages of OA and AA were inversely related, raising the question of whether the inverse association is a general one, and how it might be explained. In the present work we examine whether percentages of OA and AA are inversely associated in breast muscle lipids of chickens, and whether alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) may be related to the OA/AA ratio. Methods The study group consisted of 163 chickens. Breast muscle was collected, and the concentration of fatty acids in muscle lipids was determined using gas chromatography. We studied association between fatty acids using bivariate correlations (Pearson) and linear regression. Synthesis of OA from stearic acid (Stear) was estimated using the OA/Stear ratio, and formation of AA from linoleic acid (LA) was estimated by the AA/LA ratio. Results We found a strong inverse relationship (r = -0.942, p < 0.001; n = 163) between % OA and % AA in breast muscle lipids of the chickens. There was an inverse association (r = -0.887, p < 0.001) between the OA/Stearic acid ratio, estimating Delta9 desaturase, and the AA/LA ratio, estimating desaturases/elongase activities. Furthermore, there was a strong negative association between % AA and the OA/Stearic acid ratio (r = -0.925, p < 0.001), and % OA correlated negatively (r = -0.914, p < 0.001) with the AA/LA ratio. ALA was positively associated (r = 0.956, p < 0.001) with the OA/AA ratio, and this association prevailed when controlling for the other fatty acids. ALA was positively associated (r = 0.857, p < 0.001) with the OA/Stear ratio, but was negatively related (r = -0.827, p < 0.001) to the AA/LA ratio. Conclusions The relative abundances of OA and AA that are inversely related in muscle lipids of chickens may be explained by a feedback regulation between the synthesis of OA and AA, and related to ALA, which seems to stimulate formation of OA, and inhibit synthesis of AA, but further studies are required to clarify whether this hypothesis is valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Torbjørn Høstmark
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Oslo, Norway, Institute of Health and Society, Box 1130 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
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Petrosino T, Serafini M. Antioxidant Modulation of F2-Isoprostanes in Humans: A Systematic Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 54:1202-21. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.630153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Høstmark AT, Haug A. Percentages of oleic acid and arachidonic acid are inversely related in phospholipids of human sera. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:106. [PMID: 23870138 PMCID: PMC3722056 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many health effects of oils rich in oleic acid (18:1 n9) seem to be opposite those of arachidonic acid (20:4 n6), i.e. concerning cardiovascular risk. In recent study in rats we observed that percentages of oleic acid and arachidonic acid were inversely related in total serum lipids. In the present work we investigate whether an inverse relationship between this couple of fatty acids also exists in the phospholipid fraction of human sera. Methods The study group consisted of 11 men and 35 women. Mean age was 23.8 ± 2.5 years (mean ± SD), and the body mass index was 23.5 ± 3.2 kg/m2. After fasting overnight, blood was drawn and the concentration of fatty acids in serum phospholipids was determined, using gas chromatography. We studied the association between percentages of oleic acid and arachidonic acid using bivariate correlations (Pearson), and multiple linear regressions. Results We found an inverse relationship (r = −0.563, p < 0.001; n = 46) between % oleic acid and % arachidonic acid in the serum phosholipid fraction of the 46 fasting subjects. By multiple linear regression, and % 20:4 n6 as the dependent variable, the inverse association with % 18:1 n9 persisted when controlling for sex, age, body mass index, and percentages of the other fatty acids measured (t = −17.6, p < 0.001). Per cent 20:4 n6 seemed to correlate negatively (r = −0.289, p = 0.05) with the (18:1 n9)/(18:0) ratio, estimating Delta9 desaturase activity, and % oleic acid correlated negatively (r = −0.321, p = 0.029) with the (20:4)/(18:2) ratio, estimating desaturases/elongase activities. Conclusions In a group of healthy human subjects, percentages of oleic acid and arachidonic acid were inversely related, and the inverse association persisted when controlling for possible confounding variables. The findings might contribute to explain positive health effects of foods rich in oleic acid.
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Percentage oleic acid is inversely related to percentage arachidonic acid in total lipids of rat serum. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:40. [PMID: 23521743 PMCID: PMC3622620 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since many health effects of oils rich in oleic acid (18:1, n-9) seem to be opposite those of arachidonic acid (20:4, n-6), i.e. concerning cardiovascular risk, we examined whether % 18:1 might be negatively associated with % 20:4. Methods Fatty acid separation by gas chromatography was performed in total serum lipids of 36 male rats. Using bivariate correlations and multiple linear regressions we studied the association between oleic acid and arachidonic acid. Results We found an inverse relationship (r = -0.885, p < 0.001; n = 36) between percentages of 18:1 and 20:4 in total lipids of rat serum, persisting when controlling for the other fatty acids measured. In a multiple linear regression model with % 20:4 as the dependent variable and percentages of the other fatty acids entered simultaneously as independents, oleic acid and linoleic acid contributed most to predict % 20:4. Per cent 20:4 correlated negatively (p< 0.01) with a Delta-9 desaturase index, i.e. the (18:1)/(18:0) ratio, and with the (20:4)/(18:2) ratio, estimating desaturases/elongase. Conclusions Percentages of 18:1 and 20:4 seem to be inversely related and desaturase/elongase inhibition could be involved. The results might partly explain positive health effects of foods rich in oleic acid.
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Nutritional status in relation to adipokines and oxidative stress is associated with disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Nutrition 2013; 28:1109-14. [PMID: 23044162 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Revised: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We assessed whether disease activity was associated with dietary habits, nutritional status, adipokines, and oxidative stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS The subjects were 37 patients with RA. The assessment of the nutritional status included anthropometric and biochemical parameters. A food-frequency questionnaire and a 3-d diet record to assess dietary intake were used. The serum levels of adipokines and oxidative stress markers in sera and saliva were measured. The disease activity was determined using the 28 Disease Activity Score (DAS28). We divided the subjects into high (DAS28 ≥3.2) and low (DAS28 <3.2) disease activity groups. RESULTS The serum leptin and albumin levels were significantly lower, whereas the inflammatory markers were increased, in the high disease activity group. The dietary intake assessment showed a lower intake of fish oil and a lower ratio of monounsaturated fatty acid intake in the high disease activity group. There was a negative correlation between the DAS28 and the dietary intake of the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acid to total fatty acid intake. The serum oxidative stress marker (reactive oxygen metabolites) showed a positive correlation to the DAS28. The salivary reactive oxygen metabolites also correlated with C-reactive protein and serum reactive oxygen metabolites. CONCLUSION Altered serum adipokine levels with decreased albumin may reflect the deterioration that is associated with rheumatoid arthritis. An increased oxidative stress was observed in sera and saliva. Intakes of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish oil, and monounsaturated fatty acid seem to affect disease activity and may have beneficial effects by decreasing inflammation.
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Vetrani C, Costabile G, Di Marino L, Rivellese AA. Nutrition and oxidative stress: a systematic review of human studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2012; 64:312-26. [PMID: 23121370 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2012.738651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) - defined as the imbalance between free radical production and antioxidant defences - is a condition associated with chronic-degenerative disease, such as cancer, metabolic and disease cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Several studies have shown that diet and some of its components could influence the intensity of OS damage. The aim of this review was to critically examine some pieces of evidence from observational and intervention study in human beings to assess whether diet and its components can really modify OS in vivo. Furthermore, we tried to find out the possible mechanism behind this association. We considered all studies in MEDLINE which fitted with the following criteria: (1) adult subjects who were healthy or affected by metabolic disease and CVDs; (2) no food supplements, pillows, powder but only common foods and beverages and (3) OS assessment with well-known and validated in vivo biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vetrani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
Background/objectives: Elevated oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) may promote inflammation, and is associated with increased risk of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease and worsening complications of diabetes mellitus. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of chitin-glucan (CG), alone and in combination with a potentially anti-inflammatory olive oil (OO) extract, for reducing OxLDL in subjects with borderline to high LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Subjects/methods: This 6-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of a novel, insoluble fiber derived from the Aspergillus niger mycelium, CG, evaluated 130 subjects free of diabetes mellitus with fasting LDL-C 3.37–4.92 mmol/l and glucose ⩽6.94 mmol/l. Participants were randomly assigned to receive CG (4.5 g/day; n=33), CG (1.5 g/day; n=32), CG (1.5 g/day) plus OO extract (135 mg/day; n=30), or matching placebo (n=35). Results: Administration of 4.5 g/day CG for 6 weeks significantly reduced OxLDL compared with placebo (P=0.035). At the end of study, CG was associated with lower LDL-C levels relative to placebo, although this difference was statistically significant only for the CG 1.5 g/day group (P=0.019). CG did not significantly affect high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin or F2-isoprostane levels. Adverse events did not substantively differ between treatments and placebo. Conclusions: In this 6-week study, CG (4.5 g/day) reduced OxLDL, an effect that might affect the risk for atherosclerosis.
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Abstract
Olive oil, an oil rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFCs) and minor constituents including phenolic compounds, is a major component of the Mediterranean diet. The potential health benefits of the Mediterranean diet were highlighted by the seminal Seven Countries Study, and more contemporary research has identified olive oil as a major element responsible for these effects. It is emerging that the phenolic compounds are the most likely candidates accounting for the cardioprotective and cancer preventative effects of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). In particular, the phenolic compound, hydroxytyrosol has been identified as one of the most potent antioxidants found in olive oil. This review will briefly consider historical aspects of olive oil research and the biological properties of phenolic compounds in olive oil will be discussed. The focus of the discussion will be related to the mechanisms of action of hydroxytyrosol. Studies have demonstrated that hydroxytyrosol induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Further, research has shown that hydroxytyrosol can prevent cardiovascular disease by reducing the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells and preventing the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The molecular mechanisms accounting for these effects are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haloom Rafehi
- Department of Epigenomic Medicine, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Gladine C, Combe N, Vaysse C, Pereira B, Huertas A, Salvati S, Rossignol-Castera A, Cano N, Chardigny JM. Optimized rapeseed oil enriched with healthy micronutrients: a relevant nutritional approach to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Results of the Optim'Oils randomized intervention trial. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 24:544-9. [PMID: 22784432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Rapeseeds are naturally rich in cardioprotective micronutrients but refining leads to substantial losses or the production of undesirable compounds. The Optim'Oils European project proposed innovative refining conditions to produce an optimized rapeseed oil enriched in micronutrients and low in trans linolenic acid. We aimed to investigate cardioprotective properties of this Optimized oil. In a randomized, double-blind, controlled, cross-over study, 59 healthy normolipidaemic men consumed either Optimized or Standard rapeseed oils (20 g/d) and margarines (22 g/d) for 3 weeks. The Optimized oil reduced the trans FA concentration (p=0.009) and increased the contents of alpha-tocopherol (p=0.022) and coenzyme Q10 (p<0.001) in comparison with the Standard oil. Over the 3-week trial, Total-/HDL-cholesterol and LDL-/HDL-cholesterol were increased by 4% (p<0.05) with the Standard oil consumption whereas none of them rose with the Optimized rapeseed oil which increased the HDL-cholesterol and ApoA1 plasma content (+2%, NS and +3%, p<0.05 respectively). The effects observed on the plasma HDL-cholesterol levels (p=0.059), the Total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio (p=0.092), and on the ApoA1 concentrations (p=0.060) suggest an improvement of the cholesterol profile with the Optimized rapeseed oil. Finally, the Optimized oil reduced the plasma content of LDLox (-6%, NS), this effect being significantly different from the Standard oil (p=0.050). In conclusion, reasonable intake of an Optimized rapeseed oil resulting from innovative refining processes and enriched in cardioprotective micronutrients represent a relevant nutritional approach to prevent the risk of cardiovascular diseases by improving the cholesterol profile and reducing LDL oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Gladine
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Brugè F, Bacchetti T, Principi F, Scarpa ES, Littarru GP, Tiano L. Olive oil supplemented with Coenzyme Q(10): effect on plasma and lipoprotein oxidative status. Biofactors 2012; 38:249-56. [PMID: 22488910 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Olive oil consumption is associated with protective cardiovascular properties, including some beneficial modifications in lipoprotein profile and composition. Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) exerts a protective effect on plasma lipoproteins. Aim of the study was to investigate whether extra virgin (EV) olive oil enriched with CoQ(10) affects CoQ(10) levels and oxidative status in plasma and in isolated lipoproteins. Twelve subjects were administered 20 mL olive oil per day for 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of olive oil enriched with 20 mg and 2 more weeks with 40 mg of CoQ(10). Plasma and isolated lipoproteins were collected in each phase of the study and subsequently analyzed to assess lipid profile, CoQ10 levels, ORAC assay, resistance of lipoproteins to peroxidation and paroxonase 1 activity. Plasma CoQ(10) levels significantly increased with the 20 mg (+73%) and 40 mg dose (+170%), while the percentage of oxidized CoQ(10) decreased. A significant inverse correlation was found in plasma between percentage of oxidized CoQ(10) and total antioxidant capacity. A lower susceptibility of LDL to peroxidation was also found. Finally, a positive correlation was observed between concentration of CoQ(10) in HDL and paraoxonase-1 activity. EV olive oil enriched with both doses of CoQ(10) significantly affects its bioavailability and plasma redox status. These changes are associated with a decreased susceptibility of plasma lipoproteins to peroxidation associated with a chain-breaking antioxidant activity of the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Brugè
- Department of Clinical and Dental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Sucato V, Sanfilippo G, Triolo F, Novo G, Barbagallo CM, Novo S. Dietary strategy for prevention and management of dyslipidemia: international guidelines. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12349-012-0097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Perfecting the Plate: Adding Cardioprotective Compounds to the Diet. J Am Coll Surg 2012; 214:97-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2011.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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