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Moreno-Muñoz JA, Ojeda JD, López JJ. A Probiotic Bacterium with Activity against the Most Frequent Bacteria and Viruses Causing Pediatric Diarrhea: Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis CECT 7210 ( B. infantis IM1 ®). Microorganisms 2024; 12:1183. [PMID: 38930565 PMCID: PMC11206103 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The second leading cause of death in children under five years old is diarrheal disease. Probiotics, specifically bifidobacteria, have been associated with a reduction in the number of diarrhea episodes and their severity in babies. In this paper, we summarize the preclinical and clinical evidence of the efficacy of B. longum subsp. infantis IM1® against various gastrointestinal pathogens using in vitro models, animal models, and clinical studies carried out in our laboratory. The preclinical data demonstrate that IM1® effectively inhibits rotavirus replication (by up to 36.05%) in MA-104 and HT-29 cells and from infection (up to 48.50%) through the production of an 11-amino-acid peptide. IM1® displays the capability to displace pathogens from enterocytes, particularly Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella enterica, and to reduce the adhesion to the HT29 cells of C. sakazakii and Shigella sonnei. In animal models, the IM1® strain exhibits in vivo protection against rotavirus and improves the clinical symptomatology of bacterial gastroenteritis. A clinical study involving infants under 3 months of age revealed that IM1® reduced episodes of diarrhea, proving to be safe, well tolerated, and associated with a lower prevalence of constipation. B. infantis IM1® emerges as an effective probiotic, diminishing episodes of diarrhea caused by gastrointestinal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Moreno-Muñoz
- Laboratorios Ordesa S.L., Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.D.O.); (J.J.L.)
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Gulnaz A, Lew LC, Park YH, Sabir JSM, Albiheyri R, Rather IA, Hor YY. Efficacy of Probiotic Strains Lactobacillus sakei Probio65 and Lactobacillus plantarum Probio-093 in Management of Obesity: An In Vitro and In Vivo Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:676. [PMID: 38931347 PMCID: PMC11206994 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity, characterized by an excessive accumulation of adipose tissue and adipocyte hypertrophy, presents a major public health challenge. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus sakei Probio65 and Lactobacillus plantarum Probio-093, in the context of obesity. Utilizing 3T3-L1 cell-derived human adipocytes, we assessed Probio65's and Probio-093's capacity to mitigate triglyceride accumulation and influence adipocytokine production in vitro. Subsequently, an in vivo trial with male C57BL/6J mice examined the effects of both probiotic strains on adipose tissue characteristics, body weight, fat mass, and obesity-related gene expression. This study employed both live and ethanol-extracted bacterial cells. The results demonstrated significant reductions in the triglyceride deposition, body weight, and adipose tissue mass in the treated groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, both strains modulated adipokine profiles by downregulating proinflammatory markers such as PAI-1, leptin, TNF-α, STAMP2, F4/80, resistin, and MCP-1, and upregulating the insulin-sensitive transporter GLUT4 and the anti-inflammatory adiponectin (p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that Lactobacillus sakei Probio65 and Lactobacillus plantarum Probio-093 are promising agents for microbiome-targeted anti-obesity therapies, offering the effective mitigation of obesity and improvement in adipocyte function in a murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneela Gulnaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee-Ching Lew
- Probionic Corp., Jeonbuk Institute for Food-Bioindustry, 111-18, Wonjangdong-gil, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 38541, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ha Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Probionic Corp., Jeonbuk Institute for Food-Bioindustry, 111-18, Wonjangdong-gil, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 38541, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jamal S. M. Sabir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Albiheyri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan A. Rather
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yan-Yan Hor
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Probionic Corp., Jeonbuk Institute for Food-Bioindustry, 111-18, Wonjangdong-gil, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 38541, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Limosilactobacillus reuteri Regulating Intestinal Function: A Review. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics have extensive use in daily life, due to the function of the changing intestinal metabolism and material conversion processes, wherein they remodel the intestinal microbiota, regulate the intestinal function and affect the organism’s health. Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri), originally discovered in breast milk and currently reported to be present within the gut of almost all vertebrates and mammals, is an intestinal probiotic with prebiotic efficacy. Most L. reuteri have good intestinal colonization and bacteriocin secretion abilities, which can increase the expression of the mucin (mucoprotein) genes 2 MUC2 and MUC13, which in turn promote the development and maturation of intestinal organoids, and augment mucin secretion. In enteritis patients, L. reuteri downregulates α Tumor necrosis factor-α, (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and IL-12 expression to attenuate inflammation. It also induces the host’s production of immunoglobulin A (IGA), which manipulates the intestinal microbial community, inhibiting the growth of pathogens. L. reuteri has been widely used in daily life. with in-depth studies having been conducted on the prebiotic effects of L. reuteri. However, the complexity of its application in a clinical setting is still unclear because the pathogenesis of various diseases still requires a large amount of data and theoretical support.
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Zhong Y, Wang T, Luo R, Liu J, Jin R, Peng X. Recent advances and potentiality of postbiotics in the food industry: Composition, inactivation methods, current applications in metabolic syndrome, and future trends. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5768-5792. [PMID: 36537328 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2158174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Postbiotics are defined as "preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host". Postbiotics have unique advantages over probiotics, such as stability, safety, and wide application. Although postbiotics are research hotspots, the research on them is still very limited. This review provides comprehensive information on the scope of postbiotics, the preparation methods of inanimate microorganisms, and the application and mechanisms of postbiotics in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Furthermore, the application trends of postbiotics in the food industry are reviewed. It was found that postbiotics mainly include inactivated microorganisms, microbial lysates, cell components, and metabolites. Thermal treatments are the main methods to prepare inanimate microorganisms as postbiotics, while non-thermal treatments, such as ionizing radiation, ultraviolet light, ultrasound, and supercritical CO2, show great potential in postbiotic preparation. Postbiotics could ameliorate MetS through multiple pathways including the modulation of gut microbiota, the enhancement of intestinal barrier, the regulation of inflammation and immunity, and the modulation of hormone homeostasis. Additionally, postbiotics have great potential in the food industry as functional food supplements, food quality improvers, and food preservatives. In addition, the SWOT analyses showed that the development of postbiotics in the food industry exists both opportunities and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ruilin Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruyi Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoli Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Thorakkattu P, Khanashyam AC, Shah K, Babu KS, Mundanat AS, Deliephan A, Deokar GS, Santivarangkna C, Nirmal NP. Postbiotics: Current Trends in Food and Pharmaceutical Industry. Foods 2022; 11:3094. [PMID: 36230169 PMCID: PMC9564201 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics are non-viable bacterial products or metabolic byproducts produced by probiotic microorganisms that have biologic activity in the host. Postbiotics are functional bioactive compounds, generated in a matrix during anaerobic fermentation of organic nutrients like prebiotics, for the generation of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate. The byproducts of this metabolic sequence are called postbiotics, these are low molecular weight soluble compounds either secreted by live microflora or released after microbial cell lysis. A few examples of widely studied postbiotics are short-chain fatty acids, microbial cell fragments, extracellular polysaccharides, cell lysates, teichoic acid, vitamins, etc. Presently, prebiotics and probiotics are the products on the market; however, postbiotics are also gaining a great deal of attention. The numerous health advantages of postbiotic components may soon lead to an increase in consumer demand for postbiotic supplements. The most recent research aspects of postbiotics in the food and pharmaceutical industries are included in this review. The review encompasses a brief introduction, classification, production technologies, characterization, biological activities, and potential applications of postbiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada Thorakkattu
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Food Science Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | | | - Kartik Shah
- Sargento Foods, 305 Pine Street, Elkhart Lake, WI 53020, USA
| | - Karthik Sajith Babu
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Food Science Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Anjaly Shanker Mundanat
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat 131028, India
| | | | - Gitanjali S. Deokar
- Department of Quality Assurance, MET’s Institute of Pharmacy, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Nashik 422003, India
| | - Chalat Santivarangkna
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Nilesh Prakash Nirmal
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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Montazeri-Najafabady N, Kazemi K, Gholami A. Recent advances in antiviral effects of probiotics: potential mechanism study in prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022; 77:3211-3228. [PMID: 35789756 PMCID: PMC9244507 DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), progressively extended worldwide countries on an epidemic scale. Along with all the drug treatments suggested to date, currently, there are no approved management protocols and treatment regimens for SARS-CoV-2. The unavailability of optimal medication and effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 indicates the requirement for alternative therapies. Probiotics are living organisms that deliberate beneficial effects on the host when used sufficiently and in adequate amounts, and fermented food is their rich source. Probiotics affect viruses by antiviral mechanisms and reduce diarrhea and respiratory tract infection. At this point, we comprehensively evaluated the antiviral effects of probiotics and their mechanism with a particular focus on SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we suggested the conceptual and potential mechanisms of probiotics by which they could exhibit antiviral properties against SARS-CoV-2, according to the previous evidence concerning the mechanism of antiviral effects of probiotics. This study reviewed recent studies that speculate about the role of probiotics in the prevention of the SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm through the mechanisms such as induction of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10), downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6), inhibition of JAK signaling pathway, and act as HDAC inhibitor. Also, the recent clinical trials and their outcome have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Montazeri-Najafabady
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kimia Kazemi
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Bourebaba Y, Marycz K, Mularczyk M, Bourebaba L. Postbiotics as potential new therapeutic agents for metabolic disorders management. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113138. [PMID: 35717780 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and related metabolic disorders has been steadily increasing in the past few decades. Apart from the establishment of caloric restrictions in combination with improved physical activity, there are no effective pharmacological treatments for most metabolic disorders. Many scientific-studies have described various beneficial effects of probiotics in regulating metabolism but others questioned their effectiveness and safety. Postbiotics are defined as preparation of inanimate microorganisms, and/or their components, which determine their safety of use and confers a health benefit to the host. Additionally, unlike probiotics postbiotics do not require stringent production/storage conditions. Recently, many lines of evidence demonstrated that postbiotics may be beneficial in metabolic disorders management via several potential effects including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti-proliferative, and hypocholesterolaemia properties that enhance both the immune system and intestinal barrier functions by acting directly on specific tissues of the intestinal epithelium, but also on various organs or tissues. In view of the many reports that demonstrated the high biological activity and safety of postbiotics, we summarized in the present review the current findings reporting the beneficial effects of various probiotics derivatives for the management of metabolic disorders and related alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina Bourebaba
- Laboratoire de Biomathématique, Biophysique, Biochimie et Scientométrie (L3BS), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria.
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95516, USA
| | - Malwina Mularczyk
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa, 11, Malin, 55-114 Wisznia Mała, Poland
| | - Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa, 11, Malin, 55-114 Wisznia Mała, Poland.
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Characterization of New Probiotic Isolates from Fermented Ajwa Dates of Madinah and Their Anti-Inflammatory Potential. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12105082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A total of 20 Lactobacillus strains isolated from fermented dates were tested for their probiotic potential by comparing their pH stability, resistance to low pH, and ability to tolerate bile salts. Out of 20 strains, 3 strains named as Lactobacillus pentosus KAU001, Lactiplantibacillus pentosus KAU002, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KAU003 had a high tolerance of acids and bile salts and the capability to adhere to the intestinal wall. In addition, the three isolates were tested for their anti-oxidation, anti-glucosidase inhibition, cholesterol-lowering, and anti-inflammation properties. Among them, strain KAU001 and KAU002 inhibited α-glucosidase, lowered cholesterol level, inhibited nitric oxide production, and showed a higher anti-oxidative ability that was significantly better than strain KAU003. Both strains also significantly inhibited the release of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 induced by LPS on RAW 264.7 macrophages (p < 0.001). The results indicated that KAU001 and KAU002 have the highest probiotic potential, potentially modulating metabolic health and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to allergic reactions.
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Rather IA, Kamli MR, Sabir JSM, Paray BA. Potential Antiviral Activity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KAU007 against Influenza Virus H1N1. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10030456. [PMID: 35335088 PMCID: PMC8954428 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of antiviral resistance has exacerbated a growing threat to public health. As a result, there is increasing demand for unconventional antivirals that can effectively replace the presently in-use drugs. Lactic acid-producing bacteria (LAB) are among the most common bacteria used in the food industry. These bacteria play an essential role in the fermentation of many foods and feed. Additionally, these bacteria are considered more economical, efficient, and safe “nutraceuticals” in the health care arsenal. Therefore, we carried out the screening and molecular characterization of raw camel milk LAB isolates and tested their inhibitory activity against influenza virus H1N1. The strain that exhibited the highest antiviral activity against the H1N1 virus, confirmed by hemagglutination assay, was identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KAU007. The study also confirmed the non-cytotoxic behavior of CFCS isolated from KAU007 against MDCK cells, approving its safety concern against the mammalian cells. Besides, CFCS at 5 and 10 mg/mL significantly decreased the level of IFN-γ (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001) and IL-6 (p < 0.001 and p < 0.005) in a dose-dependent manner, respectively. This is a preliminary report about the anti-influenza activity of KAU007 isolated from camel milk. This study reinforces that camel milk contains beneficial LAB isolates with antagonistic properties against the H1N1 influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan A. Rather
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.K.); (J.S.M.S.)
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Majid Rasool Kamli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.K.); (J.S.M.S.)
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal S. M. Sabir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.K.); (J.S.M.S.)
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bilal Ahmad Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Mantziari A, Salminen S, Szajewska H, Malagón-Rojas JN. Postbiotics against Pathogens Commonly Involved in Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1510. [PMID: 33008065 PMCID: PMC7601467 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Sustainable Development goals for 2020 included reducing all causes associated with infant and perinatal mortality in their priorities. The use of compounds with bioactive properties has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy due to their stimulating effect on the host's immune system. Additionally, biotherapeutic products such as postbiotics, tentatively defined as compounds produced during a fermentation process that support health and well-being, promote intestinal barrier integrity without posing considerable risks to children's health. Although this is a concept in development, there are increasing studies in the field of nutrition, chemistry, and health that aim to understand how postbiotics can help prevent different types of infections in priority populations such as minors under the age of five. The present review aims to describe the main mechanisms of action of postbiotics. In addition, it presents the available current evidence regarding the effects of postbiotics against pathogens commonly involved in pediatric infections. Postbiotics may constitute a safe alternative capable of modulating the cellular response and stimulating the host's humoral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Mantziari
- Functional Foods Forum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
| | - Seppo Salminen
- Functional Foods Forum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
| | - Hania Szajewska
- Department of Paediatrics at the Medical University of Warsaw, 02091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jeadran Nevardo Malagón-Rojas
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad El Bosque, 110121 Bogotá, Colombia;
- Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
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Karwal P, Vats ID, Sinha N, Singhal A, Sehgal T, Kumari P. Therapeutic Applications of Peptides against Zika Virus: A Review. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:3906-3923. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190111115132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Zika Virus (ZIKV) belongs to the class of flavivirus that can be transmitted by Aedes
mosquitoes. The number of Zika virus caused cases of acute infections, neurological disorders and
congenital microcephaly are rapidly growing and therefore, in 2016, the World Health Organization
declared a global “Public Health Emergency of International Concern”. Anti-ZIKV therapeutic and
vaccine development strategies are growing worldwide in recent years, however, no specific and safe
treatment is available till date to save the human life. Currently, development of peptide therapeutics
against ZIKV has attracted rising attention on account of their high safety concern and low development
cost, in comparison to small therapeutic molecules and antibody-based anti-viral drugs. In present
review, an overview of ZIKV inhibition by peptide-based inhibitors including E-protein derived
peptides, antimicrobial peptides, frog skin peptides and probiotic peptides has been discussed. Peptides
inhibitors have also been reported to act against NS5, NS2B-NS3 protease and proteasome in
order to inhibit ZIKV infection. Recent advances in peptide-based therapeutics and vaccine have
been reviewed and their future promise against ZIKV infections has been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Karwal
- Department of Biochemistry, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110019, India
| | - Ishwar Dutt Vats
- Department of Chemistry, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110019, India
| | - Niharika Sinha
- Drug Development Laboratory Group, Gautam Buddha University, Noida, India
| | - Anchal Singhal
- Department of Chemistry, St. Joseph's College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Teena Sehgal
- Department of Chemistry, HMRITM, GGSIP University, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratibha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110019, India
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Akter S, Park JH, Jung HK. Potential Health-Promoting Benefits of Paraprobiotics, Inactivated Probiotic Cells. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:477-481. [PMID: 31986247 PMCID: PMC9728361 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1911.11019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Viability plays an important role in the beneficial microbes (probiotics) to produce health benefits. However, this idea has been changed after the invention of the term "paraprobiotics," indicating that non-viable microbes could produce health benefits similar to those produced by live probiotics. Occasionally, it might be dangerous to administer live probiotics to people with weak immunity. In such cases, ingestion of paraprobiotics could be a potential alternative. The definition of paraprobiotics refers to the use of inactivated (non-viable) microbial cells or cell fractions to provide health benefits to the consumer. Paraprobiotics have attracted much attention because of their long shelf life, safety, and beneficial effects, such as modulation of immunity, modification of biological responses, reduction of cholesterol, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties. These features indicate that paraprobiotics may play a vital role in improving the health of the consumer by enhancing particular physiological functions, even though the exact underlying mechanisms have not yet been completely elucidated. In this mini-review, we briefly discuss the historical backgrounds of paraprobiotics and evidence of their health-promoting effects, prophylactic, and therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahina Akter
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors J.H.P. Phone: +82-31-750-5523 Fax:+82-31-750-5283 E-mail : H.K.J. E-mail:
| | - Hoo Kil Jung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors J.H.P. Phone: +82-31-750-5523 Fax:+82-31-750-5283 E-mail : H.K.J. E-mail:
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Yadav M, Shukla P. Efficient engineered probiotics using synthetic biology approaches: A review. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2019; 67:22-29. [PMID: 31538358 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The uses of probiotics-based food supplements are getting emphasis due to their power to ensure better health conditions. Probiotics have diverse and significant applications in the health sector, so probiotic strains require an understanding of the genome level organizations. Probiotics elucidate various functional parameters that control their metabolic functions. In this review, we have compiled aspects of synthetic biology, which are used for the optimization of metabolic processes in probiotics for their use as a supplement in allopathic medicines. Synthetic biology approaches provide information about diverse biosynthetic pathways and also facilitate the novel metabolic engineering approaches for probiotics strain improvement. We have discussed the synthetic biology approaches for producing engineered probiotics via genetic circuits, expression systems, and genome editing tools like CRISPR-Cas and PEVLAB. This review also enlightens future challenges in the development of engineered probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Yadav
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Swartwout B, Luo XM. Implications of Probiotics on the Maternal-Neonatal Interface: Gut Microbiota, Immunomodulation, and Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2840. [PMID: 30559747 PMCID: PMC6286978 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are being investigated for the treatment of autoimmune disease by re-balancing dysbiosis induced changes in the immune system. Pregnancy is a health concern surrounding autoimmune disease, both for the mother and her child. Probiotics for maternity are emerging on the market and have gained significant momentum in the literature. Thus far, evidence supports that probiotics alter the structure of the normal microbiota and the microbiota changes significantly during pregnancy. The interaction between probiotics-induced changes and normal changes during pregnancy is poorly understood. Furthermore, there is emerging evidence that the maternal gut microbiota influences the microbiota of offspring, leading to questions on how maternal probiotics may influence the health of neonates. Underpinning the development and balance of the immune system, the microbiota, especially that of the gut, is significantly important, and dysbiosis is an agent of immune dysregulation and autoimmunity. However, few studies exist on the implications of maternal probiotics for the outcome of pregnancy in autoimmune disease. Is it helpful or harmful for mother with autoimmune disease to take probiotics, and would this be protective or pathogenic for her child? Controversy surrounds whether probiotics administered maternally or during infancy are healthful for allergic disease, and their use for autoimmunity is relatively unexplored. This review aims to discuss the use of maternal probiotics in health and autoimmune disease and to investigate their immunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Swartwout
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Xin M. Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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