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Lin SP, Hong L, Hsieh CC, Lin YH, Chou YC, Santoso SP, Hsieh CW, Tsai TY, Cheng KC. In situ modification of foaming bacterial cellulose with chitosan and its application to active food packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:135114. [PMID: 39233147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Owing to a lack of specific biological functions, bacterial cellulose (BC) has been restricted in its application to the field of active packaging. In this study, we developed antimicrobial packaging materials using foaming BC (FBC) with chitosan (CS) and applied it to the preservation of chilled sea bass. The material property analysis demonstrated that 1.5 % CS/FBC maintained a high water content of 91 %, a swelling ratio of 75.6 %, great stress of 1.61 MPa, and great strain of 1.87 %. CS incorporation into FBC also decreased its crystallinity from 73.39 % to 69.3 %. Meanwhile, 1.5 % CS/FBC also provided great antimicrobial ability against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by approximately 2 log colony-forming units/mL inhibition utilizing contact-killing. Results of the preservation assessment indicated that 1.5 % CS/FBC efficiently inhibited Shewanella putrefaciens growth, reduced total volatile basic nitrogen release, and slightly inhibited lipid oxidation. Based on the above results, CS/FBC is an ecofriendly biomaterial produced from a microorganism that possesses high absorbency and strong antibacterial properties, making it suitable for development as antibacterial active packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ping Lin
- School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ling Hong
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Che Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Seafood Science, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsin Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Chou
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shella Permatasari Santoso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, 37 Kalijudan, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Tsai
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, 510 Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Optometry, Asia University, 500 Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
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2
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D A G, Adhikari J, Debnath P, Ghosh S, Ghosh P, Thomas S, Ghandilyan E, Gorbatov P, Kuchukyan E, Gasparyan S, Saha P. 3D printing of bacterial cellulose for potential wound healing applications: Current trends and prospects. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135213. [PMID: 39216564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Several advances in skin tissue engineering have been made to restore skin damage, facilitating wound healing. Bacterial cellulose (BC), a naturally occurring polymer, has gained attention as a potential material in wound healing due to its unique physical and biological properties. In recent years, with the advent of 3D bio-printing technology, new avenues have opened for fabricating customized wound dressings and scaffolds for tissue engineering purposes. The existing literature in this field mainly focuses on the ways of modifications of bacterial cellulose to make it printable. Still, the applicability of 3D printed scaffolds for wound healing needs to be explored more. This review article focuses on the current research on using 3D-printed BC for skin regeneration, including its production methods and physical and biological properties, making it a better choice than traditional dressings. Furthermore, it also highlights the limitations and future directions for using BC in wound healing and tissue engineering applications. This review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date exploration of the applications of 3D-printed BC in wound healing, drawing insights from pre-existing studies and emphasizing patient compliance, clinical outcomes, and economic viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouripriya D A
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research (JISIASR) Kolkata, JIS University, GP Block, Salt Lake, Sector-5, WB-700091, India
| | - Jaideep Adhikari
- School of Advanced Materials, Green Energy and Sensor Systems, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Poonam Debnath
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research (JISIASR) Kolkata, JIS University, GP Block, Salt Lake, Sector-5, WB-700091, India
| | - Shrayana Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
| | - Pooja Ghosh
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research (JISIASR) Kolkata, JIS University, GP Block, Salt Lake, Sector-5, WB-700091, India
| | - Sabu Thomas
- School of Energy Materials, School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Science and IIUCNN, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, India; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028 Johannesburg, South Africa; TrEST Research Park, TC-4/2322, GEM Building, Opposite College of Engineering Trivandrum, Kulathoor Rd, Sreekariyam, Trivandrum, Kerala 695016, India
| | - Emmanuel Ghandilyan
- Foldink, 22 Orbeli Brothers Street 0028, Yerevan, Armenia; Institute of Physiology after L. Orbeli National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, 22 Orbeli Brothers Street, 0028 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Pavel Gorbatov
- Foldink, 22 Orbeli Brothers Street 0028, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Elza Kuchukyan
- Foldink, 22 Orbeli Brothers Street 0028, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Seda Gasparyan
- Foldink, 22 Orbeli Brothers Street 0028, Yerevan, Armenia; Institute of Physiology after L. Orbeli National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, 22 Orbeli Brothers Street, 0028 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Prosenjit Saha
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research (JISIASR) Kolkata, JIS University, GP Block, Salt Lake, Sector-5, WB-700091, India.
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3
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Sereshti H, Mousavi Rad N. Bacterial cellulose-supported dual-layered nanofibrous adsorbent for thin-film micro-solid-phase extraction of antibiotics in municipal wastewaters. Talanta 2024; 276:126198. [PMID: 38718646 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
In this study, bacterial cellulose was coated with composite nanofibers of polyvinyl alcohol doped with beta cyclodextrin and alginate (PVA-SA-βCD), constructed using the electrospinning technique. This novel material served as an effective adsorbent for thin-film micro-solid-phase extraction (TF-μSPE) of antibiotics from water samples, followed by HPLC-UV analysis. The adsorbent was subjected to a comprehensive characterization using ATR-FTIR, FE-SEM, and BET techniques. These analyses provided valuable insights into its physicochemical structure and properties. Several key parameters that affect the performance of the TF-μSPE method were investigated including electrospinning factors (voltage, flow rate, needle tip-collector distance, and electrospinning time), desorption solvent type and volume, adsorbent dose, adsorption and desorption times, pH value, and salt percentage. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detections and quantifications for target antibiotics were obtained in the ranges of 0.02-0.03 and 0.07-0.1 μg L⁻1, respectively. The linear range was 0.07-1000 μg L⁻1 with satisfactory determination coefficients (r2) of 0.9944-0.9984. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were obtained as 1.1-1.7 % and 2.2-3.5 %, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to determine antibiotics in municipal wastewater samples, yielding recoveries within the range of 70-100 % (RSD%<3.7). The green features of the method were also assessed based on AGREE tool. This is the first report on the fabrication of a double-layered nanofibrous adsorbent and its application for the adsorption of antibiotics in wastewater. This robust approach combines efficiency with analytical accuracy, making it a valuable tool for antibiotic analysis in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sereshti
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Narges Mousavi Rad
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Lima NF, Maciel GM, Lima NP, Fernandes IDAA, Haminiuk CWI. Bacterial cellulose in cosmetic innovation: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133396. [PMID: 38945719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) emerges as a versatile biomaterial with a myriad of industrial applications, particularly within the cosmetics sector. The absence of hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin in its pure cellulose structure enables favorable interactions with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic biopolymers. This enhances compatibility with active ingredients commonly employed in cosmetics, such as antioxidants, vitamins, and botanical extracts. Recent progress in BC-based materials, which encompasses membranes, films, gels, nanocrystals, and nanofibers, highlights its significant potential in cosmetics. In this context, BC not only serves as a carrier for active ingredients but also plays a crucial role as a structural agent in formulations. The sustainability of BC production and processing is a central focus, highlighting the need for innovative approaches to strengthen scalability and cost-effectiveness. Future research endeavors, including the exploration of novel cultivation strategies and functionalization techniques, aim to maximize BC's therapeutic potential while broadening its scope in personalized skincare regimes. Therefore, this review emphasizes the crucial contribution of BC to the cosmetics sector, underlining its role in fostering innovation, sustainability, and ethical skincare practices. By integrating recent research findings and industry trends, this review proposes a fresh approach to advancing both skincare science and environmental responsibility in the cosmetics industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Folmann Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos (PPGEAL), Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), CEP (81531-980) Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Giselle Maria Maciel
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), CEP (81280-340) Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Nayara Pereira Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos (PPGEAL), Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), CEP (81531-980) Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isabela de Andrade Arruda Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental (PPGCTA), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), CEP (81280-340) Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Qiao W, Jia C, Yang J, Gao G, Guo D, Xu X, Wu Z, Saris PEJ, Xu H, Qiao M. Production of bacterial cellulose-based peptidopolysaccharide BC-L with anti-listerial properties using a co-cultivation strategy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133047. [PMID: 38857722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has been found extensive applications in diverse domains for its exceptional attributes. However, the lack of antibacterial properties hampers its utilization in food and biomedical sectors. Leucocin, a bacteriocin belonging to class IIa, is synthesized by Leuconostoc that demonstrates potent efficacy against the foodborne pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes. In the current study, co-culturing strategy involving Kosakonia oryzendophytica FY-07 and Leuconostoc carnosum 4010 was used to confer anti-listerial activity to BC, which resulted in the generation of leucocin-containing BC (BC-L). The physical characteristics of BC-L, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), were similar to the physical characteristics of BC. Notably, the experimental results of disc diffusion and growth curve indicated that the BC-L film exhibited a potent inhibitory effect against L. monocytogenes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that BC-L exerts its bactericidal activity by forming pores on the bacterial cell wall. Despite the BC-L antibacterial mechanism, which involves pore formation, the mammalian cell viability remained unaffected by the BC-L film. The measurement results of zeta potential indicated that the properties of BC changed after being loaded with leucocin. Based on these findings, the anti-listerial BC-L generated through this co-culture system holds promise as a novel effective antimicrobial agent for applications in meat product preservation and packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjin Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00940, Finland
| | - Chunhui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dingyi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xian Xu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Zhenzhou Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Per Erik Joakim Saris
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00940, Finland
| | - Haijin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Mingqiang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030000, China.
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6
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Ren J, Miao L, Feng W, Ma T, Jiang H. Inducible biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose in recombinant Enterobacter sp. FY-07. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133755. [PMID: 38986995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an extracellular polysaccharide with myriad unique properties, such as high purity, water-holding capacity and biocompatibility, making it attractive in materials science. However, genetic engineering techniques for BC-producing microorganisms are rare. Herein, the electroporation-based gene transformation and the λ Red-mediated gene knockout method with a nearly 100 % recombination efficiency were established in the fast-growing and BC hyperproducer Enterobacter sp. FY-07. This genetic manipulation toolkit was validated by inactivating the protein subunit BcsA in the cellulose synthase complex. Subsequently, the inducible BC-producing strains from glycerol were constructed through inducible expression of the key gene fbp in the gluconeogenesis pathway, which recovered >80 % of the BC production. Finally, the BC properties analysis results indicated that the induced-synthesized BC pellicles were looser, more porous and reduced crystallinity, which could further broaden the application prospects of BC. To our best knowledge, this is the first attempt to construct the completely inducible BC-producing strains. Our work paves the way for increasing BC productivity by metabolic engineering and broadens the available fabrication methods for BC-based advanced functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxun Ren
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Liangtian Miao
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ting Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Huifeng Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China.
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Panahi-Sarmad M, Alikarami N, Guo T, Haji M, Jiang F, Rojas OJ. Aerogels based on Bacterial Nanocellulose and their Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403583. [PMID: 39073312 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Microbial cellulose stands out for its exceptional characteristics in the form of biofilms formed by highly interlocked fibrils, namely, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). Concurrently, bio-based aerogels are finding uses in innovative materials owing to their lightweight, high surface area, physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. In particular, bio-based aerogels based on BNC offer significant opportunities as alternatives to synthetic or mineral counterparts. BNC aerogels are proposed for diverse applications, ranging from sensors to medical devices, as well as thermal and electroactive systems. Due to the fibrous nanostructure of BNC and the micro-porosity of BNC aerogels, these materials enable the creation of tailored and specialized designs. Herein, a comprehensive review of BNC-based aerogels, their attributes, hierarchical, and multiscale features are provided. Their potential across various disciplines is highlighted, emphasizing their biocompatibility and suitability for physical and chemical modification. BNC aerogels are shown as feasible options to advance material science and foster sustainable solutions through biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahyar Panahi-Sarmad
- Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2900-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Bioproducts Institute, University of British Columbia, 2385 Agronomy Rd and East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Niloofar Alikarami
- Bioproducts Institute, University of British Columbia, 2385 Agronomy Rd and East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tianyu Guo
- Bioproducts Institute, University of British Columbia, 2385 Agronomy Rd and East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Mehri Haji
- Bioproducts Institute, University of British Columbia, 2385 Agronomy Rd and East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2900-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Bioproducts Institute, University of British Columbia, 2385 Agronomy Rd and East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2900-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Bioproducts Institute, University of British Columbia, 2385 Agronomy Rd and East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Anitasari S, Budi HS, Shen YK, Arina YMD. New Insight of Scaffold Based on Hydroxyapatite (HAp)/Bacteria's Nanocellulose (BN) for Dental Tissue Engineering. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:891-897. [PMID: 37995727 PMCID: PMC11290933 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bacterial nanocellulose (BN), derived from Acetobacter xylinum ATCC 237672, is a polymer that offers several desirable characteristics for scaffolds applications. To further enhance the characteristic of the BN scaffold, hydroxyapatite (HAp) from Anadara granosa and Achatina fulica can be incorporated. Therefore, the aim of the study was to characterize the physical properties of a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold made of HAp and BN. MATERIALS AND METHODS The scaffold was developed using the cellulose immersion technique, where BN was soaked in HAp suspension for different duration (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 hours). The physical properties that were evaluated included porosity, pore density, swelling ratio, and water retention. RESULTS The HAp/BN 3D scaffold, which is considered a hydrogel material, exhibited favorable physical properties that can support cell survival. The total porosity of the scaffolds was 100%. There was no significant difference porosity among the groups (p > 0.05). The swelling ratio increased on day 1 and then sharply decreased on day 2. There was a significant difference between the groups on both day 1 and day 2 (p < 0.05). The scaffolds immersed in the HAp for more than 15 hours exhibited higher water retention compared to the other groups, and there was a significant difference between the groups on day 2 and day 4 (p < 0.05). The scaffold immersed for more than 15 hours exhibited a higher pore density compared to those immersed for less than 15 hours, and there was no a significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the HAp/BN 3D scaffold, especially when immersed in HAp for 15 hours, possesses promising physical properties that make it suitable for various applications in dental tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Anitasari
- Department of Dental Material and Devices, Dentistry Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia
- Department Medical Microbiology, Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia
| | - Hendrik Setia Budi
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Yung-Kang Shen
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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9
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Khanchezar S, Babaeipour V, Mostafa AS. Overproduction of bacterial cellulose from Acetobacter xylinum BPR2001 using food industries wastes. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024; 71:584-595. [PMID: 38233730 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a cost-effective complex culture media containing molasses and corn steep liquor (CSL) was developed for the high production of bacterial cellulose (BC) by investigating the effect of four effective factors on BC production at three levels using Taguchi and combined methods. The predicted and actual values of BC production in optimal conditions by Taguchi and combined methods were 8.41 and 14.52 g/L, respectively. These results showed that the combined method was more suitable for predicting the optimal conditions in the optimization of BC production, the cost of developed culture medium was around 94% cost of HS medium preparation, molasses was the most effective factor in both experimental design methods, and initial pH adjustment had little impact on BC production. Then, the effect of inoculation conditions containing three factors of inoculation age, ethanol addition time, and agitation rate on the increase of BC production at three levels was investigated using the response surface methodology with the Box-Behnken design algorithm. Under the optimal conditions including inoculum age of 3 days, ethanol addition time of 10 days, and stirring speed of 100 rpm, the predicted and experimental results of BC production were 21.61 and 20.21 g/L, respectively. This is among the highest ever reported for BC production, which was achieved with a more cost-effective culture medium containing molasses and CSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirwan Khanchezar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Valiolah Babaeipour
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Sadat Mostafa
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Stanisławska A, Szkodo M, Staroszczyk H, Dawidowska K, Kołaczkowska M, Siondalski P. Effect of the ex situ physical and in situ chemical modification of bacterial nanocellulose on mechanical properties in the context of its potential applications in heart valve design. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131951. [PMID: 38710253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a promising material for heart valve prostheses. However, its low strength properties limit its applicability in cardiovascular surgery. To overcome these limitations, the mechanical properties of BNC can be improved through modifications. The aim of the research was to investigate the extent to which the mechanical properties of BNC can be altered by modifying its structure during its production and after synthesis. The study presents the results of various analyses, including tensile tests, nanoindentation tests, X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, conducted on BNC chemically modified in situ with hyaluronic acid (BNC/HA) and physically modified ex situ through a dehydration/rehydration process (BNC 25DR, BNC105DR, BNC FDR and BNC/HA 25DR, BNC/HA 105DR, BNC/HA FDR). The results demonstrate that both chemical and physical modifications can effectively shape the mechanical properties of BNC. These modifications induce changes in the crystalline structure, pore size and distribution, and residual stresses of BNC. Results show the effect of the crystalline structure of BNC on its mechanical properties. There is correlation between hardness and Young's modulus and Iα/Iβ index for BNC/HA and between creep rate of BNC/HA, and Young's modulus for BNC vs Iα/Iβ index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Stanisławska
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Marek Szkodo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Hanna Staroszczyk
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology of Food, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Kinga Dawidowska
- Medical Engineering Division, Maritime Advanced Research Centre, Szczecińska 65 St., 80-392 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kołaczkowska
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7 St., 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Siondalski
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7 St., 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
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11
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Núñez D, Oyarzún P, Cáceres R, Elgueta E, Gamboa M. Citrate-buffered Yamanaka medium allows to produce high-yield bacterial nanocellulose in static culture using Komagataeibacter strains isolated from apple cider vinegar. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1375984. [PMID: 38812914 PMCID: PMC11133569 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1375984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a sustainable, renewable, and eco-friendly nanomaterial, which has gained great attentions in both academic and industrial fields. Two bacterial nanocellulose-producing strains (CVV and CVN) were isolated from apple vinegar sources, presenting high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (96%-98%) with Komagataeibacter species. The biofilm was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing the presence of rod-shaped bacteria intricately embedded in the polymeric matrix composed of nanofibers of bacterial nanocellulose. FTIR spectrum and XRD pattern additionally confirmed the characteristic chemical structure associated with this material. The yields and productivities achieved during 10 days of fermentation were compared with Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 53524, resulting in low levels of BNC production. However, a remarkable increase in the BNC yield was achieved for CVV (690% increase) and CVN (750% increase) strains at day 6 of the fermentation upon adding 22 mM citrate buffer into the medium. This effect is mainly attributed to the buffering capacity of the modified Yakamana medium, which allowed to maintain pH close to 4.0 until day 6, though in combination with additional factors including stimulation of the gluconeogenesis pathway and citrate assimilation as a carbon source. In addition, the productivities determined for both isolated strains (0.850 and 0.917 g L-1 d-1) compare favorably to previous works, supporting current efforts to improve fermentation performance in static cultures and the feasibility of scaling-up BNC production in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariela Núñez
- Departamento de Química Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Patricio Oyarzún
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Cáceres
- Departamento de Química Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Elizabeth Elgueta
- Departamento de Química Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Maribet Gamboa
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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12
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Sharma P, Sharma R, Ahuja S, Yadav A, Arora S, Aggarwal NK. Enhancement of bacterial cellulose production by ethanol and lactic acid by using Gluconacetobacter kombuchae. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:700-708. [PMID: 37937534 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2276188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The current study intended to analyze the impact of ethanol and lactic acid on the bacterial cellulose yield as well as physicochemical and mechanical properties, by using Gluconacetobacter kombuchae. The optimization of ethanol and lactic acid concentration has been done by using one-way ANOVA. Both the supplements significantly enhance the yield of bacterial cellulose (BC) as compared to the standard Hestrin-Schramm medium (control). Optimization leads to significant increase in BC yield as compared to the control, i.e., the addition, of optimized concentration of lactic acid (0.6%) increases the yield from (0.78 ± 0.026) g to (4.89 ± 0.020) g dry weight, and optimized concentration of ethanol (1%) increases the yield from (0.73 ± 0.057) g to (3.7 ± 0.01) g dry weight. Various physicochemical and mechanical properties of BC films produced in different media (i.e., HS, HS + Ethanol, and HS + Lactic acid), such as the crystallinity, structure, tensile strength, strain at break, Young's modulus, and water holding capacity, were also examined, by employing various techniques such as SEM, FTIR, XRD, etc. BC produced in medium supplemented with the optimum concentration of both the additives were found to possesses higher porosity. Though, slight decline in crystallinity was observed. But the tensile strength and strain at break, were upgraded 1.5-2.5 times, 2-2.5 times, respectively. This article attempted to present a method for enhancing BC yields and characteristics that may lead to more widespread and cost-effective use of this biopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Ritu Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Simran Ahuja
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Anita Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjiv Arora
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Neeraj K Aggarwal
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
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13
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Li B, Wang X, Wang P. Microorganisms and bacterial cellulose stability of Kombucha under different manufacture and storage conditions. J Food Sci 2024; 89:2921-2932. [PMID: 38591324 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
It is crucial to clarify the stability of Kombucha in the manufacture and storage stages due to the extensive study on the fermented products of Kombucha and the increase in the use of bacterial cellulose (BC). This study aimed to evaluate the stability of Kombucha in different manufacturing and storage temperatures within a certain time period. The stability of microorganisms and BC in Kombucha was investigated through regular replacement with the tea media at 28 and 25°C for manufacture, and the storage temperature of Kombucha was at 25, 4, and -20°C. Morphological observations of the BC in Kombucha ended at 28 and 25°C for manufacture and storage were performed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) before inoculation. The viable cell counts and AFM results showed that the stability of Kombucha during manufacture was better at 28°C than at 25°C, with higher microbial viability and BC productivity in the former at the time of manufacture, whereas 25°C was more favorable for the stability of Kombucha during storage. At the same temperature of 25°C, the manufacturing practice improved the microbial viability and BC stability compared with storage; the pH value of Kombucha was lower, and the dry weight of BC was higher during storage compared with manufacture. The maximum BC water holding capacity (97.16%) was maintained by storage at 4°C on day 63, and the maximum BC swelling rate (56.92%) was observed after storage at -20°C on day 7. The research was conducted to provide reference information for applying Kombucha and its BC in food and development in other industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xufeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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14
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Nguyen TP, Nguyen NN, Lien TN, Nguyen QD. Tannin Removal of Cashew Apple Juice by Powdered Gelatin Treatment and Its Utilization in Bacterial Cellulose Production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1435-1449. [PMID: 37418126 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04632-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, cashew apple juice was treated with different levels of powdered gelatin (2%, 5%, and 10%) to remove tannins. The results showed that the addition of 5% gelatin removed 99.2% of condensed tannins while did not affect reducing sugars of juice. Subsequently, tannin-free cashew apple juice (CA) was aerobically fermented for 14 days with Komagataeibacter saccharivorans strain 1.1 (KS) and Gluconacetobacter entanii HWW100 (GE) in comparison with Hestrin-Schramm (HS) medium as control. The dry weight of bacterial cellulose (BC) obtained from the KS strain (2.12 and 1.48 g/L for CA and HS media, respectively) was higher than that from the GE strain (0.69 and 1.21 g/L for CA and HS media, respectively). Although GE showed low BC production yield, its viability in both media after 14-day fermentation was notable (6.06-7.21 log CFU/mL) compared to KS strain (1.90-3.30 log CFU/mL). In addition, the XRD and FT-IR analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the crystallinity and functional groups of BC films when cultured on CA and HS medium, while the morphology by SEM exhibited the phenolic molecules on the film surface. Cashew apple juice has been shown to be a viable and cost-effective medium for the BC production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran-Phong Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 754000, Vietnam
| | - Nhu-Ngoc Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 754000, Vietnam
| | - Tuyet-Ngan Lien
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 754000, Vietnam
| | - Quoc-Duy Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 754000, Vietnam.
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15
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Huang YC, Khumsupan D, Lin SP, Santoso SP, Hsu HY, Cheng KC. Production of bacterial cellulose (BC)/nisin composite with enhanced antibacterial and mechanical properties through co-cultivation of Komagataeibacter xylinum and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128977. [PMID: 38154722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
By employing co-cultivation technique on Komagataeibacter xylinum and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, bacterial cellulose (BC)/nisin films with improved antibacterial activity and mechanical properties were successfully produced. The findings demonstrated that increased nisin production is associated with an upregulation of gene expression. Furthermore, results from Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) confirmed the integration of nisin within BC. While being biocompatible with human cells, the BC/nisin composites exhibited antimicrobial activity. Moreover, mechanical property analyses showed a noticeable improvement in Young's modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break by 161, 271, and 195 %, respectively. Additionally, the nisin content in fermentation broth was improved by 170 % after co-culture, accompanied by an 8 % increase in pH as well as 10 % decrease in lactate concentration. Real-time reverse transcription PCR analysis revealed an upregulation of 11 nisin-related genes after co-cultivation, with the highest increase in nisA (5.76-fold). To our knowledge, this is the first study which demonstrates that an increase in secondary metabolites after co-culturing is modulated by gene expression. This research offers a cost-effective approach for BC composite production and presents a technique to enhance metabolite concentration through the regulation of relevant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Darin Khumsupan
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Ping Lin
- School of Food Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Shella Permatasari Santoso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia; Collaborative Research Center for Sustainable and Zero Waste Industries, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Hsien-Yi Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Optometry, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan 41354; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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16
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Saejung C, Phonaiam S, Kotthale P, Chaiyarat A. Bacterial cellulose as a reinforcement material of alginate beads improves effectiveness and recycling potential of immobilized photosynthetic bacteria for cooking oil waste removal. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121532. [PMID: 37985061 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The rapid degradation of alginate beads limits the lifespan of immobilized cells. In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) incorporated in alginate was used to improve the mechanical properties, swelling ratio, and recycling time of the immobilized photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas faecalis PA2 for the removal of cooking oil residues. Beads reinforced with 25 and 50% BC showed a higher Young's modulus and compressive strength and a lower swelling ratio than the control treatment (0% BC). The incorporation of 50% BC increased biomass production and oil removal. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy revealed several bacteria-infested internal pores in the reinforced beads, indicating bacterial growth in the presence of BC. Bacterial viability was verified by BC immersion in the bacterial culture broth and by injecting bacteria into the BC matrix. Without BC reinforcement, beads collapsed after reuse in two batches, whereas reinforced beads could be reused for five batches, resulting in an oil removal rate of up to 76.3 %. Our results show that BC can be used as an alginate reinforcing material to improve bead stability and prolong the effective recycling period of immobilized bacteria without negatively affecting bacterial growth or waste oil removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chewapat Saejung
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Saitharn Phonaiam
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Prawphan Kotthale
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Anuwat Chaiyarat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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17
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Malekpour K, Hazrati A, Khosrojerdi A, Roshangar L, Ahmadi M. An overview to nanocellulose clinical application: Biocompatibility and opportunities in disease treatment. Regen Ther 2023; 24:630-641. [PMID: 38034858 PMCID: PMC10682839 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the demand for organ transplantation has promptly increased due to the enhanced incidence of body organ failure, the increasing efficiency of transplantation, and the improvement in post-transplant outcomes. However, due to a lack of suitable organs for transplantation to fulfill current demand, significant organ shortage problems have emerged. Developing efficient technologies in combination with tissue engineering (TE) has opened new ways of producing engineered tissue substitutes. The use of natural nanoparticles (NPs) such as nanocellulose (NC) and nano-lignin should be used as suitable candidates in TE due to their desirable properties. Many studies have used these components to form scaffolds and three-dimensional (3D) cultures of cells derived from different tissues for tissue repair. Interestingly, these natural NPs can afford scaffolds a degree of control over their characteristics, such as modifying their mechanical strength and distributing bioactive compounds in a controlled manner. These bionanomaterials are produced from various sources and are highly compatible with human-derived cells as they are derived from natural components. In this review, we discuss some new studies in this field. This review summarizes the scaffolds based on NC, counting nanocrystalline cellulose and nanofibrillated cellulose. Also, the efficient approaches that can extract cellulose with high purity and increased safety are discussed. We concentrate on the most recent research on the use of NC-based scaffolds for the restoration, enhancement, or replacement of injured organs and tissues, such as cartilage, skin, arteries, brain, and bone. Finally, we suggest the experiments and promises of NC-based TE scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosar Malekpour
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hazrati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Khosrojerdi
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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18
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Mardawati E, Rahmah DM, Rachmadona N, Saharina E, Pertiwi TYR, Zahrad SA, Ramdhani W, Srikandace Y, Ratnaningrum D, Endah ES, Andriani D, Khoo KS, Pasaribu KM, Satoto R, Karina M. Pineapple core from the canning industrial waste for bacterial cellulose production by Komagataeibacter xylinus. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22010. [PMID: 38034652 PMCID: PMC10682637 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To address the high production cost associated with bacterial cellulose (BC) production using the Hestrin-Schramm (HS) medium, alternative agricultural wastes have been investigated as potential low-cost resources. This study aims to utilize pineapple core from pineapple canning industry waste as a carbon source to enhance the bacterial growth of Komagataeibacter xylinus and to characterize the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting BC. To assess growth performance, commercial sugar at concentrations of 0, 2.5, and 5.0 % (w/v) was incorporated into the medium. Fermentation was conducted under static conditions at room temperature for 5, 10, and 15 days. The structural and physical properties of BC were characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRD, and DSC. With the exception of crystallinity, BC produced from the pineapple core medium exhibited comparable characteristics to BC produced in the HS medium. These findings highlight the potential of utilizing pineapple core, a byproduct of the canning industry, as an economically viable nutrient source for BC production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efri Mardawati
- Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45365, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Center for Biomass and Biorefinery between BRIN and Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Devi Maulida Rahmah
- Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45365, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Center for Biomass and Biorefinery between BRIN and Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Nova Rachmadona
- Research Collaboration Center for Biomass and Biorefinery between BRIN and Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Elen Saharina
- Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45365, Indonesia
| | - Tanti Yulianti Raga Pertiwi
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No.10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Siti Aisyah Zahrad
- School of Life Sciences and Technology ITB, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No.10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Wahyu Ramdhani
- Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Kompleks BRIN, Jalan Sangkuriang-Cisitu, Bandung, 40135, Indonesia
| | - Yoice Srikandace
- Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Kompleks BRIN, Jalan Sangkuriang-Cisitu, Bandung, 40135, Indonesia
| | - Diah Ratnaningrum
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Een Sri Endah
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Dian Andriani
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Khatarina Meldawati Pasaribu
- Research Collaboration Center for Biomass and Biorefinery between BRIN and Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
- Research Center for Biomass and Bio-product, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Km. 46, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Rahmat Satoto
- Research Center for Biomass and Bio-product, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Km. 46, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Myrtha Karina
- Research Collaboration Center for Biomass and Biorefinery between BRIN and Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
- Research Center for Biomass and Bio-product, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Km. 46, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Center for Nanocellulose, BRIN - Andalas University, Padang, 25163, Indonesia
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19
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Sar T, Kiraz P, Braho V, Harirchi S, Akbas MY. Novel Perspectives on Food-Based Natural Antimicrobials: A Review of Recent Findings Published since 2020. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2234. [PMID: 37764078 PMCID: PMC10536795 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Various fruit and vegetable wastes, particularly peels, seeds, pulp, and unprocessed residues from the food industry, are abundant sources of antioxidants and essential antimicrobial agents. These valuable bioactive compounds recovered from the food industry have a great application in food, agriculture, medicine, and pharmacology. Food-derived natural antimicrobials offer advantages such as diminishing microbial loads and prolonging the shelf life of food products particularly prone to microbial spoilage. They not only enrich the foods with antioxidants but also help prevent microbial contamination, thereby prolonging their shelf life. Similarly, incorporating these natural antimicrobials into food packaging products extends the shelf life of meat products. Moreover, in agricultural practices, these natural antimicrobials act as eco-friendly pesticides, eliminating phytopathogenic microbes responsible for causing plant diseases. In medicine and pharmacology, they are being explored as potential therapeutic agents. This review article is based on current studies conducted in the last four years, evaluating the effectiveness of food-based natural antimicrobials in food, agriculture, medicine, and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taner Sar
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden; (V.B.); (S.H.)
| | - Pelin Kiraz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli 41400, Türkiye; (P.K.); (M.Y.A.)
| | - Vjola Braho
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden; (V.B.); (S.H.)
| | - Sharareh Harirchi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden; (V.B.); (S.H.)
| | - Meltem Yesilcimen Akbas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli 41400, Türkiye; (P.K.); (M.Y.A.)
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20
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Jenkhongkarn R, Phisalaphong M. Effect of Reduction Methods on the Properties of Composite Films of Bacterial Cellulose-Silver Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2996. [PMID: 37514387 PMCID: PMC10384582 DOI: 10.3390/polym15142996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Composite films of bacterial cellulose-silver nanoparticles (BC-Ag) were prepared by different methods of in situ reduction of silver ions, using sodium hydroxide, ascorbic acid, chitosan, and UV irradiation. The effects of the reduction methods on their properties were investigated. The chitosan-reduced composite exhibited dispersed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) within the nanocellulose matrix with the smallest size, while the ascorbic-reduced composite displayed the largest size. The incorporation of AgNPs tended to reduce the crystallinity of the composites, except for the ascorbic-reduced composite, which exhibited an increase in crystallinity. Mechanical testing revealed that the ascorbic-reduced composite had the highest Young's modulus of 8960 MPa, whereas the UV-reduced composite had the highest tensile strength and elongation at break. Thermal analysis of BC-Ag composites indicated similar glass transition temperature and decomposition profiles to BC, with additional weight-loss steps at high temperatures. The sodium hydroxide-reduced composite demonstrated the highest electrical conductivity of 1.1 × 10-7 S/cm. Water absorption capacity was reduced by the incorporation of AgNPs, except for the chitosan-reduced composite, which showed an enhanced water absorption capacity of 344%. All BC-Ag composites displayed very strong antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. These results also highlight the potential uses of BC-Ag composites for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchanon Jenkhongkarn
- Bio-Circular-Green-Economy Technology & Engineering Center (BCGeTEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Muenduen Phisalaphong
- Bio-Circular-Green-Economy Technology & Engineering Center (BCGeTEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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21
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Nguyen NN, Tran TTV, Nguyen QD, Nguyen TP, Lien TN. Modification of microstructure and selected physicochemical properties of bacterial cellulose produced by bacterial isolate using hydrocolloid-fortified Hestrin-Schramm medium. Biotechnol Prog 2023; 39:e3344. [PMID: 37025043 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biopolymer with applications in numerous industries such as food and pharmaceutical sectors. In this study, various hydrocolloids including modified starches (oxidized starch-1404 and hydroxypropyl starch-1440), locust bean gum, xanthan gum (XG), guar gum, and carboxymethyl cellulose were added to the Hestrin-Schramm medium to improve the production performance and microstructure of BC by Gluconacetobacter entanii isolated from coconut water. After 14-day fermentation, medium supplemented with 0.1% carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.1% XG resulted in the highest BC yield with dry BC content of 9.82 and 6.06 g/L, respectively. In addition, scanning electron microscopy showed that all modified films have the characteristic three-dimensional network of cellulose nanofibers with dense structure and low porosity as well as larger fiber size compared to control. X-ray diffraction indicated that BC fortified with carboxymethyl cellulose exhibited lower crystallinity while Fourier infrared spectroscopy showed characteristic peaks of both control and modified BC films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhu-Ngoc Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 754000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Tuong Vi Tran
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 754000, Vietnam
| | - Quoc-Duy Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 754000, Vietnam
| | - Tran-Phong Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 754000, Vietnam
| | - Tuyet-Ngan Lien
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 754000, Vietnam
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22
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Tapias YA, Monte MD, Peltzer MA, Salvay AG. Kombucha fermentation in yerba mate: Cellulose production, films formulation and its characterisation. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2023.100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
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23
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Fooladi S, Nematollahi MH, Rabiee N, Iravani S. Bacterial Cellulose-Based Materials: A Perspective on Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37146213 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Today, a wide variety of bio- and nanomaterials have been deployed for cardiovascular tissue engineering (TE), including polymers, metal oxides, graphene/its derivatives, organometallic complexes/composites based on inorganic-organic components, among others. Despite several advantages of these materials with unique mechanical, biological, and electrical properties, some challenges still remain pertaining to their biocompatibility, cytocompatibility, and possible risk factors (e.g., teratogenicity or carcinogenicity), restricting their future clinical applications. Natural polysaccharide- and protein-based (nano)structures with the benefits of biocompatibility, sustainability, biodegradability, and versatility have been exploited in the field of cardiovascular TE focusing on targeted drug delivery, vascular grafts, engineered cardiac muscle, etc. The usage of these natural biomaterials and their residues offers several advantages in terms of environmental aspects such as alleviating emission of greenhouse gases as well as the production of energy as a biomass consumption output. In TE, the development of biodegradable and biocompatible scaffolds with potentially three-dimensional structures, high porosity, and suitable cellular attachment/adhesion still needs to be comprehensively studied. In this context, bacterial cellulose (BC) with high purity, porosity, crystallinity, unique mechanical properties, biocompatibility, high water retention, and excellent elasticity can be considered as promising candidate for cardiovascular TE. However, several challenges/limitations regarding the absence of antimicrobial factors and degradability along with the low yield of production and extensive cultivation times (in large-scale production) still need to be resolved using suitable hybridization/modification strategies and optimization of conditions. The biocompatibility and bioactivity of BC-based materials along with their thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability are crucial aspects in designing TE scaffolds. Herein, cardiovascular TE applications of BC-based materials are deliberated, with a focus on the most recent advancements, important challenges, and future perspectives. Other biomaterials with cardiovascular TE applications and important roles of green nanotechnology in this field of science are covered to better compare and comprehensively review the subject. The application of BC-based materials and the collective roles of such biomaterials in the assembly of sustainable and natural-based scaffolds for cardiovascular TE are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Fooladi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555 Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555 Kerman, Iran
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555 Kerman, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia 6150, Australia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 81746-73461 Isfahan, Iran
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24
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Bakhori NM, Ismail Z, Hassan MZ, Dolah R. Emerging Trends in Nanotechnology: Aerogel-Based Materials for Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1063. [PMID: 36985957 PMCID: PMC10058649 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
At present, aerogel is one of the most interesting materials globally. The network of aerogel consists of pores with nanometer widths, which leads to a variety of functional properties and broad applications. Aerogel is categorized as inorganic, organic, carbon, and biopolymers, and can be modified by the addition of advanced materials and nanofillers. Herein, this review critically discusses the basic preparation of aerogel from the sol-gel reaction with derivation and modification of a standard method to produce various aerogels for diverse functionalities. In addition, the biocompatibility of various types of aerogels were elaborated. Then, biomedical applications of aerogel were focused on this review as a drug delivery carrier, wound healing agent, antioxidant, anti-toxicity, bone regenerative, cartilage tissue activities and in dental fields. The clinical status of aerogel in the biomedical sector is shown to be similarly far from adequate. Moreover, due to their remarkable properties, aerogels are found to be preferably used as tissue scaffolds and drug delivery systems. The advanced studies in areas including self-healing, additive manufacturing (AM) technology, toxicity, and fluorescent-based aerogel are crucially important and are further addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noremylia Mohd Bakhori
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Persiaran Ilmu, Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Zarini Ismail
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Persiaran Ilmu, Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Zaki Hassan
- Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rozzeta Dolah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Selangor, Malaysia
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25
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Ranjha MMAN, Shafique B, Aadil RM, Manzoor MF, Cheng JH. Modification in cellulose films through ascent cold plasma treatment and polymerization for food products packaging. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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26
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Enhancement of Inhibition of the Pseudomonas sp. Biofilm Formation on Bacterial Cellulose-Based Wound Dressing by the Combined Action of Alginate Lyase and Gentamicin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054740. [PMID: 36902169 PMCID: PMC10002595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms generally contribute to chronic infections, including wound infections. Due to the antibiotic resistance mechanisms protecting bacteria living in the biofilm, they are a serious problem in the wound healing process. To accelerate the wound healing process and avoid bacterial infection, it is necessary to select the appropriate dressing material. In this study, the promising therapeutic properties of alginate lyase (AlgL) immobilised on BC membranes for protecting wounds from Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection were investigated. The AlgL was immobilised on never dried BC pellicles via physical adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of AlgL was 6.0 mg/g of dry BC, and the equilibrium was reached after 2 h. The adsorption kinetics was studied, and it has been proven that the adsorption was consistent with Langmuir isotherm. In addition, the impact of enzyme immobilisation on bacterial biofilm stability and the effect of simultaneous immobilisation of AlgL and gentamicin on the viability of bacterial cells was investigated. The obtained results showed that the AlgL immobilisation significantly reduced the amount of polysaccharides component of the P. aeruginosa biofilm. Moreover, the biofilm disruption by AlgL immobilised on BC membranes exhibited synergism with the gentamicin, resulting in 86.5% more dead P. aeruginosa PAO-1 cells.
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27
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Prilepskii A, Nikolaev V, Klaving A. Conductive bacterial cellulose: From drug delivery to flexible electronics. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 313:120850. [PMID: 37182950 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a chemically pure, non-toxic, and non-pyrogenic natural polymer with high mechanical strength and a complex fibrillar porous structure. Due to these unique biological and physical properties, BC has been amply used in the food industry and, to a somewhat lesser extent, in medicine and cosmetology. To expand its application the BC structure can be modified. This review presented some recent developments in electrically conductive BC-based composites. The as-synthesized BC is an excellent dielectric. Conductive polymers, graphene oxide, nanoparticles and other materials are used to provide it with conductive properties. Conductive bacterial cellulose (CBC) is currently investigated in numerous areas including electrically conductive scaffolds for tissue regeneration, implantable and wearable biointerfaces, flexible batteries, sensors, EMI shielding composites. However, there are several issues to be addressed before CBC composites can enter the market, namely, composite mechanical strength reduction, porosity decrease, change in chemical characteristics. Some of them can be addressed both at the stage of synthesis, biologically, or by adding (nano)materials with the required properties to the BC structure. We propose several solutions to meet the challenges and suggest some promising BC applications.
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28
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Kolesovs S, Ruklisha M, Semjonovs P. Synthesis of bacterial cellulose by Komagataeibacter rhaeticus MSCL 1463 on whey. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:105. [PMID: 36875957 PMCID: PMC9975128 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03528-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Production costs of bacterial cellulose (BC) can be reduced using alternative fermentation media, e. g., various agricultural by-products including whey. This study focuses on whey as an alternative growth medium for BC production by Komagataeibacter rhaeticus MSCL 1463. It was shown that the highest BC production on whey was 1.95 ± 0.15 g/L, which is approximately 40-50% lower that BC production on standard HS media with glucose. It was also confirmed that K. rhaeticus MSCL 1463 can utilise both lactose and galactose as the sole C source in the modified HS medium. Different whey pre-treatment methods showed that the highest BC synthesis with K. rhaeticus MSCL 1463 was achieved in undiluted whey after standard pre-treatment procedure. Moreover, BC yield from substrate on whey was significantly higher (34.33 ± 1.21%) compared to the HS medium (16.56 ± 0.64%), which shows that whey can be used as a potential fermentation medium for BC production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergejs Kolesovs
- Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Ojara Vaciesa Street 4, Riga, 1004 Latvia
| | - Maija Ruklisha
- Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Ojara Vaciesa Street 4, Riga, 1004 Latvia
| | - Pavels Semjonovs
- Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Ojara Vaciesa Street 4, Riga, 1004 Latvia
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29
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Rocha ARFDS, Venturim BC, Ellwanger ERA, Pagnan CS, Silveira WBD, Martin JGP. Bacterial cellulose: Strategies for its production in the context of bioeconomy. J Basic Microbiol 2023; 63:257-275. [PMID: 36336640 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose has advantages over plant-derived cellulose, which make its use for industrial applications easier and more profitable. Its intrinsic properties have been stimulating the global biopolymer market, with strong growth expectations in the coming years. Several bacterial species are capable of producing bacterial cellulose under different culture conditions; in this context, strategies aimed at metabolic engineering and several possibilities of carbon sources have provided opportunities for the bacterial cellulose's biotechnological exploration. In this article, an overview of biosynthesis pathways in different carbon sources for the main producing microorganisms, metabolic flux under different growth conditions, and their influence on the structural and functional characteristics of bacterial cellulose is provided. In addition, the main industrial applications and ways to reduce costs and optimize its production using alternative sources are discussed, contributing to new insights on the exploitation of this biomaterial in the context of the bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- André R F da Silva Rocha
- Microbiology of Fermented Products Laboratory (FERMICRO), Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Côgo Venturim
- Microbiology of Fermented Products Laboratory (FERMICRO), Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Elena R A Ellwanger
- Graduate Program in Design (PPGD), Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Caroline S Pagnan
- Graduate Program in Design (PPGD), Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Wendel B da Silveira
- Physiology of Microorganisms Laboratory (LabFis), Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - José Guilherme P Martin
- Microbiology of Fermented Products Laboratory (FERMICRO), Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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30
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El-Gendi H, Salama A, El-Fakharany EM, Saleh AK. Optimization of bacterial cellulose production from prickly pear peels and its ex situ impregnation with fruit byproducts for antimicrobial and strawberry packaging applications. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 302:120383. [PMID: 36604061 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is currently among the most promising natural polymers. However, the production costs and biological inactivity are still challenges. The current study exploited the enzymatically hydrolyzed prickly pear peels (PPP) for BC production, which supported about 2.94 g/L as the sole production medium. The BC production was further optimized through a central composite design, where the maximum BC production was 6.01 g/L at 68 % PPPE at pH 4 after 11 days of incubation at 20 °C. The produced BC was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, and SEM analysis, and the results showed that PPPE is a promising carbon source for pure BC production. The BC membrane was separately loaded with several fruit byproduct extracts to enhance its biological activity for multiple applications. BC loaded with pomegranate peel extract (BC/PPE) revealed significant broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, followed by BC loaded with pomegranate molasses (BC/PM). The BC/PPE membrane enhanced the shelf-life storage of strawberry fruits by about 5 days, with a reduction in the fruits' weight loss of 15 % compared to the uncovered group. The current study revealed the successful application of PPE for sustainable BC production with its packaging potential for enhancing strawberry shelf-life when loaded with PPE or PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada El-Gendi
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Salama
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St., Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Ahmed K Saleh
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St., Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt.
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31
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Fatima A, Ortiz-Albo P, Neves LA, Nascimento FX, Crespo JG. Biosynthesis and characterization of bacterial cellulose membranes presenting relevant characteristics for air/gas filtration. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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32
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Mendonça I, Sousa J, Cunha C, Faria M, Ferreira A, Cordeiro N. Solving urban water microplastics with bacterial cellulose hydrogels: Leveraging predictive computational models. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 314:137719. [PMID: 36592831 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of microplastics (MPs) in both urban and aquatic ecosystems is concerning, with wastewater treatment plants being considered one of the major sources of the issue. As the focus on developing sustainable solutions increases, unused remnants from bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes were ground to form BC hydrogels as potential bioflocculants of MPs. The influence of operational parameters such as BC:MPs ratio, hydrogel grinding, immersion and mixing time, temperature, pH, ionic strength, and metal cations on MPs flocculation and dispersion were evaluated. A response surface methodology based on experimental data sets was computed to understand how these parameters influence the flocculation process. Further, both the BC hydrogel and the hetero-aggregation of MPs were characterised by UV-Vis, ATR-FTIR, IGC, water uptake assays, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy. These highlights that the BC hydrogel would be fully effective at hetero-aggregating MPs in naturally-occurring concentrations, thereby not constituting a limiting performance factor for MPs' optimal flocculation and aggregation. Even considering exceptionally high concentrations of MPs (2 g/L) that far exceed naturally-occurring concentrations, the BC hydrogel was shown to have elevated MPs flocculation activity (reaching 88.6%: 1.77 g/L). The computation of bioflocculation activity showed high reliability in predicting flocculation performance, unveiling that the BC:MPs ratio and grinding times were the most critical variables modulating flocculation rates. Also, short exposure times (5 min) were sufficient to drive robust particle aggregation. The microporous nature of the hydrogel revealed by electron microscopy is the likely driver of strong MPs bioflocculant activity, far outperforming dispersive commercial bioflocculants like xanthan gum and alginate. This pilot study provides convincing evidence that even BC remainings can be used to produce highly potent and circular bioflocculators of MPs, with prospective application in the wastewater treatment industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Mendonça
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Jessica Sousa
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - César Cunha
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Marisa Faria
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Artur Ferreira
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials and Águeda School of Technology and Management, University of Aveiro, 3754-909, Águeda, Portugal
| | - Nereida Cordeiro
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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33
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Öz YE, Kalender M. A novel static cultivation of bacterial cellulose production from sugar beet molasses: Series static culture (SSC) system. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:1306-1314. [PMID: 36435464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In bacterial cellulose (BC) production, we developed a new static cultivation system named series static culture (SSC) to eliminate air limitation problem encountered in conventional static culture (CSC). In SSC system, the fermentation broth at the bottom of BC pellicle produced in initial culture medium is transferred to the next empty sterile culture medium at the end of a certain fermentation period. This procedure was performed until BC production ceased. Fermentation experiments were carried out using Gluconacetobacter xylinus NRRL B-759 and sugar beet molasses at 30 °C and initial pH 5. Also, some quality parameters of produced BC pellicles were determined. Final pH at the stages of SSC system was higher that of the initial pH due to sugar content (sucrose) of molasses and microorganism used. Total BC production increased with increasing sugar concentration in SSC. As a result, an increase of 22.02 % in BC production was achieved using developed SSC. FT-IR spectra of all BC pellicles produced were typical spectra. The absorption bands at the relevant wavenumbers identify the mode of vibrations of the created chemical bonds arising at the BC surface such as OH, CH, H-O-H, C-O-C, and C-OH. XRD analyses showed that the crystallinity index values of BC obtained from CCS and SSC were high. The form of produced all BC pellicles is generally Cellulose I. Removal of surface moisture and depolymerisation of carbon skeleton were determined from TGA-DTA thermograms. SEM images showed that the BC samples produced had nano-sized cellulose fibrils which were aggregated in fermentation media containing molasses. Finally, the BC samples, especially in molasses media, having high mechanical strength and WHC were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Emre Öz
- Department of Bioengineering, Fırat University, 23100 Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kalender
- Department of Bioengineering, Fırat University, 23100 Elazığ, Turkey.
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34
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Raut MP, Asare E, Syed Mohamed SMD, Amadi EN, Roy I. Bacterial Cellulose-Based Blends and Composites: Versatile Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:986. [PMID: 36674505 PMCID: PMC9865793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose of bacterial origin, known as bacterial cellulose (BC), is one of the most versatile biomaterials that has a huge potential in tissue engineering due to its favourable mechanical properties, high hydrophilicity, crystallinity, and purity. Additional properties such as porous nano-fibrillar 3D structure and a high degree of polymerisation of BC mimic the properties of the native extracellular matrix (ECM), making it an excellent material for the fabrication of composite scaffolds suitable for cell growth and tissue development. Recently, the fabrication of BC-based scaffolds, including composites and blends with nanomaterials, and other biocompatible polymers has received particular attention owing to their desirable properties for tissue engineering. These have proven to be promising advanced materials in hard and soft tissue engineering. This review presents the latest state-of-the-art modified/functionalised BC-based composites and blends as advanced materials in tissue engineering. Their applicability as an ideal biomaterial in targeted tissue repair including bone, cartilage, vascular, skin, nerve, and cardiac tissue has been discussed. Additionally, this review briefly summarises the latest updates on the production strategies and characterisation of BC and its composites and blends. Finally, the challenges in the future development and the direction of future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK
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35
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Płoska J, Garbowska M, Pluta A, Stasiak-Różańska L. Bacterial cellulose - innovative biopolymer and possibilities of its applications in dairy industry. Int Dairy J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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36
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Amason AC, Meduri A, Rao S, Leonick N, Subramaniam B, Samuel J, Gross RA. Bacterial Cellulose Cultivations Containing Gelatin Form Tunable, Highly Ordered, Laminae Structures with Fourfold Enhanced Productivity. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:47709-47719. [PMID: 36591152 PMCID: PMC9798505 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of bacterial cellulose (BC) morphology is important to tune BC properties to meet specific application requirements. In this study, gelatin was added to cultivation media at 0.1-7.5 wt %. After cultivations, gelatin was removed from the BC matrix, and its effects on BC matrix characteristics and fermentation production efficiency were determined. Higher contents of gelatin in cultivation media (up to 5%) resulted in BC that, from scanning electron microscopy observations, had larger pore sizes and formation of a lamina morphology that was highly unidirectional. Crystallinity remained unchanged between 0.1 and 5 wt % gelatin concentrations (92-95%); however, it decreased to 86% at a gelatin concentration of 7.5 wt %. Mechanical properties showed a positive trend as both the specific modulus and specific strength values increased as the gelatin concentration increased to 5 wt %. A breakdown in the ordered structure of the BC matrix occurs at 7.5 wt % gelatin, with corresponding decreases in the specific modulus and specific strength of the BC. The productivity increased by almost 4-fold relative to the control, reaching 1.64 g·L-1h-1 at the 2.5 wt % gelatin content. Also, the water holding capacity increased by 3-fold relative to the control, reaching 306.6 g of water per g BC at the 5.0 wt % gelatin content. The changes observed in these BC metrics can be explained based on literature findings associated with the formation of gelatin aggregates in the cultivation media and an increase in gel stiffness seen at higher media gelatin concentrations. Overall, this work provides a roadmap for manipulating BC properties while creating highly organized lamina morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Christina Amason
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological
Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- New
York State Center for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New
York 12180, United
States
| | - Aditya Meduri
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological
Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Jonsson
Engineering Center, Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Nuclear
Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Shivani Rao
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological
Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- New
York State Center for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New
York 12180, United
States
| | - Nicole Leonick
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological
Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- New
York State Center for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New
York 12180, United
States
| | - Bhagyashree Subramaniam
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological
Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- New
York State Center for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New
York 12180, United
States
| | - Johnson Samuel
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological
Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Jonsson
Engineering Center, Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Nuclear
Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Richard A. Gross
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological
Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- New
York State Center for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New
York 12180, United
States
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37
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Lee J, Lee KH, Kim S, Son H, Chun Y, Park C, Yoo HY. Microbial Production of Bacterial Cellulose Using Chestnut Shell Hydrolysates by Gluconacetobacter xylinus ATCC 53524. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:1479-1484. [PMID: 36310363 PMCID: PMC9720068 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2208.08022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is gaining attention as a carbon-neutral alternative to plant cellulose, and as a means to prevent deforestation and achieve a carbon-neutral society. However, the high cost of fermentation media for BC production is a barrier to its industrialization. In this study, chestnut shell (CS) hydrolysates were used as a carbon source for the BC-producing bacteria strain, Gluconacetobacter xylinus ATCC 53524. To evaluate the suitability of the CS hydrolysates, major inhibitors in the hydrolysates were analyzed, and BC production was profiled during fermentation. CS hydrolysates (40 g glucose/l) contained 1.9 g/l acetic acid when applied directly to the main medium. As a result, the BC concentration at 96 h using the control group and CS hydrolysates was 12.5 g/l and 16.7 g/l, respectively (1.3-fold improved). In addition, the surface morphology of BC derived from CS hydrolysates revealed more densely packed nanofibrils than the control group. In the microbial BC production using CS, the hydrolysate had no inhibitory effect during fermentation, suggesting it is a suitable feedstock for a sustainable and eco-friendly biorefinery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to valorize CS by utilizing it in BC production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongho Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Hyun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Son
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsang Chun
- Department of Bio-Convergence Engineering, Dongyang Mirae University, Seoul 08221, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhwan Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Hah Young Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
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38
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Economical Optimization of Industrial Medium Culture for Bacterial Cellulose Production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:2863-2881. [PMID: 36435897 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The competitiveness of bacterial cellulose (BC) production with plant cellulose can be achieved by production on cost-effective media. It was found that the bacterial cell number ratio of BC to culture medium increases over time so that from the fourth day, the entrapped cell number in the cellulose network exceeds the suspended cells. Optimization based on 23-full factorial showed that inoculum development at 50 rpm and the main culture process under static conditions significantly increases BC production. A cost-effective culture medium containing molasses (ML) and corn steep liquor (CSL) was developed based on the same C/N ratio to HS medium, with 7.24 g/l cellulose at C/N ratio 12.6 is competitive with maximum production 8.7 g/L in HS medium. The BC production cost was reduced about 94% using the proposed cheap and locally available medium containing ML and CSL, while BC mechanical properties increased by about 50%.
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39
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Mansoor Z, Tchuenbou-Magaia F, Kowalczuk M, Adamus G, Manning G, Parati M, Radecka I, Khan H. Polymers Use as Mulch Films in Agriculture-A Review of History, Problems and Current Trends. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235062. [PMID: 36501456 PMCID: PMC9740682 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of mulch films for preserving soil moisture and preventing weed growth has been a part of agricultural practice for decades. Different materials have been used as mulch films, but polyethylene plastic has been considered most effective due to its excellent mechanical strength, low cost and ability to act as a barrier for sunlight and water. However, its use carries a risk of plastic pollution and health hazards, hence new laws have been passed to replace it completely with other materials over the next few years. Research to find out about new biodegradable polymers for this purpose has gained impetus in the past few years, driven by regulations and the United Nations Organization's Sustainable Development Goals. The primary requisite for these polymers is biodegradability under natural climatic conditions without the production of any toxic residual compounds. Therefore, biodegradable polymers developed from fossil fuels, microorganisms, animals and plants are viable options for using as mulching material. However, the solution is not as simple since each polymer has different mechanical properties and a compromise has to be made in terms of strength, cost and biodegradability of the polymer for its use as mulch film. This review discusses the history of mulching materials, the gradual evolution in the choice of materials, the process of biodegradation of mulch films, the regulations passed regarding material to be used, types of polymers that can be explored as potential mulch films and the future prospects in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinnia Mansoor
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
- Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Fideline Tchuenbou-Magaia
- Division of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
| | - Marek Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Grazyna Adamus
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Georgina Manning
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
| | - Mattia Parati
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
| | - Iza Radecka
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
- Correspondence: (I.R.); (H.K.)
| | - Habib Khan
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
- Correspondence: (I.R.); (H.K.)
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40
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Siew ZZ, Chan EWC, Wong CW. Anti‐browning active packaging: A review on delivery mechanism, mode of action, and compatibility with biodegradable polymers. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.17216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhou Siew
- Department of Food Science with Nutrition Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University Cheras Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Eric Wei Chiang Chan
- Department of Food Science with Nutrition Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University Cheras Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Chen Wai Wong
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University Cheras Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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41
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Li J, Zhang F, Zhong Y, Zhao Y, Gao P, Tian F, Zhang X, Zhou R, Cullen PJ. Emerging Food Packaging Applications of Cellulose Nanocomposites: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194025. [PMID: 36235973 PMCID: PMC9572456 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, which is synthesized by plants, bacteria, and animals, with source-dependent properties. Cellulose containing β-1,4-linked D-glucoses further assembles into hierarchical structures in microfibrils, which can be processed to nanocellulose with length or width in the nanoscale after a variety of pretreatments including enzymatic hydrolysis, TEMPO-oxidation, and carboxymethylation. Nanocellulose can be mainly categorized into cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) produced by acid hydrolysis, cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) prepared by refining, homogenization, microfluidization, sonification, ball milling, and the aqueous counter collision (ACC) method, and bacterial cellulose (BC) biosynthesized by the Acetobacter species. Due to nontoxicity, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, high aspect ratio, low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent mechanical strength, and unique optical properties, nanocellulose is utilized to develop various cellulose nanocomposites through solution casting, Layer-by-Layer (LBL) assembly, extrusion, coating, gel-forming, spray drying, electrostatic spinning, adsorption, nanoemulsion, and other techniques, and has been widely used as food packaging material with excellent barrier and mechanical properties, antibacterial activity, and stimuli-responsive performance to improve the food quality and shelf life. Under the driving force of the increasing green food packaging market, nanocellulose production has gradually developed from lab-scale to pilot- or even industrial-scale, mainly in Europe, Africa, and Asia, though developing cost-effective preparation techniques and precisely tuning the physicochemical properties are key to the commercialization. We expect this review to summarise the recent literature in the nanocellulose-based food packaging field and provide the readers with the state-of-the-art of this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Li
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Feifan Zhang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Yaqi Zhong
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Yadong Zhao
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Pingping Gao
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Fang Tian
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Xianhui Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Rusen Zhou
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Patrick J. Cullen
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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42
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Norfarhana A, Ilyas R, Ngadi N. A review of nanocellulose adsorptive membrane as multifunctional wastewater treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 291:119563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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43
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Cai Y, Chang SY, Gan SW, Ma S, Lu WF, Yen CC. Nanocomposite bioinks for 3D bioprinting. Acta Biomater 2022; 151:45-69. [PMID: 35970479 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an advanced technology to fabricate artificial 3D tissue constructs containing cells and hydrogels for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Nanocomposite reinforcement endows hydrogels with superior properties and tailored functionalities. A broad range of nanomaterials, including silicon-based, ceramic-based, cellulose-based, metal-based, and carbon-based nanomaterials, have been incorporated into hydrogel networks with encapsulated cells for improved performances. This review emphasizes the recent developments of cell-laden nanocomposite bioinks for 3D bioprinting, focusing on their reinforcement effects and mechanisms, including viscosity, shear-thinning property, printability, mechanical properties, structural integrity, and biocompatibility. The cell-material interactions are discussed to elaborate on the underlying mechanisms between the cells and the nanomaterials. The biomedical applications of cell-laden nanocomposite bioinks are summarized with a focus on bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Finally, the limitations and challenges of current cell-laden nanocomposite bioinks are identified. The prospects are concluded in designing multi-component bioinks with multi-functionality for various biomedical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: 3D bioprinting, an emerging technology of additive manufacturing, has been one of the most innovative tools for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Recent developments of cell-laden nanocomposite bioinks for 3D bioprinting, and cell-materials interactions are the subject of this review paper. The reinforcement effects and mechanisms of nanocomposites on viscosity, printability and biocompatibility of bioinks and 3D printed scaffolds are addressed mainly for bone and cartilage tissue engineering. It provides detailed information for further designing and optimizing multi-component bioinks with multi-functionality for specialized biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Cai
- NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Soon Yee Chang
- NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Soo Wah Gan
- NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Sha Ma
- NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Wen Feng Lu
- NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Ching-Chiuan Yen
- NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Division of Industrial Design, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117356, Singapore.
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44
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Property evaluation of bacterial cellulose nanostructures produced from confectionery wastes. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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45
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Characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Acetobacter pasteurianus MGC-N8819 utilizing lotus rhizome. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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46
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Rai R, Dhar P. Biomedical engineering aspects of nanocellulose: a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:362001. [PMID: 35576914 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac6fef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is one of the most abundant renewable biopolymer in nature and is present as major constituent in both plant cell walls as well as synthesized by some microorganisms as extracellular products. In both the systems, cellulose self-assembles into a hierarchical ordered architecture to form micro to nano-fibrillated structures, on basis of which it is classified into various forms. Nanocellulose (NCs) exist as rod-shaped highly crystalline cellulose nanocrystals to high aspect ratio cellulose nanofibers, micro-fibrillated cellulose and bacterial cellulose (BC), depending upon the origin, structural and morphological properties. Moreover, NCs have been processed into diversified products ranging from composite films, coatings, hydrogels, aerogels, xerogels, organogels, rheological modifiers, optically active birefringent colored films using traditional-to-advanced manufacturing techniques. With such versatility in structure-property, NCs have profound application in areas of healthcare, packaging, cosmetics, energy, food, electronics, bioremediation, and biomedicine with promising commercial potential. Herein this review, we highlight the recent advancements in synthesis, fabrication, processing of NCs, with strategic chemical modification routes to tailor its properties for targeted biomedical applications. We also study the basic mechanism and models for biosynthesis of cellulose in both plant and microbial systems and understand the structural insights of NC polymorphism. The kinetics study for both enzymatic/chemical modifications of NCs and microbial growth behavior of BC under various reactor configurations are studied. The challenges associated with the commercial aspects as well as industrial scale production of pristine and functionalized NCs to meet the growing demands of market are discussed and prospective strategies to mitigate them are described. Finally, post chemical modification evaluation of biological and inherent properties of NC are important to determine their efficacy for development of various products and technologies directed for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Rai
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India
| | - Prodyut Dhar
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India
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47
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Szymańska M, Hoppe J, Dutkiewicz M, Sobolewski P, Palacz M, Janus E, Zielińska B, Drozd R. Silicone polyether surfactant enhances bacterial cellulose synthesis and water holding capacity. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:642-653. [PMID: 35337915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The versatility and unique properties of bacterial cellulose (BC) motivate research into enhancing its synthesis. Here a silicone polyether surfactant (SPS) was synthesized and tested as a non-nutritional additive to the cultivation media of Komagataeibacter xylinus. The addition of SPS to the Hestrin-Schramm (HS) medium resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in surface tension from 59.57 ± 0.37 mN/m to 30.05 ± 0.41 mN/m (for 0.1% addition) that was correlated with an increased yield of BC, up to 37% wet mass for surfactant concentration close to its critical micelle concentration (0.008%). Physicochemical characterization of bacterial cellulose obtained in presence of SPS, showed that surfactant is not incorporated into BC structure and has a moderate effect on its crystallinity, thermal stability. Moreover, the water holding capacity was enhanced by over 40%. Importantly, obtained BC did not affect L929 murine fibroblast cell viability. We conclude that SPS provides an eco-friendly approach to increasing BC yield in static culture, enabling more widespread industrial and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Szymańska
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, 45 Piastów Avenue, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jakub Hoppe
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 89b Umultowska Str., 61-614 Poznań Poland
| | - Michał Dutkiewicz
- Poznań Science and Technology Park, Adam Mickiewicz University Foundation, 46 Rubież Str., 61-612 Poznań, Poland
| | - Peter Sobolewski
- Department of Polymer and Biomaterials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, 45 Piastów Avenue, 71-311 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Palacz
- Poznań Science and Technology Park, Adam Mickiewicz University Foundation, 46 Rubież Str., 61-612 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Janus
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 10 Pulawskiego Str., 70-322 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Beata Zielińska
- Department of Nanomaterials Physicochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 42 Piastów Avenue, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Radosław Drozd
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, 45 Piastów Avenue, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland.
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48
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Betlej I, Antczak A, Szadkowski J, Drożdżek M, Krajewski K, Radomski A, Zawadzki J, Borysiak S. Evaluation of the Hydrolysis Efficiency of Bacterial Cellulose Gel Film after the Liquid Hot Water and Steam Explosion Pretreatments. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102032. [PMID: 35631914 PMCID: PMC9146238 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of bacterial cellulose gel film pretreatment methods on the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis was investigated. An increase in the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis due to liquid hot water pretreatment or steam explosion was shown. The glucose yield of 88% was obtained from raw, non-purified, bacterial cellulose treated at 130 °C. The results confirm the potential of bacterial cellulose gel film as a source for liquid biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Betlej
- Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Antczak
- Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Szadkowski
- Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Drożdżek
- Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Krajewski
- Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Radomski
- Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Zawadzki
- Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Borysiak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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49
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A turning point in the bacterial nanocellulose production employing low doses of gamma radiation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7012. [PMID: 35488046 PMCID: PMC9054840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the recent years, huge efforts have been conducted to conceive a cost-effective production process of the bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), thanks to its marvelous properties and broadening applications. Herein, we unveiled the impact of gamma irradiation on the BNC yield by a novel bacterial strain Komagataeibacter hansenii KO28 which was exposed to different irradiation doses via a designed scheme, where the productivity and the structural properties of the BNC were inspected. After incubation for 240 h, the highest BNC yield was perceived from the culture treated twice with 0.5 kGy, recording about 475% higher than the control culture. Furthermore, almost 92% of its BNC yield emerged in the first six days. The physicochemical characteristics of the BNCs were investigated adopting scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Additionally, the water holding capacity, water release rate, surface area (BET), and mechanical properties were configured for the BNC generated from the control and the irradiated cultures. As a whole, there were no significant variations in the properties of the BNC produced by the irradiated cultures versus the control, proposing the strain irradiation as a valuable, facile, and cheap route to augment the BNC yield.
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50
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Qi Z, Pei P, Zhang Y, Chen H, Yang S, Liu T, Zhang Y, Yang K. 131I-αPD-L1 immobilized by bacterial cellulose for enhanced radio-immunotherapy of cancer. J Control Release 2022; 346:240-249. [PMID: 35469982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Radioisotope therapy (RIT) of cancer is restrained by the nonspecific distribution of radioisotope and ineptitude for metastatic tumors. Meanwhile, the clinical application of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) confronts problems such as low responsive rate, multiple administration requirements and immune-related adverse events (irAE). To address these challenges, we prepared an injectable suspension by immobilizing 131I-labeled anti-programmed cell death-ligand 1 antibody (αPD-L1) in bacterial cellulose for precise and durable radio-immunotherapy of cancer. The crisscross network structure of bacterial cellulose nanofibers would contribute to the long-term retention of 131I-labeled αPD-L1 within tumors, which could reduce the side effect stemmed from the nonspecific 131I distribution in normal tissues. The potent long-term RIT of 131I, combined with ICB by αPD-L1, could effectively restrain the growth of primary tumor in mice. In addition to the direct killing effect, 131I-αPD-L1 immobilized by bacterial cellulose could enhance the immunogenic cell death (ICD) of cancer cells, activating the maturation of multiple immune cells to induce a systemic anti-tumor immune effect. Our therapeutic strategy could suppress spontaneous cancer metastasis and prolong the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. This study proposed a new approach for combined radio-immunotherapy and a novel solution for tumor metastasis in advanced-stage cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Pei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yanxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Sai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Teng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Yujuan Zhang
- Experimental Center of Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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