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Feng M, Elaïb Z, Borgel D, Denis CV, Adam F, Bryckaert M, Rosa JP, Bobe R. NAADP/SERCA3-Dependent Ca 2+ Stores Pathway Specifically Controls Early Autocrine ADP Secretion Potentiating Platelet Activation. Circ Res 2020; 127:e166-e183. [PMID: 32588751 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Ca2+ signaling is a key and ubiquitous actor of cell organization and its modulation controls many cellular responses. SERCAs (sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases) pump Ca2+ into internal stores that play a major role in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration rise upon cell activation. Platelets exhibit 2 types of SERCAs, SERCA2b and SERCA3 (SERCA3 deficient mice), which may exert specific roles, yet ill-defined. We have recently shown that Ca2+ mobilization from SERCA3-dependent stores was required for full platelet activation in weak stimulation conditions. OBJECTIVE To uncover the signaling mechanisms associated with Ca2+ mobilization from SERCA3-dependent stores leading to ADP secretion. METHODS AND RESULTS Using platelets from wild-type or Serca3-deficient mice, we demonstrated that an early (within 5-10 s following stimulation) secretion of ADP specifically dependent on SERCA3 stored Ca2+ is exclusively mobilized by nicotinic acid adenosine dinucleotide-phosphate (NAADP): both Ca2+ mobilization from SERCA3-dependent stores and primary ADP secretion are blocked by the NAADP receptor antagonist Ned-19, and reciprocally both are stimulated by permeant NAADP. In contrast, Ca2+ mobilization from SERCA3-dependent stores and primary ADP secretion were unaffected by inhibition of the production of IP3 (inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate) by phospholipase-C and accordingly were not stimulated by permeant IP3. CONCLUSIONS Upon activation, an NAADP/SERCA3 Ca2+ mobilization pathway initiates an early ADP secretion, potentiating platelet activation, and a secondary wave of ADP secretion driven by both an IP3/SERCA2b-dependent Ca2+ stores pathway and the NAADP/SERCA3 pathway. This does not exclude that Ca2+ mobilized from SERCA3 stores may also enhance platelet global reactivity to agonists. Because of its modulating effect on platelet activation, this NAADP-SERCA3 pathway may be a relevant target for anti-thrombotic therapy. Graphic Abstract: A graphic abstract is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Feng
- From the HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Ziane Elaïb
- From the HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Delphine Borgel
- From the HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Cécile V Denis
- From the HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Frédéric Adam
- From the HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marijke Bryckaert
- From the HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Rosa
- From the HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Régis Bobe
- From the HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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McDermott MI, Wang Y, Wakelam MJO, Bankaitis VA. Mammalian phospholipase D: Function, and therapeutics. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 78:101018. [PMID: 31830503 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.101018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Despite being discovered over 60 years ago, the precise role of phospholipase D (PLD) is still being elucidated. PLD enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond of glycerophospholipids producing phosphatidic acid and the free headgroup. PLD family members are found in organisms ranging from viruses, and bacteria to plants, and mammals. They display a range of substrate specificities, are regulated by a diverse range of molecules, and have been implicated in a broad range of cellular processes including receptor signaling, cytoskeletal regulation and membrane trafficking. Recent technological advances including: the development of PLD knockout mice, isoform-specific antibodies, and specific inhibitors are finally permitting a thorough analysis of the in vivo role of mammalian PLDs. These studies are facilitating increased recognition of PLD's role in disease states including cancers and Alzheimer's disease, offering potential as a target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I McDermott
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, United States of America.
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128, United States of America
| | - M J O Wakelam
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - V A Bankaitis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, United States of America
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3
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Klier M, Gorressen S, Urbahn MA, Barbosa D, Ouwens M, Fischer JW, Elvers M. Enzymatic Activity Is Not Required for Phospholipase D Mediated TNF-α Regulation and Myocardial Healing. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1698. [PMID: 30555342 PMCID: PMC6281985 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase D1 is a regulator of tumor necrosis factor-α expression and release upon LPS-induced sepsis and following myocardial infarction (MI). Lack of PLD1 leads to a reduced TNF-α mediated inflammatory response and to enhanced infarct size with declined cardiac function 21 days after ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. Deficiency of both PLD isoforms PLD1 and PLD2 as well as pharmacological inhibition of the enzymatic activity of PLD with the PLD inhibitor FIPI protected mice from arterial thrombosis and ischemic brain infarction. Here we treated mice with the PLD inhibitor FIPI to analyze if pharmacological inhibition of PLD after myocardial ischemia protects mice from cardiac damage. Inhibition of PLD with FIPI leads to reduced migration of inflammatory cells into the infarct border zone 24 h after experimental MI in mice, providing first evidence for immune cell migration to be dependent on the enzymatic activity of PLD. In contrast to PLD1 deficient mice, TNF-α plasma level was not altered after FIPI treatment of mice. Consequently, infarct size and left ventricular (LV) function were comparable between FIPI-treated and control mice 21 days post MI. Moreover, cell survival 24 h post I/R was not altered upon FIPI treatment. Our results indicate that the enzymatic activity of PLD is not responsible for PLD mediated TNF-α signaling and myocardial healing after I/R injury in mice. Furthermore, reduced TNF-α plasma levels in PLD1 deficient mice might be responsible for increased infarct size and impaired cardiac function 21 days post MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Klier
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simone Gorressen
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc-Andre Urbahn
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - David Barbosa
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Margriet Ouwens
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Margitta Elvers
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Lu WJ, Chung CL, Chen RJ, Huang LT, Lien LM, Chang CC, Lin KH, Sheu JR. An Antithrombotic Strategy by Targeting Phospholipase D in Human Platelets. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7110440. [PMID: 30441821 PMCID: PMC6262437 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7110440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD) is involved in many biological processes. PLD1 plays a crucial role in regulating the platelet activity of mice; however, the role of PLD in the platelet activation of humans remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether PLD is involved in the platelet activation of humans. Our data revealed that inhibition of PLD1 or PLD2 using pharmacological inhibitors effectively inhibits platelet aggregation in humans. However, previous studies have showed that PLD1 or PLD2 deletion did not affect mouse platelet aggregation in vitro, whereas only PLD1 deletion inhibited thrombus formation in vivo. Intriguingly, our data also showed that the pharmacological inhibition of PLD1 or PLD2 does not affect mouse platelet aggregation in vitro, whereas the inhibition of only PLD1 delayed thrombus formation in vivo. These findings indicate that PLD may play differential roles in humans and mice. In humans, PLD inhibition attenuates platelet activation, adhesion, spreading, and clot retraction. For the first time, we demonstrated that PLD1 and PLD2 are essential for platelet activation in humans, and PLD plays different roles in platelet function in humans and mice. Our findings also indicate that targeting PLD may provide a safe and alternative therapeutic approach for preventing thromboembolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Jung Lu
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Chi Li Chung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Ray Jade Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Li Ting Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Li Ming Lien
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
| | - Chao Chien Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan Hung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.
| | - Joen Rong Sheu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Trujillo Viera J, El-Merahbi R, Nieswandt B, Stegner D, Sumara G. Phospholipases D1 and D2 Suppress Appetite and Protect against Overweight. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157607. [PMID: 27299737 PMCID: PMC4907468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor predisposing to the development of peripheral insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Elevated food intake and/or decreased energy expenditure promotes body weight gain and acquisition of adipose tissue. Number of studies implicated phospholipase D (PLD) enzymes and their product, phosphatidic acid (PA), in regulation of signaling cascades controlling energy intake, energy dissipation and metabolic homeostasis. However, the impact of PLD enzymes on regulation of metabolism has not been directly determined so far. In this study we utilized mice deficient for two major PLD isoforms, PLD1 and PLD2, to assess the impact of these enzymes on regulation of metabolic homeostasis. We showed that mice lacking PLD1 or PLD2 consume more food than corresponding control animals. Moreover, mice deficient for PLD2, but not PLD1, present reduced energy expenditure. In addition, deletion of either of the PLD enzymes resulted in development of elevated body weight and increased adipose tissue content in aged animals. Consistent with the fact that elevated content of adipose tissue predisposes to the development of hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance, characteristic for the pre-diabetic state, we observed that Pld1-/- and Pld2-/- mice present elevated free fatty acids (FFA) levels and are insulin as well as glucose intolerant. In conclusion, our data suggest that deficiency of PLD1 or PLD2 activity promotes development of overweight and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Trujillo Viera
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, Haus D15, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rabih El-Merahbi
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, Haus D15, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, Haus D15, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, Haus D15, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Stegner
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, Haus D15, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, Haus D15, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Grzegorz Sumara
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, Haus D15, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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6
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Södergren AL, Svensson Holm ACB, Ramström S, Lindström EG, Grenegård M, Öllinger K. Thrombin-induced lysosomal exocytosis in human platelets is dependent on secondary activation by ADP and regulated by endothelial-derived substances. Platelets 2015; 27:86-92. [PMID: 25970449 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1042446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Exocytosis of lysosomal contents from platelets has been speculated to participate in clearance of thrombi and vessel wall remodelling. The mechanisms that regulate lysosomal exocytosis in platelets are, however, still unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the pathways underlying platelet lysosomal secretion and elucidate how this process is controlled by platelet inhibitors. We found that high concentrations of thrombin induced partial lysosomal exocytosis as assessed by analysis of the activity of released N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG) and by identifying the fraction of platelets exposing the lysosomal-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-1 on the cell surface by flow cytometry. Stimulation of thrombin receptors PAR1 or PAR4 with specific peptides was equally effective in inducing LAMP-1 surface expression. Notably, lysosomal exocytosis in response to thrombin was significantly reduced if the secondary activation by ADP was inhibited by the P2Y12 antagonist cangrelor, while inhibition of thromboxane A2 formation by treatment with acetylsalicylic acid was of minor importance in this regard. Moreover, the NO-releasing drug S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP) or the cyclic AMP-elevating eicosanoid prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) significantly suppressed lysosomal exocytosis. We conclude that platelet inhibitors that mimic functional endothelium such as PGI2 or NO efficiently counteract lysosomal exocytosis. Furthermore, we suggest that secondary release of ADP and concomitant signaling via PAR1/4- and P2Y12 receptors is important for efficient platelet lysosomal exocytosis by thrombin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Södergren
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte B Svensson Holm
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden
| | - Sofia Ramström
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden
| | - Eva G Lindström
- b Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden , and
| | - Magnus Grenegård
- b Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden , and
- c Department of Clinical Medicine , School of Health Sciences, Örebro University , Örebro , Sweden
| | - Karin Öllinger
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden
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7
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Zhu X, Liu R, Kuang D, Liu J, Shi X, Zhang T, Zeng Y, Sun X, Zhang Y, Yang W. The role of phospholipase D1 in liver fibrosis induced by dimethylnitrosamine in vivo. Dig Dis Sci 2014; 59:1779-88. [PMID: 24728967 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-014-3130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phospholipase D (PLD) has been proved to be involved in regulating function of fibroblasts and might play a role in mediating organic fibrosis. AIMS To investigate the role and mechanism of PLD on dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced rat liver fibrosis. METHODS Fifty-five male Wistar rats were divided into normal control group, DMN model group, N-methylethanolamine (MEA) control group, and MEA-intervention group. We observed the effects of MEA, a PLD inhibitor on the development and progression of rat liver fibrosis by comparing the physical and biochemical indexes, tissue pathology, PLD activity, and typical markers and cytokines related to fibrosis in the four groups. RESULTS Accompanied by the down-regulation of PLD1 expression, the MEA-intervention group had improved outcomes compared with the DMN model group in terms of spleen weight, spleen/weight index, serum and tissue biochemical indexes, tissue hydroxyproline, and tissue pathology. The MEA-intervention group had lower TIMP1, COL1A1, and higher MMPs expression level than the DMN model group. The activity of PLD and PLD1, α-SMA expression level in the MEA-intervention group was much lower than those in the DMN model group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the expression level of TGF-β1 and MCP1. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences between normal control group and MEA control group in the parameters stated above. CONCLUSION Phospholipase D1 may play an important role in the development and progression of rat liver fibrosis. Inhibition of PLD may become a new strategy to prevent or alleviate liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive diseases Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
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8
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Zhang Y, Frohman MA. Cellular and physiological roles for phospholipase D1 in cancer. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:22567-22574. [PMID: 24990946 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r114.576876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase D enzymes have long been proposed to play multiple cell biological roles in cancer. With the generation of phospholipase D1 (PLD1)-deficient mice and the development of small molecule PLD-specific inhibitors, in vivo roles for PLD1 in cancer are now being defined, both in the tumor cells and in the tumor environment. We review here tools now used to explore in vivo roles for PLD1 in cancer and summarize recent findings regarding functions in angiogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Center for Developmental Genetics and the Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Michael A Frohman
- Center for Developmental Genetics and the Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794.
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Jackson ECG, Ortar G, McNicol A. The Effects of an Inhibitor of Diglyceride Lipase on Collagen-Induced Platelet Activation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 347:582-8. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.205591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Stegner D, Thielmann I, Kraft P, Frohman MA, Stoll G, Nieswandt B. Pharmacological Inhibition of Phospholipase D Protects Mice From Occlusive Thrombus Formation and Ischemic Stroke—Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:2212-7. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.302030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective—
We recently showed that mice lacking the lipid signaling enzyme phospholipase (PL) D1 or both PLD isoforms (PLD1 and PLD2) were protected from pathological thrombus formation and ischemic stroke, whereas hemostasis was not impaired in these animals. We sought to assess whether pharmacological inhibition of PLD activity affects hemostasis, thrombosis, and thrombo-inflammatory brain infarction in mice.
Approach and Results—
Treatment of platelets with the reversible, small molecule PLD inhibitor, 5-fluoro-2-indolyl des-chlorohalopemide (FIPI), led to a specific blockade of PLD activity that was associated with reduced α-granule release and integrin activation. Mice that received FIPI at a dose of 3 mg/kg displayed reduced occlusive thrombus formation upon chemical injury of carotid arteries or mesenterial arterioles. Similarly, FIPI-treated mice had smaller infarct sizes and significantly better motor and neurological function 24 hours after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. This protective effect was not associated with major intracerebral hemorrhage or prolonged tail bleeding times.
Conclusions—
These results provide the first evidence that pharmacological PLD inhibition might provide a safe therapeutic strategy to prevent arterial thrombosis and ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stegner
- From the Chair of Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center, DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., I.T., B.N.); Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., P.K., G.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (M.A.F.)
| | - Ina Thielmann
- From the Chair of Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center, DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., I.T., B.N.); Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., P.K., G.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (M.A.F.)
| | - Peter Kraft
- From the Chair of Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center, DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., I.T., B.N.); Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., P.K., G.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (M.A.F.)
| | - Michael A. Frohman
- From the Chair of Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center, DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., I.T., B.N.); Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., P.K., G.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (M.A.F.)
| | - Guido Stoll
- From the Chair of Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center, DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., I.T., B.N.); Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., P.K., G.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (M.A.F.)
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- From the Chair of Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center, DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., I.T., B.N.); Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.S., P.K., G.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (M.A.F.)
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11
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Thielmann I, Stegner D, Kraft P, Hagedorn I, Krohne G, Kleinschnitz C, Stoll G, Nieswandt B. Redundant functions of phospholipases D1 and D2 in platelet α-granule release. J Thromb Haemost 2012; 10:2361-72. [PMID: 22974101 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04924.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet activation and aggregation are crucial for primary hemostasis, but can also result in occlusive thrombus formation. Agonist-induced platelet activation involves different signaling pathways leading to the activation of phospholipases, which produce second messengers. The role of phospholipase C (PLC) in platelet activation is well established, but less is known about the relevance of phospholipase D (PLD). OBJECTIVE AND METHODS The aim of this study was to determine a potential function of PLD2 in platelet physiology. Thus, we investigated the function of PLD2 in platelet signaling and thrombus formation, by generating mice lacking PLD2 or both PLD1 and PLD2. Adhesion, activation and aggregation of PLD-deficient platelets were analyzed in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Whereas the absence of PLD2 resulted in reduced PLD activity in platelets, it had no detectable effect on the function of the cells in vitro and in vivo. However, the combined deficiency of both PLD isoforms resulted in defective α-granule release and protection in a model of FeCl3 -induced arteriolar thrombosis, effects that were not observed in mice lacking only one PLD isoform. CONCLUSION These results reveal redundant roles of PLD1 and PLD2 in platelet α-granule secretion, and indicate that this may be relevant for pathologic thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Thielmann
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Elvers M, Grenegård M, Khoshjabinzadeh H, Münzer P, Borst O, Tian H, Di Paolo G, Lang F, Gawaz M, Lindahl TL, Fälker K. A novel role for phospholipase D as an endogenous negative regulator of platelet sensitivity. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1743-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD), a superfamily of signalling enzymes that most commonly generate the lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid, is found in diverse organisms from bacteria to humans and functions in multiple cellular pathways. Since the early 1980s when mammalian PLD activities were first described, most of the important insights concerning PLD function have been gained from studies on cellular models. Reports on physiological and pathophysiological roles for members of the mammalian PLD superfamily are now starting to emerge from genetic models. In this review, we summarize recent findings on PLD functions in these model systems, highlighting newly appreciated connections of the superfamily to cancer, neuronal pathophysiology, cardiovascular topics, spermatogenesis and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Peng
- Department of Pharmacology & Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, NY, USA
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Differential dephosphorylation of the protein kinase C-zeta (PKCζ) in an integrin αIIbβ3-dependent manner in platelets. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:505-13. [PMID: 21645497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase C-zeta (PKCζ), an atypical isoform of the PKC family of protein serine/threonine kinases, is expressed in human platelets. However, the mechanisms of its activation and the regulation of its activity in platelets are not known. We have found that under basal resting conditions, PKCζ has a high phosphorylation status at the activation loop threonine 410 (T410) and the turn motif (autophosphorylation site) threonine 560 (T560), both of which have been shown to be important for its catalytic activity. After stimulation with agonist under stirring conditions, the T410 residue was dephosphorylated in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, while the T560 phosphorylation remained unaffected. The T410 dephosphorylation could be significantly prevented by blocking the binding of fibrinogen to integrin αIIbβ3 with an antagonist, SC-57101; or by okadaic acid used at concentrations that inhibits protein serine/threonine phosphatases PP1 and PP2A in vitro. The dephosphorylation of T410 residue on PKCζ was also observed in PP1cγ null murine platelets after agonist stimulation, suggesting that other isoforms of PP1c or another phosphatase could be responsible for this dephosphorylation event. We conclude that human platelets express PKCζ, and it may be constitutively phosphorylated at the activation loop threonine 410 and the turn motif threonine 560 under basal resting conditions, which are differentially dephosphorylated by outside-in signaling. This differential dephosphorylation of PKCζ might be an important regulatory mechanism for platelet functional responses.
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Platelet receptor signaling in thrombus formation. J Mol Med (Berl) 2010; 89:109-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-010-0691-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Elvers M, Stegner D, Hagedorn I, Kleinschnitz C, Braun A, Kuijpers MEJ, Boesl M, Chen Q, Heemskerk JWM, Stoll G, Frohman MA, Nieswandt B. Impaired alpha(IIb)beta(3) integrin activation and shear-dependent thrombus formation in mice lacking phospholipase D1. Sci Signal 2010; 3:ra1. [PMID: 20051593 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Platelet aggregation is essential for hemostasis but can also cause myocardial infarction and stroke. A key but poorly understood step in platelet activation is the shift of the principal adhesive receptor, alpha(IIb)beta(3) integrin, from a low- to high-affinity state for its ligands, a process that enables adhesion and aggregation. In response to stimulation of heterotrimeric guanosine triphosphate-binding protein or immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-coupled receptors, phospholipases cleave membrane phospholipids to generate lipid and soluble second messengers. An essential role in platelet activation has been established for phospholipase C (PLC) but not for PLD and its product phosphatidic acid. Here, we report that platelets from Pld1(-/-) mice displayed impaired alpha(IIb)beta(3) integrin activation in response to major agonists and defective glycoprotein Ib-dependent aggregate formation under high shear conditions. These defects resulted in protection from thrombosis and ischemic brain infarction without affecting tail bleeding times. These results indicate that PLD1 may be a critical regulator of platelet activity in the setting of ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margitta Elvers
- University Clinic Würzburg and Rudolf Virchow Center, DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Vorland M, Holmsen H. Phospholipase D activity in human platelets is inhibited by protein kinase A, involving inhibition of phospholipase D1 translocation. Platelets 2009; 19:300-7. [DOI: 10.1080/09537100801910838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Psychotropic drugs interfere with the tight coupling of polyphosphoinositide cycle metabolites in human platelets: A result of receptor-independent drug intercalation in the plasma membrane? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2008; 1778:2165-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 04/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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