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Rodrigues DL, Carvalho AC, Prada M, Garrido MV, Balzarini RN, de Visser RO, Lopes D. Condom Use Beliefs Differ According to Regulatory Focus: A Mixed-Methods Study in Portugal and Spain. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2024; 61:709-726. [PMID: 36877803 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2023.2181305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Reports worldwide have been showing increasing rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and condomless sex in recent years. Research has identified several individual and situational variables that can determine the decision to use condoms or forgo their use. We argue that such a decision can also be shaped by motives related to pleasure and safety (i.e., regulatory focus in sexuality). Using open ended questions, we asked 742 Portuguese and Spanish adults to indicate situations and reasons that could inform the decision making process with casual partners and the functions/attributes related to condoms. Using thematic analyses, we coded the drivers of condomless sex and condom use into themes and subthemes, and computed their frequencies. Using quantitative measures, we also asked participants to indicate their condom use expectancies and perceived barriers. Comparing participants according to regulatory focus revealed some differences. Pleasure promotion participants were more likely to consider that condom use decision making is driven by unexpectedness, pleasure, and intimacy pursuit, attached more pleasure reduction functions to condoms, expected more negative outcomes in condom use, and endorsed more sensation and partner barriers in condom use. In contrast, disease prevention participants were more likely to consider that condom use decision making is driven by adequate sexual education, responsibility, and behavioral control, and attached more health protective functions to condoms. These differences can inform the development of tailored intervention and awareness campaigns aimed at helping people to use condoms more consistently with casual partners and to avoid behaviors that put them at risk of STI transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Rodrigues
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Marília Prada
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Rhonda N Balzarini
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
- The Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Richard O de Visser
- Department of Primary Care & Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK
| | - Diniz Lopes
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Lisboa, Portugal
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Rosenstock S, Chambers R, Lee A, Goklish N, Larzelere F, Tingey L. Self-efficacy and response-efficacy: critical components of sexual and reproductive health interventions targeting condom use intention among American Indian adolescents. AIDS Care 2019; 32:379-385. [PMID: 31775515 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1695726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The Respecting the Circle of Life (RCL) intervention is a comprehensive, skills-based sexual/reproductive health program shown to be effective for reducing sexual risk among American Indian (AI) adolescents (13-19 years of age). This paper seeks to identify critical program components of the RCL intervention for replication of impacts on condom use intention (CUI) when scaling to additional communities. RCL was tested among AI adolescents through a cluster randomized controlled trial (N = 267) embedded in an 8-day basketball camp. Data were collected at baseline, immediately post-camp, at 6 and 12 months post-camp. Previously established predictors of CUI that were statistically significantly impacted by RCL at the post-camp time point were tested as mediators of RCL impact on CUI. Condom use self-efficacy and response efficacy fully mediated the effect of RCL on CUI. The indirect path through condom use self-efficacy had the greatest effect on CUI, explaining 79% of the direct effect. When stratified by gender, there was only evidence of mediation among girls. Results indicate condom use self-efficacy and response efficacy are critical components of the RCL intervention for AI girls, and sexual/reproductive health programs should include practical skills training to improve these constructs to maximize intervention impact on CUI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Summer Rosenstock
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Rachel Chambers
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Angelita Lee
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Whiteriver, USA
| | - Novalene Goklish
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Whiteriver, USA
| | - Francene Larzelere
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Whiteriver, USA
| | - Lauren Tingey
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
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Predictors of Condomless Sex and Sexual Health Behaviors in a Sample of Portuguese Single Adults. J Sex Med 2019; 17:26-36. [PMID: 31759931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several theoretical models and intervention programs overlook the importance of individual motivations for the decision to have condomless sex. For instance, people focused on promotion (ie, eager to pursue pleasure) report less intentions to use condoms, because they perceive a lower risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections. AIM We aimed at understanding to what extent individual motivations are predictive of condomless sex behavior among single individuals. METHODS A sample of 415 Portuguese individuals (254 women) with ages ranging from 18-46 years (M = 23.30; SD = 5.28) were recruited to a cross-sectional study. All participants were neither dating nor in a romantic relationship at the time of the study. The link to an anonymous web survey was shared in social networking platforms. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The survey included self-reported demographic variables (eg, age and sex), recent condomless sex behavior, and previously validated measures assessing regulatory focus in sexuality, ability in sexual restraint, perceived control over condom use, perceived safety with sex partners, and salience of the condom use norm. RESULTS More than two-thirds of the sample had recently engaged in condomless sex. A logistic regression showed that condomless sex was more likely for participants predominantly focused on promotion in sexuality. It was also more likely among less educated participants, those with a lower ability to restrain their sexual behavior, those who perceive to have less control over condom use, those for whom the condom use norm was less salient, and those who perceived to be safer with their sex partners. No other results were significant. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Our results can be informative to sexual health care professionals when planning strategies to increase condom use awareness, by considering the role of specific individual motivations. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS This is the first study showing that individual motivations uniquely contribute to the decision to have condomless sex. This study has 2 main limitations that constraint the generalizability of the findings: (a) cross-sectional data prevents us from establishing causality, and (b) individual data does not account for dyadic processes in sexuality (eg, condom use negotiation). CONCLUSION Our findings showed that condomless sex results from an individual focus on seeking pleasure, a lack of control in sexual behavior, and a perception of sex partners as more trustworthy. Overall, these findings are likely to help researchers and health care professionals improving theoretical models predicting condom use and preventing the spread of sexually transmitted infections. Rodrigues DL, Lopes D, Pereira M, et al. Predictors of Condomless Sex and Sexual Health Behaviors in a Sample of Portuguese Single Adults. J Sex Med 2020;17:26-36.
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Shen Q, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, Luo M, Wang S, Jiang X, Yang Y, Cai Y, Shang M. Understanding condom use among unmarried female migrants: a psychological and personality factors modified information-motivation-behavioral skills model. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:223. [PMID: 30791897 PMCID: PMC6385431 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, unmarried female migrants are vulnerable to sexual and reproductive health risks. One effective protection strategy is promoting consistent condom use (CCU). METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study to apply the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model and modified it by addition of psychological and personal factors to examine the related factors of CCU and provide suggestions for intervention among unmarried female migrants. RESULTS Of all 903 eligible participants, only 13.8% of participants reported CCU in the past six months. Both the IMB model and the modified IMB model provided acceptable fit to the data. In both models, information had no direct or indirect influence on CCU (p > 0.05). However, behavioral skills had a positive effect on CCU (β = 0.344, p < 0.001 and β = 0.330, p < 0.001). Moreover, motivation contributed to CCU indirectly by affecting behavioral skills (β = 0.800, p < 0.001) and had no direct influence (p > 0.05). In the modified model, psychological and personality factors influenced CCU directly (β = - 0.100, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the importance of conducting CCU promotion among unmarried female migrants. Future intervention strategies should focus on both the traditional IMB model constructs and the added psychological and personality factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Shen
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Department of Hospital Infection Control, Ruijin Hospital, affiliated with the School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zezhou Wang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyun Luo
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Suping Wang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqin Jiang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghua Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meili Shang
- Sanlin Community Health Service Center, No.375, Sanlin Road, Shanghai, 200126, People's Republic of China.
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Patrão AL, McIntyre T. Socio-demographic, marital and psychosocial predictors of safe sex behaviour among Mozambican women at risk for HIV/AIDS. AJAR-AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AIDS RESEARCH 2018; 17:323-331. [PMID: 30466355 DOI: 10.2989/16085906.2018.1536672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Heterosexual encounters remain the primary route for HIV transmission in Africa. Safer sex behaviour is not adopted by many women due to several social and psychological factors. This paper aims to identify socio-demographic, marital and psychosocial predictors associated with current sexual activity and condom use in Mozambican women at sexual risk for HIV/AIDS. Women (173), patients at a public hospital and at risk for HIV infection, completed measures of condom use negotiation self-efficacy, perceived barriers against safer sex, current sexual activity and condom use. Having more than 6 years of education and being younger and single were significant predictors for current sexual activity and condom use. Regarding psychosocial factors, talking about AIDS with partners, condom use negotiation self-efficacy and fewer perceived barriers to safer sex were significant predictors for current sexual activity (intention to use and buy/get condoms). Condom use negotiation self-efficacy is a significant predictor for condom use. These results should be considered in new HIV prevention intervention design in Mozambique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luísa Patrão
- a Institute of Collective Health , Federal University of Bahia , Salvador , Brazil
| | - Teresa McIntyre
- b School of Social Work , University of Texas at Arlington , USA
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Closson K, Dietrich JJ, Lachowsky NJ, Nkala B, Palmer A, Cui Z, Beksinska M, Smit JA, Hogg RS, Gray G, Miller CL, Kaida A. Sexual Self-Efficacy and Gender: A Review of Condom Use and Sexual Negotiation Among Young Men and Women in Sub-Saharan Africa. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2018; 55:522-539. [PMID: 29466024 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2017.1421607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sexual self-efficacy (SSE), one's perceived control of or confidence in the ability to perform a given sexual outcome, predicts sexual behavior; however, important questions remain regarding whether gender modifies observed associations. In a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed HIV-prevention literature focusing on youth (ages 10 to 25) in sub-Saharan Africa, we measured and assessed the influence of SSE on condom use and sexual refusal, overall and by gender. Our results, after reviewing 63 publications, show that SSE is inconsistently measured. Most studies measured condom use self-efficacy (CUSE) (96.8%) and/or sexual refusal self-efficacy (SRSE) (63.5%). On average, young men had higher CUSE than young women, while young women had higher SRSE than young men. While cross-sectional studies reported an association between high SSE and sexual behaviors, this association was not observed in interventions, particularly among young women who face a disproportionate risk of HIV acquisition. In all, 25% of intervention studies demonstrated that fostering CUSE increased condom use among young men only, and one of two studies demonstrated that higher SRSE led to reduced frequency of sexual activity for both men and women. Future research and HIV-prevention interventions must be gender targeted, consider improving CUSE for young men, and move beyond limited individual-level sexual behavior change frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalysha Closson
- a Faculty of Health Sciences , Simon Fraser University
- b British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS
| | - Janan J Dietrich
- c Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of the Witwatersrand
| | - Nathan J Lachowsky
- b British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS
- d School of Public Health and Social Policy , University of Victoria
| | - Busiwe Nkala
- c Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of the Witwatersrand
- e Faculty of Humanities , University of the Witwatersrand
| | - Alexis Palmer
- b British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS
| | - Zishan Cui
- b British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS
| | - Mags Beksinska
- f MatCH Research Unit [Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research Unit], Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand
| | - Jennifer A Smit
- f MatCH Research Unit [Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research Unit], Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand
| | - Robert S Hogg
- a Faculty of Health Sciences , Simon Fraser University
- b British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS
| | - Glenda Gray
- c Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of the Witwatersrand
| | - Cari L Miller
- a Faculty of Health Sciences , Simon Fraser University
| | - Angela Kaida
- a Faculty of Health Sciences , Simon Fraser University
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Gomes AICDS, Nunes MCS. Predicting Condom Use: A Comparison of the Theory of Reasoned Action, the Theory of Planned Behavior and an Extended Model of TPB. PSICOLOGIA: TEORIA E PESQUISA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0102.3772e33422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT It was our goal to give a contribution to the prediction of condom use using socio-cognitive models, comparing classic theories to an extended model. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire of self-reported measures. From the students who agreed to participate in the study, 140 were eligible for the full study. A confirmatory analysis was used to assess the predictive value of the researched model. The model tested had slightly better fit indexes and predictive value than classic Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behaviour. Although the results found, discussion continues to understand the gap between intention and behaviour, as further investigation is necessary to fully understand the reasons for condom use inconsistency.
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Teye-Kwadjo E, Kagee A, Swart H. Condom use negotiation among high school adolescents in Ghana: the role of gender. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0081246317730282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gender has a profound effect on the sexual risk preventive intentions and behaviour of young people. However, little is known about the role of gender on condom use negotiation among adolescents in Ghana. This study explored gender differences in condom use negotiation among school-going adolescents in Ghana. Participants ( n = 684) completed self-report measures based on attitudes towards condom use, subjective norms regarding condom use, perceived behavioural control over condom use, intentions to use condoms, and on actual condom use behaviour. Results revealed statistically significant differences in condom use by gender. Specifically, attitudes towards condom use were more favourable among male students than they were among female students. Male students perceived slightly greater control over condom use than did female students. Moreover, male students reported slightly more condom-protected sexual behaviour than did female students. These results highlight the usefulness of designing gender-specific sexual risk reduction programmes among high school adolescents in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashraf Kagee
- Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Hermann Swart
- Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
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Predicting Primary and Secondary Abstinence Among Adolescent Boys and Girls in the Western Cape, South Africa. AIDS Behav 2017; 21:1417-1428. [PMID: 27289370 PMCID: PMC5378751 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-016-1438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Two of the most effective health behaviours with regard to HIV prevention are condom use and sexual abstinence. While determinants of condom use among sub-Saharan African adolescents have been studied extensively, factors related to abstinence have received far less attention. This study identified socio-cognitive determinants of primary and secondary abstinence intentions and of early sexual activity. This study also assessed whether these factors had a direct or indirect association with intentions to abstain from sex. A longitudinal design was used in which 1670 students (age 12–16) of non-private South African high schools filled in a questionnaire, with a follow-up after 6 months, concerning sexual abstinence, attitudes, social norms, self-efficacy, risk perception and knowledge. Logistic and linear regression analysis with latent factors was used to assess determinants of intentions and abstinence, and structural equation modelling was used to assess indirect effects. Results showed that among sexually inactive students, social norms predicted the intention to abstain from sex in the next 6 months. Among sexually active students, reporting less disadvantages of abstinence predicted the intention to abstain. Sexual activity at follow-up was predicted by attitudes and intention among sexually inactive girls, and by knowledge among sexually inactive boys. No predictors were found for sexually active adolescents. Structural equation modelling further showed that risk perception was indirectly related to intentions to abstain from sexual intercourse. We conclude that addressing socio-cognitive factors in order to motivate adolescents to delay sex is more likely to be successful before they experience sexual debut. In addition, this study shows that the effect of increasing risk perceptions, a strategy often applied by parents and HIV prevention programmes, is to a large extent mediated by more proximal cognitive factors such as attitude. Research is needed to identify factors that influence the execution of intentions to abstain from sex.
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Manyaapelo T, Nyembezi A, Ruiter RAC, Borne BVD, Sifunda S, Reddy P. Understanding the Psychosocial Correlates of the Intention to Use Condoms among Young Men in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E339. [PMID: 28333100 PMCID: PMC5409540 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14040339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
South Africa leads the world with the number of people infected with HIV. Even with all attempts that have been made to curb HIV, it is still evident that new infections are on the rise. Condom use remains one of the best tools against this challenge yet a small number of sexually active men use them. This study investigates the psychosocial correlates of the intention to use condoms among young men in KwaZulu-Natal province. Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour as a framework, hierarchical linear regression models were used to determine the unique contribution of the study measures in explaining the overall variance of intention to consistently use condoms. Subjective norms and perceived behavioural control towards consistent condom use explained 46% of the variance in the intention to use a condom, suggesting that health behaviour interventions should focus on targeting the normative beliefs as well as control beliefs of the target population. Furthermore, subjective norms and intentions towards reducing alcohol and marijuana use explained an additional 7% to the final model in intentions to condom use, implying that substance use and condom usage may influence each other. No significant contributions were found for beliefs underlying cultural aspects of responsible manhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thabang Manyaapelo
- Human Sciences Research Council, Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Private Bag X41, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Anam Nyembezi
- Human Sciences Research Council, Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Private Bag X9182, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.
| | - Robert A C Ruiter
- Department of Work & Social Psychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Bart van den Borne
- Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Sibusiso Sifunda
- Human Sciences Research Council, HIV/AIDS, STIs and TB, Private Bag X41, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Priscilla Reddy
- Human Sciences Research Council, Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Private Bag X9182, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.
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Stanton B, Dinaj-Koci V, Wang B, Deveaux L, Lunn S, Li X, Rolle G, Brathwaite N, Marshall S, Gomez P. Adolescent HIV Risk Reduction in the Bahamas: Results from Two Randomized Controlled Intervention Trials Spanning Elementary School Through High School. AIDS Behav 2016; 20:1182-96. [PMID: 26499123 PMCID: PMC4842173 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-015-1225-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To address global questions regarding the timing of HIV-prevention efforts targeting youth and the possible additional benefits of parental participation, researchers from the USA and The Bahamas conducted two sequential longitudinal, randomized trials of an evidence-based intervention spanning the adolescent years. The first trial involved 1360 grade-6 students and their parents with three years of follow-up and the second 2564 grade-10 students and their parents with two years of follow-up. Through grade-12, involvement in the combined child and parent-child HIV-risk reduction interventions resulted in increased consistent condom-use, abstinence/protected sex, condom-use skills and parent-child communication about sex. Receipt of the grade-6 HIV-prevention intervention conferred lasting benefits regarding condom-use skills and self-efficacy. Youth who had not received the grade-six intervention experienced significantly greater improvement over baseline as a result of the grade-10 intervention. The HIV-risk reduction intervention delivered in either or both grade-6 and grade-10 conferred sustained benefits; receipt of both interventions appears to confer additional benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonita Stanton
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Veronica Dinaj-Koci
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
- IBio (Behavioral Health), 6135 Woodward, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- IBio (Behavioral Health), 6135 Woodward, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Lynette Deveaux
- Ministries of Health and of Education, Nassau, New Providence, The Bahamas
| | - Sonja Lunn
- Ministries of Health and of Education, Nassau, New Providence, The Bahamas
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Glenda Rolle
- Ministries of Health and of Education, Nassau, New Providence, The Bahamas
| | - Nanika Brathwaite
- Ministries of Health and of Education, Nassau, New Providence, The Bahamas
| | - Sharon Marshall
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Perez Gomez
- Ministries of Health and of Education, Nassau, New Providence, The Bahamas
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Brüll P, Ruiter RAC, Wiers RW, Kok G. Identifying Psychosocial Variables That Predict Safer Sex Intentions in Adolescents and Young Adults. Front Public Health 2016; 4:74. [PMID: 27148520 PMCID: PMC4837163 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2016.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Young people are especially vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The triad of deliberate and effective safer sex behavior encompasses condom use, combined with additional information about a partner's sexual health, and the kind of sex acts usually performed. To identify psychosocial predictors of young people's intentions to have safer sex, as related to this triad, we conducted an online study with 211 sexually active participants aged between 18 and 24 years. Predictors [i.e., perceived behavioral control (PBC), subjective norms, and intention] taken from Fishbein and Ajzen's Reasoned Action Approach (RAA), were combined with more distal variables (e.g., behavioral inhibition, sensation seeking, parental monitoring, and knowledge about STIs). Beyond the highly predictive power of RAA variables, additional variance was explained by the number of instances of unprotected sexual intercourse (SI) during the last 12 months and reasons for using barrier protection during first SI. In particular, past condom non-use behavior moderated PBC related to intended condom use. Further, various distal variables showed significant univariate associations with intentions related to the three behaviors of interest. It may, therefore, be helpful to include measures of past behavior as well as certain additional distal variables in future safer sex programs designed to promote health-sustaining sexual behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil Brüll
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Robert A. C. Ruiter
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Reinout W. Wiers
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gerjo Kok
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Lee YH, Salman A, Cooksey-James T. Gender Differences in HIV/AIDS Preventive Self-Efficacy Among Taiwanese Adolescents. AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR AIDS EDUCATION 2016; 28:77-89. [PMID: 26829258 DOI: 10.1521/aeap.2016.28.1.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the cross-sectional study was to understand gender differences in HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy among Taiwanese adolescents. Self-administered questionnaires were used to measure HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy and covariates (age, substance use, and sexual experiences). Data were collected from 734 Taiwanese high school adolescents aged 16 to 18 years. Descriptive statistic analyses, t-test, and ANCOVA were utilized to analyze data. The results indicate significant differences exist between genders in HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy among Taiwanese adolescents. Compared to the males, female adolescents were found having significantly higher HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy related to refusing sexual intercourse, condom use, and questioning potential sexual partners than those who are males. While controlling age, sexual experience, and substance use, female Taiwanese adolescents also had higher HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy than those who are males. The findings suggest the importance of addressing gender differences in HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy when developing HIV reduction programs for Taiwanese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hui Lee
- College of Nursing and Health, Wright State University-Miami Valley, Dayton, Ohio
| | - Ali Salman
- Brandon University, Manitoba, Canada, and Al-Andalus University for Medical Sciences, Tartus, Syria
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Campbell ANC, Brooks AJ, Pavlicova M, Hu MC, Hatch-Maillette MA, Calsyn DA, Tross S. Barriers to Condom Use: Results for Men and Women Enrolled in HIV Risk Reduction Trials in Outpatient Drug Treatment. JOURNAL OF HIV/AIDS & SOCIAL SERVICES 2016; 15:130-146. [PMID: 27766067 PMCID: PMC5067067 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2016.1166090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
HIV transmission often occurs through heterosexual high-risk sex. Even in the era of HIV combination prevention, promoting condom use, and understanding condom barriers, remain priorities, especially among substance-dependent individuals. Men and women (N=729) in outpatient drug treatment participated in a five-session gender-specific risk reduction group or one-session HIV Education group. Condom barriers (Motivation, Partner-related, Access/Availability, Sexual experience) were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Completing either intervention was associated with fewer motivation and partner-related barriers. Among women, reductions in motivation and sexual experience barriers were associated with less sexual risk with primary partners. Condom barriers are important to gender-specific HIV prevention; given limited resources, brief interventions maximizing active components are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee N C Campbell
- Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY; St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, Mount Sinai Health System, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY
| | - Audrey J Brooks
- University of Arizona, Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine, Tucson, AZ
| | - Martina Pavlicova
- Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Biostatistics, New York, NY
| | - Mei-Chen Hu
- Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry
| | - Mary A Hatch-Maillette
- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Donald A Calsyn
- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Susan Tross
- Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry; St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, Mount Sinai Health System, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY
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15
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Wang YC. Individual, interpersonal, and community predictors of consistent condom use among Taiwanese university students. AIDS Care 2015; 28:354-8. [PMID: 26477524 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2015.1096892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the predictive value of individual, interpersonal, and community factors for consistent condom use among university students in Taiwan. The analytic sample for this cross-sectional study comprised 105 sexually active students, a subgroup of the respondents in a survey on university students in mid-Taiwan, with a mean age of 21, and 51.4% being female. The outcome variable was assessed as the proportion of times a condom was used in sex with steady sex partners. Risky sex appeared less related to having multiple sex partners (8.57%) than with inconsistent condom use (71.4%). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that 47.4% of variance in the outcome variable could be explained by AIDS knowledge, class adjustment, perception of good friends' condom use, and discussion of condom use with good friends. This study found that predictors across different levels may work in combination to influence students' condom use. Enhancing HIV/AIDS knowledge, improving class adjustment, facilitating peer norm of condom use may work in combination to increase students' condom use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chien Wang
- a Department of Medical Sociology and Social Work , Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung City , Taiwan, R.O.C
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Lee J, Carvallo M, Lee T. Psychometric Properties of a Measure Assessing Attitudes and Norms as Determinants of Intention to Use Oral Contraceptives. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2015; 9:138-45. [PMID: 26160243 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Asian immigrant and Asian American women are less likely to use oral contraceptives (OCs) and tend to rely on low-efficacy methods of contraception. This contraceptive pattern remains poorly understood, in part, because no theory-driven measurement exists to assess psychosocial determinants essential in explaining behaviors related to OC use in this population. The current study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of a measure of attitudes and subjective norms toward OC use among Korean American women as a first step to determine whether the measure can be used in this population and, potentially, in other Asian ethnic groups. METHODS The sample consisted of 329 Korean immigrant women living in New York City. The theory of reasoned action guided the development of the measure assessing attitudes and norms. Psychometric evaluation included item analysis, internal consistency estimates of reliability, and construct validity (i.e., factorial, discriminant, and predictive). RESULTS All item-total correlations were above the recommendation of .30. The Cronbach's alpha for the attitudes and subjective norms measure was .88 and .86, respectively. Exploratory factor analyses revealed four interpretable factors, and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed that the factor structures derived from the exploratory factor analyses fit the data well. Discriminant and predictive validity of the measure were also established. CONCLUSIONS The study provides support for the validity and reliability of the measure and its use for determining the degree to which Korean immigrant women intend to use OCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongwon Lee
- College of Nursing, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | | | - Taehun Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
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Gomes A, Nunes C. Comparative analysis between condom use clusters and risk behaviours among Portuguese university students. SAUDE E SOCIEDADE 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-12902015000100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The research on condom use has been focused on high-risk individuals, paying less attention to those who have moderate risk or safe sexual conducts. In order to design accurate interventions, potential differences among the condom use behavior groups must be considered. The goal was to assess possible differences in individuals presenting different types of risk behavior. 140 heterosexual university students answered a self-reported questionnaire about their sexual history, condom use habits, sexual self-esteem, sexual satisfaction, sexual control, attitudes towards condoms, self-efficacy to condom use, and emotions and feelings during sexual intercourse. A cluster analysis was conducted using the results about condom use and risk behaviors. Three groups with different risk levels emerged, presenting differences over sexual self-efficacy, attitudes towards condoms, socio-demographic variables, and sexual history. The results suggest the condom use inconsistency is highly associated with other risk behaviors but the contrary does not necessarily happens. Condom use consistent users also presented risk behaviors as smoking and drinking. The group differences suggest the risks were more affected by the combination of lack of skills with a negative attitude toward condoms than by contextual or personal variables. These differences sustain the need of an intervention adjusted to the individual's risk levels, since they differ on skills and beliefs that may hinder or promote the adoption of health behaviors.
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18
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Mehra D, Östergren PO, Ekman B, Agardh A. Inconsistent condom use among Ugandan university students from a gender perspective: a cross-sectional study. Glob Health Action 2014; 7:22942. [PMID: 24725363 PMCID: PMC3984407 DOI: 10.3402/gha.v7.22942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Feminization of the HIV/AIDS epidemic has been a prominent phenomenon in sub-Saharan Africa. Inconsistent condom use among young people is one of the major risk factors in the continued propagation of the epidemic. Therefore, it is of importance to increase knowledge of gender aspects of condom use among young people. Objective To investigate whether gender differences regarding individual and social factors determine the association between condom efficacy and inconsistent condom use with a new sex partner, among Ugandan university students. Design In 2010, 1954 Ugandan students participated in a cross-sectional survey, conducted at Mbarara University of Science and Technology in southwestern Uganda. A self-administered questionnaire assessed socio-demographic factors, alcohol consumption, sexual behaviors (including condom use and condom efficacy), and peer norms. The data were stratified by sex and examined by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 1,179 (60.3%) students reported having had their sexual debut. Of these, 231 (37.4%) males and 209 (49.2%) females reported inconsistent condom use with a new sex partner. Students with low condom efficacy had a higher risk of inconsistent condom use with a new sex partner, even after adjusting for the potential confounders. A synergistic effect was observed between being a female and low condom efficacy with inconsistent condom use. Conclusion The association between inconsistent condom use and low condom efficacy was found among both males and females, but females were found to be at a higher risk of inconsistent condom use compared to their male counterparts. Therefore, gender power relations should be addressed in policies and interventions aiming at increasing condom use among young people in sub-Saharan settings. Programs could be designed with intervention strategies that focus on interactive and participatory educational activities and youth-friendly counseling of young people, which in turn may improve their interpersonal communication and condom negotiation skills with their partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devika Mehra
- Division of Social Medicine and Global Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden;
| | - Per-Olof Östergren
- Division of Social Medicine and Global Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Björn Ekman
- Division of Social Medicine and Global Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anette Agardh
- Division of Social Medicine and Global Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Eggers SM, Aarø LE, Bos AER, Mathews C, de Vries H. Predicting condom use in South Africa: a test of two integrative models. AIDS Behav 2014; 18:135-45. [PMID: 23392911 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-013-0423-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study tested two integrative socio-cognitive models, namely the information-motivation-behavioral skills model (IMB) and the I-Change model (ICM), to assess their hypothesized motivational pathways for the prediction of condom use during last sexual intercourse. Students (N = 1066) from Cape Town, South Africa, filled out questionnaires at three different time points. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that self-efficacy did not predict behavior directly but indirectly via intention. Knowledge of how to use a condom and how STIs are transmitted directly predicted behavior when modeled as hypothesized by the IMB model, but indirectly when the factors attitude, subjective norms and self-efficacy were included as mediators, as hypothesized by the ICM. It is concluded that the ICM and IMB are similar in terms of model fit and explained variance, but that the ICM had a higher proportion of significant pathways.
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20
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Hood KB, Shook NJ. Conceptualizing women's attitudes toward condom use with the tripartite model. Women Health 2013; 53:349-68. [PMID: 23751090 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2013.788610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011) estimated that women represent 24% of HIV diagnoses in the United States, with most infections resulting from heterosexual contact. However, consistent condom use is highly effective in preventing the spread of HIV. The current study examined women's attitudes toward condom use and potential inconsistencies related to the conceptualization and measurement of attitudes. METHOD Data were collected from October 2009 through March 2010. Researchers included 556 female undergraduate students from the Southeast region of the United States. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to determine whether women's condom use attitudes were composed of an affective and a cognitive component. RESULTS Evidence for a two-factor model of condom use attitudes consisting of an affective and cognitive component was found, with participants reporting slightly negative feelings toward condom use but favorable beliefs about using condoms. Affect accounted for more variance (42%) than cognition (8%) in condom use attitudes. Notably, affect and cognition were differentially associated with past behavior and intentions to use condoms. CONCLUSION Understanding the structure of women's attitudes toward using condoms can aid in the creation of appropriate HIV prevention and condom use messaging targeted toward promoting positive attitudes and normative change. Changing women's attitudes in this manner could enhance the effectiveness of condom use interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina B Hood
- Department of Psychology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-6161, USA.
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21
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Identification and characterization of adolescents' sexual boundaries. J Adolesc Health 2013; 53:85-90. [PMID: 23481297 PMCID: PMC3683113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescents' decisions to have sex may be based on a priori boundaries placed on sex. This study addresses: (1) to what extent adolescents set vaginal sexual boundaries; (2) the types of sexual boundaries most and least likely to be endorsed; and (3) to what extent sexual boundaries vary by sex, race/ethnicity, and sexual experience. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 518 students attending 10th grade. Survey measures queried about demographics, ever having sex, and existence of sexual boundaries (e.g., being in love, having an attractive partner) that must be in place before having vaginal sex. RESULTS The most frequently endorsed boundaries were maturity, commitment, trust, love, and marriage. These boundaries were more frequently endorsed than having a safer-sex method. Compared with females, males were more likely to choose boundaries based on partner attractiveness (p < .001) and avoiding trouble (p < .04). Compared with Asians and Pacific Islanders, whites were more likely to endorse wanting to be a certain age to have sex (p < .01 and p < .05, respectively); Asians and Pacific Islanders were more likely to choose sexual boundaries based on marriage (p's < .05). Adolescents who were sexually experienced were more likely than inexperienced adolescents to endorse boundaries related to relationship characteristics and partner attractiveness (OR = 2.5), and less likely to endorse boundaries related to feeling mature (OR = .34) and waiting until marriage (OR = .34). CONCLUSIONS Identifying adolescents' sexual boundaries should help healthcare professionals better understand under what circumstances adolescents are more or less likely to have sex; and this information should ultimately inform the development of new interventions.
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Sexual partnership types as determinant of HIV risk in South African MSM: an event-level cluster analysis. AIDS Behav 2013; 17 Suppl 1:S23-32. [PMID: 22956229 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-012-0294-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
While individual determinants of HIV risk among MSM have been widely studied, there is limited understanding of how relational characteristics determine sexual risk. Based on data collected among 300 South African men who have sex with men (MSM) and using cluster analysis, this study developed a typology of four partnership types: the "Race-Economic Similar," "Age-Race-Economic Discordant," "Non-regular Neighbourhood," and "Familiar" partnership types. Support for the meaningfulness of these types was found through associations of these partnership types with participant characteristics and characteristics of the last anal sex event. Furthermore, in a multivariate analysis, only partnership type independently predicted whether the last anal sex event was unprotected. Findings of the study illustrate the importance of taking into account the relational context in understanding unprotected sexual practices and present ways to target intervention efforts as well as identify relationship specific determinants of unprotected sex.
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Overstreet RE, Cegielski C, Hall D. Predictors of the intent to adopt preventive innovations: a meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Casey Cegielski
- Department of Aviation and Supply Chain Management; Auburn University
| | - Dianne Hall
- Department of Aviation and Supply Chain Management; Auburn University
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Simms DC, Byers ES. Heterosexual daters' sexual initiation behaviors: use of the theory of planned behavior. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2013; 42:105-116. [PMID: 22875717 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-012-9994-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The current study investigated sexual initiations within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) (Ajzen, 1991; Ajzen & Madden, 1986). Male and female daters in heterosexual dating relationships completed an online survey that assessed their sexual relationship with their partner and the TPB components (perceptions of social norms, attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and intentions). The TPB was supported for both men and women in that, as predicted, the more an individual perceived that important others would approve of them initiating sexual activities with their partner, the more positive their evaluations were of the outcomes of initiating, and the more confident they were in their ability to initiate, the stronger were their initiation intentions. In turn, stronger sexual initiation intentions were associated with more frequent initiation behaviors. Compared to women, men initiated more frequently, had stronger sexual initiation intentions, and perceived more positive social norms regarding initiation; men and women did not differ in their attitudes toward sexual initiation or in their perceived behavioral control. Both men and women who reported initiating more frequently and perceived their partner as initiating more frequently reported greater sexual satisfaction. These results are discussed in terms of the utility of the TPB for understanding sexual initiations and the role of the traditional sexual script in initiation-related cognitions and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanne C Simms
- Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick, POB 4400, Fredericton, NB, E3B 6E4, Canada.
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25
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Ross A, Jackson M. Investigating the theory of planned behaviour’s application to binge drinking among university students. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2012. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2012.661024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Potard C, Courtois R, Samedy ML, Mestre B, Barakat MJ, Réveillère C. Determinants of the intention to use condoms in a sample of French adolescents. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2011; 17:55-64. [PMID: 22149900 DOI: 10.3109/13625187.2011.634455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the determinants of the intention to use and actual use of condoms in a sample of French adolescents based on Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour. METHOD Two-hundred-and-thirty French secondary-school students (mean age: 17.68 years; SD = 1.08) completed a questionnaire about condom use intention. RESULTS 'Perceived behavioural control', 'individual attitudes', 'subjective socio-cultural norms' and 'subjective norms of close friends and relatives' are the main factors explaining 33% of variance of condom use intention. For girls, intention is essentially associated with perceived control, subjective norms ('close friends and relatives', and then, 'socio-cultural norms') and individual attitudes, whereas for boys, it is more closely linked to individual attitudes and to subjective socio-cultural norms. The best predictors of the intention to use a condom are perceived control and individual attitudes for girls while, for boys, individual attitudes come before perceived control. CONCLUSION In order to design effective programmes for prevention of sexually transmitted infections, the determinants of the intention to use condoms must be considered.
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Brawner BM, Davis ZM, Fannin EF, Alexander KA. Clinical depression and condom use attitudes and beliefs among African American adolescent females. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2011; 23:184-94. [PMID: 21737313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Depression, HIV, and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are growing concerns among African American adolescent females. Theoretical models contribute to identification of mediators of condom use; however, minimal research has addressed the explicit relationship between clinical depression and condom use in African American adolescent females. The authors report results from quantitative surveys with clinically depressed (n = 64) and nondepressed (n = 64) African American adolescent females in two large metropolitan cities in the eastern United States. Theoretical mediators of condom use in the study sample-attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intentions-were investigated. Significant differences existed between the groups in condom use frequency (U = 356.5, p = .037); however, there were no statistically significant differences in condom use attitudes and beliefs. Although clinically depressed and nondepressed African American adolescent females may hold similar attitudes and beliefs about condom use, differences in condom use frequency may be a psychopathologic occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgette M Brawner
- Center for Health Equity Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Hwang SW, Chung CW. Contraception Behavior and Related Factors in Unmarried Female and Male. KOREAN JOURNAL OF WOMEN HEALTH NURSING 2011; 17:77-87. [PMID: 37697576 DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2011.17.1.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify differences in contraception behavior and related factors between unmarried female and male. METHODS A cross-sectional survey design with a convenient sampling was used. From Seoul, 107 women and 96 men were recruited. A structured questionnaire was self-administered from July 14, 2008 to September 2, 2008. RESULTS The average ages of women and men were 26.9 and 27.8 years old, respectively. Fifty-six percent of women and 85.4% of men have experienced sexual intercourse. There were no differences between female and male in attitude toward contraception, subjective norm, and contraception behavior, while female had higher score of self-efficacy for contraception (p=.02) and intention of contraception (p=.02). There was positive correlation with subjective norm (r=.22, p<.05), self-efficacy (r=.53, p<.01) in male and attitude (r=.32, p<.05), self-efficacy (r=49, p<.01) in female. According to the result of multiple regression, the significant factor of contraception behavior was self-efficacy for both female (beta=.49, p=.00) and male (beta=.53, p=.00). CONCLUSION To improve contraception behavior for unmarried female and male, it is necessary to develop proper sex education program to enhance self-efficacy for contraception. Adjusted education program by this result will contribute to increase sexual health for female and male.
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Hollub AV, Reece M, Herbenick D, Hensel DJ, Middlestadt SE. College students and condom attitude: validation of the Multi-Factor Attitude toward Condoms Scale (MFACS). JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2011; 59:708-714. [PMID: 21950251 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2010.546462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sexually transmitted infections and the human immunodeficiency virus incidence rates remain high among college-aged individuals. This study examined the validity and reliability of the Multi-Factor Attitude toward Condoms Scale (MFACS). PARTICIPANTS Participants were recruited from a large midwestern university during February and March 2009. METHODS Data were collected using in-class data collection with a test-retest design from undergraduate courses. A total of 442 surveys were collected during initial testing and 421 during retesting. RESULTS Reliability assessments indicated a sufficient Cronbach's alpha for the total scale (α = .805) and each subscale: affective (α = .790), perceived effectiveness (α = .795), and manageability (α = .751). Further analyses provide evidence of construct validity. CONCLUSIONS The study reaffirmed the psychometric properties of the MFACS among a sample of college students. The MFACS provides a contemporary way to examine condom attitudes as sexual health research is moving beyond only disease prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane V Hollub
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
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Fogg CJ, Mawn BE, Porell F. Development of the fogg intent-to-screen for HIV (ITS HIV) questionnaire. Res Nurs Health 2010; 34:73-84. [DOI: 10.1002/nur.20412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Grov C, Parsons JT, Bimbi DS. The association between penis size and sexual health among men who have sex with men. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2010; 39:788-97. [PMID: 19139986 PMCID: PMC2874247 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-008-9439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Revised: 10/09/2008] [Accepted: 10/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Larger penis size has been equated with a symbol of power, stamina, masculinity, and social status. Yet, there has been little research among men who have sex with men assessing the association between penis size and social-sexual health. Survey data from a diverse sample of 1,065 men who have sex with men were used to explore the association between perceived penis size and a variety of psychosocial outcomes. Seven percent of men felt their penis was "below average," 53.9% "average," and 35.5% "above average." Penis size was positively related to satisfaction with size and inversely related to lying about penis size (all ps < .01). Size was unrelated to condom use, frequency of sex partners, HIV status, or recent diagnoses of HBV, HCV, gonorrhea/Chlamydia/urinary tract infections, and syphilis. Men with above average penises were more likely to report HPV and HSV-2 (Fisher's exact p <or= .05). Men with below average penises were significantly more likely to identify as "bottoms" (anal receptive) and men with above average penises were significantly more likely to identify as "tops" (anal insertive). Finally, men with below average penises fared significantly worse than other men on three measures of psychosocial adjustment. Though most men felt their penis size was average, many fell outside this "norm." The disproportionate number of viral skin-to-skin STIs (HSV-2 and HPV) suggest size may play a role in condom slippage/breakage. Further, size played a significant role in sexual positioning and psychosocial adjustment. These data highlight the need to better understand the real individual-level consequences of living in a penis-centered society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Grov
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College, City University of New York (CUNY)
- Center for HIV/AIDS Educational Studies and Training (CHEST)
| | - Jeffrey T. Parsons
- Center for HIV/AIDS Educational Studies and Training (CHEST)
- Department of Social & Personality Psychology, The Graduate Center of CUNY
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Psychology, Hunter College, CUNY, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY. 10065. . 212-206-7919x226; 212-206-7994 (Fax)
| | - David S. Bimbi
- Center for HIV/AIDS Educational Studies and Training (CHEST)
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, LaGuardia Community College, CUNY
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HIV screening: beliefs and intentions of the homeless. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2010; 21:395-407. [PMID: 20350817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
HIV screening is the first step in identifying HIV infection; however, the HIV screening rates remain low. Homeless people in the United States are at risk for HIV infection, yet their acceptance of HIV screening remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate beliefs and intentions of the homeless toward HIV screening. Using a survey design, this study applied the Theory of Planned Behavior to investigate attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral control and their relationship to intention to screen for HIV. Homeless people (N = 323) from 12 different shelters participated in this study. The final path analysis explained 60% of homeless people's intentions to screen for HIV. Significant predictors included: attitude toward HIV screening, prior screening, age, and subjective norms. Implications include health provider recommendations for screening and increasing awareness of HIV risk behaviors for this vulnerable population.
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Edwards GL, Barber BL. Women may underestimate their partners' desires to use condoms: possible implications for behaviour. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2010; 47:59-65. [PMID: 19343571 DOI: 10.1080/00224490902867863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Australian young adults reported how often they wanted to use condoms in both romantic (n = 667) and casual relationship (n = 152) contexts and how often they thought their partners wanted to use condoms. Young adults wanted to use condoms more often than they perceived their partners to in both casual and romantic relationship contexts. Gender interactions showed that this pattern was especially strong among young women. Women seemed to underestimate the frequency at which their male partners wanted to use condoms. Furthermore, both the participants' condom use desires and perceptions of their partners' condom use desires predicted condom use behavior. Results suggest that gendered expectations may play a part in how often individuals perceive their partners to want to use condoms, which, in effect, may determine condom use behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaynor L Edwards
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150.
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