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Abdelkhalek F, Joseph P, DeRose L, Olamijuwon E, Dladla P, Ngubane T, Hosegood V, van Rooyen H, van Heerden A, McGrath N. Two-way associations between relationship quality and uptake of couples health screening including HIV testing and counselling together: quantitative analysis of a couples cohort in rural South Africa. AIDS Care 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38381809 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2024.2308741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In the context of a couples cohort established to evaluate an optimised couples-focused behavioural intervention in rural South Africa, we examined: (1) Is couples' relationship quality (RQ) associated with couples HIV testing and counselling (CHTC) uptake? (2) Does CHTC uptake or the intervention components uptake improve subsequent RQ? Enrolled couples, (n = 218), previously naïve to couples HIV testing, were invited to two group sessions and offered four couples counselling sessions (CS1-CS4), as part of the intervention and administered a questionnaire individually at baseline, four weeks, and four months, which included item-scales to measure RQ: satisfaction, intimacy, dyadic trust, conflict, and mutual constructive communication. Logistic models indicated that no baseline RQ measures were significantly associated with CHTC uptake. Linear regression models showed that CHTC uptake before four weeks assessment significantly improved couples' satisfaction and trust at four weeks, and intimacy at four months. Attending at least one CS was associated with increased satisfaction, intimacy, and decreased conflict within couples at four weeks; the improvement in intimacy was sustained at four months. Consistent with the theoretical interdependence model, our findings suggest that CHTC and CS seemed to strengthen aspects of relationship quality, possibly leading to further collaboration in managing lifestyle changes and treatment adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Abdelkhalek
- CHERISH programme, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Faculty of Commerce, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Phillip Joseph
- Human Sciences Research Council, Sweetwaters, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | | | - Emmanuel Olamijuwon
- CHERISH programme, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- School of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St. Andrews, UK
| | - Pumla Dladla
- Human Sciences Research Council, Sweetwaters, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Thulani Ngubane
- Human Sciences Research Council, Sweetwaters, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Victoria Hosegood
- Department of Social Statistics & Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Heidi van Rooyen
- Human Sciences Research Council, Sweetwaters, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
- SAMRC-WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Alastair van Heerden
- Human Sciences Research Council, Sweetwaters, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
- SAMRC-WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nuala McGrath
- CHERISH programme, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Department of Social Statistics & Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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Li M, Li N. A study of the factors influencing HIV-preventive intentions among "hookup" application users. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1048226. [PMID: 36687841 PMCID: PMC9846252 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1048226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
"Hooking up" refers to the act of experiencing sexual intimacy with strangers without committing to a romantic relationship. Social media provide more convenient conditions for hooking up; however, it also poses a greater risk for HIV infection. Therefore, it is necessary to study the factors influencing the HIV-preventive intentions of those who engage in online dating to devise effective strategies for preventing the spread of HIV. This study consisted of a questionnaire that was distributed to 520 users of the Hello Group application. The survey results revealed that structural equation modeling is a useful framework for understanding the risk of HIV transmission in casual hookup encounters. In addition, combining the health belief model with the theory of planned behavior can provide recommendations for enhancing HIV-preventive intentions among users of dating applications. The results showed that mindfulness, the Chinese cultural context, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy were the main predictors of users' HIV-preventive intentions when using online dating applications. Among the perceived HIV risks, only perceived barriers had a negative effect on users' HIV-preventive intentions. In addition, attitude, subjective norms, and behavior control served as mediating variables between independent variables and HIV-preventive intentions; however, the mediating effect of attitude on perceived benefits and intentions was not significant. According to our study, some users misunderstand the risks and make incorrect assessments of the cultural risks of hooking up. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the research on the psychological tendencies of users and risk intervention when studying the concept of hooking up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Li
- College of Humanities and Development Studies, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Journalism and Communication, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Media and Communication, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, South Korea
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Shahani R, Asmi F, Ma J, Zawar A, Rufai OH, Muhideen S, Amosun TS, Jianxun C. How cyberchondria and decision self-efficacy shapes the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine: A gender-based comparison. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231185430. [PMID: 37744744 PMCID: PMC10515538 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231185430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Alarmingly, the individuals' reach and coverage to get vaccinated in developing regions during the pandemic is a massive challenge for concerned authorities. This study aimed to demonstrate how cyberchondria play a significant role in a classical health belief model. Cyberchondria may influence cognitive factors (e.g. self-efficacy), which may contribute to an increase in attitude-behavior gap. Especially in the context of a health-centric scenario, it may discourage individuals to take protective measures. Method By using the cross-sectional research design, the authors conducted a quantitative survey in Pakistan and collected 563 responses from 303 male respondents (rural = 91; urban = 212) with (Urban M:35.5, standard deviation (SD):13.4) and rural M:37.5, SD:8.4). Result The findings indicate that decision self-efficacy among males is stronger than that in females. It dominates other determinants, which can dampen the individuals' intentions to get vaccinated. For instance, the effect of conspiracies and perceived seriousness was noted nonsignificant and weak. In females, perceived seriousness was stronger determinant than in males. In addition, the negative effect of decision self-efficacy was noted in the case of females, and conspiracy and cyberchondria had a negative role. Conclusion This study highlights valuable implications for future research in infodemic, health communication and health literacy, and practical implications for regulatory bodies and public administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riffat Shahani
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fahad Asmi
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Hefei First People's Hospital, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Asma Zawar
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Sayibu Muhideen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Chu Jianxun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Stockman JK, Lucea MB, Cimino AN, Wood BA, Tsuyuki K, Granger DA, Campbell JC. Discrimination, resilience, and HIV testing frequency among black women seeking services from STD clinics. Soc Sci Med 2023; 316:115344. [PMID: 36115729 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE In the United States, Black women are disproportionately affected by HIV, accounting for most new HIV infections diagnosed among women. Socio-structural barriers to HIV testing include stigma and discrimination but may be mitigated by resilience. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the effect of discrimination and resilience on HIV testing behaviors among Black women. METHODS Between 2016 and 2018, we conducted The ESSENCE Project, a retrospective cohort study on the role of physiological and environmental factors on the association between sexual assault and HIV risk among Black women in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Black women aged 18-44 were recruited from public health STD clinics and completed an audio-computer-assisted self-interview survey. Hierarchical multiple negative binomial regression models were used to examine the associations of everyday discrimination (subtle and overt) and resilience on HIV testing frequency; resilience and its subscales (relational maintenance, personal fortitude, positive coping, independence and insight) were also examined as moderators. RESULTS Among 236 Black women reporting HIV testing history, the median number of lifetime HIV tests was 4 (IQR = 2, 6). Mean everyday discrimination was 2.3 (SD = 1.2). Mean resilience was 5.3 (SD = 0.8). Everyday discrimination and its subscales (overt and subtle) were negatively associated with lifetime HIV testing frequency, while overall resilience was not associated with lifetime HIV testing frequency. Accounting for demographics, overall resilience moderated the association of subtle discrimination and lifetime HIV testing frequency. For the resilience subscales, more specifically: (1) associations of subtle discrimination and HIV testing frequency were significant at the lowest relational maintenance and lowest positive coping resilience; and (2) the association of subtle discrimination and HIV testing frequency was significant at the highest resilience for all four subscales. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the need for provider- and community-level interventions addressing the deleterious effects of everyday discrimination and more specifically subtle everyday discrimination to encourage HIV testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila K Stockman
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0507, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | | | - Andrea N Cimino
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brittany A Wood
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0507, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kiyomi Tsuyuki
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0507, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Douglas A Granger
- School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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Akinyemi JO, Agunbiade MO, Salawu MM, Eniade OD, Yaya S, Fawole OI. Perceptions of COVID-19 transmission risk and testing readiness in rural Southwest Nigeria. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2022; 17:e01334. [PMID: 36060208 PMCID: PMC9423704 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although community screening and testing have been recommended by the World Health Organization, the extent of readiness and the associated factors among rural populations remain unknown. We investigated the factors associated with perception of the COVID-19 transmission risk and readiness for testing in rural areas of Southwest Nigeria. Using a multistage cluster sampling technique, cross-sectional data was collected from 922 adults aged 18 years and above who were resident in rural communities selected across three States in the Southwest region between June and August 2020. Descriptive statistics and binary logit models with robust standard errors were utilized for analysis. Mean age of respondents was 37.0 (SD = 15.8) years; 58.6% female; 46.5% had secondary education; and most were traders (33.2%) and artisans (29.9%). Only 149 respondents (16.2%) had a accurate perception of COVID-19 transmission risk. Adjusted logit models showed that independent factors associated with accurate perception of COVID-19 transmission risk include: age 18&19 years (OR = 0.50, CI: 0.34–0.73); exposure to electronic media (OR = 1.84, CI: 1.07–3.18); and being an in-migrant (OR = 3.38, CI: 2.44–4.68). Less than one-third (28.8%) were willing to test for COVID-19. Severe fear of COVID-19 (OR = 3.99, CI: 1.36–11.74) was associated with willingness to undergo COVID-19 testing. Socio-demographic predictors of testing readiness included: male sex (OR = 1.51, CI: 1.36–1.68); traditional religion (OR = 2.81, CI: 1.05–7.53); and exposure to electronic media (OR = 1.31, CI: 1.06–1.62). Awareness campaigns need to be scaled up to improve perception and preparedness to test for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua O Akinyemi
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
- Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Melvin O Agunbiade
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Mobolaji M Salawu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olanrewaju D Eniade
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sanni Yaya
- School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Olufunmilayo I Fawole
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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Hartsock JA, Head KJ, Kasting ML, Sturm L, Zimet G. Perceptions of the ethical permissibility of strict travel restrictions to mitigate transmission of SARS-CoV-2. TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH INTERDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES 2022; 14:100577. [PMID: 35252841 PMCID: PMC8885284 DOI: 10.1016/j.trip.2022.100577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although there has been extensive exploration of public opinion surrounding many non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) aimed at mitigating transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (e.g. mask-wearing and social distancing), there has been less discussion of the public's perception of the ethical appropriateness other NPIs. This paper presents the results of a survey of U.S. adults' opinions of the ethical permissibility of both state-to-state and international travel restrictions to mitigate transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Our research revealed overall high agreement with the ethical permissibility of both state-to-state and international travel restrictions, though we saw significant difference across political party affiliation and conservative/liberal ideologies. Other factors associated with agreement with state-to-state travel restrictions included increasing education, increasing income, and both high and low commitment altruism. When considering international travel restrictions, income, education, and low commitment altruism were associated with increased agreement with the ethical permissibility of international travel restrictions. Ethical analysis and implications are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane A Hartsock
- Clinical and Organizational Ethics - Indiana University Health Adjunct Assistant Professor, Medical Humanities and Health Studies - Indiana University School of Liberal Arts 1800 N. Capital Ave. Suite E644 Indianapolis IN 46202, United States
| | - Katharine J Head
- Department of Communication Studies, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis 450 University Blvd. Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Monica L Kasting
- Department of Public Health Purdue University 812 W. State Street, Room 216 West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Lynne Sturm
- Associate Professor of Clinical Pediatrics Indiana University School of Medicine 1002 Wishard Boulevard, Suite 3120 Indianapolis IN 46202, United States
| | - Gregory Zimet
- Professor of Pediatrics & Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine 410 W. 10 Street, Suite 1001 Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
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Sturm L, Kasting ML, Head KJ, Hartsock JA, Zimet GD. Influenza vaccination in the time of COVID-19: A national U.S. survey of adults. Vaccine 2021; 39:1921-1928. [PMID: 33715898 PMCID: PMC7931729 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Decisions about influenza vaccination for fall-winter 2020 were made against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic. During May 2020, the authors examined intended vaccination in the next 12 months in relationship to demographic variables, healthcare attitudes, and personal COVID-19 experiences for two samples of adults--those who did not receive influenza vaccine during the prior 12 months, and those who did. Methods In May 2020, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted with a national US sample. Participants reported prior influenza vaccination (yes/no during prior 12 months) and anticipated vaccination (yes/no during next 12 months). Covariates included demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, race-ethnicity, political ideology), general beliefs (e.g., benefits of vaccines, altruistic attitudes), and COVID-19 health beliefs and experiences (COVID-19 worry and severity, perception of COVID-19 as a community threat, knowing someone with COVID-19). For each group, hierarchical multivariable logistic regression was conducted with intent to vaccinate as the outcome. Results Among participants (n = 3502), 47% did not receive influenza vaccine in the prior 12 months and 53% had; 25.5% of non-vaccinators and 91.9% of vaccinators intended future vaccination. For non-vaccinators, odds of intending vaccination was associated with race/ethnicity (Hispanics were more likely to intend than white-NH; AOR = 1.74; 95% CI = 1.23–2.4), greater perceived benefits of vaccination (AOR = 2.19; 95% CI = 1.88–2.54), and perception of COVID-19 as a community threat (AOR = 1.91; 95% CI = 1.49–2.45). For vaccinators, odds of intending vaccination was associated with age (AOR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.03–1.05), race/ethnicity (Black-NH and Other-NH were less likely to intend than white-NH, AOR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.36–0.999; and AOR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.24–0.84, respectively), greater perceived benefits of vaccination (AOR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.45–2.45) and greater perception of collective benefits of vaccines (AOR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.15–1.90). Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic may have served as a cue to action for influenza vaccination intention among some prior non-vaccinators whereas intention among prior vaccinators is more related to positive attitudes toward vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Sturm
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Suite 3120 Riley Pediatric Care Center, 1002 Wishard Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Monica L Kasting
- Purdue University, Department of Public Health, Matthews Hall 216, 812 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Katharine J Head
- Indiana University, Purdue University Indianapolis, Department of Communication Studies, 307C Cavanaugh Hall, 425 University Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, 46202 USA.
| | - Jane A Hartsock
- Indiana University Health, 1800 N. Capitol Ave., Noyes Pavilion Suite E644, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Gregory D Zimet
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 410 W. 10th Street. Ste 1001, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Kasting ML, Head KJ, Hartsock JA, Sturm L, Zimet GD. Public perceptions of the effectiveness of recommended non-pharmaceutical intervention behaviors to mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241662. [PMID: 33147261 PMCID: PMC7641367 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented public health threat, both in scope and response. With no vaccine available, the public is advised to practice non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) including social distancing, mask-wearing, and washing hands. However, little is known about public perceptions of the effectiveness of these measures, and high perceived effectiveness is likely to be critical in order to achieve widespread adoption of NPI. Methods In May 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among U.S. adults (N = 3,474). The primary outcome was a six-item measure assessing perceived effectiveness of recommended behaviors to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection from 1 (not at all effective) to 5 (extremely effective). The sample was divided into “higher” and “lower” perceived effectiveness groups. Covariates included demographics, healthcare characteristics, and health beliefs. Variables that were significant at p<0.01 in bivariate analyses were entered into a multivariable logistic regression and a best-fit model was created using a cutoff of p<0.01 to stay in the model. Results Mean age was 45.5 years and most participants were non-Hispanic White (63%) and female (52.4%). The high perceived effectiveness group was slightly larger than the low perceived effectiveness group (52.7% vs. 47.3%). Almost all health belief variables were significant in the best-fit regression model. COVID-19-related worry (aOR = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.64–2.02), and perceived threat to physical health (aOR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.20–1.45) were positively associated with perceived effectiveness while perceived severity of COVID-19 (0.84; 95% CI = 0.73–0.96) and perceived likelihood of infection (0.85; 95% CI = 0.77–0.94) switched directions in the adjusted model and were negatively associated with perceived effectiveness. Conclusions This research indicates people generally believe NPI are effective, but there was variability based on health beliefs and there are mixed rates of engagement in these behaviors. Public health efforts should focus on increasing perceived severity and threat of SARS-CoV-2-related disease, while promoting NPI as effective in reducing threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L. Kasting
- Department of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Katharine J. Head
- Department of Communication Studies, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Jane A. Hartsock
- Department of Clinical and Organizational Ethics, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Center for Bioethics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Medical Humanities & Health Studies Program, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Lynne Sturm
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Gregory D. Zimet
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
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Head KJ, Kasting ML, Sturm LA, Hartsock JA, Zimet GD. A National Survey Assessing SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Intentions: Implications for Future Public Health Communication Efforts. SCIENCE COMMUNICATION 2020; 42:698-723. [PMID: 38602991 PMCID: PMC7520657 DOI: 10.1177/1075547020960463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
With SARS-CoV-2 vaccines under development, research is needed to assess intention to vaccinate. We conducted a survey (N = 3,159) with U.S. adults in May 2020 assessing SARS-CoV-2 vaccine intentions, intentions with a provider recommendation, and sociodemographic and psychosocial variables. Participants had high SARS-CoV-2 vaccine intentions (M = 5.23/7-point scale), which increased significantly with a provider recommendation (M = 5.47). Hierarchical linear regression showed that less education and working in health care were associated with lower intent, and liberal political views, altruism, and COVID-19-related health beliefs were associated with higher intent. This work can inform interventions to increase vaccine uptake, ultimately reducing COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine J Head
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Lynne A Sturm
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jane A Hartsock
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gregory D Zimet
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Tucker JA, Chandler SD, Cheong J. Predicting HIV testing in low threshold community contexts among young African American women living in the Southern United States. AIDS Care 2019; 32:175-181. [PMID: 31526051 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1668522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Southern U.S. African American women have disproportionately high HIV infection rates, and increasing HIV testing is a prevention priority. Research suggests that optimal testing conditions involve reaching out to community members and offering free tests in private, supportive contexts with minimal delays for results. These conditions were implemented with young African American women (N = 223, M age = 20.4 years) living in disadvantaged areas of a Southern U.S. city to identify participant characteristics associated with test choice. Participants were recruited using Respondent Driven Sampling. Structured field interviews assessed personal and social network characteristics, sexual practices, substance use, and behavioral impulsivity (assessed by a delay discounting task). A free HIV test was then offered, and test choice was the outcome variable. Testing was accepted by 69%, which exceeded the national lifetime test rate for this population by 7.4% (p < .05). All were sero-negative. Test refusal (31%) was associated with poorer educational performance, greater impulsivity (discounting), less social network encouragement to use birth control (ps < .05), and lower engagement in sexual risk behaviors (p < .10). Test choice did not differ by substance involvement. Thus, low threshold community testing promoted acceptance among this priority population, although a minority with specific characteristics likely need additional incentives for test acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalie A Tucker
- Department of Health Education & Behavior and Center for Behavioral Economic Health Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Susan D Chandler
- Department of Health Education & Behavior and Center for Behavioral Economic Health Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - JeeWon Cheong
- Department of Health Education & Behavior and Center for Behavioral Economic Health Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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