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Blakely WF, Port M, Ostheim P, Abend M. Radiation Research Society Journal-based Historical Review of the Use of Biomarkers for Radiation Dose and Injury Assessment: Acute Health Effects Predictions. Radiat Res 2024; 202:185-204. [PMID: 38936821 DOI: 10.1667/rade-24-00121.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
A multiple-parameter based approach using radiation-induced clinical signs and symptoms, hematology changes, cytogenetic chromosomal aberrations, and molecular biomarkers changes after radiation exposure is used for biodosimetry-based dose assessment. In the current article, relevant milestones from Radiation Research are documented that forms the basis of the current consensus approach for diagnostics after radiation exposure. For example, in 1962 the use of cytogenetic chromosomal aberration using the lymphocyte metaphase spread dicentric assay for biodosimetry applications was first published in Radiation Research. This assay is now complimented using other cytogenetic chromosomal aberration assays (i.e., chromosomal translocations, cytokinesis-blocked micronuclei, premature chromosome condensation, γ-H2AX foci, etc.). Changes in blood cell counts represent an early-phase biomarker for radiation exposures. Molecular biomarker changes have evolved to include panels of organ-specific plasma proteomic and blood-based gene expression biomarkers for radiation dose assessment. Maturation of these assays are shown by efforts for automated processing and scoring, development of point-of-care diagnostics devices, service laboratories inter-comparison exercises, and applications for dose and injury assessments in radiation accidents. An alternative and complementary approach has been advocated with the focus to de-emphasize "dose" and instead focus on predicting acute or delayed health effects. The same biomarkers used for dose estimation (e.g., lymphocyte counts) can be used to directly predict the later developing severity degree of acute health effects without performing dose estimation as an additional or intermediate step. This review illustrates contributing steps toward these developments published in Radiation Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- William F Blakely
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
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Brzóska K, Abend M, O'Brien G, Gregoire E, Port M, Badie C. Calibration curve for radiation dose estimation using FDXR gene expression biodosimetry - premises and pitfalls. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:1202-1212. [PMID: 38953870 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2373751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation-induced alterations in gene expression show great promise for dose reconstruction and for severity prediction of acute health effects. Among several genes explored as potential biomarkers, FDXR is widely used due to high upregulation in white blood cells following radiation exposure. Nonetheless, the absence of a standardized protocols for gene expression-based biodosimetry is a notable gap that warrants attention to enhance the accuracy, reproducibility and reliability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of transcriptional biodosimetry to differences in protocols used by different laboratories and establish guidelines for the calculation of calibration curve using FDXR expression data. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two sets of irradiated blood samples generated during RENEB exercise were used. The first included samples irradiated with known doses including: 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 Gy. The second set consisted of three 'blind' samples irradiated with 1.8 Gy, 0.4 Gy and a sham-irradiated sample. After irradiation, samples were incubated at 37 °C over 24 h and sent to participating laboratories, where RNA isolation and FDXR expression analysis by qPCR were performed using sets of primers/probes and reference genes specific for each laboratory. Calibration curves based on FDXR expression data were generated using non-linear and linear regression and used for dose estimation of 'blind' samples. RESULTS Dose estimates for sham-irradiated sample (0.020-0.024 Gy) and sample irradiated with 0.4 Gy (0.369-0.381 Gy) showed remarkable consistency across all laboratories, closely approximating the true doses regardless variation in primers/probes and reference genes used. For sample irradiated with 1.8 Gy the dose estimates were less precise (1.198-2.011 Gy) but remained within an acceptable margin for triage within the context of high dose range. CONCLUSION Methodological differences in reference genes and primers/probes used for FDXR expression measurement do not have a significant impact on the dose estimates generated, provided that all reference genes performed as expected and the primers/probes target a similar set of transcript variants. The preferred method for constructing a calibration curve based on FDXR expression data involves employing linear regression to establish a function that describes the relationship between the logarithm of absorbed dose and FDXR ΔCt values. However, one should be careful with using non-irradiated sample data as these cannot be accurately represented on a logarithmic scale. A standard curve generated using this approach can give reliable dose estimations in a dose range from 50 mGy to 4 Gy at least.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Brzóska
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Grainne O'Brien
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Oxfordshire, England
| | - Eric Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, SERAMED, LRAcc, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Oxfordshire, England
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Stewart S, Motzke S, Gärtner C, Bäumler W, Stroszczynski C, Port M, Abend M, Ostheim P. Development of a Point-of-Care Microfluidic RNA Extraction Slide for Gene Expression Diagnosis after Irradiation. Radiat Res 2024; 201:514-522. [PMID: 38514385 DOI: 10.1667/rade-23-00169.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
In times of war, radiological/nuclear emergency scenarios have become a reemphasized threat. However, there are challenges in transferring whole-blood samples to laboratories for specialized diagnostics using RNA. This project aims to miniaturize the process of unwieldy conventional RNA extraction with its stationed technical equipment using a microfluidic-based slide (MBS) for point-of-care diagnostics. The MBS is thought to be a preliminary step toward the development of a so-called lab-on-a-chip microfluidic device. A MBS would enable early and fast field care combined with gene expression (GE) analysis for the prediction of hematologic acute radiation syndrome (HARS) severity or identification of RNA microbes. Whole blood samples from ten healthy donors were irradiated with 0, 0.5 and 4 Gy, simulating different ARS severity degrees. RNA quality and quantity of a preliminary MBS was compared with a conventional column-based (CB) RNA extraction method. GE of four HARS severity-predicting radiation-induced genes (FDXR, DDB2, POU2AF1 and WNT3) was examined employing qRT-PCR. Compared to the CB method, twice as much total RNA from whole blood could be extracted using the MBS (6.6 ± 3.2 µg vs. 12.0 ± 5.8 µg) in half of the extraction time, and all MBS RNA extracts appeared DNA-free in contrast to the CB method (30% were contaminated with DNA). Using MBS, RNA quality [RNA integrity number equivalent (RINe)] values decreased about threefold (3.3 ± 0.8 vs. 9.0 ± 0.4), indicating severe RNA degradation, while expected high-quality RINe ≥ 8 were found using column-based method. However, normalized cycle threshold (Ct) values, as well as radiation-induced GE fold-changes appeared comparable for all genes utilizing both methods, indicating that no RNA degradation took place. In summary, the preliminary MBS showed promising features such as: 1. halving the RNA extraction time without the burden of heavy technical equipment (e.g., a centrifuge); 2. absence of DNA contamination in contrast to CB RNA extraction; 3. reduction in blood required, because of twice the biological output of RNA; and 4. equal GE performance compared to CB, thus, increasing its appeal for later semi-automatic parallel field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stewart
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 Munich, Germany
- Technical Univerisity Munich, Ismanninger Straße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - S Motzke
- Microfluidic ChipShop GmbH, Stockholmer Str. 20, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - C Gärtner
- Microfluidic ChipShop GmbH, Stockholmer Str. 20, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - W Bäumler
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Straße 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Stroszczynski
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Straße 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 Munich, Germany
| | - M Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 Munich, Germany
| | - P Ostheim
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Straße 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Schwanke D, Valente M, Ostheim P, Schüle S, Bobyk L, Drouet M, Riccobono D, Magné N, Daguenet E, Stewart SJ, Muhtadi R, Port M, Abend M. Validation of genes for H-ARS severity prediction in leukemia patients - interspecies comparison, challenges, and promises. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:527-540. [PMID: 38227483 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2295295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE In a previous baboon-study, a total of 29 genes were identified for clinical outcome prediction of the hematologic, acute, radiation, syndrome (H-ARS) severity. Among them, four genes (FDXR, DDB2, POU2AF1, WNT3) appeared promising and were validated in five leukemia patients. Within this study, we sought further in-vivo validation in a larger number of whole-body irradiated patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Peripheral blood was drawn from 10 leukemia patients before and up to 3 days during a fractionated (2 Gy/day) total-body irradiation (TBI) with 2-12Gy. After RNA-isolation, gene expression (GE) was evaluated on 31 genes widely used in biodosimetry and H-ARS prediction employing qRT-PCR. A customized low-density-array (LDA) allowed simultanously analyzing all genes, the 96-well format further examined the four most promising genes. Fold-changes (FC) in GE relative to pre-irradiation were calculated. RESULTS Five patients suffering from acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia (ALL) respectively non-Hodgkin-lymphoma (NHL) revealed sufficient RNA-amounts and corresponding lymphocyte and neutrophile counts for running qRT-PCR, while acute-myeloid-leukemia (AML) and one myelofibrosis patient could not supply enough RNA. Generally, 1-2µg total RNA was isolated, whereas up to 10-fold differences in RNA-quantities (associated suppressed GE-changes) were identified among pre-exposure and exposure samples. From 31 genes, 23 were expressed in at least one of the pre-exposure samples. Relative to pre-exposure, the number of expressed genes could halve at 48 and 72h after irradiation. Using the LDA, 13 genes were validated in human samples. The four most promising genes (vid. sup.) were either undetermined or too close to pre-exposure. However, they were measured using the more sensitive 96-well format, except WNT3, which wasn´t detectable. As in previous studies, an opposite regulation in GE for FDXR in leukemia patients (up-regulated) relative to baboons (down-regulated) was reconfirmed. Radiation-induced GE-changes of DDB2 (up-regulated) and POU2AF1 (down-regulated) behaved similarly in both species. Hence, 16 out of 23 genes of two species showed GE-changes in the same direction, and up-regulated FDXR as in human studies were revalidated. CONCLUSION Identified genes for H-ARS severity prediction, previously detected in baboons, were validated in ALL but not in AML patients. Limitations related to leukemia type, associated reduced RNA amounts, suppressed GE changes, and methodological challenges must be considered as factors negatively affecting the total number of validated genes. Based on that, we propose additional controls including blood cell counts and preferably fluorescence-based RNA quantity measurements for selecting promising samples and using a more sensitive 96-well format for candidate genes with low baseline copy numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Valente
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | | | - Simone Schüle
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Laure Bobyk
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Michel Drouet
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Diane Riccobono
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Nicolas Magné
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, Oullins, France
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lucien Neuwirth Institute, Saint Priest en Jarez, France
- Department of Radiotherapy, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Razan Muhtadi
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
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Li S, Cai TJ, Lu X, Tian M, Liu QJ. Effects of cyclophosphamide and mitomycin C on radiation-induced transcriptional biomarkers in human lymphoblastoid cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1948-1960. [PMID: 37530590 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2241907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ionizing radiation (IR)-induced transcriptional changes are considered a potential biodosimetry for dose evaluation and health risk monitoring of acute or chronic radiation exposure. It is crucial to understand the impact of confounding factors on the radiation-responsive gene expressions for accurate and reproducible dose assessment. This study aims to explore the potential influence of exposures to chemotherapeutic agents such as cyclophosphamide (CP) and mitomycin C (MMC) on IR-induced transcriptional biomarkers. METHODS The human B lymphoblastoid cells (AHH-1) were exposed to 0, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 μg/ml CP or 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 1 μg/ml MMC, respectively. The appropriate concentrations of CP and MMC were added for 1 h before irradiation with 0, 2, 4 and 6 Gy of 60Co γ-rays at a dose rate of 1 Gy/min. Cell viability was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. The gene expression responses of 18 radiation-induced transcriptional biomarkers were examined at 24 h after exposures to CP and MMC, respectively. The expression levels of five crucial DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) repair genes were also evaluated. The biodosimetry models were established based on the specific radiation-responsive gene combinations. RESULTS The baseline transcriptional levels of the 18 selected genes were slightly affected by CP treatment in the absence of IR, while the transcript responses to IR could be inhibited as the concentration of CP up to 50 μg/ml. MMC treatment up-regulated the background levels in most radiation-responsive gene expressions. Of 18 genes, only the relative mRNA expression levels of CDKN1A and BBC3 were repressed after treatment with IR and MMC in combination. The relative mRNA level of RAD51 was significantly up-regulated after exposure to CP, while the expression of FANCD2, RAD51 and BLM showed an overall increase in response to MMC treatment. After irradiation, the relative mRNA expression levels of FANCD2, BRCA2 and RAD51 exhibited dose-dependent increases in IR alone and MMC treatment groups. In addition, the biodosimetry models were established using 2-4 radiation-responsive genes based on different radiation exposure scenarios. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that IR-induced gene expression changes were slightly affected after exposure to a relatively low concentration of CP and MMC. Gene expression combinations might improve the broad applicability of transcriptional biodosimetry across diverse radiation exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Jing Cai
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xue Lu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Mei Tian
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Jie Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
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Bhagi S, Chandna S. A simplified protocol for gene expression-based biological dosimetry using peripheral whole blood. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1692-1701. [PMID: 37436720 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2231531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Assessing alterations in the expression of radiation-responsive genes in peripheral blood cells is considered a promising approach for high-throughput radiation biodosimetry. However, optimization of conditions for storage and transport of blood samples would be critical for obtaining reliable results. Recent studies involved the incubation of isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (in cell culture medium) and/or use of RNA stabilizing agents for sample storage, immediately after the ex vivo irradiation of whole blood. We used a simpler protocol by incubating undiluted peripheral whole blood without any RNA stabilizing agent, and studied the impact of storage temperature and incubation time on the expression levels of 19 known radiation responsive genes. MATERIALS & METHODS Peripheral whole blood was γ-irradiated ex vivo at room temperature at low (0.5 Gy), moderate (1 Gy, 2 Gy) and high (4 Gy) doses and immediately incubated at two different temperatures at 4 °C or 37 °C for 2h, 4h and 24 h. Using qRT-PCR, mRNA expression levels of CDKN1A, DDB2, GADD45A, FDXR, BAX, BBC3, MYC, PCNA, XPC, ZMAT3, AEN, TRIAP1, CCNG1, RPS27L, CD70, EI24, C12orf5, TNFRSF10B, ASCC3 were analyzed at respective time-points and compared with the sham-irradiated controls. RESULTS Transcriptional responses of all 19 genes did not alter significantly upon incubation of whole blood samples at 4 °C, as compared to untreated controls. However, incubation at 37 °C for 24 h resulted in significant radiation-induced overexpression in 14 out of the 19 genes analyzed (except CDKN1A, BBC3, MYC, CD 70 and EI24). Detailed patterns during incubation at 37 °C revealed time-dependent up-regulation of these genes, with DDB2 and FDXR showing significant up-regulation both at 4 and 24 h with the highest fold-change observed. CONCLUSION Overall, the undiluted whole blood incubated at 37 °C for 24 h was found to elicit most optimal transcriptional response in the genes studied, with most profound overexpression of DDB2 and FDXR. We propose that sample storage/transport/post-transit incubation at the physiological temperature for up to 24 h may enhance the sensitivity of gene expression based biodosimetry and facilitate its usage for triage application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchi Bhagi
- Division of Molecular & Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Sudhir Chandna
- Division of Molecular & Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi, 110054, India
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López-Riego M, Płódowska M, Lis-Zajęcka M, Jeziorska K, Tetela S, Węgierek-Ciuk A, Sobota D, Braziewicz J, Lundholm L, Lisowska H, Wojcik A. The DNA damage response to radiological imaging: from ROS and γH2AX foci induction to gene expression responses in vivo. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2023:10.1007/s00411-023-01033-4. [PMID: 37335333 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-023-01033-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Candidate ionising radiation exposure biomarkers must be validated in humans exposed in vivo. Blood from patients undergoing positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan (PET-CT) and skeletal scintigraphy (scintigraphy) was drawn before (0 h) and after (2 h) the procedure for correlation analyses of the response of selected biomarkers with radiation dose and other available patient information. FDXR, CDKN1A, BBC3, GADD45A, XPC, and MDM2 expression was determined by qRT-PCR, DNA damage (γH2AX) by flow cytometry, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by flow cytometry using the 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate test in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). For ROS experiments, 0- and 2-h samples were additionally exposed to UVA to determine whether diagnostic irradiation conditioned the response to further oxidative insult. With some exceptions, radiological imaging induced weak γH2AX foci, ROS and gene expression fold changes, the latter with good coherence across genes within a patient. Diagnostic imaging did not influence oxidative stress in PBMC successively exposed to UVA. Correlation analyses with patient characteristics led to low correlation coefficient values. γH2AX fold change, which correlated positively with gene expression, presented a weak positive correlation with injected activity, indicating a radiation-induced subtle increase in DNA damage and subsequent activation of the DNA damage response pathway. The exposure discrimination potential of these biomarkers in the absence of control samples as frequently demanded in radiological emergencies, was assessed using raw data. These results suggest that the variability of the response in heterogeneous populations might complicate identifying individuals exposed to low radiation doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagrosa López-Riego
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Magdalena Płódowska
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Milena Lis-Zajęcka
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Kamila Jeziorska
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Sylwia Tetela
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Aneta Węgierek-Ciuk
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Daniel Sobota
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Janusz Braziewicz
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine With Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Unit, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | - Lovisa Lundholm
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Halina Lisowska
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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Port M, Barquinero JF, Endesfelder D, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Terzoudi G, Trompier F, Vral A, Abe Y, Ainsbury L, Alkebsi L, Amundson S, Badie C, Baeyens A, Balajee A, Balázs K, Barnard S, Bassinet C, Beaton-Green L, Beinke C, Bobyk L, Brochard P, Brzoska K, Bucher M, Ciesielski B, Cuceu C, Discher M, D,Oca M, Domínguez I, Doucha-Senf S, Dumitrescu A, Duy P, Finot F, Garty G, Ghandhi S, Gregoire E, Goh V, Güçlü I, Hadjiiska L, Hargitai R, Hristova R, Ishii K, Kis E, Juniewicz M, Kriehuber R, Lacombe J, Lee Y, Lopez Riego M, Lumniczky K, Mai T, Maltar-Strmečki N, Marrale M, Martinez J, Marciniak A, Maznyk N, McKeever S, Meher P, Milanova M, Miura T, Gil OM, Montoro A, Domene MM, Mrozik A, Nakayama R, O’Brien G, Oskamp D, Ostheim P, Pajic J, Pastor N, Patrono C, Pujol-Canadell M, Rodriguez MP, Repin M, Romanyukha A, Rößler U, Sabatier L, Sakai A, Scherthan H, Schüle S, Seong K, Sevriukova O, Sholom S, Sommer S, Suto Y, Sypko T, Szatmári T, Takahashi-Sugai M, Takebayashi K, Testa A, Testard I, Tichy A, Triantopoulou S, Tsuyama N, Unverricht-Yeboah M, Valente M, Van Hoey O, Wilkins R, Wojcik A, Wojewodzka M, Younghyun L, Zafiropoulos D, Abend M. RENEB Inter-Laboratory Comparison 2021: Inter-Assay Comparison of Eight Dosimetry Assays. Radiat Res 2023; 199:535-555. [PMID: 37310880 PMCID: PMC10508307 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00207.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tools for radiation exposure reconstruction are required to support the medical management of radiation victims in radiological or nuclear incidents. Different biological and physical dosimetry assays can be used for various exposure scenarios to estimate the dose of ionizing radiation a person has absorbed. Regular validation of the techniques through inter-laboratory comparisons (ILC) is essential to guarantee high quality results. In the current RENEB inter-laboratory comparison, the performance quality of established cytogenetic assays [dicentric chromosome assay (DCA), cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN), stable chromosomal translocation assay (FISH) and premature chromosome condensation assay (PCC)] was tested in comparison to molecular biological assays [gamma-H2AX foci (gH2AX), gene expression (GE)] and physical dosimetry-based assays [electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optically or thermally stimulated luminescence (LUM)]. Three blinded coded samples (e.g., blood, enamel or mobiles) were exposed to 0, 1.2 or 3.5 Gy X-ray reference doses (240 kVp, 1 Gy/min). These doses roughly correspond to clinically relevant groups of unexposed to low exposed (0-1 Gy), moderately exposed (1-2 Gy, no severe acute health effects expected) and highly exposed individuals (>2 Gy, requiring early intensive medical care). In the frame of the current RENEB inter-laboratory comparison, samples were sent to 86 specialized teams in 46 organizations from 27 nations for dose estimation and identification of three clinically relevant groups. The time for sending early crude reports and more precise reports was documented for each laboratory and assay where possible. The quality of dose estimates was analyzed with three different levels of granularity, 1. by calculating the frequency of correctly reported clinically relevant dose categories, 2. by determining the number of dose estimates within the uncertainty intervals recommended for triage dosimetry (±0.5 Gy or ±1.0 Gy for doses <2.5 Gy or >2.5 Gy), and 3. by calculating the absolute difference (AD) of estimated doses relative to the reference doses. In total, 554 dose estimates were submitted within the 6-week period given before the exercise was closed. For samples processed with the highest priority, earliest dose estimates/categories were reported within 5-10 h of receipt for GE, gH2AX, LUM, EPR, 2-3 days for DCA, CBMN and within 6-7 days for the FISH assay. For the unirradiated control sample, the categorization in the correct clinically relevant group (0-1 Gy) as well as the allocation to the triage uncertainty interval was, with the exception of a few outliers, successfully performed for all assays. For the 3.5 Gy sample the percentage of correct classifications to the clinically relevant group (≥2 Gy) was between 89-100% for all assays, with the exception of gH2AX. For the 1.2 Gy sample, an exact allocation to the clinically relevant group was more difficult and 0-50% or 0-48% of the estimates were wrongly classified into the lowest or highest dose categories, respectively. For the irradiated samples, the correct allocation to the triage uncertainty intervals varied considerably between assays for the 1.2 Gy (29-76%) and 3.5 Gy (17-100%) samples. While a systematic shift towards higher doses was observed for the cytogenetic-based assays, extreme outliers exceeding the reference doses 2-6 fold were observed for EPR, FISH and GE assays. These outliers were related to a particular material examined (tooth enamel for EPR assay, reported as kerma in enamel, but when converted into the proper quantity, i.e. to kerma in air, expected dose estimates could be recalculated in most cases), the level of experience of the teams (FISH) and methodological uncertainties (GE). This was the first RENEB ILC where everything, from blood sampling to irradiation and shipment of the samples, was organized and realized at the same institution, for several biological and physical retrospective dosimetry assays. Almost all assays appeared comparably applicable for the identification of unexposed and highly exposed individuals and the allocation of medical relevant groups, with the latter requiring medical support for the acute radiation scenario simulated in this exercise. However, extreme outliers or a systematic shift of dose estimates have been observed for some assays. Possible reasons will be discussed in the assay specific papers of this special issue. In summary, this ILC clearly demonstrates the need to conduct regular exercises to identify research needs, but also to identify technical problems and to optimize the design of future ILCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - J. Moquet
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Division, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - G. Terzoudi
- National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Laboratory, Agia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - F. Trompier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - A. Vral
- Ghent University, Radiobiology Research Unit, Gent, Belgium
| | - Y. Abe
- Department of Radiation Biology and Protection, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - L. Ainsbury
- UK Health Security Agency and Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, Oxfordshire, England
| | - L Alkebsi
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - S.A. Amundson
- Columbia University, Irving Medical Center, Center for Radiological Research, New York, New York
| | - C. Badie
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Division, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - A. Baeyens
- Ghent University, Radiobiology Research Unit, Gent, Belgium
| | - A.S. Balajee
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - K. Balázs
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S. Barnard
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Division, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - C. Bassinet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | | | - C. Beinke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - L. Bobyk
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Bretigny Sur Orge, France
| | | | - K. Brzoska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Bucher
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - B. Ciesielski
- Medical University of Gdansk, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Gdansk, Poland
| | - C. Cuceu
- Genevolution, Porcheville, France
| | - M. Discher
- Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Department of Environment and Biodiversity, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - M.C. D,Oca
- Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica “Emilio Segrè,” Palermo, Italy
| | - I. Domínguez
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Biología Celular, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - A. Dumitrescu
- National Institute of Public Health, Radiation Hygiene Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania
| | - P.N. Duy
- Dalat Nuclear Research Institute, Radiation Technlogy & Biotechnology Center, Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - F. Finot
- Genevolution, Porcheville, France
| | - G. Garty
- Columbia University, Irving Medical Center, Center for Radiological Research, New York, New York
| | - S.A. Ghandhi
- Columbia University, Irving Medical Center, Center for Radiological Research, New York, New York
| | - E. Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - V.S.T. Goh
- Department of Radiobiology, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative (SNRSI), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - I. Güçlü
- TENMAK, Nuclear Energy Research Institute, Technology Development and Nuclear Research Department, Türkey
| | - L. Hadjiiska
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - R. Hargitai
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - R. Hristova
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - K. Ishii
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - E. Kis
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - M. Juniewicz
- Medical University of Gdansk, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Gdansk, Poland
| | - R. Kriehuber
- Department of Safety and Radiation Protection, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - J. Lacombe
- University of Arizona, Center for Applied Nanobioscience & Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Y. Lee
- Laboratory of Biological Dosimetry, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - K. Lumniczky
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T.T. Mai
- Dalat Nuclear Research Institute, Radiation Technlogy & Biotechnology Center, Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - N. Maltar-Strmečki
- Ruðer Boškovic Institute, Division of Physical Chemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M. Marrale
- Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica “Emilio Segrè,” Palermo, Italy
| | - J.S. Martinez
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - A. Marciniak
- Medical University of Gdansk, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Gdansk, Poland
| | - N. Maznyk
- Radiation Cytogenetics Laboratory, S.P. Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology of Ukrainian National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - S.W.S. McKeever
- Radiation Dosimetry Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | | | - M. Milanova
- University of Defense, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - T. Miura
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - O. Monteiro Gil
- Instituto Superior Técnico/ Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A. Montoro
- Servicio de Protección Radiológica. Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica, Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Moreno Domene
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Laboratorio de dosimetría biológica, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Mrozik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - R. Nakayama
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - G. O’Brien
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Division, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - D. Oskamp
- Department of Safety and Radiation Protection, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - P. Ostheim
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - J. Pajic
- Serbian Institute of Occupational Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - N. Pastor
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Biología Celular, Sevilla, Spain
| | - C. Patrono
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Rome, Italy
| | | | - M.J. Prieto Rodriguez
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Laboratorio de dosimetría biológica, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Repin
- Columbia University, Irving Medical Center, Center for Radiological Research, New York, New York
| | | | - U. Rößler
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | | | - A. Sakai
- Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - H. Scherthan
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - S. Schüle
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - K.M. Seong
- Laboratory of Biological Dosimetry, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - S. Sholom
- Radiation Dosimetry Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - S. Sommer
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Y. Suto
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - T. Sypko
- Radiation Cytogenetics Laboratory, S.P. Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology of Ukrainian National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - T. Szatmári
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - M. Takahashi-Sugai
- Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - K. Takebayashi
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - A. Testa
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Rome, Italy
| | - I. Testard
- CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - A. Tichy
- University of Defense, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - S. Triantopoulou
- National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Laboratory, Agia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - N. Tsuyama
- Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - M. Unverricht-Yeboah
- Department of Safety and Radiation Protection, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - M. Valente
- CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - O. Van Hoey
- Belgian Nuclear Research Center SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | | | - A. Wojcik
- Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Wojewodzka
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lee Younghyun
- Laboratory of Biological Dosimetry, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Zafiropoulos
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Legnaro, Italy
| | - M. Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
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9
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Abend M, Amundson S, Badie C, Brzoska K, Kriehuber R, Lacombe J, Lopez-Riego M, Lumniczky K, Endesfelder D, O’Brien G, Doucha-Senf S, Ghandhi S, Hargitai R, Kis E, Lundholm L, Oskamp D, Ostheim P, Schüle S, Schwanke D, Shuryak I, Siebenwith C, Unverricht-Yeboah M, Wojcik A, Yang J, Zenhausern F, Port M. RENEB Inter-Laboratory Comparison 2021: The Gene Expression Assay. Radiat Res 2023; 199:598-615. [PMID: 37057982 PMCID: PMC11106736 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00206.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Early and high-throughput individual dose estimates are essential following large-scale radiation exposure events. In the context of the Running the European Network for Biodosimetry and Physical Dosimetry (RENEB) 2021 exercise, gene expression assays were conducted and their corresponding performance for dose-assessment is presented in this publication. Three blinded, coded whole blood samples from healthy donors were exposed to 0, 1.2 and 3.5 Gy X-ray doses (240 kVp, 1 Gy/min) using the X-ray source Yxlon. These exposures correspond to clinically relevant groups of unexposed, low dose (no severe acute health effects expected) and high dose exposed individuals (requiring early intensive medical health care). Samples were sent to eight teams for dose estimation and identification of clinically relevant groups. For quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and microarray analyses, samples were lysed, stored at 20°C and shipped on wet ice. RNA isolations and assays were run in each laboratory according to locally established protocols. The time-to-result for both rough early and more precise later reports has been documented where possible. Accuracy of dose estimates was calculated as the difference between estimated and reference doses for all doses (summed absolute difference, SAD) and by determining the number of correctly reported dose estimates that were defined as ±0.5 Gy for reference doses <2.5 Gy and ±1.0 Gy for reference doses >3 Gy, as recommended for triage dosimetry. We also examined the allocation of dose estimates to clinically/diagnostically relevant exposure groups. Altogether, 105 dose estimates were reported by the eight teams, and the earliest report times on dose categories and estimates were 5 h and 9 h, respectively. The coefficient of variation for 85% of all 436 qRT-PCR measurements did not exceed 10%. One team reported dose estimates that systematically deviated several-fold from reported dose estimates, and these outliers were excluded from further analysis. Teams employing a combination of several genes generated about two-times lower median SADs (0.8 Gy) compared to dose estimates based on single genes only (1.7 Gy). When considering the uncertainty intervals for triage dosimetry, dose estimates of all teams together were correctly reported in 100% of the 0 Gy, 50% of the 1.2 Gy and 50% of the 3.5 Gy exposed samples. The order of dose estimates (from lowest to highest) corresponding to three dose categories (unexposed, low dose and highest exposure) were correctly reported by all teams and all chosen genes or gene combinations. Furthermore, if teams reported no exposure or an exposure >3.5 Gy, it was always correctly allocated to the unexposed and the highly exposed group, while low exposed (1.2 Gy) samples sometimes could not be discriminated from highly (3.5 Gy) exposed samples. All teams used FDXR and 78.1% of correct dose estimates used FDXR as one of the predictors. Still, the accuracy of reported dose estimates based on FDXR differed considerably among teams with one team's SAD (0.5 Gy) being comparable to the dose accuracy employing a combination of genes. Using the workflow of this reference team, we performed additional experiments after the exercise on residual RNA and cDNA sent by six teams to the reference team. All samples were processed similarly with the intention to improve the accuracy of dose estimates when employing the same workflow. Re-evaluated dose estimates improved for half of the samples and worsened for the others. In conclusion, this inter-laboratory comparison exercise enabled (1) identification of technical problems and corrections in preparations for future events, (2) confirmed the early and high-throughput capabilities of gene expression, (3) emphasized different biodosimetry approaches using either only FDXR or a gene combination, (4) indicated some improvements in dose estimation with FDXR when employing a similar methodology, which requires further research for the final conclusion and (5) underlined the applicability of gene expression for identification of unexposed and highly exposed samples, supporting medical management in radiological or nuclear scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - S.A. Amundson
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Center for Radiological Research, New York, New York
| | - C. Badie
- UK Health Security Agency and Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Oxfordshire, England
| | - K. Brzoska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R. Kriehuber
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Department of Safety and Radiation Protection, Jülich, Germany
| | - J. Lacombe
- University of Arizona, Center for Applied Nanobioscience & Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - M. Lopez-Riego
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K. Lumniczky
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - D. Endesfelder
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - G. O’Brien
- UK Health Security Agency and Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Oxfordshire, England
| | | | - S.A. Ghandhi
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Center for Radiological Research, New York, New York
| | - R. Hargitai
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E. Kis
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L. Lundholm
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D. Oskamp
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Department of Safety and Radiation Protection, Jülich, Germany
| | - P. Ostheim
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - S. Schüle
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - D. Schwanke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - I. Shuryak
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Center for Radiological Research, New York, New York
| | - C. Siebenwith
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M. Unverricht-Yeboah
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Department of Safety and Radiation Protection, Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Wojcik
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J. Yang
- University of Arizona, Center for Applied Nanobioscience & Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - F. Zenhausern
- University of Arizona, Center for Applied Nanobioscience & Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - M. Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
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10
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Kannan N, Koshy T, Raavi V, Bhaskar E, Moorthy S, Pulivadula Mohanarangam VS, Srinivas Kondaveeti S, Visweswaran S, Perumal V. Candidate Gene Expression in Regional Population and Its Relevance for Radiation Triage. Cytogenet Genome Res 2023; 163:210-222. [PMID: 37253332 DOI: 10.1159/000531258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantification of gene expression signatures has been substantiated as a potential and rapid marker for radiation triage and biodosimetry during nuclear emergencies. Similar to the established biodosimetry assays, the gene expression assay has drawbacks such as being highly dynamic and transient, not specific to ionizing radiation, and also influenced by confounding factors such as gender, health status, lifestyle, and inflammation. In view of that, prior knowledge of baseline expression of certain candidate genes in a population could complement the discrimination of the unexposed from the exposed individuals without the need for individual pre-exposure controls. We intended to establish a baseline expression of reported radiation-responsive genes such as CDKN1A, DDB2, FDXR, and PCNA in the blood samples of healthy human participants and then compare it with diabetic/hypertension participants (as a chronic inflammatory condition) drawn from south Indian population. Further, we have examined the appropriateness of the assay for radiation triage-like situations; i.e., the expression profiles of those genes were examined in the participants who underwent X-ray-based medical imaging. Acute inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide exposure in the blood significantly increased the fold expression of those genes (p < 0.0001) compared to the control. Whereas the basal expression level of those genes among the participants with the inflammatory condition is marginally higher than those observed in the healthy participants; despite the excess, the fold increase in those genes between the groups did not differ significantly. Consistent with the inflammatory participants, the basal expression level of those genes in the blood sample of participants who received X-radiation during neuro-interventional and computed tomography imaging is marginally higher than those observed in the pre-exposure of respective groups. Nevertheless, the fold increase in those genes did not differ significantly as the fold change fell within the two folds. Thus, overall results suggest that the utility of CDKN1A, DDB2, FDXR, and PCNA gene expression for radiation triage specific after very low-dose radiation exposure needs to be interpreted with caution for a much more reliable triage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandhini Kannan
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Chennai, India
| | - Teena Koshy
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Chennai, India
| | - Venkateswarlu Raavi
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Kolar, India
| | - Emmanuel Bhaskar
- Department of General Medicine, SRMC&RI, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Chennai, India
| | - Swathy Moorthy
- Department of General Medicine, SRMC&RI, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Chennai, India
| | - Venkata Sai Pulivadula Mohanarangam
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, SRMC&RI, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Chennai, India
| | - Satish Srinivas Kondaveeti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, SRMC&RI, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Chennai, India
| | - Shangamithra Visweswaran
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Chennai, India
| | - Venkatachalam Perumal
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Chennai, India
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11
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Schüle S, Gluzman-Poltorak Z, Vainstein V, Basile LA, Haimerl M, Stroszczynski C, Majewski M, Schwanke D, Port M, Abend M, Ostheim P. Gene Expression Changes in a Prefinal Health Stage of Lethally Irradiated Male and Female Rhesus Macaques. Radiat Res 2023; 199:17-24. [PMID: 36445953 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00083.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced gene expression (GE) changes can be used for early and high-throughput biodosimetry within the first three days postirradiation. However, is the method applicable in situations such as the Alexander Litvinenko case or the Goiania accident, where diagnosis occurred in a prefinal health stage? We aimed to characterize gene expression changes in a prefinal health stage of lethally irradiated male and female rhesus macaques. Peripheral blood was drawn pre-exposure and at the prefinal stage of male and female animals, which did not survive whole-body exposure with 700 cGy (LD66/60). RNA samples originated from a blinded randomized Good Laboratory Practice study comprising altogether 142 irradiated rhesus macaques of whom 60 animals and blood samples (15 samples for both time points and sexes) were used for this analysis. We evaluated GE on 34 genes widely used in biodosimetry and prediction of the hematological acute radiation syndrome severity (H-ARS) employing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). These genes were run in duplicate and triplicate and altogether 96 measurements per time point and sex could be performed. In addition, 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was measured to depict the ribosome/transcriptome status as well as for normalization purposes and 16S rRNA was evaluated as a surrogate for bacteremia. Mean differential gene expression (DGE) was calculated for each gene and sex including all replicate measurements and using pre-exposure samples as the reference. From 34 genes, altogether 27 genes appeared expressed. Pre-exposure samples revealed no signs of bacteremia and 18S rRNA GE was in the normal range in all 30 samples. Regarding prefinal samples, 46.7% and 40% of animals appeared infected in females and males, respectively, and for almost all males this was associated with out of normal range 18S rRNA values. The total number of detectable GE measurements was sixfold (females) and 15-fold (males) reduced in prefinal relative to pre-exposure samples and about tenfold lower in 80% of prefinal compared to pre-exposure samples (P < 0.0001). An overall 11-fold (median) downregulation in prefinal compared to pre-exposure samples was identified for most of the 27 genes and even FDXR appeared 4-14-fold downregulated in contrast to a pronounced up-regulation according to cited work. This pattern of overall downregulation of almost all genes and the rapid reduction of detectable genes at a prefinal stage was found in uninfected animals with normal range 18S rRNA as well. In conclusion, in a prefinal stage after lethal radiation exposure, the ribosome/transcriptome status remains present (based on normal range 18S rRNA values) in 60-67% of animals, but the whole transcriptome activity in general appears silenced and cannot be used for biodosimetry purposes, but probably as an indicator for an emerging prefinal health stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schüle
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Z Gluzman-Poltorak
- Neumedicines Inc, Pasadena, California.,Applied Stem Cell Therapeutics, Milpitas, California
| | - V Vainstein
- Neumedicines Inc, Pasadena, California.,Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - M Haimerl
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Stroszczynski
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Majewski
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany.,Department of Urology, Armed Services Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - D Schwanke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany.,Department of Urology, Armed Services Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - M Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - P Ostheim
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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12
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Schüle S, Ostheim P, Port M, Abend M. Identifying radiation responsive exon-regions of genes often used for biodosimetry and acute radiation syndrome prediction. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9545. [PMID: 35680903 PMCID: PMC9184472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression (GE) analysis of FDXR, DDB2, WNT3 and POU2AF1 is a promising approach for identification of clinically relevant groups (unexposed, low- and high exposed) after radiological/nuclear events. However, results from international biodosimetry exercises have shown differences in dose estimates based on radiation-induced GE of the four genes. Also, differences in GE using next-generation-sequening (NGS) and validation with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was reported. These discrepancies could be caused by radiation-responsive differences among exons of the same gene. We performed GE analysis with qRT-PCR using TaqMan-assays covering all exon-regions of FDXR, DDB2, WNT3 and POU2AF1. Peripheral whole blood from three healthy donors was X-irradiated with 0, 0.5 and 4 Gy. After 24 and 48 h a dose-dependent up-regulation across almost all exon-regions for FDXR and DDB2 (4–42-fold) was found. A down-regulation for POU2AF1 (two- to threefold) and WNT3 (< sevenfold) at the 3’-end was found at 4 Gy irradiation only. Hence, this confirms our hypothesis for radiation-responsive exon-regions for WNT3 and POU2AF1, but not for FDXR and DDB2. Finally, we identified the most promising TaqMan-assays for FDXR (e.g. AR7DTG3, Hs00244586_m1), DDB2 (AR47X6H, Hs03044951_m1), WNT3 (Hs00902258_m1, Hs00902257_m1) and POU2AF1 (Hs01573370_g1, Hs01573371_m1) for biodosimetry purposes and acute radiation syndrome prediction, considering several criteria (detection limit, dose dependency, time persistency, inter-individual variability).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Schüle
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology Affiliated to the University Ulm, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick Ostheim
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology Affiliated to the University Ulm, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology Affiliated to the University Ulm, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology Affiliated to the University Ulm, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937, Munich, Germany.
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13
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Transcriptional Dynamics of DNA Damage Responsive Genes in Circulating Leukocytes during Radiotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112649. [PMID: 35681629 PMCID: PMC9179543 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this study, the transcriptional response of a panel of radiation responsive genes was monitored over time in blood samples after radiation exposure in vivo. For this aim, cancer patients treated by radiotherapy were recruited after consent forms were obtained. Following the first fraction of radiotherapy, 2 mL blood samples were collected at different time points during the first 24h hours (before the second fraction was delivered) and at mid and end of treatment. Amongst the 9 genes studied, the gene FDXR stood out as the most sensitive and responsive to the low dose of radiation received from the localised radiation treatment by the circulating white blood cells. The activation of FDXR was found to depend on the volume of the body exposed with a peak of expression around 8–9 hours after irradiation was delivered. Finally results obtained ex vivo confirmed the results obtained in vivo. Abstract External beam radiation therapy leads to cellular activation of the DNA damage response (DDR). DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) activate the ATM/CHEK2/p53 pathway, inducing the transcription of stress genes. The dynamic nature of this transcriptional response has not been directly observed in vivo in humans. In this study we monitored the messenger RNA transcript abundances of nine DNA damage-responsive genes (CDKN1A, GADD45, CCNG1, FDXR, DDB2, MDM2, PHPT1, SESN1, and PUMA), eight of them regulated by p53 in circulating blood leukocytes at different time points (2, 6–8, 16–18, and 24 h) in cancer patients (lung, neck, brain, and pelvis) undergoing radiotherapy. We discovered that, although the calculated mean physical dose to the blood was very low (0.038–0.169 Gy), an upregulation of Ferredoxin reductase (FDXR) gene transcription was detectable 2 h after exposure and was dose dependent from the lowest irradiated percentage of the body (3.5% whole brain) to the highest, (up to 19.4%, pelvic zone) reaching a peak at 6–8 h. The radiation response of the other genes was not strong enough after such low doses to provide meaningful information. Following multiple fractions, the expression level increased further and was still significantly up-regulated by the end of the treatment. Moreover, we compared FDXR transcriptional responses to ionizing radiation (IR) in vivo with healthy donors’ blood cells exposed ex vivo and found a good correlation in the kinetics of expression from the 8-hours time-point onward, suggesting that a molecular transcriptional regulation mechanism yet to be identified is involved. To conclude, we provided the first in vivo human report of IR-induced gene transcription temporal response of a panel of p53-dependant genes. FDXR was demonstrated to be the most responsive gene, able to reliably inform on the low doses following partial body irradiation of the patients, and providing an expression pattern corresponding to the % of body exposed. An extended study would provide individual biological dosimetry information and may reveal inter-individual variability to predict radiotherapy-associated adverse health outcomes.
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14
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Abend M, Blakely WF, Ostheim P, Schuele S, Port M. Early molecular markers for retrospective biodosimetry and prediction of acute health effects. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2022; 42:010503. [PMID: 34492641 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac2434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced biological changes occurring within hours and days after irradiation can be potentially used for either exposure reconstruction (retrospective dosimetry) or the prediction of consecutively occurring acute or chronic health effects. The advantage of molecular protein or gene expression (GE) (mRNA) marker lies in their capability for early (1-3 days after irradiation), high-throughput and point-of-care diagnosis, required for the prediction of the acute radiation syndrome (ARS) in radiological or nuclear scenarios. These molecular marker in most cases respond differently regarding exposure characteristics such as e.g. radiation quality, dose, dose rate and most importantly over time. Changes over time are in particular challenging and demand certain strategies to deal with. With this review, we provide an overview and will focus on already identified and used mRNA GE and protein markers of the peripheral blood related to the ARS. These molecules are examined in light of 'ideal' characteristics of a biomarkers (e.g. easy accessible, early response, signal persistency) and the validation degree. Finally, we present strategies on the use of these markers considering challenges as their variation over time and future developments regarding e.g. origin of samples, point of care and high-throughput diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - W F Blakely
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - P Ostheim
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - S Schuele
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
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15
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A 4-Gene Signature of CDKN1, FDXR, SESN1 and PCNA Radiation Biomarkers for Prediction of Patient Radiosensitivity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910607. [PMID: 34638945 PMCID: PMC8508881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest for the discovery and validation of radiosensitivity biomarkers is ongoing and while conventional bioassays are well established as biomarkers, molecular advances have unveiled new emerging biomarkers. Herein, we present the validation of a new 4-gene signature panel of CDKN1, FDXR, SESN1 and PCNA previously reported to be radiation-responsive genes, using the conventional G2 chromosomal radiosensitivity assay. Radiation-induced G2 chromosomal radiosensitivity at 0.05 Gy and 0.5 Gy IR is presented for a healthy control (n = 45) and a prostate cancer (n = 14) donor cohort. For the prostate cancer cohort, data from two sampling time points (baseline and Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT)) is provided, and a significant difference (p > 0.001) between 0.05 Gy and 0.5 Gy was evident for all donor cohorts. Selected donor samples from each cohort also exposed to 0.05 Gy and 0.5 Gy IR were analysed for relative gene expression of the 4-gene signature. In the healthy donor cohort, there was a significant difference in gene expression between IR dose for CDKN1, FXDR and SESN1 but not PCNA and no significant difference found between all prostate cancer donors, unless they were classified as radiation-induced G2 chromosomal radiosensitive. Interestingly, ADT had an effect on radiation response for some donors highlighting intra-individual heterogeneity of prostate cancer donors.
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16
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Endesfelder D, Oestreicher U, Kulka U, Ainsbury EA, Moquet J, Barnard S, Gregoire E, Martinez JS, Trompier F, Ristic Y, Woda C, Waldner L, Beinke C, Vral A, Barquinero JF, Hernandez A, Sommer S, Lumniczky K, Hargitai R, Montoro A, Milic M, Monteiro Gil O, Valente M, Bobyk L, Sevriukova O, Sabatier L, Prieto MJ, Moreno Domene M, Testa A, Patrono C, Terzoudi G, Triantopoulou S, Histova R, Wojcik A. RENEB/EURADOS field exercise 2019: robust dose estimation under outdoor conditions based on the dicentric chromosome assay. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:1181-1198. [PMID: 34138666 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1941380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Biological and/or physical assays for retrospective dosimetry are valuable tools to recover the exposure situation and to aid medical decision making. To further validate and improve such biological and physical assays, in 2019, EURADOS Working Group 10 and RENEB performed a field exercise in Lund, Sweden, to simulate various real-life exposure scenarios. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the dicentric chromosome assay (DCA), blood tubes were located at anthropomorphic phantoms positioned in different geometries and were irradiated with a 1.36 TBq 192Ir-source. For each exposure condition, dose estimates were provided by at least one laboratory and for four conditions by 17 participating RENEB laboratories. Three radio-photoluminescence glass dosimeters were placed at each tube to assess reference doses. RESULTS The DCA results were homogeneous between participants and matched well with the reference doses (≥95% of estimates within ±0.5 Gy of the reference). For samples close to the source systematic underestimation could be corrected by accounting for exposure time. Heterogeneity within and between tubes was detected for reference doses as well as for DCA doses estimates. CONCLUSIONS The participants were able to successfully estimate the doses and to provide important information on the exposure scenarios under conditions closely resembling a real-life situation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ulrike Kulka
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Eric Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Juan S Martinez
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - François Trompier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Yoann Ristic
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Clemens Woda
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lovisa Waldner
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Anne Vral
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Joan-Francesc Barquinero
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alfredo Hernandez
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Independent Researcher, London, UK
| | | | - Katalin Lumniczky
- Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Unit of Radiation Medicine, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Hargitai
- Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Unit of Radiation Medicine, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alegría Montoro
- Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica, Servicio de Protección Radiológica Hospital, Universitario Politécnico la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mirta Milic
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health Mutagenesis Unit, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Octávia Monteiro Gil
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marco Valente
- Department of Radiation Biological, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Laure Bobyk
- Department of Radiation Biological, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Olga Sevriukova
- Department of Expertise and Exposure Monitoring, Radiation Protection Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Laure Sabatier
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Graduate School Life Science and Health, Université Paris, Saclay, France
| | - María Jesús Prieto
- Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Moreno Domene
- Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonella Testa
- Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, L'energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - Clarice Patrono
- Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, L'energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgia Terzoudi
- Health Physics, Radiobiology and Cytogenetics Laboratory, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Sotiria Triantopoulou
- Health Physics, Radiobiology and Cytogenetics Laboratory, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Rositsa Histova
- Department of Radiobiology, National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden
- Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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17
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Inter-laboratory comparison of gene expression biodosimetry for protracted radiation exposures as part of the RENEB and EURADOS WG10 2019 exercise. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9756. [PMID: 33963206 PMCID: PMC8105310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-scale radiation emergency scenarios involving protracted low dose rate radiation exposure (e.g. a hidden radioactive source in a train) necessitate the development of high throughput methods for providing rapid individual dose estimates. During the RENEB (Running the European Network of Biodosimetry) 2019 exercise, four EDTA-blood samples were exposed to an Iridium-192 source (1.36 TBq, Tech-Ops 880 Sentinal) at varying distances and geometries. This resulted in protracted doses ranging between 0.2 and 2.4 Gy using dose rates of 1.5-40 mGy/min and exposure times of 1 or 2.5 h. Blood samples were exposed in thermo bottles that maintained temperatures between 39 and 27.7 °C. After exposure, EDTA-blood samples were transferred into PAXGene tubes to preserve RNA. RNA was isolated in one laboratory and aliquots of four blinded RNA were sent to another five teams for dose estimation based on gene expression changes. Using an X-ray machine, samples for two calibration curves (first: constant dose rate of 8.3 mGy/min and 0.5-8 h varying exposure times; second: varying dose rates of 0.5-8.3 mGy/min and 4 h exposure time) were generated for distribution. Assays were run in each laboratory according to locally established protocols using either a microarray platform (one team) or quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR, five teams). The qRT-PCR measurements were highly reproducible with coefficient of variation below 15% in ≥ 75% of measurements resulting in reported dose estimates ranging between 0 and 0.5 Gy in all samples and in all laboratories. Up to twofold reductions in RNA copy numbers per degree Celsius relative to 37 °C were observed. However, when irradiating independent samples equivalent to the blinded samples but increasing the combined exposure and incubation time to 4 h at 37 °C, expected gene expression changes corresponding to the absorbed doses were observed. Clearly, time and an optimal temperature of 37 °C must be allowed for the biological response to manifest as gene expression changes prior to running the gene expression assay. In conclusion, dose reconstructions based on gene expression measurements are highly reproducible across different techniques, protocols and laboratories. Even a radiation dose of 0.25 Gy protracted over 4 h (1 mGy/min) can be identified. These results demonstrate the importance of the incubation conditions and time span between radiation exposure and measurements of gene expression changes when using this method in a field exercise or real emergency situation.
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18
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Cruz-Garcia L, Badie C, Anbalagan S, Moquet J, Gothard L, O'Brien G, Somaiah N, Ainsbury EA. An ionising radiation-induced specific transcriptional signature of inflammation-associated genes in whole blood from radiotherapy patients: a pilot study. Radiat Oncol 2021; 16:83. [PMID: 33941218 PMCID: PMC8094544 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-021-01807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This communication reports the identification of a new panel of transcriptional changes in inflammation-associated genes observed in response to ionising radiation received by radiotherapy patients. METHODS Peripheral blood samples were taken with ethical approval and informed consent from a total of 20 patients undergoing external beam radiotherapy for breast, lung, gastrointestinal or genitourinary tumours. Nanostring nCounter analysis of transcriptional changes was carried out in samples prior and 24 h post-delivery of the 1st radiotherapy fraction, just prior to the 5th or 6th fraction, and just before the last fraction. RESULTS Statistical analysis with BRB-ArrayTools, GLM MANOVA and nSolver, revealed a radiation responsive panel of genes which varied by patient group (type of cancer) and with time since exposure (as an analogue for dose received), which may be useful as a biomarker of radiation response. CONCLUSION Further validation in a wider group of patients is ongoing, together with work towards a full understanding of patient specific responses in support of personalised approaches to radiation medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christophe Badie
- PHE CRCE, Chilton, Didcot, Oxford, OX11 0RQ, UK
- Environmental Research Group within the School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK
| | - Selvakumar Anbalagan
- Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | | | - Lone Gothard
- Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | | | - Navita Somaiah
- Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Elizabeth A Ainsbury
- PHE CRCE, Chilton, Didcot, Oxford, OX11 0RQ, UK.
- Environmental Research Group within the School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK.
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19
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Nasser F, Cruz-Garcia L, O'Brien G, Badie C. Role of blood derived cell fractions, temperature and sample transport on gene expression-based biological dosimetry. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:675-686. [PMID: 33826469 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1906464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE For triage purposes following a nuclear accident or a terrorist event, gene expression biomarkers in blood have been demonstrated to be good bioindicators of ionizing radiation (IR) exposure and can be used to assess the dose received by exposed individuals. Many IR-sensitive genes are regulated by the DNA damage response pathway, and modulators of this pathway could potentially affect their expression level and therefore alter accurate dose estimations. In the present study, we addressed the potential influence of temperature, sample transport conditions and the blood cell fraction analyzed on the transcriptional response of the following radiation-responsive genes: FDXR, CCNG1, MDM2, PHPT1, APOBEC3H, DDB2, SESN1, P21, PUMA, and GADD45. MATERIALS AND METHODS Whole blood from healthy donors was exposed to a 2 Gy X-ray dose with a dose rate of 0.5 Gy/min (output 13 mA, 250 kV peak, 0.2 mA) and incubated for 24 h at either 37, 22, or 4 °C. For mimicking the effect of transport conditions at different temperatures, samples incubated at 37 °C for 24 h were kept at 37, 22 or 4 °C for another 24 h. Comparisons of biomarker responses to IR between white blood cells (WBCs), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and whole blood were carried out after a 2 Gy X-ray exposure and incubation at 37 °C for 24 hours. RESULTS Hypothermic conditions (22 or 4 °C) following irradiation drastically inhibited transcriptional responses to IR exposure. However, sample shipment at different temperatures did not affect gene expression level except for SESN1. The transcriptional response to IR of specific genes depended on the cell fraction used, apart from FDXR, CCNG1, and SESN1. CONCLUSION In conclusion, temperature during the incubation period and cell fraction but not the storing conditions during transport can influence the transcriptional response of specific genes. However, FDXR and CCNG1 showed a consistent response under all the different conditions tested demonstrating their reliability as individual biological dosimetry biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Nasser
- Radiation Effects Department, Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Radiation Effects Department, Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Grainne O'Brien
- Radiation Effects Department, Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Christophe Badie
- Radiation Effects Department, Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
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20
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Cruz-Garcia L, O’Brien G, Sipos B, Mayes S, Tichý A, Sirák I, Davídková M, Marková M, Turner DJ, Badie C. In Vivo Validation of Alternative FDXR Transcripts in Human Blood in Response to Ionizing Radiation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217851. [PMID: 33113898 PMCID: PMC7660203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Following cell stress such as ionising radiation (IR) exposure, multiple cellular pathways are activated. We recently demonstrated that ferredoxin reductase (FDXR) has a remarkable IR-induced transcriptional responsiveness in blood. Here, we provided a first comprehensive FDXR variant profile following DNA damage. First, specific quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) primers were designed to establish dose-responses for eight curated FDXR variants, all up-regulated after IR in a dose-dependent manner. The potential role of gender on the expression of these variants was tested, and neither the variants response to IR nor the background level of expression was profoundly affected; moreover, in vitro induction of inflammation temporarily counteracted IR response early after exposure. Importantly, transcriptional up-regulation of these variants was further confirmed in vivo in blood of radiotherapy patients. Full-length nanopore sequencing was performed to identify other FDXR variants and revealed the high responsiveness of FDXR-201 and FDXR-208. Moreover, FDXR-218 and FDXR-219 showed no detectable endogenous expression, but a clear detection after IR. Overall, we characterised 14 FDXR transcript variants and identified for the first time their response to DNA damage in vivo. Future studies are required to unravel the function of these splicing variants, but they already represent a new class of radiation exposure biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK; (L.C.-G.); (G.O.)
| | - Grainne O’Brien
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK; (L.C.-G.); (G.O.)
| | - Botond Sipos
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Gosling Building, Edmund Halley Way, Oxford OX4 4DQ, UK; (B.S.); (S.M.); (D.J.T.)
| | - Simon Mayes
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Gosling Building, Edmund Halley Way, Oxford OX4 4DQ, UK; (B.S.); (S.M.); (D.J.T.)
| | - Aleš Tichý
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences in Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, 500 01 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
- Biomedical Research Centre, Hradec Králové University Hospital, 500 01 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Sirák
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy and 4th Department of Internal Medicine—Hematology, University Hospital, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Marie Davídková
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic;
| | - Markéta Marková
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, 128 00 Praha 2, Czech Republic;
| | - Daniel J. Turner
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Gosling Building, Edmund Halley Way, Oxford OX4 4DQ, UK; (B.S.); (S.M.); (D.J.T.)
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK; (L.C.-G.); (G.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)1235-825-088; Fax: +44-(0)1235-833-891
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21
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Biolatti V, Negrin L, Bellora N, Ibañez IL. High-throughput meta-analysis and validation of differentially expressed genes as potential biomarkers of ionizing radiation-response. Radiother Oncol 2020; 154:21-28. [PMID: 32931891 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The high-throughput analysis of gene expression in ionizing radiation (IR)-exposed human peripheral white blood cells (WBC) has emerged as a novel method for biodosimetry markers detection. We aimed to detect IR-exposure differential expressed genes (DEGs) as potential predictive biomarkers for biodosimetry and radioinduced-response. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of raw data from public microarrays of ex vivo low linear energy transfer-irradiated human peripheral WBC. Functional enrichment and transcription factors (TF) detection from resulting DEGs were assessed. Six selected DEGs among studies were validated by qRT-PCR on mRNA from human peripheral blood samples from nine healthy human donors 24 h after ex vivo X-rays-irradiation. RESULTS We identified 275 DEGs after IR-exposure (parameters: |lfc| ≥ 0.7, q value <0.05), enriched in processes such as regulation after IR-exposure, DNA damage checkpoint, signal transduction by p53 and mitotic cell cycle checkpoint. Among these DEGs, DRAM1, NUDT15, PCNA, PLK2 and TIGAR were selected for qRT-PCR validation. Their expression levels significantly increased at 1-4 Gy respect to non-irradiated controls. Particularly, PCNA increased dose dependently. Curiously, TCF4 (Entrez Gene: 6925), detected as overrepresented TF in the radioinduced DEGs set, significantly decreased post-irradiation. CONCLUSION These six DEGs show potential to be proposed as candidates for IR-exposure biomarkers, considering their observed molecular radioinduced-response. Among them, TCF4, bioinformatically detected, was validated herein as an IR-responsive gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Biolatti
- National Atomic Energy Commission (CNEA), Bariloche Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy Integral Center - Institute of Nuclear Technologies for Health Foundation (INTECNUS); Laboratory of Radiobiology and Biodosimetry, S.C. de Bariloche, Argentina.
| | - Lara Negrin
- National Atomic Energy Commission (CNEA), Bariloche Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy Integral Center - Institute of Nuclear Technologies for Health Foundation (INTECNUS); Laboratory of Radiobiology and Biodosimetry, S.C. de Bariloche, Argentina.
| | - Nicolás Bellora
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Scientific Technical Center CONICET - North Patagonia, Patagonian Andean Institute of Biological and Geo-Environmental Technologies (IPATEC), S.C. de Bariloche, Argentina.
| | - Irene L Ibañez
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Institute of Nanocience and Nanotechnology (INN), Constituyentes Node (C1425FQB), CABA, Argentina; National Atomic Energy Commission (CNEA), Constituyentes Atomic Center, Research and Applications Management, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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22
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Bryant J, White L, Coen N, Shields L, McClean B, Meade AD, Lyng FM, Howe O. MicroRNA Analysis of ATM-Deficient Cells Indicate PTEN and CCDN1 as Potential Biomarkers of Radiation Response. Radiat Res 2020; 193:520-530. [PMID: 32216710 DOI: 10.1667/rr15462.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic profile changes associated with individual radiation sensitivity are well documented and have led to enhanced understanding of the mechanisms of the radiation-induced DNA damage response. However, the search continues to identify reliable biomarkers of individual radiation sensitivity. Herein, we report on a multi-biomarker approach using traditional cytogenetic biomarkers, DNA damage biomarkers and transcriptional microRNA (miR) biomarkers coupled with their potential gene targets to identify radiosensitivity in ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-deficient lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL); ATM-proficient cell lines were used as controls. Cells were 0.05 and 0.5 Gy irradiated, using a linear accelerator, with sham-irradiated cells as controls. At 1 h postirradiation, cells were fixed for γ-H2AX analysis as a measurement of DNA damage, and cytogenetic analysis using the G2 chromosomal sensitivity assay, G-banding and FISH techniques. RNA was also isolated for genetic profiling by microRNA (miR) and RT-PCR analysis. A panel of 752 miR were analyzed, and potential target genes, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and cyclin D1 (CCND1), were measured. The cytogenetic assays revealed that although the control cell line had functional cell cycle checkpoints, the radiosensitivity of the control and AT cell lines were similar. Analysis of DNA damage in all cell lines, including an additional control cell line, showed elevated γ-H2AX levels for only one AT cell line. Of the 752 miR analyzed, eight miR were upregulated, and six miR were downregulated in the AT cells compared to the control. Upregulated miR-152-3p, miR-24-5p and miR-92-15p and all downregulated miR were indicated as modulators of PTEN and CCDN1. Further measurement of both genes validated their potential role as radiation-response biomarkers. The multi-biomarker approach not only revealed potential candidates for radiation response, but provided additional mechanistic insights into the response in AT-deficient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Bryant
- Radiation and Environmental Science Centre (RESC), FOCAS Research Institute
| | - Lisa White
- Radiation and Environmental Science Centre (RESC), FOCAS Research Institute.,School of Biological and Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Natasha Coen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Division of Cytogenetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Laura Shields
- Medical Physics Department, St Luke's Radiation Oncology Centre, Rathgar, Dublin 6, Ireland
| | - Brendan McClean
- Medical Physics Department, St Luke's Radiation Oncology Centre, Rathgar, Dublin 6, Ireland
| | - Aidan D Meade
- Radiation and Environmental Science Centre (RESC), FOCAS Research Institute.,School of Physics & Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Fiona M Lyng
- Radiation and Environmental Science Centre (RESC), FOCAS Research Institute.,School of Physics & Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Orla Howe
- Radiation and Environmental Science Centre (RESC), FOCAS Research Institute.,School of Biological and Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
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23
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Attia AMM, Aboulthana WM, Hassan GM, Aboelezz E. Assessment of absorbed dose of gamma rays using the simultaneous determination of inactive hemoglobin derivatives as a biological dosimeter. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2020; 59:131-144. [PMID: 31734721 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-019-00821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biological dosimetry based on sulfhemoglobin (SHb), methemoglobin (MetHb), and carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) levels was evaluated. SHb, MetHb and HbCO levels were estimated in erythrocytes of mice irradiated by γ rays from a 60Co source using the method of multi-component spectrophotometric analysis developed recently. In this method, absorption measurements of diluted aqueous Hb-solution were made at λ = 500, 569, 577 and 620 nm, and using the mathematical formulas based on multi-component spectrophotometric analysis and the mathematical Gaussian elimination method for matrix calculation, the concentrations of various Hb-derivatives and total Hb in mice blood were estimated. The dose range of γ rays was from 0.5 to 8 Gy and the dose rate was 0.5 Gy min-1. Among all Hb-derivatives, MetHb, SHb and HbCO demonstrated an unambiguous dose-dependent response. For SHb and MetHb, the detection limits were about 0.5 Gy and 1 Gy, respectively. After irradiation, high levels of MetHb, SHb and HbCO persisted for at least 10 days, and the maximal increase of MetHb, SHb and HbCO occurred up to 24 h following γ irradiation. The use of this "MetHb + SHb + HbCO"-derivatives-based absorbed dose relationship showed a high accuracy. It is concluded that simultaneous determination of MetHb, SHb and HbCO, by multi-component spectrophotometry provides a quick, simple, sensitive, accurate, stable and inexpensive biological indicator for the early assessment of the absorbed dose in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M M Attia
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - W M Aboulthana
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - G M Hassan
- Division of Thermometry and Ionizing Radiation Metrology, Department of Ionizing Radiation Metrology, National Institute of Standards, Giza, Egypt.
| | - E Aboelezz
- Division of Thermometry and Ionizing Radiation Metrology, Department of Ionizing Radiation Metrology, National Institute of Standards, Giza, Egypt
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24
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Polozov S, Cruz-Garcia L, Badie C. RAPID GENE EXPRESSION BASED DOSE ESTIMATION FOR RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2019; 186:24-30. [PMID: 31137037 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncz053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression (GE) assays have shown great potential for rapid individual radiation dose exposure assessment. The aim of the present study was to optimise GE-based biological dosimetry protocols for radiological emergencies. Experiments were carried out to validate a newly developed protocol (P2) where several steps were optimised and to compare it with the current validated protocol in place in our laboratory (P1). Several donor blood samples from were exposed ex vivo to of the following doses: 0, 0.5, 1, 2 Gy X-rays. Concomitant measurement of transcription level of genes FDXR, P21, PHPT1, CCNG1 and SESN1 plus HPRT (control) was performed. To summarise, both protocols provided similar dose estimates, P1 being completed in 7 hours while P2 in merely 4 hours. Thus, a significant time shortening was achieved leading to a potential increase of throughput capacity. Hence, this new protocol can be recommended for mass radiation casualties triage purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Polozov
- Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Didcot OX11 ORQ, UK
| | - Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Didcot OX11 ORQ, UK
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Didcot OX11 ORQ, UK
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25
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Cruz-Garcia L, O'Brien G, Sipos B, Mayes S, Love MI, Turner DJ, Badie C. Generation of a Transcriptional Radiation Exposure Signature in Human Blood Using Long-Read Nanopore Sequencing. Radiat Res 2019; 193:143-154. [PMID: 31829904 DOI: 10.1667/rr15476.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the event of a large-scale event leading to acute ionizing radiation exposure, high-throughput methods would be required to assess individual dose estimates for triage purposes. Blood-based gene expression is a broad source of biomarkers of radiation exposure which have great potential for providing rapid dose estimates for a large population. Time is a crucial component in radiological emergencies and the shipment of blood samples to relevant laboratories presents a concern. In this study, we performed nanopore sequencing analysis to determine if the technology can be used to detect radiation-inducible genes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The technology offers not only long-read sequencing but also a portable device which can overcome issues involving sample shipment, and provide faster results. For this goal, blood from nine healthy volunteers was 2 Gy ex vivo X irradiated. After PBMC isolation, irradiated samples were incubated along with the controls for 24 h at 37°C. RNA was extracted, poly(A)+ enriched and reverse-transcribed before sequencing. The data generated was analyzed using a Snakemake pipeline modified to handle paired samples. The sequencing analysis identified a radiation signature consisting of 46 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) which included 41 protein-coding genes, a long non-coding RNA and four pseudogenes, five of which have been identified as radiation-responsive transcripts for the first time. The genes in which transcriptional expression is most significantly modified after radiation exposure were APOBEC3H and FDXR, presenting a 25- and 28-fold change on average, respectively. These levels of transcriptional response were comparable to results we obtained by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. In vivo exposure analyses showed a transcriptional radioresponse at 24 h postirradiation for both genes together with a strong dose-dependent response in blood irradiated ex vivo. Finally, extrapolating from the data we obtained, the minimum sequencing time required to detect an irradiated sample using APOBEC3H transcripts would be less than 3 min for a total of 50,000 reads. Future improvements, in sample processing and bioinformatic pipeline for specific radiation-responsive transcript identification, will allow the provision of a portable, rapid, real-time biodosimetry platform based on this new sequencing technology. In summary, our data show that nanopore sequencing can identify radiation-responsive genes and can also be used for identification of new transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, OX11 ORQ United Kingdom
| | - Grainne O'Brien
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, OX11 ORQ United Kingdom
| | - Botond Sipos
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, OX4 4DQ, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Mayes
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, OX4 4DQ, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael I Love
- Departments of Biostatistics.,Departments of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27516
| | - Daniel J Turner
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, OX4 4DQ, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, OX11 ORQ United Kingdom
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26
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Li S, Lu X, Feng JB, Tian M, Wang J, Chen H, Chen DQ, Liu QJ. Developing Gender-Specific Gene Expression Biodosimetry Using a Panel of Radiation-Responsive Genes for Determining Radiation Dose in Human Peripheral Blood. Radiat Res 2019; 192:399-409. [DOI: 10.1667/rr15355.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Xue Lu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Jiang-Bin Feng
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Mei Tian
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, 307 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, 307 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - De-Qing Chen
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Qing-Jie Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
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27
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Visweswaran S, Joseph S, S VH, O A, Jose M, Perumal V. DNA damage and gene expression changes in patients exposed to low-dose X-radiation during neuro-interventional radiology procedures. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 844:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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28
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Raavi V, Surendran J, Karthik K, Paul SFD, Thayalan K, Arunakaran J, Venkatachalam P. Measurement of γ-H2AX foci, miRNA-101, and gene expression as a means to quantify radiation-absorbed dose in cancer patients who had undergone radiotherapy. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2019; 58:69-80. [PMID: 30467642 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-018-0767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Radiological accidents and nuclear terrorism pose an increased threat to members of the public who, following such an event, would need to be assessed for medical care by fast triage. Assay methods such as chromosome aberrations (CA), cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques have been well established for dose estimation and their potential for handling more samples has also been proved with automation. However, culturing of lymphocytes is an inevitable step, which limits the potential of these markers for triage. In vitro analysis of gamma-H2AX (γ-H2AX), gene and microRNA (miRNA) markers do not require culturing of lymphocytes, and as such have been suggested as attractive tools for triage. Despite studies reporting in vitro dose-response curves, limited evidence is available evaluating the suitability of these assays in real situations. In this study, we have measured the absorbed dose using γ-H2AX, gene (GADD45A, FDXR, and CDKN1A) and miRNA-101 expression in blood samples of cancer patients (n = 20) who had undergone partial-body radiotherapy and compared with the derived equivalent whole-body doses (EWBD). The obtained results from all patients showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase of γ-H2AX foci in post-irradiated as compared to pre-irradiated samples. Moreover, estimated doses using γ-H2AX foci showed a correlation with the derived EWBD (r2 = 0.60, p = 0.0003) and was also shown to be dependent on the irradiated body volume. Consistent with γ-H2AX foci frequency, an increase in fold change expression of genes and miRNA-101 was observed. However, the estimated dose significantly varied among the subjects and showed poor correlation (r2 = 0.09, 0.04, 0.01 and 0.03 for GADD45A, FDXR, CDKN1A and miRNA-101, respectively) with EWBD. The overall results suggest that the established in vitro γ-H2AX assay is suitable for the detection of radiation exposure and can also provide an estimate of the dose in in vivo irradiated samples. The genes and miRNA-101 markers showed increased expression; nevertheless, there is a need for further improvements to measure doses accurately using these markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkateswarlu Raavi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, 600 116, India
| | - J Surendran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kamakshi Memorial Hospital, Pallikaranai, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - K Karthik
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, 600 116, India
| | - Solomon F D Paul
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, 600 116, India
| | - K Thayalan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kamakshi Memorial Hospital, Pallikaranai, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - J Arunakaran
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600 113, India
| | - Perumal Venkatachalam
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, 600 116, India.
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Macaeva E, Mysara M, De Vos WH, Baatout S, Quintens R. Gene expression-based biodosimetry for radiological incidents: assessment of dose and time after radiation exposure. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 95:64-75. [PMID: 30247087 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1511926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In order to ensure efficient use of medical resources following a radiological incident, there is an urgent need for high-throughput time-efficient biodosimetry tools. In the present study, we tested the applicability of a gene expression signature for the prediction of exposure dose as well as the time elapsed since irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used whole blood samples from seven healthy volunteers as reference samples (X-ray doses: 0, 25, 50, 100, 500, 1000, and 2000 mGy; time points: 8, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h) and samples from seven other individuals as 'blind samples' (20 samples in total). RESULTS Gene expression values normalized to the reference gene without normalization to the unexposed controls were sufficient to predict doses with a correlation coefficient between the true and the predicted doses of 0.86. Importantly, we could also classify the samples according to the time since exposure with a correlation coefficient between the true and the predicted time point of 0.96. Because of the dynamic nature of radiation-induced gene expression, this feature will be of critical importance for adequate gene expression-based dose prediction in a real emergency situation. In addition, in this study we also compared different methodologies for RNA extraction available on the market and suggested the one most suitable for emergency situation which does not require on-spot availability of any specific reagents or equipment. CONCLUSIONS Our results represent an important advancement in the application of gene expression for biodosimetry purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellina Macaeva
- a Interdisciplinary Biosciences Group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK•CEN, Mol , Belgium.,b Department of Molecular Biotechnology , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- a Interdisciplinary Biosciences Group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK•CEN, Mol , Belgium
| | - Winnok H De Vos
- b Department of Molecular Biotechnology , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium.,c Department of Veterinary Sciences , University of Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- a Interdisciplinary Biosciences Group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK•CEN, Mol , Belgium.,b Department of Molecular Biotechnology , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Roel Quintens
- a Interdisciplinary Biosciences Group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK•CEN, Mol , Belgium
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30
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Bensimon Etzol J, Bouvet S, Bettencourt C, Altmeyer S, Paget V, Ugolin N, Chevillard S. DosiKit, a New Immunoassay for Fast Radiation Biodosimetry of Hair and Blood Samples. Radiat Res 2018; 190:473-482. [DOI: 10.1667/rr15136.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vincent Paget
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses France
| | - Nicolas Ugolin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses France
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31
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Agbenyegah S, Abend M, Atkinson MJ, Combs SE, Trott KR, Port M, Majewski M. Impact of Inter-Individual Variance in the Expression of a Radiation-Responsive Gene Panel Used for Triage. Radiat Res 2018; 190:226-235. [PMID: 29923790 DOI: 10.1667/rr15013.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies we determined a gene expression signature in baboons for predicting the severity of hematological acute radiation syndrome. We subsequently validated a set of eight of these genes in leukemia patients undergoing total-body irradiation. In the current study, we addressed the effect of intra-individual variability on the basal level of expression of those eight radiation-responsive genes identified previously, by examining baseline levels in 200 unexposed healthy human donors (122 males and 88 females with an average age of 46 years) using real-time PCR. In addition to the eight candidate genes ( DAGLA, WNT3, CD177, PLA2G16, WLS, POU2AF1, STAT4 and PRF1), we examined two more genes ( FDXR and DDB2) widely used in ex vivo whole blood experiments. Although significant sex- (seven genes) and age-dependent (two genes) differences in expression were found, the fold changes ranged only between 1.1-1.6. These were well within the twofold differences in gene expression generally considered to represent control values. Age and sex contributed less than 20-30% to the complete inter-individual variance, which is calculated as the fold change between the lowest (reference) and the highest Ct value minimum-maximum fold change (min-max FC). Min-max FCs ranging between 10-17 were observed for most genes; however, for three genes, min-max FCs of complete inter-individual variance were found to be 37.1 ( WNT3), 51.4 ( WLS) and 1,627.8 ( CD177). In addition, to determine whether discrimination between healthy and diseased baboons might be altered by replacing the published gene expression data of the 18 healthy baboons with that of the 200 healthy humans, we employed logistic regression analysis and calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The additional inter-individual variance of the human data set had either no impact or marginal impact on the ROC area, since up to 32-fold change gene expression differences between healthy and diseased baboons were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Agbenyegah
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Abend
- b Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M J Atkinson
- c Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - S E Combs
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,d Institute of Innovative Radiotherapy, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - K R Trott
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Port
- b Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M Majewski
- b Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
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32
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Lacombe J, Sima C, Amundson SA, Zenhausern F. Candidate gene biodosimetry markers of exposure to external ionizing radiation in human blood: A systematic review. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198851. [PMID: 29879226 PMCID: PMC5991767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compile a list of genes that have been reported to be affected by external ionizing radiation (IR) and to assess their performance as candidate biomarkers for individual human radiation dosimetry. Methods Eligible studies were identified through extensive searches of the online databases from 1978 to 2017. Original English-language publications of microarray studies assessing radiation-induced changes in gene expression levels in human blood after external IR were included. Genes identified in at least half of the selected studies were retained for bio-statistical analysis in order to evaluate their diagnostic ability. Results 24 studies met the criteria and were included in this study. Radiation-induced expression of 10,170 unique genes was identified and the 31 genes that have been identified in at least 50% of studies (12/24 studies) were selected for diagnostic power analysis. Twenty-seven genes showed a significant Spearman’s correlation with radiation dose. Individually, TNFSF4, FDXR, MYC, ZMAT3 and GADD45A provided the best discrimination of radiation dose < 2 Gy and dose ≥ 2 Gy according to according to their maximized Youden’s index (0.67, 0.55, 0.55, 0.55 and 0.53 respectively). Moreover, 12 combinations of three genes display an area under the Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) curve (AUC) = 1 reinforcing the concept of biomarker combinations instead of looking for an ideal and unique biomarker. Conclusion Gene expression is a promising approach for radiation dosimetry assessment. A list of robust candidate biomarkers has been identified from analysis of the studies published to date, confirming for example the potential of well-known genes such as FDXR and TNFSF4 or highlighting other promising gene such as ZMAT3. However, heterogeneity in protocols and analysis methods will require additional studies to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Lacombe
- Center for Applied NanoBioscience and Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Chao Sima
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomic Systems Engineering, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Sally A. Amundson
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Frederic Zenhausern
- Center for Applied NanoBioscience and Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- Honor Health Research Institute, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
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Tichy A, Kabacik S, O’Brien G, Pejchal J, Sinkorova Z, Kmochova A, Sirak I, Malkova A, Beltran CG, Gonzalez JR, Grepl J, Majewski M, Ainsbury E, Zarybnicka L, Vachelova J, Zavrelova A, Davidkova M, Markova Stastna M, Abend M, Pernot E, Cardis E, Badie C. The first in vivo multiparametric comparison of different radiation exposure biomarkers in human blood. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193412. [PMID: 29474504 PMCID: PMC5825084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing risk of acute large-scale radiological/nuclear exposures of population underlines the necessity of developing new, rapid and high throughput biodosimetric tools for estimation of received dose and initial triage. We aimed to compare the induction and persistence of different radiation exposure biomarkers in human peripheral blood in vivo. Blood samples of patients with indicated radiotherapy (RT) undergoing partial body irradiation (PBI) were obtained soon before the first treatment and then after 24 h, 48 h, and 5 weeks; i.e. after 1, 2, and 25 fractionated RT procedures. We collected circulating peripheral blood from ten patients with tumor of endometrium (1.8 Gy per fraction) and eight patients with tumor of head and neck (2.0–2.121 Gy per fraction). Incidence of dicentrics and micronuclei was monitored as well as determination of apoptosis and the transcription level of selected radiation-responsive genes. Since mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been reported to be a potential indicator of radiation damage in vitro, we also assessed mtDNA content and deletions by novel multiplex quantitative PCR. Cytogenetic data confirmed linear dose-dependent increase in dicentrics (p < 0.01) and micronuclei (p < 0.001) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after PBI. Significant up-regulations of five previously identified transcriptional biomarkers of radiation exposure (PHPT1, CCNG1, CDKN1A, GADD45, and SESN1) were also found (p < 0.01). No statistical change in mtDNA deletion levels was detected; however, our data indicate that the total mtDNA content decreased with increasing number of RT fractions. Interestingly, the number of micronuclei appears to correlate with late radiation toxicity (r2 = 0.9025) in endometrial patients suggesting the possibility of predicting the severity of RT-related toxicity by monitoring this parameter. Overall, these data represent, to our best knowledge, the first study providing a multiparametric comparison of radiation biomarkers in human blood in vivo, which have potential for improving biological dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Tichy
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Sylwia Kabacik
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health of England, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Grainne O’Brien
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health of England, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Jaroslav Pejchal
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Sinkorova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Adela Kmochova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Sirak
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy and 4th Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Malkova
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jakub Grepl
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy and 4th Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | | | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health of England, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Lenka Zarybnicka
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Vachelova
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alzbeta Zavrelova
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy and 4th Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Davidkova
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health of England, Didcot, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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34
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Port M, Majewski M, Herodin F, Valente M, Drouet M, Forcheron F, Tichy A, Sirak I, Zavrelova A, Malkova A, Becker BV, Veit DA, Waldeck S, Badie C, O'Brien G, Christiansen H, Wichmann J, Eder M, Beutel G, Vachelova J, Doucha-Senf S, Abend M. Validating Baboon Ex Vivo and In Vivo Radiation-Related Gene Expression with Corresponding Human Data. Radiat Res 2018; 189:389-398. [PMID: 29373091 DOI: 10.1667/rr14958.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The research for high-throughput diagnostic tests for victims of radio/nuclear incidents remains ongoing. In this context, we have previously identified candidate genes that predict risk of late-occurring hematologic acute radiation syndrome (HARS) in a baboon model. The goal of the current study was to validate these genes after radiation exposure in humans. We also examined ex vivo relative to in vivo measurements in both species and describe dose-response relationships. Eighteen baboons were irradiated in vivo to simulate different patterns of partial- or total-body irradiation (TBI), corresponding to an equivalent dose of 2.5 or 5 Sv. Human in vivo blood samples were obtained from patients exposed to different dose ranges: diagnostic computerized tomography (CT; 0.004-0.018 Sv); radiotherapy for prostate cancer (0.25-0.3 Sv); and TBI of leukemia patients (2 × 1.5 or 2 × 2 Sv, five patients each). Peripheral whole blood of another five baboons and human samples from five healthy donors were cultivated ex vivo and irradiated with 0-4 Sv. RNA was isolated pairwise before and 24 h after irradiation and converted into cDNA. Gene expression of six promising candidate genes found previously by us in a baboon model ( WNT3, POU2AF1, CCR7, ARG2, CD177, WLS), as well as three genes commonly used in ex vivo whole blood experiments ( FDXR, PCNA, DDB2) was measured using qRT-PCR. We confirmed the six baboon candidate genes in leukemia patients. However, expression for the candidate gene FDXR showed an inverse relationship, as it was downregulated in baboons and upregulated in human samples. Comparisons among the in vivo and ex vivo experiments revealed the same pattern in both species and indicated peripheral blood cells to represent the radiation-responsive targets causing WNT3 and POU2AF1 gene expression changes. CCR7, ARG2, CD177 and WLS appeared to be altered due to radiation-responsive targets other than the whole blood cells. Linear dose-response relationships of FDXR, WNT3 and POU2AF1 using human ex vivo samples corresponded with human in vivo samples, suggesting that ex vivo models for in vivo dose estimates can be used over a wide dose range (0.001-5 Sv for POU2AF1). In summary, we validated six baboon candidate genes in humans, but the FDXR measurements underscored the importance of independent assessments even when candidates from animal models have striking gene sequence homology to humans. Since whole blood cells represented the same radiation-responsive targets for FDXR, WNT3 and POU2AF1 gene expression changes, ex vivo cell culture models can be utilized for in vivo dose estimates over a dose range covering up to 3.5 log scales. These findings might be a step forward in the development of a gene expression-based high-throughput diagnostic test for populations involved in large-scale radio/nuclear incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Port
- a Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M Majewski
- a Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - F Herodin
- b Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armees, Bretigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - M Valente
- b Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armees, Bretigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - M Drouet
- b Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armees, Bretigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - F Forcheron
- b Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armees, Bretigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - A Tichy
- c Departments of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Brno and Biomedical Research Centre
| | - I Sirak
- d Oncology and Radiotherapy, and 4th Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - A Zavrelova
- d Oncology and Radiotherapy, and 4th Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - A Malkova
- e Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - B V Becker
- a Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - D A Veit
- f Bundeswehr Central Hospital, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Koblenz, Germany
| | - S Waldeck
- f Bundeswehr Central Hospital, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Koblenz, Germany
| | - C Badie
- g Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, United Kingdom
| | - G O'Brien
- g Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - M Eder
- i Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - G Beutel
- i Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Vachelova
- j Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Řež, Czech Republic
| | - S Doucha-Senf
- a Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M Abend
- a Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
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35
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O'Brien G, Cruz-Garcia L, Majewski M, Grepl J, Abend M, Port M, Tichý A, Sirak I, Malkova A, Donovan E, Gothard L, Boyle S, Somaiah N, Ainsbury E, Ponge L, Slosarek K, Miszczyk L, Widlak P, Green E, Patel N, Kudari M, Gleeson F, Vinnikov V, Starenkiy V, Artiukh S, Vasyliev L, Zaman A, Badie C. FDXR is a biomarker of radiation exposure in vivo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:684. [PMID: 29330481 PMCID: PMC5766591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-19043-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous investigations in gene expression changes in blood after radiation exposure have highlighted its potential to provide biomarkers of exposure. Here, FDXR transcriptional changes in blood were investigated in humans undergoing a range of external radiation exposure procedures covering several orders of magnitude (cardiac fluoroscopy, diagnostic computed tomography (CT)) and treatments (total body and local radiotherapy). Moreover, a method was developed to assess the dose to the blood using physical exposure parameters. FDXR expression was significantly up-regulated 24 hr after radiotherapy in most patients and continuously during the fractionated treatment. Significance was reached even after diagnostic CT 2 hours post-exposure. We further showed that no significant differences in expression were found between ex vivo and in vivo samples from the same patients. Moreover, potential confounding factors such as gender, infection status and anti-oxidants only affect moderately FDXR transcription. Finally, we provided a first in vivo dose-response showing dose-dependency even for very low doses or partial body exposure showing good correlation between physically and biologically assessed doses. In conclusion, we report the remarkable responsiveness of FDXR to ionising radiation at the transcriptional level which, when measured in the right time window, provides accurate in vivo dose estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gráinne O'Brien
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jakub Grepl
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences in Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, Hradec Králové University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Aleš Tichý
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences in Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, Hradec Králové University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Sirak
- Department of Oncology & Radiotherapy and 4th Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Malkova
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Ellen Donovan
- Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7TE, United Kingdom
| | - Lone Gothard
- Institute of Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5PT, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Boyle
- Institute of Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5PT, United Kingdom
| | - Navita Somaiah
- Institute of Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5PT, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Lucyna Ponge
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Slosarek
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Leszek Miszczyk
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Piotr Widlak
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Edward Green
- Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Neel Patel
- Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mahesh Kudari
- Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Fergus Gleeson
- Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Volodymyr Vinnikov
- Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology, National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Viktor Starenkiy
- Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology, National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Sergii Artiukh
- Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology, National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Leonid Vasyliev
- Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology, National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Azfar Zaman
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital and Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Christophe Badie
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.
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36
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Bensimon Etzol J, Valente M, Altmeyer S, Bettencourt C, Bouvet S, Cosler G, Desangles F, Drouet M, Entine F, Hérodin F, Jourquin F, Lecompte Y, Martigne P, Michel X, Pateux J, Ugolin N, Chevillard S. DosiKit, a New Portable Immunoassay for Fast External Irradiation Biodosimetry. Radiat Res 2017; 190:176-185. [DOI: 10.1667/rr14760.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Valente
- Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Bretigny, France
| | | | | | | | - Guillaume Cosler
- Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Bretigny, France
| | | | - Michel Drouet
- Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Bretigny, France
| | - Fabrice Entine
- Service de Protection Radiologique des Armées (SPRA), Clamart, France
| | - Francis Hérodin
- Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Bretigny, France
| | - Flora Jourquin
- Service de Protection Radiologique des Armées (SPRA), Clamart, France
| | - Yannick Lecompte
- Service de Protection Radiologique des Armées (SPRA), Clamart, France
| | - Patrick Martigne
- Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Bretigny, France
| | - Xavier Michel
- Service de Protection Radiologique des Armées (SPRA), Clamart, France
| | - Jérôme Pateux
- Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Bretigny, France
| | - Nicolas Ugolin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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37
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Manning G, Tichý A, Sirák I, Badie C. Radiotherapy-Associated Long-term Modification of Expression of the Inflammatory Biomarker Genes ARG1, BCL2L1, and MYC. Front Immunol 2017; 8:412. [PMID: 28443095 PMCID: PMC5385838 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) exposure of cells in vitro and in vivo triggers a complex cellular response among which modifications of gene expression have been consistently reported. Nevertheless, little is currently known about the transcriptionally responsive genes which play a role in the inflammation response. In order to improve our understanding of such transcriptional response to radiation in vivo, we simultaneously monitored the expression of 249 genes associated with the inflammation response over the course of the radiotherapy treatment in blood of patients treated for endometrial or head and neck cancer. We have identified genes whose transcriptional expression is either upregulated (ARG1, BCL2L1) or downregulated (MYC) several fold in vivo. These modifications were consistently detected across patients and further confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR); they were specifically significant toward the end of the radiotherapy treatment, 5 weeks following the first radiation fraction and more pronounced in endometrial patients (respectively, 2.9, 4.1, and 1.8 times). Importantly, in an attempt to correlate expression levels with normal tissue reaction to IR, we also identified three other genes CD40, OAS2, and CXCR1 whose expression level fluctuations during radiotherapy were more pronounced in patients developing late normal tissue responses to curative radiotherapy after the end of the radiotherapy treatment. Overall, we identified inflammation-associated genes which are promising biomarkers of IR exposure and susceptibility to radiation-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grainne Manning
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Radiation Effects Department, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Aleš Tichý
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences in Hradec Králové, University of Defence, Brno, Czechia.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Igor Sirák
- Clinic of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Radiation Effects Department, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, UK
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38
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Kulka U, Abend M, Ainsbury E, Badie C, Barquinero JF, Barrios L, Beinke C, Bortolin E, Cucu A, De Amicis A, Domínguez I, Fattibene P, Frøvig, AM, Gregoire E, Guogyte K, Hadjidekova V, Jaworska A, Kriehuber R, Lindholm C, Lloyd D, Lumniczky K, Lyng F, Meschini R, Mörtl S, Della Monaca S, Monteiro Gil O, Montoro A, Moquet J, Moreno M, Oestreicher U, Palitti F, Pantelias G, Patrono C, Piqueret-Stephan L, Port M, Prieto MJ, Quintens R, Ricoul M, Romm H, Roy L, Sáfrány G, Sabatier L, Sebastià N, Sommer S, Terzoudi G, Testa A, Thierens H, Turai I, Trompier F, Valente M, Vaz P, Voisin P, Vral A, Woda C, Zafiropoulos D, Wojcik A. RENEB – Running the European Network of biological dosimetry and physical retrospective dosimetry. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 93:2-14. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1230239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Kulka
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Christina Beinke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Lloyd
- affiliated to Public Health England, CRCE, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK
| | - Katalin Lumniczky
- National Public Health Centre – National Research Directorate for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fiona Lyng
- Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Simone Mörtl
- HelmholtzZentrum München, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | | | - Octávia Monteiro Gil
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | - Alegria Montoro
- Hospital Universitario y Politécnico la Fe de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jayne Moquet
- Public Health England, CRCE, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK
| | - Mercedes Moreno
- Servicio Madrileño de Salud – Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ursula Oestreicher
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Clarice Patrono
- Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, ĹEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - Laure Piqueret-Stephan
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, and Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Munich, Germany
| | - María Jesus Prieto
- Servicio Madrileño de Salud – Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Michelle Ricoul
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, and Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Horst Romm
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Laurence Roy
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Géza Sáfrány
- National Public Health Centre – National Research Directorate for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laure Sabatier
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, and Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Natividad Sebastià
- Hospital Universitario y Politécnico la Fe de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Georgia Terzoudi
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonella Testa
- Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, ĹEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - Hubert Thierens
- Universiteit Gent, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gent, Belgium
| | - Istvan Turai
- affiliated to National Public Health Centre – National Research Directorate for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary
| | - François Trompier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Pedro Vaz
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | - Philippe Voisin
- affiliated to Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne Vral
- Universiteit Gent, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gent, Belgium
| | - Clemens Woda
- HelmholtzZentrum München, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | | | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Stockholm University, Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Stockholm, Sweden
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39
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Ainsbury E, Badie C, Barnard S, Manning G, Moquet J, Abend M, Antunes AC, Barrios L, Bassinet C, Beinke C, Bortolin E, Bossin L, Bricknell C, Brzoska K, Buraczewska I, Castaño CH, Čemusová Z, Christiansson M, Cordero SM, Cosler G, Monaca SD, Desangles F, Discher M, Dominguez I, Doucha-Senf S, Eakins J, Fattibene P, Filippi S, Frenzel M, Georgieva D, Gregoire E, Guogyte K, Hadjidekova V, Hadjiiska L, Hristova R, Karakosta M, Kis E, Kriehuber R, Lee J, Lloyd D, Lumniczky K, Lyng F, Macaeva E, Majewski M, Vanda Martins S, McKeever SW, Meade A, Medipally D, Meschini R, M’kacher R, Gil OM, Montero A, Moreno M, Noditi M, Oestreicher U, Oskamp D, Palitti F, Palma V, Pantelias G, Pateux J, Patrono C, Pepe G, Port M, Prieto MJ, Quattrini MC, Quintens R, Ricoul M, Roy L, Sabatier L, Sebastià N, Sholom S, Sommer S, Staynova A, Strunz S, Terzoudi G, Testa A, Trompier F, Valente M, Hoey OV, Veronese I, Wojcik A, Woda C. Integration of new biological and physical retrospective dosimetry methods into EU emergency response plans – joint RENEB and EURADOS inter-laboratory comparisons. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 93:99-109. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1206233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Christophe Badie
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Stephen Barnard
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Grainne Manning
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Jayne Moquet
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology (BIR), Munich, Germany
| | - Ana Catarina Antunes
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST/ITN), Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | | | - Celine Bassinet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Paris, France
| | - Christina Beinke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm (UULM), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Lily Bossin
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
- Durham University (DUR), Durham, UK
| | - Clare Bricknell
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Kamil Brzoska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Buraczewska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT), Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Zina Čemusová
- Státní ústav radiační ochrany (SÚRO), Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Guillaume Cosler
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Paris, France
| | | | | | - Michael Discher
- Salzburg University Department of Geography and Geology, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | - Jon Eakins
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | | | | | - Monika Frenzel
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Dimka Georgieva
- National Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection (NCRRP), Bulgaria
| | - Eric Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Rositsa Hristova
- National Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection (NCRRP), Bulgaria
| | - Maria Karakosta
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos” (NCSRD), Greece
| | - Enikő Kis
- National Public Health Centre – National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene (NRIRR), Hungary
| | - Ralf Kriehuber
- Radiation Biology Unit Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (FzJ), Jülich, Germany
| | - Jungil Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - David Lloyd
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Katalin Lumniczky
- National Public Health Centre – National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene (NRIRR), Hungary
| | - Fiona Lyng
- Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ellina Macaeva
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Mol, Belgium
- Ghent University (GU), Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - S. Vanda Martins
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST/ITN), Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | | | - Aidan Meade
- Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT), Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Radhia M’kacher
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Octávia Monteiro Gil
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST/ITN), Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | - Alegria Montero
- Radiation Protection Service, IIS La Fe, Health Research Institute (LAFE), Spain
| | - Mercedes Moreno
- Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica, Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (SERMAS), Spain
| | | | - Ursula Oestreicher
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz (BfS), Department Radiation Protection and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Oskamp
- Radiation Biology Unit Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (FzJ), Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Valentina Palma
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment Division of Health Protection Technologies (ENEA) Casaccia Research Center, Italy
| | - Gabriel Pantelias
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos” (NCSRD), Greece
| | - Jerome Pateux
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Paris, France
| | - Clarice Patrono
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment Division of Health Protection Technologies (ENEA) Casaccia Research Center, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pepe
- Università degli Studi della Tuscia (UNITUS), Italy
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology (BIR), Munich, Germany
| | - María Jesús Prieto
- Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica, Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (SERMAS), Spain
| | | | - Roel Quintens
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Michelle Ricoul
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Laurence Roy
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Paris, France
| | - Laure Sabatier
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Natividad Sebastià
- Radiation Protection Service, IIS La Fe, Health Research Institute (LAFE), Spain
| | | | - Sylwester Sommer
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Albena Staynova
- National Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection (NCRRP), Bulgaria
| | - Sonja Strunz
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Georgia Terzoudi
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos” (NCSRD), Greece
| | - Antonella Testa
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment Division of Health Protection Technologies (ENEA) Casaccia Research Center, Italy
| | - Francois Trompier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Paris, France
| | - Marco Valente
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Paris, France
| | | | - Ivan Veronese
- Università degli Studi di Milano (UNIMI), Milano, Italy
| | | | - Clemens Woda
- Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), Neuherberg, Germany
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