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Sun M, Moquet J, Barnard S, Mancey H, Burling D, Baldwin-Cleland R, Monahan K, Latchford A, Lloyd D, Bouffler S, Badie C, Anyamene NA, Ainsbury E. In vitro study of radiosensitivity in colorectal cancer cell lines associated with Lynch syndrome. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1369201. [PMID: 38638480 PMCID: PMC11024246 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1369201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lynch syndrome patients have an inherited predisposition to cancer due to a deficiency in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes which could lead to a higher risk of developing cancer if exposed to ionizing radiation. This pilot study aims to reveal the association between MMR deficiency and radiosensitivity at both a CT relevant low dose (20 mGy) and a therapeutic higher dose (2 Gy). Methods Human colorectal cancer cell lines with (dMMR) or without MMR deficiency (pMMR) were analyzed before and after exposure to radiation using cellular and cytogenetic analyses i.e., clonogenic assay to determine cell reproductive death; sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay to detect the exchange of DNA between sister chromatids; γH2AX assay to analyze DNA damage repair; and apoptosis analysis to compare cell death response. The advantages and limitations of these assays were assessed in vitro, and their applicability and feasibility investigated for their potential to be used for further studies using clinical samples. Results Results from the clonogenic assay indicated that the pMMR cell line (HT29) was significantly more radio-resistant than the dMMR cell lines (HCT116, SW48, and LoVo) after 2 Gy X-irradiation. Both cell type and radiation dose had a significant effect on the yield of SCEs/chromosome. When the yield of SCEs/chromosome for the irradiated samples (2 Gy) was normalized against the controls, no significant difference was observed between the cell lines. For the γH2AX assay, 0, 20 mGy and 2 Gy were examined at post-exposure time points of 30 min (min), 4 and 24 h (h). Statistical analysis revealed that HT29 was only significantly more radio-resistant than the MLH1-deficient cells lines, but not the MSH2-deficient cell line. Apoptosis analysis (4 Gy) revealed that HT29 was significantly more radio-resistant than HCT116 albeit with very few apoptotic cells observed. Discussion Overall, this study showed radio-resistance of the MMR proficient cell line in some assays, but not in the others. All methods used within this study have been validated; however, due to the limitations associated with cancer cell lines, the next step will be to use these assays in clinical samples in an effort to understand the biological and mechanistic effects of radiation in Lynch patients as well as the health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Sun
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Jayne Moquet
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Barnard
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Mancey
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - David Burling
- Intestinal Imaging Centre, St Mark's Hospital, London North West University Healthcare National Health Service Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Baldwin-Cleland
- Intestinal Imaging Centre, St Mark's Hospital, London North West University Healthcare National Health Service Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Monahan
- Lynch Syndrome Clinic, Centre for Familial Intestinal Cancer, St Mark's Hospital, London North West University Healthcare National Health Service Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Latchford
- Lynch Syndrome Clinic, Centre for Familial Intestinal Cancer, St Mark's Hospital, London North West University Healthcare National Health Service Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - David Lloyd
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Bouffler
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Christophe Badie
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola A. Anyamene
- East and North Hertfordshire National Health Service Trust, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Didcot, United Kingdom
- Environmental Research Group Within the School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Amrenova A, Ainsbury E, Baudin C, Giussani A, Lochard J, Rühm W, Scholz-Kreisel P, Trott K, Vaillant L, Wakeford R, Zölzer F, Laurier D. Consideration of hereditary effects in the radiological protection system: evolution and current status. Int J Radiat Biol 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38190433 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2295289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the methodology used to estimate radiation genetic risks and quantify the risk of hereditary effects as outlined in the ICRP Publication 103. It aims to highlight the historical background and development of the doubling dose method for estimating radiation-related genetic risks and its continued use in radiological protection frameworks. RESULTS This article emphasizes the complexity associated with quantifying the risk of hereditary effects caused by radiation exposure and highlights the need for further clarification and explanation of the calculation method. As scientific knowledge in radiation sciences and human genetics continues to advance in relation to a number of factors including stability of disease frequency, selection pressures, and epigenetic changes, the characterization and quantification of genetic effects still remains a major issue for the radiological protection system of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. CONCLUSION Further research and advancements in this field are crucial for enhancing our understanding and addressing the complexities involved in assessing and managing the risks associated with hereditary effects of radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Amrenova
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - C Baudin
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - A Giussani
- BfS - Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - J Lochard
- Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - W Rühm
- BfS - Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - P Scholz-Kreisel
- BfS - Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - K Trott
- Deptartment Radiation Oncology, Technical University München, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - R Wakeford
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - F Zölzer
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - D Laurier
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Zölzer F, Schneider T, Ainsbury E, Goto A, Liutsko L, O'Reilly G, Lochard J. Ethical and societal aspects of radiological protection for offspring and next generations. Int J Radiat Biol 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37947483 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2281523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Over the last decade or so, ethical and societal aspects of radiological protection have received increasing attention. This is also reflected in the publications of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The current paper aims at identifying relevant ethical and societal topics which should receive attention in the context of radiological protection for offspring and next generations. MATERIALS AND METHODS We present a non-comprehensive review of the subject, based on presentation made at an ICRP workshop in Budapest in 2022. We first discuss the ethical values promoted by ICRP, and the application of these values in cases of (potential) pre-conceptual and prenatal radiation exposures. We then consider experience gained after the Fukushima accident indicating particular societal concerns about the health effects of such exposures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Beneficence/non-maleficence, prudence, justice and dignity, the "core values" of the system of radiological protection have special roles to play when heritable and/or in utero effects are to be considered. Prudence, in particular, must be taken account of in view of the fact that solid scientific data in humans are largely lacking in this area, and it is necessary to rely on insights from animal experiments as well as theoretical considerations. As regards societal considerations, the perception of risk among (potentially) affected populations needs to be taken seriously. Accountability, transparency, and inclusivity, the "procedural values" promoted by ICRP for the practical implementation of the system of radiological protection play a central role in overcoming skepticism and creating trust. Stakeholder involvement should emphasize cooperation and dialogue, which allows for the joint evaluation of an exposure situation by experts and affected people.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zölzer
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - T Schneider
- Nuclear Protection Evaluation Centre (CEPN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - A Goto
- Center for Integrated Science and Humanities, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - L Liutsko
- Institute for Primary Health Care Research Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAP Jordi Gol) & ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - J Lochard
- Institute of Atomic Bomb Diseases, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Sun M, Moquet J, Lloyd D, Barnard S, Anbalagan S, Steel H, Sommer A, Gothard L, Somaiah N, Ainsbury E. Applicability of Scoring Calyculin A-Induced Premature Chromosome Condensation Objects for Dose Assessment Including for Radiotherapy Patients. Cytogenet Genome Res 2023; 163:143-153. [PMID: 37879308 PMCID: PMC10946622 DOI: 10.1159/000534656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As an extension to a previous study, a linear calibration curve covering doses from 0 to 10 Gy was constructed and evaluated in the present study using calyculin A-induced premature chromosome condensation (PCC) by scoring excess PCC objects. The main aim of this study was to assess the applicability of this PCC assay for doses below 2 Gy that are critical for triage categorization. Two separate blind tests involving a total of 6 doses were carried out; 4 out of 6 dose estimates were within the 95% confidence limits (95% CL) with the other 2 just outside. In addition, blood samples from five cancer patients undergoing external beam radiotherapy (RT) were also analyzed, and the results showed whole-body dose estimates statistically comparable to the dicentric chromosome assay (DCA) results. This is the first time that calyculin A-induced PCC was used to analyze clinical samples by scoring excess objects. Although dose estimates for the pre-RT patient samples were found to be significantly higher than the mean value for the healthy donors and were also significantly higher than those obtained using DCA, all these pre-treatment patients fell into the same category as those who may have received a low dose (<1 Gy) and do not require immediate medical care during emergency triage. Additionally, for radiological accidents with unknown exposure scenario, PCC objects and rings can be scored in parallel for the assessment of both low- and high-dose exposures. In conclusion, scoring excess objects using calyculin A-induced PCC is confirmed to be another potential biodosimetry tool in radiological emergency particularly in mass casualty scenarios, even though the data need to be interpreted with caution when cancer patients are among the casualties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Sun
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, RCEHD, Didcot, UK
| | - Jayne Moquet
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, RCEHD, Didcot, UK
| | - David Lloyd
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, RCEHD, Didcot, UK
| | - Stephen Barnard
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, RCEHD, Didcot, UK
| | - Selvakumar Anbalagan
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), Sutton, UK
| | - Harriet Steel
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), Sutton, UK
| | - Aurore Sommer
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), Sutton, UK
| | - Lone Gothard
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), Sutton, UK
| | - Navita Somaiah
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), Sutton, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, UK
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, RCEHD, Didcot, UK
- Environmental Research Group Within The School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK
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Endesfelder D, Oestreicher U, Bucher M, Beinke C, Siebenwirth C, Ainsbury E, Moquet J, Gruel G, Gregoire E, Martinez JS, Vral A, Baeyens A, Valente M, Montoro A, Terzoudi G, Triantopoulou S, Pantelias A, Gil OM, Prieto MJ, Domene MM, Zafiropoulos D, Barquinero JF, Pujol-Canadell M, Lumniczky K, Hargitai R, Kis E, Testa A, Patrono C, Sommer S, Hristova R, Kostova N, Atanasova M, Sevriukova O, Domínguez I, Pastor N, Güçlü I, Pajic J, Sabatier L, Brochard P, Tichy A, Milanova M, Finot F, Petrenci CC, Wilkins RC, Beaton-Green LA, Seong KM, Lee Y, Lee YH, Balajee AS, Maznyk N, Sypko T, Pham ND, Tran TM, Miura T, Suto Y, Akiyamam M, Tsuyama N, Abe Y, Goh VST, Chua CEL, Abend M, Port M. RENEB Inter-Laboratory Comparison 2021: The Dicentric Chromosome Assay. Radiat Res 2023:492028. [PMID: 37018160 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00202.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
After large-scale radiation accidents where many individuals are suspected to be exposed to ionizing radiation, biological and physical retrospective dosimetry assays are important tools to aid clinical decision making by categorizing individuals into unexposed/minimally, moderately or highly exposed groups. Quality-controlled inter-laboratory comparisons of simulated accident scenarios are regularly performed in the frame of the European legal association RENEB (Running the European Network of Biological and Physical retrospective Dosimetry) to optimize international networking and emergency readiness in case of large-scale radiation events. In total 33 laboratories from 22 countries around the world participated in the current RENEB inter-laboratory comparison 2021 for the dicentric chromosome assay. Blood was irradiated in vitro with X rays (240 kVp, 13 mA, ∼75 keV, 1 Gy/min) to simulate an acute, homogeneous whole-body exposure. Three blood samples (no. 1: 0 Gy, no. 2: 1.2 Gy, no. 3: 3.5 Gy) were sent to each participant and the task was to culture samples, to prepare slides and to assess radiation doses based on the observed dicentric yields from 50 manually or 150 semi-automatically scored metaphases (triage mode scoring). Approximately two-thirds of the participants applied calibration curves from irradiations with γ rays and about 1/3 from irradiations with X rays with varying energies. The categorization of the samples in clinically relevant groups corresponding to individuals that were unexposed/minimally (0-1 Gy), moderately (1-2 Gy) or highly exposed (>2 Gy) was successfully performed by all participants for sample no. 1 and no. 3 and by ≥74% for sample no. 2. However, while most participants estimated a dose of exactly 0 Gy for the sham-irradiated sample, the precise dose estimates of the samples irradiated with doses >0 Gy were systematically higher than the corresponding reference doses and showed a median deviation of 0.5 Gy (sample no. 2) and 0.95 Gy (sample no. 3) for manual scoring. By converting doses estimated based on γ-ray calibration curves to X-ray doses of a comparable mean photon energy as used in this exercise, the median deviation decreased to 0.27 Gy (sample no. 2) and 0.6 Gy (sample no. 3). The main aim of biological dosimetry in the case of a large-scale event is the categorization of individuals into clinically relevant groups, to aid clinical decision making. This task was successfully performed by all participants for the 0 Gy and 3.5 Gy samples and by 74% (manual scoring) and 80% (semi-automatic scoring) for the 1.2 Gy sample. Due to the accuracy of the dicentric chromosome assay and the high number of participating laboratories, a systematic shift of the dose estimates could be revealed. Differences in radiation quality (X ray vs. γ ray) between the test samples and the applied dose effect curves can partly explain the systematic shift. There might be several additional reasons for the observed bias (e.g., donor effects, transport, experimental conditions or the irradiation setup) and the analysis of these reasons provides great opportunities for future research. The participation of laboratories from countries around the world gave the opportunity to compare the results on an international level.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Endesfelder
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - U Oestreicher
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - M Bucher
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - C Beinke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - C Siebenwirth
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - E Ainsbury
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemicals and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Chilton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - J Moquet
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemicals and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Chilton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - G Gruel
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, SERAMED, LRAcc Fontenay-aux-Roses 92262, France
| | - E Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, SERAMED, LRAcc Fontenay-aux-Roses 92262, France
| | - J S Martinez
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, SERAMED, LRAcc Fontenay-aux-Roses 92262, France
| | - A Vral
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - A Baeyens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - M Valente
- Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Radiation Biological, Effects Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - A Montoro
- Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica Servicio de Protección Radiológica Hospital Universitario Politécnico la Fe, Spain
| | - G Terzoudi
- National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos," Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Laboratory, Athens, Greece
| | - S Triantopoulou
- National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos," Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Laboratory, Athens, Greece
| | - A Pantelias
- National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos," Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Laboratory, Athens, Greece
| | - O Monteiro Gil
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M J Prieto
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón; Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica; Laboratorio de dosimetría biológica, Madrid, Spain
| | - M M Domene
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón; Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica; Laboratorio de dosimetría biológica, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Zafiropoulos
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Legnaro, Italy
| | | | | | - K Lumniczky
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - R Hargitai
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E Kis
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Testa
- Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - C Patrono
- Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - S Sommer
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Hristova
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - N Kostova
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - M Atanasova
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - O Sevriukova
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Legnaro, Italy
| | - I Domínguez
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Sevilla, Spain
| | - N Pastor
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Sevilla, Spain
| | - I Güçlü
- Nükleer Arş Ens. Yarımburgaz mah. Nükleer Arş yolu, Turkey
| | - J Pajic
- Serbian Institute of Occupational Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - L Sabatier
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France and Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - P Brochard
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France and Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - A Tichy
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - M Milanova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - F Finot
- Genevolution, Porcheville, France
| | | | - R C Wilkins
- Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - L A Beaton-Green
- Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - K M Seong
- Lab of Biological Dosimetry, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Lee
- Lab of Biological Dosimetry, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Lab of Biological Dosimetry, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A S Balajee
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory; Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS); Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; Oak Ridge Associated Universities; Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - N Maznyk
- aa Radiation Cytogenetics Laboratory; S.P. Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology of Ukrainian National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - T Sypko
- aa Radiation Cytogenetics Laboratory; S.P. Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology of Ukrainian National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - N D Pham
- bb Biodosimetry Laboratory, Center for Radiation Technology & Biotechnology; Dalat Nuclear Research Institute; Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - T M Tran
- bb Biodosimetry Laboratory, Center for Radiation Technology & Biotechnology; Dalat Nuclear Research Institute; Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - T Miura
- cc Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Y Suto
- dd National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Akiyamam
- dd National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - N Tsuyama
- ee Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Y Abe
- ff Department of Radiation Biology and Protection, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - V S T Goh
- ff Department of Radiation Biology and Protection, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - C E L Chua
- gg Department of Radiobiology, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative (SNRSI), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - M Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
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Hernández A, Endesfelder D, Einbeck J, Puig P, Benadjaoud MA, Higueras M, Ainsbury E, Gruel G, Oestreicher U, Barrios L, Barquinero JF. Biodose Tools: an R shiny application for biological dosimetry. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1378-1390. [PMID: 36731491 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2176564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the event of a radiological accident or incident, the aim of biological dosimetry is to convert the yield of a specific biomarker of exposure to ionizing radiation into an absorbed dose. Since the 1980s, various tools have been used to deal with the statistical procedures needed for biological dosimetry, and in general those who made several calculations for different biomarkers were based on closed source software. Here we present a new open source program, Biodose Tools, that has been developed under the umbrella of RENEB (Running the European Network of Biological and retrospective Physical dosimetry). MATERIALS AND METHODS The application has been developed using the R programming language and the shiny package as a framework to create a user-friendly online solution. Since no unique method exists for the different mathematical processes, several meetings and periodic correspondence were held in order to reach a consensus on the solutions to be implemented. RESULTS The current version 3.6.1 supports dose-effect fitting for dicentric and translocation assay. For dose estimation Biodose Tools implements those methods indicated in international guidelines and a specific method to assess heterogeneous exposures. The app can include information on the irradiation conditions to generate the calibration curve. Also, in the dose estimate, information about the accident can be included as well as the explanation of the results obtained. Because the app allows generating a report in various formats, it allows traceability of each biological dosimetry study carried out. The app has been used globally in different exercises and training, which has made it possible to find errors and improve the app itself. There are some features that still need consensus, such as curve fitting and dose estimation using micronucleus analysis. It is also planned to include a package dedicated to interlaboratory comparisons and the incorporation of Bayesian methods for dose estimation. CONCLUSION Biodose Tools provides an open-source solution for biological dosimetry laboratories. The consensus reached helps to harmonize the way in which uncertainties are calculated. In addition, because each laboratory can download and customize the app's source code, it offers a platform to integrate new features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Hernández
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology (BABVE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - David Endesfelder
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising and Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Einbeck
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, and Durham Research Methods Centre, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Pedro Puig
- Department of Mathematics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Matemàtica, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mohamed Amine Benadjaoud
- Radiobiology and Regenerative Medicine Research Service (SERAMED), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Manuel Higueras
- Scientific Computation & Technological Innovation Center (SCoTIC), Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Gaëtan Gruel
- Radiobiology of Accidental Exposure Laboratory (LRAcc), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Ursula Oestreicher
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising and Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Leonardo Barrios
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (BCFI), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joan Francesc Barquinero
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology (BABVE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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7
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Modarai B, Haulon S, Ainsbury E, Böckler D, Vano-Carruana E, Dawson J, Farber M, Van Herzeele I, Hertault A, van Herwaarden J, Patel A, Wanhainen A, Weiss S, Esvs Guidelines Committee, Bastos Gonçalves F, Björck M, Chakfé N, de Borst GJ, Coscas R, Dias NV, Dick F, Hinchliffe RJ, Kakkos SK, Koncar IB, Kolh P, Lindholt JS, Trimarchi S, Tulamo R, Twine CP, Vermassen F, Document Reviewers, Bacher K, Brountzos E, Fanelli F, Fidalgo Domingos LA, Gargiulo M, Mani K, Mastracci TM, Maurel B, Morgan RA, Schneider P. Editor's Choice - European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines on Radiation Safety. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2023; 65:171-222. [PMID: 36130680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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8
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Sun M, Moquet J, Ellender M, Bouffler S, Badie C, Baldwin-Cleland R, Monahan K, Latchford A, Lloyd D, Clark S, Anyamene NA, Ainsbury E, Burling D. Potential risks associated with the use of ionizing radiation for imaging and treatment of colorectal cancer in Lynch syndrome patients. Fam Cancer 2023; 22:61-70. [PMID: 35718836 PMCID: PMC9829596 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-022-00299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to investigate the literature pertaining to the potential risks of low-dose ionizing radiation to Lynch syndrome patients by use of computed tomography (CT), either diagnostic CT colonography (CTC), standard staging CT or CT surveillance. Furthermore, this review explores the potential risks of using radiotherapy for treatment of rectal cancer in these patients. No data or longitudinal observational studies of the impact of radiation exposure on humans with Lynch syndrome were identified. Limited experimental studies utilizing cell lines and primary cells exposed to both low and high radiation doses have been carried out to help determine radio-sensitivity associated with DNA mismatch repair gene deficiency, the defining feature of Lynch syndrome. On balance, these studies suggest that mismatch repair deficient cells may be relatively radio-resistant (particularly for low dose rate exposures) with higher mutation rates, albeit no firm conclusions can be drawn. Mouse model studies, though, showed an increased risk of developing colorectal tumors in mismatch repair deficient mice exposed to radiation doses around 2 Gy. With appropriate ethical approval, further studies investigating radiation risks associated with CT imaging and radiotherapy relevant doses using cells/tissues derived from confirmed Lynch patients or genetically modified animal models are urgently required for future clinical guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Sun
- UK Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, RCEHD, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK.
| | - Jayne Moquet
- UK Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, RCEHD, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ UK
| | - Michele Ellender
- UK Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, RCEHD, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ UK
| | - Simon Bouffler
- UK Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, RCEHD, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ UK
| | - Christophe Badie
- UK Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, RCEHD, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ UK ,Environmental Research Group Within the School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, W12 0BZ UK
| | - Rachel Baldwin-Cleland
- Intestinal Imaging Centre, St Mark’s Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ UK
| | - Kevin Monahan
- Lynch Syndrome Clinic, Centre for Familial Intestinal Cancer, St Mark’s Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ UK
| | - Andrew Latchford
- Lynch Syndrome Clinic, Centre for Familial Intestinal Cancer, St Mark’s Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ UK
| | - David Lloyd
- UK Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, RCEHD, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ UK
| | - Susan Clark
- Lynch Syndrome Clinic, Centre for Familial Intestinal Cancer, St Mark’s Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ UK
| | - Nicola A. Anyamene
- East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Rickmansworth Road, Northwood, HA6 2RN Middlesex UK
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- UK Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, RCEHD, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ UK ,Environmental Research Group Within the School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, W12 0BZ UK
| | - David Burling
- Intestinal Imaging Centre, St Mark’s Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ UK
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9
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Abdelhalim MA, Patel A, Moquet J, Smith A, Badie C, Anderson R, Ainsbury E, Modarai B. O003 Radiation-related chromosomal aberrations observed in high volume endovascular operators performing X-ray guided surgery. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac242.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The biological effects of chronic, low dose radiation, to which operators performing fluoroscopy-guided procedures are exposed, are unknown. We have previously demonstrated acute DNA damage/repair in lymphocytes from operators performing fluoroscopy-guided endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), but these markers normalised after 24 hours and did not inform on the residual accumulated effects of chronic radiation exposure. In the present study cytogenetic techniques were used to examine for chromosomal aberrations in endovascular operators.
Methods
Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated from high volume endovascular operators performing EVAR and age-matched radiation naïve general surgeons as controls. Giemsa staining was used to visualise the full complement of chromosomes and all dicentrics, where 2 centromeres are present in a single chromosome, were identified. The genome was analysed for abnormal exchanges of genetic material between chromosomes using multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridisation (mFISH).
Results
Lymphocytes from 18 operators (12 exposed, 6 controls) were analysed. A higher frequency of dicentric chromosomes were found in exposed operators compared with controls (0.0011 vs 0.0004, respectively, P=0.002) after examining 54,000 lymphocytes. Twice as many complex chromosome rearrangements were seen in endovascular operators compared with controls (0.48% vs 0.24%). Aneuploidy, the abnormal loss of chromosomes, was more frequent in endovascular operators with a median difference of 0.35 per chromosome (P=0.004).
Conclusion
We have found a higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations in endovascular operators compared with radiation naïve colleagues. This justifies further individual biological profiling for genomic instability and personalised radiation risk assessment.
Take-home message
Radiation-related DNA damage occurs in endovascular operators despite current radiation protection measures. Biological dosimetry could be a useful tool, allowing personalised risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- MA Abdelhalim
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London, BHF Centre of Excellence at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK
| | - A Patel
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London, BHF Centre of Excellence at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK
| | - J Moquet
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation , Chemical and Environmental Threats and Hazards, Chilton, Oxfordshire
| | - A Smith
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London, BHF Centre of Excellence at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK
| | - C Badie
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation , Chemical and Environmental Threats and Hazards, Chilton, Oxfordshire
| | - R Anderson
- Centre for Health Effects of Radiological and Chemical Agents, Brunel University
| | - E Ainsbury
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation , Chemical and Environmental Threats and Hazards, Chilton, Oxfordshire
| | - B Modarai
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London, BHF Centre of Excellence at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK
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10
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Abdelhalim MA, Patel A, Moquet J, Saha P, Smith A, Badie C, Anderson R, Ainsbury E, Modarai B. Higher Incidence of Chromosomal Aberrations in Operators Performing a Large Volume of Endovascular Procedures. Circulation 2022; 145:1808-1810. [PMID: 35696458 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.058139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abdelhalim
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence and Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom (M.A.A., A.P., P.S., A.S., B.M.)
| | - Ashish Patel
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence and Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom (M.A.A., A.P., P.S., A.S., B.M.)
| | - Jayne Moquet
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Threats and Hazards, Chilton, United Kingdom (J.M., C.B., E.A.)
| | - Prakash Saha
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence and Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom (M.A.A., A.P., P.S., A.S., B.M.)
| | - Alberto Smith
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence and Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom (M.A.A., A.P., P.S., A.S., B.M.)
| | - Christophe Badie
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Threats and Hazards, Chilton, United Kingdom (J.M., C.B., E.A.)
| | - Rhona Anderson
- Centre for Health Effects of Radiological and Chemical Agents, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, United Kingdom (R.A.)
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Threats and Hazards, Chilton, United Kingdom (J.M., C.B., E.A.)
| | - Bijan Modarai
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence and Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom (M.A.A., A.P., P.S., A.S., B.M.)
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11
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Swartz HM, Wilkins RC, Ainsbury E, Port M, Barry Flood A, Trompier F, Roy L, Swarts SG. What if a major radiation incident happened during a pandemic? - Considerations of the impact on biodosimetry. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:825-830. [PMID: 34730484 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.2000659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harold M Swartz
- Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Ruth C Wilkins
- Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Affiliated to the University of Ulm, Munich, Germany
| | - Ann Barry Flood
- Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - François Trompier
- Department for Research on Dosimetry, IRSN, Fontenay-aux-roses, France
| | - Laurence Roy
- Department for Research on the Biological and Health Effects of Ionising Radiation, IRSN, Fontenay-aux-roses, France
| | - Steven G Swarts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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12
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Ahmadi M, Barnard S, Ainsbury E, Kadhim M. Early Responses to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation in Cellular Lens Epithelial Models. Radiat Res 2021; 197:78-91. [PMID: 34324666 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00284.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cataract is the leading cause of visual impairment which can result in blindness. Cataract formation has been associated with radiation exposure; however, the mechanistic understanding of this phenomenon is still lacking. The goal of this study was to investigate mechanisms of cataract induction in isolated lens epithelial cells (LEC) exposed to ionizing radiation. Human LECs from different genetic backgrounds (SV40 immortalized HLE-B3 and primary HLEC cells) were exposed to varying doses of 137Cs gamma rays (0, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 Gy), at low (0.065 Gy/min) and higher (0.3 Gy/min) dose rates. Different assays were used to measure LEC response for, e.g., viability, oxidative stress, DNA damage studies, senescence and changes to telomere length/telomerase activity at two time points (1 h and 24 h, or 24 h and 15 days, depending on the type of assay and expected response time). The viability of cells decreased in a dose-dependent manner within 24 h of irradiation. Measurement of reactive oxygen species showed an increase at 1 h postirradiation, which was alleviated within 24 h. This was consistent with DNA damage results showing high DNA damage after 1 h postirradiation which reduced significantly (but not completely) within 24 h. Induction of senescence was also observed 15 days postirradiation, but this was not attributed to telomere erosion or telomerase activity reduction. Overall, these findings provide a mechanistic understanding of low-dose radiation-induced cataractogenesis which will ultimately help to inform judgements on the magnitude of risk and improve existing radiation protection procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ahmadi
- Genomic Instability and Cell Communication Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Science, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Kidney Genetics Group, Academic Unit of Nephrology, The Medical School, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Barnard
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Munira Kadhim
- Genomic Instability and Cell Communication Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Science, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
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13
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Nuta O, Bouffler S, Lloyd D, Ainsbury E, Sepai O, Rothkamm K. Investigating the impact of long term exposure to chemical agents on the chromosomal radiosensitivity using human lymphoblastoid GM1899A cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12616. [PMID: 34135387 PMCID: PMC8209142 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91957-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of chronic low-level exposure to chemical carcinogens with different modes of action on the cellular response to ionising radiation. Human lymphoblastoid GM1899A cells were cultured in the presence of 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide (4NQO), N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for up to 6 months at the highest non-(geno)toxic concentration identified in pilot experiments. Acute challenge doses of 1 Gy X-rays were given and chromosome damage (dicentrics, acentric fragments, micronuclei, chromatid gaps/breaks) was scored. Chronic exposure to 20 ng/ml 4NQO, 0.25 μg/ml MNU or 10 μM H2O2 hardly induced dicentrics and did not significantly alter the yield of X-ray-induced dicentrics. Significant levels of acentric fragments were induced by all chemicals, which did not change during long-term exposure. Fragment data in combined treatment samples compared to single treatments were consistent with an additive effect of chemical and radiation exposure. Low level exposure to 4NQO induced micronuclei, the yields of which did not change throughout the 6 month exposure period. As for fragments, micronuclei yields for combined treatments were consistent with an additive effect of chemical and radiation. These results suggest that cellular radiation responses are not affected by long-term low-level chemical exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otilia Nuta
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, Oxon, UK.
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr 53, 01000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
| | - Simon Bouffler
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, Oxon, UK
| | - David Lloyd
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, Oxon, UK
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, Oxon, UK
| | - Ovnair Sepai
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, Oxon, UK
| | - Kai Rothkamm
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, Oxon, UK
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Harrison RM, Ainsbury E, Alves J, Bottollier-Depois JF, Breustedt B, Caresana M, Clairand I, Fantuzzi E, Fattibene P, Gilvin P, Hupe O, Knežević Ž, Lopez MA, Olko P, Olšovcová V, Rabus H, Rühm W, Silari M, Stolarczyk L, Tanner R, Vanhavere F, Vargas A, Woda C. EURADOS STRATEGIC RESEARCH AGENDA 2020: VISION FOR THE DOSIMETRY OF IONISING RADIATION. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2021; 194:42-56. [PMID: 33989429 PMCID: PMC8165425 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Since 2012, the European Radiation Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) has developed its Strategic Research Agenda (SRA), which contributes to the identification of future research needs in radiation dosimetry in Europe. Continued scientific developments in this field necessitate regular updates and, consequently, this paper summarises the latest revision of the SRA, with input regarding the state of the art and vision for the future contributed by EURADOS Working Groups and through a stakeholder workshop. Five visions define key issues in dosimetry research that are considered important over at least the next decade. They include scientific objectives and developments in (i) updated fundamental dose concepts and quantities, (ii) improved radiation risk estimates deduced from epidemiological cohorts, (iii) efficient dose assessment for radiological emergencies, (iv) integrated personalised dosimetry in medical applications and (v) improved radiation protection of workers and the public. This SRA will be used as a guideline for future activities of EURADOS Working Groups but can also be used as guidance for research in radiation dosimetry by the wider community. It will also be used as input for a general European research roadmap for radiation protection, following similar previous contributions to the European Joint Programme for the Integration of Radiation Protection Research, under the Horizon 2020 programme (CONCERT). The full version of the SRA is available as a EURADOS report (www.eurados.org).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E Ainsbury
- Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, UK
| | - J Alves
- Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), CTN, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J-F Bottollier-Depois
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
| | - B Breustedt
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - I Clairand
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
| | - E Fantuzzi
- ENEA - Radiation Protection Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Fattibene
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - P Gilvin
- Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, UK
| | - O Hupe
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Ž Knežević
- Ruđer Bošković Institute (RBI), Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M A Lopez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - P Olko
- Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej Polskiej Akademii Nauk (IFJ PAN), Kraków, Poland
| | - V Olšovcová
- ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic
| | - H Rabus
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - W Rühm
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - M Silari
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - L Stolarczyk
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus, Denmark
- Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej Polskiej Akademii Nauk (IFJ PAN), Kraków, Poland
| | - R Tanner
- Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, UK
| | - F Vanhavere
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - A Vargas
- Institute of Energy Technologies, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Woda
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Neuherberg, Germany
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15
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Waldner L, Bernhardsson C, Woda C, Trompier F, Van Hoey O, Kulka U, Oestreicher U, Bassinet C, Rääf C, Discher M, Endesfelder D, Eakins JS, Gregoire E, Wojcik A, Ristic Y, Kim H, Lee J, Yu H, Kim MC, Abend M, Ainsbury E. The 2019-2020 EURADOS WG10 and RENEB Field Test of Retrospective Dosimetry Methods in a Small-Scale Incident Involving Ionizing Radiation. Radiat Res 2021; 195:253-264. [PMID: 33347576 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00243.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
With the use of ionizing radiation comes the risk of accidents and malevolent misuse. When unplanned exposures occur, there are several methods which can be used to retrospectively reconstruct individual radiation exposures; biological methods include analysis of aberrations and damage of chromosomes and DNA, while physical methods rely on luminescence (TL/OSL) or EPR signals. To ensure the quality and dependability of these methods, they should be evaluated under realistic exposure conditions. In 2019, EURADOS Working Group 10 and RENEB organized a field test with the purpose of evaluating retrospective dosimetry methods as carried out in potential real-life exposure scenarios. A 1.36 TBq 192Ir source was used to irradiate anthropomorphic phantoms in different geometries at doses of several Gy in an outdoor open-air geometry. Materials intended for accident dosimetry (including mobile phones and blood) were placed on the phantoms together with reference dosimeters (LiF, NaCl, glass). The objective was to estimate radiation exposures received by individuals as measured using blood and fortuitous materials, and to evaluate these methods by comparing the estimated doses to reference measurements and Monte Carlo simulations. Herein we describe the overall planning, goals, execution and preliminary outcomes of the 2019 field test. Such field tests are essential for the development of new and existing methods. The outputs from this field test include useful experience in terms of planning and execution of future exercises, with respect to time management, radiation protection, and reference dosimetry to be considered to obtain relevant data for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Waldner
- Lund University, Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Radiation Physics, Malmö, Sweden
| | - C Bernhardsson
- Lund University, Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Radiation Physics, Malmö, Sweden
| | - C Woda
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - F Trompier
- Lund University, Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Radiation Physics, Malmö, Sweden
| | - O Van Hoey
- Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Belgium
| | - U Kulka
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Department of Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - U Oestreicher
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Department of Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - C Bassinet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - C Rääf
- Lund University, Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Radiation Physics, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M Discher
- Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Department of Geography and Geology, Salzburg, Austria
| | - D Endesfelder
- Lund University, Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Radiation Physics, Malmö, Sweden
| | - J S Eakins
- Public Health England, CRCE, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - E Gregoire
- Lund University, Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Radiation Physics, Malmö, Sweden
| | - A Wojcik
- Stockholm University, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Sweden and Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Y Ristic
- Lund University, Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Radiation Physics, Malmö, Sweden
| | - H Kim
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Division of Radiation Safety Management, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Division of Radiation Safety Management, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - H Yu
- Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, Department of Radiological Emergency Preparedness, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - M C Kim
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Division of Radiation Safety Management, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - M Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - E Ainsbury
- Public Health England, CRCE, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
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16
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Shirley BC, Knoll JHM, Moquet J, Ainsbury E, Pham ND, Norton F, Wilkins RC, Rogan PK. Estimating partial-body ionizing radiation exposure by automated cytogenetic biodosimetry. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:1492-1503. [PMID: 32910711 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1820611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inhomogeneous exposures to ionizing radiation can be detected and quantified with the dicentric chromosome assay (DCA) of metaphase cells. Complete automation of interpretation of the DCA for whole-body irradiation has significantly improved throughput without compromising accuracy, however, low levels of residual false positive dicentric chromosomes (DCs) have confounded its application for partial-body exposure determination. MATERIALS AND METHODS We describe a method of estimating and correcting for false positive DCs in digitally processed images of metaphase cells. Nearly all DCs detected in unirradiated calibration samples are introduced by digital image processing. DC frequencies of irradiated calibration samples and those exposed to unknown radiation levels are corrected subtracting this false positive fraction from each. In partial-body exposures, the fraction of cells exposed, and radiation dose can be quantified after applying this modification of the contaminated Poisson method. RESULTS Dose estimates of three partially irradiated samples diverged 0.2-2.5 Gy from physical doses and irradiated cell fractions deviated by 2.3%-15.8% from the known levels. Synthetic partial-body samples comprised of unirradiated and 3 Gy samples from 4 laboratories were correctly discriminated as inhomogeneous by multiple criteria. Root mean squared errors of these dose estimates ranged from 0.52 to 1.14 Gy2 and from 8.1 to 33.3%2 for the fraction of cells irradiated. CONCLUSIONS Automated DCA can differentiate whole- from partial-body radiation exposures and provides timely quantification of estimated whole-body equivalent dose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joan H M Knoll
- CytoGnomix Inc., London, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter K Rogan
- CytoGnomix Inc., London, Canada.,Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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17
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Sun M, Moquet J, Lloyd D, Ainsbury E. A faster and easier biodosimetry method based on calyculin A-induced premature chromosome condensation (PCC) by scoring excess objects. J Radiol Prot 2020; 40:892-905. [PMID: 32590374 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/aba085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dicentric analysis and the ring PCC assay as established biodosimetry methods both have limitations in the estimation of absorbed doses in suspected overexposure cases between 5 and 10 Gy. The proposed method based on calyculin A-induced PCC overcomes these limitations by scoring excess objects as the endpoint. This new scoring method can potentially serve as a faster and up-scalable approach that complements the existing methods with higher accuracy at different dose ranges. It can also potentially be performed by less skilled workers when no automated system is available in mass casualty emergency cases to assist with the triage of patients. Additionally, it offers the possibility to further reduce the sample size and PCC induction time. In this pilot study, a calibration curve for excess objects was constructed using the new scoring method for the first time and a blind validation test composed of three unknown doses was carried out. Almost all the dose estimates were within the 95% confidence limits of the actual test doses by scoring only 50-100 PCC spreads. This method was found to be more accurate than ring PCC for doses below 10 Gy.
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18
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Sun M, Moquet J, Barnard S, Lloyd D, Ainsbury E. A Simplified Calyculin A-Induced Premature Chromosome Condensation (PCC) Protocol for the Biodosimetric Analysis of High-Dose Exposure to Gamma Radiation. Radiat Res 2020; 193:560-568. [PMID: 32216709 DOI: 10.1667/rr15538.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chemical-induced premature chromosome condensation (PCC) is an alternative biodosimetry method to the gold-standard dicentric analysis for ionizing radiation. However, existing literature shows great variations in the experimental protocols which, together with the different scoring criteria applied in individual studies, result in large discrepancies in the coefficients of the calibration curves. The current study is based on an extensive review of the peer-reviewed literature on the chemical-induced ring PCC (rPCC) assay for high-dose exposure. For the first time, a simplified yet effective protocol was developed and tested in an attempt to reduce the scoring time and to increase the accuracy of dose estimation. Briefly, the protein phosphatase inhibitor, calyculin A, was selected over okadaic acid for higher efficiency. Colcemid block was omitted and only G2-PCC cells were scored. Strict scoring criteria for total rings and hollow rings only were described to minimize the uncertainty resulting from scoring ring-like artefacts. It was found that ring aberrations followed a Poisson distribution and the dose-effect relationship favored a linear fit with an α value of 0.0499 ± 0.0028 Gy-1 for total rings and 0.0361 ± 0.0031 Gy-1 for hollow rings only. The calibration curves constructed by scoring ring aberrations were directly compared between the simplified calyculin A-induced PCC protocol and that of the cell fusion-induced PCC for high-dose exposure to gamma rays. The technical practicalities of these two methods were also compared; and our blind validation tests showed that both assays were feasible for high-dose γ-ray exposure assessment even when only hollow rings in 100 PCC spreads were scored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Sun
- Radiation Effects Department, Public Health England (PHE), Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Jayne Moquet
- Radiation Effects Department, Public Health England (PHE), Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Barnard
- Radiation Effects Department, Public Health England (PHE), Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - David Lloyd
- Radiation Effects Department, Public Health England (PHE), Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Radiation Effects Department, Public Health England (PHE), Didcot, United Kingdom
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19
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Rühm W, Ainsbury E, Breustedt B, Caresana M, Gilvin P, Knežević Ž, Rabus H, Stolarczyk L, Vargas A, Bottollier-Depois J, Harrison R, Lopez M, Stadtmann H, Tanner R, Vanhavere F, Woda C, Clairand I, Fantuzzi E, Fattibene P, Hupe O, Olko P, Olšovcová V, Schuhmacher H, Alves J, Miljanic S. The European radiation dosimetry group – Review of recent scientific achievements. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Alam A, Harbron R, Abdelhalim M, Patel A, Ainsbury E, Eakins J, Modarai B. Radiation Exposure Associated with Endovascular Aortic Repair and the Lifetime Risk of Malignancy. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Barnard SGR, McCarron R, Moquet J, Quinlan R, Ainsbury E. Inverse dose-rate effect of ionising radiation on residual 53BP1 foci in the eye lens. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10418. [PMID: 31320710 PMCID: PMC6639373 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46893-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of dose rate on radiation cataractogenesis has yet to be extensively studied. One recent epidemiological investigation suggested that protracted radiation exposure increases radiation-induced cataract risk: cumulative doses of radiation mostly <100 mGy received by US radiologic technologists over 5 years were associated with an increased excess hazard ratio for cataract development. However, there are few mechanistic studies to support and explain such observations. Low-dose radiation-induced DNA damage in the epithelial cells of the eye lens (LECs) has been proposed as a possible contributor to cataract formation and thus visual impairment. Here, 53BP1 foci was used as a marker of DNA damage. Unexpectedly, the number of 53BP1 foci that persisted in the mouse lens samples after γ-radiation exposure increased with decreasing dose-rate at 4 and 24 h. The C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 0.5, 1 and 2 Gy ƴ-radiation at 0.063 and 0.3 Gy/min and also 0.5 Gy at 0.014 Gy/min. This contrasts the data we obtained for peripheral blood lymphocytes collected from the same animal groups, which showed the expected reduction of residual 53BP1 foci with reducing dose-rate. These findings highlight the likely importance of dose-rate in low-dose cataract formation and, furthermore, represent the first evidence that LECs process radiation damage differently to blood lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen G R Barnard
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK.
- Durham University, Department of Biosciences, Durham, UK.
| | - Roisin McCarron
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK
| | - Jayne Moquet
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK
| | - Roy Quinlan
- Durham University, Department of Biosciences, Durham, UK.
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK
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22
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Sun M, Moquet J, Barnard S, Lloyd D, Ainsbury E. Scoring rings in the cell fusion-induced premature chromosome condensation (PCC) assay for high dose radiation exposure estimation after gamma-ray exposure. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1259-1267. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1625465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Sun
- Department of Radiation Effects, Public Health England, Didcot, UK
| | - Jayne Moquet
- Department of Radiation Effects, Public Health England, Didcot, UK
| | - Stephen Barnard
- Department of Radiation Effects, Public Health England, Didcot, UK
| | - David Lloyd
- Department of Radiation Effects, Public Health England, Didcot, UK
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23
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Kulka U, Wojcik A, Di Giorgio M, Wilkins R, Suto Y, Jang S, Quing-Jie L, Jiaxiang L, Ainsbury E, Woda C, Roy L, Li C, Lloyd D, Carr Z. BIODOSIMETRY AND BIODOSIMETRY NETWORKS FOR MANAGING RADIATION EMERGENCY. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2018; 182:128-138. [PMID: 30423161 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biological dosimetry enables individual dose reconstruction in the case of unclear or inconsistent radiation exposure situations, especially when a direct measurement of ionizing radiation is not or is no longer possible. To be prepared for large-scale radiological incidents, networking between well-trained laboratories has been identified as a useful approach for provision of the fast and trustworthy dose assessments needed in such circumstances. To this end, various biodosimetry laboratories worldwide have joined forces and set up regional and/or nationwide networks either on a formal or informal basis. Many of these laboratories are also a part of global networks such as those organized by World Health Organization, International Atomic Energy Agency or Global Health Security Initiative. In the present report, biodosimetry networks from different parts of the world are presented, and the partners, activities and cooperation actions are detailed. Moreover, guidance for situational application of tools used for individual dosimetry is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Kulka
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Salzgitter, Germany
| | - A Wojcik
- Stockholm University, Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Di Giorgio
- Autoridad Regulatoria Nuclear, C1429BNP CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Wilkins
- Health Canada, Radiation Protection Bureau, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Y Suto
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Jang
- Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - L Quing-Jie
- National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - L Jiaxiang
- National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - E Ainsbury
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, UK
| | - C Woda
- HelmholtzZentrum München, Institute of Radiation Protection, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - L Roy
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - C Li
- Health Canada, Radiation Protection Bureau, Ottawa, Canada
| | - D Lloyd
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, UK
| | - Z Carr
- World Health Organization, Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health, Geneva-27, Switzerland
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24
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Moquet J, Higueras M, Donovan E, Boyle S, Barnard S, Bricknell C, Sun M, Gothard L, O’Brien G, Cruz-Garcia L, Badie C, Ainsbury E, Somaiah N. Dicentric Dose Estimates for Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy in the RTGene Study to Assess Blood Dosimetric Models and the New Bayesian Method for Gradient Exposure. Radiat Res 2018; 190:596-604. [PMID: 30234457 PMCID: PMC6426678 DOI: 10.1667/rr15116.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The RTGene study was focused on the development and validation of new transcriptional biomarkers for prediction of individual radiotherapy patient responses to ionizing radiation. In parallel, for validation purposes, this study incorporated conventional biomarkers of radiation exposure, including the dicentric assay. Peripheral blood samples were taken with ethical approval and informed consent from a total of 20 patients undergoing external beam radiotherapy for breast, lung, gastrointestinal or genitourinary tumors. For the dicentric assay, two samples were taken from each patient: prior to radiotherapy and before the final fraction. Blood samples were set up using standard methods for the dicentric assay. All the baseline samples had dicentric frequencies consistent with the expected background for the normal population. For blood taken before the final fraction, all the samples displayed distributions of aberrations, which are indicative of partial-body exposures. Whole-body and partial-body cytogenetic doses were calculated with reference to a 250-kVp X-ray calibration curve and then compared to the dose to blood derived using two newly developed blood dosimetric models. Initial comparisons indicated that the relationship between these measures of dose appear very promising, with a correlation of 0.88 (P = 0.001). A new Bayesian zero-inflated Poisson finite mixture method was applied to the dicentric data, and partial-body dose estimates showed no significant difference (P > 0.999) from those calculated by the contaminated Poisson technique. The next step will be further development and validation in a larger patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayne Moquet
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ellen Donovan
- Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Boyle
- Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), Sutton, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Barnard
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Bricknell
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mingzhu Sun
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, United Kingdom
| | - Lone Gothard
- Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), Sutton, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Grainne O’Brien
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, United Kingdom
| | - Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, United Kingdom
| | - Christophe Badie
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, United Kingdom
| | - Navita Somaiah
- Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), Sutton, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
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25
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Cruz-Garcia L, O’Brien G, Donovan E, Gothard L, Boyle S, Laval A, Testard I, Ponge L, Woźniak G, Miszczyk L, Candéias SM, Ainsbury E, Widlak P, Somaiah N, Badie C. Influence of Confounding Factors on Radiation Dose Estimation Using In Vivo Validated Transcriptional Biomarkers. Health Phys 2018; 115:90-101. [PMID: 29787434 PMCID: PMC5967635 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000000844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
For triage purposes following a nuclear accident, blood-based gene expression biomarkers can provide rapid dose estimates for a large number of individuals. Ionizing-radiation-responsive genes are regulated through the DNA damage-response pathway, which includes activation of multiple transcription factors. Modulators of this pathway could potentially affect the response of these biomarkers and consequently compromise accurate dose estimation calculations. In the present study, four potential confounding factors were selected: cancer condition, sex, simulated bacterial infection (lipopolysaccharide), and curcumin, an anti-inflammatory/antioxidant agent. Their potential influence on the transcriptional response to radiation of the genes CCNG1 and PHPT1, two biomarkers of radiation exposure ex vivo, was assessed. First, both CCNG1 and PHPT1 were detected in vivo in blood samples from radiotherapy patients and as such were validated as biomarkers of exposure. Importantly, their basal expression level was slightly but significantly affected in vivo by patients' cancer condition. Moreover, lipopolysaccharide stimulation of blood irradiated ex vivo led to a significant modification of CCNG1 and PHPT1 transcriptional response in a dose- and time-dependent manner with opposite regulatory effects. Curcumin also affected CCNG1 and PHPT1 transcriptional response counteracting some of the radiation induction. No differences were observed based on sex. Dose estimations calculated using linear regression were affected by lipopolysaccharide and curcumin. In conclusion, several confounding factors tested in this study can indeed modulate the transcriptional response of CCNG1 and PHPT1 and consequently can affect radiation exposure dose estimations but not to a level which should prevent the biomarkers' use for triage purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 ORQ United Kingdom
| | - Grainne O’Brien
- Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 ORQ United Kingdom
| | - Ellen Donovan
- Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7TE, UK
| | - Lone Gothard
- Institute for Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Sue Boyle
- Institute for Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Antoine Laval
- CEA, DRF, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France. CNRS, LCBM, UMR 5249, F-38000 Grenoble, France.Univ. Grenoble Alpes, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Testard
- CEA, DRF, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France. CNRS, LCBM, UMR 5249, F-38000 Grenoble, France.Univ. Grenoble Alpes, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Lucyna Ponge
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute – Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Woźniak
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute – Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Leszek Miszczyk
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute – Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Serge M. Candéias
- CEA, DRF, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France. CNRS, LCBM, UMR 5249, F-38000 Grenoble, France.Univ. Grenoble Alpes, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 ORQ United Kingdom
| | - Piotr Widlak
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute – Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Navita Somaiah
- Institute for Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Christophe Badie
- Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 ORQ United Kingdom
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26
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Tichy A, Kabacik S, O’Brien G, Pejchal J, Sinkorova Z, Kmochova A, Sirak I, Malkova A, Beltran CG, Gonzalez JR, Grepl J, Majewski M, Ainsbury E, Zarybnicka L, Vachelova J, Zavrelova A, Davidkova M, Markova Stastna M, Abend M, Pernot E, Cardis E, Badie C. The first in vivo multiparametric comparison of different radiation exposure biomarkers in human blood. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193412. [PMID: 29474504 PMCID: PMC5825084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing risk of acute large-scale radiological/nuclear exposures of population underlines the necessity of developing new, rapid and high throughput biodosimetric tools for estimation of received dose and initial triage. We aimed to compare the induction and persistence of different radiation exposure biomarkers in human peripheral blood in vivo. Blood samples of patients with indicated radiotherapy (RT) undergoing partial body irradiation (PBI) were obtained soon before the first treatment and then after 24 h, 48 h, and 5 weeks; i.e. after 1, 2, and 25 fractionated RT procedures. We collected circulating peripheral blood from ten patients with tumor of endometrium (1.8 Gy per fraction) and eight patients with tumor of head and neck (2.0–2.121 Gy per fraction). Incidence of dicentrics and micronuclei was monitored as well as determination of apoptosis and the transcription level of selected radiation-responsive genes. Since mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been reported to be a potential indicator of radiation damage in vitro, we also assessed mtDNA content and deletions by novel multiplex quantitative PCR. Cytogenetic data confirmed linear dose-dependent increase in dicentrics (p < 0.01) and micronuclei (p < 0.001) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after PBI. Significant up-regulations of five previously identified transcriptional biomarkers of radiation exposure (PHPT1, CCNG1, CDKN1A, GADD45, and SESN1) were also found (p < 0.01). No statistical change in mtDNA deletion levels was detected; however, our data indicate that the total mtDNA content decreased with increasing number of RT fractions. Interestingly, the number of micronuclei appears to correlate with late radiation toxicity (r2 = 0.9025) in endometrial patients suggesting the possibility of predicting the severity of RT-related toxicity by monitoring this parameter. Overall, these data represent, to our best knowledge, the first study providing a multiparametric comparison of radiation biomarkers in human blood in vivo, which have potential for improving biological dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Tichy
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Sylwia Kabacik
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health of England, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Grainne O’Brien
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health of England, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Jaroslav Pejchal
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Sinkorova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Adela Kmochova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Sirak
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy and 4th Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Malkova
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jakub Grepl
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy and 4th Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | | | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health of England, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Lenka Zarybnicka
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Vachelova
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alzbeta Zavrelova
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy and 4th Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Davidkova
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health of England, Didcot, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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27
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O'Brien G, Cruz-Garcia L, Majewski M, Grepl J, Abend M, Port M, Tichý A, Sirak I, Malkova A, Donovan E, Gothard L, Boyle S, Somaiah N, Ainsbury E, Ponge L, Slosarek K, Miszczyk L, Widlak P, Green E, Patel N, Kudari M, Gleeson F, Vinnikov V, Starenkiy V, Artiukh S, Vasyliev L, Zaman A, Badie C. FDXR is a biomarker of radiation exposure in vivo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:684. [PMID: 29330481 PMCID: PMC5766591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-19043-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous investigations in gene expression changes in blood after radiation exposure have highlighted its potential to provide biomarkers of exposure. Here, FDXR transcriptional changes in blood were investigated in humans undergoing a range of external radiation exposure procedures covering several orders of magnitude (cardiac fluoroscopy, diagnostic computed tomography (CT)) and treatments (total body and local radiotherapy). Moreover, a method was developed to assess the dose to the blood using physical exposure parameters. FDXR expression was significantly up-regulated 24 hr after radiotherapy in most patients and continuously during the fractionated treatment. Significance was reached even after diagnostic CT 2 hours post-exposure. We further showed that no significant differences in expression were found between ex vivo and in vivo samples from the same patients. Moreover, potential confounding factors such as gender, infection status and anti-oxidants only affect moderately FDXR transcription. Finally, we provided a first in vivo dose-response showing dose-dependency even for very low doses or partial body exposure showing good correlation between physically and biologically assessed doses. In conclusion, we report the remarkable responsiveness of FDXR to ionising radiation at the transcriptional level which, when measured in the right time window, provides accurate in vivo dose estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gráinne O'Brien
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jakub Grepl
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences in Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, Hradec Králové University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Aleš Tichý
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences in Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, Hradec Králové University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Sirak
- Department of Oncology & Radiotherapy and 4th Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Malkova
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Ellen Donovan
- Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7TE, United Kingdom
| | - Lone Gothard
- Institute of Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5PT, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Boyle
- Institute of Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5PT, United Kingdom
| | - Navita Somaiah
- Institute of Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5PT, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Lucyna Ponge
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Slosarek
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Leszek Miszczyk
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Piotr Widlak
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Edward Green
- Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Neel Patel
- Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mahesh Kudari
- Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Fergus Gleeson
- Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Volodymyr Vinnikov
- Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology, National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Viktor Starenkiy
- Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology, National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Sergii Artiukh
- Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology, National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Leonid Vasyliev
- Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology, National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Azfar Zaman
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital and Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Christophe Badie
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.
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Barnard S, Moquet J, Lloyd S, Ellender M, Ainsbury E, Quinlan R. Radiation-induced cataracts. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.03682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Barnard
- Public Health England; Radiation Effects Didcot UK
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences; Durham University; Durham UK
| | - J. Moquet
- Public Health England; Radiation Effects Didcot UK
| | - S. Lloyd
- Public Health England; Radiation Effects Didcot UK
- School of Biosciences; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
| | - M. Ellender
- Public Health England; Radiation Effects Didcot UK
| | - E. Ainsbury
- Public Health England; Radiation Effects Didcot UK
| | - R. Quinlan
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences; Durham University; Durham UK
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29
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Wojcik A, Oestreicher U, Barrios L, Vral A, Terzoudi G, Ainsbury E, Rothkamm K, Trompier F, Kulka U. The RENEB operational basis: complement of established biodosimetric assays. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 93:15-19. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1235296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wojcik
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden and Jan Kochanowski University, Institute for Biology, Kielce, Poland
| | - Ursula Oestreicher
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Anne Vral
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Georgia Terzoudi
- National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Kai Rothkamm
- Public Health England, CRCE, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK
- University Medical Center Hamburg, Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francois Trompier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Ulrike Kulka
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Oestreicher U, Samaga D, Ainsbury E, Antunes AC, Baeyens A, Barrios L, Beinke C, Beukes P, Blakely WF, Cucu A, De Amicis A, Depuydt J, De Sanctis S, Di Giorgio M, Dobos K, Dominguez I, Duy PN, Espinoza ME, Flegal FN, Figel M, Garcia O, Monteiro Gil O, Gregoire E, Guerrero-Carbajal C, Güçlü İ, Hadjidekova V, Hande P, Kulka U, Lemon J, Lindholm C, Lista F, Lumniczky K, Martinez-Lopez W, Maznyk N, Meschini R, M’kacher R, Montoro A, Moquet J, Moreno M, Noditi M, Pajic J, Radl A, Ricoul M, Romm H, Roy L, Sabatier L, Sebastià N, Slabbert J, Sommer S, Stuck Oliveira M, Subramanian U, Suto Y, Que T, Testa A, Terzoudi G, Vral A, Wilkins R, Yanti L, Zafiropoulos D, Wojcik A. RENEB intercomparisons applying the conventional Dicentric Chromosome Assay (DCA). Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 93:20-29. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1233370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Oestreicher
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Samaga
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Ana Catarina Antunes
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Christina Beinke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Munich, Germany
| | | | - William F. Blakely
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Service University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA
| | | | | | - Julie Depuydt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Katalin Dobos
- National Research Institute for Radiobiology & Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Pham Ngoc Duy
- Center of Biotechnology, Nuclear Research Institute, Dalat, Vietnam
| | | | - Farrah N. Flegal
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Radiobiology & Health, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada
| | - Markus Figel
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Auswertungsstelle für Strahlendosimeter
| | - Omar Garcia
- Centro de Protección e Higiene de las Radiaciones (CPHR), La Havana. Cuba
| | - Octávia Monteiro Gil
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eric Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - İnci Güçlü
- Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, Cekmece Nuclear Research and Traning Center Radiobiology Unit Yarımburgaz, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Prakash Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine: National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ulrike Kulka
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Florigio Lista
- Army Medical and Veterinary Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Katalin Lumniczky
- National Research Institute for Radiobiology & Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Nataliya Maznyk
- Institute for Medical Radiology of National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Radia M’kacher
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France and Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Alegria Montoro
- Fundacion para la Investigation del Hospital Universitario la Fe de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jayne Moquet
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Mercedes Moreno
- Servicio Madrileño de Salud – Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Spain
| | | | - Jelena Pajic
- Serbian Institute of Occupational Health, Radiation Protection Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Analía Radl
- Autoridad Regulatoria Nuclear (ARN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Michelle Ricoul
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France and Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Horst Romm
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Laurence Roy
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Laure Sabatier
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France and Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Natividad Sebastià
- Fundacion para la Investigation del Hospital Universitario la Fe de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Uma Subramanian
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Service University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA
| | - Yumiko Suto
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tran Que
- Center of Biotechnology, Nuclear Research Institute, Dalat, Vietnam
| | - Antonella Testa
- Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, ĹEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgia Terzoudi
- National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, NCSR”D”, Greece
| | - Anne Vral
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | | | - LusiYanti Yanti
- Center for Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology, National Nuclear Energy Agency, Batan, Indonesia
| | | | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Stockholm University, Institute Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm, Sweden
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Trompier F, Baumann M, Barrios L, Gregoire E, Abend M, Ainsbury E, Barnard S, Barquinero JF, Bautista JA, Brzozowska B, Perez-Calatayud J, De Angelis C, Domínguez I, Hadjidekova V, Kulka U, Mateos JC, Meschini R, Monteiro Gil O, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Montoro Pastor A, Quintens R, Sebastià N, Sommer S, Stoyanov O, Thierens H, Terzoudi G, Villaescusa JI, Vral A, Wojcik A, Zafiropoulos D, Roy L. Investigation of the influence of calibration practices on cytogenetic laboratory performance for dose estimation. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 93:118-126. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1213455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- François Trompier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-roses, France
| | - Marion Baumann
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-roses, France
| | | | - Eric Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-roses, France
| | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institut für Radiologie in verbindung mit der Universtität Ulm, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Stephen Barnard
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | | | | | - Beata Brzozowska
- Stockholm University, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Ulrike Kulka
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Octávia Monteiro Gil
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | - Jayne Moquet
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Ursula Oestreicher
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Roel Quintens
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Hubert Thierens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Georgia Terzoudi
- National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anne Vral
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Stockholm University, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Laurence Roy
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-roses, France
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Kulka U, Abend M, Ainsbury E, Badie C, Barquinero JF, Barrios L, Beinke C, Bortolin E, Cucu A, De Amicis A, Domínguez I, Fattibene P, Frøvig, AM, Gregoire E, Guogyte K, Hadjidekova V, Jaworska A, Kriehuber R, Lindholm C, Lloyd D, Lumniczky K, Lyng F, Meschini R, Mörtl S, Della Monaca S, Monteiro Gil O, Montoro A, Moquet J, Moreno M, Oestreicher U, Palitti F, Pantelias G, Patrono C, Piqueret-Stephan L, Port M, Prieto MJ, Quintens R, Ricoul M, Romm H, Roy L, Sáfrány G, Sabatier L, Sebastià N, Sommer S, Terzoudi G, Testa A, Thierens H, Turai I, Trompier F, Valente M, Vaz P, Voisin P, Vral A, Woda C, Zafiropoulos D, Wojcik A. RENEB – Running the European Network of biological dosimetry and physical retrospective dosimetry. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 93:2-14. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1230239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Kulka
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Christina Beinke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Lloyd
- affiliated to Public Health England, CRCE, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK
| | - Katalin Lumniczky
- National Public Health Centre – National Research Directorate for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fiona Lyng
- Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Simone Mörtl
- HelmholtzZentrum München, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | | | - Octávia Monteiro Gil
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | - Alegria Montoro
- Hospital Universitario y Politécnico la Fe de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jayne Moquet
- Public Health England, CRCE, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK
| | - Mercedes Moreno
- Servicio Madrileño de Salud – Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ursula Oestreicher
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Clarice Patrono
- Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, ĹEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - Laure Piqueret-Stephan
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, and Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Munich, Germany
| | - María Jesus Prieto
- Servicio Madrileño de Salud – Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Michelle Ricoul
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, and Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Horst Romm
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Department Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Laurence Roy
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Géza Sáfrány
- National Public Health Centre – National Research Directorate for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laure Sabatier
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, and Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Natividad Sebastià
- Hospital Universitario y Politécnico la Fe de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Georgia Terzoudi
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonella Testa
- Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, ĹEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - Hubert Thierens
- Universiteit Gent, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gent, Belgium
| | - Istvan Turai
- affiliated to National Public Health Centre – National Research Directorate for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary
| | - François Trompier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Pedro Vaz
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | - Philippe Voisin
- affiliated to Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne Vral
- Universiteit Gent, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gent, Belgium
| | - Clemens Woda
- HelmholtzZentrum München, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | | | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Stockholm University, Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Stockholm, Sweden
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Brzozowska B, Ainsbury E, Baert A, Beaton-Green L, Barrios L, Barquinero JF, Bassinet C, Beinke C, Benedek A, Beukes P, Bortolin E, Buraczewska I, Burbidge C, De Amicis A, De Angelis C, Della Monaca S, Depuydt J, De Sanctis S, Dobos K, Domene MM, Domínguez I, Facco E, Fattibene P, Frenzel M, Monteiro Gil O, Gonon G, Gregoire E, Gruel G, Hadjidekova V, Hatzi VI, Hristova R, Jaworska A, Kis E, Kowalska M, Kulka U, Lista F, Lumniczky K, Martínez-López W, Meschini R, Moertl S, Moquet J, Noditi M, Oestreicher U, Orta Vázquez ML, Palma V, Pantelias G, Montoro Pastor A, Patrono C, Piqueret-Stephan L, Quattrini MC, Regalbuto E, Ricoul M, Roch-Lefevre S, Roy L, Sabatier L, Sarchiapone L, Sebastià N, Sommer S, Sun M, Suto Y, Terzoudi G, Trompier F, Vral A, Wilkins R, Zafiropoulos D, Wieser A, Woda C, Wojcik A. RENEB accident simulation exercise. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 93:75-80. [PMID: 27559844 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1206230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The RENEB accident exercise was carried out in order to train the RENEB participants in coordinating and managing potentially large data sets that would be generated in case of a major radiological event. MATERIALS AND METHODS Each participant was offered the possibility to activate the network by sending an alerting email about a simulated radiation emergency. The same participant had to collect, compile and report capacity, triage categorization and exposure scenario results obtained from all other participants. The exercise was performed over 27 weeks and involved the network consisting of 28 institutes: 21 RENEB members, four candidates and three non-RENEB partners. RESULTS The duration of a single exercise never exceeded 10 days, while the response from the assisting laboratories never came later than within half a day. During each week of the exercise, around 4500 samples were reported by all service laboratories (SL) to be examined and 54 scenarios were coherently estimated by all laboratories (the standard deviation from the mean of all SL answers for a given scenario category and a set of data was not larger than 3 patient codes). CONCLUSIONS Each participant received training in both the role of a reference laboratory (activating the network) and of a service laboratory (responding to an activation request). The procedures in the case of radiological event were successfully established and tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Brzozowska
- a Stockholm University , Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute , Stockholm , Sweden.,b University of Warsaw , Faculty of Physics, Department of Biomedical Physics , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Annelot Baert
- d Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Celine Bassinet
- g Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire , France
| | - Christina Beinke
- h Bundeswehr Institut für Radiobiologie in Verbindung mit der Universtität Ulm , Munich , Germany
| | - Anett Benedek
- i National Public Health Centre - National Research Directorate for Radiobiology & Radiohygiene , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Philip Beukes
- j NRF iThemba LABS - Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences , Cape Town , South Africa
| | | | | | - Christopher Burbidge
- m Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares , Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Bobadela-LRS , Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Julie Depuydt
- d Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | | | - Katalin Dobos
- i National Public Health Centre - National Research Directorate for Radiobiology & Radiohygiene , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Mercedes Moreno Domene
- o Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica, Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica , Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón , Madrid , Spain
| | | | - Eva Facco
- q Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Italy
| | | | - Monika Frenzel
- r PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives , Fontenay-aux-Roses, and Université Paris-Saclay , France
| | - Octávia Monteiro Gil
- m Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares , Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Bobadela-LRS , Portugal
| | - Géraldine Gonon
- g Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire , France
| | - Eric Gregoire
- g Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire , France
| | - Gaëtan Gruel
- g Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire , France
| | | | - Vasiliki I Hatzi
- t National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos , Athens , Greece
| | - Rositsa Hristova
- s National Centre for Radiobiology and Radiation Protection , Bulgaria
| | | | - Enikő Kis
- i National Public Health Centre - National Research Directorate for Radiobiology & Radiohygiene , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Maria Kowalska
- v Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Ulrike Kulka
- w Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz , Oberschleissheim , Germany
| | - Florigio Lista
- n Army Medical and Veterinary Research Center , Rome , Italy
| | - Katalin Lumniczky
- i National Public Health Centre - National Research Directorate for Radiobiology & Radiohygiene , Budapest , Hungary
| | | | | | - Simone Moertl
- z Helmholtz Zentrum München , Oberschleissheim , Germany
| | - Jayne Moquet
- c Public Health England , Chilton , United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Valentina Palma
- ab Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile , Italy
| | - Gabriel Pantelias
- t National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos , Athens , Greece
| | | | - Clarice Patrono
- ab Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile , Italy
| | - Laure Piqueret-Stephan
- r PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives , Fontenay-aux-Roses, and Université Paris-Saclay , France
| | | | - Elisa Regalbuto
- n Army Medical and Veterinary Research Center , Rome , Italy
| | - Michelle Ricoul
- r PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives , Fontenay-aux-Roses, and Université Paris-Saclay , France
| | | | - Laurence Roy
- g Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire , France
| | - Laure Sabatier
- r PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives , Fontenay-aux-Roses, and Université Paris-Saclay , France
| | | | | | - Sylwester Sommer
- l Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Mingzhu Sun
- c Public Health England , Chilton , United Kingdom
| | - Yumiko Suto
- ad National Institute of Radiological Sciences , Chiba , Japan
| | - Georgia Terzoudi
- t National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos , Athens , Greece
| | | | - Anne Vral
- d Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Clemens Woda
- z Helmholtz Zentrum München , Oberschleissheim , Germany
| | - Andrzej Wojcik
- a Stockholm University , Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute , Stockholm , Sweden.,ae Jan Kochanowski University , Kielce , Poland
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Ainsbury E, Badie C, Barnard S, Manning G, Moquet J, Abend M, Antunes AC, Barrios L, Bassinet C, Beinke C, Bortolin E, Bossin L, Bricknell C, Brzoska K, Buraczewska I, Castaño CH, Čemusová Z, Christiansson M, Cordero SM, Cosler G, Monaca SD, Desangles F, Discher M, Dominguez I, Doucha-Senf S, Eakins J, Fattibene P, Filippi S, Frenzel M, Georgieva D, Gregoire E, Guogyte K, Hadjidekova V, Hadjiiska L, Hristova R, Karakosta M, Kis E, Kriehuber R, Lee J, Lloyd D, Lumniczky K, Lyng F, Macaeva E, Majewski M, Vanda Martins S, McKeever SW, Meade A, Medipally D, Meschini R, M’kacher R, Gil OM, Montero A, Moreno M, Noditi M, Oestreicher U, Oskamp D, Palitti F, Palma V, Pantelias G, Pateux J, Patrono C, Pepe G, Port M, Prieto MJ, Quattrini MC, Quintens R, Ricoul M, Roy L, Sabatier L, Sebastià N, Sholom S, Sommer S, Staynova A, Strunz S, Terzoudi G, Testa A, Trompier F, Valente M, Hoey OV, Veronese I, Wojcik A, Woda C. Integration of new biological and physical retrospective dosimetry methods into EU emergency response plans – joint RENEB and EURADOS inter-laboratory comparisons. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 93:99-109. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1206233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Christophe Badie
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Stephen Barnard
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Grainne Manning
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Jayne Moquet
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology (BIR), Munich, Germany
| | - Ana Catarina Antunes
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST/ITN), Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | | | - Celine Bassinet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Paris, France
| | - Christina Beinke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm (UULM), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Lily Bossin
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
- Durham University (DUR), Durham, UK
| | - Clare Bricknell
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Kamil Brzoska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Buraczewska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT), Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Zina Čemusová
- Státní ústav radiační ochrany (SÚRO), Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Guillaume Cosler
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Paris, France
| | | | | | - Michael Discher
- Salzburg University Department of Geography and Geology, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | - Jon Eakins
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | | | | | - Monika Frenzel
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Dimka Georgieva
- National Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection (NCRRP), Bulgaria
| | - Eric Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Rositsa Hristova
- National Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection (NCRRP), Bulgaria
| | - Maria Karakosta
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos” (NCSRD), Greece
| | - Enikő Kis
- National Public Health Centre – National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene (NRIRR), Hungary
| | - Ralf Kriehuber
- Radiation Biology Unit Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (FzJ), Jülich, Germany
| | - Jungil Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - David Lloyd
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE), Chilton, UK
| | - Katalin Lumniczky
- National Public Health Centre – National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene (NRIRR), Hungary
| | - Fiona Lyng
- Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ellina Macaeva
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Mol, Belgium
- Ghent University (GU), Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - S. Vanda Martins
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST/ITN), Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | | | - Aidan Meade
- Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT), Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Radhia M’kacher
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Octávia Monteiro Gil
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST/ITN), Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | - Alegria Montero
- Radiation Protection Service, IIS La Fe, Health Research Institute (LAFE), Spain
| | - Mercedes Moreno
- Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica, Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (SERMAS), Spain
| | | | - Ursula Oestreicher
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz (BfS), Department Radiation Protection and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Oskamp
- Radiation Biology Unit Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (FzJ), Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Valentina Palma
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment Division of Health Protection Technologies (ENEA) Casaccia Research Center, Italy
| | - Gabriel Pantelias
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos” (NCSRD), Greece
| | - Jerome Pateux
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Paris, France
| | - Clarice Patrono
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment Division of Health Protection Technologies (ENEA) Casaccia Research Center, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pepe
- Università degli Studi della Tuscia (UNITUS), Italy
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology (BIR), Munich, Germany
| | - María Jesús Prieto
- Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica, Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (SERMAS), Spain
| | | | - Roel Quintens
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Michelle Ricoul
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Laurence Roy
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Paris, France
| | - Laure Sabatier
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Natividad Sebastià
- Radiation Protection Service, IIS La Fe, Health Research Institute (LAFE), Spain
| | | | - Sylwester Sommer
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Albena Staynova
- National Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection (NCRRP), Bulgaria
| | - Sonja Strunz
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Georgia Terzoudi
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos” (NCSRD), Greece
| | - Antonella Testa
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment Division of Health Protection Technologies (ENEA) Casaccia Research Center, Italy
| | - Francois Trompier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Paris, France
| | - Marco Valente
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Paris, France
| | | | - Ivan Veronese
- Università degli Studi di Milano (UNIMI), Milano, Italy
| | | | - Clemens Woda
- Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), Neuherberg, Germany
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35
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Markiewicz E, Barnard S, Haines J, Coster M, van Geel O, Wu W, Richards S, Ainsbury E, Rothkamm K, Bouffler S, Quinlan RA. Nonlinear ionizing radiation-induced changes in eye lens cell proliferation, cyclin D1 expression and lens shape. Open Biol 2016; 5:150011. [PMID: 25924630 PMCID: PMC4422125 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.150011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated cataract risk after radiation exposure was established soon after the discovery of X-rays in 1895. Today, increased cataract incidence among medical imaging practitioners and after nuclear incidents has highlighted how little is still understood about the biological responses of the lens to low-dose ionizing radiation (IR). Here, we show for the first time that in mice, lens epithelial cells (LECs) in the peripheral region repair DNA double strand breaks (DSB) after exposure to 20 and 100 mGy more slowly compared with circulating blood lymphocytes, as demonstrated by counts of γH2AX foci in cell nuclei. LECs in the central region repaired DSBs faster than either LECs in the lens periphery or lymphocytes. Although DSB markers (γH2AX, 53BP1 and RAD51) in both lens regions showed linear dose responses at the 1 h timepoint, nonlinear responses were observed in lenses for EdU (5-ethynyl-2′-deoxy-uridine) incorporation, cyclin D1 staining and cell density after 24 h at 100 and 250 mGy. After 10 months, the lens aspect ratio was also altered, an indicator of the consequences of the altered cell proliferation and cell density changes. A best-fit model demonstrated a dose-response peak at 500 mGy. These data identify specific nonlinear biological responses to low (less than 1000 mGy) dose IR-induced DNA damage in the lens epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Markiewicz
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Stephen Barnard
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Jackie Haines
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Margaret Coster
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Orry van Geel
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK Faculty of Science, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 11, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Weiju Wu
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK Biophysical Sciences Institute, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Shane Richards
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Kai Rothkamm
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Simon Bouffler
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Roy A Quinlan
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK Biophysical Sciences Institute, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
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36
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Oliveira M, Einbeck J, Higueras M, Ainsbury E, Puig P, Rothkamm K. Zero-inflated regression models for radiation-induced chromosome aberration data: A comparative study. Biom J 2015; 58:259-79. [PMID: 26461836 DOI: 10.1002/bimj.201400233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Within the field of cytogenetic biodosimetry, Poisson regression is the classical approach for modeling the number of chromosome aberrations as a function of radiation dose. However, it is common to find data that exhibit overdispersion. In practice, the assumption of equidispersion may be violated due to unobserved heterogeneity in the cell population, which will render the variance of observed aberration counts larger than their mean, and/or the frequency of zero counts greater than expected for the Poisson distribution. This phenomenon is observable for both full- and partial-body exposure, but more pronounced for the latter. In this work, different methodologies for analyzing cytogenetic chromosomal aberrations datasets are compared, with special focus on zero-inflated Poisson and zero-inflated negative binomial models. A score test for testing for zero inflation in Poisson regression models under the identity link is also developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Oliveira
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Jochen Einbeck
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Manuel Higueras
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (CRCE), Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK.,Departament de Matematiques, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona) 08193, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (CRCE), Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Pedro Puig
- Departament de Matematiques, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona) 08193, Spain
| | - Kai Rothkamm
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (CRCE), Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK.,Department of Radiotherapy & Radio-Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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37
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Ainsbury E. Radiation-induced cataracts: governmental safety aspects. Acta Ophthalmol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2015.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Ainsbury
- CRCE- Radiation Effects; Public Health England; Oxford United Kingdom
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38
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Saha S, Woodbine L, Haines J, Coster M, Ricket N, Barazzuol L, Ainsbury E, Sienkiewicz Z, Jeggo P. Increased apoptosis and DNA double-strand breaks in the embryonic mouse brain in response to very low-dose X-rays but not 50 Hz magnetic fields. J R Soc Interface 2015; 11:20140783. [PMID: 25209403 PMCID: PMC4191111 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of X-rays for medical diagnosis is enhancing exposure to low radiation doses. Exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic or magnetic fields is also increasing. Epidemiological studies show consistent associations of childhood leukaemia with exposure to magnetic fields but any causal relationship is unclear. A limitation in assessing the consequence of such exposure is the availability of sensitive assays. The embryonic neuronal stem and progenitor cell compartments are radiosensitive tissues. Using sensitive assays, we report a statistically significant increase in DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation and apoptosis in the embryonic neuronal stem cell compartment following in utero exposure to 10–200 mGy X-rays. Both endpoints show a linear response. We also show that DSB repair is delayed following exposure to doses below 50 mGy compared with 100 mGy. Thus, we demonstrate in vivo consequences of low-dose radiation. In contrast to these impacts, we did not observe any significant induction of DSBs or apoptosis following exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields (100 or 300 µT). We conclude that any DSB induction by treatment with magnetic fields is lower than following exposure to 10 mGy X-rays. For comparison, certain procedures involving computed tomography scanning are equivalent to 1–5 mGy X-rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Saha
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN19RQ, UK
| | - Lisa Woodbine
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN19RQ, UK
| | - Jackie Haines
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Margaret Coster
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Nicole Ricket
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN19RQ, UK
| | - Lara Barazzuol
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN19RQ, UK
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Zenon Sienkiewicz
- Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Penny Jeggo
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN19RQ, UK
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Woodbine L, Haines J, Coster M, Barazzuol L, Ainsbury E, Sienkiewicz Z, Jeggo P. The rate of X-ray-induced DNA double-strand break repair in the embryonic mouse brain is unaffected by exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields. Int J Radiat Biol 2015; 91:495-9. [PMID: 25786477 PMCID: PMC4673581 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2015.1021963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Following in utero exposure to low dose radiation (10–200 mGy), we recently observed a linear induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and activation of apoptosis in the embryonic neuronal stem/progenitor cell compartment. No significant induction of DSB or apoptosis was observed following exposure to magnetic fields (MF). In the present study, we exploited this in vivo system to examine whether exposure to MF before and after exposure to 100 mGy X-rays impacts upon DSB repair rates. Materials and methods: 53BP1 foci were quantified following combined exposure to radiation and MF in the embryonic neuronal stem/progenitor cell compartment. Embryos were exposed in utero to 50 Hz MF at 300 μT for 3 h before and up to 9 h after exposure to 100 mGy X-rays. Controls included embryos exposed to MF or X-rays alone plus sham exposures. Results: Exposure to MF before and after 100 mGy X-rays did not impact upon the rate of DSB repair in the embryonic neuronal stem cell compartment compared to repair rates following radiation exposure alone. Conclusions: We conclude that in this sensitive system MF do not exert any significant level of DNA damage and do not impede the repair of X-ray induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Woodbine
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, Life Sciences, University of Sussex , Brighton
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Bouffler SD, Peters S, Gilvin P, Slack K, Markiewicz E, Quinlan RA, Gillan J, Coster M, Barnard S, Rothkamm K, Ainsbury E. The lens of the eye: exposures in the UK medical sector and mechanistic studies of radiation effects. Ann ICRP 2015; 44:84-90. [PMID: 25816262 DOI: 10.1177/0146645314560693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The recommendation from the International Commission on Radiological Protection that the occupational equivalent dose limit for the lens of the eye should be reduced to 20 mSv year(-1), averaged over 5 years with no year exceeding 50 mSv, has stimulated a discussion on the practicalities of implementation of this revised dose limit, and the most appropriate risk and protection framework to adopt. This brief paper provides an overview of some of the drivers behind the move to a lower recommended dose limit. The issue of implementation in the medical sector in the UK has been addressed through a small-scale survey of doses to the lens of the eye amongst interventional cardiologists and radiologists. In addition, a mechanistic study of early and late post-irradiation changes in the lens of the eye in in-vivo-exposed mice is outlined. Surveys and studies such as those described can contribute to a deeper understanding of fundamental and practical issues, and therefore contribute to a robust evidence base for ensuring adequate protection of the eye while avoiding undesirable restrictions to working practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Bouffler
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - S Peters
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - P Gilvin
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - K Slack
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - E Markiewicz
- Biophysical Sciences Institute, Durham University, UK
| | - R A Quinlan
- Biophysical Sciences Institute, Durham University, UK
| | - J Gillan
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - M Coster
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - S Barnard
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - K Rothkamm
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - E Ainsbury
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
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41
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Thierens H, Vral A, Vandevoorde C, Vandersickel V, de Gelder V, Romm H, Oestreicher U, Rothkamm K, Barnard S, Ainsbury E, Sommer S, Beinke C, Wojcik A. Is a semi-automated approach indicated in the application of the automated micronucleus assay for triage purposes? Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2014; 159:87-94. [PMID: 24743767 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncu130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Within the EU MULTIBIODOSE project, the automated micronucleus (MN) assay was optimised for population triage in large-scale radiological emergencies. For MN scoring, two approaches were applied using the Metafer4 platform (MetaSystems, Germany): fully automated scoring and semi-automated scoring with visual inspection of the gallery of MN-positive objects. Dose-response curves were established for acute and protracted whole-body and partial-body exposures. A database of background MN yields was set up, allowing determination of the dose detection threshold in both scoring modes. An analysis of the overdispersion of the MN frequency distribution σ(2)/µ obtained by semi-automated scoring showed that the value of this parameter represents a reliability check of the calculated equivalent total body dose in case the accident overexposure is a partial-body exposure. The elaborated methodology was validated in an accident training exercise. Overall, the semi-automated scoring procedure represents important added value to the automated MN assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Thierens
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Building 5B3, De Pintelaan 185, Gent B-9000, Belgium
| | - A Vral
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Building 5B3, De Pintelaan 185, Gent B-9000, Belgium
| | - C Vandevoorde
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Building 5B3, De Pintelaan 185, Gent B-9000, Belgium
| | - V Vandersickel
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Building 5B3, De Pintelaan 185, Gent B-9000, Belgium
| | - V de Gelder
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Building 5B3, De Pintelaan 185, Gent B-9000, Belgium
| | - H Romm
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Salzgitter, Germany
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- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - C Beinke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - A Wojcik
- Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Romm H, Ainsbury E, Barnard S, Barrios L, Barquinero JF, Beinke C, Deperas M, Gregoire E, Koivistoinen A, Lindholm C, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Puig R, Rothkamm K, Sommer S, Thierens H, Vandersickel V, Vral A, Wojcik A. Validation of semi-automatic scoring of dicentric chromosomes after simulation of three different irradiation scenarios. Health Phys 2014; 106:764-771. [PMID: 24776911 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000000077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Large scale radiological emergencies require high throughput techniques of biological dosimetry for population triage in order to identify individuals indicated for medical treatment. The dicentric assay is the "gold standard" technique for the performance of biological dosimetry, but it is very time consuming and needs well trained scorers. To increase the throughput of blood samples, semi-automation of dicentric scoring was investigated in the framework of the MULTIBIODOSE EU FP7 project, and dose effect curves were established in six biodosimetry laboratories. To validate these dose effect curves, blood samples from 33 healthy donors (>10 donors/scenario) were irradiated in vitro with ⁶⁰Co gamma rays simulating three different exposure scenarios: acute whole body, partial body, and protracted exposure, with three different doses for each scenario. All the blood samples were irradiated at Ghent University, Belgium, and then shipped blind coded to the participating laboratories. The blood samples were set up by each lab using their own standard protocols, and metaphase slides were prepared to validate the calibration curves established by semi-automatic dicentric scoring. In order to achieve this, 300 metaphases per sample were captured, and the doses were estimated using the newly formed dose effect curves. After acute uniform exposure, all laboratories were able to distinguish between 0 Gy, 0.5 Gy, 2.0, and 4.0 Gy (p < 0.001), and, in most cases, the dose estimates were within a range of ± 0.5 Gy of the given dose. After protracted exposure, all laboratories were able to distinguish between 1.0 Gy, 2.0 Gy, and 4.0 Gy (p < 0.001), and here also a large number of the dose estimates were within ± 0.5 Gy of the irradiation dose. After simulated partial body exposure, all laboratories were able to distinguish between 2.0 Gy, 4.0 Gy, and 6.0 Gy (p < 0.001). Overdispersion of the dicentric distribution enabled the detection of the partial body samples; however, this result was clearly dose-dependent. For partial body exposures, only a few dose estimates were in the range of ± 0.5 Gy of the given dose, but an improvement could be achieved with higher cell numbers. The new method of semi-automation of the dicentric assay was introduced successfully in a network of six laboratories. It is therefore concluded that this method can be used as a high-throughput screening tool in a large-scale radiation accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Romm
- *Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz (Germany); †Public Health England (United Kingdom); ‡Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (Spain); §Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucleaire (France); **Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm (Germany); ††Stockholm University (Sweden); ‡‡Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (Finland); §§Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (Poland); ***University of Ghent (Belgium)
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Romm H, Ainsbury E, Bajinskis A, Barnard S, Barquinero JF, Barrios L, Beinke C, Puig-Casanovas R, Deperas-Kaminska M, Gregoire E, Oestreicher U, Lindholm C, Moquet J, Rothkamm K, Sommer S, Thierens H, Vral A, Vandersickel V, Wojcik A. Web-based scoring of the dicentric assay, a collaborative biodosimetric scoring strategy for population triage in large scale radiation accidents. Radiat Environ Biophys 2014; 53:241-254. [PMID: 24557539 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-014-0519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the case of a large scale radiation accident high throughput methods of biological dosimetry for population triage are needed to identify individuals requiring clinical treatment. The dicentric assay performed in web-based scoring mode may be a very suitable technique. Within the MULTIBIODOSE EU FP7 project a network is being established of 8 laboratories with expertise in dose estimations based on the dicentric assay. Here, the manual dicentric assay was tested in a web-based scoring mode. More than 23,000 high resolution images of metaphase spreads (only first mitosis) were captured by four laboratories and established as image galleries on the internet (cloud). The galleries included images of a complete dose effect curve (0-5.0 Gy) and three types of irradiation scenarios simulating acute whole body, partial body and protracted exposure. The blood samples had been irradiated in vitro with gamma rays at the University of Ghent, Belgium. Two laboratories provided image galleries from Fluorescence plus Giemsa stained slides (3 h colcemid) and the image galleries from the other two laboratories contained images from Giemsa stained preparations (24 h colcemid). Each of the 8 participating laboratories analysed 3 dose points of the dose effect curve (scoring 100 cells for each point) and 3 unknown dose points (50 cells) for each of the 3 simulated irradiation scenarios. At first all analyses were performed in a QuickScan Mode without scoring individual chromosomes, followed by conventional scoring (only complete cells, 46 centromeres). The calibration curves obtained using these two scoring methods were very similar, with no significant difference in the linear-quadratic curve coefficients. Analysis of variance showed a significant effect of dose on the yield of dicentrics, but no significant effect of the laboratories, different methods of slide preparation or different incubation times used for colcemid. The results obtained to date within the MULTIBIODOSE project by a network of 8 collaborating laboratories throughout Europe are very promising. The dicentric assay in the web based scoring mode as a high throughput scoring strategy is a useful application for biodosimetry in the case of a large scale radiation accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Romm
- Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany,
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44
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Romm H, Ainsbury E, Barnard S, Barrios L, Barquinero J, Beinke C, Deperas M, Gregoire E, Koivistoinen A, Lindholm C, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Puig R, Rothkamm K, Sommer S, Thierens H, Vandersickel V, Vral A, Wojcik A. Automatic scoring of dicentric chromosomes as a tool in large scale radiation accidents. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2013; 756:174-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wong KF, Siu LLP, Ainsbury E, Moquet J. Cytogenetic biodosimetry: what it is and how we do it. Hong Kong Med J 2013; 19:168-173. [PMID: 23535678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dicentric assay is the international gold standard for cytogenetic biodosimetry after radiation exposure, despite being very labour-intensive, time-consuming, and highly expertise-dependent. It involves the identification of centromeres and structure of solid-stained chromosomes and the enumeration of dicentric chromosomes in a large number of first-division metaphases of cultured T lymphocytes. The dicentric yield is used to estimate the radiation exposure dosage according to a statistically derived and predetermined dose-response curve. It can be used for population triage after large-scale accidental over-exposure to ionising radiation or with a view to making clinical decisions for individual patients receiving substantial radiation. In this report, we describe our experience in the establishment of a cytogenetic biodosimetry laboratory in Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong. This was part of the contingency plan for emergency measures against radiation accidents at nuclear power stations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K F Wong
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong.
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Pope I, Barber P, Horn S, Ainsbury E, Rothkamm K, Vojnovic B. A portable microfluidic fluorescence spectrometer device for γ-H2AX-based biological dosimetry. RADIAT MEAS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Baeyens A, Swanson R, Herd O, Ainsbury E, Mabhengu T, Willem P, Thierens H, Slabbert JP, Vral A. A semi-automated micronucleus-centromere assay to assess low-dose radiation exposure in human lymphocytes. Int J Radiat Biol 2011; 87:923-31. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2011.577508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bouffler SD, Finnon P, Blasco MA, Ainsbury E. A possible role for telomerase RNA and telomere length in global mitotic recombination. Cytogenet Genome Res 2009; 122:292-6. [PMID: 19188698 DOI: 10.1159/000167815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are specialised structures at the ends of mammalian chromosomes with many unique properties. Recombinational events at telomeres are more frequent than in the remainder of the genome by several orders of magnitude. This study examined the influence of telomerase status and telomere length on genome-wide recombination assessed by genomic sister chromatid exchange (G-SCE). Telomerase deficiency per se appears to increase G-SCE frequencies in splenocytes but as telomeres shorten through subsequent generations of mTerc(-/-) mice this increase is progressively lost. Telomerase status and telomere length also influences the induction of G-SCE by UV light. Even when mitotic recombination is affected by PARP deficiency, mTerc and telomere length interact to further affect G-SCE frequencies. Taken together the data presented here demonstrate that telomerase status and telomere length can affect recombination frequencies genome-wide.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Bouffler
- Health Protection Agency, Radiation Protection Division, Chilton, Didcot, UK.
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Moquet J, Ainsbury E, Bouffler S, Lloyd D. Exposure to low level GSM 935 MHZ radiofrequency fields does not induce apoptosis in proliferating or differentiated murine neuroblastoma cells. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2008; 131:287-296. [PMID: 18550513 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncn171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether radiofrequency (RF) fields characteristic of mobile phones at non-thermal levels can induce apoptosis in murine neuroblastoma (N2a) cells in both proliferating and differentiated states. Cells were exposed continuously for 24 h to one of the three 935-MHz RF signals: global system for mobile communication (GSM) basic, GSM talk and a continuous wave, unmodulated signal; all at a specific energy absorption rate of 2 W kg(-1). The measured increase in temperature of the cells due to the RF fields was around 0.06 degrees C. At a number of time points between 0 and 48 h post-exposure, the cells were assessed for apoptosis under a fluorescence microscope using three independent assays: Annexin V, caspase activation and in situ end-labelling. No statistically significant differences in apoptosis levels were observed between the exposed and sham-exposed cells using the three assays at any time point post-exposure. These data suggest that RF exposures, characteristic of GSM mobile phones, do not significantly affect the apoptosis levels in proliferating and differentiated murine neuroblastoma cell line N2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Moquet
- Health Protection Agency, Radiation Protection Division, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK.
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