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Andrade SM, de Oliveira Marques CC, de Lucena LC, Vieira da Costa K, de Souza IC, da Silva Machado CB, Queiroz MEBS, Costa LP, Silva STD. Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation on the cognitive function of individuals with Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression. Neurol Res 2024; 46:453-465. [PMID: 38634361 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2321779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on the cognitive function of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS This systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression included randomized clinical trials published until 05/2022. We included studies conducted with individuals with AD of both sexes, aged between 55 and 85 years, treated with tDCS, TMS, or both. RESULTS Twenty-one studies were included in the systematic review and sixteen in the meta-analysis. Meta-regression suggested a significant influence of anodic tDCS with current intensity of 1.5 mA on cognitive function. Significant results were found with treatment frequencies of three and five days a week for two weeks. Subgroup analysis found that anodic tDCS influences cognitive function, regardless of AD stage. Similar was observed for TMS using a frequency of 20 Hz and current intensity of 90% of the resting motor threshold. DISCUSSION Anodal tDCS and 20 Hz TMS have demonstrated the ability to improve cognitive function in AD by modulating neural activity. These therapies are safe and well-tolerated, offering promise as adjuncts to available pharmacological treatments. Studies with greater methodological rigor and parameter standardization are warranted. Comprehensive investigations involving neuroimaging techniques may provide a better understanding of the interaction between induced electrical fields and the complex neural networks affected in AD, paving the way for more personalized and effective neurostimulation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clébya Candeia de Oliveira Marques
- Neuroscience and Aging Laboratory, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Brazilian Hospital Services Company-EBSERH, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Larissa Pereira Costa
- Neuroscience and Aging Laboratory, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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Fan D, Che X, Jiang Y, He Q, Yu J, Zhao H. Noninvasive brain stimulations modulated brain modular interactions to ameliorate working memory in community-dwelling older adults. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae140. [PMID: 38602739 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive brain stimulations have drawn attention in remediating memory decline in older adults. However, it remains unclear regarding the cognitive and neural mechanisms underpinning the neurostimulation effects on memory rehabilitation. We evaluated the intervention effects of 2-weeks of neurostimulations (high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation, HD-tDCS, and electroacupuncture, EA versus controls, CN) on brain activities and functional connectivity during a working memory task in normally cognitive older adults (age 60+, n = 60). Results showed that HD-tDCS and EA significantly improved the cognitive performance, potentiated the brain activities of overlapping neural substrates (i.e. hippocampus, dlPFC, and lingual gyrus) associated with explicit and implicit memory, and modulated the nodal topological properties and brain modular interactions manifesting as increased intramodular connection of the limbic-system dominated network, decreased intramodular connection of default-mode-like network, as well as stronger intermodular connection between frontal-dominated network and limbic-system-dominated network. Predictive model further identified the neuro-behavioral association between modular connections and working memory. This preliminary study provides evidence that noninvasive neurostimulations can improve older adults' working memory through potentiating the brain activity of working memory-related areas and mediating the modular interactions of related brain networks. These findings have important implication for remediating older adults' working memory and cognitive declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqiong Fan
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Chongqing 400715, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 29 Zhichun Rd, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xianwei Che
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 109 Medical Behavioral Science Building, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Qinghua He
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Haichao Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Chongqing 400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai St, Beijing 100875, China
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Li S, Lan X, Liu Y, Zhou J, Pei Z, Su X, Guo Y. Unlocking the Potential of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials to Optimize Intervention Strategies. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:481-503. [PMID: 38427480 PMCID: PMC10977421 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an advanced and noninvasive technology that uses pulse stimulation to treat cognitive impairment. However, its specific effects have always been mixed with those of cognitive training, and the optimal parameter for Alzheimer's disease (AD) intervention is still ambiguous. Objective This study aimed to summarize the therapeutic effects of pure rTMS on AD, excluding the influence of cognitive training, and to develop a preliminary rTMS treatment plan. Methods Between 1 January 2010 and 28 February 2023, we screened randomized controlled clinical trials from five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials. gov). We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of treatment outcomes and rTMS treatment parameters. Result A total of 4,606 articles were retrieved. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 articles, comprising 655 participants (308 males and 337 females), were included in the final analysis. The findings revealed that rTMS significantly enhances both global cognitive ability (p = 0.0002, SMD = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.20-0.66) and memory (p = 0.009, SMD = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.09-0.65). Based on follow-up periods of at least 6 weeks, the following stimulation protocols have demonstrated efficacy for AD: stimulation sites (single or multiple targets), frequency (20 Hz), stimulation time (1-2 s), interval (20-30 s), single pulses (≤2500), total pulses (>20000), duration (≥3 weeks), and sessions (≥20). Conclusions This study suggests that rTMS may be an effective treatment option for patients with AD, and its potential therapeutic capabilities should be further developed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lan
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhong Zhou
- Hebrew Seniorlife Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zian Pei
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolin Su
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Marques-Almeida T, Lanceros-Mendez S, Ribeiro C. State of the Art and Current Challenges on Electroactive Biomaterials and Strategies for Neural Tissue Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2301494. [PMID: 37843074 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The loss or failure of an organ/tissue stands as one of the healthcare system's most prevalent, devastating, and costly challenges. Strategies for neural tissue repair and regeneration have received significant attention due to their particularly strong impact on patients' well-being. Many research efforts are dedicated not only to control the disease symptoms but also to find solutions to repair the damaged tissues. Neural tissue engineering (TE) plays a key role in addressing this problem and significant efforts are being carried out to develop strategies for neural repair treatment. In the last years, active materials allowing to tune cell-materials interaction are being increasingly used, representing a recent paradigm in TE applications. Among the most important stimuli influencing cell behavior are the electrical and mechanical ones. In this way, materials with the ability to provide this kind of stimuli to the neural cells seem to be appropriate to support neural TE. In this scope, this review summarizes the different biomaterials types used for neural TE, highlighting the relevance of using active biomaterials and electrical stimulation. Furthermore, this review provides not only a compilation of the most relevant studies and results but also strategies for novel and more biomimetic approaches for neural TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Marques-Almeida
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
- LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
- LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| | - Clarisse Ribeiro
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
- LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
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Zarifkar AH, Zarifkar A, Safaei S. Different paradigms of transcranial electrical stimulation induce structural changes in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Lett 2024; 818:137570. [PMID: 38000774 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
One of the prominent sign of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is structural changes in the hippocampus. Recently, the new methods used to treat this disease is transcranial electrical stimulation (tES). This study evaluated the effect of four primary standards of tES, including tDCS, tACS, tRNS, and tPCS on beta-amyloid 25-35 (Aβ25-35)-induced structural changes in the CA1 region of hippocampus in male rats. For this purpose, rats weighing 250-275 g were selected, the cannula was embedded reciprocally into the hippocampi. Aβ25-35 (5 μg/ 2.5 ml/ day) was infused reciprocally for four continuous days.Then, animals were then given tES for 6 days.Subsequently, structural changes in the hippocampal CA1 were evaluated using the stereological method. Aβ25-35 resulted in loss of neurons (P < 0.01) and decreased hippocampal volume (P < 0.05). However, the administration of tES paradigms prevented these changes. The results proposed that through the improvement of hippocampal cell number and volume, tES paradigms can retain efficiency in remediating structural impairments in AD. From this, it can be concluded that other tES paradigms besides tDCS can also be considered for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Zarifkar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran.
| | - Asadollah Zarifkar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Safaei
- Gerash Amir-al-Momenin Medical and Educational Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
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Huang P, Lin L, Zhang J, Cheng Y, Pan X. Efficacy analysis of three brain stimulation techniques for Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, and deep brain stimulation. Expert Rev Neurother 2024; 24:117-127. [PMID: 38088070 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2293225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review and meta-analysis study investigates the efficacy of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and deep brain stimulation (DBS) using neuropsychological assessments as a potential treatment option for Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies on rTMS, tDCS, and DBS for the treatment of patients with AD between April 1970 and October 2022. The mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and AD Assessment Scale - Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) were adopted as the efficacy index. RESULTS The analysis yielded 17 eligible studies. rTMS greatly improved the cognition of patients with AD (immediate post-treatment WMD of MMSE score: 2.06, p < 0.00001; short-term follow-up WMD of MMSE score: 2.12, p = 0.006; WMD of ADAS-Cog score in single-arm studies: -4.97, p = 0.001). DBS did not reverse the progression of cognitive decline (WMD of ADAS-Cog score in single-arm studies: 7.40, p < 0.00001). Furthermore, tDCS demonstrated no significant efficacy in improving cognition in random clinical trials or single-arm studies. CONCLUSION rTMS is a promising non-medicinal alternative for cognitive improvement inpatients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiejun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Center for Geriatrics, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, China
| | - Yingzhe Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Pan
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Lane HY, Wang SH, Lin CH. Adjunctive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) plus sodium benzoate for the treatment of early-phase Alzheimer's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Psychiatry Res 2023; 328:115461. [PMID: 37729717 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies found that an NMDA receptor (NMDAR) enhancer, sodium benzoate, improved cognitive function of patients with early-phase Alzheimer's disease (AD). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) induces NMDAR-dependent synaptic plasticity and strengthens cognitive function of AD patients. This study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of tDCS plus benzoate in early-phase dementia. In this 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 97 patients with early-phase AD received 10-session tDCS during the first 2 weeks. They then took benzoate or placebo for 24 weeks. We assessed the patients using Alzheimer's disease assessment scale - cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change plus Caregiver Input, Mini Mental Status Examination, Alzheimer's disease Cooperative Study scale for ADL in MCI, and a battery of additional cognitive tests. Forty-seven patients received sodium benzoate, and the other 50 placebo. The two treatment groups didn't differ significantly in ADAS-cog or other measures. Addition of benzoate to tDCS didn't get extra benefit or side effect in this study. For more thoroughly studying the potential of combining tDCS with benzoate in the AD treatment, future research should use other study designs, such as longer-term benzoate treatment, adding benzoate in the middle of tDCS trial sessions, or administering benzoate then tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Yuan Lane
- Department of Psychiatry & Brain Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Heng Wang
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Zhao Z, Ji H, Zhang C, Pei J, Zhang X, Yuan Y. Modulation effects of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation on the neuronal firing activity and synaptic plasticity of mice. Neuroimage 2023; 270:119952. [PMID: 36805093 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) has been effective in modulating several neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, how TUS modulates neuronal firing activity and synaptic plasticity remains unclear. Thus, we behaviorally tested the whisker-dependent novel object discrimination ability in mice after ultrasound stimulation and examined the cortical neuronal firing activity and synaptic plasticity in awake mice after ultrasound stimulation by two-photon fluorescence imaging. The current study presented the following results: (1) TUS could significantly improve the whisker-dependent new object discrimination ability of mice, suggesting that their learning and memory abilities were significantly enhanced; (2) TUS significantly enhanced neuronal firing activity; and (3) TUS increased the growth rate of dendritic spines in the barrel cortex, but did not promote the extinction of dendritic spines, resulting in enhanced synaptic plasticity. The above results indicate that TUS can improve the learning and memory ability of mice and enhance the neuronal firing activity and synaptic plasticity that are closely related to it. This study provides a research basis for the application of ultrasound stimulation in the treatment of learning- and memory-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhao
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Hui Ji
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Jiamin Pei
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China.
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
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Liu S, Li S, Xia Y, Zhang H, Tian J, Shan C, Pang F, Wang Y, Shang Y, Chen N. Effects of multi-mode physical stimulation on APP/PS1 Alzheimer's disease model mice. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12366. [PMID: 36590474 PMCID: PMC9800530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Some researchers and clinics have reported that non-drug treatments for Alzheimer disease (AD) such as electrical stimulation, light stimulation, music stimulation, laser stimulation, and transcranial magnetic stimulation may have beneficial treatment effects. Following these findings, in this study, we performed multimodel physical stimulation on APP/PS1 mice using visible light, music with a γ rhythm, and an infrared laser. And the effects of physical stimulation on APP/PS1 mice were evaluated by behavioral analysis, the content of amyloid (Aβ40 and Aβ42), and NISSL staining of hippocampal tissue slices. The results of subsequent behavioral and tissue analyses showed that the multi-model physical stimulations could relieve APP/PS1 mice's dementia symptoms, such as the behavior ability, the content of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in the hippocampal tissue suspension, and Nissl staining for hippocampal tissue analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shupeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shuyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yudan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jing Tian
- School of Electron and Computer, Southeast University Chengxian College, Nanjing, 210088, China
| | - Chunlei Shan
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fufei Pang
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yana Shang
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Na Chen
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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Swift KM, Thomas CL, Balkin TJ, Lowery-Gionta EG, Matson LM. Acute sleep interventions as an avenue for treatment of trauma-associated disorders. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:2291-2312. [PMID: 35678060 PMCID: PMC9435330 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Scientific evidence that acute, posttrauma sleep disturbances (eg, nightmares and insomnia) can contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of trauma-induced disorders is compelling. Sleep disturbances precipitating from trauma are uniquely predictive of daytime posttrauma symptom occurrence and severity, as well as subsequent onset of mental health disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder. Conversely, adequate sleep during the acute posttrauma period is associated with reduced likelihood of adverse mental health outcomes. These findings, which are broadly consistent with what is known about the role of sleep in the regulation of emotion, suggest that the acute posttrauma period constitutes a "window of opportunity" during which treatment of sleep disturbances may be especially effective for preventing or mitigating progression of aberrant psychophysiological processes. At this point, the weight of the scientific evidence supporting this possibility warrants initiation of clinical trials to confirm the benefits of targeted prophylactic sleep enhancement, and to establish treatment guidelines as appropriate. CITATION Swift KM, Thomas CL, Balkin TJ, Lowery-Gionta EG, Matson LM. Acute sleep interventions as an avenue for treatment of trauma-associated disorders. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(9):2291-2312.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Swift
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Connie L. Thomas
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Thomas J. Balkin
- Behavioral Biology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Emily G. Lowery-Gionta
- Behavioral Biology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Liana M. Matson
- Behavioral Biology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Abstract
The last century was characterized by a significant scientific effort aimed at unveiling the neurobiological basis of learning and memory. Thanks to the characterization of the mechanisms regulating the long-term changes of neuronal synaptic connections, it was possible to understand how specific neural networks shape themselves during the acquisition of memory traces or complex motor tasks. In this chapter, we will summarize the mechanisms underlying the main forms of synaptic plasticity taking advantage of the studies performed in the hippocampus and in the nucleus striatum, key brain structures that play a crucial role in cognition. Moreover, we will discuss how the molecular pathways involved in the induction of physiologic synaptic long-term changes could be disrupted during neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders, highlighting the translational relevance of this intriguing research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mancini
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Antonio de Iure
- IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Laboratory of Experimental Neurophysiology, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Picconi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Laboratory of Experimental Neurophysiology, Rome, Italy; University San Raffaele, Rome, Italy.
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Munoz F, Meaney A, Gross A, Liu K, Pouliopoulos AN, Liu D, Konofagou EE, Ferrera VP. Long term study of motivational and cognitive effects of low-intensity focused ultrasound neuromodulation in the dorsal striatum of nonhuman primates. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:360-372. [PMID: 35092823 PMCID: PMC9419899 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive brain stimulation using transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) has many potential applications as a research and clinical tool, including incorporation into neural prosthetics for cognitive rehabilitation. To develop this technology, it is necessary to evaluate the safety and efficacy of FUS neuromodulation for specific brain targets and cognitive functions. It is also important to test whether repeated long-term application of FUS to deep brain targets improves or degrades behavioral and cognitive function. To this end, we investigated the effects of FUS in the dorsal striatum of nonhuman primates (NHP) performing a visual-motor decision-making task for small or large rewards. Over the course of 2 years, we performed 129 and 147 FUS applications, respectively, in two NHP. FUS (0.5 MHz @ 0.2-0.8 MPa) was applied to the putamen and caudate in both hemispheres to evaluate the effects on movement accuracy, motivation, decision accuracy, and response time. Sonicating the caudate or the putamen unilaterally resulted in modest but statistically significant improvements in motivation and decision accuracy, but at the cost of slower reaction times. The effects were dose (i.e., FUS pressure) and reward dependent. There was no effect on reaching accuracy, nor was there long-term behavioral impairment or neurological trauma evident on T1-weighted, T2-weighted, or susceptibility-weighted MRI scans. Sonication also resulted in significant changes in resting state functional connectivity between the caudate and multiple cortical regions. The results indicate that applying FUS to the dorsal striatum can positively impact the motivational and cognitive aspects of decision making. The capability of FUS to improve motivation and cognition in NHPs points to its therapeutic potential in treating a wide variety of human neural diseases, and warrants further development as a novel technique for non-invasive deep brain stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Munoz
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Columbia University, United States; Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, United States.
| | - A Meaney
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University
| | | | - K Liu
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University
| | | | - D Liu
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Columbia University,Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University
| | - EE Konofagou
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University,Dept. of Radiology, Columbia University
| | - VP Ferrera
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Columbia University,Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University,Dept. of Psychiatry, Columbia University
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13
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Wu T, Tang C, Fan J, Tao J. Administration of rTMS Alleviates Stroke-Induced Cognitive Deficits by Modulating miR-409-3p/CTRP3/AMPK/Sirt1 Axis. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 72:507-515. [PMID: 34655390 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01924-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive deficit is a typical complication induced by stroke injuries. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a technique that can both attenuate neuropsychiatric disorders and influence miR levels. We attempted to assess effects of rTMS on post-stroke cognitive deficit (PSCD) by focusing on the activity of miR-409-3p/CTRP3/AMPK/Sirt1 axis. PSCD was induced in rats using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method and handled with rTMS. MiRs responding to rTMS administration were determined using microarray method. Changes in cognitive function, brain histological feature, neuron apoptosis, and activity of miR-409-3p/CTR3/AMPK/Sirt1 axis were detected. The interaction between of miR-409-3p and rTMS was verified by inducing its level in MCAO rats. rTMS influenced levels of miRs in MCAO rats, with 104 miRs being upregulated and 249 s miR being downregulated, contributing to the function changes in multiple biological processes. Moreover, the technique improved brain function and structure in model rats. At the molecular level, rTMS inhibited miR-409-3p and activated CTRP3/AMPK/Sirt1 pathway. After the induction of miR-409-3p, effects of rTMS were counteracted, which were represented by the impaired cognitive function and neuron viability in model rats. Collectively, rTMS could protect against stroke-induced cognitive deficits, which depended on the inhibition of miR-409-3p level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianya Wu
- Department of Neurology, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 9, Jianmin Road, Zhuji, 311800, China
| | - Chunrong Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Songzi People's Hospital of Hubei Province, No. 282, Hebingyan Road, Songzi, 434200, China
| | - Junwei Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Qingdao West Coast New Area Central Hospital, No. 9, Huangpujiang Road, Qingdao, 434200, China
| | - Jian Tao
- Shanxian Haijia Hospital Co. Ltd, Hoxi Road, Heze, Shandong, 274300, China.
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14
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Guerrero Moreno J, Biazoli CE, Baptista AF, Trambaiolli LR. Closed-loop neurostimulation for affective symptoms and disorders: An overview. Biol Psychol 2021; 161:108081. [PMID: 33757806 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Affective and anxiety disorders are the most prevalent and incident psychiatric disorders worldwide. Therapeutic approaches to these disorders using non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) and analogous techniques have been extensively investigated. In this paper, we discuss the combination of NIBS and neurofeedback in closed-loop setups and its application for affective symptoms and disorders. For this, we first provide a rationale for this combination by presenting some of the main original findings of NIBS, with a primary focus on transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and neurofeedback, including protocols based on electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Then, we provide a scope review of studies combining real-time neurofeedback with NIBS protocols in the so-called closed-loop brain state-dependent neuromodulation (BSDS). Finally, we discuss the concomitant use of TMS and real-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as a possible solution to the current limitations of BSDS-based protocols for affective and anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Guerrero Moreno
- Center of Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Claudinei Eduardo Biazoli
- Center of Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil; Department of Psychology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Abrahão Fontes Baptista
- Center of Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil; Laboratory of Medical Investigations 54 (LIM-54), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; NAPeN Network (Rede de Núcleos de Assistência e Pesquisa em Neuromodulação), Brazil; Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN/CEPID-FAPESP), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Remoaldo Trambaiolli
- McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA.
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15
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Chamaa F, Darwish B, Nahas Z, Al-Chaer ED, Saadé NE, Abou-Kheir W. Long-term stimulation of the anteromedial thalamus increases hippocampal neurogenesis and spatial reference memory in adult rats. Behav Brain Res 2021; 402:113114. [PMID: 33417991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has shown positive clinical results in neurodegenerative diseases. Previous work from our group showed that a single session of DBS to the anteromedial thalamic nucleus (AMN) in awake rats, increased proliferation of stem/progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. We thought to examine the effect of single versus multiple sessions of DBS to the AMN in modulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Rats received unilateral single session, multiple sessions or no electrical stimulation (sham) in the right AMN. Rats received 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) injections and were followed over a period of 1 week or 4 weeks. Single session of electrical stimulation induced a 1.9-fold increase in the number of proliferating BrdU positive cells after one week from stimulation and a 1.8-fold increase at four weeks post stimulation, both in the ipsilateral DG. As for multiple sessions of stimulation, they induced a 3- fold increase that extended to the contralateral DG after 4 weeks from stimulation. Spatial reference memory was tested in the Y-maze test by examining novel arm exploration. Both single and multiple sessions of stimulation prompted an increase in novel arm exploration at week 4, while only the multiple sessions of stimulation had this effect starting from week 1. This study demonstrates that sustained activation of the AMN boosts neurogenesis and improves spatial reference memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Chamaa
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Batoul Darwish
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Nahas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Elie D Al-Chaer
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nayef E Saadé
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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16
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Pang Y, Shi M. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Mild Cognitive Impairment Associated with Alzheimer's Disease in Mice by Modulating the miR-567/NEUROD2/PSD95 Axis. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:2151-2161. [PMID: 34239303 PMCID: PMC8259939 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s311183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a typical symptom of early Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is driven by the dysfunction of microRNAs (miRs). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive technique for handling neuropsychiatric disorders and has universally effects on the functions of miRs. In the current study, the improvement effects of rTMS on MCI associated with AD were explored by focusing on miR-567/NEUROD2/PSD95 axis. METHODS MCI was induced in mice using scopolamine and was treated with rTMS of two frequencies (1 Hz and 10 Hz). The changes in cognitive function, brain structure, neurotrophic factor levels, and activity of miR-567/NEUROD2/PSD95 axis were assessed. The interaction between rTMS and miR-567 was further verified by inducing the level of miR-567 in AD mice. RESULTS The administrations of rTMS improved the cognitive function of AD mice and attenuated brain tissue destruction, which were associated with the restored production of BDNF and NGF. Additionally, rTMS administrations suppressed the expression of miR-567 and up-regulated the expressions of NEUROD2 and PSD95, which contributed to the improved condition in central nerve system. With the induced level of miR-567, the effects of rTMS were counteracted: the learning and memorizing abilities of mice were impaired, the brain neuron viability was suppressed, and the production of neurotrophic factors was suppressed even under the administration of rTMS. The changes in brain function and tissues were associated with the inhibited expressions of NEUROD2 and PSD95. CONCLUSION The findings outlined in the current study demonstrated that rTMS treatment could protect brain against AD-induced MCI without significant side effects, and the function depended on the inhibition of miR-567.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Pang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhengjiang, 317200, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingfei Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhengjiang, 317200, People's Republic of China
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17
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Turriziani P, Smirni D, Mangano GR, Zappalà G, Giustiniani A, Cipolotti L, Oliveri M. Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Enhances Recognition Memory in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 72:613-622. [PMID: 31609693 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of effective pharmacological or behavioral interventions for memory impairments associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) emphasizes the need for the investigation of approaches based on neuromodulation. OBJECTIVE This study examined the effects of inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of prefrontal cortex on recognition memory in AD patients. METHODS In a first experiment, 24 mild AD patients received sham and real 1Hz rTMS over the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), in different sessions, between encoding and retrieval phases of a non-verbal recognition memory task. In a second experiment, another group of 14 AD patients underwent sham controlled repeated sessions of 1Hz rTMS of the right DLPFC across a two week treatment. Non-verbal recognition memory task was performed at baseline, at the end of the two weeks period and at a follow up of 1 month. RESULTS Right real rTMS significantly improved memory performance compared to right sham rTMS (p = 0.001). Left real rTMS left the memory performance unchanged as compared with left sham rTMS (p = 0.46). The two sham conditions did not differ between each other (p = 0.24). In the second experiment, AD patients treated with real rTMS showed an improvement of memory performance at the end of the two weeks treatment (p = 0.0009), that persisted at 1-month follow-up (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that inhibitory rTMS over the right DLPFC can improve recognition memory function in AD patients. They also suggest the importance of a new approach of non-invasive brain stimulation as a promising treatment in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Turriziani
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,NeuroTeam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Smirni
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,NeuroTeam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Renata Mangano
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,NeuroTeam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zappalà
- Unità di Neurologia Cognitiva e Riabilitazione, ARNAS Garibaldi, Catania, Italy
| | - Andreina Giustiniani
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,NEUROFARBA Department, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lisa Cipolotti
- Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Massimiliano Oliveri
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,NeuroTeam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
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18
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Pisano F, Caltagirone C, Satriano F, Perri R, Fadda L, Marangolo P. Can Alzheimer's Disease Be Prevented? First Evidence from Spinal Stimulation Efficacy on Executive Functions. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 77:1755-1764. [PMID: 32925066 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, a growing body of evidence has shown that, from the early stage of impairment, Alzheimer's patients (AD) present difficulties on a variety of tasks mostly relying on executive functions. These strongly impact their daily life activities causing a severe loss of independency and autonomy. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of transpinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) combined with cognitive trainings for improving attentional and executive function abilities in a group of AD patients. METHODS In a randomized-double blind design, sixteen AD patients underwent different cognitive trainings combined with tsDCS. During the treatment, each subject received tsDCS (20 min, 2 mA) over the thoracic vertebrae (IX-X vertebrae) in two different conditions: 1) anodal, and 2) sham while performing three computerized tasks: alertness, selective attention, and executive functions. Each experimental condition was run in ten consecutive daily sessions over two weeks. RESULTS After anodal tsDCS, a greater improvement in executive functions compared to sham condition was found. More importantly, the follow-up testing revealed that these effects lasted over 1 month after the intervention and generalized to the different neuropsychological tests administered before, after the treatment and at one month after the end of the intervention. This generalization was present also in the attentional domain. CONCLUSION This evidence emphasizes, for the first time, that tsDCS combined with cognitive training results efficacious for AD patients. We hypothesize that enhancing activity into the spinal sensorimotor pathways through stimulation improved cognitive abilities which rely on premotor activity, such as attention and executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pisano
- Department of Humanities studies - University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Paola Marangolo
- Department of Humanities studies - University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
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19
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Hu M, Hong L, He S, Huang G, Cheng Y, Chen Q. Effects of electrical stimulation on cell activity, cell cycle, cell apoptosis and β‑catenin pathway in the injured dorsal root ganglion cell. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2385-2394. [PMID: 32323840 PMCID: PMC7185288 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of electrical stimulation (ES) on cell activity, cell cycle and apoptosis in injured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells induced by cyclic mechanical stretching (CMS). The present study also investigated whether the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway is involved in this process. Injury and ES models were established in DRG cells. Then, cell activity was detected using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 and 5‑ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine‑594 cell proliferation assay kit. Cell cycle distribution was detected using a cell cycle detection kit. Apoptosis was detected using an Annexin V‑FITC apoptosis detection kit, and Wnt/β‑catenin pathway‑associated proteins were detected using western blotting. The present study demonstrated that CMS decreased DRG cell activity, increased the number of cells in the S phase, promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway. In addition, ES significantly increased the proliferation activity of DRG cells, increased the number of cells in the G2 phase, decreased the apoptotic rate and activated the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway, ultimately reversing the injury caused by CMS. Following inhibition of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway using XAV939, the effects of ES were weakened. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that ES may reverse CMS‑induced injury in DRG cells, and that the Wnt signaling pathway may be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Songming He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Guotao Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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20
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Increased interhemispheric synchrony underlying the improved athletic performance of rowing athletes by transcranial direct current stimulation. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 13:1324-1332. [PMID: 30145715 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9948-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To explore the mechanism of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the improved performance of professional rowing athletes. Twelve male professional rowing athletes were randomly divided into two groups (low-stimulation group, 1 mA, n = 6; high-stimulation group, 2 mA, n = 6), and they accepted tDCS for two consecutive weeks while undergoing regular training (20 min each time, five times a week, totally ten times). The assessments of depression, anxiety, executive function, fatigue perception, lactate threshold power (LTP) and isokinetic muscle strength as well as the collection of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were performed at baseline and at follow-up (the end of the fourth week). The voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) value was calculated in the whole brain. After stimulation, there were significant increases in executive function and athletic performance. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis indicated time factor, stimulation intensity factor had a main effect on LTP and 60RK, respectively. There was no significant difference of VMHC value between the high- and low-stimulation groups at baseline. Comparing with low-stimulation group, significant increased VMHC values of the bilateral middle temporal gyrus (MTG), precentral gyrus and superior frontal gyrus (SFG) were found in high-stimulation group at follow-up. Correlation analyses showed that in high-stimulation group, the VMHC values of bilateral MTG and SFG were both positively correlated with the measures of athletic performance. tDCS may contribute to the improvement of athletic performance in professional rowing athletes, and the increased interhemispheric coordination may be involved in the mechanism of the improved athletic performance.
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21
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Rahul DR, Joseph Ponniah R. Language impairment in primary progressive aphasia and other neurodegenerative diseases. J Genet 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-019-1139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Cirillo P, Gold AK, Nardi AE, Ornelas AC, Nierenberg AA, Camprodon J, Kinrys G. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in anxiety and trauma-related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01284. [PMID: 31066227 PMCID: PMC6576151 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been evaluated as an effective treatment option for patients with major depressive disorder. However, there are limited studies that have evaluated the efficacy of TMS for other neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety and trauma-related disorders. We reviewed the literature that has evaluated TMS as a treatment for anxiety and trauma-related disorders. METHODS We searched for articles published up to December 2017 in Embase, Medline, and ISI Web of Science databases, following the Preferred Items for Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Articles (n = 520) evaluating TMS in anxiety and trauma-related disorders were screened and a small subset of these that met the eligibility criteria (n = 17) were included in the systematic review, of which nine evaluated TMS in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), four in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), two in specific phobia (SP), and two in panic disorder (PD). The meta-analysis was performed with PTSD and GAD since PD and SP had an insufficient number of studies and sample sizes. RESULTS Among anxiety and trauma-related disorders, TMS has been most widely studied as a treatment for PTSD. TMS demonstrated large overall treatment effect for both PTSD (ES = -0.88, 95% CI: -1.42, -0.34) and GAD (ES = -2.06, 95% CI: -2.64, -1.48), including applying high frequency over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Since few studies have evaluated TMS for SP and PD, few conclusions can be drawn. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis suggests that TMS may be an effective treatment for GAD and PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Cirillo
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalCharlestownMassachusetts
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Alexandra K. Gold
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesBoston UniversityBostonMassachusetts
- Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment InnovationMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts
| | | | - Ana C. Ornelas
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Andrew A. Nierenberg
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts
- Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment InnovationMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Joan Camprodon
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalCharlestownMassachusetts
- Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment InnovationMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts
| | - Gustavo Kinrys
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts
- Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment InnovationMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
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23
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Lindberg KR, Dougherty ET. Location Specificity of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation on Neuronal Electrodynamics: A Mathematical Model of Ion Channel Gating Dynamics and Ionic Flux Due to Neurostimulation. Front Comput Neurosci 2019; 13:17. [PMID: 31019457 PMCID: PMC6458477 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2019.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (TES) continues to demonstrate success as a medical intervention for individuals with neurodegenerative diseases. Despite promising results from these neuromodulation modalities, the cellular level mechanisms by which this neurotherapy operates are not fully comprehended. In particular, the effects of TES on ion channel gating and ion transport are not known. Using the Poisson-Nernst-Planck model of electrodiffusion, coupled with a Hodgkin-Huxley based model of cellular ion transport, we present a model of TES that, for the first time, integrates electric potential energy, individualized ion species, voltage-gated ion channels, and transmembrane ionic flux during TES administration. Computational simulations are executed on a biologically-inspired domain with medically-based TES treatment parameters and quantify neuron-level electrical processes resulting from this form of neurostimulation. Results confirm prior findings that show that TES polarizes the cell membrane, however, these are extended as simulations in this paper show that polarization occurs in a location specific manner, where the type and degree of polarization depends on the position on the membrane within a node of Ranvier. In addition, results demonstrate that TES causes ion channel gating variables to change in a location specific fashion and, as a result, transmembrane current from distinct ion species depends on both time and membrane location. Another simulation finding is that intracellular calcium concentrations increase significantly due to a TES-induced calcium influx. As cytosolic calcium is critical in intracellular signaling pathways that govern proper neurotransmitter secretion as well as support cell viability, this alteration in calcium homeostasis suggests a possible mechanism by which TES operates at the neuronal level to achieve neurotherapeutic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaia R Lindberg
- Mathematics Department, Roger Williams University, Bristol, RI, United States
| | - Edward T Dougherty
- Mathematics Department, Roger Williams University, Bristol, RI, United States
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24
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Zarifkar AH, Zarifkar A, Nami M, Rafati A, Aligholi H, Vafaee F. Ameliorative Effects of Different Transcranial Electrical Stimulation Paradigms on the Novel Object Recognition Task in a Rat Model of Alzheimer Disease. Galen Med J 2019; 8:e1440. [PMID: 34466513 PMCID: PMC8344121 DOI: 10.31661/gmj.v8i0.1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment of Alzheimer as a disease that is associated with cognitive impairment has been associated with some restrictions. Recently, researchers have focused on non-pharmacological treatments, including non-invasive stimulation of the brain by transcranial electrical stimulation (tES). Four main paradigms of transcranial electrical current include transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial alternative current stimulation (tACS), transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS), transcranial pulse current stimulation (tPCS). The tDCS is a possible new therapeutic option for patients with cognitive impairment, including Alzheimer disease. Materials and Methods The study was done on Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 250-270 g. to develop Alzheimer's model, the cannula was implanted bilaterally into the hippocampus. Aβ 25-35 (5μg/ 2.5µl/day) was microinjected bilaterally for 4 days. Then, an electrical stimulation paradigm was applied to the animal for 6 days. Animal cognitive capacity was evaluated on day 11 and 12 by novel object recognition (NOR) test. Results Our results showed that application of tDCS; tACS; tRNS and tPCS reversed beta-amyloid-induced impairment (P<0.05). The tRNS Group spent total exploration time around the objects compared to other groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the four different paradigms in discrimination ratio and the percentage of total exploration time. Conclusion The results of this study showed that the use of multiple sessions of different tES paradigms could improve Aβ-induced memory impairment in the NOR test. Therefore, based on evidence, it can be expected that in addition to using tDCS, other stimulatory paradigms may also be considered in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Zarifkar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Asadollah Zarifkar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Correspondence to: Asadollah Zarifkar, Karim Khan Zand Boulevard, Shiraz, Iran Telephone Number: +98713230541-19 Email Address:
| | - Mohammad Nami
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- DANA Brain Health Institute, Iranian Neuroscience Society, Fars Chapter, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Rafati
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hadi Aligholi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Vafaee
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Andrade SM, de Oliveira EA, Alves NT, Dos Santos ACG, de Mendonça CTPL, Sampaio DDA, da Silva EEQC, da Fonsêca ÉKG, de Almeida Rodrigues ET, de Lima GNS, Carvalho J, da Silva JAS, Toledo M, da Rosa MRD, Gomes MQDC, de Oliveira MM, Lemos MTM, Lima NG, Inácio P, da Cruz Ribeiro E Rodrigues PM, Ferreira RGD, Cavalcante R, de Brito Aranha REL, Neves R, da Costa E Souza RM, Portugal TM, Martins WKN, Pontes V, de Paiva Fernandes TM, Contador I, Fernández-Calvo B. Neurostimulation Combined With Cognitive Intervention in Alzheimer's Disease (NeuroAD): Study Protocol of Double-Blind, Randomized, Factorial Clinical Trial. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:334. [PMID: 30450044 PMCID: PMC6225735 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), there is currently no prospect of a cure, and evidence shows that multifactorial interventions can benefit patients. A promising therapeutic alternative is the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) simultaneously with cognitive intervention. The combination of these non-pharmacological techniques is apparently a safe and accessible approach. This study protocol aims to compare the efficacy of tDCS and cognitive intervention in a double-blind, randomized and factorial clinical trial. One hundred participants diagnosed with mild-stage AD will be randomized to receive both tDCS and cognitive intervention, tDCS, cognitive intervention, or placebo. The treatment will last 8 weeks, with a 12-month follow-up. The primary outcome will be the improvement of global cognitive functions, evaluated by the AD Assessment Scale, cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog). The secondary outcomes will include measures of functional, affective, and behavioral components, as well as a neurophysiological marker (Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF). This study will enable us to assess, both in the short and long term, whether tDCS is more effective than the placebo and to examine the effects of combined therapy (tDCS and cognitive intervention) and isolated treatments (tDCS vs. cognitive intervention) on patients with AD. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02772185—May 5, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nelson Torro Alves
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Psychology, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Gomes Dos Santos
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Occupational Therapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Camila Teresa Ponce Leon de Mendonça
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Psychology, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Égina Karoline Gonçalves da Fonsêca
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Psychology, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Evelyn Thais de Almeida Rodrigues
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Psychology, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Nayara Siqueira de Lima
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Occupational Therapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Jamerson Carvalho
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Psychology, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Jessyca Alves Silvestre da Silva
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Occupational Therapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Manuella Toledo
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Marine Raquel Diniz da Rosa
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Marcia Queiroz de Carvalho Gomes
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Occupational Therapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nágylla Gomes Lima
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Penha Inácio
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Occupational Therapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Rayssa Gabriela Dantas Ferreira
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Occupational Therapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Renata Cavalcante
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Occupational Therapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Regina Neves
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Brazilian Alzheimer's Association, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Marmo da Costa E Souza
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Psychology, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vivian Pontes
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Thiago Monteiro de Paiva Fernandes
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Psychology, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Israel Contador
- Department of Psychology, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Basic Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology of Behavioral Science, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Bernardino Fernández-Calvo
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Psychology, The Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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Reed T, Cohen Kadosh R. Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) mechanisms and its effects on cortical excitability and connectivity. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:10.1007/s10545-018-0181-4. [PMID: 30006770 PMCID: PMC6326965 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-018-0181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we describe transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) techniques currently being used in neuroscientific research, including transcranial direct current (tDCS), alternating current (tACS) and random noise (tRNS) stimulation techniques. We explain how these techniques are used and summarise the proposed mechanisms of action for each technique. We continue by describing how each method has been used to alter endogenous neuronal oscillations and connectivity between brain regions, and we conclude by highlighting the varying effects of stimulation and discussing the future direction of these stimulation techniques in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Reed
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, New Richards Building, 71-73 Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LA, UK.
| | - Roi Cohen Kadosh
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, New Richards Building, 71-73 Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LA, UK
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Swan K, Hopper M, Wenke R, Jackson C, Till T, Conway E. Speech-Language Pathologist Interventions for Communication in Moderate-Severe Dementia: A Systematic Review. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2018; 27:836-852. [PMID: 29554196 DOI: 10.1044/2017_ajslp-17-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the evidence for direct and indirect interventions for communication in people with moderate-severe dementia. METHOD A systematic search of the literature was conducted, as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysed guidelines, across 8 electronic databases. Studies were included if they included direct or indirect interventions, which could be administered by a speech-language pathologist to people with moderate-severe dementia (defined as having Mini-Mental State Examination of ≤ 15; Folstein, Folstein, & McHugh, 1975). Studies also were required to include outcome measures, which reported on communication function or participation and/or well-being related to communication. Included studies were evaluated for methodological quality using the McMaster critical appraisal tool (Law et al., 1998). RESULTS Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Ten of these studies related to direct interventions and included cognitive stimulation approaches using group (n = 5) or individual therapy (n = 1); cognitive training, including naming therapy (n = 1) and spaced retrieval training (n = 1); and cognitive rehabilitation approaches using augmentative and alternative communication (n = 2). One study reported an indirect intervention: conversation partner training. Due to the heterogeneity of studies, a meta-analysis was unable to be conducted. A descriptive synthesis of results indicated that interventions generally resulted in positive changes to communication and related quality-of-life outcomes compared with baseline or control groups. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary evidence was found to support communication interventions for people with moderate-severe dementia. The use of cognitive stimulation approaches, which use a group treatment model and conversation, as a therapy medium show promise as direct intervention options. Implications for clinical practice for speech-language pathologists and future research are discussed. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5985241.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katina Swan
- Gold Coast Health, Speech Pathology Service, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marie Hopper
- Gold Coast Health, Speech Pathology Service, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rachel Wenke
- Gold Coast Health, Speech Pathology Service, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- Gold Coast Health, Clinical Governance, Education and Research (Allied Health), Southport, Queensland, Australia
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University (Adjunct Appointment), Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Claire Jackson
- Gold Coast Health, Speech Pathology Service, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tracy Till
- Gold Coast Health, Speech Pathology Service, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Erin Conway
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, Queensland
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Yuan H, Tabarak S, Su W, Liu Y, Yu J, Lei X. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Affects Judgments of Moral Violations. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1812. [PMID: 29123493 PMCID: PMC5662648 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies show that neural activities in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) are correlated with moral processing during picture viewing tasks. In this study, we applied transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to determine whether this non-invasive brain stimulation technique could modulate the evaluation of moral violations. Sixty-four subjects were randomly recruited, separated into different groups and tested with 42 pairs of pictures depicting moral violations. Each subject was required to rate the pictures two separate times, i.e., before and after tDCS intervention. We found that anodal tDCS (atDCS) increases cortical excitability over the mPFC (between the Fpz and Fp1 positions) as well as the sense of morality and emotional arousal of the subjects. In conclusion, this study indicated that the mPFC plays an important role in moral judgments while modulating ratings of moral violations under tDCS intervention conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yuan
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Serik Tabarak
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Su
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Lei
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Costa V, Brighina F, Piccoli T, Realmuto S, Fierro B. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the right hemisphere improves auditory comprehension in a case of dementia. NeuroRehabilitation 2017; 41:567-575. [DOI: 10.3233/nre-162062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Costa
- Department of Experimental BioMedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippo Brighina
- Department of Experimental BioMedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Tommaso Piccoli
- Department of Experimental BioMedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabrina Realmuto
- Department of Experimental BioMedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Brigida Fierro
- Department of Experimental BioMedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Sebastian R, Tsapkini K, Tippett DC. Transcranial direct current stimulation in post stroke aphasia and primary progressive aphasia: Current knowledge and future clinical applications. NeuroRehabilitation 2017; 39:141-52. [PMID: 27314871 DOI: 10.3233/nre-161346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in chronic post stroke aphasia is documented in a substantial literature, and there is some new evidence that tDCS can augment favorable language outcomes in primary progressive aphasia. Anodal tDCS is most often applied to the left hemisphere language areas to increase cortical excitability (increase the threshold of activation) and cathodal tDCS is most often applied to the right hemisphere homotopic areas to inhibit over activation in contralesional right homologues of language areas. Outcomes usually are based on neuropsychological and language test performance, following a medical model which emphasizes impairment of function, rather than a model which emphasizes functional communication. OBJECTIVE In this paper, we review current literature of tDCS as it is being used as a research tool, and discuss future implementation of tDCS as an adjuvant treatment to behavioral speech-language pathology intervention. METHODS We review literature describing non-invasive brain stimulation, the mechanism of tDCS, and studies of tDCS in aphasia and neurodegenerative disorders. We discuss future clinical applications. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS tDCS is a promising adjunct to traditional speech-language pathology intervention to address speech-language deficits after stroke and in the neurodegenerative disease, primary progressive aphasia. Limited data are available regarding how performance on these types of specific tasks translates to functional communication outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajani Sebastian
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kyrana Tsapkini
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Donna C Tippett
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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O'Brien JT, Holmes C, Jones M, Jones R, Livingston G, McKeith I, Mittler P, Passmore P, Ritchie C, Robinson L, Sampson EL, Taylor JP, Thomas A, Burns A. Clinical practice with anti-dementia drugs: A revised (third) consensus statement from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:147-168. [PMID: 28103749 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116680924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The British Association for Psychopharmacology coordinated a meeting of experts to review and revise its previous 2011 guidelines for clinical practice with anti-dementia drugs. As before, levels of evidence were rated using accepted standards which were then translated into grades of recommendation A-D, with A having the strongest evidence base (from randomised controlled trials) and D the weakest (case studies or expert opinion). Current clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia have sufficient accuracy to be applied in clinical practice (B) and both structural (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) and functional (positron emission tomography and single photon emission computerised tomography) brain imaging can improve diagnostic accuracy in particular situations (B). Cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine) are effective for cognition in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (A), memantine for moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (A) and combination therapy (cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine) may be beneficial (B). Drugs should not be stopped just because dementia severity increases (A). Until further evidence is available other drugs, including statins, anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamin E, nutritional supplements and Ginkgo biloba, cannot be recommended either for the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's disease (A). Neither cholinesterase inhibitors nor memantine are effective in those with mild cognitive impairment (A). Cholinesterase inhibitors are not effective in frontotemporal dementia and may cause agitation (A), though selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may help behavioural (but not cognitive) features (B). Cholinesterase inhibitors should be used for the treatment of people with Lewy body dementias (both Parkinson's disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies), and memantine may be helpful (A). No drugs are clearly effective in vascular dementia, though cholinesterase inhibitors are beneficial in mixed dementia (B). Early evidence suggests multifactorial interventions may have potential to prevent or delay the onset of dementia (B). Though the consensus statement focuses on medication, psychological interventions can be effective in addition to pharmacotherapy, both for cognitive and non-cognitive symptoms. Many novel pharmacological approaches involving strategies to reduce amyloid and/or tau deposition in those with or at high risk of Alzheimer's disease are in progress. Though results of pivotal studies in early (prodromal/mild) Alzheimer's disease are awaited, results to date in more established (mild to moderate) Alzheimer's disease have been equivocal and no disease modifying agents are either licensed or can be currently recommended for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew Jones
- 3 Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.,4 University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Roy Jones
- 5 The Research Institute for the Care of Older People, Bath, UK.,6 University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Craig Ritchie
- 10 Centre for Dementia Prevention, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Gervits F, Ash S, Coslett HB, Rascovsky K, Grossman M, Hamilton R. Transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of primary progressive aphasia: An open-label pilot study. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2016; 162:35-41. [PMID: 27522537 PMCID: PMC5204261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by gradual deterioration of language function. We investigated whether two weeks of daily transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) treatment would improve language abilities in six people with a non-fluent form of PPA. tDCS was applied in an unblinded trial at an intensity of 1.5mA for 20min/day over 10days. At the time of stimulation, patients were engaged in narrating one of several children's wordless picture stories. A battery of neuropsychological assessments was administered four times: at baseline, immediately following the 2-week stimulation period, and then 6-weeks and 12-weeks following the end of stimulation. We observed improvement in linguistic performance in the domains of speech production and grammatical comprehension. Our encouraging results indicate that larger, sham-controlled studies of tDCS as a potential intervention for PPA are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Gervits
- Laboratory for Cognition and Neural Stimulation, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Sharon Ash
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - H Branch Coslett
- Laboratory for Cognition and Neural Stimulation, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Katya Rascovsky
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Murray Grossman
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Roy Hamilton
- Laboratory for Cognition and Neural Stimulation, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States.
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Tatti E, Rossi S, Innocenti I, Rossi A, Santarnecchi E. Non-invasive brain stimulation of the aging brain: State of the art and future perspectives. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 29:66-89. [PMID: 27221544 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Favored by increased life expectancy and reduced birth rate, worldwide demography is rapidly shifting to older ages. The golden age of aging is not only an achievement but also a big challenge because of the load of the elderly on social and medical health care systems. Moreover, the impact of age-related decline of attention, memory, reasoning and executive functions on self-sufficiency emphasizes the need of interventions to maintain cognitive abilities at a useful degree in old age. Recently, neuroscientific research explored the chance to apply Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (NiBS) techniques (as transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation) to healthy aging population to preserve or enhance physiologically-declining cognitive functions. The present review will update and address the current state of the art on NiBS in healthy aging. Feasibility of NiBS techniques will be discussed in light of recent neuroimaging (either structural or functional) and neurophysiological models proposed to explain neural substrates of the physiologically aging brain. Further, the chance to design multidisciplinary interventions to maximize the efficacy of NiBS techniques will be introduced as a necessary future direction.
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Vedam-Mai V, Baradaran-Shoraka M, Reynolds BA, Okun MS. Tissue Response to Deep Brain Stimulation and Microlesion: A Comparative Study. Neuromodulation 2016; 19:451-8. [PMID: 27018335 PMCID: PMC4961567 DOI: 10.1111/ner.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is used for a variety of movement disorders, including Parkinson's disease. There are several theories regarding the biology and mechanisms of action of DBS. Previously, we observed an up-regulation of neural progenitor cell proliferation in post-mortem tissue suggesting that DBS can influence cellular plasticity in regions beyond the site of stimulation. We wanted to support these observations and investigate the relationship if any, between DBS, neural progenitor cells, and microglia. METHODS We used naïve rats in this study for DBS electrode implantation, stimulation, and microlesions. We used immunohistochemistry techniques for labeling microglial and progenitor cells, and fluorescence microscopy for viewing and quantification of labeled cells. RESULTS We present data that demonstrates a reciprocal relationship of microglia and neural precursor cells in the presence of acute high frequency stimulation. In our hands, stimulated animals demonstrate significantly lower numbers of activated microglia (p = 0.026) when compared to microlesion and sham animals. The subthalamic region surrounding the DBS stimulating electrode reveals a significant increase in the number of neural precursor cells expressing cell cycle markers, plasticity and precursor cell markers (Ki67; p = 0.0013, MCM2; p = 0.0002). INTERPRETATION We conclude that in this animal model, acute DBS results in modest local progenitor cell proliferation and influenced the total number of activated microglia. This could be of clinical significance in patients with PD, as it is thought to progress via neuroinflammatory processes involving microglia, cytokines, and the complement system. Further studies are required to comprehend the behavior of microglia in different activation states and their ability to regulate adult neurogenesis under physiologic and pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinata Vedam-Mai
- Department of Neurosurgery, McKnight Brain Institute, University of FL, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Neurology, UF Center for Movement Disorders and Restoration, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Brent A Reynolds
- Department of Neurosurgery, McKnight Brain Institute, University of FL, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael S Okun
- Movement Disorders & Neurorestoration, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Smirni D, Turriziani P, Mangano GR, Cipolotti L, Oliveri M. Modulating Memory Performance in Healthy Subjects with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144838. [PMID: 26679936 PMCID: PMC4682999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The role of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) in recognition memory has been well documented in lesion, neuroimaging and repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) studies. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) over the left and the right DLPFC during the delay interval of a non-verbal recognition memory task. Method 36 right-handed young healthy subjects participated in the study. The experimental task was an Italian version of Recognition Memory Test for unknown faces. Study included two experiments: in a first experiment, each subject underwent one session of sham tDCS and one session of left or right cathodal tDCS; in a second experiment each subject underwent one session of sham tDCS and one session of left or right anodal tDCS. Results Cathodal tDCS over the right DLPFC significantly improved non verbal recognition memory performance, while cathodal tDCS over the left DLPFC had no effect. Anodal tDCS of both the left and right DLPFC did not modify non verbal recognition memory performance. Conclusion Complementing the majority of previous studies, reporting long term memory facilitations following left prefrontal anodal tDCS, the present findings show that cathodal tDCS of the right DLPFC can also improve recognition memory in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Smirni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e della Formazione, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- NeuroTeam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Patrizia Turriziani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e della Formazione, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- NeuroTeam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Renata Mangano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e della Formazione, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- NeuroTeam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lisa Cipolotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e della Formazione, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- NeuroTeam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Massimiliano Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e della Formazione, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- NeuroTeam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione “SantaLucia”, Roma, Italy
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Nizetic D, Chen CL, Hong W, Koo EH. Inter-Dependent Mechanisms Behind Cognitive Dysfunction, Vascular Biology and Alzheimer's Dementia in Down Syndrome: Multi-Faceted Roles of APP. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:299. [PMID: 26648852 PMCID: PMC4664698 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
People with Down syndrome (DS) virtually all develop intellectual disability (ID) of varying degree of severity, and also have a high risk of early Alzheimer's disease (AD). ID prior to the onset of dementia, and its relationship to the onset of dementia in DS is a complex phenomenon influenced by many factors, and scarcely understood. Unraveling the causative factors and modulators of these processes remains a challenge, with potential to be informative for both ID and AD, for the development of early biomarkers and/or therapeutic approaches. We review the potential relative and inter-connected roles of the chromosome 21 gene for amyloid precursor protein (APP), in both pathological conditions. Rare non-DS people with duplication of APP (dupAPP) get familial early onset AD (FEOAD) with virtually 100% penetrance and prominent cerebrovascular pathology, but don't suffer from ID before dementia onset. All of these features appear to be radically different in DS. On the other hand, rare individuals with partial trisomy 21 (T21) (with APP, but not DS-critical region in trisomy) have been described having ID. Likewise, partial T21 DS (without APP trisomy) show a range of ID, but no AD pathology. We review the multi-faceted roles of APP that might affect cognitive functioning. Given the fact that both Aβ secretion and synaptic maturation/plasticity are dependent on neuronal activity, we explore how this conflicting inter-dependency might affect cognitive pathogenesis in a dynamic way in DS, throughout the lifespan of an individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Nizetic
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Singapore ; The LonDownS Consortium, Wellcome Trust London, UK ; The Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London London, UK
| | - Christopher L Chen
- Department of Psychological Medicine and Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore Singapore ; Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore Singapore
| | - Wanjin Hong
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (AStar), Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Singapore Singapore
| | - Edward H Koo
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore Singapore ; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego San Diego, CA, USA
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Woods AJ, Antal A, Bikson M, Boggio PS, Brunoni AR, Celnik P, Cohen LG, Fregni F, Herrmann CS, Kappenman ES, Knotkova H, Liebetanz D, Miniussi C, Miranda PC, Paulus W, Priori A, Reato D, Stagg C, Wenderoth N, Nitsche MA. A technical guide to tDCS, and related non-invasive brain stimulation tools. Clin Neurophysiol 2015; 127:1031-1048. [PMID: 26652115 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 793] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), including transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation (tDCS, tACS) are non-invasive brain stimulation techniques increasingly used for modulation of central nervous system excitability in humans. Here we address methodological issues required for tES application. This review covers technical aspects of tES, as well as applications like exploration of brain physiology, modelling approaches, tES in cognitive neurosciences, and interventional approaches. It aims to help the reader to appropriately design and conduct studies involving these brain stimulation techniques, understand limitations and avoid shortcomings, which might hamper the scientific rigor and potential applications in the clinical domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Institute on Aging, McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - A Antal
- University Medical Center, Dept. Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - M Bikson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, USA
| | - P S Boggio
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Science, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A R Brunoni
- Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Celnik
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L G Cohen
- Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - F Fregni
- Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Center for Clinical Research Learning, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard University, USA
| | - C S Herrmann
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Center of excellence Hearing4all, Department for Psychology, Faculty for Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Ammerländer Heerstr, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - E S Kappenman
- Center for Mind & Brain and Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - H Knotkova
- MJHS Institute for Innovation in Palliative Care, New York, NY, USA
| | - D Liebetanz
- University Medical Center, Dept. Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - C Miniussi
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia & Cognitive Neuroscience Section, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - P C Miranda
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - W Paulus
- University Medical Center, Dept. Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - A Priori
- Direttore Clinica Neurologica III, Università degli Studi di Milano, Ospedale San Paolo, Milan, Italy
| | - D Reato
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, USA
| | - C Stagg
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB) Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity (OHBA), Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - N Wenderoth
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, Dept. Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M A Nitsche
- University Medical Center, Dept. Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany; Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Neurology, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
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Huang Y, Li Y, Chen J, Zhou H, Tan S. Electrical Stimulation Elicits Neural Stem Cells Activation: New Perspectives in CNS Repair. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:586. [PMID: 26539102 PMCID: PMC4610200 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Researchers are enthusiastically concerned about neural stem cell (NSC) therapy in a wide array of diseases, including stroke, neurodegenerative disease, spinal cord injury, and depression. Although enormous evidences have demonstrated that neurobehavioral improvement may benefit from NSC-supporting regeneration in animal models, approaches to endogenous and transplanted NSCs are blocked by hurdles of migration, proliferation, maturation, and integration of NSCs. Electrical stimulation (ES) may be a selective non-drug approach for mobilizing NSCs in the central nervous system. This technique is suitable for clinical application, because it is well established and its potential complications are manageable. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the emerging positive role of different electrical cues in regulating NSC biology in vitro and in vivo, as well as biomaterial-based and chemical stimulation of NSCs. In the future, ES combined with stem cell therapy or other cues probably becomes an approach for promoting brain repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Huang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - YeE Li
- Department of Neurology, Dalang Hospital , Dongguan , China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Hongxing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Sheng Tan
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects language functions and often begins in the fifth or sixth decade of life. The devastating effects on work and home life call for the investigation of treatment alternatives. In this paper, we present a review of the literature on treatment approaches for this neurodegenerative disease. We also present new data from two intervention studies we have conducted, a behavioral one and a neuromodulatory one using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with written production intervention. We show that speech-language intervention improves language outcomes in individuals with PPA, and especially in the short term, tDCS augments generalization and maintenance of positive language outcomes. We also outline current issues and challenges in intervention approaches in PPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna C Tippett
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Rutherford G, Lithgow B, Moussavi Z. Short and Long-term Effects of rTMS Treatment on Alzheimer's Disease at Different Stages: A Pilot Study. J Exp Neurosci 2015; 9:43-51. [PMID: 26064066 PMCID: PMC4457230 DOI: 10.4137/jen.s24004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) uses a magnetic coil to induce an electric field in brain tissue. As a pilot study, we investigated the effect of rTMS treatment on 10 volunteers with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in a two-stage study. The first stage consisted of a double-blind crossover study with real and sham treatments. Each treatment block consisted of 13 sessions over 4 weeks. During each session, 2000 TMS pulses at 90%–100% of resting motor threshold were applied to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex bilaterally, and the patients were kept cognitively active by object/action naming during the treatment. The second stage was an open-label study, in which the same treatments were performed in 2-week blocks (10 sessions) approximately every 3 months as follow-up treatments on six of the volunteers, who completed the first stage of the study. Primary outcome measures were the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) and the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale. The secondary outcome measures were the Revised Memory and Behavior Checklist as well as our team’s custom-designed cognitive assessments. The results showed a noticeably stronger improvement on all assessments during the real treatment as compared to the sham treatment. The changes in MOCA scores as well as our designed cognitive assessment were found to be statistically significant, with particularly strong results in the six volunteers who were in the early stages of the disease. The long-term trends observed in the second stage of the study also showed generally less decline than would be expected for their condition. It appears that rTMS can be an effective tool for improving the cognitive abilities of patients with early to moderate stages of AD. However, the positive effects of rTMS may persist for only up to a few weeks. Specific skills being practiced during rTMS treatment may retain their improvement for longer periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Rutherford
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Brian Lithgow
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. ; Monash-Alfred Psychiatry Research Center, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zahra Moussavi
- Biomedical Engineering Program and Psychiatry Department, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Hsu WY, Ku Y, Zanto TP, Gazzaley A. Effects of noninvasive brain stimulation on cognitive function in healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:2348-59. [PMID: 26022770 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the effects of noninvasive brain stimulation on cognitive function in healthy older adults and patients with Alzheimer's disease. A comprehensive literature search was performed on noninvasive stimulation studies published from January 1990 to November 2014 in Pubmed and Web of Science. Fourteen articles with a total of 331 participants were identified as studies with healthy older adults, and the mean effect size and 95% confidence interval were estimated. A significant effect size of 0.42 was found for the cognitive outcome. Further subgroup analyses demonstrated more prominent effects for studies delivering the stimulation before the execution of the task and studies applying multiple sessions of stimulation. To assess the effects of stimulation on Alzheimer's disease patients, 11 studies with a total of 200 patients were included in the analysis. A significant effect size of 1.35 was found for the cognitive outcomes. Subgroup analyses indicated more pronounced effects for studies applying the stimulation during the execution of the task compared with studies delivering the stimulation before the execution of the task. Noninvasive brain stimulation has a positive effect on cognitive function in physiological and pathological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yu Hsu
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yixuan Ku
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Institue of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Theodore P Zanto
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam Gazzaley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Jones KT, Stephens JA, Alam M, Bikson M, Berryhill ME. Longitudinal neurostimulation in older adults improves working memory. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121904. [PMID: 25849358 PMCID: PMC4388845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing concern affecting a growing aging population is working memory (WM) decline. Consequently, there is great interest in improving or stabilizing WM, which drives expanded use of brain training exercises. Such regimens generally result in temporary WM benefits to the trained tasks but minimal transfer of benefit to untrained tasks. Pairing training with neurostimulation may stabilize or improve WM performance by enhancing plasticity and strengthening WM-related cortical networks. We tested this possibility in healthy older adults. Participants received 10 sessions of sham (control) or active (anodal, 1.5 mA) tDCS to the right prefrontal, parietal, or prefrontal/parietal (alternating) cortices. After ten minutes of sham or active tDCS, participants performed verbal and visual WM training tasks. On the first, tenth, and follow-up sessions, participants performed transfer WM tasks including the spatial 2-back, Stroop, and digit span tasks. The results demonstrated that all groups benefited from WM training, as expected. However, at follow-up 1-month after training ended, only the participants in the active tDCS groups maintained significant improvement. Importantly, this pattern was observed for both trained and transfer tasks. These results demonstrate that tDCS-linked WM training can provide long-term benefits in maintaining cognitive training benefits and extending them to untrained tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T. Jones
- Memory and Brain Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, United States of America
- Cognitive Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Jaclyn A. Stephens
- Memory and Brain Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, United States of America
| | - Mahtab Alam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Marom Bikson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Marian E. Berryhill
- Memory and Brain Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wefel JS, Kesler SR, Noll KR, Schagen SB. Clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and management of noncentral nervous system cancer-related cognitive impairment in adults. CA Cancer J Clin 2015; 65:123-38. [PMID: 25483452 PMCID: PMC4355212 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Over the past few decades, a body of research has emerged confirming what many adult patients with noncentral nervous system cancer have long reported-that cancer and its treatment are frequently associated with cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). The severity of CRCI varies, and symptoms can emerge early or late in the disease course. Nonetheless, CRCI is typically mild to moderate in nature and primarily involves the domains of memory, attention, executive functioning, and processing speed. Animal models and novel neuroimaging techniques have begun to unravel the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying CRCI, including the role of inflammatory cascades, direct neurotoxic effects, damage to progenitor cells, white matter abnormalities, and reduced functional connectivity, among others. Given the paucity of research on CRCI with other cancer populations, this review synthesizes the current literature with a deliberate focus on CRCI within the context of breast cancer. A hypothetical case-study approach is used to illustrate how CRCI often presents clinically and how current science can inform practice. While the literature regarding intervention for CRCI is nascent, behavioral and pharmacologic approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S. Wefel
- Associate Professor, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Corresponding author: Jeffrey S. Wefel, PhD, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 431, Houston, TX 77030;
| | - Shelli R. Kesler
- Associate Professor, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kyle R. Noll
- Associate Professor, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sanne B. Schagen
- Associate Professor, Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Fregni F, Nitsche MA, Loo CK, Brunoni AR, Marangolo P, Leite J, Carvalho S, Bolognini N, Caumo W, Paik NJ, Simis M, Ueda K, Ekhitari H, Luu P, Tucker DM, Tyler WJ, Brunelin J, Datta A, Juan CH, Venkatasubramanian G, Boggio PS, Bikson M. Regulatory Considerations for the Clinical and Research Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS): review and recommendations from an expert panel. CLINICAL RESEARCH AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS 2015; 32:22-35. [PMID: 25983531 PMCID: PMC4431691 DOI: 10.3109/10601333.2015.980944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The field of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) has experienced significant growth in the past 15 years. One of the tES techniques leading this increased interest is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Significant research efforts have been devoted to determining the clinical potential of tDCS in humans. Despite the promising results obtained with tDCS in basic and clinical neuroscience, further progress has been impeded by a lack of clarity on international regulatory pathways. We therefore convened a group of research and clinician experts on tDCS to review the research and clinical use of tDCS. In this report, we review the regulatory status of tDCS, and we summarize the results according to research, off-label and compassionate use of tDCS in the following countries: Australia, Brazil, France, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Portugal, South Korea, Taiwan and United States. Research use, off label treatment and compassionate use of tDCS are employed in most of the countries reviewed in this study. It is critical that a global or local effort is organized to pursue definite evidence to either approve and regulate or restrict the use of tDCS in clinical practice on the basis of adequate randomized controlled treatment trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fregni
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - M A Nitsche
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - C K Loo
- School of Psychiatry & The Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - A R Brunoni
- Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil and Division of Neurology, Santa Casa Medicak School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Marangolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, and IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Roma, Italy
| | - J Leite
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA ; Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - S Carvalho
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA ; Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - N Bolognini
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, and Laboratory of Neuropsychology, IRCC Instituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - W Caumo
- Laboratory of Pain & Neuromodulation at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre at UFRGS
| | - N J Paik
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M Simis
- Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil and Division of Neurology, Santa Casa Medicak School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - K Ueda
- National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Ekhitari
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran ; Neurocognitive Laboratory, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - P Luu
- Electrical Geodesics, Inc., and University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - D M Tucker
- Electrical Geodesics, Inc., and University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - W J Tyler
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, and School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA USA
| | - J Brunelin
- EA 4615, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, Université de Lyon, F-69003, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Bron, France
| | - A Datta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Neural Engineering Laboratory, The City College of the City University of New York New York, NY, USA
| | - C H Juan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taiwan
| | - G Venkatasubramanian
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - P S Boggio
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Healthy and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Bikson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Neural Engineering Laboratory, The City College of the City University of New York New York, NY, USA
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Nardone R, Höller Y, Tezzon F, Christova M, Schwenker K, Golaszewski S, Trinka E, Brigo F. Neurostimulation in Alzheimer's disease: from basic research to clinical applications. Neurol Sci 2015; 36:689-700. [PMID: 25721941 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-015-2120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of different methods of brain stimulation provides a promising therapeutic tool with potentially beneficial effects on subjects with impaired cognitive functions. We performed a systematic review of the studies published in the field of neurostimulation in Alzheimer's disease (AD), from basic research to clinical applications. The main methods of non-invasive brain stimulation are repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. Preliminary findings have suggested that both techniques can enhance performances on several cognitive functions impaired in AD. Another non-invasive emerging neuromodulatory approach, the transcranial electromagnetic treatment, was found to reverse cognitive impairment in AD transgenic mice and even improves cognitive performance in normal mice. Experimental studies suggest that high-frequency electromagnetic fields may be critically important in AD prevention and treatment through their action at mitochondrial level. Finally, the application of a widely known invasive technique, the deep brain stimulation (DBS), has increasingly been considered as a therapeutic option also for patients with AD; it has been demonstrated that DBS of fornix/hypothalamus and nucleus basalis of Meynert might improve or at least stabilize cognitive functioning in AD. Initial encouraging results provide support for continuing to investigate non-invasive and invasive brain stimulation approaches as an adjuvant treatment for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Nardone
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Salzburg, Austria,
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García-Betances RI, Jiménez-Mixco V, Arredondo MT, Cabrera-Umpiérrez MF. Using virtual reality for cognitive training of the elderly. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2015; 30:49-54. [PMID: 25107931 PMCID: PMC10852905 DOI: 10.1177/1533317514545866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is a pressing demand for improving the quality and efficacy of health care and social support services needed by the world's growing elderly population, especially by those affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-type early-stage dementia. Meeting that demand can significantly benefit from the deployment of innovative, computer-based applications capable of addressing specific needs, particularly in the area of cognitive impairment mitigation and rehabilitation. In that context, we present here our perspective viewpoint on the use of virtual reality (VR) tools for cognitive rehabilitation training, intended to assist medical personnel, health care workers, and other caregivers in improving the quality of daily life activities of people with MCI and AD. We discuss some effective design criteria and developmental strategies and suggest some possibly useful protocols and procedures. The particular innovative supportive advantages offered by the immersive interactive characteristics inherent to VR technology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca I García-Betances
- Life Supporting Technologies (LifeSTech), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Viveca Jiménez-Mixco
- Life Supporting Technologies (LifeSTech), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María T Arredondo
- Life Supporting Technologies (LifeSTech), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María F Cabrera-Umpiérrez
- Life Supporting Technologies (LifeSTech), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Rinaldi S, Calzà L, Giardino L, Biella GEM, Zippo AG, Fontani V. Radio electric asymmetric conveyer: a novel neuromodulation technology in Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. Front Psychiatry 2015; 6:22. [PMID: 25741289 PMCID: PMC4330882 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Global research in the field of pharmacology has not yet found effective drugs to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, alternative therapeutic strategies are under investigation, such as neurostimulation by physical means. Radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) is one of these technologies and has, until now, been used in clinical studies on several psychiatric and neurological disorders with encouraging results in the absence of side effects. Moreover, studies at the cellular level have shown that REAC technology, with the appropriate protocols, is able to induce neuronal differentiation both in murine embryonic cells and in human adult differentiated cells. Other studies have shown that REAC technology is able to positively influence senescence processes. Studies conducted on AD patients and in transgenic mouse models have shown promising results, suggesting REAC could be a useful therapy for certain components of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Rinaldi
- Rinaldi Fontani Foundation , Florence , Italy ; Department of Neuro Psycho Physical Optimization, Rinaldi Fontani Institute , Florence , Italy ; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Rinaldi Fontani Institute , Florence , Italy
| | - Laura Calzà
- IRET Foundation , Ozzano dell'Emilia , Italy ; Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Luciana Giardino
- IRET Foundation , Ozzano dell'Emilia , Italy ; Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Gabriele E M Biella
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council , Segrate , Italy
| | - Antonio G Zippo
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council , Segrate , Italy
| | - Vania Fontani
- Rinaldi Fontani Foundation , Florence , Italy ; Department of Neuro Psycho Physical Optimization, Rinaldi Fontani Institute , Florence , Italy ; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Rinaldi Fontani Institute , Florence , Italy
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Penolazzi B, Bergamaschi S, Pastore M, Villani D, Sartori G, Mondini S. Transcranial direct current stimulation and cognitive training in the rehabilitation of Alzheimer disease: A case study. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2014; 25:799-817. [DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2014.977301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Multiscale coupling of transcranial direct current stimulation to neuron electrodynamics: modeling the influence of the transcranial electric field on neuronal depolarization. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2014; 2014:360179. [PMID: 25404950 PMCID: PMC4227389 DOI: 10.1155/2014/360179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) continues to demonstrate success as a medical intervention for neurodegenerative diseases, psychological conditions, and traumatic brain injury recovery. One aspect of tDCS still not fully comprehended is the influence of the tDCS electric field on neural functionality. To address this issue, we present a mathematical, multiscale model that couples tDCS administration to neuron electrodynamics. We demonstrate the model's validity and medical applicability with computational simulations using an idealized two-dimensional domain and then an MRI-derived, three-dimensional human head geometry possessing inhomogeneous and anisotropic tissue conductivities. We exemplify the capabilities of these simulations with real-world tDCS electrode configurations and treatment parameters and compare the model's predictions to those attained from medical research studies. The model is implemented using efficient numerical strategies and solution techniques to allow the use of fine computational grids needed by the medical community.
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