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Zhang M, Wu C, Zhang H, Yang N, Wang C, Jike X, Zhang T, Lei H. Comparison of different drying technologies for kiwifruit pomace: Changes in physical characteristics, nutritional properties and antioxidant capacities. Food Chem 2024; 451:139497. [PMID: 38692240 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of different drying technologies including microwave drying (MD), vacuum microwave drying (VMD), sun drying (SD), vacuum drying (VD), hot air drying (HAD), and vacuum freeze drying (VFD) on the physical characteristics, nutritional properties and antioxidant capacities of kiwifruit pomace in order to realize by-product utilization and improve energy efficiency. Results showed that both MD and VMD significantly reduced drying time by >94.6%, compared to traditional thermal drying which took 14-48 h. MD exhibited the highest content of soluble dietary fiber (9.5%) and the lowest energy consumption. Furthermore, VMD resulted in the highest content of vitamin C (198.78 mg/100 g) and reducing sugar (73.78%), and the antioxidant capacities ranked only second to VFD. Given the financial advantages and product quality, VMD was suggested to be advantageous technology in actual industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Caiyun Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Hexin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Nana Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Chengxin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Xiaolan Jike
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Farm Product Storage and Processing, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Urumqi 830091, China.
| | - Hongjie Lei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Liang M, Wu Y, Wang R, Zhang Z, Xin R, Liu Y. Insights into the key odorants in fresh and dried Amomum tsaoko using the sensomics approach. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101344. [PMID: 38595757 PMCID: PMC11002797 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
To identify the key odorants in Amomum tsaoko (AT), volatiles in fresh AT (FAT) and dried AT (DAT) were investigated using molecular sensory science. In addition to this, the sensomics approach was used to confirm the presence of the compound in FAT that contributed the most to its aroma profile. A total of 49 odor-active compounds (43 in FAT and 42 in DAT) with flavor dilution (FD) factors ranging from 1 to 6561 were identified, with eucalyptol exhibiting the highest FD factor of 6561. Odorants with FD factors ≥ 27 were quantitated, and 23 and 20 compounds in FAT and DAT, respectively, with odor activity value ≥ 1 were determined as key odorants. Recombination and omission experiment further indicated that (E)-2-dodecenal, geranial, octanal, (E)-2-octenal, (E)-2-decenal, and eucalyptol contributed significantly to the overall aroma profile of FAT. After drying of FAT, the concentrations of aldehydes decreased significantly, whereas those of terpene hydrocarbons increased. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that 26 FAT and 23 DAT odorants were biomarker compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liang
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yajian Wu
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Runhu Xin
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Bala E, Dey S, Patra S, Singha S. Assessment of microwave drying for rapid and convenient analysis of medicinal plants for quality assurance. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:903-922. [PMID: 38403936 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The safety and quality of many medicinally important herbs are compromised since farmers and small organizations are involved in the cultivation, aggregation, and primary processing of these herbs. Such organizations often lack adequate quality control facilities. To improve the safety and quality of herbal products, simple, rapid, and affordable quality control systems are required. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of microwave oven-drying for moisture content (MC) determination and sample preparation of herbs in small organizations. METHODS Microwave oven-drying (720 W) and convective oven-drying at 105°C for MC determination were compared. The effects of three different drying methods (microwave oven-drying, low-temperature convective drying, and freeze-drying) on in vitro antioxidant and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity were determined, similarity analysis was conducted using HPLC signature spectra, and validation was performed with LC-MS focusing on one herb. RESULTS Microwave oven-drying at 720 W significantly reduced the drying time (from hours to minutes), whereas the spatial variation of temperature in convective ovens set at 105°C can cause about 10% underestimation of MC. Microwave oven-drying showed similar macro-properties like freeze-drying and higher extractability (10%-20%) and in vitro antioxidant capacity (33%-66%) and lower PPO activity compared to low-temperature convective drying. HPLC signature spectra revealed strong similarity of soluble components between freeze-dried and microwave oven-dried herbs. LC-MS analysis demonstrated more common compounds between freeze-dried and microwave oven-dried Centella asiatica extracts, whereas convective tray-dried samples had fewer compounds common with samples obtained by freeze-drying or microwave oven-drying. CONCLUSIONS Microwave oven-drying is rapid (tens of min) and shows small batch-to-batch variation compared to oven-drying at 105°C. The in vitro antioxidant assays and signature spectra can be used for assessing the source and purity or quality of a specific herb variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha Bala
- School of Agro and Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Saurav Dey
- Guwahati Biotech Park, Government of Assam, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sanjukta Patra
- Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Siddhartha Singha
- School of Agro and Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Cano-Gómez CI, Alonso-Castro AJ, Carranza-Alvarez C, Wong-Paz JE. Advancements in Litchi chinensis Peel Processing: A Scientific Review of Drying, Extraction, and Isolation of Its Bioactive Compounds. Foods 2024; 13:1461. [PMID: 38790761 PMCID: PMC11119950 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This article systematically reviews the advancements in processing litchi peel (Litchi chinensis), emphasizing drying, extraction, purification methods, and the potential of bioactive compounds obtained from litchi peel. This work also highlights the impact of various drying techniques on phytochemical profiles, focusing on how methods such as hot air and freeze-drying affect the preservation of bioactive compounds. The study delves into extraction methods, detailing how different solvents and techniques influence the efficiency of extracting bioactive compounds from litchi peel. Furthermore, the purification and characterization of active compounds, showcasing the role of chromatographic techniques in isolating specific bioactive molecules, is discussed. Biological properties and mechanisms of action, such as antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, and anticancer activities, are reviewed, providing insight into the potential health benefits of litchi peel compounds. This review highlights the importance of optimizing and selecting accurate drying and extraction methods to maximize the therapeutic effects of litchi peel and its bioactive compounds. This review also reveals the broad pharmacological potential of the isolated compounds, underscoring the need for further research to discover their specific actions and health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Iván Cano-Gómez
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Cd. Valles, San Luis Potosi 79080, Mexico; (C.I.C.-G.); (C.C.-A.)
| | - Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta, Colonia Noria Alta Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36250, Mexico;
| | - Candy Carranza-Alvarez
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Cd. Valles, San Luis Potosi 79080, Mexico; (C.I.C.-G.); (C.C.-A.)
| | - Jorge E. Wong-Paz
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Cd. Valles, San Luis Potosi 79080, Mexico; (C.I.C.-G.); (C.C.-A.)
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Tan S, Liu Z, Cong M, Zhong X, Mao Y, Fan M, Jiao F, Qiao H. Dandelion-derived vesicles-laden hydrogel dressings capable of neutralizing Staphylococcus aureus exotoxins for the care of invasive wounds. J Control Release 2024; 368:355-371. [PMID: 38432468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Delayed wound healing caused by bacterial infection remains a major challenge in clinical treatment. Exotoxins incorporated in bacterial extracellular vesicles play a key role as the disease-causing virulence factors. Safe and specific antivirulence agents are expected to be developed as an effective anti-bacterial infection strategy, instead of single antibiotic therapy. Plant-derived extracellular vesicle-like nanoparticles have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for skin diseases, but the elucidations of specific mechanisms of action and clinical transformation still need to be advanced. Here, dandelion-derived extracellular vesicle-like nanoparticles (TH-EVNs) are isolated and exert antivirulence activity through specifically binding to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) exotoxins, thereby protecting the host cell from attack. The neutralization of TH-EVNs against exotoxins has considerable binding force and stability, showing complete detoxification effect in vivo. Then gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel is developed as TH-EVNs-loaded dressing for S. aureus exotoxin-invasive wounds. Hydrogel dressings demonstrate good physical and mechanical properties, thus achieving wound retention and controlled release of TH-EVNs, in addition to promoting cell proliferation and migration. In vivo results show accelerated re-epithelialization, promotion of collagen maturity and reduction of inflammation after treatment. Collectively, the developed TH-EVNs-laden hydrogel dressings provide a potential therapeutic approach for S. aureus exotoxin- associated trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyu Tan
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhuoya Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Minghui Cong
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhong
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yinping Mao
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mingjie Fan
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fangwen Jiao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hongzhi Qiao
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Paschalidis K, Fanourakis D, Tsaniklidis G, Tsichlas I, Tzanakakis VA, Bilias F, Samara E, Ipsilantis I, Grigoriadou K, Samartza I, Matsi T, Tsoktouridis G, Krigas N. DNA Barcoding and Fertilization Strategies in Sideritis syriaca subsp. syriaca, a Local Endemic Plant of Crete with High Medicinal Value. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1891. [PMID: 38339166 PMCID: PMC10856587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, we applied DNA barcoding for the genetic characterization of Sideritis syriaca subsp. syriaca (Lamiaceae; threatened local Cretan endemic plant) using seven molecular markers of cpDNA. Five fertilization schemes were evaluated comparatively in a pilot cultivation in Crete. Conventional inorganic fertilizers (ChFs), integrated nutrient management (INM) fertilizers, and two biostimulants were utilized (foliar and soil application). Plant growth, leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, and color were assessed and leaf content of chlorophyll, key antioxidants (carotenoids, flavonoids, phenols), and nutrients were evaluated. Fertilization schemes induced distinct differences in leaf shape, altering quality characteristics. INM-foliar and ChF-soil application promoted yield, without affecting tissue water content or biomass partitioning to inflorescences. ChF-foliar application was the most stimulatory treatment when the primary target was enhanced antioxidant contents while INM-biostimulant was the least effective one. However, when the primary target is yield, INM, especially by foliar application, and ChF, by soil application, ought to be employed. New DNA sequence datasets for the plastid regions of petB/petD, rpoC1, psbK-psbI, and atpF/atpH were deposited in the GenBank for S. syriaca subsp. syriaca while the molecular markers rbcL, trnL/trnF, and psbA/trnH were compared to those of another 15 Sideritis species retrieved from the GenBank, constructing a phylogenetic tree to show their genetic relatedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Paschalidis
- Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece; (D.F.); (I.T.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Dimitrios Fanourakis
- Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece; (D.F.); (I.T.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Georgios Tsaniklidis
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization (ELGO-DIMITRA), Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, 73134 Chania, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Tsichlas
- Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece; (D.F.); (I.T.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Vasileios A. Tzanakakis
- Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece; (D.F.); (I.T.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Fotis Bilias
- Soil Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.B.); (I.I.); (T.M.)
| | - Eftihia Samara
- Soil Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.B.); (I.I.); (T.M.)
| | - Ioannis Ipsilantis
- Soil Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.B.); (I.I.); (T.M.)
| | - Katerina Grigoriadou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.G.); (I.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Ioulietta Samartza
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.G.); (I.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Theodora Matsi
- Soil Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.B.); (I.I.); (T.M.)
| | - Georgios Tsoktouridis
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.G.); (I.S.); (N.K.)
- Theofrastos Fertilizers, Industrial Area of Korinthos, Irinis & Filias, Ikismos Arion, Examilia, 20100 Korinthos, Greece
| | - Nikos Krigas
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.G.); (I.S.); (N.K.)
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Sun X, Tang Z, Song Z, Duan J, Wang C. Effects of different drying methods on the contents of active ingredients of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk and optimization of the drying process by response surface methodology. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:17-27. [PMID: 37501406 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk is one of the most widely used Chinese herbs worldwide. It has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and hence has a high clinical value. As the moisture level in S. divaricata is high after harvest, it requires drying. OBJECTIVE We aimed to find a scientific drying method and optimize the drying conditions of the best drying method of S. divaricata using response surface methodology (RSM). METHODOLOGY The effects of 4 different drying methods on the contents of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, 5-O-methylvisamminol, and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Chroma, the rehydration ratio, and active component content were used as indices, and slice thickness, drying temperature, and drying time were used as independent variables to optimize the drying conditions of the optimal drying method of S. divaricata using RSM combined with the Box-Behnken design. RESULTS The results showed that the optimal drying conditions were as follows: slice thickness, 4.00 mm; drying temperature, 60°C; and drying time, 15 h. CONCLUSION Under optimal drying conditions, the measured values were extremely close to the predicted values. The results of variance analysis showed that the model had a high degree of fit and the drying conditions of S. divaricata were optimized successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Sun
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine/Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry/Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhishu Tang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine/Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry/Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center, Xianyang, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongxing Song
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine/Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry/Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center, Xianyang, China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Changli Wang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
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Kwaśnica A, Pachura N, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA, Issa-Issa H, Szumny D, Figiel A, Masztalerz K, Klemens M, Szumny A. Effect of Drying Methods on Chemical and Sensory Properties of Cannabis sativa Leaves. Molecules 2023; 28:8089. [PMID: 38138578 PMCID: PMC10745367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemp is used as a source of fiber, oil and bioactive substances including volatile and cannabinoid-containing substances. This paper presents, for the first time, results on the evaluation of drying methods (convective, vacuum-microwave and combined convective pre-drying and vacuum-microwave finishing drying) of hemp leaves on the qualitative and quantitative changes in secondary metabolites, including essential oils, cannabinoids and sterols. A ranking and descriptive test of hemp leaves was also performed. Drying kinetics was presented using three models, including logarithmic, Midilli and modified Page. The SPME-Arrow technique was used to determine 41 volatile compounds, of which caryophyllene, β-myrcene and α-humulene were dominant in dried and fresh leaves. Regarding the essential oils obtained, 64 were identified, with caryophyllene, humulene epoxide II and limonene being the dominant ones. For preserving the highest amount of oils, the best method was the convective pre-drying followed by vacuum-microwave finishing drying (CD60-VMD) combined method, where the retention of volatile compounds was 36.08%, whereas the CD70 and 240-VMD methods resulted in the highest loss of 83%. The predominant cannabinoids in fresh hemp leaves were CBDA 6.05 and CBD 2.19 mg g-1. Drying caused no change in the cannabinoid profile of the plant material. β-Sitosterol, campesterol and lupeol were dominant in the phytosterol and triterpene fractions. No changes in either quality or quantity were observed in any of the variants found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Kwaśnica
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland (A.S.)
| | - Natalia Pachura
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland (A.S.)
| | | | - Hanán Issa-Issa
- Departamento Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Carretera de Beniel, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Dorota Szumny
- Department of Pharmacology, Wrocław Medical University, ul. Jana Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adam Figiel
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskego 37a, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Klaudia Masztalerz
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskego 37a, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Klemens
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland (A.S.)
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland (A.S.)
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Apicella M, Amato G, de Bartolomeis P, Barba AA, De Feo V. Natural Food Resource Valorization by Microwave Technology: Purslane Stabilization by Dielectric Heating. Foods 2023; 12:4247. [PMID: 38231676 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of microwave-assisted drying is a promising technique due to the features of process sustainability that are usable for responsible productions. It is largely applied for the stabilization of food products, especially in the agro-food sector. In this study, the weed Portulaca oleracea L. (purslane), with its richness in antioxidant components in addition to its recognized pharmacological properties, has been considered due to its potential to be a natural, well-accepted future food. Attention was focused on the role of the heat and mass transfer rates involved in the drying processes on the nutritional profile of the dried products. For this purpose, different drying protocols (convective, microwave irradiation, microwave-vacuum irradiation) were applied to different parts of purslane herb (apical, twigs, entire structures) and chemical characterizations were performed by a GC/MS analysis of the extracts of the dried products. The results show that microwave treatments can assure a better preservation of fatty acids such as SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs (which constitute over 90% of the total components in the apical part, 65% in twigs, and 85% in microwave-vacuum-dried entire purslane samples) and phytosterols (their highest preservation was found in microwave-dried twigs) compared with convective treatments. The chemical composition variability as well as treatment times depend on the drying rates (in microwave treatments, the times are on a minute scale and the rates are up to three orders of magnitude greater than convective ones), which in turn depend on the heating transport phenomena. This variability can lead towards products that are diversified by properties that transform a weed into a valorized food source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Apicella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Amato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | | | - Anna Angela Barba
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- EST Srl, University Spin-Off, Via Circumvallazione n.39, 83100 Avellino, Italy
- Eng4Life Srl, Via Circumvallazione n.39, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Setareh R, Mohammadi-Ghermezgoli K, Ghaffari-Setoubadi H, Alizadeh-Salteh S. The effectiveness of hot-air, infrared and hybrid drying techniques for lemongrass: appearance acceptability, essential oil yield, and volatile compound preservation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18820. [PMID: 37914737 PMCID: PMC10620145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44934-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lemongrass is a fragrant herb with lengthy, thin leaves that contains myrcene (an aromatic compound) as well as citral and geraniol (antimicrobial compounds). Therefore, identifying an appropriate drying method for this plant is crucial for maintaining aromatic and antimicrobial compounds and enhancing the shelf life of the product. This investigation seeks to assess the influence of various drying tactics involving hot air at temperatures of 40, 50, and 60 °C, infrared radiation at intensities of 0.5, 0.6, and 0.8 [Formula: see text], sequential hot-air/infrared, as well as simultaneous hot air-infrared, on the drying mechanism, color, appearance, yield, and essential oil constituents of lemongrass leaves, with the objective of enhancing the marketability of the product. The essential oils of lemongrass were extracted through the process of hydro-distillation, and subsequently, the volatile compounds present were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The findings indicated: (a) The most appropriate technique for preserving optimal color quality of lemongrass leaves was through the application of hot air drying solely at a temperature of 60 °C; (b) To optimize the retention and amplification of the essential oil content in lemongrass, our study recommends the employment of a simultaneous hybrid drying technique involving hot air drying at a temperature of 50 °C in conjunction with infrared drying set at a radiation intensity level of 0.6 [Formula: see text]; and (c) The data analysis demonstrated that in order to achieve elevated levels of volatile compounds, specifically neral and geranial, infrared drying with a radiation intensity of 0.6 and 0.8 [Formula: see text], respectively, was found to be optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Setareh
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Saeideh Alizadeh-Salteh
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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11
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Fallah Imani A, Gomarian M, Ghorbanpour M, Ramak P, Chavoshi S. Foliar-applied nano-cerium dioxide differentially affect morpho-physiological traits and essential oil profile of Salvia mirzayanii Rech. f. & Esfand under drought stress and post-stress recovery conditions. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108046. [PMID: 37757721 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is known to diminish the growth and yield of plants by altering the physiological, biochemical and molecular processes, thus threatening food security worldwide. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as an effective strategy to raise plant productivity under current rapid environmental challenges. However, there is little literature on mechanisms underlying the beneficial role of re-watering in drought-stressed plants treated with NPs. In this study, the effects of cerium dioxide nanoparticles [(CeO2 NPs), 0 (control), 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mL L-1] were investigated on morpho-physiological and phytochemical traits of Salvia mirzayanii plants under different drought stress intensities [(25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (control) of field capacity (FC) moisture] and post-stress re-watering (recovery) in a three-way factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design. Uptake and accumulation of CeO2 NPs in the leaf tissue of plant samples were confirmed using SEM and EDX techniques. The results of ANOVA demonstrated that growth and physio-phytochemical traits were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by individual treatment and/or their double and triple interactions. Exposure to various levels of CeO2 NPs during drought stress mitigated the adverse effects of stress on growth parameters (e.g., plant height, shoot and root dry weights, and root length) and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b) content compared to the respective controls in varying degrees. However, proline and essential oil content were increased in drought-stressed plants, and tended to decrease during the period of recovery. Before re-watering, the antioxidant enzymes, CAT, POD, and SOD, activity in leaf tissues was increased with the increase of drought stress intensity upon both treated and non-treated CeO2 NPs conditions. However, the three-way interaction results demonstrated that recovery after drought stress following CeO2 NPs application particularly 1000 mL L-1 decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes compared to the controls. Based on GC and GC-MS analysis, all essential oil samples predominantly composed of oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes including Decane, Spathulenol, Octane, α-Terpinyl acetate, Hexyl isovalerate, Dodecane, Butanoic acid, Linalool, δ-Cadinene, Muurolol, α-Cadinol, Eudesm-7(11)-en-4-ol, which significantly (p < 0.05) changed under different experimental treatments. The recovery after stress, however, increased only the content of δ-Cadinene in plants from severe drought stress upon foliar application of 1000 mL L-1 CeO2 NPs compared to the non-recovery period. Conclusively, integrative use of CeO2 NPs and re-watering after drought stress could be an encouraging and eco-friendly strategy to improve both drought tolerance, growth and pyhtochemical contents in S. mirzayanii plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshar Fallah Imani
- Department of Horticulture Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
| | - Masoud Gomarian
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
| | - Mansour Ghorbanpour
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran; Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran.
| | - Parvin Ramak
- Research Division of Natural Resources, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, AREEO, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Saeid Chavoshi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
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12
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Otify AM, ElBanna SA, Eltanany BM, Pont L, Benavente F, Ibrahim RM. A comprehensive analytical framework integrating liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics with chemometrics for metabolite profiling of lettuce varieties and discovery of antibacterial agents. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113178. [PMID: 37689928 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
This study comprehensively characterized the metabolite profiles of six lettuce varieties and established the correlation between the elucidated profiles and their antivirulence effects. A total of 195 metabolites were annotated using LC-QTOF-MS/MS metabolomics assisted by molecular networking and integrated with chemometrics. Red varieties (red longifolia and lolla rosa) demonstrated higher chlorogenic and chicoric acids suggesting their antioxidant properties. In parallel, amino acids and disaccharides were enriched in romaine longifolia rationalizing its palatable taste and nutritional potential, while crispa, capitata, and lolla bionda presented a high β-carboline alkaloid content. The antibacterial and antihemolytic potential of all varieties against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was assessed and validated by prominent downregulation of α-hemolysin transcriptional levels in both strains. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed sesquiterpenes, β-carboline alkaloids, amino acids, and oxy-fatty acids as the main bioactives. Results emphasize lettuce significance as a functional food and nutraceutical source, and highlight varieties naturally rich in antibacterial agents to adapt breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Otify
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Shahira A ElBanna
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Basma M Eltanany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Laura Pont
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA·UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Serra Húnter Program, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona 08007, Spain
| | - Fernando Benavente
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA·UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
| | - Rana M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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13
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Siddiqui SA, Azmy Harahap I, Suthar P, Wu YS, Ghosh N, Castro-Muñoz R. A Comprehensive Review of Phytonutrients as a Dietary Therapy for Obesity. Foods 2023; 12:3610. [PMID: 37835263 PMCID: PMC10572887 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex medical condition mainly caused by eating habits, genetics, lifestyle, and medicine. The present study deals with traditional diets like the Mediterranean diet, Nordic diet, African Heritage diet, Asian diet, and DASH, as these are considered to be sustainable diets for curing obesity. However, the bioavailability of phytonutrients consumed in the diet may vary, depending on several factors such as digestion and absorption of phytonutrients, interaction with other substances, cooking processes, and individual differences. Hence, several phytochemicals, like polyphenols, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, etc., have been investigated to assess their efficiencies and safety in the prevention and treatment of obesity. These phytochemicals have anti-obesity effects, mediated via modulation of many pathways, such as decreased lipogenesis, lipid absorption, accelerated lipolysis, energy intake, expenditure, and preadipocyte differentiation and proliferation. Owing to these anti-obesity effects, new food formulations incorporating these phytonutrients were introduced that can be beneficial in reducing the prevalence of obesity and promoting public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Essigberg 3, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-von-Klitzing Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | | | - Priyanka Suthar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan 173230, Himachal Pradesh, India;
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Nibedita Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, Girijananda Chowdhury University, Guwahati 781017, Assam, India;
| | - Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Toluca, Av. Eduardo Monroy Cárdenas 2000, San Antonio Buenavista, Toluca de Lerdo 50110, Mexico
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
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14
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Khater ESG, Bahnasawy AH, Abbas W, Morsy OM. Effect of loading rate and source of energy on the drying parameters of the basil during drying. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14796. [PMID: 37684304 PMCID: PMC10491780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The basil leaves were dried different sources of energy at different loading rates. Using hybrid solar drying compared to the conventional source of energy such as fossil and propane. Drying parameters were studied. Also, product quality was assessed under study treatments. The results indicated that the higher accumulated weight loss of basil leaves (75.56%) were obtained at 25 kg m-2 loading rate and solar drying system. The highest rate of the decrease in moisture content of basil leaves was happened at the 45 kg m-2 loading rates. Meanwhile, the lowest rate of the decrease in moisture content of basil leaves was found at 15 kg m-2 loading rates. The highest drying rate of basil leaves (219.54 gwater kg-1 h-1) was obtained at the loading rate of 15 kg m-2. The highest values of total chlorophyll and color of basil leaves 745.9 and 36.35 were found for solar dryer. The lowest values of total chlorophyll and color of basil leaves 703.5 and 31.66 were found for diesel dryer. The drying efficiency ranged from 33.98 to 40.33% for all batch loads. The highest essential oil yield obtained for solar dryer, the lowest essential oil yield occurred for diesel dryer. The highest value of volatile compounds with found for solar dryer. The total costs for basil drying were 19.73, 26.70 and 23.93 LE h-1 for solar, diesel and propane dryers, respectively. Also, the total costs of basil drying were 8.77, 13.15 and 12.27 LE kg-1 dried for solar, diesel and propane dryers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed G Khater
- Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, P.O. Box 13736, Toukh, Kalubia, Egypt.
| | - Adel H Bahnasawy
- Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, P.O. Box 13736, Toukh, Kalubia, Egypt
| | - Wael Abbas
- Basic and Applied Science Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT), P.O. Box 2033, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama M Morsy
- Basic and Applied Science Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT), P.O. Box 2033, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Mahmood N, Muhoza B, Huang Y, Munir Z, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Li Y. Effects of emerging food pretreatment and drying techniques on protein structures, functional and nutritional properties: An updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37377348 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2212302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Protein is one of the most important components of food which significantly contributes to the structure, functionality, and sensory properties which may affect consumer acceptability of processed products. Conventional thermal processing affects protein structure and induce undesirable degradation of food quality. This review provides an overview of emerging pretreatment and drying technologies (plasma treatment, ultrasound treatment, electrohydrodynamic, radio frequency, microwave, and superheated steam drying) in food processing by assessing protein structural changes to enhance functional and nutritional properties. In addition, mechanisms and principles of these modern technologies are described while challenges and opportunities for the development of these techniques in the drying process are also critically analyzed. Plasma discharges can lead to oxidative reactions and cross-linking of proteins that can change the structure of proteins. Microwave heating contributes to the occurrence of isopeptide or disulfide bonds which promotes α-helix and β-turn formation. These emerging technologies can be adopted to improve protein surface by exposing more hydrophobic groups which restrict water interaction. It is expected that these innovative processing technologies should become a preferred choice in the food industry for better food quality. Moreover, there are some limitations for industrial scale application of these emerging technologies that need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Mahmood
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Bertrand Muhoza
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuyang Huang
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Zeeshan Munir
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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16
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Chemistry behind quality - The usability of herbs and spices essential oils analysis in light of sensory studies. Food Chem 2023; 411:135537. [PMID: 36701917 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The common protocols for the quality determination of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs), including herbs and spices (HSs), are the yield and composition of essential oils (EOs). Meanwhile, studies on the sensory quality of HSs showed that EOs composition does not translate to the profile of volatiles emitted from plants; therefore, they do not provide a background for sensory quality assessment. Thus, in this study, the differences in the composition of the EOs and the patterns of emission of unlimited (pure EOs) or limited (presence of a plant matrix) volatiles by headspace were measured for three chemotypes of mint, namely menthol, carvone, and linalool ones. The results have demonstrated that the presence of a plant matrix may change the contribution of main volatiles even up to 47 percentage points, what allows suggesting that EOs chemical analysis is not a reliable method for the determination of sensory quality of HSs.
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17
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Kraouia M, Nartea A, Maoloni A, Osimani A, Garofalo C, Fanesi B, Ismaiel L, Aquilanti L, Pacetti D. Sea Fennel ( Crithmum maritimum L.) as an Emerging Crop for the Manufacturing of Innovative Foods and Nutraceuticals. Molecules 2023; 28:4741. [PMID: 37375298 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) is a perennial, strongly aromatic herb that has been used since ancient times in cuisine and folk medicine due to its renowned properties. Recently described as a "cash" crop, sea fennel is an ideal candidate for the promotion of halophyte agriculture in the Mediterranean basin due to its acknowledged adaptation to the Mediterranean climate, its resilience to risks/shocks related to climate changes, and its exploitability in food and non-food applications, which generates an alternative source of employment in rural areas. The present review provides insight into the nutritional and functional traits of this new crop as well as its exploitation in innovative food and nutraceutical applications. Various previous studies have fully demonstrated the high biological and nutritional potential of sea fennel, highlighting its high content of bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, carotenoids, ω-3 and ω-6 essential fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, and essential oils. Moreover, in previous studies, this aromatic halophyte showed good potential for application in the manufacturing of high-value foods, including both fermented and unfermented preserves, sauces, powders, and spices, herbal infusions and decoctions, and even edible films, as well as nutraceuticals. Further research efforts are needed to fully disclose the potential of this halophyte in view of its full exploitation by the food and nutraceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryem Kraouia
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ancuta Nartea
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonietta Maoloni
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Osimani
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristiana Garofalo
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Benedetta Fanesi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Lama Ismaiel
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Lucia Aquilanti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Deborah Pacetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), 60131 Ancona, Italy
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18
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Łyczko J, Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz A, Issa-Issa H, Skrzyński M, Galek R, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA, Szumny A. Chemistry behind Quality-Emission of Volatile Enantiomers from Mentha spp. Plant Tissue in Relationship to Odor Sensory Quality. Foods 2023; 12:foods12102057. [PMID: 37238875 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality of food, considering increasing consumer demands and competition among producers, is a highly important issue. Quality concerns are also applicable to the odor quality of herbs and spices (HSs). Meanwhile, HSs commonly are graded based on their essential oils (EOs) content and analysis; but does the instrumental analysis really provide general information about the HSs sensory quality? Three chemotypes of Mentha spp. were used in the present study. From samples diversified by convective drying at different temperatures, EOs were hydrodistillated and analyzed by enantioselective GC-MS; moreover, the source plant material's volatile profile was analyzed by the HS-SPME technique. The instrumental analysis was confronted with the results of the sensory panel. Changes in enantiomeric composition were observed during the drying process, although no clear correlations or trends could be found for individual chiral components. Furthermore, even with significant differences in particular volatiles' contribution to plants' EOs and their volatile profiles, judges were not able to match the sample EOs and plant samples with sufficient effectiveness (~40%). Based on those results, we suggest that volatile enantiomeric distribution does not have an actual influence on odor quality and that the sensory analysis should not be replaced with instrumental analysis, which cannot predict general sensory quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Łyczko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz
- Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodity Science, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Garden of Cosmetic Plants and Raw Materials, Research and Science Innovation Center, 20-819 Lublin, Poland
| | - Hanán Issa-Issa
- Research Group 'Food Quality and Safety', Department of Agro-Food Technology, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Mariusz Skrzyński
- Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Renata Galek
- Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ángel A Carbonell-Barrachina
- Research Group 'Food Quality and Safety', Department of Agro-Food Technology, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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19
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Tripathy S, Srivastav PP. Effect of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) cold plasma-activated water pre-treatment on the drying properties, kinetic parameters, and physicochemical and functional properties of Centella asiatica leaves. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 332:138901. [PMID: 37169095 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Centella asiatica L. (CA) is a medicinal plant that gained significant commercial and research interest because of its bioactive compounds, which have functional properties such as antioxidant activity. However, it must be dried before use to improve its shelf life and prepare it for food and pharmaceutical applications. Therefore, in this investigation CA leaves were pre-treated with blanching and cold plasma activated water (CPAW), followed by recirculatory hot air and vacuum drying at 40, 50, and 60 °C. Vacuum-drying took 150-720 min, while hot-air drying took 60-180 min to dry. Page and Logarithmic models best fit for leaf drying kinetics, according to AIC, with R2 between 0.966 and 0.999 and RMSE between 0.001 and 0.069. CPAW pre-treatment increased leaf quality more than blanching in vacuum drying. Drying leaves at 40 °C boosted antioxidants (4021.462 μg TE (g dw)-1 and 3.356 mg GAEAC (g dw)-1), TPC (35.049 mg GAE (g dw)-1), and TFC (311.274 mg QE (g dw)-1) and is recommended. Vacuum-drying with CPAW pre-treatment preserved leaf microstructure better than hot-air drying. This study illuminates CA leaf drying behaviour and allow mass production without damaging bioactive components. These results could be used as a roadmap for future technological advances that will make it possible to use the bioactive components of CA in food formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soubhagya Tripathy
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Prem Prakash Srivastav
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
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20
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Medalcho TH, Abegaz K, Dessalegn E, Mate J. Aflatoxin B1 Detoxification Potentials of Garlic, Ginger, Cardamom, Black Cumin, and Sautéing in Ground Spice Mix Red Pepper Products. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:307. [PMID: 37235342 PMCID: PMC10220635 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15050307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The uses of natural plant origin bioactive compounds are emerging as a promising strategy to detoxify aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). This study aimed to explore the potential of cooking, phytochemicals content, and antioxidant activities derived from garlic, ginger, cardamom, and black cumin to detoxify AFB1 on spice mix red pepper powder (berbere) and sauté. The effectiveness of the samples was analyzed for AFB1 detoxification potential through standard methods for the examination of food and food additives. These major spices showed an AFB1 level below the detection limit. After cooking in hot water for 7 min at 85 ℃, the experimental and commercial spice mix red pepper showed the maximum AFB1 detoxification (62.13% and 65.95%, respectively). Thus, mixing major spices to produce a spice mix red pepper powder had a positive effect on AFB1 detoxification in raw and cooked spice mix red pepper samples. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power, and ferrous ion chelating activity revealed good positive correlation with AFB1 detoxification at p < 0.05. The findings of this study could contribute to mitigation plans of AFB1 in spice-processing enterprises. Further study is required on the mechanism of AFB1 detoxification and safety of the detoxified products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadewos Hadero Medalcho
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, Hawassa P.O. Box 05, Ethiopia
| | - Kebede Abegaz
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, Hawassa P.O. Box 05, Ethiopia
| | | | - Juan Mate
- Public University of Navarra (UPNA), 31006 Navarra, Spain
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21
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Akçura S, Çakmakçi R, Ürüşan Z. Changes in the essential oil content and composition of pelargonium graveolens l’hér with different drying methods. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2023. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0226221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of various drying methods (fresh plant, shade-drying, sun-drying, and oven-drying at 30 and 60 °C) on the essential oil (EO) composition of rose-scented geranium were determined. Essential oil samples were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS systems. The highest EO contents were obtained in the fresh plant (1.98%), followed by shade-drying (1.34 %) and oven-drying at 30 °C (1.20 %). The main components were citronellol (23.99-39.87%), geraniol (4.15-17.09%), menthone (4.48-8.34%), linalool (1.96-7.42%), β-caryophyllene (2.63-4.32%), geranyl tiglate (0.99-4.52%), citronellyl butyrate (0.53-5.31%) and cis-rose oxide (0.71-3.15%). The drying methods showed a marked impact on the constituents of the EO samples. The results demonstrated that drying the aerial parts of fresh geranium, and shade-drying and oven-drying at 30 °C were the best optimal methods to obtain the highest oil yield, and citronellol, geraniol, and linalool contents in the oil.
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22
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Kaur R, Kumar A, Kumar V, Kumar S, Kumar Saini R, Nayi P, Gehlot R. Recent advancements and applications of explosion puffing. Food Chem 2023; 403:134452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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23
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Feng Z, Zheng X, Ying Z, Feng Y, Wang B, Dou B. Drying of Chinese medicine residues (CMR) by hot air for potential utilization as renewable fuels: drying behaviors, effective moisture diffusivity, and pollutant emissions. BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY 2023:1-18. [PMID: 36627933 PMCID: PMC9815893 DOI: 10.1007/s13399-022-03722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High moisture in Chinese medicine residues (CMR) can decrease the energy efficiency of thermochemical conversion, which necessitates the pre-drying. Owing to the complex constituents and decoction, CMR may possess distinct drying characteristics. It is necessary to understand its drying behaviors, effective moisture diffusivity, and pollutant emissions for future design and optimization of an industrial-level dryer. In this study, the drying of four types of typical CMR in hot nitrogen was performed. Their condensate and exhaust gas were collected and characterized. The results indicated that their drying process was dominated by internal moisture transport mechanism with a long falling rate stage. Drying temperature influenced their drying process more greatly than N2 velocity did. Residual sum of squares, root mean square error, and coefficient of determination indicated that Weibull model demonstrated their drying process best. Their effective moisture diffusivity was in the range of 1.224 × 10-8 to 4.868 × 10-8 m2/s, while their drying activation energy ranged from 16.93 to 30.39 kJ/mol. The acidic condensate had high chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen concentration and yet low total phosphorus concentration. The concentration of total volatile organic compounds, non-methane hydrocarbons, H2S, and NH3 in the exhaust gas met the national emission limitation, while the deodorization of exhaust gas was required to remove odor smell. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13399-022-03722-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Feng
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093 China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zheng
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093 China
| | - Zhi Ying
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093 China
| | - Yuheng Feng
- Thermal and Environment Engineering Institute, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093 China
| | - Binlin Dou
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093 China
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CHEN BW, PAN HF, ZHAO W, HE JL, ZHAO F, PANG XL, ZHANG Q. Effects of pre-processing on the active compounds before drying Eucommia ulmoides leaves. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.95722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wen CHEN
- Northwest A&F University, China; Key Laboratory of Economical Plant Resource Utilization, China
| | - Hong Fang PAN
- Northwest A&F University, China; Key Laboratory of Economical Plant Resource Utilization, China
| | - Wei ZHAO
- Northwest A&F University, China; Key Laboratory of Economical Plant Resource Utilization, China
| | | | | | | | - Qiang ZHANG
- Northwest A&F University, China; Key Laboratory of Economical Plant Resource Utilization, China
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Zaytseva Y, Petruk A, Novikova T. Thidiazuron and LED Lighting Enhance Taxifolin and Rutin Production in Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz. Microshoot Culture. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2023; 42:2933-2942. [PMID: 35975274 PMCID: PMC9374291 DOI: 10.1007/s00344-022-10757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz., distributed throughout the northern region of East Asia has been considered to be an alternative natural source of taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) and rutin. The present study was conducted based on a biotechnological approach to develop an environment friendly and efficient system to produce taxifolin and rutin in R. mucronulatum microshoots, using different thidiazuron (TDZ) treatments (0.1; 0.5; 2.5 µM) in combination with various types of lighting including fluorescent (FL) and light-emitting diode (LED) (R/B- 80% red + 20% blue; 5LED-20% red + 20% blue + 20% green + 20% yellow + 20% white). The highest number of shoots per explant was obtained under 0.5 µM TDZ combined with 5LED in comparison with FL lighting. Among shoot clusters obtained under different lighting types and TDZ concentrations, a considerable increase in fresh and dry weight was observed in ones cultivated on medium, supplemented with 2.5 µM TDZ under FL and 0.5 µM TDZ at R/B or 5LED. The content of total chlorophylls in R. mucronulatum microshoots increased on TDZ-free medium under FL lighting, whereas, the TDZ treatment decreased chlorophylls concentration at FL and 5LED. The use of 0.1 µM TDZ at 5LED decreased the ratio of chlorophylls a + b to carotenoids and led to the highest accumulation of taxifolin and rutin, quercetin, hyperoside, and avicularin. Thus, it has been demonstrated that the application of combined action of LED and TDZ has great potential in terms of propagation efficiency, biomass accumulation, and taxifolin and rutin production in R. mucronulatum microshoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulianna Zaytseva
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, st. Zolotodolinskaya, 101, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia Petruk
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, st. Zolotodolinskaya, 101, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana Novikova
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, st. Zolotodolinskaya, 101, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russian Federation
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26
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Chaves RPF, de Araújo AL, Lopes AS, Pena RDS. Convective Drying of Purple Basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.) Leaves and Stability of Chlorophyll and Phenolic Compounds during the Process. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:127. [PMID: 36616256 PMCID: PMC9824209 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of convective drying on the degradation of color and phenolic compounds of purple basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves, and the hygroscopic behavior of dried leaves. The fresh leaves underwent drying at 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C. Degradation of chlorophyll, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds were evaluated during drying and the hygroscopicity was evaluated through the moisture sorption isotherms. The drying mathematical modeling and the moisture sorption data were performed. The effective diffusivity for the drying increased from 4.93 × 10−10 m2/s at 40 °C to 18.96 × 10−10 m2/s at 70 °C, and the activation energy value (39.30 kJ/mol) showed that the leaves present temperature sensibility. The leaves dried at 40 °C had less degradation of phenolic compounds and color variation, but the drying process was too slow for practical purposes. Modified Page, Diffusion Approximation, and Verna models had excellent accuracy in drying kinetics. The isotherms showed that, in environments with relative humidity above 50%, the purple basil leaves are more susceptible to water gain, and at 8.83 g H2O/100 g db moisture, it guarantees the microbiological stability of the dried leaves. The Oswin model was the most suitable for estimating the moisture sorption isotherms of the dried leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosane Patricia Ferreira Chaves
- Graduated Program in Food Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Adriano Lucena de Araújo
- Graduated Program in Food Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Santos Lopes
- Graduated Program in Food Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Rosinelson da Silva Pena
- Graduated Program in Food Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
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Chupawa P, Suksamran W, Jaisut D, Ronsse F, Duangkhamchan W. Combined Heat and Mass Transfer Associated with Kinetics Models for Analyzing Convective Stepwise Drying of Carrot Cubes. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244045. [PMID: 36553787 PMCID: PMC9778106 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stepwise drying is an effective technique that promotes energy saving without additional capital cost. The stepwise drying mode was investigated for energy consumption and dried product qualities using a coupled heat and mass transfer model associated with kinetics equations of volume shrinkage and degradation of β-carotene in carrot cubes. Simulations were performed using a finite element method with extension of a chemical species transport. Validation experiments were carried out under constant drying modes at 60 °C, 70 °C and 80 °C using a lab-scale convective hot air dryer. The verified models were subsequently employed to investigate the effects of two step-up drying modes (60 to 70 °C and 60 to -80 °C). The optimal drying condition was determined using the synthetic evaluation index (SI) with criteria of high specific moisture evaporation rate (SMER), low shrinkage ratio and β-carotene degradation. Simulated results showed comparable agreement with experimental data of moisture content, shrinkage ratio and β-carotene ratio. Step-up drying of 60 to 70 °C gave the highest SMER of 0.50 × 10-3 kg of water evaporated per kWh, while the operation at constant temperature of 80 °C gave the lowest value of 0.19 × 10-3 kg of water evaporated per kWh. Model-predicted results showed less shrinkage of carrot cubes, but higher degradation of β-carotene under step-up drying compared to single-stage drying under temperature of 60 °C. Based on the highest SI value (0.36), carrot cubes were optimally dried under step-up mode of 60 to 70 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarin Chupawa
- Research Unit of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakham University, Kamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
- Research Unit of Smart Process Design and Automation, Mahasarakham University, Kamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Wanwisa Suksamran
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Kamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Donludee Jaisut
- Department of Farm Mechanics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Lard Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Frederik Ronsse
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wasan Duangkhamchan
- Research Unit of Smart Process Design and Automation, Mahasarakham University, Kamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
- Research Unit of Process Design and Automation, Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakham University, Kamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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28
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Authenticity analysis of oregano: development, validation and fitness for use of several food fingerprinting techniques. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111962. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Jayashree E, John Zachariah T. Modeling for thin layer drying of black pepper (
Piper nigrum
) in a reverse air flow dryer. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ettannil Jayashree
- Division of Crop production and Post Harvest Technology ICAR‐Indian Institute of Spices Research Marikunnu, Kozhikode India
| | - Thondiath John Zachariah
- Division of Crop production and Post Harvest Technology ICAR‐Indian Institute of Spices Research Marikunnu, Kozhikode India
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30
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Hazarika U, Kovács Z, Bodor Z, Gosztola B. Phytochemicals and organoleptic properties of French tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) influenced by different preservation methods. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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31
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Successive Two-Stage Hot Air-Drying with Humidity Control Combined Radio Frequency Drying Improving Drying Efficiency and Nutritional Quality of Amomi fructus. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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32
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Saifullah MD, McCullum R, Vuong QV. Phytochemicals and Bioactivities of Australian Native Lemon Myrtle ( Backhousia citriodora) and Lemon-Scented Tea Tree ( Leptospermum petersonii): A Comprehensive Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2130353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MD Saifullah
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, Australia
- Department of Agro Product Processing Technology, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Rebecca McCullum
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, Australia
| | - Quan Van Vuong
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, Australia
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Petibon F, Wiesenberg GLB. Characterization of complex photosynthetic pigment profiles in European deciduous tree leaves by sequential extraction and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:957606. [PMID: 36311078 PMCID: PMC9605812 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.957606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Leaf pigments, including chlorophylls and carotenoids, are important biochemical indicators of plant photosynthesis and photoprotection. In this study, we developed, optimized, and validated a sequential extraction and liquid chromatography-diode array detection method allowing for the simultaneous quantification of the main photosynthetic pigments, including chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, β-carotene, lutein, neoxanthin, and the xanthophyll cycle (VAZ), as well as the characterization of plant pigment derivatives. Chromatographic separation was accomplished with the newest generation of core-shell columns revealing numerous pigment derivatives. The sequential extraction allowed for a better recovery of the main pigments (+25 % chlorophyll a, +30 % chlorophyll b, +42 % β-carotene, and 61% xanthophylls), and the characterization of ca. 5.3 times more pigment derivatives (i.e., up to 62 chlorophyll and carotenoid derivatives including isomers) than with a single-step extraction. A broad working range of concentrations (300-2,000 ng.mL-1) was achieved for most pigments and their derivatives and the limit of detection was as low as a few nanograms per milliliter. The method also showed adequate trueness (RSD < 1%) and intermediate precision (RSD < 5%). The method was developed and validated with spinach leaves and their extracts. The method was successfully performed on leaf pigment extracts of European deciduous tree species. Within a case study using Fagus sylvatica L. leaves, pigment derivatives revealed a high within-individual tree variability throughout the growing season that could not be detected using the main photosynthetic pigments alone, eventually showing that the method allowed for the monitoring of pigment dynamics at unprecedented detail.
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34
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Liang J, Shalaby N, Rigling M, Wagner T, Heimbach J, Fries A, Kohlus R, Zhang Y. Characterization of Hay-like Off-Odor in Basil Samples after Various Processing and Strategies for Reducing the Off-Odor. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112080. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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The Effects of Drying Techniques on Phytochemical Contents and Biological Activities on Selected Bamboo Leaves. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196458. [PMID: 36234995 PMCID: PMC9571890 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of bamboos has acquired global attention. Nonetheless, the biological activities of the plants are rarely considered due to limited available references in Sabah, Malaysia. Furthermore, the drying technique could significantly affect the retention and degradation of nutrients in bamboos. Consequently, the current study investigated five drying methods, namely, sun, shade, microwave, oven, and freeze-drying, of the leaves of six bamboo species, Bambusa multiplex, Bambusa tuldoides, Bambusa vulgaris, Dinochloa sublaevigata, Gigantochloa levis, and Schizostachyum brachycladum. The infused bamboo leaves extracts were analysed for their total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The antioxidant activities of the samples were determined via the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, whereas their toxicities were evaluated through the brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA). The chemical constituents of the samples were determined using liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The freeze-drying method exhibited the highest phytochemical contents and antioxidant activity yield, excluding the B. vulgaris sample, in which the microwave-dried sample recorded the most antioxidant and phytochemical levels. The TPC and TFC results were within the 2.69 ± 0.01−12.59 ± 0.09 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 0.77 ± 0.01−2.12 ± 0.01 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g ranges, respectively. The DPPH and ABTS IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) were 2.92 ± 0.01−4.73 ± 0.02 and 1.89−0.01 to 3.47 ± 0.00 µg/mL, respectively, indicating high radical scavenging activities. The FRAP values differed significantly between the drying methods, within the 6.40 ± 0.12−36.65 ± 0.09 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g range. The phytochemical contents and antioxidant capacities exhibited a moderate correlation, revealing that the TPC and TFC were slightly responsible for the antioxidant activities. The toxicity assessment of the bamboo extracts in the current study demonstrated no toxicity against the BSLA based on the LC50 (lethal concentration 50) analysis at >1000 µg/mL. LC-MS analysis showed that alkaloid and pharmaceutical compounds influence antioxidant activities, as found in previous studies. The acquired information might aid in the development of bamboo leaves as functional food items, such as bamboo tea. They could also be investigated for their medicinal ingredients that can be used in the discovery of potential drugs.
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36
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Gavrilova A, Gavrilov G. Assessment of morphological pharmacognostic characteristics of the content and label information of dried herbs marketed as food supplements in Bulgaria. PHARMACIA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.69.e87549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the current food legislation in Bulgaria the dried herbs are classified under the large group of food supplements and their trade is allowed in pharmacies, drugstores and grocery stores. The aim of this study is to assess the morphological pharmacognostic characteristics of the content and the additional information on the labels of food supplements containing dried herbs in Bulgaria, in the light of key standard and regulatory documents related to the quality of herbal substances and food supplements. 91 herbal substances of 10 main groups were studied, which included 103 commercial products from 8 companies. The authenticity of the herbal substances was confirmed with macro-and microscopic tests. The macroscopic morphological indicators which were used as elements of trade-commodity analysis were changes in color, presence of other parts of the same or different plants, organic and mineral impurities, evidences of diseases and pest infestations. The phenological phase in which the herbal substances had been collected was determined also. We found that very small part of the studied products meet the standards for all of the selected criteria according to the considered documents which implies the need of strengthening control.
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Integrating Anti-Influenza Virus Activity and Chemical Pattern Recognition to Explore the Quality Evaluation Method of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185789. [PMID: 36144525 PMCID: PMC9502701 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lonicerae japonicae flos (LJF, Lonicera japonica Thunb.) is adopted as a core herb for preventing and treating influenza. However, the anti-influenza virus components of LJF and the impact of quality-affecting factors on the anti-influenza activity of LJF have not been systematically investigated. In this study, a strategy integrating anti-influenza virus activity, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint and chemical pattern recognition was proposed for the efficacy and quality evaluation of LJF. As a result, six bioactive compounds were screened out and identified as neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, 4,5-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, sweroside and secoxyloganin. Based on the bioactive compounds, chemical pattern recognition models of LJF were established by a linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The results of the LDA models and anti-influenza virus activity demonstrated that cultivation pattern significantly affected the anti-influenza effect of LJF and that the neuraminidase inhibition rate of wild LJF was significantly higher than that of cultivated LJF. Moreover, the quality of LJF samples with different processing methods and geographical origins showed no obvious difference. Overall, the proposed strategy in the current study revealed the anti-influenza virus components of LJF and provided a feasible method for thequality evaluation of LJF, which has great importance for assuring the clinical effect against influenza of LJF.
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38
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Wu CY, Guo YY, Zhou J, Long F, Zhang W, Shen H, Xu JD, Zhou SS, Li SL. Holistic quality evaluation of Hibisci Mutabilis Folium by integrating UPLC–QTOF–MS/MS chemical profiling and UPLC–TQ–MS/MS quantification approaches. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 218:114869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Petikirige J, Karim A, Millar G. Effect of drying techniques on quality and sensory properties of tropical fruits. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.16043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Azharul Karim
- Faculty of Engineering Queensland University of Technology Australia
| | - Graeme Millar
- Faculty of Engineering Queensland University of Technology Australia
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40
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Chemical Composition, Physical Properties, and Aroma Profile of Ethanol Macerates of Mistletoe (Viscum album). BEVERAGES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages8030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Maceration parameters such as alcohol and mistletoe content were studied to obtain high-quality macerates to produce biska, a traditional Istrian herbal spirit. An ethanol–water solution containing 25, 40, 55, and 70 v/v% ethanol and 20, 40, and 80 g/L mistletoe was macerated and pH, total acids, extract content, and color parameters were measured. Volatile compounds were determined by GC/MS. More than 150 different volatile compounds were detected. The composition of the ethanol–water solution and mistletoe content affects the values of total extract, total acids, and color. Samples with lower alcohol content have a higher number of different acids, aldehydes, alcohols, esters, and ketones, while macerates with higher alcohol content are rich in hydrocarbons and terpenes. Ethyl decanoate; ethyl hexynoate; ethyl octanoate; benzaldehyde; hexanal; octanal; and the terpene compounds limonene, cymene, menthone, humulene, eucalyptol, linalol, and borneol contribute significantly to the aroma of the macerates due to a low odor threshold. Ylangene and α- and β-bourbonene are tentatively determined new terpene molecules that are not found in the mistletoe literature, as well as thujone, which was also detected. For the preparation of aromatic macerates, 40–50 v/v% ethanol and about 40 g/L mistletoe should be used.
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Khallaf AEM, El-Sebaii A. Review on drying of the medicinal plants (herbs) using solar energy applications. HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 2022; 58:1411-1428. [DOI: 10.1007/s00231-022-03191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Sęczyk Ł, Ozdemir FA, Kołodziej B. In vitro bioaccessibility and activity of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) phytochemicals as affected by cultivar and postharvest preservation method - Convection drying, freezing, and freeze-drying. Food Chem 2022; 382:132363. [PMID: 35158270 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of convection drying, freezing, and freeze-drying, on phytochemicals content, in vitro activity and bioaccessibility of sweet basil, cinnamon basil, red rubin basil, and lemon basil were investigated. For evaluation of bioaccessibility, rosmarinic acid content, phenolic content, and antioxidant potential of samples before and after gastric and intestinal steps of digestion were determined. Results showed that the content, activity and bioaccessibility of basil phytochemicals varied depending on the cultivar as well as the applied postharvest preservation. It was found that the frozen and freeze-dried plant materials were characterized by a higher phenolic level and antioxidant activity compared to the convection dried. However, in general, convection drying allows obtaining samples with higher bioaccessibility of phytochemicals compared to the low-temperature processed samples. These findings highlight the need for evaluation of basil cultivars and postharvest preservation methods regarding phytochemicals bioaccessibility, which might help in the classification in terms of pro-health quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Sęczyk
- Department of Industrial and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Bingol University, Bingol 1200, Turkey.
| | - Barbara Kołodziej
- Department of Industrial and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
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Nguyen TTL, Minh TL, Do DQ, Nguyen NVT. Optimization of alcohol extraction and spray-drying conditions for efficient processing and quality evaluation of instant tea powder from lotus and green tea leaves. PHARMACIA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.69.e84650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lotus and Green Tea leaves are two frequently used medicinal plants in Vietnam, utilized as food, drink, or in traditional treatments to help with weight loss and cholesterol reduction. The study’s major goal is to determine the parameters of the process preparation in order to generate instant tea powder that satisfies quality criteria for customer demand. Twenty experiments are conducted using the D-optimal model to evaluate the cause-effect relationship and optimize the production process of instant tea powder. Four independent variables are selected for the survey namely alcohol concentration (40%; 50%; 60%), carrier mass (10 g; 20 g; 30 g), inlet air temperature (160 °C; 170 °C) and flow rate (4 rpm/min; 5 rpm/min). The instant tea powder is effectively created and met quality parameters, with a drying performance, moisture content, total phenol and flavonoid content of 29.15%, 4.83%, 45.29 mg GA/g, and 70.68 mg QE/g, respectively. In conclusion, the optimal parameters of the preparation process were identified, which included an alcohol content of 60%, a carrier mass of 10 g, an inlet air temperature of 165 °C, and a flow rate of 4 rpm/min.
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Comparison of different drying techniques for shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes): Changes in volatile compounds, taste properties, and texture qualities. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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45
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Choo CO, Chua BL, Figiel A, Jałoszyński K, Wojdyło A, Szumny A, Łyczko J, Chong CH. Specific Energy Consumption and Quality of
Citrus Hystrix
Leaves Treated using Convective and Microwave Vacuum Methods. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Choong Oon Choo
- School of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Innovation and Technology, Taylor’s University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya Malaysia
| | - Bee Lin Chua
- School of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Innovation and Technology, Taylor’s University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya Malaysia
| | - Adam Figiel
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37a, 51–630 Wrocław Poland
| | - Klaudiusz Jałoszyński
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37a, 51–630 Wrocław Poland
| | - Aneta Wojdyło
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceuticals Technology Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences Chełmońskiego 37, 51‐630 Wrocław Poland
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences Norwida 25, 50‐375 Wrocław Poland
| | - Jacek Łyczko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences Norwida 25, 50‐375 Wrocław Poland
| | - Chien Hwa Chong
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih Selangor
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Influence of Convective and Vacuum-Type Drying on Quality, Microstructural, Antioxidant and Thermal Properties of Pretreated Boletus edulis Mushrooms. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134063. [PMID: 35807311 PMCID: PMC9268665 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Freshly harvested Boletus edulis mushrooms are subjected to rapid loss of quality due to the high moisture content and enzymatic activity. Drying time, quality characteristics, microstructural and thermal properties were studied in mushrooms ground to puree subjected to hot air drying (HAD), freeze drying (FD) and centrifugal vacuum drying (CVD). The influence of hot water blanching and UV-C pretreatments was additionally investigated. The rehydration ability of mushroom powders was improved by FD, especially without pretreatment or combined to UV-C exposure. The HAD and CVD, with no pretreatment or combined to UV-C, ensured good preservation of phenolics and antioxidant activity of dried mushrooms. The total difference in color of mushroom pigments extracted in acetone was lower in samples dried by CVD and higher in ones by FD. Blanching before HAD produced whiter product probably due to the reduced polyphenoloxidase activity. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis showed fewer physical changes in FD-samples. Heat-induced structural changes were noticed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetry (TG) and Derivative Thermogravimetry (DTG) analysis, in particular of biopolymers, confirmed by ATR-FTIR analysis. Based on our complex approach, the UV pretreatment of mushrooms could be a better alternative to water blanching. Centrifugal vacuum emerged as a new efficient drying method in terms of bioactive compounds, color and thermal stability, while FD led to better rehydration ability and microstructure.
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Bhat TA, Hussain SZ, Wani SM, Rather MA, Reshi M, Naseer B, Qadri T, Khalil A. The impact of different drying methods on antioxidant activity, polyphenols, vitamin C and rehydration characteristics of Kiwifruit. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wang Y, Lei Z, Ye R, Zhou W, Zhou Y, Zou Z, Li J, Yi L, Dai Z. Effects of Cadmium on Physiochemistry and Bioactive Substances of Muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092913. [PMID: 35566265 PMCID: PMC9101123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Muskmelon pedicel is the fruit stalk of muskmelon and one of the traditional Chinese medicines, which can be used to treat jaundice, diabetes and neuropathy. However, in recent years, agricultural soil heavy metal cadmium (Cd) pollution has become serious, coupled with the imperfect sales management of herbal medicine, increasing the potential health risk of contaminated herbal medicine in the human body. In this paper, the comprehensive quality of contaminated muskmelon was tested. The results showed that Cd stress significantly inhibited the growth of muskmelon plants, reduced the anthocyanin and chlorophyll contents, and increased the fruit size and sweetness of muskmelon. In addition, heavy metal Cd can also cause oxidative stress in plants, resulting in a series of changes in antioxidant enzyme activities. In the experimental group, the content of polyphenols and saponins increased by 27.02% and 23.92%, respectively, after high-concentration Cd treatment, which may be a mechanism of plant resistance to stress. This paper reveals that the content of bioactive substances in Chinese herbal medicine is high, but the harm in heavy metals cannot be underestimated, which should be paid attention to by relevant departments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiang Wang
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.W.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.)
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Zhen Lei
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Rongbin Ye
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhou
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.W.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.)
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhengkang Zou
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Junli Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Z.D.)
| | - Licong Yi
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.W.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.)
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Zhaoyi Dai
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.W.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.)
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Z.D.)
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Chitra L, Penislusshiyan S, Soundariya M, Logeswari S, Rajesh RV, Palvannan T. Anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of Corallocarpus epigaeus tuber: In vitro kinetics, in silico docking and molecular dynamics analysis. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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50
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Ahamad S, Mohammad Azmin SNH, Mat Nor MS, Zamzuri NDD, Babar M. Recent trends in pre‐processing and extraction of watermelon rind extract: A comprehensive review. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahirah Ahamad
- Faculty of Agro‐Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli Campus, 17600 Jeli Kelantan Malaysia
- Bio Tajmeel Cosmeceutical Sdn Bhd, Lot 3174, Batu 23, Jalan Machang‐ Kota Bharu, 18500 Machang, Kelantan
| | | | - Mohd Shukri Mat Nor
- Jeli Agricultural Technology (DC0008911‐T), PT7458 Kampung Gemang Baru, 17700 Ayer Lanas Jeli Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Nur Dini Dayana Zamzuri
- Faculty of Agro‐Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli Campus, 17600 Jeli Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Babar
- Chemical Engineering Department Khwaja Fareed University of Information Technology (KFUEIT), Rahimyar Khan Pakistan
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