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Garza-Brenner E, Sánchez-Dávila F, Mauleón-Tolentino K, Zapata-Campos CC, Luna-Palomera C, Hernandez-Melendez J, Gonzalez-Delgado M, Vázquez-Armijo JF. Systematic review of hormonal strategies to improve fertility in rams. Anim Reprod 2024; 21:e20240007. [PMID: 38903866 PMCID: PMC11189135 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2024-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Reviewing the current state of knowledge on reproductive performance and productive traits in rams has many advantages. First, the compilation of this information will serve as a literature resource for scientists conducting research around the world and will contribute to the understanding of the data collected and interpreted by researchers on the different hormonal strategies used to improve reproductive performance in rams. Second, it will allow scientists to identify current knowledge gaps and set future research priorities in ram reproduction. Rams play an important role in the global flock economy, but their reproductive analysis has been limited in the use of hormonal technologies to increase the productivity of sheep flocks. In this review, we cite the most important works on six hormones that, in one way or another, modify the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, at different doses, in and out of the reproductive season, breeds, application methods, among other factors. The overall aim is to increase the reproductive efficiency of rams in different scenarios and, in some cases, of other species due to the lack of limited information on rams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Garza-Brenner
- Facultad de Agronomía, Posgrado Conjunto, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, N.L México
| | - Fernando Sánchez-Dávila
- Facultad de Agronomía, Posgrado Conjunto, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, N.L México
| | - Keyla Mauleón-Tolentino
- Facultad de Agronomía, Posgrado Conjunto, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, N.L México
| | - Cecilia Carmela Zapata-Campos
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México
| | - Carlos Luna-Palomera
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | | | - Marisol Gonzalez-Delgado
- Centro de Investigación en Producción Agropecuaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Linares, Nuevo León, México
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Sert C, Başak N, Koruk İ. Electric and magnetic field pollution in near substations and investigation of anxiety and depressive effects on adult individuals living in this area. Electromagn Biol Med 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38699873 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2024.2348574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to electromagnetic fields causes a variety of health problems in living systems. We investigated EMF pollution in Şanlıurfa city center and also investigated anxiety-depression symptoms in individuals (18-40 years old) exposed to this pollution. For this purpose, electric field and magnetic field measurements were taken at Electricity Distribution Center and 44 substations (for each transformer), at 0 points, 1 meter away, 2 meters away and the house/office closest to the transformer. The experimental group was individuals living in electricity distribution center residences and individuals living near transformers (n = 55). The control group was selected from individuals who lived outside the city center of Şanlıurfa, did not have transformers or high transmission lines near their homes, and did not have any chronic diseases that could cause stress (n = 50). Anxiety and depression symptoms of the groups were measured using the Beck Anxiety Inventory Scale (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory Scale (BDI). The relationship between EMF pollution and anxiety-depression was evaluated statistically. Maximum MF and EF values were recorded as 0.22 mT and 65.9 kV/m, respectively. All measured MF values were below standards, but EF values were above standards at some points. In conclusion, there is no statistically convincing evidence of a relationship between EMF exposure and anxiety-depression (p > 0.05). This result shows that there may be more meaningful results in places with higher EMF levels. We interpreted the fact that exposure to electromagnetic fields does not cause anxiety and depression in individuals, as the measured values are below the limit values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemil Sert
- Department of Biophysics, Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | | | - İbrahim Koruk
- Public Health Department, Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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Eleiwa NZH, Khalifa HAMI, Nazim HA. Cardioprotective role of royal jelly in the prevention of celecoxib-mediated cardiotoxicity in adult male albino rats. J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 19:135. [PMID: 38500210 PMCID: PMC10949770 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02593-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, is used for the management of short- and long-term pain as well as in other inflammatory conditions. Unfortunately, its chronic use is highly associated with serious abnormal cardiovascular events. The current study was designed to explore the effect of long-term administration of celecoxib on the cardiac tissues of male albino rats. The study also examined the alleged cardioprotective effect of royal jelly. METHODS Thirty, male albino rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups; 10 each: (1) rats served as the control group and received no drug; (2) rats received celecoxib (50 mg/kg/day, orally), for 30 consecutive days; (3) rats received celecoxib (50 mg/kg/day, orally) plus royal jelly (300 mg/kg/day, orally) for 30 consecutive days. Sera were collected to assay cardiac enzymes and oxidant/antioxidant status. Rats were euthanatized and cardiac tissues were dissected for quantitative estimation of apoptotic genes (Bax) and anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2). RESULTS Long-term celecoxib administration caused cardiotoxicity in male albino rats as manifested by significant elevation of serum levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), with ameliorative effects of royal jelly against celecoxib-induced cardiotoxicity as manifested by significantly decrease in serum CPK, CK-MB, and LDH levels. It also showed a significant decrease in the oxidative stress indicator malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the bax gene. Additionally, it demonstrated significant increases in the bcl-2 gene and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, which contribute to its therapeutic effects against celecoxib-induced cardiotoxicity. CONCLUSION Long-term celecoxib administration caused cardiotoxicity in male albino rats with protective effect of royal jelly being given together. It could be concluded that royal jelly may prove a useful adjunct in patients being prescribed celecoxib. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa Z H Eleiwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Vet. Med, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 43511, Egypt
| | - Hesham A M I Khalifa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Vet. Med, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 43511, Egypt
| | - Heba A Nazim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Vet. Med, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 43511, Egypt.
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Zha A, Yan J, Li J, Wang J, Qi M, Liao P, Chun G, Yin Y. Melatonin increased antioxidant capacity to ameliorate growth retardation and intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction in diquat-challenged piglets. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2262-2271. [PMID: 37947497 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diquat is a common environmental pollutant, which can cause oxidative stress in humans and animals. Diquat exposure causes growth retardation and intestinal damage. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the effects of melatonin on diquat-challenged piglets. RESULTS Dietary supplementation with 2 mg kg-1 melatonin significantly increased the average daily gain and feed conversion rate in piglets. Melatonin increased antioxidant capacity, and improved intestinal epithelial barrier function of duodenum and jejunum in piglets. Moreover, melatonin was found to regulated the expression of immune and antioxidant-related genes. Melatonin also alleviated diquat-induced growth retardation and anorexia in diquat-challenged piglets. It also increased antioxidant capacity, and ameliorated diquat-induced intestinal epithelial barrier injury. Melatonin also regulated the expression of MnSOD and immuner-elated genes in intestinal. CONCLUSION Dietary supplementation with 2 mg kg-1 melatonin increased antioxidant capacity to ameliorate diquat-induced oxidative stress, alleviate intestinal epithelial barrier injury, and increase growth performance in weaned piglets. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andong Zha
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiameng Yan
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Liao
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Guo Chun
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Khalifa HAMI, Eleiwa NZH, Nazim HA. Royal Jelly, A Super Food, Protects Against Celecoxib-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2024; 11:20543581241235526. [PMID: 38476622 PMCID: PMC10929035 DOI: 10.1177/20543581241235526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Celecoxib is a COX-2 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is widely used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Objective This study aimed to explore the effect of long-term administration of celecoxib on kidney of male albino rats, and to study the potential effect of treatment discontinuation on such tissues. The study also examined the alleged ameliorative effect of royal jelly (RJ). Methods Fifty, male albino rats were divided into 5 equal groups; 10 each. Group 1: rats received no drug (control group). Group 2: rats received celecoxib (50 mg/kg/day, orally for 30 successive days). Group 3: rats received celecoxib (50 mg/kg/day, orally) and royal jelly (300 mg/kg/day, orally) for 30 successive days. Group 4: rats received celecoxib for 30 successive days, then rats were left untreated for another 30 days. Group 5: rats received celecoxib and RJ for 30 successive days, then rats were left untreated for another 30 days. Results Long-term celecoxib administration caused significant elevation in kidney function tests, with ameliorative effects of RJ against celecoxib-induced renal toxicity. Conclusion Long-term celecoxib administration caused renal toxicity in male albino rats, with ameliorative effects of RJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham A M I Khalifa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Z H Eleiwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Heba A Nazim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Pharmacy Inspection, Egyptian Ministry of Health and Populations, Egyptian Drug Authority, Zagazig, Egypt
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Torres TM, Almeida-Monteiro PSD, Nascimento RVD, Cândido-Sobrinho SA, Sousa CTN, Ferreira YM, de Paula KT, Salmito-Vanderley CSB. Effects of taurine, cysteine and melatonin as antioxidant supplements to the freezing medium of Prochilodus brevis sperm. Cryobiology 2024; 114:104858. [PMID: 38346570 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Cryopreservation consist of a set of methods to preserve cells and tissues by drastically reducing the temperature. Among some undesired effects, cryopreservation might generate reactive oxygen species that lead to an increase of oxidative stress, causing damage to cells. This study aimed to test taurine, cysteine, and melatonin on the freezing of Prochilodus brevis sperm and assess its effects on post-thawed sperm quality. Sperm was collected and seven pools were formed (n = 7). They were diluted (1:9) in standard medium (5% glucose, 10% dimethyl sulfoxide and 5% egg yolk) supplemented or not (control) with taurine (0.3, 1.0, 3.16 or 10.0 mM), cysteine (0.3, 1.0, 3.16 or 10.0 mM) or melatonin (0.6, 1.12, 2.0 or 3.56 mM). Post-thawed sperm was evaluated for kinetic (total motility, velocities, and percentage of rapid cells), morphology and membrane and DNA integrity. Differences were found when melatonin was used as an antioxidant. For the variables rapid sperm and sperm velocities, 3.56 mM melatonin presented higher results than the control (melatonin 0 mM). Melatonin 2 mM was similar to 3.56 mM on rapid sperm, average path velocity (VAP) and curvilinear velocity (VCL). No difference was found between concentration 0 mM (control) and taurine treatments. As for cysteine, 0.3 mM presented the best results for rapid sperm than 10 mM, and higher VCL and VAP than 1 mM. Melatonin 3.56 mM presented higher results on kinetic parameters (rapid motility, VCL, VSL and VAP) than other tested antioxidants. Therefore, melatonin 3.56 mM is recommended to be added to the sperm freezing medium of P. brevis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Maia Torres
- Fish Reproduction Biotechnology Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, State University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Carla Tatiana Nascimento Sousa
- Fish Reproduction Biotechnology Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, State University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Yasmim Maia Ferreira
- Fish Reproduction Biotechnology Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, State University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
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Eleiwa NZH, Khalifa HAMI, Nazim HA. Research progress on rat model of drug-induced liver injury established by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (celecoxib) and royal jelly ameliorative effect. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 0:jcim-2023-0385. [PMID: 38281144 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2023-0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES NSAIDs, like celecoxib, are widely used to treat pain, fever, and inflammation, with celecoxib being particularly effective in managing arthritis symptoms and acute or chronic pain especially with its favorable gastrointestinal tolerability. The study aimed at exploring the effect of chronic administration of celecoxib on hepatic tissues in male albino rats. It also examined the royal jelly celecoxib interplay. METHODS 50 male albino rats in 5 equal groups; Group 1: received no drug. Group 2: received celecoxib (50 mg/kg/day, orally), for 30 successive days. Group 3: received celecoxib plus royal jelly (300 mg/kg/day, orally) for 30 successive days. Group 4: received celecoxib, for 30 days, then were left untreated for another 30 days. Group 5: received celecoxib plus royal jelly for 30 days, then were left untreated for another 30 days. RESULTS Chronic celecoxib administration caused hepatotoxicity in male albino rats, with ameliorative effect of royal jelly. Celecoxib discontinuation significantly diminished the celecoxib-induced toxicity, and normal liver enzymes and serum protein levels were regained in the case of dual medications (celecoxib+RJ) discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS Long-term celecoxib administration caused hepatotoxicity, with ameliorative effects of royal jelly against celecoxib-induced oxidative and apoptotic stress. In addition, it could be concluded that royal jelly may prove a useful adjunct in patients being prescribed celecoxib.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heba Ahmed Nazim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Vet. Med., Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Pharmacy Inspection, Egyptian Ministry of Health & Populations, Egyptian Drug Authority, Zagazig, Egypt
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Megha KB, Arathi A, Shikha S, Alka R, Ramya P, Mohanan PV. Significance of Melatonin in the Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Disease Management. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03915-0. [PMID: 38206471 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03915-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin, the 'hormone of darkness' is a neuronal hormone secreted by the pineal gland and other extra pineal sites. Responsible for the circadian rhythm and seasonal behaviour of vertebrates and mammals, melatonin is responsible for regulating various physiological conditions and the maintenance of sleep, body weight and the neuronal activities of the ocular sites. With its unique amphiphilic structure, melatonin can cross the cellular barriers and elucidate its activities in the subcellular components, including mitochondria. Melatonin is a potential scavenger of oxygen and nitrogen-reactive species and can directly obliterate the ROS and RNS by a receptor-independent mechanism. It can also regulate the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in various pathological conditions and exhibit therapeutic activities against neurodegenerative, psychiatric disorders and cancer. Melatonin is also found to show its effects on major organs, particularly the brain, liver and heart, and also imparts a role in the modulation of the immune system. Thus, melatonin is a multifaceted candidate with immense therapeutic potential and is still considered an effective supplement on various therapies. This is primarily due to rectification of aberrant circadian rhythm by improvement of sleep quality associated with risk development of neurodegenerative, cognitive, cardiovascular and other metabolic disorders, thereby enhancing the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Megha
- Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (Govt. of India), Poojapura, Trivandrum, 695 012, Kerala, India
| | - A Arathi
- Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (Govt. of India), Poojapura, Trivandrum, 695 012, Kerala, India
| | - Saini Shikha
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Rao Alka
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Prabhu Ramya
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology, Government Arts College, Trivandrum, 695 014, India
| | - P V Mohanan
- Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (Govt. of India), Poojapura, Trivandrum, 695 012, Kerala, India.
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El-Sayed SF, Abdelhamid AM, ZeinElabdeen SG, El-Wafaey DI, Moursi SMM. Melatonin enhances captopril mediated cardioprotective effects and improves mitochondrial dynamics in male Wistar rats with chronic heart failure. Sci Rep 2024; 14:575. [PMID: 38182706 PMCID: PMC10770053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50730-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a recent emerging research scope that proved to be involved in many cardiovascular diseases culminating in chronic heart failure (CHF), which remains one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the added cardio-protective effects of exogenous melatonin administration to conventional captopril therapy in isoproterenol (ISO) exposed rats with CHF. Five groups of Wistar rats were recruited; (I): Control group, (II): (ISO group), (III): (ISO + captopril group), (IV): (ISO + melatonin group) and (V): (ISO + melatonin/captopril group). Cardiac function parameters and some oxidant, inflammatory and fibrotic markers were investigated. Moreover; mRNA expression of mitochondrial mitophagy [parkin & PTEN induced kinase 1 (PINK1)], biogenesis [Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α)], fusion [mitofusin 2 (Mfn2)] and fission [dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP-1)] parameters in rat's myocardium were evaluated. Rats' myocardium was histo-pathologically and immunohistochemically evaluated for Beclin1 and Sirt3 expression. The present study revealed that captopril and melatonin ameliorated cardiac injury, oxidative stress biomarkers, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in ISO-exposed rats. These protective effects could be attributed to mitochondrial dynamic proteins control (i.e. enhanced the mRNA expression of parkin, PINK1, PGC-1α and Mfn2, while reduced DRP-1 mRNA expression). Also, Beclin1 and Sirt3 cardiac immunoreactivity were improved. Combined captopril and melatonin therapy showed a better response than either agent alone. Melatonin enhanced myocardial mitochondrial dynamics and Sirt3 expression in CHF rats and may represent a promising upcoming therapy added to conventional heart failure treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherein F El-Sayed
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | | | - Dalia Ibrahim El-Wafaey
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Suzan M M Moursi
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Xue C, Wang Y, He Z, Lu Z, Wu F, Wang Y, Zhen Y, Meng J, Shahzad K, Yang K, Wang M. Melatonin disturbed rumen microflora structure and metabolic pathways in vitro. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0032723. [PMID: 37929993 PMCID: PMC10714781 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00327-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE In in vitro studies, it has been found that the effects of MLT on rumen microorganisms and metabolites can change the rumen flora structure, significantly inhibit the relative abundance of harmful Acinetobacter, and improve the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. MLT may regulate the "arginine-glutathione" pathway, "phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis-tryptophan generation" branch, "tryptophan-kynurenine" metabolism, and "tryptophan-tryptamine-serotonin" pathway through microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Xue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyuan He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiqi Lu
- Ningxia Dairy Science and Innovation Center of Guangming Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Zhongwei, China
| | - Feifan Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yusu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongkang Zhen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jimeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Khuram Shahzad
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kailun Yang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
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Carretero VJ, Ramos E, Segura-Chama P, Hernández A, Baraibar AM, Álvarez-Merz I, Muñoz FL, Egea J, Solís JM, Romero A, Hernández-Guijo JM. Non-Excitatory Amino Acids, Melatonin, and Free Radicals: Examining the Role in Stroke and Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1844. [PMID: 37891922 PMCID: PMC10603966 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to explore the relationship between melatonin, free radicals, and non-excitatory amino acids, and their role in stroke and aging. Melatonin has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its diverse physiological functions and potential therapeutic benefits by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Melatonin has been found to mitigate ischemic brain damage caused by stroke. By scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage, melatonin may help slow down the aging process and protect against age-related cognitive decline. Additionally, non-excitatory amino acids have been shown to possess neuroprotective properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in stroke and aging-related conditions. They can attenuate oxidative stress, modulate calcium homeostasis, and inhibit apoptosis, thereby safeguarding neurons against damage induced by stroke and aging processes. The intracellular accumulation of certain non-excitatory amino acids could promote harmful effects during hypoxia-ischemia episodes and thus, the blockade of the amino acid transporters involved in the process could be an alternative therapeutic strategy to reduce ischemic damage. On the other hand, the accumulation of free radicals, specifically mitochondrial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, accelerates cellular senescence and contributes to age-related decline. Recent research suggests a complex interplay between melatonin, free radicals, and non-excitatory amino acids in stroke and aging. The neuroprotective actions of melatonin and non-excitatory amino acids converge on multiple pathways, including the regulation of calcium homeostasis, modulation of apoptosis, and reduction of inflammation. These mechanisms collectively contribute to the preservation of neuronal integrity and functions, making them promising targets for therapeutic interventions in stroke and age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Jiménez Carretero
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Segura-Chama
- Investigador por México-CONAHCYT, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Adan Hernández
- Institute of Neurobiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma of México, Juriquilla, Santiago de Querétaro 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Andrés M Baraibar
- Department of Neurosciences, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Barrio Sarriena, s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Iris Álvarez-Merz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López Muñoz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Camilo José Cela, C/Castillo de Alarcón 49, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, Spain
- Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (i + 12), Avda. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Solís
- Neurobiology-Research Service, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M Hernández-Guijo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Salagre D, Raya Álvarez E, Cendan CM, Aouichat S, Agil A. Melatonin Improves Skeletal Muscle Structure and Oxidative Phenotype by Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics and Autophagy in Zücker Diabetic Fatty Rat. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1499. [PMID: 37627494 PMCID: PMC10451278 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-induced skeletal muscle (SKM) inflexibility is closely linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of melatonin on the red vastus lateralis (RVL) muscle in obese rat models at the molecular and morphological levels. Five-week-old male Zücker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and their age-matched lean littermates (ZL) were orally treated either with melatonin (10 mg/kg body weight (BW)/24 h) (M-ZDF and M-ZL) or non-treated (control) (C-ZDF and C-ZL) for 12 weeks. Western blot analysis showed that mitochondrial fission, fusion, and autophagy were altered in the C-ZDF group, accompanied by reduced SIRT1 levels. Furthermore, C-ZDF rats exhibited depleted ATP production and nitro-oxidative stress, as indicated by increased nitrites levels and reduced SOD activity. Western blotting of MyH isoforms demonstrated a significant decrease in both slow and fast oxidative fiber-specific markers expression in the C-ZDF group, concomitant with an increase in the fast glycolytic fiber markers. At the tissue level, marked fiber atrophy, less oxidative fibers, and excessive lipid deposition were noted in the C-ZDF group. Interestingly, melatonin treatment partially restored mitochondrial fission/fusion imbalance in the RVL muscle by enhancing the expression of fission (Fis1 and DRP1) markers and decreasing that of fusion (OPA1 and Mfn2) markers. It was also found to restore autophagy, as indicated by increased p62 protein level and LC3BII/I ratio. In addition, melatonin treatment increased SIRT1 protein level, mitochondrial ATP production, and SOD activity and decreased nitrites production. These effects were associated with enhanced oxidative phenotype, as evidenced by amplified oxidative fiber-specific markers expression, histochemical reaction for NADH enzyme, and muscular lipid content. In this study, we showed that melatonin might have potential therapeutic implications for obesity-induced SKM metabolic inflexibility among patients with obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Salagre
- Department of Pharmacology, BioHealth Institute Granada (IBs Granada), Neuroscience Institute (CIBM), School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (D.S.)
| | - Enrique Raya Álvarez
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Clinic San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Cruz Miguel Cendan
- Department of Pharmacology, BioHealth Institute Granada (IBs Granada), Neuroscience Institute (CIBM), School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (D.S.)
| | - Samira Aouichat
- Department of Pharmacology, BioHealth Institute Granada (IBs Granada), Neuroscience Institute (CIBM), School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (D.S.)
| | - Ahmad Agil
- Department of Pharmacology, BioHealth Institute Granada (IBs Granada), Neuroscience Institute (CIBM), School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (D.S.)
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Li Z, Zhang K, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Wang J, Lu W. Role of Melatonin in Bovine Reproductive Biotechnology. Molecules 2023; 28:4940. [PMID: 37446601 PMCID: PMC10343719 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin has profound antioxidant activity and numerous functions in humans as well as in livestock and poultry. Additionally, melatonin plays an important role in regulating the biological rhythms of animals. Combining melatonin with scientific breeding management has considerable potential for optimizing animal physiological functions, but this idea still faces significant challenges. In this review, we summarized the beneficial effects of melatonin supplementation on physiology and reproductive processes in cattle, including granulosa cells, oocytes, circadian rhythm, stress, inflammation, testicular function, spermatogenesis, and semen cryopreservation. There is much emerging evidence that melatonin can profoundly affect cattle. In the future, we hope that melatonin can not only be applied to cattle, but can also be used to safely and effectively improve the efficiency of animal husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Z.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.)
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Kaiyan Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Z.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.)
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuming Zhou
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Z.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.)
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Z.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.)
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Z.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.)
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wenfa Lu
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Z.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.)
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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14
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Zhai B, Li X, Zhao Z, Cao Y, Liu X, Liu Z, Ma H, Lu W. Melatonin Protects the Apoptosis of Sheep Granulosa Cells by Suppressing Oxidative Stress via MAP3K8 and FOS Pathway. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051067. [PMID: 37239427 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is not only a highly effective active oxygen scavenger but also an important reproductive hormone. Melatonin has a regulatory effect on animal reproduction, especially on the ovaries. It can affect the proliferation and apoptosis of cells in follicles. However, the mechanisms of the dual antioxidation and anti-apoptosis effects of melatonin on granulosa cells are still not clear, especially in sheep. Therefore, we investigated the mechanisms of the protective effect of melatonin against oxidative damage in granulosa cells. At a concentration of 250 µmol/L, H2O2 promoted granulosa cell apoptosis; however, 10 ng/mL melatonin effectively alleviated the pro-apoptotic effect of H2O2. Furthermore, through the application of high-throughput sequencing technology, we identified 109 significantly differentially expressed genes (35 upregulated and 74 downregulated genes) involved in the protective effect of melatonin against apoptosis. The expression levels of nine related genes, i.e., ATF3, FIBIN, FOS, HSPA6, MAP3K8, FOSB, PET117, DLX2, and TRIB1, changed significantly. MAP3K8 and FOS gene overexpression impacted the protective effect of melatonin in granulosa cells; the two genes exhibited an upstream and downstream regulatory relationship. Our findings indicated that melatonin alleviated H2O2-induced apoptosis in sheep granulosa cells through the MAP3K8-FOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhai
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Zhongli Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Huihai Ma
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Wenfa Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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15
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Yadav DK, Kumar A, Gupta S, Sharma P, Kumar G, Sachan V, Yadav B, Yadav S, Saxena A, Swain DK. Antioxidant additive melatonin in tris-based egg yolk extender improves post-thaw sperm attributes in Hariana bull. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 251:107214. [PMID: 36947953 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
In the study, melatonin, a known antioxidant pineal peptide was used as an additive in the tris-egg yolk glycerol-based semen extender in Hariana bull semen and post-thaw sperm characters were evaluated. In the study, Group I was a control without melatonin; and Group II, III, and IV were having 0.5 mM, 1 mM, and 2 mM melatonin/80 × 106 spermatozoa, respectively were treatment groups. Thirty-two semen ejaculates from 4 Hariana bulls were processed for freezing and post-thaw sperm characteristics were evaluated. Sperm motility, velocity, the viability with intact membrane, and total antioxidant capacity were markedly (P < 0.05) improved in Group IV compared to all other groups. The lipid peroxidation and total protein carbonylation were substantially (P < 0.05) decreased in Group IV compared to all other groups. The population of cryocapacitated, acrosome-reacted, and apoptotic-like spermatozoa were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in Group IV. Further, the relative band intensity of 74 kDa protein and percent of spermatozoa showing positive immune reactivity to tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins was decreased in Group IV. The progesterone-receptor ligand binding, in vitro capacitation response, and Vanguard distance were markedly (P < 0.05) improved in Group IV. In summary- Group IV having 2 mM melatonin was found to be optimal in providing cryoprotective effects to Hariana bull spermatozoa after freezing-thawing and can be suitably used as a semen additive during semen cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep Kumar Yadav
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shashikant Gupta
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pratishtha Sharma
- Sperm Signalling Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gyanesh Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Sachan
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Brijesh Yadav
- Sperm Signalling Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarvajeet Yadav
- Sperm Signalling Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Atul Saxena
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Swain
- Sperm Signalling Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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16
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Saeed E, El-Mansy AA, Mazroa SA, Moustafa AM. The possible protective role of vitamin C versus melatonin on potassium dichromate induced changes in rat thyroid gland: light and electron microscopic study. Ultrastruct Pathol 2023; 47:1-17. [PMID: 36841779 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2023.2178568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Potassium dichromate is widely used in various laboratory and industrial applications. Vitamin C and melatonin are well-known antioxidants. Study the microscopic and morphometric alterations in the thyroid gland in adult male albino rats after the administration of potassium dichromate for successive 2 months and also to assess the possible protective effect of vitamin C versus melatonin on these changes. Sixty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four main groups. Group I (The control group). Group II received potassium dichromate (25 mg/kg/day) dissolved in distilled water by intraperitoneal (i.p) injection for 2 months. Group III received the same dose of potassium dichromate with vitamin C (120 mg/kg/day) orally through an intragastric intubation. Group IV received the same dose of potassium dichromate and melatonin (10 mg/kg/day) as an i.p injection. Thyroid gland samples were prepared for light and electron microscopic studies. Potassium dichromate group demonstrated congested blood vessels, follicular hyperplasia, follicular enlargement with degenerated lining cells that were exfoliated in the lumen. The parafollicular cells appeared with darkly stained nuclei. PAS reaction showed weak reaction in the colloid with an abnormal pattern of vacuolization. A highly significant increase in the percentage area of fibrosis was detected in Mallory trichrome sections. Ultrastructurally, follicular cells and parafollicular cells appeared irregular in shape with dark, small heterochromatic nuclei. Small, electron-dense granules in the parafollicular cells were found. Potassium dichromate and vitamin C-treated group III showed partial improvement of the thyroid gland. The PAS reaction showed that nearly all the follicles were more or less similar to those of the control group. A significant decrease in the percentage area of fibrosis in group III was found as compared to those in group II. Potassium dichromate and melatonin-treated group showed that the thyroid gland was nearly similar to that of the control group. Vitamin C and melatonin could partially protect against potassium dichromate induced changes in the thyroid gland and the protective effect of melatonin was better than that of vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Saeed
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Mansy
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University-Egypt
| | - Shireen A Mazroa
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amal M Moustafa
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
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Sun P, Huang Y, Yang X, Liao A, Wu J. The role of indole derivative in the growth of plants: A review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1120613. [PMID: 36726683 PMCID: PMC9885212 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1120613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Indole compounds with their unique properties of mimicking peptide structures and reversible binding to enzymes are of great exploitative value in the regulation of plant growth. They stimulate root and fruit formation and activate the plant's immune system against biotic and abiotic factors harmful to the plant. Analysis of target recognition, receptor recognition, key activation sites and activation mechanisms of indoles in plant to enhance crop growth or disease resistance is a crucial step for further developing compounds as plant growth regulators and immune inducers. Therefore, this review focused on the mechanism of action of indoles in regulating plant growth and enhancing plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses.
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18
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Dauchy RT, Blask DE. Vivarium Lighting as an Important Extrinsic Factor Influencing Animal-based Research. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE : JAALAS 2023; 62:3-25. [PMID: 36755210 PMCID: PMC9936857 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-jaalas-23-000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Light is an extrinsic factor that exerts widespread influence on the regulation of circadian, physiologic, hormonal, metabolic, and behavioral systems of all animals, including those used in research. These wide-ranging biologic effects of light are mediated by distinct photoreceptors, the melanopsin-containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells of the nonvisual system, which interact with the rods and cones of the conventional visual system. Here, we review the nature of light and circadian rhythms, current industry practices and standards, and our present understanding of the neurophysiology of the visual and nonvisual systems. We also consider the implications of this extrinsic factor for vivarium measurement, production, and technological application of light, and provide simple recommendations on artificial lighting for use by regulatory authorities, lighting manufacturers, designers, engineers, researchers, and research animal care staff that ensure best practices for optimizing animal health and wellbeing and, ultimately, improving scientific outcomes.
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Key Words
- blad, blue-enriched led light at daytime
- clock, circadian locomotor output kaput
- cct, correlated color temperature
- cwf, cool white fluorescent
- iprgc, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell
- hiomt, hydroxyindole-o-methyltransferase
- lan, light at night
- led, light-emitting diode
- plr, pupillary light reflex
- scn, suprachiasmatic nuclei
- spd, spectral power distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Dauchy
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Chrono-Neuroendocrine Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - David E Blask
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Chrono-Neuroendocrine Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Xie S, Zhang R, Li Z, Liu C, Xiang W, Lu Q, Chen Y, Yu Q. Indispensable role of melatonin, a scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in the protective effect of Akkermansia muciniphila in cadmium-induced intestinal mucosal damage. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:447-458. [PMID: 36328351 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.10.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is the main target of cadmium toxicity. However, whether Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), which has been reported to be the next generation of promising probiotics, can alleviate cadmium-induced intestinal damage has not been investigated. In this study, we found that compared to the cadmium exposure group, mice gavaged with A. muciniphila showed less severe intestinal mucosal damage, with improved bodyweight, colon length, a decline in inflammation, and significantly increased glutathione and goblet cell numbers. Meanwhile, melatonin was interestingly found to be strikingly increased after A. muciniphila treatment. We then demonstrated that melatonin also could ameliorate the intestinal mucosal damage caused by cadmium through scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing the number of goblet cells. Furthermore, mice treated with inhibitors had a low level of melatonin and could not reproduce the beneficial effects of the A. muciniphila. Our results implied that the regulation of melatonin production by A. muciniphila is associated with an increase in enterochromaffin cells number, which determine melatonin secretion. This study indicated that the A. muciniphila-melatonin axis reduces cadmium-induced damage by increasing the goblet cells and scavenging the ROS, which may guide the prevention of the toxic effects of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Xie
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Zhaoyan Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Chunru Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Weiwei Xiang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Immunology and Metabolism, Diprobio (Shanghai) Co, Limited, Shanghai, 200335, PR China
| | - Qianqian Lu
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Immunology and Metabolism, Diprobio (Shanghai) Co, Limited, Shanghai, 200335, PR China
| | - Yanyu Chen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Immunology and Metabolism, Diprobio (Shanghai) Co, Limited, Shanghai, 200335, PR China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China; Laboratory of Microbiology, Immunology and Metabolism, Diprobio (Shanghai) Co, Limited, Shanghai, 200335, PR China.
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20
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Sundram S, Malviya R, Awasthi R. Genetic Causes of Alzheimer's Disease and the Neuroprotective Role of Melatonin in its Management. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 22:CNSNDDT-EPUB-126085. [PMID: 36056839 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220901125730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dementia is a global health concern owing to its complexity, which also poses a great challenge to pharmaceutical scientists and neuroscientists. The global dementia prevalence is approximately 47 million, which may increase by three times by 2050. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. AD is a severe age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by short-term memory loss, aphasia, mood imbalance, and executive function. The etiology of AD is still unknown, and the exact origin of the disease is still under investigation. Aggregation of Amyloid β (Aβ) plaques or neurotoxic Aβo oligomers outside the neuron is the most common cause of AD development. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing by β secretase and γ secretase produces abnormal Aβ monomers. This aggregation of Aβ and NFT is promoted by various genes like BACE1, ADAM10, PIN1, GSK-3, APOE, PPARα, etc. Identification of these genes can discover several therapeutic targets that can be useful in studying pathogenesis and underlying treatments. Melatonin modulates the activities of these genes, thereby reducing Aβ production and increasing its clearance. Melatonin also reduces the expression of APP by attenuating cAMP, thereby enhancing the non-amyloidogenic process. Present communication explored and discussed the neuroprotective role of melatonin against Aβ-dependent AD pathogenesis. The manuscript also discussed potential molecular and genetic mechanisms of melatonin in the production and clearance of Aβ that could ameliorate neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Sundram
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, U.P., India
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Rishabha Malviya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, U.P., India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Science and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres, Bidholi, Via-Prem Nagar, Dehradun - 248 007, Uttarakhand, India
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The potential role of ischaemia-reperfusion injury in chronic, relapsing diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Long COVID, and ME/CFS: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Biochem J 2022; 479:1653-1708. [PMID: 36043493 PMCID: PMC9484810 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischaemia–reperfusion (I–R) injury, initiated via bursts of reactive oxygen species produced during the reoxygenation phase following hypoxia, is well known in a variety of acute circumstances. We argue here that I–R injury also underpins elements of the pathology of a variety of chronic, inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, ME/CFS and, our chief focus and most proximally, Long COVID. Ischaemia may be initiated via fibrin amyloid microclot blockage of capillaries, for instance as exercise is started; reperfusion is a necessary corollary when it finishes. We rehearse the mechanistic evidence for these occurrences here, in terms of their manifestation as oxidative stress, hyperinflammation, mast cell activation, the production of marker metabolites and related activities. Such microclot-based phenomena can explain both the breathlessness/fatigue and the post-exertional malaise that may be observed in these conditions, as well as many other observables. The recognition of these processes implies, mechanistically, that therapeutic benefit is potentially to be had from antioxidants, from anti-inflammatories, from iron chelators, and via suitable, safe fibrinolytics, and/or anti-clotting agents. We review the considerable existing evidence that is consistent with this, and with the biochemical mechanisms involved.
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22
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Ge W, Duan H, Zeng J, Zhao X, Li J, Hu J. Melatonin protects sheep endometrial epithelial cells against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:1602-1614. [PMID: 36018566 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin has known anti-inflammatory effects. However, how melatonin protects sheep endometrial epithelial cells from inflammation remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the melatonin synthetase AANAT and HIOMT, and melatonin membrane receptors MT1 and MT2 distribution in sheep uterus. Using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated sheep endometrial epithelial cells as an in vitro inflammation model. The results showed that melatonin attenuated the expression of inflammatory factors in a concentration-response manner. Melatonin also inhibited the LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and NF-κB p65. This attenuation was partially blocked by luzindole (a nonspecific MT1 and MT2 inhibitor) or 4P-PDOT (specific MT2 inhibitor). In addition, the above inhibition of melatonin was abolished by the PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor LY294002. It was concluded that melatonin had an inhibitory effect on LPS-induced endometrial epithelial cell inflammation in sheep, which was mediated by the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway via melatonin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Ge
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianling Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Kholghi G, Eskandari M, Shokouhi Qare Saadlou MS, Zarrindast MR, Vaseghi S. Night shift hormone: How does melatonin affect depression? Physiol Behav 2022; 252:113835. [PMID: 35504318 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is the main hormone secreted by the pineal gland that modulates the circadian rhythm and mood. Previous studies have shown the therapeutic effects of melatonin, or its important analogue, agomelatine, on depression. In this review study, we aimed to discuss the potential mechanisms of melatonin involved in the treatment of depression. It was noted that disrupted circadian rhythm can lead to depressive state, and melatonin via regulating circadian rhythm shows a therapeutic effect. It was also noted that melatonin induces antidepressant effects via promoting antioxidant system and neurogenesis, and suppressing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis. The interaction effect between melatonin or agomelatine and serotonergic signaling has a significant effect on depression. It was noted that the psychotropic effects of agomelatine are induced by the synergistic interaction between melatonin and 5-HT2C receptors. Agomelatine also interacts with glutamatergic signaling in brain regions involved in regulating mood and circadian rhythm. Interestingly, it was concluded that melatonin exerts both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects, depending on the grade of inflammation. It was suggested that synergistic interaction between melatonin and 5-HT2C receptors may be able to induce therapeutic effects on other psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, dualistic role of melatonin in regulating inflammation is an important point that can be examined at different levels of inflammation in animal models of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Kholghi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Maliheh Eskandari
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.
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Review of Drug Therapy for Peripheral Facial Nerve Regeneration That Can Be Used in Actual Clinical Practice. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071678. [PMID: 35884983 PMCID: PMC9313135 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although facial nerve palsy is not a life-threatening disease, facial asymmetry affects interpersonal relationships, causes psychological stress, and devastates human life. The treatment and rehabilitation of facial paralysis has many socio-economic costs. Therefore, in cases of facial paralysis, it is necessary to identify the cause and provide the best treatment. However, until now, complete recovery has been difficult regardless of the treatment used in cases of complete paralysis of unknown cause and cutting injury of the facial nerve due to disease or accident. Therefore, this article aims to contribute to the future treatment of facial paralysis by reviewing studies on drugs that aid in nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve damage.
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Wang H, Zhang H, Su Y. New Insights into the Diurnal Rhythmicity of Gut Microbiota and Its Crosstalk with Host Circadian Rhythm. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131677. [PMID: 35804575 PMCID: PMC9264800 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There is a growing consensus that the gut microbiota exhibits diurnal oscillation. The rhythmicity of gut microbiota has fundamental implications for host physiology, metabolism, and health. Further, the gut microbiota rhythmicity can regulate the host’s circadian rhythm. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to highlight the rhythmic phenomenon of the gut microbiota and elucidate its fundamental roles in host physiology, metabolism, and health, and illuminate the possible interactions between the gut microbiota rhythmicity and host circadian rhythm. Insights into these questions facilitate the development of chronotherapy. Abstract Unlike the strictly hierarchical organization in the circadian clock system, the gut microbiota rhythmicity has a more complex multilayer network of all taxonomic levels of microbial taxa and their metabolites. However, it is worth noting that the functionality of the gut microbiota rhythmicity is highly dependent on the host circadian clock and host physiological status. Here, we discussed the diurnal rhythmicity of the gut microbiota; its crucial role in host physiology, health, and metabolism; and the crosstalk between the gut microbial rhythmicity and host circadian rhythm. This knowledge lays the foundation for the development of chronotherapies targeting the gut microbiota. However, the formation mechanism, its beneficial effects on the host of gut microbial rhythmicity, and the dynamic microbial–host crosstalk are not yet clear and warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Wang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (H.Z.)
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - He Zhang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (H.Z.)
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yong Su
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (H.Z.)
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence:
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Yang L, Malla S, Özdemir E, Kim SH, Lennen R, Christensen HB, Christensen U, Munro LJ, Herrgård MJ, Kell DB, Palsson BØ. Identification and Engineering of Transporters for Efficient Melatonin Production in Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:880847. [PMID: 35794920 PMCID: PMC9251470 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.880847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transporter discovery and engineering play an important role in cell factory development. Decreasing the intracellular concentration of the product reduces product inhibition and/or toxicity. Lowering intracellular concentrations is especially beneficial for achieving a robust strain at high titers. However, the identification of transporters for xenobiotic chemicals in the host strain is challenging. Here we present a high-throughput workflow to discover Escherichia coli transporters responsible for the efflux of the inhibitory xenobiotic compound melatonin. We took advantage of the Keio collection and screened about 400 transporter knockouts in the presence of a high concentration of melatonin. We found five transporters that when knocked out showed decreased tolerance to melatonin, indicating they are exporters of melatonin. We overexpressed these five genes individually in the production strain and found that one of them, yhjV, encoding a transporter with unknown substrates, resulted in a 27% titer increase in cultivation mimicking fed-batch fermentation. This study demonstrates how microbial cell factories can be improved through transporter identification and engineering. Further, these results lay the foundation for the scale-up of melatonin production in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Lei Yang,
| | - Sailesh Malla
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Emre Özdemir
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Se Hyeuk Kim
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Lennen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hanne B. Christensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ulla Christensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lachlan J. Munro
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Markus J. Herrgård
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Douglas B. Kell,
| | - Bernhard Ø. Palsson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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D'angelo G, Cannavò L, Reiter RJ, Gitto E. Melatonin Administration from 2000 to 2020 to Human Newborns with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy. Am J Perinatol 2022; 39:824-829. [PMID: 33129208 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is the main cause of long-term neurodevelopmental morbidity in term born infants worldwide. Melatonin is a hormone with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that make it a promising molecule for the treatment of perinatal asphyxia. Probably, the synergistic use of hypothermia associated with melatonin treatment may improve the neurological outcome in infants with HIE. In the past 20 years, the efficacy of melatonin in reducing oxidative stress has been demonstrated in animals; however, clinical trials with sufficient sample size of newborns are lacking to date. Since in 2000 we were among the first to study the neuroprotective properties of melatonin on infants, in this review, we want to summarize the advantages and limitations of the investigations conducted to date. KEY POINTS: · HIE is the main cause of morbidity in term born infants worldwide.. · Melatonin is a promising molecule for the treatment of perinatal asphyxia.. · This review summarizes advantages and limitations of the investigations conducted on melatonin..
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella D'angelo
- Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Cannavò
- Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Eloisa Gitto
- Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Ishaniya W, Sumithaa C, Raghunandhakumar S, Vimalraj S, Ganeshpandian M. Nano-encapsulation of melatonin into polydiacetylene-phospholipid assembly for sustained-release and enhanced bone formation in zebrafish. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Role of the Antioxidant Activity of Melatonin in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040627. [PMID: 35453312 PMCID: PMC9032762 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a common problem in the age of interventional cardiology; it is primarily mediated by oxidative stress and reactive agents. Melatonin has antioxidative properties that make its use promising for treating ischemia-reperfusion injury. Multiple experimental studies in murine and porcine models have been performed with good results. Clinical trials have also been conducted but given their heterogeneity, no conclusive results can be made. Melatonin pharmacokinetic properties are not ideal; therefore, many analogs have been proposed with improved characteristics, and some studies have evaluated their efficacy in animal models, but clinical trials are needed to recommend their use. In this review, we expose the results of the most impactful studies regarding melatonin use in ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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30
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Salagre D, Chayah M, Molina-Carballo A, Oliveras-López MJ, Munoz-Hoyos A, Navarro-Alarcón M, Fernández-Vázquez G, Agil A. Melatonin induces fat browning by transdifferentiation of white adipocytes and de novo differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Food Funct 2022; 13:3760-3775. [PMID: 35274657 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of melatonin in obesity control is extensively accepted, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. Previously we demonstrated that chronic oral melatonin acts as a brown-fat inducer, driving subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) into a brown-fat-like function (beige) in obese diabetic rats. However, immunofluorescence characterization of beige depots in sWAT and whether melatonin is a beige-fat inducer by de novo differentiation and/or transdifferentiation of white adipocytes are still undefined. Lean (ZL) and diabetic fatty (ZDF) Zücker rats were subdivided into two groups, control (C) and oral melatonin-supplemented (M, 10 mg kg-1 day-1) for 6 weeks. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from both rat inguinal fat and human lipoaspirates followed by adipogenesis assays with or without melatonin (50 nM for 12 h in a 24 h period, 12 h+/12 h-) mimicking the light/dark cycle. Immunofluorescence and western-blot assays showed the partial transdifferentiation of white adipocytes in both ZL and ZDF rats, with increasing thermogenic and beige markers, UCP1 and CITED1 and decreasing white adipocyte marker ASC-1 expression. In addition, melatonin increased UCP1, CITED1, and PGC1-α expression in differentiated adipocytes in both rats and humans. These results demonstrate that melatonin increases brown fat in obese diabetic rats by both adipocyte transdifferentiation and de novo differentiation. Furthermore, it promotes beige MSC adipogenesis in humans. This may contribute to the control of body weight attributed to melatonin and its metabolic benefits in human diabesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Salagre
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine & Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Meriem Chayah
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine & Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Antonio Molina-Carballo
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada (Spain). Unit of Pediatric Neurology and Neurodevelopment, Clínico San Cecilio University Hospital, the Andalusian Health Service, Granada, Spain.
| | - María-Jesús Oliveras-López
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, University Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Munoz-Hoyos
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada (Spain). Unit of Pediatric Neurology and Neurodevelopment, Clínico San Cecilio University Hospital, the Andalusian Health Service, Granada, Spain.
| | - Miguel Navarro-Alarcón
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Ahmad Agil
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine & Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
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The new melatonin derivative: synthesis, characterization, biological properties, and serum determination by HPLC–UV. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-02195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Protective Role of Melatonin and Its Metabolites in Skin Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031238. [PMID: 35163162 PMCID: PMC8835651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin, being the largest organ in the human body, is exposed to the environment and suffers from both intrinsic and extrinsic aging factors. The skin aging process is characterized by several clinical features such as wrinkling, loss of elasticity, and rough-textured appearance. This complex process is accompanied with phenotypic and functional changes in cutaneous and immune cells, as well as structural and functional disturbances in extracellular matrix components such as collagens and elastin. Because skin health is considered one of the principal factors representing overall “well-being” and the perception of “health” in humans, several anti-aging strategies have recently been developed. Thus, while the fundamental mechanisms regarding skin aging are known, new substances should be considered for introduction into dermatological treatments. Herein, we describe melatonin and its metabolites as potential “aging neutralizers”. Melatonin, an evolutionarily ancient derivative of serotonin with hormonal properties, is the main neuroendocrine secretory product of the pineal gland. It regulates circadian rhythmicity and also exerts anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor capacities. The intention of this review is to summarize changes within skin aging, research advances on the molecular mechanisms leading to these changes, and the impact of the melatoninergic anti-oxidative system controlled by melatonin and its metabolites, targeting the prevention or reversal of skin aging.
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Hoque MN, Tahjib-Ul-Arif M, Hannan A, Sultana N, Akhter S, Hasanuzzaman M, Akter F, Hossain MS, Sayed MA, Hasan MT, Skalicky M, Li X, Brestič M. Melatonin Modulates Plant Tolerance to Heavy Metal Stress: Morphological Responses to Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111445. [PMID: 34768875 PMCID: PMC8584185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal toxicity is one of the most devastating abiotic stresses. Heavy metals cause serious damage to plant growth and productivity, which is a major problem for sustainable agriculture. It adversely affects plant molecular physiology and biochemistry by generating osmotic stress, ionic imbalance, oxidative stress, membrane disorganization, cellular toxicity, and metabolic homeostasis. To improve and stimulate plant tolerance to heavy metal stress, the application of biostimulants can be an effective approach without threatening the ecosystem. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a biostimulator, plant growth regulator, and antioxidant, promotes plant tolerance to heavy metal stress by improving redox and nutrient homeostasis, osmotic balance, and primary and secondary metabolism. It is important to perceive the complete and detailed regulatory mechanisms of exogenous and endogenous melatonin-mediated heavy metal-toxicity mitigation in plants to identify potential research gaps that should be addressed in the future. This review provides a novel insight to understand the multifunctional role of melatonin in reducing heavy metal stress and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Najmol Hoque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna 9100, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.T.-U.-A.); (M.B.)
| | - Afsana Hannan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (N.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Naima Sultana
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (N.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Shirin Akhter
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (N.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Md. Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Fahmida Akter
- Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Sazzad Hossain
- Department of Agronomy and Haor Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Abu Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Toufiq Hasan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Xiangnan Li
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;
| | - Marián Brestič
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
- Correspondence: (M.T.-U.-A.); (M.B.)
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Yong W, Ma H, Na M, Gao T, Zhang Y, Hao L, Yu H, Yang H, Deng X. Roles of melatonin in the field of reproductive medicine. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112001. [PMID: 34624677 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, mostly released by the pineal gland, is a circadian rhythm-regulated and multifunctional hormone. Great advances in melatonin research have been made, including its role in rhythms of the sleep-wake cycle, retardation of ageing processes, as well as antioxidant or anti-inflammatory functions. Melatonin can scavenge free radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), a key factor in reproductive functions. Melatonin plays an important role in oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryonic development as well. The concurrent use of melatonin increases the number of mature oocytes, the fertilization rate, and number of high-quality embryos, which improves the clinical outcome of assisted reproductive technology (ART). This review discusses the relationship between melatonin and human reproductive function, and potential clinical applications of melatonin in the field of reproductive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yong
- Center Laboratory of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang, 110032, China; Department of Pharmacology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, CMU, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Haiying Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, CMU, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Man Na
- Center Laboratory of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang, 110032, China; Department of Pharmacology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, CMU, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Teng Gao
- Center Laboratory of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang, 110032, China; Department of Pharmacology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, CMU, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Center Laboratory of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang, 110032, China; Department of Pharmacology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, CMU, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Liying Hao
- Institute of Medical Toxicology, College of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Biophysics, CMU, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Huazhe Yang
- Department of Biophysics, CMU, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Center Laboratory of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang, 110032, China.
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Lu J, Xu L, Zeng Z, Xue C, Li J, Chen X, Zhou P, Lin S, Liao Y, Du X, Yang R, Zheng S. Normothermic ex vivo Heart Perfusion Combined With Melatonin Enhances Myocardial Protection in Rat Donation After Circulatory Death Hearts via Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:733183. [PMID: 34532321 PMCID: PMC8438322 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.733183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The adoption of hearts from donation after circulatory death (DCD) is a promising approach for the shortage of suitable organs in heart transplantation. However, DCD hearts suffer from serious ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Recent studies demonstrate that nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis is a novel target to ameliorate myocardial IRI. Melatonin is shown to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. Therefore, this study is designed to verify the hypothesis that melatonin can protect the heart graft preserved with ex vivo heart perfusion (EVHP) against myocardial IRI via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in a rat model of DCD. Methods Donor-heart rats were randomly divided into three groups: (1) Control group: non-DCD hearts were harvested from heart-beating rats and immediately preserved with allogenic blood-based perfusate at constant flow for 105 min in the normothermic EVHP system; (2) DCD-vehicle group; and (3) DCD-melatonin group: rats were subjected to the DCD procedure with 25 min of warm ischemia injury and preserved by the normothermic EVHP system for 105 min. Melatonin (200 μmol/L) or vehicle was perfused in the cardioplegia and throughout the whole EVHP period. Cardiac functional assessment was performed every 30 min during EVHP. The level of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis of heart grafts submitted to EVHP were evaluated. Results Twenty five-minute warm ischemia injury resulted in a significant decrease in the developed pressure (DP), dP/dt max , and dP/dt min of left ventricular of the DCD hearts, while the treatment with melatonin significantly increased the DP, dP/dt max of the left ventricular of DCD hearts compared with DCD-vehicle group. Furthermore, warm ischemia injury led to a significant increase in the level of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in the hearts preserved with EVHP. However, melatonin added in the cardioplegia and throughout the EVHP period significantly attenuated the level of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis compared with DCD-vehicle group. Conclusion EVHP combined with melatonin post-conditioning attenuates myocardial IRI in DCD hearts by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis, which might expand the donor pool by the adoption of transplantable DCD hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwei Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zifeng Zeng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuqing Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengyu Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyan Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Liao
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianjin Du
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Shaoyi Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Melatonin Enhances the Mitochondrial Functionality of Brown Adipose Tissue in Obese-Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091482. [PMID: 34573114 PMCID: PMC8466890 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing novel drugs/targets remains a major effort toward controlling obesity-related type 2 diabetes (diabesity). Melatonin controls obesity and improves glucose homeostasis in rodents, mainly via the thermogenic effects of increasing the amount of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and increases in mitochondrial mass, amount of UCP1 protein, and thermogenic capacity. Importantly, mitochondria are widely known as a therapeutic target of melatonin; however, direct evidence of melatonin on the function of mitochondria from BAT and the mechanistic pathways underlying these effects remains lacking. This study investigated the effects of melatonin on mitochondrial functions in BAT of Zücker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, which are considered a model of obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). At five weeks of age, Zücker lean (ZL) and ZDF rats were subdivided into two groups, consisting of control and treated with oral melatonin for six weeks. Mitochondria were isolated from BAT of animals from both groups, using subcellular fractionation techniques, followed by measurement of several mitochondrial parameters, including respiratory control ratio (RCR), phosphorylation coefficient (ADP/O ratio), ATP production, level of mitochondrial nitrites, superoxide dismutase activity, and alteration in the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Interestingly, melatonin increased RCR in mitochondria from brown fat of both ZL and ZDF rats through the reduction of the proton leak component of respiration (state 4). In addition, melatonin improved the ADP/O ratio in obese rats and augmented ATP production in lean rats. Further, melatonin reduced mitochondrial nitrosative and oxidative status by decreasing nitrite levels and increasing superoxide dismutase activity in both groups, as well as inhibited mPTP in mitochondria isolated from brown fat. Taken together, the present data revealed that chronic oral administration of melatonin improved mitochondrial respiration in brown adipocytes, while decreasing oxidative and nitrosative stress and susceptibility of adipocytes to apoptosis in ZDF rats, suggesting a beneficial use in the treatment of diabesity. Further research regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of melatonin on diabesity is warranted.
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Wang L, Su Y, Choi WS. Melatonin Suppresses Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas Migration and Invasion through Blocking FGF19/FGFR 4 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189907. [PMID: 34576070 PMCID: PMC8468793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) are one of the most prevalent malignancies, with a low five-year survival rate, thus warranting more effective drugs or therapy to improve treatment outcomes. Melatonin has been demonstrated to exhibit oncostatic effects. In this study, we explored the anti-cancer effects of melatonin on OSCCs and the underlying mechanisms. A human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line (SCC-15) was treated with 2 mM melatonin, followed by transwell migration and invasion assays. Relative expression levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 (FGF19) was identified by Cytokine Array and further verified by qPCR and Western blot. Overexpression and downregulation of FGF19 were obtained by adding exogenous hFGF19 and FGF19 shRNA lentivirus, respectively. Invasion and migration abilities of SCC-15 cells were suppressed by melatonin, in parallel with the decreased FGF19/FGFR4 expression level. Exogenous hFGF19 eliminated the inhibitory effects of melatonin on SCC-15 cells invasion and migration, while FGF19 knocking-down showed similar inhibitory activities with melatonin. This study proves that melatonin suppresses SCC-15 cells invasion and migration through blocking the FGF19/FGFR4 pathway, which enriches our knowledge on the anticancer effects of melatonin. Blocking the FGF19/FGFR4 pathway by melatonin could be a promising alternative for OSCCs prevention and management, which would facilitate further development of novel strategies to combat OSCCs.
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Dai Y, Peng L, Liu Y, Xu Y, Qiao J. Melatonin binds with high affinity and specificity to beta-amyloid: LC-MS provides insight into Alzheimer's disease treatment. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:2800-2806. [PMID: 34428352 PMCID: PMC8487044 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the potential relationship between melatonin and beta-amyloid (Abeta), we established a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method to quantitatively analyze melatonin, deuterated isotopes (melatonin-D4), and internal standard 6-iodo-2-(4'-dimethylamino-) phenyl-imidazo(1,2) pyridine (IMPY) under positive (+) mode. The gradient elution was set to 6 min, and the corresponding peak time of melatonin and its isotope melatonin-D4 was 3.14 min, while the peak time for the internal standard IMPY was 3.24 min. Next, we established and optimized the molecule receptor saturation binding assay based on LC-MS to determine the melatonin affinity for beta-amyloid (Abeta). Melatonin showed a high and specific binding for Abeta. The corresponding equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of melatonin with Abeta 1-40 and Abeta 1-42 was 814.37 ± 36.62 and 628.33 ± 13.57 nmol·L-1 ; besides, the Kd of melatonin with mixed plaques (1-40 and 1-42) was 461.13 ± 45.37 nmol·L-1 . The results may suggest the potential mechanism of action of MT on Abeta and provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of MT treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liduo Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinping Qiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Mortality prediction by serum melatonin levels of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurol Sci 2021; 43:1859-1864. [PMID: 34350514 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05386-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In one study, higher serum melatonin levels have been reported at diagnosis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in non-surviving than in surviving patients. Now, we carried out this study with the aims to explore whether blood melatonin concentrations in the first 7 days of ICH are different in survivor and non-survivor patients and whether are useful in the prediction of mortality. METHODS Six Spanish hospitals participated in this observational study of patients with severe supratentorial ICH (defining severe as Glasgow Coma Scale < 9). We determined serum melatonin levels during the first, fourth, and eighth day of severe ICH. RESULTS Surviving (n = 64) compared to non-surviving (n = 53) patients showed lower serum melatonin levels during the first (p < 0.001), fourth (p < 0.001), and eighth day (p < 0.001) of severe ICH. We found in multiple logistic regression analysis an association between serum melatonin levels and 30-day mortality (odds ratio = 8.932; 95% CI = 2.442-32.665; p = 0.001) controlling for midline shift, ICH score, early evacuation of ICH, and glycemia. We found an AUC (95% CI) for the mortality prediction of 0.90 (0.83-0.95; p < 0.001), 0.94 (0.87-0.98; p < 0.001), and 0.90 (0.81-0.96; p < 0.001) by serum melatonin concentrations during the first, fourth, and eighth day. CONCLUSIONS In our current study, it appears that novel findings of serum melatonin levels recollected at any moment during the first 7 days of a severe ICH were higher in non-survivor than in survivor patients and could help in mortality prediction.
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Omeiza NA, Abdulrahim HA, Alagbonsi AI, Ezurike PU, Soluoku TK, Isiabor H, Alli-Oluwafuyi AA. Melatonin salvages lead-induced neuro-cognitive shutdown, anxiety, and depressive-like symptoms via oxido-inflammatory and cholinergic mechanisms. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e2227. [PMID: 34087957 PMCID: PMC8413791 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lead is the most used nonphysiological neurotoxic heavy metal in the world that has been indicated to interfere with the cognitive and noncognitive processes via numerous mechanisms. The neuroprotective effect of melatonin is well known, but the effect of its interaction with lead in the brain remains inconclusive. OBJECTIVE To assess the therapeutic role of melatonin on cognitive deficit, anxiety and depressive-like symptoms in matured male Wistar rats exposed to a subchronic lead chloride (PbCl2 ). METHODS Twenty male Wistar rats were blindly randomized into four groups (n = 5/group): group 1 to 4 underwent intragastric administration of physiological saline (10 ml/kg; vehicle), PbCl2 (50 mg/kg), melatonin (10 mg/kg) and PbCl2 + melatonin respectively for a period of 4 weeks during which neurobehavioral data were extracted, followed by neurochemical and histopathological evaluations. RESULTS Exposure to PbCl2 reduced cognitive performance by increasing the escape latency and average proximity to the platform zone border, decreasing average path length in the platform zone, cognitive score, and time spent in probing. It raised the thigmotaxis percentage, time spent in rearing, number of pellet-like feces, and time spent in the dark compartment of a bright/dark box which are predictors of anxiety. It also induced depressive-like behavior as immobility time was enhanced. PbCl2 deranged neurochemicals; malondialdehyde, interlukin-1β, and tumor necrotic factor-α were increased while superoxide dismutase and acetylcholinesterase were decreased without remarkable alteration in reduced glutathione and nitric oxide. Administration of PbCl2 further disrupted neuronal settings of hippocampal proper and dentate gyrus. In contrast, the supplementation of melatonin reversed all the neurological consequences of PbCl2 neurotoxicity by eliciting its properties against oxidative and nonoxidative action of PbCl2 . CONCLUSION These findings suggest that melatonin down-regulates neurotoxicant interplays in the brain systems. Therefore, this study suggests the use of melatonin as an adjuvant therapy in neuropathological disorders/dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah A Omeiza
- Neuropharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Halimat A Abdulrahim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Abdullateef I Alagbonsi
- Department of Clinical Biology (Physiology), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye, Southern Province, Republic of Rwanda
| | - Precious U Ezurike
- Neuropharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Talha K Soluoku
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Happy Isiabor
- Neuropharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Abdulmusawwir A Alli-Oluwafuyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
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Ogunlade B, Adelakun SA, Ukwenya VO, Elemoso TT. Potentiating response of D- Ribose-L-Cysteine on Sodium arsenate- induced hormonal imbalance, spermatogenesis impairments and histomorphometric alterations in adult male Wistar rat. JBRA Assist Reprod 2021; 25:358-367. [PMID: 34105922 PMCID: PMC8312294 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20200109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Reproductive toxicity is an important health challenge, mostly associated with exposure to several environmental toxicants. Arsenic is a ubiquitous toxic compound naturally present in the environment. This study was carried out to evaluate the dietary supplements of D-Ribose-L-Cysteine against sodium arsenate-induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 32 male rats (150-250g) were randomly divided into four (4) groups (n=8). Group A received normal saline as placebo; Group B received 8mg/kg BW of Sodium arsenate only; Group C received 8mg/kg BW of Sodium arsenate and 10 mg/kg BW of D-Ribose- L-cysteine; Group D received 8mg/kg BW of Sodium arsenate and 30 mg/kg BW of D-Ribose- L-cysteine. All administration was done via oral gavage for 28 days, thereafter the animals were sedated with pentobarbital sodium (intraperitoneally); we obtained testes and blood serum for analysis. Results: The results showed abnormal testicular morphology with degeneration and decrease in spermatogonia, vacuolation and empty lumen, intense necrosis, spermatogenesis disruption (decrease sperm count, motility, viability) and degraded germinal epithelium of the seminiferous tubules, reduction in the hormone profile (FSH, LH, and TT) and oxidative stress parameters (CAT, GSH, and SOD) with a corresponding increase in MDA level in the arsenic-only treated rats (group B) compared to their control counterparts (group A), but it was ameliorated after DRLC administration, both in low and high doses, respectively. Conclusions: D-Ribose-L-Cysteine attenuated distorted testicular morphology, altered semen characteristics, hormone profile, and oxidative stress markers by preventing the deleterious toxicity of sodium arsenate.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ogunlade
- Human Anatomy Department, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State
| | - S A Adelakun
- Human Anatomy Department, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State
| | - V O Ukwenya
- Human Anatomy Department, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State
| | - T T Elemoso
- Human Anatomy Department, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State
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Maleki M, Khelghati N, Alemi F, Younesi S, Asemi Z, Abolhasan R, Bazdar M, Samadi-Kafil H, Yousefi B. Multiple interactions between melatonin and non-coding RNAs in cancer biology. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:323-340. [PMID: 33905613 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The melatonin hormone secreted by the pineal gland is involved in physiological functions such as growth and maturation, circadian cycles, and biological activities including antioxidants, anti-tumor, and anti-ischemia. Melatonin not only interacts with proteins but also has functional effects on regulatory RNAs such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). In this study, we overview various physiological and pathological conditions affecting melatonin through lncRNA and miRNA. The information compiled herein will serve as a solid foundation to formulate ideas for future mechanistic studies on melatonin. It will also provide a chance to more clarify the emerging functions of the non-coding transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masomeh Maleki
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Khelghati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Simin Younesi
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Rozita Abolhasan
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute (SCARM), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahtab Bazdar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Bahman Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Elsayed NA, Boyer TM, Burd I. Fetal Neuroprotective Strategies: Therapeutic Agents and Their Underlying Synaptic Pathways. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2021; 13:680899. [PMID: 34248595 PMCID: PMC8262796 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.680899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic signaling is integral for proper brain function. During fetal development, exposure to inflammation or mild hypoxic-ischemic insult may lead to synaptic changes and neurological damage that impairs future brain function. Preterm neonates are most susceptible to these deleterious outcomes. Evaluating clinically used and novel fetal neuroprotective measures is essential for expanding treatment options to mitigate the short and long-term consequences of fetal brain injury. Magnesium sulfate is a clinical fetal neuroprotective agent utilized in cases of imminent preterm birth. By blocking N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, magnesium sulfate reduces glutamatergic signaling, which alters calcium influx, leading to a decrease in excitotoxicity. Emerging evidence suggests that melatonin and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) may also serve as novel putative fetal neuroprotective candidates. Melatonin has important anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and is a known mediator of synaptic plasticity and neuronal generation. While NAC acts as an antioxidant and a precursor to glutathione, it also modulates the glutamate system. Glutamate excitotoxicity and dysregulation can induce perinatal preterm brain injury through damage to maturing oligodendrocytes and neurons. The improved drug efficacy and delivery of the dendrimer-bound NAC conjugate provides an opportunity for enhanced pharmacological intervention. Here, we review recent literature on the synaptic pathways underlying these therapeutic strategies, discuss the current gaps in knowledge, and propose future directions for the field of fetal neuroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada A. Elsayed
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Theresa M. Boyer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Irina Burd
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Kaczmarek-Szczepańska B, Ostrowska J, Kozłowska J, Szota Z, Brożyna AA, Dreier R, Reiter RJ, Slominski AT, Steinbrink K, Kleszczyński K. Evaluation of Polymeric Matrix Loaded with Melatonin for Wound Dressing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115658. [PMID: 34073402 PMCID: PMC8197906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of scaffolds mimicking the extracellular matrix containing bioactive substances has great potential in tissue engineering and wound healing applications. This study investigates melatonin-a methoxyindole present in almost all biological systems. Melatonin is a bioregulator in terms of its potential clinical importance for future therapies of cutaneous diseases. Mammalian skin is not only a prominent melatonin target, but also produces and rapidly metabolizes the multifunctional methoxyindole to biologically active metabolites. In our methodology, chitosan/collagen (CTS/Coll)-contained biomaterials are blended with melatonin at different doses to fabricate biomimetic hybrid scaffolds. We use rat tail tendon- and Salmo salar fish skin-derived collagens to assess biophysical and cellular properties by (i) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR), (ii) thermogravimetric analysis (TG), (iii) scanning electron microscope (SEM), and (iv) proliferation ratio of cutaneous cells in vitro. Our results indicate that melatonin itself does not negatively affect biophysical properties of melatonin-immobilized hybrid scaffolds, but it induces a pronounced elevation of cell viability within human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK), dermal fibroblasts (NHDF), and reference melanoma cells. These results demonstrate that this indoleamine accelerates re-epithelialization. This delivery is a promising technique for additional explorations in future dermatotherapy and protective skin medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Kaczmarek-Szczepańska
- Department of Biomaterials and Cosmetics Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (B.K.-S.); (J.O.); (J.K.)
| | - Justyna Ostrowska
- Department of Biomaterials and Cosmetics Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (B.K.-S.); (J.O.); (J.K.)
| | - Justyna Kozłowska
- Department of Biomaterials and Cosmetics Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (B.K.-S.); (J.O.); (J.K.)
| | - Zofia Szota
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (Z.S.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Anna A. Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (Z.S.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Rita Dreier
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Waldeyerstraße 15, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kerstin Steinbrink
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Konrad Kleszczyński
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-251-83-56523; Fax: +49-251-83-58646
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Durdagi G, Pehlivan DY, Oyar EO, Bahceci SA, Ozbek M. Effects of Melatonin and Adrenomedullin in Reducing the Cardiotoxic Effects of Doxorubicin in Rats. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:354-364. [PMID: 33389601 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-020-09625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The main disadvantage of doxorubicin (DOX) is that it has cardiotoxic side effects. Our aim is to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of adrenomedullin (ADM) and to compare these effects with melatonin (MEL), it's cardioprotective effects are well known. Rats were divided into four groups: Control group (0.9% NaCl solution, intravenously), Doxorubicin group (45 mg/kg DOX, intravenously), Doxorubicin + Melatonin group (DOX + MEL, 10 mg/kg melatonin, intraperitoneally), Doxorubicin + Adrenomedullin group (DOX + ADM, 12 µg/kg adrenomedullin, intraperitoneally). A single dose of DOX was injected to the experimental groups on day 5, and a single dose of 0.9% NaCl solution was injected to the control group through the tail vein. The animals were anesthetized and ECG recordings were obtained on day 8. For the purpose of biochemical and histological analysis, cardiac tissue biopsy was obtained after ECG recordings. Compared to the control group, the DOX group had significantly increased duration of QRS complex, PR interval, QT interval and QTc interval. QRS complex, QT interval and QTc interval were prolonged with the administration of DOX and shortened with the administration of ADM. MEL weakened the toxic effects of DOX on the cardiac tissue and it is shown histologically. DOX increased interleukins (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-18), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels in cardiac tissue, while reducing total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels. MEL administration decreased the levels of CK-MB, MDA, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-18, NO, and TNF-α, whereas ADM only decreased IL-1α, IL-18, MDA and TNF-α levels. In summary, these results show that DOX has toxic effects on rat cardiac tissue which is documented histologically, electrocardiographically and biochemically. MEL alleviated histological damage and showed improvement on the several biochemical parameters of cardiac tissue. ADM brought several electrocardiographic and biochemical parameters closer to normal values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcin Durdagi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Deniz Yildiz Pehlivan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Eser Oz Oyar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Selen Akyol Bahceci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozbek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
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Caruso GI, Spampinato SF, Costantino G, Merlo S, Sortino MA. SIRT1-Dependent Upregulation of BDNF in Human Microglia Challenged with Aβ: An Early but Transient Response Rescued by Melatonin. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050466. [PMID: 33923297 PMCID: PMC8145207 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia represent a first-line defense in the brain. However, in pathological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a pro-inflammatory switch may occur, leading to loss of protective functions. Using the human microglial cell line HMC3, we showed that exposure to low concentrations of β-amyloid peptide 1-42 (Aβ42; 0.2 μM) initially (6 h) upregulated anti-inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF increase was prevented by selective inhibition of SIRT1 with EX527 (2 μM). Accordingly, these early effects were accompanied by a significant Aβ42-induced increase of SIRT1 expression, nuclear localization, and activity. SIRT1 modulation involved adenosine monophosphate-regulated kinase (AMPK), which was promptly (30 min) phosphorylated by Aβ42, while the AMPK inhibitor BML-275 (2 μM) attenuated Aβ42-induced SIRT1 increase. Initially observed microglial responses appeared transient, as microglial features changed when exposure to Aβ42 was prolonged (0.2 μM for 72 h). While SIRT1 and BDNF levels were reduced, the expression of inflammatory markers IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α increased. This coincided with a rise in NF-kB nuclear localization. The effects of melatonin (1 μM) on prolonged microglial exposure to Aβ42 were analyzed for their protective potential. Melatonin was able to prolong SIRT1 and BDNF upregulation, as well as to prevent NF-kB nuclear translocation and acetylation. These effects were sensitive to the melatonin receptor antagonist, luzindole (25 μM). In conclusion, our data define an early microglial defensive response to Aβ42, featuring SIRT1-mediated BDNF upregulation that can be exogenously modulated by melatonin, thus identifying an important target for neuroprotection.
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Melatonin ameliorates cypermethrin-induced impairments by regulating oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in porcine Sertoli cells. Theriogenology 2021; 167:67-76. [PMID: 33774368 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cypermethrin (CYP) is a widely used insecticide that may be harmful to nontarget species. However, the toxicity of CYP to porcine Sertoli cells (SCs) and its associated mechanism is not known. We investigated the toxicity of CYP and showed that CYP induced cytotoxicity in porcine SCs in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistic investigations revealed that CYP induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in porcine SCs, which provoked mitochondria-associated apoptosis. CYP also stimulated the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to induce porcine SC apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation via the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) expression. The natural antioxidant melatonin had an obvious protective effect against CYP-induced porcine SC toxicity. Overall, our results reveal that the mechanism underlying CYP-induced toxicity in porcine SCs involves oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis and suggest that melatonin may be used as a highly effective protective agent against oxidative stress.
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Melatonin protects rats testes against bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin-induced toxicity via mitigating nitro-oxidative stress and apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111481. [PMID: 33752059 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing concern that some cytotoxic regimens for cancer adversely affect spermatogenesis and male fertility. Increasing evidence demonstrated that melatonin has beneficial impacts on reproductive processes; however, whether melatonin can protect against bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy regimen-induced testicular toxicity, remains obscure. The present study aimed to explore the effect of melatonin on BEP-evoked testicular injury in rats. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 10/group) were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with one cycle of 21 days of 0.33 therapeutically relevant dose levels of BEP (.5 mg/kg bleomycin, 5 mg/kg etoposide, and 1 mg/kg cisplatin) with or without melatonin. At the end of the study, sperm parameters, testosterone level, stereology of testes, testicular levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the expression of apoptosis-associated genes such as Bcl2, Bax, Caspase-3, p53, and TNF-α (Real-time PCR and Immunohistochemistry) were evaluated. Our findings showed that melatonin restored spermatogenesis by improving sperm count, motility, viability, and morphology. Testosterone level, histopathology, and stereology of testes were significantly improved in melatonin-administrated groups. Furthermore, melatonin recovered the oxidative status of the testes through elevating TAC and ameliorating MDA and NO levels. More importantly, melatonin therapy suppressed BEP-evoked apoptosis by modulating Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, p53, and TNF-α expression in testes. In conclusion, melatonin protects the testes against BEP-induced testicular damage by attenuating nitro-oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation, which provides evidence for melatonin as a possible clinical therapy against BEP-associated gonadotoxicity and male sub/infertility.
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Yadav K, Das M, Hassan N, Mishra A, Lahiri J, Dubey AK, Yadav SK, Parmar AS. Synthesis and characterization of novel protein nanodots as drug delivery carriers with an enhanced biological efficacy of melatonin in breast cancer cells. RSC Adv 2021; 11:9076-9085. [PMID: 35423422 PMCID: PMC8695413 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08959a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a potent antioxidant, chemotherapeutic and chemo preventive agent against breast cancer. However, its short half-life is one of the major limitations in its application as a therapeutic drug. To overcome this issue, the green-emitting protein nanodot (PND) was synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method for loading melatonin. The synthesized pH-7 and pH-2 PND showed a quantum yield of 22.1% and 14.0%, respectively. The physicochemical characterization of both PNDs showed similar morphological and functional activities. Furthermore, the biological efficacy of melatonin-loaded PND (MPND) was evaluated in a breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) for live-cell imaging and enhanced nano-drug delivery efficacy. Interestingly, the permeability of neutral pH PND in both cell cytoplasm and nucleus nullifies the limitations of real-time live-cell imaging, and ensures nuclear drug delivery efficacy. Neutral pH PND showed better cell viability and cytotoxicity as a fluorescence bioimaging probe compared to acidic PND. The bioavailability and cell cytotoxicity effect of MPND on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were studied through confocal and migration assay. Results showed that MPND causes enhanced bioavailability, better cellular uptake, and inhibition of the migration of breast cancer cells as compared to the drug alone. Besides, the synthesized MPND showed no sign of fluorescence quenching even at a high concentration of melatonin, making it an ideal nanocarrier for bioimaging and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Yadav
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi-221005 India
| | - Megha Das
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, BHU Varanasi India
| | - Nurul Hassan
- Department of Physics, University of Hyderabad Hyderabad India
| | - Archana Mishra
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India
| | - Jayeeta Lahiri
- Department of Physics, University of Hyderabad Hyderabad India
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Dubey
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi India
| | | | - Avanish Singh Parmar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi-221005 India
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Bonmati-Carrion MA, Tomas-Loba A. Melatonin and Cancer: A Polyhedral Network Where the Source Matters. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020210. [PMID: 33535472 PMCID: PMC7912767 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is one of the most phylogenetically conserved signals in biology. Although its original function was probably related to its antioxidant capacity, this indoleamine has been “adopted” by multicellular organisms as the “darkness signal” when secreted in a circadian manner and is acutely suppressed by light at night by the pineal gland. However, melatonin is also produced by other tissues, which constitute its extrapineal sources. Apart from its undisputed chronobiotic function, melatonin exerts antioxidant, immunomodulatory, pro-apoptotic, antiproliferative, and anti-angiogenic effects, with all these properties making it a powerful antitumor agent. Indeed, this activity has been demonstrated to be mediated by interfering with various cancer hallmarks, and different epidemiological studies have also linked light at night (melatonin suppression) with a higher incidence of different types of cancer. In 2007, the World Health Organization classified night shift work as a probable carcinogen due to circadian disruption, where melatonin plays a central role. Our aim is to review, from a global perspective, the role of melatonin both from pineal and extrapineal origin, as well as their possible interplay, as an intrinsic factor in the incidence, development, and progression of cancer. Particular emphasis will be placed not only on those mechanisms related to melatonin’s antioxidant nature but also on the recently described novel roles of melatonin in microbiota and epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Angeles Bonmati-Carrion
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, 28090 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.-A.B.-C.); (A.T.-L.)
| | - Antonia Tomas-Loba
- Circadian Rhythm and Cancer Laboratory, Department of Physiology, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.-A.B.-C.); (A.T.-L.)
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