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Martin JL, Rowley JA, Goel N, Heller HC, Gurubhagavatula I, DelRosso LM, Rodriguez A, Clark M, Rice-Conboy L. "Count on Sleep": an OSA awareness project update. J Clin Sleep Med 2024; 20:303-307. [PMID: 37861414 PMCID: PMC10835781 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common, chronic sleep-related breathing disorder that affects approximately 12% of the US adult population. Greater public awareness of OSA is necessary to decrease the number of people with undiagnosed or untreated OSA and reduce the negative health consequences of unrecognized OSA. In 2021, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine initiated the "Count on Sleep" project in partnership with key stakeholders with the objective of raising the awareness of OSA among the public, health care providers, and public health officials. Four workgroups implemented strategies and completed tasks focused on increasing OSA awareness in their targeted areas to address the objectives of the project including (1) Public Awareness and Communications, (2) Provider Education, (3) Tool Development and Surveillance, and (4) a Strategic Planning workgroup that coordinated efforts across the project. Over the first 2 years, workgroups made substantial progress toward project goals including holding "listening sessions" with representatives of communities disproportionately affected by OSA and its consequences, developing resources for primary care providers that can be easily accessed and used in practice, and developing a brief survey for use in estimating and tracking OSA risk across the population. Over the first 2 project years, workgroups made significant progress in advancing efforts to increase awareness of OSA in US communities. The third year of the project will focus on dissemination of campaign materials and resources for all targeted groups, including the public, health care professionals, and public health professionals. CITATION Martin JL, Rowley J, Goel N, et al. "Count on Sleep": an OSA awareness project update. J Clin Sleep Med. 2024;20(2):303-307.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Martin
- Veteran Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, California
- David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Namni Goel
- Biological Rhythms Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - H Craig Heller
- Biology Department, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Indira Gurubhagavatula
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Alcibiades Rodriguez
- New York University Langone Health Comprehensive Epilepsy Center-Sleep Center, Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Melissa Clark
- American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Darien, Illinois
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Dudley MZ, Squires GK, Petroske TM, Dawson S, Brewer J. The Use of Narrative in Science and Health Communication: A Scoping Review. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2023; 112:107752. [PMID: 37068426 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.107752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many people deny science and reject health recommendations despite widely distributed facts and statistics. Didactic science and health communication is often dry, and relies on the false assumption that people make purely evidence-based decisions. Stories can be a powerful teaching tool by capturing attention and evoking emotion. OBJECTIVE We explore the impact and appeal of, and describe best practices for, using narrative (storytelling) versus didactic methods in science and health communication. PATIENT INVOLVEMENT No patients were involved in the review process. METHODS We searched PubMed and Web of Science for articles either: assessing effectiveness of narrative science/health communication; assessing acceptability of (or preference for) narrative science/health communication; giving advice on how best to use narrative; and/or providing science-based explanations for how/why narrative succeeds. RESULTS Narrative science/health communication is effective and appealing for audiences across a variety of topics and mediums, with supporting evidence across fields such as epidemiology, neuroscience, and psychology. Whether narrative or didactic messaging is most effective depends on the topic, audience, and objective, as well as message quality. However, combining narrative with didactic methods is likely to be more effective than using either strategy alone. DISCUSSION Narrative science/health communication merits wider implementation and further research. Narrative communication creates openness to information by delaying the formulation of counterarguments. PRACTICAL VALUE Science and health communicators should collaborate with cultural and storytelling experts, work directly with their target audiences throughout the message development and testing processes, and rely on popular story elements (e.g., first-person point of view, relatable protagonists) to improve the comprehension, engagement, and thoughtful consideration of their intended audience. FUNDING This work was funded by Thirty Meter Telescope, with which two authors (GKS and SD) were affiliated. Otherwise, the funding organization had no role in the study and/or submission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Z Dudley
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, w5041, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for Vaccine Safety, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, w5041, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Gordon K Squires
- California Institute of Technology / IPAC, 1200 E California Blvd, 315 Keith Spalding, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | | | - Sandra Dawson
- Thirty Meter Telescope International Observatory, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Janesse Brewer
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, w5041, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for Vaccine Safety, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, w5041, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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3
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Honaker SM, Gopalkrishnan A, Brann M, Wiehe S, Clark AA, Chung A. “It made all the difference”: a qualitative study of parental experiences with pediatric obstructive sleep apnea detection. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:1921-1931. [PMID: 35499142 PMCID: PMC9340584 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To assess parental experience of their child's obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) detection process and inform the development of interventions and health communication strategies to improve OSA detection. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with 30 parents of children (ages 3-14) who snored and were referred for an overnight polysomnogram (PSG). Parents (60.0% Black race, 93.3% mothers) described how their child was referred for PSG and their perceptions and feelings throughout the detection process. Parents also completed an OSA knowledge measure. Interview data were analyzed using a descriptive approach and thematic analysis was conducted using the NVivo 12 software system. RESULTS Twenty-one themes were identified across 5 categories (first steps; PSG facilitators and barriers; health information; health care experiences; parent experiences). Respondents experienced multiple pathways to OSA detection, with more than half of referrals initiated by parental concerns (vs. screening efforts). Parents reported a willingness to take any necessary steps to help their child. Both barriers and facilitators to completing a PSG were described. Parents observed both nighttime and daytime symptoms related to OSA in their child but often did not connect the symptoms to each other until later in the process. Participants had varying degrees of OSA knowledge, with a mean knowledge score of 56% correct (range 10%-90% correct). CONCLUSIONS Parental experiences highlight aspects of the health care system that are both effective and ineffective in detecting children with OSA. Implications include a need for strategies to promote timely detection and to provide parents with accurate information about pediatric OSA. CITATION Honaker SM, Gopalkrishnan A, Brann M, Wiehe S, Clark AA, Chung A. "It made all the difference": a qualitative study of parental experiences ith pediatric obstructive sleep apnea detection. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(8):1921-1931.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Honaker
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Akila Gopalkrishnan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch
| | - Maria Brann
- Department of Communication Studies, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis
| | - Sarah Wiehe
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Ann A. Clark
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Alicia Chung
- Center for Early Childhood Health and Development, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
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4
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Cohen SM, Howard JJ, Jin MC, Qian J, Capasso R. Racial Disparities in Surgical Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. OTO Open 2022; 6:2473974X221088870. [PMID: 35321423 PMCID: PMC8935572 DOI: 10.1177/2473974x221088870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Determine risk factors for failure to receive surgical treatment among patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Study Design Population-based observational longitudinal cohort study. Setting Population-based database. Methods Multivariate analysis of 500,792 individuals with obstructive sleep apnea from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart database (2004-2018). Results Black race, increased age, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, obesity, and congestive heart failure were independently associated with a decreased rate of surgery for obstructive sleep apnea. Asian race, hypertension, arrhythmias other than atrial fibrillation, pulmonary disease, and liver disease were independently associated with an increased rate of surgery for obstructive sleep apnea. Conclusion Racial disparities in health outcomes related to health care access and in economic resources have an enormous impact on public health and social equity. We found differences in rates of surgery for obstructive sleep apnea based on race. These data are consistent with others demonstrating disparities in medical treatment of sleep apnea with positive pressure and underline a need for a change in awareness and treatment in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel M. Cohen
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Javier J.M. Howard
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michael C. Jin
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jason Qian
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Robson Capasso
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Lu D, Mohamed EA, Covassin N, Chahal CAA, Mansukhani MP, St Louis EK, Somers VK. Frequency of sleep-disordered breathing in a referral population of Somali-Americans. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 16:1343-1347. [PMID: 32367798 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.8544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To study the frequency of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in individuals of Somali ancestry referred to a clinical sleep laboratory. METHODS This was a retrospective study using a large registry of patients who underwent diagnostic polysomnography between 17 November 2009 and 15 April 2017. Adult patients self-reporting as being of Somali origin were confirmed using the electronic medical record. RESULTS Somali-American patients comprised approximately 0.2% of all patients undergoing polysomnography at the Mayo Clinic Center for Sleep Medicine. The median (interquartile range) age was 52.6 (35, 64) years with 66% males and a median (interquartile range) body mass index of 31.2 (27, 34) kg/m². OSA was diagnosed in 77% of patients, with approximately 50% having moderate to severe OSA. OSA was more frequent in older patients and similar between men and women, and only age predicted an OSA diagnosis while sex and body mass index did not. All patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (n = 7) and all but one of the hypertensive patients (n = 11) had significant OSA. CONCLUSIONS Less than 0.2% of all patients undergoing polysomnography at Mayo Clinic were of Somali origin. Moderate-to-severe OSA was frequent in this select sample of individuals who underwent polysomnography. Hypertension and diabetes were present in most Somali-Americans with OSA. Given the rising prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in Somali-Americans, and the likely high prevalence of undiagnosed OSA, screening Somali-Americans for sleep disorders may contribute importantly to prevention, early detection, and reduction of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Essa A Mohamed
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Naima Covassin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - C Anwar A Chahal
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Erik K St Louis
- Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Virend K Somers
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Aalaei S, Amini M, Rezaeitalab F, Asadpour H, Tabesh H, Khoshrounejad F, Eslami S, Afshari Saleh L. Evaluating the effect of an educational intervention on the adherence rate to sleep study: A multi-centered stratified randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244496. [PMID: 33412570 PMCID: PMC7790540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An appropriate diagnosis and effective treatment of sleep apnea can improve the associated quality of care and reduce morbidities. The study aims to develop and evaluate an educational intervention tailored to patients’ needs in order to increase the rate of patients’ adherence to physician's prescription for a sleep test. A multi-center, stratified, 2 parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted. The patients in the intervention group received the educational booklets on sleep apnea and sleep test which was designed based on the extracted factors through an in-depth interview with patients. All participants were contacted after two months to ask whether they completed an assessment for OSA. A total number of 1,650 individuals were screened. Finally, 104 participants were randomized to the control group (n = 50) or intervention group (n = 45) that did not differ significantly in baseline characteristics. The results of the intention to treat analysis indicate that patients in the intervention group were significantly more adherent to attend a sleep assessment for their OSA risk (30%; n = 15/50) than the patients in the control group (11.1%; n = 5/45, P <0.05). Age, history of diabetes, and the educational intervention were effective in performing the sleep test. Time limitations, Condition improvement, and high cost of diagnostic test were the most barriers, respectively. The intervention was successful in improving the adherence rate of patients to prescribed sleep test. However, the adherence rate to sleep study testing is still far from desirable and requires more complex interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoufeh Aalaei
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Amini
- Lung Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fariborz Rezaeitalab
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hadi Asadpour
- Sleep Laboratory of Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Tabesh
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnaz Khoshrounejad
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeid Eslami
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Informatics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lahya Afshari Saleh
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- * E-mail:
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Masoud O, Ramsay M, Suh ES, Kaltsakas G, Srivastava S, Pattani H, Marino P, Murphy PB, Hart N, Steier J. Long-term adherence to home mechanical ventilation: a 10-year retrospective, single-centre cohort study. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:S120-S128. [PMID: 33214917 PMCID: PMC7642640 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-cus-2020-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Sleep-disordered breathing (SBD) can be associated with hypercapnic respiratory failure (HRF). Home Mechanical Ventilation (HMV) is the preferred long-term treatment for patients with chronic HRF. We reviewed the database of a large tertiary referral centre for HMV to study the long-term adherence to HMV in chronic hypercapnic patients. Methods Data on adherence and characteristics of patients who received HMV for the treatment of SDB were collected over a decade using electronic patient records. The primary outcome parameter in this study was annual non-adherence rate (patients with HMV usage of <4 hours/night in the service divided by the number of all new patients of the same year), secondary outcomes were patients’ characteristics and reasons for low adherence. HMV adherence clinics were established to improve uptake. Results Two thousand and two hundred twenty-eight patients with HRF were under active follow-up on HMV at the end of the recording period. In contrast, a total of 1,900 patients had their HMV contracts terminated over the course of a decade (due to non-adherence, transfer to other services or death). Out of those, 222 patients {62 [52–72] years, body-mass index, BMI 40 [35–43] kg/m2, 58.1% male, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, ESS 9 [4–15] points, 4% oxygen desaturation index, 4%ODI 32 [20–71] × hour−1, TcCO2 6.6 [6.0–7.2] kPa} met the non-adherence criteria (nocturnal usage 0–4 hours). The annual non-adherence rate was 25.5% of all new setups in 2010, and declined to 3.4% in 2019 (relative reduction of 86%, P<0.001). Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea/Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome (58.2%), Neuromuscular Diseases (NMD) (26.8%) and COPD (13.6%) accounted for most cases of this non-adherent cohort. The vast majority of the patients (96.1%) were established on full-face masks. In 23.4% of patients, substantial weight loss (>10%) was the most common reason for low adherence; general displeasure (21.3%), uncontrolled symptoms (12.8%), claustrophobia (6.7%), mood (4.8%) and mask intolerance (4.3%) caused problems as well. Conclusions Non-adherence to HMV in patients with chronic HRF can affect significant proportions of patients. However, the non-adherent rate substantially decreases when individual treatment solutions are offered in multi-disciplinary clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Masoud
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michelle Ramsay
- Lane Fox Unit, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Eui-Sik Suh
- Lane Fox Unit, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Georgios Kaltsakas
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Lane Fox Unit, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Hina Pattani
- Lane Fox Unit, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Philip Marino
- Lane Fox Unit, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Patrick B Murphy
- Lane Fox Unit, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicholas Hart
- Lane Fox Unit, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Joerg Steier
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Lane Fox Unit, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Jean-Louis G, Robbins R, Williams NJ, Allegrante JP, Rapoport DM, Cohall A, Ogedegbe G. Tailored Approach to Sleep Health Education (TASHE): a randomized controlled trial of a web-based application. J Clin Sleep Med 2020; 16:1331-1341. [PMID: 32329437 PMCID: PMC7446084 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.8510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES In a randomized controlled trial, we compared the effect of the Tailored Approach to Sleep Health Education (TASHE) on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) self-efficacy among community-dwelling blacks in New York City. METHODS Study participants were 194 blacks at high risk for OSA based on the Apnea Risk Evaluation System. TASHE intervention was delivered via a Wi-Fi-enabled tablet, programmed to provide online access to culturally and linguistically tailored information designed to address unique barriers to OSA care among blacks. Blacks in the attention-controlled arm received standard sleep information via the National Sleep Foundation website. Blacks in both arms accessed online sleep information for 2 months. Outcomes (OSA health literacy, self-efficacy, knowledge and beliefs, and sleep hygiene) were assessed at baseline, at 2 months, and at 6 months. RESULTS We compared outcomes in both arms based on intention-to-treat analysis using adjusted Generalized Linear Mixed Modeling. TASHE exposure significantly increased OSA self-efficacy (OSA outcome expectation [β = .5; 95% CI: .1-.9] and OSA treatment efficacy [β = 0.4; 95% CI: .0-.8]) at 2 months but not at 6 months. Additionally, TASHE exposure improved sleep hygiene at 6 months (β = 6.7; 95% CI: 2.2-11.3) but not at 2 months. CONCLUSIONS Community-dwelling blacks exposed to TASHE materials reported increased OSA self-efficacy compared with standard sleep health education. Stakeholder-engaged, theory-based approaches, as demonstrated in the TASHE intervention, can be used successfully to deliver effective sleep health messages. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02507089; Identifier: NCT02507089.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girardin Jean-Louis
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavioral Change, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Rebecca Robbins
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Natasha J. Williams
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavioral Change, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - John P. Allegrante
- Columbia University Teachers College, New York, New York
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | | | - Alwyn Cohall
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Gbenga Ogedegbe
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavioral Change, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Chung A, Seixas A, Williams N, Senathirajah Y, Robbins R, Newsome Garcia V, Ravenell J, Jean-Louis G. Development of "Advancing People of Color in Clinical Trials Now!": Web-Based Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e17589. [PMID: 32673274 PMCID: PMC7388047 DOI: 10.2196/17589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in clinical trials among people of color remains low, compared with white subjects. This protocol describes the development of "Advancing People of Color in Clinical Trials Now!" (ACT Now!), a culturally tailored website designed to influence clinical trial decision making among people of color. OBJECTIVE This cluster randomized study aims to test the efficacy of a culturally tailored website to increase literacy, self-efficacy, and willingness to enroll in clinical trials among people of color. METHODS ACT Now! is a randomized trial including 2 groups: (1) intervention group (n=50) with access to the culturally tailored website and (2) control group (n=50) exposed to a standard clinical recruitment website. Clinical trial literacy and willingness to enroll in a clinical trial will be measured before and after exposure to the website corresponding to their assigned group (intervention or control). Surveys will be conducted at baseline and during the 1-month postintervention and 3-month follow-up. Website architecture and wireframing will be informed by the literature and experts in the field. Statistical analysis will be conducted using a two-tailed t test, with 80% power, at .05 alpha level, to increase clinical trial literacy, self-efficacy, and willingness to enroll in clinical trials 3 months post intervention. RESULTS We will design a culturally tailored website that will provide leverage for community stakeholders to influence clinical trial literacy, self-efficacy, and willingness to enroll in clinical trials among racial and ethnic groups. ACT Now! applies a community-based participatory research approach through the use of a community steering committee (CSC). The CSC provides input during the research study conception, development, implementation, and enrollment. CSC relationships help foster trust among communities of color. ACT Now! has the potential to fill a gap in clinical trial enrollment among people of color through an accessible web-based website. This study was funded in July 2017 and obtained institutional review board approval in spring 2017. As of December 2019, we had enrolled 100 participants. Data analyses are expected to be completed by June 2020, and expected results are to be published in fall 2020. CONCLUSIONS ACT Now! has the potential to fill an important gap in clinical trial enrollment among people of color through an accessible web-based website. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03243071; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00102401. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/17589.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Chung
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Azizi Seixas
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Yalini Senathirajah
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | | | - Joseph Ravenell
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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