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Wang Y, Le Y, Wu J, Zhao W, Zhang Q, Xu G, Gong Z, Xu M, Ma Y, Yu C, Cai S, Zhao H. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by allopurinol suppresses HMGB1 secretion and ameliorates experimental asthma. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103021. [PMID: 38219573 PMCID: PMC10825647 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.103021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a key mediator in driving allergic airway inflammation and contributes to asthma. Yet, mechanism of HMGB1 secretion in asthma is poorly defined. Pulmonary metabolic dysfunction is recently recognized as a driver of respiratory pathology. However, the altered metabolic signatures and the roles of metabolic to allergic airway inflammation remain unclear. METHODS Male C57BL/6 J mice were sensitized and challenged with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) to generate a chemically induced asthma model. Pulmonary untargeted metabolomics was employed. According to results, mice were orally administered allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor. Human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) were stimulated by TDI-human serum albumin (HSA). RESULTS We identified the purine metabolism was the most enriched pathway in TDI-exposed lungs, corresponding to the increase of xanthine and uric acid, products of purine degradation mediated by XO. Inhibition of XO by allopurinol ameliorates TDI-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage, mixed granulocytic airway inflammation and Th1, Th2 and Th17 immunology as well as HMGB1 acetylation and secretion. Mechanistically, HMGB1 acetylation was caused by decreased activation of the NAD+-sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) axis triggered by hyperactivation of the DNA damage sensor poly (ADP-ribose)-polymerase 1 (PARP-1). This was rescued by allopurinol, PARP-1 inhibitor or supplementation with NAD+ precursor in a SIRT1-dependent manner. Meanwhile, allopurinol attenuated Nrf2 defect due to SIRT1 inactivation to help ROS scavenge. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated a novel regulation of HMGB1 acetylation and secretion by purine metabolism that is critical for asthma onset. Allopurinol may have therapeutic potential in patients with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wang
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanqing Le
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenqu Zhao
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guiling Xu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhaoqian Gong
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Maosheng Xu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Changhui Yu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shaoxi Cai
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haijin Zhao
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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Kleniewska P, Pawliczak R. Alpha-lipoic acid, apocynin or probiotics influence glutathione status and selected inflammatory parameters in C57/BL6 mice when combined with a low-fat diet. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1166-1176. [PMID: 37730940 PMCID: PMC10539412 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to determine the potential of a low-fat diet (LFD) to protect against oxidative and inflammatory damage in the course of asthma and obesity when combined with antioxidants (alpha-lipoic acid-ALA, apocynin-APO) or a probiotic (P) (Lactobacillus casei). METHODS The experiments were carried out on ten groups of male C57/BL6 mice that were fed standard fat (SFD), low-fat (LFD), or high-fat (HFD) diets. Ovalbumin (OVA, administered subcutaneously and by inhalation) was used to sensitize the animals. IL-1α, IL-10, eotaxin-1, leptin, and TNF-α concentrations were examined in blood, while total glutathione (GSHt), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and -SH groups were measured in lung homogenates. RESULTS LFD in combination with the analyzed compounds (APO, P, ALA) significantly decreased the concentration of IL-1α compared to the OVA + HFD group (p < 0.01; p = 0.025; p = 0.002, respectively). Similarly, the treated mice demonstrated lower eotaxin-1 concentrations compared to the HFD group (p < 0.001). Moreover, supplementation of LFD with probiotics significantly increased the concentration of IL-10 vs. controls (p < 0.001) and vs. untreated OVA-sensitized and challenged/obese mice (p < 0.001). Animals administered APO/ALA with LFD displayed a significant decrease in TNF-α concentration compared to OVA + HFD mice (p = 0.013; p = 0.002 respectively). Those treated with ALA displayed significantly improved GSH levels (p = 0.035) compared to OVA + HFD mice. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of the tested compounds with LFD appears to have a positive influence on the glutathione redox status of pulmonary tissues and selected inflammatory parameters in mouse blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kleniewska
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Rafał Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland
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Shu P, Liang H, Zhang J, Lin Y, Chen W, Zhang D. Reactive oxygen species formation and its effect on CD4 + T cell-mediated inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199233. [PMID: 37304262 PMCID: PMC10249013 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced both enzymatically and non-enzymatically in vivo. Physiological concentrations of ROS act as signaling molecules that participate in various physiological and pathophysiological activities and play an important role in basic metabolic functions. Diseases related to metabolic disorders may be affected by changes in redox balance. This review details the common generation pathways of intracellular ROS and discusses the damage to physiological functions when the ROS concentration is too high to reach an oxidative stress state. We also summarize the main features and energy metabolism of CD4+ T-cell activation and differentiation and the effects of ROS produced during the oxidative metabolism of CD4+ T cells. Because the current treatment for autoimmune diseases damages other immune responses and functional cells in the body, inhibiting the activation and differentiation of autoreactive T cells by targeting oxidative metabolism or ROS production without damaging systemic immune function is a promising treatment option. Therefore, exploring the relationship between T-cell energy metabolism and ROS and the T-cell differentiation process provides theoretical support for discovering effective treatments for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dunfang Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Zhang S, Li T, Feng Y, Zhang K, Zou J, Weng X, Yuan Y, Zhang L. Exercise improves subchondral bone microenvironment through regulating bone-cartilage crosstalk. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1159393. [PMID: 37288291 PMCID: PMC10242115 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1159393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage degeneration has been proved to cause a variety of joint diseases, among which osteoarthritis is the most typical. Osteoarthritis is characterized by articular cartilage degeneration and persistent pain, which affects the quality of life of patients as well as brings a heavy burden to society. The occurrence and development of osteoarthritis is related to the disorder of the subchondral bone microenvironment. Appropriate exercise can improve the subchondral bone microenvironment, thus playing an essential role in preventing and treating osteoarthritis. However, the exact mechanism whereby exercise improves the subchondral bone microenvironment remains unclear. There is biomechanical interaction as well as biochemical crosstalk between bone and cartilage. And the crosstalk between bone and cartilage is the key to bone-cartilage homeostasis maintenance. From the perspective of biomechanical and biochemical crosstalk between bone and cartilage, this paper reviews the effects of exercise-mediated bone-cartilage crosstalk on the subchondral bone microenvironment, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of degenerative bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Feng
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keping Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiquan Weng
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
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Tang B, Tu J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Yu J, Shen L, Luo Q, Ye J. Diagnostic value and underlying mechanism of nasal nitric oxide in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Mol Immunol 2023; 159:1-14. [PMID: 37224640 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nitric oxide (NO) is an important messenger molecule widely present in the human body. However, the role of nasal NO (nNO) in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (Eos CRSwNP) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value and underlying mechanism of nNO in Eos CRSwNP. METHODS The medical records of 84 non-Eos CRSwNP patients, 55 Eos CRSwNP patients, and 37 control subjects were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnostic value of nNO for Eos CRSwNP was assessed. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and tight junctions (TJs) components claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 was detected in the nasal polyps. Primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) were co-treated with eNOS inhibitor (L-NAME) or Akt inhibitor (MK-2206), interleukin (IL)-13, and dexamethasone (Dex). The level of NO and the expression of TJs and Akt/eNOS pathways were examined. RESULTS The nNO levels of the CRSwNP group were significantly lower than those of the control group. Compared with the non-Eos CRSwNP group, the Eos CRSwNP group showed higher nNO level. The combination of nNO level, eosinophilic percentage, and posterior ethmoid score had a better predictive value for Eos CRSwNP (AUC = 0.855). The expression of iNOS, eNOS, and p-eNOS was higher in the CRSwNP groups than in the control group, and p-eNOS expression was higher in the Eos CRSwNP group than in the non-Eos CRSwNP group. The expression of TJs was lower in the Eos CRSwNP group than in the non-Eos CRSwNP and control group. IL-13 decreased TJ expression in HNECs, while Dex promoted Akt and eNOS phosphorylation, NO production and TJ expression. Furthermore, these effects of Dex were inhibited by L-NAME and MK-2206 in HNECs. CONCLUSION nNO may have a high diagnostic value in Eos CRSwNP, and Akt/eNOS pathway may promote the generation of NO to protect TJs. NO may have a potentially important role in the diagnosis and treatment of Eos CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binxiang Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Junhao Tu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Meiping Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jieqing Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China; Institute of Jiangxi Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Suegery, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China; Institute of Jiangxi Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Suegery, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.
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6
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Wise SK, Damask C, Roland LT, Ebert C, Levy JM, Lin S, Luong A, Rodriguez K, Sedaghat AR, Toskala E, Villwock J, Abdullah B, Akdis C, Alt JA, Ansotegui IJ, Azar A, Baroody F, Benninger MS, Bernstein J, Brook C, Campbell R, Casale T, Chaaban MR, Chew FT, Chambliss J, Cianferoni A, Custovic A, Davis EM, DelGaudio JM, Ellis AK, Flanagan C, Fokkens WJ, Franzese C, Greenhawt M, Gill A, Halderman A, Hohlfeld JM, Incorvaia C, Joe SA, Joshi S, Kuruvilla ME, Kim J, Klein AM, Krouse HJ, Kuan EC, Lang D, Larenas-Linnemann D, Laury AM, Lechner M, Lee SE, Lee VS, Loftus P, Marcus S, Marzouk H, Mattos J, McCoul E, Melen E, Mims JW, Mullol J, Nayak JV, Oppenheimer J, Orlandi RR, Phillips K, Platt M, Ramanathan M, Raymond M, Rhee CS, Reitsma S, Ryan M, Sastre J, Schlosser RJ, Schuman TA, Shaker MS, Sheikh A, Smith KA, Soyka MB, Takashima M, Tang M, Tantilipikorn P, Taw MB, Tversky J, Tyler MA, Veling MC, Wallace D, Wang DY, White A, Zhang L. International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Allergic rhinitis - 2023. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2023; 13:293-859. [PMID: 36878860 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the 5 years that have passed since the publication of the 2018 International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2018), the literature has expanded substantially. The ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 update presents 144 individual topics on allergic rhinitis (AR), expanded by over 40 topics from the 2018 document. Originally presented topics from 2018 have also been reviewed and updated. The executive summary highlights key evidence-based findings and recommendation from the full document. METHODS ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 employed established evidence-based review with recommendation (EBRR) methodology to individually evaluate each topic. Stepwise iterative peer review and consensus was performed for each topic. The final document was then collated and includes the results of this work. RESULTS ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 includes 10 major content areas and 144 individual topics related to AR. For a substantial proportion of topics included, an aggregate grade of evidence is presented, which is determined by collating the levels of evidence for each available study identified in the literature. For topics in which a diagnostic or therapeutic intervention is considered, a recommendation summary is presented, which considers the aggregate grade of evidence, benefit, harm, and cost. CONCLUSION The ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 update provides a comprehensive evaluation of AR and the currently available evidence. It is this evidence that contributes to our current knowledge base and recommendations for patient evaluation and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Wise
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Cecelia Damask
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Private Practice, University of Central Florida, Lake Mary, Florida, USA
| | - Lauren T Roland
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Charles Ebert
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joshua M Levy
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sandra Lin
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Amber Luong
- Otolaryngology-HNS, McGovern Medical School of the University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kenneth Rodriguez
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ahmad R Sedaghat
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Elina Toskala
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Baharudin Abdullah
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang, Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Cezmi Akdis
- Immunology, Infectious Diseases, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Jeremiah A Alt
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Antoine Azar
- Allergy/Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Fuad Baroody
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Christopher Brook
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Harvard University, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raewyn Campbell
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas Casale
- Allergy/Immunology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Mohamad R Chaaban
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Allergy/Immunology, Genetics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey Chambliss
- Allergy/Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Antonella Cianferoni
- Allergy/Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anne K Ellis
- Allergy/Immunology, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Wytske J Fokkens
- Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Matthew Greenhawt
- Allergy/Immunology, Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Amarbir Gill
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ashleigh Halderman
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jens M Hohlfeld
- Respiratory Medicine, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Hannover Medical School, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Stephanie A Joe
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shyam Joshi
- Allergy/Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Jean Kim
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam M Klein
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Helene J Krouse
- Otorhinolaryngology Nursing, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Edward C Kuan
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - David Lang
- Allergy/Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Matt Lechner
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University College London, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Stella E Lee
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Victoria S Lee
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patricia Loftus
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sonya Marcus
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Haidy Marzouk
- Otolaryngology-HNS, State University of New York Upstate, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Jose Mattos
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Edward McCoul
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Ochsner Clinic, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Erik Melen
- Pediatric Allergy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James W Mims
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jayakar V Nayak
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - John Oppenheimer
- Allergy/Immunology, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Katie Phillips
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael Platt
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Chae-Seo Rhee
- Rhinology/Allergy, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sietze Reitsma
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Matthew Ryan
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Joaquin Sastre
- Allergy, Fundacion Jiminez Diaz, University Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodney J Schlosser
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Theodore A Schuman
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Marcus S Shaker
- Allergy/Immunology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Primary Care, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Kristine A Smith
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Michael B Soyka
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Masayoshi Takashima
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Monica Tang
- Allergy/Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Malcolm B Taw
- Integrative East-West Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Westlake Village, California, USA
| | - Jody Tversky
- Allergy/Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew A Tyler
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Maria C Veling
- Otolaryngology-HNS, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Dana Wallace
- Allergy/Immunology, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - De Yun Wang
- Otolaryngology-HNS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew White
- Allergy/Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Luo Zhang
- Otolaryngology-HNS, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China
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7
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de Holanda GS, dos Santos Valença S, Carra AM, Lichtenberger RCL, de Castilho B, Franco OB, de Moraes JA, Schanaider A. Translational Application of Fluorescent Molecular Probes for the Detection of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Associated with Intestinal Reperfusion Injury. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120802. [PMID: 34940560 PMCID: PMC8705498 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute mesenteric ischemia, caused by an abrupt interruption of blood flow in the mesenteric vessels, is associated with high mortality. When treated with surgical interventions or drugs to re-open the vascular lumen, the reperfusion process itself can inflict damage to the intestinal wall. Ischemia and reperfusion injury comprise complex mechanisms involving disarrangement of the splanchnic microcirculatory flow and impairment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain due to initial hypoxemia and subsequent oxidative stress during the reperfusion phase. This pathophysiologic process results in the production of large amounts of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species, which damage deoxyribonucleic acid, protein, lipids, and carbohydrates by autophagy, mitoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, and apoptosis. Fluorescence-based systems using molecular probes have emerged as highly effective tools to monitor the concentrations and locations of these often short-lived ROS and RNS. The timely and accurate detection of both ROS and RNS by such an approach would help to identify early injury events associated with ischemia and reperfusion and increase overall clinical diagnostic sensitivity. This abstract describes the pathophysiology of intestinal ischemia and reperfusion and the early biological laboratory diagnosis using fluorescent molecular probes anticipating clinical decisions in the face of an extremely morbid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Sampaio de Holanda
- Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil; (A.M.C.); (R.C.L.L.); (B.d.C.); (O.B.F.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-9657-13794
| | - Samuel dos Santos Valença
- Redox Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (S.d.S.V.); (J.A.d.M.)
| | - Amabile Maran Carra
- Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil; (A.M.C.); (R.C.L.L.); (B.d.C.); (O.B.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Renata Cristina Lopes Lichtenberger
- Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil; (A.M.C.); (R.C.L.L.); (B.d.C.); (O.B.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Bianca de Castilho
- Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil; (A.M.C.); (R.C.L.L.); (B.d.C.); (O.B.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Olavo Borges Franco
- Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil; (A.M.C.); (R.C.L.L.); (B.d.C.); (O.B.F.); (A.S.)
| | - João Alfredo de Moraes
- Redox Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (S.d.S.V.); (J.A.d.M.)
| | - Alberto Schanaider
- Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil; (A.M.C.); (R.C.L.L.); (B.d.C.); (O.B.F.); (A.S.)
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8
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Kawasumi T, Takeno S, Ishikawa C, Takahara D, Taruya T, Takemoto K, Hamamoto T, Ishino T, Ueda T. The Functional Diversity of Nitric Oxide Synthase Isoforms in Human Nose and Paranasal Sinuses: Contrasting Pathophysiological Aspects in Nasal Allergy and Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147561. [PMID: 34299181 PMCID: PMC8304068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human paranasal sinuses are the major source of intrinsic nitric oxide (NO) production in the human airway. NO plays several roles in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis and the regulation of airway inflammation through the expression of three NO synthase (NOS) isoforms. Measuring NO levels can contribute to the diagnosis and assessment of allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). In symptomatic AR patients, pro-inflammatory cytokines upregulate the expression of inducible NOS (iNOS) in the inferior turbinate. Excessive amounts of NO cause oxidative damage to cellular components, leading to the deposition of cytotoxic substances. CRS phenotype and endotype classifications have provided insights into modern treatment strategies. Analyses of the production of sinus NO and its metabolites revealed pathobiological diversity that can be exploited for useful biomarkers. Measuring nasal NO based on different NOS activities is a potent tool for specific interventions targeting molecular pathways underlying CRS endotype-specific inflammation. We provide a comprehensive review of the functional diversity of NOS isoforms in the human sinonasal system in relation to these two major nasal disorders' pathologies. The regulatory mechanisms of NOS expression associated with the substrate bioavailability indicate the involvement of both type 1 and type 2 immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sachio Takeno
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5252; Fax: +81-82-257-5254
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9
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Abstract
Proteins succumb to numerous post-translational modifications (PTMs). These relate to enzymatic or non-enzymatic reactions taking place in either the intracellular or extracellular compartment. While intracellular oxidative changes are mainly due to redox stress, extracellular PTMs may be induced in an inflammatory micro milieu that is rich in reactive species. The increasing recognition of oxidative modifications as a causing agent or side-effect of pathophysiological states and diseases puts oxidative PTMS (oxPTMs) into the spotlight of inflammation research. Pathological hyper-modification of proteins can lead to accumulation, aggregation, cell stress, altered antigenic peptides, and damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP)-like recognition by host immunity. Such processes are linked to cardiovascular disease and autoinflammation. At the same time, a detailed understanding of the mechanisms governing inflammatory responses to oxPTMs may capitalize on new therapeutic routes for enhancing adaptive immune responses as needed, for instance, in oncology. We here summarize some of the latest developments of oxPTMs in disease diagnosis and therapy. Potential target proteins and upcoming technologies, such as gas plasmas, are outlined for future research that may aid in identifying the molecular basis of immunogenic vs. tolerogenic oxPTMs.
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10
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Kleniewska P, Pawliczak R. The influence of apocynin, lipoic acid and probiotics on antioxidant enzyme levels in the pulmonary tissues of obese asthmatic mice. Life Sci 2019; 234:116780. [PMID: 31430453 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bronchial asthma and obesity are common health problems. Obesity is already responsible for 300,000 deaths per year. AIMS The aim of the present study was to assess whether apocynin, alpha lipoic acid and probiotic administration in combination with low-fat diet supplementation influences the levels of antioxidant enzymes in the pulmonary tissues of obese asthmatic mice. MAIN METHODS The study was performed on male C57/BL6 mice divided into 10 groups: (I) control; (II) asthma; (III) obesity; (IV) asthma + obesity; (V) asthma + obesity + apocynin p.o. 15 mg/kg/day for 12 weeks; (VI) asthma + obesity + low-fat diet for 12 weeks; (VII) asthma + obesity + low-fat diet for 12 weeks with apocynin p.o. 15 mg/kg/day; (VIII) asthma + obesity + low-fat diet with probiotics for 12 weeks; (IX) asthma + obesity + low-fat diet for 12 weeks with lipoic acid p.o. 100 mg/kg/day for 12 weeks; (X) asthma + obesity + standard diet with probiotics for 12 weeks. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity were examined. The administration of apocynin alone and apocynin in combination with a low-fat diet resulted in a significant increase in SOD values (respectively p < 0.001; p = 0.010). Application of probiotics resulted in a decrease in CAT activity (p = 0.037) and an increase in GPx activity (p < 0.001) compared to obese asthmatic mice. The administration of lipoic acid resulted in an increase in GR activity (p = 0.024 vs. control). KEY FINDINGS Supplementation containing apocynin, lipoic acid and probiotics has a positive influence on the antioxidant capacity of the pulmonary tissues of obese asthmatic mice. SIGNIFICANCE These results may contribute to the development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kleniewska
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Training, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Rafał Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Training, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
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11
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Antunes GL, Silveira JS, Kaiber DB, Luft C, da Costa MS, Marques EP, Ferreira FS, Breda RV, Wyse ATS, Stein RT, Pitrez PM, da Cunha AA. Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway confers airway protection against oxidative damage and attenuates inflammation in an allergic asthma model. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:1838-1849. [PMID: 31332773 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by the influx of inflammatory cells, especially of eosinophils as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, driven by the release of the T helper 2 (Th2)-cell-associated cytokines. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) inhibit cytokines production and controls inflammation. Thus, we investigated the effects of pharmacological activation of CAP by neostigmine on oxidative stress and airway inflammation in an allergic asthma model. After the OVA challenge, mice were treated with neostigmine. We showed that CAP activation by neostigmine reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-1β, and TNF-α), which resulted in a decrease of eosinophils influx. Furthermore, neostigmine also conferred airway protection against oxidative stress, attenuating ROS production through the increase of antioxidant defense, evidenced by the catalase (CAT) activity. We propose, for the first time, that pharmacological activation of the CAP can lead to new possibilities in the therapeutic management of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géssica Luana Antunes
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, School of Medical, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Josiane Silva Silveira
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, School of Medical, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniela Benvenutti Kaiber
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, School of Medical, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carolina Luft
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, School of Medical, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mariana Severo da Costa
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, School of Medical, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Peil Marques
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Metabolic Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silva Ferreira
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Metabolic Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Vaz Breda
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Brain Institute - BraIns, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Metabolic Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Renato Tetelbom Stein
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, School of Medical, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo Márcio Pitrez
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, HMV, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aline Andrea da Cunha
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, HMV, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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12
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Silveira JS, Antunes GL, Kaiber DB, da Costa MS, Marques EP, Ferreira FS, Gassen RB, Breda RV, Wyse ATS, Pitrez P, da Cunha AA. Reactive oxygen species are involved in eosinophil extracellular traps release and in airway inflammation in asthma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:23633-23646. [PMID: 31180592 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In asthma, there are high levels of inflammatory mediators, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) formation in airway. Here, we attempted to investigate the ROS involvement in EETs release and airway inflammation in OVA-challenged mice. Before the intranasal challenge with ovalbumin (OVA), animals were treated with two ROS inhibitors, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or diphenyleneiodonium (DPI). We showed that NAC treatment reduced inflammatory cells in lung. DPI and NAC treatments reduced eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), goblet cells hyperplasia, proinflammatory cytokines, NFκB p65 immunocontent, and oxidative stress in lung. However, only the NAC treatment improved mitochondrial energy metabolism. Moreover, the treatments with DPI and NAC reduced EETs release in airway. This is the first study to show that ROS are needed for EETs formation in asthma. Based on our results, NAC and DPI treatments can be an interesting alternative for reducing airway inflammation, mitochondrial damage, and EETs release in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Silva Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Disease, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Géssica Luana Antunes
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, Medicine School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniela Benvenutti Kaiber
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, Medicine School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mariana Severo da Costa
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, Medicine School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Peil Marques
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Disease, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silva Ferreira
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Disease, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Benedetti Gassen
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Science School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Vaz Breda
- Institute of the Brain (INSCER), Medicine School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Disease, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo Pitrez
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, Medicine School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aline Andrea da Cunha
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, Medicine School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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13
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Saadat S, Beheshti F, Askari VR, Hosseini M, Mohamadian Roshan N, Boskabady MH. Aminoguanidine affects systemic and lung inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats. Respir Res 2019; 20:96. [PMID: 31113409 PMCID: PMC6530199 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nitric oxide is a mediator of potential importance in numerous physiological and inflammatory processes in the lung. Aminoguanidine (AG) has been shown to have anti-inflammation and radical scavenging properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AG, an iNOS inhibitor, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic and lung inflammation in rats. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into control, LPS (1 mg/kg/day i.p.), and LPS groups treated with AG 50, 100 or 150 mg/kg/day i.p. for five weeks. Total nitrite concentration, total and differential white blood cells (WBC) count, oxidative stress markers, and the levels of IL-4, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, and PGE2 were assessed in the serum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Results Administration of LPS decreased IL-4 level (p < 0.01) in BALF, total thiol content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities (p < 0.001) in BALF and serum, and increased total nitrite, malondialdehyde (MDA), IFN-γ, TGF-β1 and PGE2 (p < 0.001) concentrations in BALF. Pre-treatment with AG increased BALF level of IL-4 and total thiol as well as SOD and CAT activities (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001), but decreased BALF levels of total nitrite, MDA, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, and PGE2 (p < 0.01 to p < 0.001). AG treatment decreased total WBC count, lymphocytes and macrophages in BALF (p < 0.01 to p < 0.001) and improved lung pathological changes including interstitial inflammation and lymphoid infiltration (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Conclusions AG treatment reduced oxidant markers, inflammatory cytokines and lung pathological changes but increased antioxidants and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, AG may play a significant protective role against inflammation and oxidative stress that cause lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Saadat
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Farimah Beheshti
- Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Nema Mohamadian Roshan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran. .,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran.
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14
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Shaffo FC, Grodzki AC, Fryer AD, Lein PJ. Mechanisms of organophosphorus pesticide toxicity in the context of airway hyperreactivity and asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L485-L501. [PMID: 29952220 PMCID: PMC6230874 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00211.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiologic studies have identified an association between occupational exposures to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and asthma or asthmatic symptoms in adults. Emerging epidemiologic data suggest that environmentally relevant levels of OPs may also be linked to respiratory dysfunction in the general population and that in utero and/or early life exposures to environmental OPs may increase risk for childhood asthma. In support of a causal link between OPs and asthma, experimental evidence demonstrates that occupationally and environmentally relevant OP exposures induce bronchospasm and airway hyperreactivity in preclinical models. Mechanistic studies have identified blockade of autoinhibitory M2 muscarinic receptors on parasympathetic nerves that innervate airway smooth muscle as one mechanism by which OPs induce airway hyperreactivity, but significant questions remain regarding the mechanism(s) by which OPs cause neuronal M2 receptor dysfunction and, more generally, how OPs cause persistent asthma, especially after developmental exposures. The goals of this review are to 1) summarize current understanding of OPs in asthma; 2) discuss mechanisms of OP neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity that warrant consideration in the context of OP-induced airway hyperreactivity and asthma, specifically, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, neural plasticity, and neurogenic inflammation; and 3) identify critical data gaps that need to be addressed in order to better protect adults and children against the harmful respiratory effects of low-level OP exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances C Shaffo
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California , Davis, California
| | - Ana Cristina Grodzki
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California , Davis, California
| | - Allison D Fryer
- Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California , Davis, California
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15
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Liou CJ, Cheng CY, Yeh KW, Wu YH, Huang WC. Protective Effects of Casticin From Vitex trifolia Alleviate Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in a Murine Asthma Model. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:635. [PMID: 29962952 PMCID: PMC6010522 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Casticin has been isolated from Vitex trifolia and found to have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. We also previously discovered that casticin can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and ICAM-1 expression in inflammatory pulmonary epithelial cells. In the present study, we evaluated whether casticin reduced airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), airway inflammation, and oxidative stress in the lungs of a murine asthma model and alleviated inflammatory and oxidative responses in tracheal epithelial cells. Female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: normal controls, ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma, and OVA-induced asthma treated with intraperitoneal injection of casticin (5 or 10 mg/kg) or prednisolone (5 mg/kg). Casticin reduced AHR, goblet cell hyperplasia, and oxidative responses in the lungs of mice with asthma. Mechanistic studies revealed that casticin attenuated the levels of Th2 cytokine in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and regulated the expression of Th2 cytokine and chemokine genes in the lung. Casticin also significantly regulated oxidative stress and reduced inflammation in the lungs of mice with asthma. Consequently, inflammatory tracheal epithelial BEAS-2B cells treated with casticin had significantly suppressed levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and eotaxin, and reduced THP-1 monocyte cell adherence to BEAS-2B cells via suppressed ICAM-1 expression. Thus, casticin is a powerful immunomodulator, ameliorating pathological changes by suppressing Th2 cytokine expression in mice with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hong Wu
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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