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Talley AE. The need for persistent and expansive efforts to advance diversity in alcohol research. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:1469-1472. [PMID: 38890125 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia E Talley
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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Phillips AZ, Carnethon MR, Bonham M, Lovett RM, Wolf MS. Hazardous drinking by older adults with chronic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from a Chicago-based cohort. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023; 71:3508-3519. [PMID: 37403969 PMCID: PMC10766865 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear how older adults with chronic conditions, who have greater risk of alcohol-related adverse outcomes, used alcohol throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. We assess changes in hazardous drinking prevalence May 2020-December 2021 and factors associated with hazardous drinking. METHODS Data are from structured phone interviews of older adults (age 60+) with chronic conditions (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, pulmonary disease, heart disease) in a Chicago-based longitudinal cohort (Chicago COVID-19 Comorbidities survey, Waves 3-7, n = 247). We tested differences in the prevalence of hazardous drinking (defined as AUDIT-C score of 3+ for women and 4+ for men) across waves for the full sample, by demographic group (sex, race, and ethnicity), and by chronic condition burden (<3 conditions, 3+ conditions). Generalized estimating equations investigated associations of hazardous drinking with sociodemographic and pandemic coping-related factors (stress, loneliness, outside contacts, depression, anxiety). RESULTS Participants were 66.8% female; 27.9% non-Hispanic Black, 14.2% Hispanic, 4.9% other race. Hazardous drinking was reported by 44.9% of participants in May 2020, but declined to 23.1% by July-August 2020 and continued to slowly decline to 19.4% by September-December 2021. Differences from May 2020 were significant at the 0.05 level. Subgroups followed similar trajectories. Hazardous drinking prevalence was initially higher but declined more among men than women, consistently higher among non-Hispanic White respondents than among Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black respondents, and declined more rapidly among adults with 3+ chronic conditions. In adjusted models, race and ethnicity were associated with lower prevalence of hazardous drinking (non-Hispanic Black: adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.33, 0.74; other race: aPR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.09, 0.81, compared with non-Hispanic White). No coping-related factors were significantly associated with hazardous drinking. CONCLUSION Among a cohort of older adults with chronic conditions, almost half engaged in hazardous drinking in early summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. While prevalence fell, these rates reinforce the need for alcohol screening and intervention in clinical settings among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryn Z. Phillips
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD
| | - Mercedes R. Carnethon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Morgan Bonham
- Center for Applied Health Research on Aging, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Rebecca M. Lovett
- Center for Applied Health Research on Aging, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael S. Wolf
- Center for Applied Health Research on Aging, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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Young KL, Olshan AF, Lunetta K, Graff M, Williams LA, Yao S, Zirpoli GR, Troester M, Palmer JR. Influence of alcohol consumption and alcohol metabolism variants on breast cancer risk among Black women: results from the AMBER consortium. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:66. [PMID: 37308906 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01660-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderate to heavy alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. The etiologic role of genetic variation in genes involved in ethanol metabolism has not been established, with little information available among women of African ancestry. METHODS Our analysis from the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk (AMBER) Consortium included 2889 U.S. Black women who were current drinkers at the time of breast cancer diagnosis (N cases = 715) and had available genetic data for four ethanol metabolism genomic regions (ADH, ALDH, CYP2E1, and ALDH2). We used generalized estimating equations to calculate genetic effects, gene* alcohol consumption (≥ 7drinks/week vs. < 7/week) interactions, and joint main plus interaction effects of up to 23,247 variants in ethanol metabolism genomic regions on odds of breast cancer. RESULTS Among current drinkers, 21% of cases and 14% of controls reported consuming ≥ 7 drinks per week. We identified statistically significant genetic effects for rs79865122-C in CYP2E1 with odds of ER- breast cancer and odds of triple negative breast cancer, as well as a significant joint effect with odds of ER- breast cancer (≥ 7drinks per week OR = 3.92, < 7 drinks per week OR = 0.24, pjoint = 3.74 × 10-6). In addition, there was a statistically significant interaction of rs3858704-A in ALDH2 with consumption of ≥ 7 drinks/week on odds of triple negative breast cancer (≥ 7drinks per week OR = 4.41, < 7 drinks per week OR = 0.57, pint = 8.97 × 10-5). CONCLUSIONS There is a paucity of information on the impact of genetic variation in alcohol metabolism genes on odds of breast cancer among Black women. Our analysis of variants in four genomic regions harboring ethanol metabolism genes in a large consortium of U.S. Black women identified significant associations between rs79865122-C in CYP2E1 and odds of ER- and triple negative breast cancer. Replication of these findings is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA.
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Kathryn Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Lindsay A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Gary R Zirpoli
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Melissa Troester
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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Omary A. Logistic Regression Model of Demographic Predictors and Confounders of Binge Alcohol Use Among Adults with Major Depression. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022; 21:1-15. [PMID: 35502437 PMCID: PMC9047467 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00808-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying sociodemographic populations with a major depressive episode (MDE) who are at increased risk for binge alcohol use (BAU) is critical for developing focused prevention programs to meet the needs of each population. Thus, the goal of the current exploratory retrospective study is to examine if sex, race, age, education, marital status, and income can significantly predict the risk for BAU among adults with MDE and if the association between MDE and BAU changes after adjusting for demographic variables in question while holding sex, race, and age as constant variables. Data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's 2018 National Survey for Drug Use and Health were extracted and analyzed to achieve the study goal. The unweighted sample included 6,999 adults representing a weighted population size of 33,900,452.122 in the USA. Results revealed that age and marital status significantly predicted BAU in the past month among adults with MDE. Adults under the age of 50, with a college degree, never married, divorced/separated, and with a high-middle income level or higher were at higher risk for BAU. The study's clinical implications are that understanding demographics of individuals with MDE at increased risk for BAU can inform improved tailored assessment and treatment of alcohol abuse and MDE among at-risk populations. Future research should consider examining additional potential risk factors for BAU among adults with MDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areen Omary
- Department of Psychology, Sociology and Social Work, Texas A&M University System, West Texas A&M University, 720 S. Tyler, Amarillo, TX USA
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Gender and Childhood Victimization: A Longitudinal Study of Heavy Drinking in Young Adulthood. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111089. [PMID: 34769608 PMCID: PMC8583546 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present longitudinal study, for 12 years, followed a group of young adults, examining (1) whether/how victimization in childhood increased the likelihood of heavy drinking; (2) whether depression mediated the strain-heavy drinking relationship; and (3) whether/how relationships among strain, depression, and heavy drinking differed across two gender groups. Data came from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 cohort, dating 2004-2015 (5 interview waves and 22,549 person-wave measurements total). We linked consumption of 5+ drinks (during the month prior) to four discrete measures of violent victimization, to one measure of stressful events, and to depression. We needed to consider repeat measures of the same variables over time, so we used generalized estimating equations (GEE) to analyze data. Depression was found to increase heavy drinking uniformly. Empirical evidence confirmed that in the strain-heavy drinking relationship, depression plays a minor mediating role. Gender moderated heavy drinking's associations. Specifically, bullying in childhood raised risk for female respondents. The current strain was associated with a higher risk of heavy drinking among male respondents. Childhood victimization, as well as current life stress, play an important role in depression and heavy drinking. Future research should focus on the development of specific, targeted care to reduce heavy drinking's harm and promote equity among Americans.
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Gajos JM, Purcell JB, Mrug S. The Intersection Between Sex and Race in Understanding Substance Co-Use Patterns in Adolescents From the Fragile Families Study. JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/00220426211041093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined the prevalence of alcohol, cigarette, and cannabis co-use among a longitudinal cohort of youth predominately born to single-parent families. Data were drawn from wave six of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study ( N = 2976; M age = 15.6; 49% female; 53% non-Hispanic Black, 27% Hispanic, 20% White). Adolescents’ reports of their past 30-day use of alcohol, cigarettes, and cannabis were used to construct eight mutually exclusive use groups. Multinomial logistic regressions adjusting for sociodemographic factors revealed that Black adolescents were at lower relative risk of using Alcohol Only compared to White adolescents. Black males were at greater relative risk of using Cannabis Only than both White males and Black females. Finally, Hispanic males were at a marginally increased relative risk of co-using Alcohol and Cannabis compared to White males. Prevention efforts targeting Black and Hispanic males’ use of cannabis (both alone and in combination with alcohol) may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M. Gajos
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Juliann B. Purcell
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sylvie Mrug
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Purcell JB, Orihuela CA, Elliott MN, Tortolero Emery S, Schuster MA, Mrug S. Examining Sex and Racial/Ethnic Differences in Co-use of Alcohol, Cannabis, and Cigarettes in a Community Sample of Adolescents. Subst Use Misuse 2020; 56:101-110. [PMID: 33164639 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2020.1843056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although adolescents often co-use alcohol, cigarettes, and cannabis, little is known about sex and racial/ethnic differences in the co-use of these substances. Therefore, this investigation examined sex and racial/ethnic differences in alcohol, cigarette, and cannabis co-use in a large and ethnically diverse group. Methods: Participants were drawn from a large, multi-site study of adolescents from three regions in the United States (N = 4,129; Mage=16.10 years, SD = 0.59; 51% female, 49% male; 37% Black, 37% Hispanic, 25% White). Participants were categorized into eight mutually exclusive groups based on their self-reported use of alcohol, cannabis, and cigarettes in the last 30 days. Results: Unadjusted multinomial logistic regression revealed that males were more likely than females to use cannabis-only and to co-use all three substances. Additionally, Black and Hispanic adolescents were more likely to use cannabis-only, while White adolescents were more likely than Black and Hispanic adolescents to co-use alcohol and cigarettes. After adjusting for other sociodemographic variables (age, household income, parental education, and parent marital status), males were more likely to use cannabis-only than females; White youth were more likely than Hispanic youth to use cigarettes only and co-use cigarettes and alcohol. White youth were more likely than Black youth to co-use alcohol and cigarettes and co-use all three substances. Discussion: These results indicate sex and racial/ethnic differences in substance co-use that were not explained by socioeconomic factors. Results of this work suggest potential strategies for targeted prevention efforts and underscore the importance of continued efforts to better understand patterns of alcohol and substance co-use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mark A Schuster
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sylvie Mrug
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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McKone KM, Kennedy TM, Piasecki TM, Molina BS, Pedersen SL. In-the-Moment Drinking Characteristics: An Examination Across Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder History and Race. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1273-1283. [PMID: 30986327 PMCID: PMC6867083 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with a history of childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Black drinkers are at elevated risk for alcohol problems and alcohol use disorder. Processes that increase risk for these distinct populations have not focused on in-the-moment behaviors that occur while drinking. The present study examined in-the-moment drinking characteristics (i.e., location, social context, day, time, drink type, speed of consumption) that may differ for individuals with and without ADHD histories or for Black and White drinkers. We also examined the interplay among these in-the-moment drinking characteristics to further understanding of contexts when risk may be momentarily increased. METHODS As part of a larger study, 135 individuals (Mage = 27.81, 69.6% male, 45.9% ADHD, 69.6% White) completed a 10-day ecological momentary assessment protocol that included self-initiated reports following consumption of an alcoholic drink. Hypotheses were tested using multilevel modeling. RESULTS Controlling for multiple demographic covariates, Black drinkers drank significantly more quickly than White drinkers and were more likely to consume hard liquor-containing beverages. Differences in drinking speed remained significant when adjusting for Black drinkers' greater likelihood to consume liquor-containing beverages and momentary experience of discrimination; however, Black drinkers' increased likelihood to consume liquor-containing beverages was no longer significant when adjusting for momentary experience of discrimination. Individuals with ADHD histories did not differ from those without ADHD histories in any in-the-moment drinking characteristics. ADHD and race did not interact to predict any drinking characteristic. CONCLUSIONS Differences in speed of alcohol consumption and propensity to consume liquor-containing beverages may contribute to increased risk for alcohol problems experienced by Black drinkers compared to White drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M.P. McKone
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Traci M. Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Thomas M. Piasecki
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Brooke S.G. Molina
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sarah L. Pedersen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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