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Bagul US, Khot SV, Ashtekar KS, Monde AA, Kolhe OH, Tagalpallewar AA, Kokare CR. Fabrication of acetazolamide loaded leciplex for intraocular delivery: Optimization by 3 2 full factorial design, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo pharmacodynamics. Int J Pharm 2024; 661:124391. [PMID: 38936444 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The complex structure of the eye poses challenges in delivering drugs effectively, which can be circumvented by employing nanotechnologies. The present study aimed to prepareacetazolamide-loadedleciplex (ACZ - LP) using a simple one-step fabrication approach followed byoptimization employing a 32 Full Factorial Design. The ACZ - LP demonstrated high entrapment efficiency (93.25 ± 2.32 %), average diameter was recorded around 171.03 ± 3.32 with monodisperse size distribution and zeta potential of 41.33 ± 2.10 mV. Invitro release and ex vivo permeation studies of prepared formulation demonstrated an initial burst release in 1 h followed by sustained release pattern as compared to plain acetazolamide solution. Moreover, an ex vivo corneal drug retention (27.05 ± 1.20 %) and in vitro mucoadhesive studies with different concentration of mucin indicated strong electrostatic bonding confirming the mucoadhesive characteristics of the formulation. Additionally, the histopathological studies ensured that the formulation was non-irritant and nontoxic while and HET-CAM ensured substantial tolerability of the formulation. The in vivo pharmacodynamic investigation carried out on a rabbit model demonstrated that treatment with ACZ - LP resulted in a significant and prolonged reduction in intraocular pressure as compared to plain acetazolamide solution, acetazolamide oral tablet, and Brinzox®. In summary, the ACZ - LP is anefficient and versatile drug delivery approach which demonstrates significant potential in controlling glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddhav S Bagul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, STES Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Shubham V Khot
- Department of Pharmaceutics, STES Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kiran S Ashtekar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, STES Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashish A Monde
- Department of Pharmaceutics, STES Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
| | - Omkar H Kolhe
- Department of Quality Assurance Techniques, STES Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amol A Tagalpallewar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr.Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, School of Health Science and Technology, Kothrud, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chandrakant R Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, STES Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
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2
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Tekin A, Güner A, Akkan T. Protective Effect of Boric Acid Against Ochratoxin A-Induced Toxic Effects in Human Embryonal Kidney Cells (HEK293): A Study on Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, Oxidative, and Apoptotic Effects. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04194-5. [PMID: 38713435 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04194-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the protective properties of boric acid (BA) against the toxic effects induced by ochratoxin A (OTA) in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293). The focus is on various parameters such as cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. OTA is a known mycotoxin that has harmful effects on the liver, kidneys, brain, and nervous system. BA, on the other hand, a boron-based compound, is known for its potential as a vital micronutrient with important cellular functions. The results show that BA administration not only increases cell viability but also mitigates the cytotoxic effects of OTA. This is evidenced by a reduction in the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), indicating less damage to cell membranes. In addition, BA shows efficacy in reducing genotoxic effects, as the frequency of micronucleus (MN) and chromosomal aberrations (CA) decreases significantly, suggesting a protective role against DNA damage. In addition, the study shows that treatment with BA leads to a decrease in oxidative stress markers, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic intervention against the deleterious effects of OTA. These results emphasize the need for further research into the protective mechanisms of boron, particularly BA, in combating cell damage caused by OTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aşkın Tekin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Occupational Health and Safety,, Sinop University, Sinop, Türkiye.
| | - Adem Güner
- Şebinkarahisar Vocational School of Health Services, Giresun,, Giresun University, Giresun, Türkiye
| | - Tamer Akkan
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Biology Department of Biology, Giresun University, Giresun, Türkiye
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3
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Lenze M, Benedetti MD, Roco J, Ramírez PG, Blanco R, Yaceszen S, Corrales C, Wikinski S, Gutiérrez ML. Advancing ocular safety research: A comprehensive examination of benzocaine acute exposure without animal testing. Toxicol Lett 2024; 394:138-145. [PMID: 38458340 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Benzocaine is a widely employed local anaesthetic; however, there is a notable dearth of preclinical and clinical evidence regarding its safety in ophthalmological products. To address this, a comprehensive strategy incorporating in silico and in vitro methodologies was proposed for assessing benzocaine's ocular toxicity without animal testing. To collect the in silico evidence, the QSAR Toolbox (v4.5) was used. A single exposure to two benzocaine concentrations (2% and 20%) was evaluated by in vitro methods. Hen's Egg Chorioallantoic Membrane Test (HET-CAM) was performed to evaluate the effects on the conjunctiva. To study corneal integrity, Short Time Exposure test (STE) and Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) assay, followed by histopathological analysis, were carried out. Results from both in silico and in vitro methodologies categorize benzocaine as non-irritating. The histopathological analysis further affirms the safety of using benzocaine in eye drops, as no alterations were observed in evaluated corneal strata. This research proposes a useful combined strategy to provide evidence on the safety of local anaesthetics and particularly show that 2% and 20% benzocaine solutions do not induce eye irritation or corneal damage, supporting the potential use of benzocaine in the development of ophthalmic anesthetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lenze
- Instituto de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - M D Benedetti
- Instituto de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - J Roco
- Instituto de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - P G Ramírez
- Instituto de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - S Wikinski
- Instituto de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - M L Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina.
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4
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Bagul US, Nazirkar MV, Mane AK, Khot SV, Tagalpallewar AA, Kokare CR. Fabrication of architectonic nanosponges for intraocular delivery of Brinzolamide: An insight into QbD driven optimization, in vitro characterization, and pharmacodynamics. Int J Pharm 2024; 650:123746. [PMID: 38145779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The intricate structure of the eye poses difficulties in drug targeting, which can be surmounted with the help of nanoformulation strategies. With this view, brinzolamide nanosponges (BNS) were prepared using the emulsion solvent evaporation technique and optimized via Box-Behnken statistical design. The optimized BNS were further incorporated into a poloxamer 407 in situ gel (BNS-ISG) and evaluated. The optimized BNS showed spherical morphology, entrapment efficiency of 83.12 ± 1.2 % with particle size of 114 ± 2.32 nm and PDI of 0.11 ± 0.01. The optimized BNS-ISG exhibited a pseudoplastic behavior and depicted a gelling temperature and gelation time of 35 ± 0.5 °C and 10 ± 2 s respectively. In-vitro release and ex- vivo permeation studies of BNS-ISG demonstrated a sustained release pattern as compared to Brinzox®. Additionally, the HET-CAM and in vitro cytotoxicity studies (using SIRC cell line) ensured that the formulation was non-irritant and nontoxic for ophthalmic delivery. The in vivo pharmacodynamic study using rabbit model depicted that BNS-ISG treatment significantly lowers the intra ocular pressure for prolonged period of time when compared with Brinzox®. In conclusion, the BNS-ISG is an efficient and scalable drug delivery system with significant potential as the targeted therapy of posterior segment eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddhav S Bagul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, STES Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule University Pune), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Mayuri V Nazirkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, STES Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule University Pune), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ajay K Mane
- Department of Pharmaceutics, STES Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule University Pune), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shubham V Khot
- Department of Pharmaceutics, STES Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule University Pune), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amol A Tagalpallewar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, School of Health Science and Technology, Kothrud, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chandrakant R Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, STES Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule University Pune), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
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Garcia LV, Silva D, Costa MM, Armés H, Salema-Oom M, Saramago B, Serro AP. Antiseptic-Loaded Casein Hydrogels for Wound Dressings. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020334. [PMID: 36839656 PMCID: PMC9967843 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wound treatment accounts for a substantial percentage of the medical expenses worldwide. Improving and developing novel wound care systems can potentially help to handle this problem. Wound dressings loaded with antiseptics may be an important tool for wound care, as they inhibit bacterial growth at the wound site. The goal of the present work was to investigate the potential of using casein hydrogel dressings loaded with two antiseptic drugs, Octiset® or polyhexanide, to treat chronic wounds. Casein-based hydrogels are inexpensive and have several properties that make them suitable for biomedical applications. Two types of casein were used: casein sodium salt and acid casein, with the formulations being labelled CS and C, respectively. The hydrogels were characterised with respect to their physical properties (swelling capacity, water content, morphology, mechanical resistance, and stability), before and after sterilisation, and they showed adequate values for the intended application. The hydrogels of both formulations were able to sustain controlled drug-release for, at least, 48 h. They were demonstrated to be non-irritant, highly haemocompatible, and non-cytotoxic, and revealed good antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Steam-heat sterilisation did not compromise the material's properties. The in vivo performance of C hydrogel loaded with Octiset® was evaluated in a case study with a dog. The efficient recovery of the wounds confirms its potential as an alternative for wound treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first time that wound dressings loaded with Octiset®, one of the most efficient drugs for wound treatment, were prepared and tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Vasconcelos Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diana Silva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Maria Madalena Costa
- Hospital Veterinário de S. Bento, Rua de S. Bento, 358-A, 1200-822 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Henrique Armés
- Hospital Veterinário de S. Bento, Rua de S. Bento, 358-A, 1200-822 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Madalena Salema-Oom
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Benilde Saramago
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Ana Paula Serro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
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Wiesmann N, Brieger J, Eckrich J. Toxicological Analysis by Assessment of Vascularization and Cell Viability Using the Chicken's Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM Assay). Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2644:403-421. [PMID: 37142937 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3052-5_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is an increasingly popular method using a hen's egg as an experimental organism. Animal models have been established in scientific research for centuries. Yet, awareness of animal welfare in society rises, and the transferability of findings obtained in rodent models to human physiology is challenged. Thus, using fertilized eggs as an alternative platform for animal experimentation might be a promising alternative. The CAM assay is utilized for toxicological analysis by determination of CAM irritation as well as analysis of organ damage and ultimately death of the embryo. Furthermore the CAM provides a micromilieu suited for the implantation of xenografts. Xenogene tissues and tumors grow on the CAM due to a lack of rejection by the immune system and a dense vascular network providing oxygen and nutrients. Multiple analytical methods including in vivo microscopy and various imaging techniques are applicable to this model. Additionally, ethical aspects, a comparatively low financial burden, and low bureaucratic hurdles legitimize the CAM assay.We here describe an in ovo model utilized for xenotransplantation of a human tumor. The model can be used to evaluate the efficacy as well as the toxicity of different therapeutic agents after intravascular injection. Additionally, we present the evaluation of vascularization and viability by intravital microscopy, ultrasonography, and immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Wiesmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Brieger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jonas Eckrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Ghiulai R, Mioc A, Racoviceanu R, Mioc M, Milan A, Prodea A, Semenescu A, Dehelean C, Barbu Tudoran L, Avram Ș, Trandafirescu C, Șoica C. The Anti-Melanoma Effect of Betulinic Acid Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles: A Mechanistic In Vitro Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1362. [PMID: 36355533 PMCID: PMC9698836 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Implementing metallic nanoparticles as research instruments for the transport of therapeutically active compounds remains a fundamentally vital work direction that can still potentially generate novelties in the field of drug formulation development. Gold nanoparticles (GNP) are easily tunable carriers for active phytocompounds like pentacyclic triterpenes. These formulations can boost the bioavailability of a lipophilic structure and, in some instances, can also enhance its therapeutic efficacy. In our work, we proposed a biological in vitro assessment of betulinic acid (BA)-functionalized GNP. BA-GNP were obtained by grafting BA onto previously synthesized citrate-capped GNP through the use of cysteamine as a linker. The nanoformulation was tested in HaCaT human keratinocytes and RPMI-7951 human melanoma cells, revealing selective cytotoxic properties and stronger antiproliferative effects compared to free BA. Further examinations revealed a pro-apoptotic effect, as evidenced by morphological changes in melanoma cells and supported by western blot data showing the downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression coupled with the upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax. GNP also significantly inhibited mitochondrial respiration, confirming its mitochondrial-targeted activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Ghiulai
- Department of Pharmacology-Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Racoviceanu
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Andreea Milan
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Prodea
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Semenescu
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Lucian Barbu Tudoran
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Faculty of Biology and Geology, “Babes-Bolyai” University, 5–7 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Electron Microscopy Integrated Laboratory, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67–103 Donat Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ștefana Avram
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Deparment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Trandafirescu
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Codruța Șoica
- Department of Pharmacology-Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
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A Face-To-Face Comparison of Tumor Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane (TCAM) In Ovo with Murine Models for Early Evaluation of Cancer Therapy and Early Drug Toxicity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143548. [PMID: 35884608 PMCID: PMC9325108 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethical considerations, cost, and time constraints have highlighted the need to develop alternatives to rodent in vivo models for evaluating drug candidates for cancer. The tumor chicken chorioallantoic membrane (TCAM) model provides an affordable and fast assay that permits direct visualization of tumor progression. Tumors from multiple species including rodents and human cell lines can be engrafted. In this study, we engrafted several tumor models onto the CAM and demonstrated that the TCAM model is an alternative to mouse models for preliminary cancer drug efficacy testing and toxicity analysis. Tumor cells were deposited onto CAM, and then grown for up to an additional 10 days before chronic treatments were administered. The drug response of anticancer therapies was screened in 12 tumor cell lines including glioblastoma, melanoma, breast, prostate, colorectal, liver, and lung cancer. Tumor-bearing eggs and tumor-bearing mice had a similar chemotherapy response (cisplatin and temozolomide) in four human and mouse tumor models. We also demonstrated that lethality observed in chicken embryos following chemotherapies such as cisplatin and cyclophosphamide were associated with corresponding side-effects in mice with body weight loss. According to our work, TCAM represents a relevant alternative model to mice in early preclinical oncology screening, providing insights for both the efficacy and the toxicity of anticancer drugs.
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Ricci F, Racaniello GF, Lopedota A, Laquintana V, Arduino I, Lopalco A, Cutrignelli A, Franco M, Sigurdsson HH, Denora N. Chitosan/sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin based nanoparticles coated with thiolated hyaluronic acid for indomethacin ophthalmic delivery. Int J Pharm 2022; 622:121905. [PMID: 35697201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Indomethacin (IND) is topically administered for the treatment of the anterior segment diseases such as conjunctivitis, uveitis, and inflammation prevention for post-cataract surgery, as well as posterior segment diseases as macular edema. Currently IND is available as 0.1% w/v hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-based eye drop formulation and its bioavailability is limited by several drawbacks such as the nasolacrimal duct draining, the reflex blinking and the low volume of the conjunctival sac. In this study, chitosan (CS)/sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) based nanoparticles (NPs) with a mean diameter of 340 (±7) nm, a ζ-potential value of +18.3 (±0.5) mV and coated with thiolated low molecular weight hyaluronic acid were formulated to improve both the solubility and the residential time in the conjunctival sac of the loaded drug IND. The NPs were prepared through the ionotropic gelation technique, exploiting the interaction between the positively charged amino group of CS and the negatively charged sulfonic group of SBE-β-CD. The mucoadhesive properties of the NPs were evaluated on chicken trachea and esophagus tissues using a texture analyser. The irritability effects of NPs were disclaimed with Hecam test. The developed coated NPs showed increased residential time in the conjunctival sac, displayed no irritancy or toxicity for local administration, making them an optimal and innovative drug delivery system for the treatment of anterior segment inflammation diseases. On the other hand, the uncoated NPs displayed better permeating properties since they are smaller and could be further exploited for the treatment of posterior segment diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Ricci
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Innsbruck, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Angela Lopedota
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Valentino Laquintana
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Arduino
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Lopalco
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Cutrignelli
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Franco
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Nunzio Denora
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.
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10
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Pereira-da-Mota AF, Vivero-Lopez M, Serramito M, Diaz-Gomez L, Serro AP, Carracedo G, Huete-Toral F, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Contact lenses for pravastatin delivery to eye segments: Design and in vitro-in vivo correlations. J Control Release 2022; 348:431-443. [PMID: 35688348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration of cholesterol-lowering statins, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, is associated with beneficial effects on eye conditions. This work aims to design contact lenses (CLs) that can sustainedly deliver pravastatin and thus improve the ocular efficacy while avoiding systemic side effects of statins. Bioinspired hydrogels were prepared with monomers that resemble hydrophobic (ethylene glycol phenyl ether methacrylate) and amino (2-aminoethyl methacrylamide hydrochloride) functionalities of the active site of HMG-CoA. Best performing CLs loaded >6 mg/g, in vitro fulfilled the release demands for daily wearing, and showed anti-inflammatory activity (lowering TNF-α). High hydrostatic pressure sterilization preserved the stability of both the drug and the hydrogel network. Ex vivo tests revealed the ability of pravastatin to accumulate in cornea and sclera and to penetrate through transscleral route. In vivo tests (rabbits) confirmed that, compared to eye drops and for the same dose, CLs provided significantly higher pravastatin levels in tear fluid within 1 to 7 h of wearing. Moreover, after 8 h wearing pravastatin was present in cornea, sclera, aqueous humour and vitreous humour. Strong correlations between percentages of drug released in vitro and in vivo were found. Effects of volume and proteins on release rate and Levy plots were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Pereira-da-Mota
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Vivero-Lopez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Serramito
- Ocupharm Research Group, Faculty of Optic and Optometry, University Complutense of Madrid, C/Arcos del Jalon 118, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Diaz-Gomez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Paula Serro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gonzalo Carracedo
- Ocupharm Research Group, Faculty of Optic and Optometry, University Complutense of Madrid, C/Arcos del Jalon 118, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Huete-Toral
- Ocupharm Research Group, Faculty of Optic and Optometry, University Complutense of Madrid, C/Arcos del Jalon 118, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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11
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Cyclodextrin Dispersion of Mebendazole and Flubendazole Improves In Vitro Antiproliferative Activity. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9122185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mebendazole and flubendazole are antihelmintic drugs that have re-entered the research spotlight due to their exhibited anticancer effects, thus making them strong candidates as repurposed drugs. However, these benzimidazole derivatives exhibit poor solubility in water and various organic solvents, which limits their bioavailability. With the aim of obtaining an improved drug solubility and increased biological effect, mebendazole and flubendazole were complexed with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD). The binary 1:1 conjugates were physicochemically evaluated by X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and FTIR spectroscopy, revealing the formation of physical mixtures. The increased aqueous solubility of the binary 1:1 conjugates vs. pure benzimidazole compounds was demonstrated by performing dissolution tests. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of mebendazole and flubendazole, as well as their combination with HPBCD, was tested on two cancer cell lines, human melanoma—A375 and pulmonary adenocarcinoma—A549 by the MTT assay. The cytotoxic activity manifested in a dose-dependent manner while the presence of HPBCD increased the antiproliferative activity against the targeted cells. Treatment of A375 and A549 cell lines with the binary conjugates induced a significant inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, as revealed by high-resolution respirometry studies. Molecular docking analysis showed that one of the mechanisms related to MEB and FLU cytotoxic activity may be due to the inhibition of MEK/ERK proteins.
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12
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Novel Synthesized N-Ethyl-Piperazinyl-Amides of C2-Substituted Oleanonic and Ursonic Acids Exhibit Cytotoxic Effects through Apoptotic Cell Death Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222010967. [PMID: 34681629 PMCID: PMC8536124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel hybrid chalcone N-ethyl-piperazinyl amide derivatives of oleanonic and ursonic acids were synthesized, and their cytotoxic potential was evaluated in vitro against the NCI-60 cancer cell line panel. Compounds 4 and 6 exhibited the highest overall anticancer activity, with GI50 values in some cases reaching nanomolar values. Thus, the two compounds were further assessed in detail in order to identify a possible apoptosis- and antiangiogenic-based mechanism of action induced by the assessed compounds. DAPI staining revealed that both compounds induced nuclei condensation and overall cell morphological changes consistent with apoptotic cell death. rtPCR analysis showed that up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bak gene combined with the down-regulation of the pro-survival Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 genes caused altered ratios between the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins’ levels, leading to overall induced apoptosis. Molecular docking analysis revealed that both compounds exhibited high scores for Bcl-XL inhibition, suggesting that compounds may induce apoptotic cell death through targeted anti-apoptotic protein inhibition, as well. Ex vivo determinations showed that both compounds did not significantly alter the angiogenesis process on the tested cell lines.
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13
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Kazakova O, Șoica C, Babaev M, Petrova A, Khusnutdinova E, Poptsov A, Macașoi I, Drăghici G, Avram Ș, Vlaia L, Mioc A, Mioc M, Dehelean C, Voicu A. 3-Pyridinylidene Derivatives of Chemically Modified Lupane and Ursane Triterpenes as Promising Anticancer Agents by Targeting Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910695. [PMID: 34639035 PMCID: PMC8509773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer persists as a global challenge due to the extent to which conventional anticancer therapies pose high risks counterbalanced with their therapeutic benefit. Naturally occurring substances stand as an important safer alternative source for anticancer drug development. In the current study, a series of modified lupane and ursane derivatives was subjected to in vitro screening on the NCI-60 cancer cell line panel. Compounds 6 and 7 have been identified as highly active with GI50 values ranging from 0.03 µM to 5.9 µM (compound 6) and 0.18–1.53 µM (compound 7). Thus, these two compounds were further assessed in detail in order to identify a possible antiproliferative mechanism of action. DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining revealed that both compounds induced nuclei condensation and overall cell morphological changes consistent with apoptotic cell death. rtPCR analysis showed that both compounds induced upregulation of proapoptotic Bak and Bad genes while downregulating Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 antiapoptotic genes. Molecular docking analysis revealed that both compounds exhibited high scores for Bcl-XL inhibition, while compound 7 showed higher in silico Bcl-XL inhibition potential as compared to the native inhibitor ATB-737, suggesting that compounds may induce apoptotic cell death through targeted antiapoptotic protein inhibition, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Kazakova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC, Russian Academy of Science RAS, pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (M.B.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Codruța Șoica
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marat Babaev
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC, Russian Academy of Science RAS, pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (M.B.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Anastasiya Petrova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC, Russian Academy of Science RAS, pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (M.B.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Elmira Khusnutdinova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC, Russian Academy of Science RAS, pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (M.B.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexander Poptsov
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC, Russian Academy of Science RAS, pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (M.B.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Ioana Macașoi
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - George Drăghici
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ștefana Avram
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Vlaia
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Voicu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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14
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Effect of Poly(L-lysine) and Heparin Coatings on the Surface of Polyester-Based Particles on Prednisolone Release and Biocompatibility. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060801. [PMID: 34072016 PMCID: PMC8229182 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A plethora of micro- and nanoparticle types are currently investigated for advanced ocular treatment due to improved drug retention times, higher bioavailability and better biocompatibility. Yet, comparative studies of both physicochemical and toxicological performance of these novel drug delivery systems are still rare. Herein, poly(L-lactic acid)- and poly(ε-caprolactone)-based micro- and nanoparticles were loaded with prednisolone as a model drug. The physicochemical properties of the particles were varied with respect to their hydrophilicity and size as well as their charge and the effect on prednisolone release was evaluated. The particle biocompatibility was assessed by a two-tier testing strategy, combining the EpiOcularTM eye irritation test and bovine corneal opacity and permeability assay. The biodegradable polyelectrolyte corona on the particles’ surface determined the surface charge and the release rate, enabling prednisolone release for at least 30 days. Thereby, the prednisolone release process was mainly governed by molecular diffusion. Finally, the developed particle formulations were found to be nontoxic in the tested range of concentrations.
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15
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Kundeková B, Máčajová M, Meta M, Čavarga I, Bilčík B. Chorioallantoic Membrane Models of Various Avian Species: Differences and Applications. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040301. [PMID: 33917385 PMCID: PMC8067367 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM) of an avian embryo is used as an experimental model in various fields of research, including angiogenesis research and drug testing, xenografting and cancer research, and other scientific and commercial disciplines in microbiology, biochemistry, cosmetics, etc. It is a low-cost, low-maintenance, and well-available in vivo animal model that is non-sentient and can be used as an alternative for other mammal experimental models. It respects the principles of the "3R" rule (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement)-conditions set out for scientific community providing an essential framework for conducting a more human animal research, which is also in line with constantly raising public awareness of welfare and the ethics related to the use of animal experimental models. In this review, we describe the chorioallantoic membrane of an avian embryo, focusing on its properties and development, its advantages and disadvantages as an experimental model, and the possibilities of its application in various fields of biological research. Since the most common chicken CAM model is already well known and described in many publications, we are particularly focusing on the advantages and application of less known avian species that are used for the CAM model-quail, turkey, and duck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Kundeková
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, CBs SAS, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.Č.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariana Máčajová
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, CBs SAS, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.Č.); (B.B.)
| | - Majlinda Meta
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, CBs SAS, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.Č.); (B.B.)
| | - Ivan Čavarga
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, CBs SAS, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.Č.); (B.B.)
- St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Boris Bilčík
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, CBs SAS, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.Č.); (B.B.)
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16
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Ahmed U, Ahmed R, Masoud MS, Tariq M, Ashfaq UA, Augustine R, Hasan A. Stem cells based in vitro models: trends and prospects in biomaterials cytotoxicity studies. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:042003. [PMID: 33686970 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abe6d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Advanced biomaterials are increasingly used for numerous medical applications from the delivery of cancer-targeted therapeutics to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The issues of foreign body reactions induced by biomaterials must be controlled for preventing treatment failure. Therefore, it is important to assess the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of biomaterials on cell culture systems before proceeding to in vivo studies in animal models and subsequent clinical trials. Direct use of biomaterials on animals create technical challenges and ethical issues and therefore, the use of non-animal models such as stem cell cultures could be useful for determination of their safety. However, failure to recapitulate the complex in vivo microenvironment have largely restricted stem cell cultures for testing the cytotoxicity of biomaterials. Nevertheless, properties of stem cells such as their self-renewal and ability to differentiate into various cell lineages make them an ideal candidate for in vitro screening studies. Furthermore, the application of stem cells in biomaterials screening studies may overcome the challenges associated with the inability to develop a complex heterogeneous tissue using primary cells. Currently, embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells are being used as in vitro preliminary biomaterials testing models with demonstrated advantages over mature primary cell or cell line based in vitro models. This review discusses the status and future directions of in vitro stem cell-based cultures and their derivatives such as spheroids and organoids for the screening of their safety before their application to animal models and human in translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzair Ahmed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000 Punjab, Pakistan
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17
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Faur A, Watz C, Moacă EA, Avram Ş, Borcan F, Pinzaru I, Iftode A, Nicolov M, Popovici RA, Raica M, Szuhanek CA, Dehelean C. Correlations on Phenolic Screening Related to In Vitro and In Ovo Assessment of Ocimum basilicum L. Hydro-Alcoholic Extracts Used as Skin Active Ingredient. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225442. [PMID: 33233640 PMCID: PMC7699777 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was aimed to evaluate the phenolic composition parameters of two hydro-alcoholic extracts of Ocimum basilicum L. (OB) obtained from the aerial part (without leaves) and leaves, in order to determine their contribution to the antioxidant activity (AOA). Both hydro-alcoholic extracts have proven to be rich in polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, flavonols and tannins. Therefore, the leaves’ extracts reveal an inhibition percentage of 89%, almost comparable with the standard reference (95%). To complete the toxicological profile, the study also assessed the potential cytotoxicity of basil hydro-alcoholic extracts on immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT), skin human fibroblasts (1BR3), mice epidermis (JB6Cl41-5a) and primary human melanocytes (HEMa) cells, correlated to A375 antitumor in vitro activity. The extracts did not induce significant cytotoxic effect on any of the selected normal cell lines but showed relevant activity on A375 cells. Considering the low values obtained regarding the irritative effects in the chorionallantoic membrane of the egg on blood vessels, we can emphasize that both extracts can be considered as biocompatible ingredients. Regarding the potential activity of hydro-alcoholic extracts on human skin, the decrease of erythema values after the application of extracts was a relevant observation which indicates the anti-inflammatory potential of Ocimum basilicum L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alin Faur
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Claudia Watz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physics, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.W.); (M.N.)
| | - Elena-Alina Moacă
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.P.); (A.I.); (C.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-745-762-600
| | - Ştefana Avram
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Florin Borcan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Iulia Pinzaru
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.P.); (A.I.); (C.D.)
| | - Andrada Iftode
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.P.); (A.I.); (C.D.)
| | - Mirela Nicolov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physics, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.W.); (M.N.)
| | - Ramona Amina Popovici
- Department of Management, Legislation and Communication in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Marius Raica
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Camelia A. Szuhanek
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.P.); (A.I.); (C.D.)
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18
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Lipid nanocarriers containing Passiflora edulis seeds oil intended for skin application. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 193:111057. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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19
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Güner A. Toxic and irritant effects induced by zearalenone: prevention by taurine. TOXIN REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1777432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adem Güner
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
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20
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Merckx G, Tay H, Lo Monaco M, van Zandvoort M, De Spiegelaere W, Lambrichts I, Bronckaers A. Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay as Model for Angiogenesis in Tissue Engineering: Focus on Stem Cells. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:519-539. [PMID: 32220219 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims to structurally and functionally regenerate damaged tissues, which requires the formation of new blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients by the process of angiogenesis. Stem cells are a promising tool in regenerative medicine due to their combined differentiation and paracrine angiogenic capacities. The study of their proangiogenic properties and associated potential for tissue regeneration requires complex in vivo models comprising all steps of the angiogenic process. The highly vascularized extraembryonic chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of fertilized chicken eggs offers a simple, easy accessible, and cheap angiogenic screening tool compared to other animal models. Although the CAM assay was initially primarily performed for evaluation of tumor growth and metastasis, stem cell studies using this model are increasing. In this review, a detailed summary of angiogenic observations of different mesenchymal, cardiac, and endothelial stem cell types and derivatives in the CAM model is presented. Moreover, we focus on the variation in experimental setup, including the benefits and limitations of in ovo and ex ovo protocols, diverse biological and synthetic scaffolds, imaging techniques, and outcome measures of neovascularization. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of the CAM assay as a model for angiogenesis in tissue engineering in comparison with alternative in vivo animal models are described. Impact statement The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is an easy and cheap screening tool for the angiogenic properties of stem cells and their associated potential in the tissue engineering field. This review offers an overview of all published angiogenic studies of stem cells using this model, with emphasis on the variation in used experimental timeline, culture protocol (in ovo vs. ex ovo), stem cell type (derivatives), scaffolds, and outcome measures of vascularization. The purpose of this overview is to aid tissue engineering researchers to determine the ideal CAM experimental setup based on their specific study goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greet Merckx
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hanna Tay
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Melissa Lo Monaco
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Sciences, Integrated Veterinary Research Unit-Namur Research Institute for Life Science (IVRU-NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Marc van Zandvoort
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM and School for Oncology and Development GROW, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ward De Spiegelaere
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Crosslinked Hyaluronan Electrospun Nanofibers for Ferulic Acid Ocular Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030274. [PMID: 32192007 PMCID: PMC7151120 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospun nanofibers are gaining interest as ocular drug delivery platforms that may adapt to the eye surface and provide sustained release. The aim of this work was to design an innovative ophthalmic insert composed of hyaluronan (HA) nanofibers for the dual delivery of an antioxidant (ferulic acid, FA) and an antimicrobial peptide (ε-polylysine, ε-PL). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was added to facilitate the electrospinning process. Fibers with diameters of approx. 100 nm were obtained with PVP 5%-HA 0.8% w/v and PVP 10%-HA 0.5% w/v mixtures in ethanol:water 4:6 v/v. An increase in PVP concentration to 20% w/v in both presence and absence of HA rendered fibers of approx. 1 µm. PVP 5%-HA 0.8% w/v fibers were loaded with 83.3 ± 14.0 µg FA per mg. After nanofibers crosslinking with ε-PL, blank and FA-loaded inserts showed a mean thickness of 270 ± 21 µm and 273 ± 41 µm, respectively. Blank and FA-loaded inserts completely released ε-PL within 30 min under sink conditions, whereas FA-loaded inserts released the antioxidant within 20 min. Both blank and FA-loaded inserts were challenged against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, demonstrating their efficacy against relevant microbial species.
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Pfitzner M, Preuß A, Röder B. A new level of in vivo singlet molecular oxygen luminescence measurements. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 29:101613. [PMID: 31812543 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.101613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Singlet oxygen is known to be the main mediator of the photodynamic effect. The kinetics of its generation and deactivation allows for insights in the microenvironment and efficacy of the photodynamic effect. Therefore, it is highly desirable to perform direct and time resolved measurements of singlet molecular oxygen (1O2) as well as data analysis during the therapy. METHODS In this work, tumors grown on the CAM of chicken embryos as well as blood vessels were scanned after injection of the photosensitizer Foslip®, yielding time resolved singlet molecular oxygen luminescence. Using a custom-made trifurcated fiber, it is possible to simultaneously detect time resolved NIR luminescence as well as spectrally resolved UV/VIS fluorescence. RESULTS After photosensitizer application the singlet oxygen luminescence kinetics for tumors grown on the CAM of chicken embryos as well as for mixed venous and arterialized blood were recorded. Data was analyzed by traditional fitting as well as a novel and robust approach, reducing the time resolved data to a a meaningful minimum. Both approaches show the differences between blood of different oxygen saturation as well as tumor tissue. CONCLUSIONS This work shows for the first time the possibility of deducing the oxygen content during photodynamic therapy by measuring singlet oxygen kinetics in tissue. If more oxygen is consumed - due to chemical quenching during PDT - than is subsequently diffused, oxygen depletion occurs, resulting in inefficiency of the photodynamic effect. These results represent a major step towards live monitoring of therapy success and thus towards the possibility of direct control of PDT efficiency in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pfitzner
- Department of Physics, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annegret Preuß
- Department of Physics, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Röder
- Department of Physics, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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Güner A, Nalbantsoy A, Sukatar A, Karabay Yavaşoğlu NÜ. Apoptosis-inducing activities of Halopteris scoparia L. Sauvageau (Brown algae) on cancer cells and its biosafety and antioxidant properties. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:687-704. [PMID: 30969390 PMCID: PMC6546795 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to reveal the biological activities and in vivo toxicity profiles of n-hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts of brown algae Halopteris scoparia L. Sauvageau. In this study, extracts were tested for their phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities. The cytotoxic activities of the extracts against cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa), colon colorectal adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) cells were assessed by MTT assay and total RNAs derived from cell lines to analyze gene expression were analyzed by Real Time Ready Human Apoptosis Panel 96. Also, in vivo toxicity and irritation effects of extracts were evaluated by LD50 acute toxicity test and Hen's egg test chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) assay, respectively. Our results showed that the phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined only in methanol extract (33.20 ± 1.41 mg GAE/g and 1.26 ± 0.95 mg QE/g). Also, n-hexane has a broader spectrum of content than methanol and chloroform extracts. Furthermore, n-hexane extract in DPPH and methanol extract in ABTS+ exhibited the best antioxidant activity. In addition, MTT results revealed that each three extracts cause a significant reduction in cell viability, especially in HeLa cells. When the apoptotic gene expressions were examined after treatment of extracts, the expression of many pro-apoptotic genes in both caspase-independent and caspase-dependent intrinsic and extrinsic pathways increased. These findings suggest that, considering that it had not led to irritation and toxicity in vivo, edible H. scoparia is a natural antioxidant and its apoptotic/cytotoxic activities can potentially be used against human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Güner
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, Giresun University, Güre, Giresun 28200 Turkey
| | - Ayşe Nalbantsoy
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100 Turkey
| | - Atakan Sukatar
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100 Turkey
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Cyclosporine-loaded cross-linked inserts of sodium hyaluronan and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin for ocular administration. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 201:308-316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Güner A, Karabay Yavaşoğlu NÜ. Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antimutagenic Activity with Irritation Effects of Ceramium rubrum (Red Algae) Extract. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2018. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.432654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Muke S, Kaikini A, Peshattiwar V, Bagle S, Dighe V, Sathaye S. Neuroprotective Effect of Coumarin Nasal Formulation: Kindling Model Assessment of Epilepsy. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:992. [PMID: 30233371 PMCID: PMC6129593 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a brain disorder characterized by sudden recurrent seizures. Considering the fact that epileptogenesis is a process that affects the quality of life, our goal is to delay the process of epileptogenesis and to increase the latency of epileptic attacks, offering better quality of life to patients. Traditional system of medicines has a promise in some of the medicines, which have been used for the treatment of epilepsy. One such medicinal plant is Eclipta alba (EA). According to Ayurvedic philosophy, the juice of leaves of EA is pounded with garlic and pepper for the treatment of epilepsy. Taking clue from the Ayurvedic system of medicines, we formulated coumarin fraction of EA, namely, coumarin nasal formulation (CNF) for its nasal delivery. CNF was analyzed by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy for its drug content determination. In vitro drug release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) maintaining constant pH of 5.5 at 37°C. Irritation by CNF was evaluated using hen's egg test chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) assay. Formulation was found to be non-irritant in HET-CAM assay. CNF was further assessed in vivo by measuring the progress and attainment of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling in mice. Neuronal changes were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Nissl staining technique. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) a neuroinflammatory marker and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) an inflammatory marker were also measured. CNF (10 mg/kg, nasal route) when given as a pretreatment lowered seizure score and delayed the progression of seizure similar to diazepam. CNF decreased the PTZ induced oxidative damage, TNF-α as well as GFAP levels in the midbrain tissue particularly in hippocampus region. The results suggest that CNF may be a promising therapeutic approach to offer protection from sudden recurrent seizures alone or in combination with current drugs in management of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Muke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Aakruti Kaikini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Vaibhavi Peshattiwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Sneha Bagle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Vikas Dighe
- Preclinical Reproductive and Genetic Toxicology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Sadhana Sathaye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
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27
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Looft A, Pfitzner M, Preuß A, Röder B. In vivo singlet molecular oxygen measurements: Sensitive to changes in oxygen saturation during PDT. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 23:325-330. [PMID: 30026074 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct singlet molecular oxygen detection is known to be a valuable tool for understanding photodynamic action. It could become useful for optimizing illumination schedules in photodynamic therapy. The method of time resolved singlet molecular oxygen luminescence detection can give insights into generation of singlet oxygen and its interaction with the environment and therefore possibly allows monitoring the treatments efficacy. Due to high requirements for sensitivity as well as time resolution it has not yet been used in situ. The latest improvements in the detection system make in vivo time resolved singlet molecular oxygen luminescence detection possible. METHODS In this work, blood vessels in the chicken embryo CAM-model were scanned after injection of the photosensitizer Foslip®, yielding time resolved singlet molecular oxygen luminescence. A custom-made trifurcated fiber in combination with a dye laser, a photomultiplier tube and a fiber spectrometer was utilized for simultaneous excitation, singlet molecular oxygen luminescence and photosensitizer fluorescence detection. RESULTS Singlet oxygen luminescence kinetics for mixed venous and arterialized blood in chicken embryos using the CAM-model were recorded. The data analysis resulted in two distinct and distinguishable photosensitizer triplet lifetimes corresponding to the high and low oxygen partial pressures in the oxygen-rich arterialized blood and oxygen-poor mixed venous blood. CONCLUSIONS The sensitivity of direct singlet molecular oxygen luminescence detection to different oxygen partial pressures could be shown in vivo. Therefore, this study is a first step towards optimizing the illumination conditions of photodynamic treatment in situ by real time monitoring of the oxygen partial pressure within the target tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Looft
- Department of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Pfitzner
- Department of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annegret Preuß
- Department of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Röder
- Department of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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Ribatti D. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 70:97-101. [PMID: 27832950 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
During avian development the mesodermal layers of the allantois and chorion fuse to form the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). This structure rapidly expands generating a rich vascular network that provides an interface for gas and waste exchange. The CAM allows to study tissue grafts, tumor growth and metastasis, drugs delivery and toxicologic analysis, and angiogenic and anti-angiogenic molecules. The CAM is relatively simple, quick, and low-cost model that allows screening of a large number of pharmacological samples in a short time; does not require administrative procedures for obtaining ethics committee approval for animal experimentation. Moreover, being naturally immunodeficient, the chick embryo may receive transplantations from different tissues and species, without immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy, National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy.
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29
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Ribatti D. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). A multifaceted experimental model. Mech Dev 2016; 141:70-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Kue CS, Tan KY, Lam ML, Lee HB. Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM): an alternative predictive model in acute toxicological studies for anti-cancer drugs. Exp Anim 2015; 64:129-38. [PMID: 25736707 PMCID: PMC4427727 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.14-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a preclinical model widely used for
vascular and anti-vascular effects of therapeutic agents in vivo. In this
study, we examine the suitability of CAM as a predictive model for acute toxicology
studies of drugs by comparing it to conventional mouse and rat models for 10 FDA-approved
anticancer drugs (paclitaxel, carmustine, camptothecin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine,
cisplatin, aloin, mitomycin C, actinomycin-D, melphalan). Suitable formulations for
intravenous administration were determined before the average of median lethal dose
(LD50) and median survival dose (SD50) in the CAM were measured
and calculated for these drugs. The resultant ideal LD50 values were correlated
to those reported in the literature using Pearson’s correlation test for both intravenous
and intraperitoneal routes of injection in rodents. Our results showed moderate
correlations (r2=0.42 − 0.68, P<0.005–0.05) between the
ideal LD50 values obtained using the CAM model with LD50 values from
mice and rats models for both intravenous and intraperitoneal administrations, suggesting
that the chick embryo may be a suitable alternative model for acute drug toxicity
screening before embarking on full toxicological investigations in rodents in development
of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Siang Kue
- Cancer Research Initiative Foundation (CARIF), Sime Darby Medical Centre, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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31
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Jang Y, Kim JE, Jeong SH, Cho MH. Towards a strategic approaches in alternative tests for pesticide safety. Toxicol Res 2014; 30:159-68. [PMID: 25343009 PMCID: PMC4206742 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2014.30.3.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticides have provided significant benefits including plant disease control and increased crop yields since people developed and utilized them. However, pesticide use is associated with many adverse effects, which necessitate precise toxicological tests and risk assessment. Most of these methods are based on animal studies, but considerations of animal welfare and ethics require the development of alternative methods for the evaluation of pesticide toxicity. Although the usage of laboratory animals is inevitable in scientific evaluation and alternative approaches have limitations in the whole coverage, continuous effort is necessary to minimize animal use and to develop reliable alternative tests for pesticide evaluation. This review discusses alternative approaches for pesticide toxicity tests and hazard evaluation that have been used in peer-reviewed reports and could be applied in future studies based on the critical animal research principles of reduction, replacement, and refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonjeong Jang
- Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Jeong
- Department of Bio Applied Toxicology, Hoseo Toxicology Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
| | - Myung-Haing Cho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Korea
- Graduate Group of Tumor Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Korea
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Katzer T, Chaves P, Bernardi A, Pohlmann A, Guterres SS, Ruver Beck RC. Prednisolone-loaded nanocapsules as ocular drug delivery system: development,in vitrodrug release and eye toxicity. J Microencapsul 2014; 31:519-28. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2013.879930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hao J, Wang X, Bi Y, Teng Y, Wang J, Li F, Li Q, Zhang J, Guo F, Liu J. Fabrication of a composite system combining solid lipid nanoparticles and thermosensitive hydrogel for challenging ophthalmic drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 114:111-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Katzer T, Chaves P, Bernardi A, Pohlmann AR, Guterres SS, Beck RCR. Castor oil and mineral oil nanoemulsion: development and compatibility with a soft contact lens. Pharm Dev Technol 2013; 19:232-7. [PMID: 23432619 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2013.769569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The non-invasive ophthalmic therapy has a drawback: low residence time in the eye socket. Nanoparticles and contact lenses have been studied as promising ocular drug delivery systems. OBJECTIVE To develop a nanoemulsion and evaluate its compatibility with a soft contact lens as a potential strategy for ocular delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS The formulations were developed by spontaneous emulsification and fully characterized. Two drops of nanoemulsion were instilled on the surface of a commercial contact lens and its transparency was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Before and after the instillation of the drops, the morphology (scanning electron microscopy - SEM) and ion permeability of the lenses were analyzed. RESULTS The formulations had a mean particle size of 234 nm, polydispersity below 0.16, zeta potential of -8.56 ± 3.49 mV, slightly acid pH, viscosity ≈1.2 mPa s(-1) and spherical-shaped particles. Nanoemulsion was non-irritant (hen's egg test-chorioallantoic membrane), which was confirmed by the cytotoxicity studies in the SIRC cell cultures. After instillation, SEM analysis showed nanodroplets inside and on the surface of the lenses, although their transparency remained near 100%. No significant differences were found between lens ion permeability coefficients before and after instillation. CONCLUSIONS Formulations presented appropriate physicochemical characteristics and suitability for ocular application. The contact lens remained transparent and ion-permeable after association with the formulation.
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Rajpal Deshmukh G, Hema Kumar K, Suresh Reddy PV, Srinivasa Rao B, Venkata Satish Kumar C. Evaluation of Eye Irritation Potential of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Achyranthes aspera by In Vitro and In Vivo Method. ISRN TOXICOLOGY 2012; 2012:693489. [PMID: 23724295 PMCID: PMC3658502 DOI: 10.5402/2012/693489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present paper is an attempt to investigate the eye irritation potential of aqueous leaf extract of Achyranthes aspera by in vitro, Hen's Egg Chorioallantoic Membrane Test (HET-CAM) and in vivo acute eye irritation test in rabbits. The irritation score (IS) obtained after treatment of the extract on HET-CAM is 0.07 and that of in rabbits is 0.55, Which does not comes under either category 1 or 2 as per the harmonized integrated classification system. The aqueous extract of Achyranthes aspera showed no eye irritation properties both in vitro and in vivo methods when compared with negative control whereas positive controls showed eye irritation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan Rajpal Deshmukh
- Toxicology, Aptus Biosciences Private Limited, SVS Medical College Campus, Yenugonda, Andhra Pradesh, Mahabubnagar 509 002, India
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Marquardt C, Matuschek E, Bölke E, Gerber PA, Peiper M, V Seydlitz-Kurzbach J, Buhren BA, van Griensven M, Budach W, Hassan M, Kukova G, Mota R, Höfer D, Orth K, Fleischmann W. Evaluation of the tissue toxicity of antiseptics by the hen's egg test on the chorioallantoic membrane (HETCAM). Eur J Med Res 2010; 15:204-9. [PMID: 20562059 PMCID: PMC3352009 DOI: 10.1186/2047-783x-15-5-204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antiseptics are frequently used for the prophylaxis and treatment of local infections of chronic wounds. Whereas local antiseptics in general have a positive effect on wound healing an uncritical use may impair wound healing due to toxic side effects. Objective We sought to assess the vascular irritation potential of different antiseptic solutions and ointments commonly used for short and long term application as a measure of tissue toxicity. Method The vascular irritation was evaluated by the hen's egg test (HET) on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). The effects on the vessels of a mucous membrane were directly assessed by stereomicroscopic observation in vivo. Results Severe CAM irritation was observed after short-term applications of 1% octenidin-2HCl (Octeni sept™), 72% isopropanol (Cutasept™), 0.35% chloroxylenol (Dettol™) and 10% PVP-I ointment (Betaisodona™). Medium irritations were observed for 10% PVP-I solution (Betaisodona™), 3% lysosomal PVP-I ointment (Repithel™), 1.8% cadexomer-iodine ointment (Iodosorb™) and 1% cadexomer-iodine pellets (Iodosorb™). Finally, slight irritations were observed for 1% PVP-I solution (Betaisodona™), 0.1% polyhexanid plus betain (Prontosan™) and 1% silver-sulfadiazine ointment (Flammazine™), whereas 0.04% polyhexanid solution (Lavanid™), washings from sterile maggots of Lucilia sericata and filtrated enzymes from Clostridium histolyticum (Iruxol-N™) showed no effects of irritation. In the long-term approaches, no vascular irritations were found for polyhexanid, washings from Lucilia sericata and enzyme filtrations from Clostridium histolyticum. Conclusion The vascular injuries caused by the studied antiseptics are an indirect indicator of their tissue toxicity. Strikingly, even therapeutic substances, which have been regarded as safe in their application for the treatment of chronic wounds in clinical studies, showed severe irritations on the CAM. We suggest that agents with no or low irritation potential on the CAM should be preferred in the clinical practice in order to obtain optimal results.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Marquardt
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Klinikum Ludwigsburg, Germany
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Kishore AS, Surekha P, Murthy PB. Assessment of the dermal and ocular irritation potential of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by using in vitro and in vivo methods. Toxicol Lett 2009; 191:268-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Revised: 09/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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