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Oh H, Karcher NR, Li Verdugo J, Botello R, DeVylder JE, Anglin D. Ethno-racial disparities in psychosis-like experiences among students in higher education: Findings from the Healthy Minds Study 2020-2021. Psychiatry Res 2024; 337:115959. [PMID: 38749075 PMCID: PMC11246701 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethno-racial variations of psychosis-like experiences exist in the general population; however, it is unknown whether this variation exists among emerging adults in higher education, and whether there are differences across ethnic groups within racial categories. METHODS Using the Health Minds Study data from 2020 to 2021, we used multivariable logistic regression models to examine race/ethnicity and psychosis-like experiences, adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, international student status). We then adjusted for food insecurity, parental education, and social belonging. RESULTS Black, Hispanic/Latinx, multiracial, and American Indian/Alaska Native students had greater odds of 12-month psychosis-like experiences when compared with White students. These associations attenuated and were no longer statistically significant for Black and Hispanic/Latinx students after adjusting for food insecurity and parental education. Multiracial and American Indian/Alaska Native students still had greater odds of psychosis-like experiences after further adjusting for sense of belonging. When looking at ethnic subgroups, Filipinx and multi-ethnic Asian students had significantly greater odds than East Asian students, and multi-ethnic Black students had greater odds than African Americans. CONCLUSION Odds of psychosis-like experiences vary across and within ethno-racial categories among emerging adults in higher education. Future research may explore psychosis as a disparity impacting Native American/Alaska Native and multiracial/multi-ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Oh
- University of Southern California, United States.
| | - Nicole R Karcher
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, United States
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Yap AU, Lai YC, Ho HCW. Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and their associated factors in Confucian heritage cultures: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Oral Rehabil 2024. [PMID: 38873743 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) may be an 'idiom' of psychological distress in Confucian heritage cultures (CHCs). OBJECTIVES This systematic review/meta-analysis estimated the prevalence of TMDs in CHCs and compared the differences in TMD occurrence between time periods and age groups. Additionally, the associated biopsychosocial risk factors were also examined. METHODS The study protocol was developed a priori following the PRISMA guidelines and Joanna Briggs Institute systematic review methodology (CRD42021245526). Electronic searches of seven databases were conducted from January 2002 to Dec 2021. Reference lists of identified studies were hand-searched for additional articles. Study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction were done. Meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS Forty-eight articles were included in the systematic review. Overall prevalences were: TMDs-15% (95% CI: 15-16%); TMD pain-8% (95% CI: 7-9%); TMJ sounds-24% (95% CI: 21-27%); and TMJ locking-7% (95% CI: 1-13%). While TMD prevalence appeared to have declined from 2002 to 2011 to 2012-2021, the occurrence of TMD pain, TMJ sounds, and locking increased marginally or remained constant. TMD prevalence in children/adolescents was 18% (95% CI: 14-22%) and 17% (95% CI: 16-18%) among adults. Significant associations between TMDs and bruxism/psychological distress/education levels were specified by 73%/90%/88% of the relevant studies. CONCLUSIONS TMDs are prevalent in CHCs and a slight increase in TMD pain (2%) and TMJ sounds (8%) were discerned over the past two decades. TMDs are related to a myriad of biopsychosocial variables, particularly psychological distress, and these factors must be addressed within the cultural context of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Ujin Yap
- Department of Dentistry, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital and Faculty of Dentistry, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore and Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ye Choung Lai
- Department of Dentistry, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital and Faculty of Dentistry, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henry Chee Wai Ho
- Department of Dentistry, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital and Faculty of Dentistry, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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McGarity-Palmer R, Saw A, Horse AJY, Yi SS, Tsoh J, Takeuchi D. Profiles of a COVID-19 Syndemic: Anti-Asian Racism, Economic Challenges, and Mental and Physical Health. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:300-312. [PMID: 36692660 PMCID: PMC9872729 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, Asians/Asian Americans have experienced co-occurring threats of anti-Asian racism, economic challenges, and negative mental and physical health symptoms. OBJECTIVES We examined the co-occurrence of COVID-19-related anti-Asian discrimination and collective racism, economic stressors, and mental and physical health challenges for Asians/Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also examined Asian/Asian American subgroups associated with these threats. METHODS Nationally representative data from the 2021 Asian American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander COVID-19 Needs Assessment Project (unweighted N = 3,508) were used to conduct a latent profile analysis to identify unique typologies of the co-occurrence of these threats. We also conducted chi-square analyses to investigate subgroup differences by latent profile. RESULTS We identified five distinct latent profiles: multi-threat impact, low impact, collective racism, health challenges, and economic/health challenges. Forty percent of Asians/Asian Americans were in the multi-threat impact profile, indicating high levels across COVID-19-related threats. Subgroup analyses revealed significant differences in profile membership. East Asians, US-born Asians/Asian Americans, and those aged 25-44 seemed to be particularly affected by the proposed syndemic; results also differed by income. CONCLUSION Asians/Asian Americans have experienced co-occurring and interrelated threats during COVID-19 that suggest the presence of a syndemic. Results from our study point to vulnerable Asian/Asian American subgroups and the need for targeted public health efforts to address racism, health challenges, and economic challenges in the context of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca McGarity-Palmer
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, 2219 N. Kenmore Ave., Byrne Hall 560, Chicago, IL, 60614, USA
- Analyst Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anne Saw
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, 2219 N. Kenmore Ave., Byrne Hall 560, Chicago, IL, 60614, USA.
| | | | - Stella S Yi
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Janice Tsoh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David Takeuchi
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Oh H, Verdugo JL, Karcher NR, van der Ven E, Koyanagi A, Smith L, DeVylder JE. Ethno-racial variation in psychotic experiences in the United States: Findings from the National Latino and Asian American Survey and the National Survey of American Life. Schizophr Res 2023; 262:55-59. [PMID: 37925751 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethno-racial differences in psychosis risk are documented; however, there is less research on whether these differences extend to sub-threshold psychotic experiences, and whether there is significant variation within ethno-racial categories. METHODS We analyzed data from the National Latino and Asian American Survey (NLAAS) and the National Survey of American Life (NSAL). Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined the association between race/ethnicity and lifetime psychotic experiences among Latino, Asian, and Black adults in the general population, adjusting for gender, age, nativity, education level, income level, employment status, and everyday discrimination. RESULTS Puerto Ricans, Cubans, and other Hispanics had greater odds of lifetime psychotic experiences when compared with Mexicans, though differences diminished when adjusting for covariates. Filipino and other Asians had greater odds of lifetime psychotic experiences when compared with Chinese, though again, differences diminished when adjusting for covariates. Among Black Americans, there were no significant ethnic subgroup differences. CONCLUSION Ethno-racial differences extend across the psychosis continuum. There are nuanced health profiles across and within ethno-racial categories. Differences may be attributable to differences in experiences living in the US, underscoring the need for community-specific interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, United States.
| | | | - Nicole R Karcher
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, United States
| | - Els van der Ven
- Dept of Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jordan E DeVylder
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, United States
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Nápoles AM, Stewart AL, Strassle PD, Alhomsi A, Quintero S, Ponce S, Wilkerson M, Bonilla J. Depression Symptoms, Perceived Stress, and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Diverse US Racial-Ethnic Groups. Health Equity 2023; 7:364-376. [PMID: 37351533 PMCID: PMC10282966 DOI: 10.1089/heq.2022.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Studies have reported increases in psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to estimate associations between race-ethnicity and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic among nationally representative samples of all major racial-ethnic groups in the United States. Methods We conducted a nationally representative cross-sectional survey between December 2020 and February 2021 of Asian, black/African American, Latino (English and Spanish speaking), American Indian/Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, white, and multiracial adults (n=5500). Distress measures included: anxiety-depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-4 [PHQ-4]), stress (modified Perceived Stress Scale), and loneliness-isolation (frequency felt lonely and isolated). Multinomial logistic regression models estimated associations between race-ethnicity and psychological distress, adjusting for demographic and health characteristics. Results Overall, 23.7% reported moderate/severe anxiety-depression symptoms, 34.3% reported moderate/severe stress, and 21.3% reported feeling lonely-isolated fairly/very often. Compared with white adults and adjusting for covariates, the prevalence of moderate/severe anxiety-depression was significantly lower among Asian (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.34-0.58), black (aOR=0.49, 95% CI=0.38-0.63), English-speaking Latino (aOR=0.62, 95% CI=0.45-0.85), Spanish-speaking Latino (aOR=0.31, 95% CI=0.22-0.44), and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (aOR=0.66, 95% CI=0.49-0.90) adults. Similar trends were seen for moderate/severe stress and feeling lonely-isolated fairly/very often. Worse distress profiles of American Indian/Alaska Native and multiracial adults were attenuated after adjustment. Conclusions Minoritized groups tended to have less distress than white adults. Collective experiences of cumulative disadvantage could engender shared resiliency/normalization among these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna María Nápoles
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anita L. Stewart
- Center for Aging in Diverse Communities, Institute for Health and Aging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Paula D. Strassle
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alia Alhomsi
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephanie Quintero
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephanie Ponce
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Miciah Wilkerson
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jackie Bonilla
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Luo Y, Li Q, Jeong H, Cheatham L. The association between social determinants of health and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: a secondary analysis among four racial/ethnic groups. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2193. [PMID: 36443734 PMCID: PMC9702892 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14486-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial disparities in psychological distress associated with COVID-19 remain unclear in the U.S. This study aims to investigate the associations between social determinants of health and COVID-19-related psychological distress across different racial/ethnic groups in the US (i.e., non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanic, non-Hispanic Asians, and non-Hispanic African Americans). METHODS This study used cross-sectional data from the 2020 California Health Interview Survey Adult Data Files (N = 21,280). Adjusting for covariates-including age, gender, COVID-19 pandemic challenges, and risk of severe illness from COVID-19-four sets of weighted binary logistic regressions were conducted. RESULTS The rates of moderate/severe psychological distress significantly varied across four racial/ethnic groups (p < 0.001), with the highest rate found in the Hispanic group. Across the five domains of social determinants of health, we found that unemployment, food insecurity, housing instability, high educational attainment, usual source of health care, delayed medical care, and low neighborhood social cohesion and safety were associated with high levels of psychological distress in at least one racial/ethnic group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that Hispanic adults face more adverse social determinants of health and are disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. Public health practice and policy should highlight social determinants of heath that are associated with different racial/ethnic groups and develop tailored programs to reduce psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- grid.411015.00000 0001 0727 7545School of Social Work, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401 USA ,grid.410445.00000 0001 2188 0957The University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, HI Honolulu, USA
| | - Qingyi Li
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA
| | - Haelim Jeong
- grid.411015.00000 0001 0727 7545School of Social Work, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401 USA
| | - Leah Cheatham
- grid.411015.00000 0001 0727 7545School of Social Work, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401 USA
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Li CC, Matthews AK, Yen PS, Chen YF, Dong X. The influence of perceived discrimination in healthcare settings on psychological distress among a diverse sample of older Asian Americans. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:1874-1881. [PMID: 34319179 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1958146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between discrimination in healthcare settings and psychological distress. METHOD This study utilized a retrospective cross-sectional study design. The dataset was obtained from 2015-2017 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). Healthcare discrimination experience (yes, no) was measured using the following question "Over your entire lifetime, how often have you been treated unfairly when getting medical care (never, rarely, sometimes, often)?". Psychological distress was the study outcome and was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. A composite score (0-24) was created for psychological distress for the prior 30 days and for the worse most in the past 12 months. A hierarchical multivariate linear regression was conducted to examine the influence of healthcare discrimination experience on psychological distress after adjusting for other covariates. RESULTS Study participants (weighted N = 1,360,487) had a mean age of 64.35 years (SD = 0.61), were primarily female (54.93%), heterosexual (96.61%), and married or living with a partner (73.37%). About 10.00% of older Asian Americans ever perceived healthcare discrimination over their entire lifetime. Perceived discrimination was associated with higher levels of psychological distress for the past 30 days (beta= 2.107, SE = 0.662, p < 0.05) and for the worst month in the past year (beta= 2.099, SE = 0.697, p < 0.05) after controlling for covariates. CONCLUSION Self-reported discrimination was relatively low in this sample of older Asian American adults. However, consistent with prior research, perceived discrimination in the healthcare setting was associated with increased psychological distress. The findings have implications for improving the quality of health care services received.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ching Li
- Department of Health Systems Management, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alicia K Matthews
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Pei-Shan Yen
- Center for Clinical Translational Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- Center for Clinical Translational Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - XinQi Dong
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Kiang L, Stein GL, Juang LP. Ethnic and Racial Identity of Immigrants and Effects on Mental Health. Curr Opin Psychol 2022; 47:101424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sun M, Tran D, Bach A, Ngo U, Tran T, Do T, Meyer OL. Impact of War and Resettlement on Vietnamese Families Facing Dementia: A Qualitative Study. Clin Gerontol 2022; 45:798-807. [PMID: 35485807 PMCID: PMC9680835 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2071661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most Vietnamese immigrants in the U.S. today arrived as political refugees due to the Vietnam War in the late 20th century. Refugees are disproportionally affected by health and mental health disparities as a result of experiencing distress and potentially traumatic experiences before, during, and after their migration processes. This study involved Vietnamese families facing dementia and used a qualitative approach to investigate participants' experiences before, during, and right after their resettlement in the U.S. METHODS In-person interviews were conducted with 11 Vietnamese adults who cared for their family member with dementia. A descriptive analysis approach was used. RESULTS Five major themes emerged from the interviews:1) immigrating separately from family members, 2) difficult and unsafe journeys, 3) experiences of loss, 4) lack of support systems in the U.S., and 5) feelings of unhappiness, sadness, or signs of depression. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a close examination of Vietnamese refugees' unique backgrounds and how individuals with dementia and their caregivers from this population may be disproportionally impacted by stress. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS To reduce health disparities, we recommend that providers and policymakers allocate more resources for culturally appropriate routine assessment, treatment, and referrals of those with dementia and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Sun
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Duyen Tran
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Anna Bach
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Uyen Ngo
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Tiffany Tran
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Thuy Do
- Asian Resources Inc., Sacramento, CA 95824, USA
| | - Oanh L. Meyer
- University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Tong H, Lung Y, Lin SL, Kobayashi KM, Davison KM, Agbeyaka S, Fuller-Thomson E. Refugee status is associated with double the odds of psychological distress in mid-to-late life: Findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2021; 67:747-760. [PMID: 33176526 DOI: 10.1177/0020764020971003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Psychological distress is associated with a range of negative outcomes including lower quality of life and an increased risk of premature all-cause mortality. The prevalence of, and factors associated with, psychological distress among middle-aged and older Canadians are understudied. Using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) baseline data, this study examined factors associated with psychological distress among adults between 45 and 85 years, including refugee status and a wide range of sociodemographic, health-related and social support characteristics. Psychological distress was measured by Kessler's Psychological Distress Scale-K10 scores. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. The prevalence of psychological distress was significantly higher among the 244 refugees (23.8%), compared to 23,149 Canadian-born Canadians (12.8%) and 4,765 non-refugee immigrants (12.6%), despite the fact that the average time the refugees had lived in Canada was more than four decades. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis indicated refugees had twice the age-sex adjusted odds of psychological distress (OR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.74, 3.07). Even after further adjustment for 16 potential risk factors, a significant relationship remained between refugee status and psychological distress (OR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.12, 2.17). Other significant factors associated with psychological distress included younger age, female gender, visible minority status, lower household income, not having an undergraduate degree, multimorbidities, chronic pain, and lack of social support. Policies and interventions addressing psychological distress among Canadians in mid- to later life should target refugees and other vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Lung
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Karen M Davison
- Kwantlen Polytechnic University and University of Hawai'I, Surrey, BC, Canada
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11
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Siddiqui SM. Mistreatment in Medical Care and Psychological Distress among Asian Americans. J Immigr Minor Health 2021; 24:963-969. [PMID: 34286402 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-021-01249-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Although studies have shown that discrimination is linked to poor mental health, less is known about this relationship in the context of healthcare and how it varies for different Asian subgroups. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between mistreatment in medical care and psychological distress among a diverse sample of Asian Americans. Data were drawn from the 2015-2017 California Health Interview Survey. A series of regression models were estimated to test the association between mistreatment in medical care and psychological distress. Various Asian subgroups showed different levels of psychological distress. Mistreatment in medical care was also linked to worse mental health. Findings, however, did not show significant differences in the interaction between mistreatment and ethnicity on psychological distress. This study advances knowledge on the experiences of Asian Americans and contributes to the literature showing the impact of discrimination on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Mohammed Siddiqui
- Department of Sociology, Population Research Center, RLP 2.622L, University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, Stop #G1800, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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12
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Williams MR, Do DP. The Compounded Burden of Poverty on Mental Health for People with Disabilities. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 36:419-431. [PMID: 33832403 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2021.1905579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using 2008-2017 National Health Interview Survey data (N = 127,973), we investigated the relationship between income and psychological distress, measured by the Kessler 6 (K6) Scale (range 0-24), net of education, employment, and other sociodemographic characteristics. Regression models allowed the association to differ by disability status and number of disabilities. Lower income predicted higher psychological distress for those with and without disabilities. However, the adverse association was stronger among people with disabilities. Compared to those with incomes at least four times the poverty threshold, poor individuals with disabilities scored 2.81 (95% CI = 2.55,3.67) points higher on the K6 Scale versus 0.58 (95% CI = 0.48,0.69) points higher for those without disabilities. Differences in associations by number of disabilities were not statistically significant. Nonetheless, those with multiple disabilities were still at increased risk of distress because they were disproportionately poor. People with disabilities who are poor are particularly disadvantaged and should be prioritized in outreach efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith R Williams
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - D Phuong Do
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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13
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Koffer RE, Thurston RC, Bromberger JT, Matthews KA. Racial/Ethnic Differences in Women's Life Event Exposure Across Midlife. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 77:272-283. [PMID: 33560407 PMCID: PMC8824596 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stressful life events are associated with poorer physical, cognitive, and mental health. Examining life events trends across midlife illustrates normative experiences of stress in a critical life period for intervention and disease prevention. Further, there is a critical need for research with racially/ethnically diverse samples to identify differences in life event exposure, as they may relate to later health disparities. METHOD Annual life event reports were analyzed from 3,066 White, Black, Hispanic, Chinese, and Japanese women in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Across ages 43-65, longitudinal trajectories were fit to annual number of life events and 9 subcategories of life events (i.e., work problems, economic problems, partner unemployment, illness/accident of loved one, caregiving, bereavement, relationship problems, family legal/police problems, and violent events that happened to the self or family). Racial/ethnic differences were examined, controlling for education. RESULTS Number of annual life events declined with age and plateaued in later midlife. This pattern was largely consistent across types of life events, though family health and bereavement-related life events increased in later midlife. Compared to White women, Black women experienced more life events, while Chinese, Hispanic, and Japanese women experienced fewer life events. Racial/ethnic differences were amplified in specific subtypes of life events. DISCUSSION Racial/ethnic differences in exposure to life events across midlife may contribute to racial/ethnic health disparities in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Koffer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA,Address correspondence to: R. E. Koffer, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 201 N. Craig Street, Suite 200, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. E-mail:
| | - R C Thurston
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J T Bromberger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - K A Matthews
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Jiang JJ, Adia AC, Nazareno J, Operario D, Ponce NA, Shireman TI. The Association Between Moderate and Serious Mental Health Distress and General Health Services Utilization Among Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese Adults in California. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2021; 9:227-235. [PMID: 33452574 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-020-00946-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A growing body of literature has indicated that disaggregated analyses using distinct Asian subgroups allow for identification of varying mental health challenges and health services utilization. In this study, we examined the associations between distress and health services utilization among five Asian subgroups: Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Filipino, and Vietnamese adults in California. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a combined dataset using the 2011-2018 cross-sectional cycles of the California Health Interview survey, we assessed moderate and serious distress and four health services utilization indicators in a set of disaggregated analyses among adults 18 years of age and older in five Asian subgroups. We performed bivariate and multivariable analyses. RESULTS The prevalence of and associations between moderate and serious distress and gaps in health services utilization varied among each Asian subgroup. Koreans had the highest prevalence of moderate and serious distress and the most gaps in health services utilization. Compared to those without moderate distress (p < .05), Japanese adults were more likely to delay care. Compared to those without serious distress (p < .05), Chinese adults who experienced serious distress were more likely to delay both medications and care, whereas Filipino and Vietnamese adults were more likely to delay medications. DISCUSSION Disaggregating health data elucidates the impact of mental distress on healthcare-seeking behaviors among specific Asian subgroups. Identifying these influences can facilitate future tailored interventions, yet fully understanding the mechanism linking mental distress and healthcare usage will necessitate a comprehensive assessment of structural influences and Asian American experiences without otherization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy J Jiang
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Alexander C Adia
- Philippine Health Initiative for Research, Service, & Training, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Jennifer Nazareno
- Philippine Health Initiative for Research, Service, & Training, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Don Operario
- Philippine Health Initiative for Research, Service, & Training, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ninez A Ponce
- UCLA Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theresa I Shireman
- Center for Gerontology & Healthcare Research, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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Terán VG, Velásquez EE, Fuentes MA. Irrational thinking and psychological distress: A cross-racial/ethnic examination. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Davison KM, Lung Y, Lin SL, Tong H, Kobayashi KM, Fuller-Thomson E. Psychological distress in older adults linked to immigrant status, dietary intake, and physical health conditions in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). J Affect Disord 2020; 265:526-537. [PMID: 32090781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological distress increases mortality risk; there is little knowledge about its prevelance and contributory factors in older populations. METHODS Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging baseline data (2010-2015) were analyzed to examine the relationship between Kessler's Psychological Distress Scale-K10 and immigrant status (recent/mid-term,<20 years; long-term, ≥20 years; Canadian-born). Covariates included socioeconomic and health-related variables. Stratified by sex, two series of multinomial logistic regression were used to calculate the likelihood of having mild distress (20 < K10 score ≤24) and moderate/severe distress (K10 score >24). RESULTS Respondents (n = 25,700) were mainly Canadian-born (82.8%), 45-65 years (59.3%), earning <C$100,000/year (58.2%), and had a post-secondary education (78.4%). For women, psychological distress was associated with being a recent/mid-term immigrant(OR=1.76, 99% CI 1.09-2.83), marital status (widowed/divorced/separated, OR=1.62, 99% CI 1.19-2.20), lower education level (<secondary school; OR = 1.95, 99% CI 1.32-2.88), lower intake of fruit and vegetable (≤ 2/day; OR=1.50, 99% CI 1.05-2.14), higher waist-to-height ratio (>cut-off; OR=1.32, 99% CI 1.02-1.70), and higher nutritional risk (ORs = 2.16-3.31, p's <0.001). For men, psychological distress was associated with under-nutrition (grip strength<cut-off, OR=1.57, 99% CI 1.14-2.16). For men and women, psychological distress was associated with age (>56 years, ORs=0.19-0.79, p's<0.01), lower income (≤C$149,000, ORs = 1.68-7.79, p's<0.01), multi-morbidities (ORs = 1.67-4.70, p's<0.01), chronic pain (ORs = 1.67-3.09, p's<0.001) and higher intake of chocolate (≥ 0.6 bar/week, ORs=1.61-2.23, p's<0.001). LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional design prohibits causal inferences. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional factors, immigration status, social, and health-related problems are strongly associated with psychological distress among midlife and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Davison
- Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Canada; University of Hawai'i, USA.
| | - Yu Lung
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work & Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1V4, Canada.
| | - Shen Lamson Lin
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work & Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1V4, Canada.
| | | | | | - Esme Fuller-Thomson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work & Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1V4, Canada; Department of Family & Community Medicine and Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Canada.
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