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Chen L, Dasgupta P, Vasdev N. Use of mixed gas pneumoperitoneum during minimally invasive surgery: a systematic review of human and mouse modelled laparoscopic interventions. J Robot Surg 2024; 18:215. [PMID: 38758349 PMCID: PMC11101563 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-024-01971-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The formation of pneumoperitoneum involves the process of inflating the peritoneal cavity during laparoscopic and typically uses CO2 as the insufflation gas. This review aims to identify ideal gas mixtures for establishing the pneumoperitoneum with animal and human studies undertaken up to the writing of this review. A systematic search of PubMed, OVID, and clinicaltrials.gov was performed to identify studies on the utilisation of mixed gases in laparoscopic surgery, including non-randomised/randomised trials, animal and human studies, and studies with inflating pressures between 12 and 16 mmHg. ROBINS-I and RoB2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias. A narrative synthesis of results was performed due to the heterogeneity of the studies. 5 studies from the database search and 5 studies from citation search comprising 128 animal subjects and 61 human patients were found. These studies collated results based on adhesion formation (6 studies), pain scores (2 studies) and other outcomes, with results favouring the use of carbon dioxide + 10% nitrous oxide + 4% oxygen. This has shown a significant reduction in adhesion formation, pain scores and inflammation. The use of this gas mixture provides promising results for future practice. Several of the studies available require larger sample sizes to develop a more definitive answer on the effects of different gas mixtures. Furthermore, the number of confounding factors in randomised trials should be reduced so that each component of the current suggested gas mixture can be tested for safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Chen
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Prokar Dasgupta
- Department of Urology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nikhil Vasdev
- Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire Urological Cancer Centre, Department of Urology, Lister Hospital, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Stevenage, UK
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
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2
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Liu B, Kong Y, Alimi OA, Kuss MA, Tu H, Hu W, Rafay A, Vikas K, Shi W, Lerner M, Berry WL, Li Y, Carlson MA, Duan B. Multifunctional Microgel-Based Cream Hydrogels for Postoperative Abdominal Adhesion Prevention. ACS NANO 2023; 17:3847-3864. [PMID: 36779870 PMCID: PMC10820954 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative abdominal adhesions are a common problem after surgery and can produce serious complications. Current antiadhesive strategies focus mostly on physical barriers and are unsatisfactory and inefficient. In this study, we designed and synthesized advanced injectable cream-like hydrogels with multiple functionalities, including rapid gelation, self-healing, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-cell adhesion. The multifunctional hydrogels were facilely formed by the conjugation reaction of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid (HA)-based microgels and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) based on the dynamic boronic ester bond. The physicochemical properties of the hydrogels including antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities were systematically characterized. A mouse cecum-abdominal wall adhesion model was implemented to investigate the efficacy of our microgel-based hydrogels in preventing postoperative abdominal adhesions. The hydrogels, with a high molecular weight HA, significantly decreased the inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis and reduced the abdominal adhesion formation, compared to the commercial Seprafilm group or Injury-only group. Label-free quantitative proteomics analysis demonstrated that S100A8 and S100A9 expressions were associated with adhesion formation; the microgel-containing hydrogels inhibited these expressions. The microgel-containing hydrogels with multifunctionality decreased the formation of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions in a murine model, demonstrating promise for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Yunfan Kong
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Olawale A. Alimi
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mitchell A. Kuss
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Huiyin Tu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Wenfeng Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Abu Rafay
- Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Core, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Kumar Vikas
- Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Core, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Wen Shi
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Megan Lerner
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - William L. Berry
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Yulong Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mark A. Carlson
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Surgery-General Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Surgery-General Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
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3
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Sabbagh MG, Aliakbarian M, Khodashahi R, Ferns GA, Rahimi H, Ashrafzadeh K, Tavakkoli M, Arjmand MH. Targeting Lysyl Oxidase as a Potential Therapeutic Approach to Reducing Fibrotic Scars Post-operatively: Its Biological Role in Post-Surgical Scar Development. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:1099-1105. [PMID: 37929723 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501249450231023112949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal and pelvic surgery, or any surgical injury of the peritoneum, often leads to chronic abdominal adhesions that may lead to bowel obstruction, infertility, and pain. Current therapeutic strategies are usually ineffective, and the pathological mechanisms of the disease are unclear. Excess collagen cross-linking is a key mediator for extra-cellular matrix deposition and fibrogenesis. Lysyl oxidase is a key enzyme that catalyzes the formation of stabilizing cross-links in collagen. Dysregulation of Lysyl oxidase (Lox) expressing upregulates collagen cross-linking, leading ECM deposition. Tissue hypoxia during surgery induces molecular mechanisms and active transcription factors to promote the expression of several genes related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis, such as transforming growth factor beta, and Lox. Studies have shown that targeting Lox improves clinical outcomes and fibrotic parameters in liver, lung, and myocardial fibrosis, therefore, Lox may be a potential drug target in the prevention of postsurgical adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Ghorban Sabbagh
- Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Aliakbarian
- Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rozita Khodashahi
- Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon-A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Hoda Rahimi
- Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kiarash Ashrafzadeh
- Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Tavakkoli
- Kidney Transplantation Complication Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Hassan Arjmand
- Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Abstract
Post-surgical adhesions are a major complication leading to organ dysfunctions, pain, intestinal obstruction, and infertility. The incidence of post-surgical adhesion is really high. The factors involved in the pathogenesis of post-surgical fibrosis, are largely unknown, for example why two patients with similar abdominal operation have a different risks of adhesion severity? High secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, includes tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL6), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) by persistent recruitment of immune cells and the inappropriate proliferated fibroblast/mesothelial cells can stimulate signalling pathways particularly TGF-β leads to the up-regulation of some pro-fibrotic genes that impair fibrinolytic activity and promote extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. In this review, we focus on the role of diabetes and hyperglycaemia on post-surgical fibrosis, including the molecular mechanisms affected by hyperglycaemia that cause inflammation, oxidative stress, and increase the expression of pro-fibrotic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Hassan Arjmand
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Yuan Y, Sun W, Kong X. Relationship between metabolically healthy obesity and the development of hypertension: a nationwide population-based study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:150. [PMID: 36229850 PMCID: PMC9559015 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), has been recognized as a transient phenotype with few cardiometabolic diseases; however, little is known regarding the development of hypertension in subjects with an absence of cardiometabolic abnormalities and general obesity evaluated by body mass index (BMI) or abdominal obesity evaluated by waist circumference (WC). METHODS A total of 4764 participants were enrolled from the China Health and Nutrition Survey and followed up from 2009 to 2015, whose fasting blood samples were collected in 2009. Obesity was classified as abdominal obesity (WC ≥ 90 cm in men and ≥ 80 cm in women) and general obesity (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2). Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between MHO and prehypertension (120 < SBP < 140 mmHg or 80 < DBP < 90 mmHg) and hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg). The age- and sex-specific impacts were further analyzed. RESULTS There were 412 (37.9%) participants with prehypertension and 446 (41.0%) participants with hypertension and metabolically healthy abdominal obesity (MHAO). The participants with the MHAO phenotype had significantly higher risks of prehypertension [odds ratio (OR) = 1.89 (1.51-2.36), p < 0.001] and hypertension [OR = 2.58 (2.02-3.30), p < 0.001] than those metabolically healthy but without abdominal obesity. Similar associations were observed in the subjects with metabolically healthy general obesity (MHGO) phenotype, particularly those aged under 64 years. Men with the MHAO phenotype seemed to have higher risks of prehypertension [2.42 (1.52-3.86) in men vs. 1.76 (1.36-2.29) in women] and hypertension [3.80 (2.38-6.06) in men vs. 2.22 (1.64-3.00) in women] than women, when compared with those metabolically healthy but without abdominal obesity. CONCLUSION The MHO phenotype, regardless of the presence of general or abdominal obesity, showed a worse effect on the development of prehypertension and hypertension, particularly in young adults. Abdominal adiposity with a healthy metabolic state is significantly associated with incident hypertension in both men and women. These findings can guide the establishment of risk-stratified obesity treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
- Cardiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
- Cardiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
- Cardiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Molecular Mechanism of Equine Endometrosis: The NF-κB-Dependent Pathway Underlies the Ovarian Steroid Receptors’ Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137360. [PMID: 35806363 PMCID: PMC9266418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrosis is a frequently occurring disease decreasing mares’ fertility. Thus, it is an important disease of the endometrium associated with epithelial and stromal cell alterations, endometrium gland degeneration and periglandular fibrosis. Multiple degenerative changes are found in uterine mucosa, the endometrium. However, their pathogenesis is not well known. It is thought that nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a cell metabolism regulator, and its activation pathways take part in it. The transcription of the profibrotic pathway genes of the NF-κB in fibrotic endometria differed between the follicular (FLP) and mid-luteal (MLP) phases of the estrous cycle, as well as with fibrosis progression. This study aimed to investigate the transcription of genes of estrogen (ESR1, ESR2) and progesterone receptors (PGR) in equine endometria to find relationships between the endocrine environment, NF-κB-pathway, and fibrosis. Endometrial samples (n = 100), collected in FLP or MLP, were classified histologically, and examined using quantitative PCR. The phase of the cycle was determined through the evaluation of ovarian structures and hormone levels (estradiol, progesterone) in serum. The transcription of ESR1, ESR2, and PGR decreased with the severity of endometrial fibrosis and degeneration of the endometrium. Moreover, differences in the transcription of ESR1, ESR2, and PGR were noted between FLP and MLP in the specific categories and histopathological type of equine endometrosis. In FLP and MLP, specific moderate and strong correlations between ESR1, ESR2, PGR and genes of the NF-κB pathway were evidenced. The transcription of endometrial steroid receptors can be subjected to dysregulation with the degree of equine endometrosis, especially in both destructive types of endometrosis, and mediated by the canonical NF-κB pathway depending on the estrous cycle phase.
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Jasiński T, Zdrojkowski Ł, Kautz E, Juszczuk-Kubiak E, Ferreira-Dias G, Domino M. Equine Endometrosis Pathological Features: Are They Dependent on NF-κB Signaling Pathway? Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113151. [PMID: 34827882 PMCID: PMC8614257 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Endometrosis is a serious problem mainly affecting older mares’ fertility. Despite the importance of this disease, its etiology and pathogenesis are not fully known. Thus, no effective treatment exists to cease or restore degenerative processes and fibrogenesis in the mares’ endometria. The nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) is an important factor regulating cell metabolism. Nevertheless, it is also known to promote inflammation and fibrosis in various tissues and species, as well as in the mares’ endometria. The main goal was to bring new knowledge regarding endometrosis pathogenesis, which could allow for therapy development. Endometrial samples, collected postmortem from cyclic mares in estrus or diestrus, were classified histologically and used for gene expression assessment. Gene transcription of NF-κB subunits (subunit RelA—RelA; subunit 1—NF-κB1; subunit 2—NF-κB2), pro-inflammatory molecules (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1—MCP-1; interleukin-6—IL-6), and hyaluronan synthases (hyaluronan synthase 1—HAS 1; hyaluronan synthase 2—HAS 2; hyaluronan synthase 3—HAS 3) were compared among endometrosis types (active, non-active, destructive, non-destructive), according to the classification of Hoffmann and co-authors. These results suggest that activation of the NF-κB canonical pathway is involved especially in destructive endometrosis, the type when endometrial glands are damaged. These data give substantial information for further evaluations and treatment development. Abstract Endometrosis is an important mares’ disease which considerably decreases their fertility. As classic endometrial classification methods might be insufficient for tissue pathological evaluation, further categorization into active/inactive and destructive/non-destructive types was developed by Hoffmann and others. This study aimed to compare NF-κB pathway genes transcription among histopathological types of endometrosis, following Hoffmann and co-authors’ classification. Endometrial samples, collected postmortem from cyclic mares (n = 100) in estrus or diestrus, were classified histologically and used for gene transcription assessment. Gene transcription of NF-κB subunits (RelA, NF-κB1, NF-κB2), pro-inflammatory molecules (MCP-1, IL-6), and hyaluronan synthases (HAS 1, HAS 2, HAS 3) was compared among endometrosis types (active, non-active, destructive, non-destructive). Most individual mRNA samples showed high expression of RelA, NF-κB1, and MCP-1 gene transcripts and the destructive type of endometrosis, simultaneously. The expression of RelA and NF-κB1 genes was higher in active destructive group than in the other groups only in the follicular phase, as well as being higher in the inactive destructive group than in the others, only in the mid-luteal phase. The increase in gene transcription of the NF-κB canonical activation pathway in destructive endometrosis may suggest the highest changes in extracellular matrix deposition. Moreover, the estrous cycle phase might influence fibrosis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Jasiński
- Department of Large Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Zdrojkowski
- Department of Large Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (Ł.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Ewa Kautz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland;
| | - Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Engineering, Department of Microbiology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology—State Research Institute, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Graça Ferreira-Dias
- Departmento de Morfologia e Função, CIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-47 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Małgorzata Domino
- Department of Large Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (Ł.Z.); (M.D.)
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Jamshidi-adegani F, Vakilian S, Al-kindi J, Rehman NU, Alkalbani L, Al-Broumi M, Al-Wahaibi N, Shalaby A, Al-Sabahi J, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Hashmi S. Prevention of post-surgical adhesion bands by local administration of frankincense n-hexane extract. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 12:367-374. [PMID: 35747348 PMCID: PMC9209871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: The formation of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion band formation may lead to severe complications. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of local administration of frankincense n-hexane extract (FHE) on the formation of postsurgical adhesion bands. Materials and methods FHE was extracted from the resin of a Boswellia sacra tree and its components were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In an animal model, the expression levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1 cytokines after application of FHE were assessed to check the inflammatory and fibrotic cues, respectively. Results Following FHE compound analysis, in vivo experiments demonstrated that intraoperative local administration of FHE resulted in the prevention of adhesion band formation. The adhesion grades in the FHE-treated group were significantly lower than those in the negative control (NC) and the positive control (Interceed). The infiltration of inflammatory cells observed by histopathology revealed a significant anti-inflammatory potential of FHE. Furthermore, the gene expression results proved that significant suppression of TNF-α and TGF-β1 was responsible for its antiadhesion properties. Conclusions The study reported the potential of FHE as an ointment for the prevention of adhesion bands. Recognition of compounds with anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic activities in FHE using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The avoidance of adhesion bands formation, in vivo following intraoperative local administration of FHE. A notable anti-inflammatory potential of FHE detected by histopathology results. Approving the regulation of TNF-α and TGF-β1 involved in the intra-abdomen adhesion preventive properties of FHE.
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Fatehi Hassanabad A, Zarzycki AN, Jeon K, Deniset JF, Fedak PWM. Post-Operative Adhesions: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080867. [PMID: 34440071 PMCID: PMC8389678 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-surgical adhesions are common in almost all surgical areas and are associated with significant rates of morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare costs, especially when a patient requires repeat operative interventions. Many groups have studied the mechanisms driving post-surgical adhesion formation. Despite continued advancements, we are yet to identify a prevailing mechanism. It is highly likely that post-operative adhesions have a multifactorial etiology. This complex pathophysiology, coupled with our incomplete understanding of the underlying pathways, has resulted in therapeutic options that have failed to demonstrate safety and efficacy on a consistent basis. The translation of findings from basic and preclinical research into robust clinical trials has also remained elusive. Herein, we present and contextualize the latest findings surrounding mechanisms that have been implicated in post-surgical adhesion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Anna N. Zarzycki
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Kristina Jeon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada;
| | - Justin F. Deniset
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.F.D.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Paul W. M. Fedak
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.F.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Fatehi Hassanabad A, Zarzycki AN, Jeon K, Dundas JA, Vasanthan V, Deniset JF, Fedak PWM. Prevention of Post-Operative Adhesions: A Comprehensive Review of Present and Emerging Strategies. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11071027. [PMID: 34356652 PMCID: PMC8301806 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-operative adhesions affect patients undergoing all types of surgeries. They are associated with serious complications, including higher risk of morbidity and mortality. Given increased hospitalization, longer operative times, and longer length of hospital stay, post-surgical adhesions also pose a great financial burden. Although our knowledge of some of the underlying mechanisms driving adhesion formation has significantly improved over the past two decades, literature has yet to fully explain the pathogenesis and etiology of post-surgical adhesions. As a result, finding an ideal preventative strategy and leveraging appropriate tissue engineering strategies has proven to be difficult. Different products have been developed and enjoyed various levels of success along the translational tissue engineering research spectrum, but their clinical translation has been limited. Herein, we comprehensively review the agents and products that have been developed to mitigate post-operative adhesion formation. We also assess emerging strategies that aid in facilitating precision and personalized medicine to improve outcomes for patients and our healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Anna N. Zarzycki
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Kristina Jeon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada;
| | - Jameson A. Dundas
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Vishnu Vasanthan
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Justin F. Deniset
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Paul W. M. Fedak
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Pei W, Cui H, Liu Z, Zhao F, Zhu X, Li L, Jing C, Xu T, Peng L, Zhuo H, Chen Y, Zhang J. One-stitch method vs. traditional method of protective loop ileostomy for rectal cancer: the impact of BMI obesity. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2709-2719. [PMID: 33606093 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03556-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Protective loop ileostomy is an effective diversion measure often used to reduce the risk of anastomotic leakage. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes of the one-stitch method (OM) of protective loop ileostomy in laparoscopic low anterior resection for BMI obesity patients with rectal cancer compared with the traditional method (TM). METHODS The patients diagnosed as rectal adenocarcinoma cases by preoperative pathology were included in this retrospective study. The subjects underwent protective loop ileostomy in laparoscopic low anterior resection from January 2016 to June 2019 in the Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University. The data of loop ileostomy and stoma closure operation were retrieved from the medical cases system of the hospital. RESULTS 242 patients were included in the present study. In the BMI obese cohort, the OM group showed a shorter operative time both in the loop ileostomy (232.5 vs. 250.0 min, p = 0.04) and stoma closure operation (102.5 vs. 115.0 min, p = 0.001) and a lower peristomal adhesion extent (p = 0.02) and a shorter median postoperative stay (6 vs. 7 days, p = 0.03) during stoma closure operation than that of the TM group. In the TM group, obese cases showed a higher operative time of stoma closure operation (115.0 vs. 95.0, p < 0.001), a higher parastomal hernia rate (p = 0.04), a higher peristomal adhesion extent (p = 0.005) and a longer postoperative stay of stoma closure operation (p = 0.02) compared with the non-obese cases, while in the OM group, no significant differences were observed between the obese and non-obese cases in terms of the above-mentioned factors. CONCLUSIONS The OM exhibited more advantages than TM, notably in BMI obesity patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Pei
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Huaiping Cui
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenjun Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Feicheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, FeiCheng People's Hospital, Feicheng, 271600, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Lingcheng District, Lingcheng District, Dezhou, 253500, Shandong, China
| | - Xuezhang Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Leping Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Changqing Jing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Lipan Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Hongqing Zhuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yuezhi Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Jizhun Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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