1
|
Kim NY, Plumert JM, Kearney JK, Clark LA, Dindo L, O'Neal EE. Longitudinal and Concurrent Effortful Control as Predictors of Risky Bicycling in Adolescence: Moderating Effects of Age and Gender. J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:142-151. [PMID: 38114097 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Collisions between bicycles and motor vehicles are one of the leading risk factors for injury and death in childhood and adolescence. We examined longitudinal and concurrent effortful control (EC) as predictors of risky bicycling behavior in early- to mid-adolescence, with age and gender as moderators. We also examined whether EC was associated with parent-reported real-world bicycling behavior and all lifetime unintentional injuries. METHODS Parent-reported EC measures were collected when children (N = 85) were 4 years old and when they were either 10 years (N = 42) or 15 years (N = 43) old. We assessed risky bicycling behavior by asking the adolescents to bicycle across roads with high-density traffic in an immersive virtual environment. Parents also reported on children's real-world bicycling behavior and lifetime unintentional injuries at the time of the bicycling session. RESULTS We found that both longitudinal and concurrent EC predicted adolescents' gap choices, though these effects were moderated by age and gender. Lower parent-reported early EC in younger and older girls predicted a greater willingness to take tight gaps (3.5 s). Lower parent-reported concurrent EC in older boys predicted a greater willingness to take gaps of any size. Children lower in early EC started bicycling earlier and were rated as less cautious bicyclists as adolescents. Adolescents lower in concurrent EC were also rated as less cautious bicyclists and had experienced more lifetime unintentional injuries requiring medical attention. CONCLUSION Early measures of child temperament may help to identify at-risk populations who may benefit from parent-based interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Yoon Kim
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, USA
| | - Jodie M Plumert
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, USA
| | | | | | - Lilian Dindo
- Department of Medicine, Section of Health Services Research, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | - Elizabeth E O'Neal
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, The University of Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The association between parent–child attachment and prosocial behavior: A longitudinal study. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04474-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
|
3
|
Johnson CA, Garnett EO, Chow HM, Spray GJ, Zhu DC, Chang SE. Developmental Factors That Predict Head Movement During Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 3-7-Year-Old Stuttering and Non-stuttering Children. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:753010. [PMID: 34803590 PMCID: PMC8595248 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.753010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Early childhood marks a period of dynamic neurocognitive development. Preschool-age coincides with the onset of many childhood disorders and is a developmental period that is frequently studied to determine markers of neurodevelopmental disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used to explore typical brain development and the neural bases of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, acquiring high-quality MRI data in young children is challenging. The enclosed space and loud sounds can trigger unease and cause excessive head movement. A better understanding of potential factors that predict successful MRI acquisition would increase chances of collecting useable data in children with and without neurodevelopmental disorders. We investigated whether age, sex, stuttering status, and childhood temperament as measured using the Child Behavioral Questionnaire, could predict movement extent during resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) in 76 children aged 3–7 years, including 42 children who stutter (CWS). We found that age, sex, and temperament factors could predict motion during rs-fMRI scans. The CWS were not found to differ significantly from controls in temperament or head movement during scanning. Sex and age were significant predictors of movement. However, age was no longer a significant predictor when temperament, specifically effortful control, was considered. Controlling for age, boys with higher effortful control scores moved less during rs-fMRI procedures. Additionally, boys who showed higher negative affectivity showed a trend for greater movement. Considering temperament factors in addition to age and sex may help predict the success of acquiring useable rs-fMRI (and likely general brain MRI) data in young children in MR neuroimaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea A Johnson
- Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Emily O Garnett
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ho Ming Chow
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Gregory J Spray
- Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - David C Zhu
- Department of Radiology and Cognitive Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Soo-Eun Chang
- Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ráčková L, Kuruczová D, Jarkovský J, Bienertová-Vašků J. Birth weight rather than birth length is associated with childhood behavioural problems in a Czech ELSPAC cohort. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253607. [PMID: 34324515 PMCID: PMC8321223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many physical and psychological characteristics are influenced by prenatal development. Some studies have located links between low birth parameters and behavioural problems, with the latter in turn associated with educational progress, career success, overall health, and subsequent life events. However, few studies have investigated whether this association also applies to children in the normal birth growth range. This study thus investigates the relationship between normal-range birth length, weight, and behavioural problems at the age of seven. We use data from the Czech part of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) cohort, which provides comprehensive insight into a post-communist country undergoing a period of economic transition. Childhood behavioural problems were measured in 1,796 children using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Associations were modelled using weighted logistic regression. Birth weight was found to be linked to the total difficulties score, hyperactivity, and peer relationship problems subscales in a fully adjusted model while birth length was not significantly associated with any subscale in the fully adjusted model. We thus conclude that normal-range birth weight is associated with behavioural problems. It can therefore be assumed that the odds of behavioural problems and their consequences can be mitigated by preventive programs targeting pregnant women and children with lower but still normal weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Ráčková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Kuruczová
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Jarkovský
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Julie Bienertová-Vašků
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Prospective Bidirectional Associations between Attachment and Depressive Symptoms from Middle Childhood to Adolescence. J Youth Adolesc 2019; 48:2099-2113. [PMID: 31309415 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Insecure attachment to parents consistently correlates with adolescent depression. However, the order of cause and effect, the impact of confounding, and gender disparities in this relationship remain unresolved. The present study therefore examined the prospective associations between attachment relationships to mothers and fathers and depressive symptoms in a community sample of Spanish children (n = 904; 49.4% females) assessed biennially from age 10-16 years, net of all unmeasured time-invariant confounding. Insecure relationships predicted depressive symptoms, and more so among girls, but depressive symptoms also forecasted worsened attachment relationships. At ages 12-14, mother-child attachment proved to be more important for the development of depressive symptoms than father-child attachment. These findings reveal a pattern of reciprocal influence between attachment relationships and depressive symptoms that appears to vary as a function of the parental and child's gender and developmental period. Thus, efforts aimed at strengthening the parent-child attachment relationship-across the transition from middle childhood to adolescence-may prevent or reduce depressive symptoms, especially by targeting mothers and female adolescents.
Collapse
|
6
|
Nichols O, Vaughn BE, Lu T, Krzysik L, El-Sheikh M. Scripted attachment representations and adaptive functioning during early childhood. Attach Hum Dev 2019; 21:289-306. [PMID: 30744498 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2019.1575551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Attachment theorists have characterized children's internal working models, forged from early attachment relationship histories, as the link between earlier and later manifestations of competence. In this study, working models of attachment were measured as access to and use of the secure base script (SBS) to organize children's attachment relevant narratives (N = 139). Study goals were to assess relations between SBS use and a range of adaptive functioning domains including peer social competence, teacher/child relationships, effortful control, executive function, and verbal intelligence. Simultaneous path analyses using structural equations indicated that SBS use was significantly associated with each of these outcome domains. Findings were reproduced when effects of verbal intelligence, sex and age were controlled, except for effortful control. Results suggest that children's internalized attachment representations are intertwined with adaptive functioning during early childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Nichols
- a Human Development and Family Studies , Auburn University , Auburn , AL , USA
| | - Brian E Vaughn
- a Human Development and Family Studies , Auburn University , Auburn , AL , USA
| | - Ting Lu
- a Human Development and Family Studies , Auburn University , Auburn , AL , USA
| | - Lisa Krzysik
- a Human Development and Family Studies , Auburn University , Auburn , AL , USA
| | - Mona El-Sheikh
- a Human Development and Family Studies , Auburn University , Auburn , AL , USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Steinsbekk S, Wichstrøm L. Cohort Profile: The Trondheim Early Secure Study (TESS)—a study of mental health, psychosocial development and health behaviour from preschool to adolescence. Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:1401-1401i. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Silje Steinsbekk
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lars Wichstrøm
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- NTNU Social Science, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Skaug S, Englund KT, Wichstrøm L. Young children's television viewing and the quality of their interactions with parents: A prospective community study. Scand J Psychol 2018; 59:503-510. [DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silje Skaug
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
| | | | - Lars Wichstrøm
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Empathy from infancy to adolescence: An attachment perspective on the development of individual differences. DEVELOPMENTAL REVIEW 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
10
|
Dindo L, Brock RL, Aksan N, Gamez W, Kochanska G, Clark LA. Attachment and Effortful Control in Toddlerhood Predict Academic Achievement Over a Decade Later. Psychol Sci 2017; 28:1786-1795. [PMID: 29023183 PMCID: PMC6052977 DOI: 10.1177/0956797617721271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A child's attachment to his or her caregiver is central to the child's development. However, current understanding of subtle, indirect, and complex long-term influences of attachment on various areas of functioning remains incomplete. Research has shown that (a) parent-child attachment influences the development of effortful control and that (b) effortful control influences academic success. The entire developmental cascade among these three constructs over many years, however, has rarely been examined. This article reports a multimethod, decade-long study that examined the influence of mother-child attachment and effortful control in toddlerhood on school achievement in early adolescence. Both attachment security and effortful control uniquely predicted academic achievement a decade later. Effortful control mediated the association between early attachment and school achievement during adolescence. This work suggests that attachment security triggers an adaptive cascade by promoting effortful control, a vital set of skills necessary for future academic success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Dindo
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and
Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine
- Center for Innovations in Quality,
Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Nazan Aksan
- Department of Neurology, Carver College of
Medicine, University of Iowa
| | - Wakiza Gamez
- Department of Psychological and Brain
Sciences, University of Iowa
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gross JT, Stern JA, Brett BE, Cassidy J. The multifaceted nature of prosocial behavior in children: Links with attachment theory and research. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
12
|
Birmingham RS, Bub KL, Vaughn BE. Parenting in infancy and self-regulation in preschool: an investigation of the role of attachment history. Attach Hum Dev 2017; 19:107-129. [PMID: 27894211 PMCID: PMC5592094 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2016.1259335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Parenting and attachment are critical in the emergence of self-regulation (SR) in preschool. However, most studies use general indexes of parenting quality, failing to explore the unique contributions of sensitivity and home quality to SR. Further, the nature of the interplay between parenting and attachment history is not well understood. Using a sample of 938 children from The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, a series of structural equation models were fit to determine whether sensitivity and home quality concurrently predicted SR at 54 months, and whether attachment mediated or moderated these pathways. Results suggest that both sensitivity and home quality uniquely predict SR. Further, these early parenting variables were each indirectly associated with SR through children's attachment history. That is, higher levels of sensitivity and home quality predicted secure attachment history, which, along with parenting, predicted more advanced SR skills at 54 months. No moderated pathways emerged, suggesting that attachment history may be best conceptualized as a mediating mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R S Birmingham
- a Child Advocacy and Justice Studies , Northeastern Illinois University , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - K L Bub
- b Educational Psychology , University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign , Champaign , IL , USA
| | - B E Vaughn
- c Human Development and Family Studies , Auburn University , Auburn , AL , USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Barone L, Lionetti F, Green J. A matter of attachment? How adoptive parents foster post-institutionalized children’s social and emotional adjustment. Attach Hum Dev 2017; 19:323-339. [DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2017.1306714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Barone
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Lionetti
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Green
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wan MW, Danquah AN, Mahama S. Child-caregiver Attachment Representations in a Non-Western Context: The Feasibility and Cultural Equivalence of Story Stems in Urban Ghana. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wai Wan
- School of Health Sciences; University of Manchester
| | - Adam Nyarkoh Danquah
- School of Health Sciences; University of Manchester
- Pennine Care National Health Service Foundation Trust
- Department of Psychology; University of Ghana
| | - Sheriffa Mahama
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences; University of Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Martoccio TL, Brophy-Herb HE, Maupin AN, Robinson JL. Longitudinal pathways from early maternal depression to children’s dysregulated representations: a moderated mediation analysis of harsh parenting and gender. Attach Hum Dev 2015; 18:46-68. [DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2015.1111397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
16
|
Kim S, Boldt LJ, Kochanska G. From parent-child mutuality to security to socialization outcomes: developmental cascade toward positive adaptation in preadolescence. Attach Hum Dev 2015; 17:472-91. [PMID: 26258443 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2015.1072832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A developmental cascade from positive early parent-child relationship to child security with the parent to adaptive socialization outcomes, proposed in attachment theory and often implicitly accepted but rarely formally tested, was examined in 100 mothers, fathers, and children followed from toddler age to preadolescence. Parent-child Mutually Responsive Orientation (MRO) was observed in lengthy interactions at 38, 52, 67, and 80 months; children reported their security with parents at age eight. Socialization outcomes (parent- and child-reported cooperation with parental monitoring and teacher-reported school competence) were assessed at age 10. Mediation was tested with PROCESS. The parent-child history of MRO significantly predicted both mother-child and father-child security. For mother-child dyads, security mediated links between history of MRO and cooperation with maternal monitoring and school competence, controlling for developmental continuity of the studied constructs. For father-child dyads, the mediation effect was not evident.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghag Kim
- a Department of Sociology , Hanyang University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Lea J Boldt
- b Department of Psychology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ramsdal G, Bergvik S, Wynn R. Parent-child attachment, academic performance and the process of high-school dropout: a narrative review. Attach Hum Dev 2015; 17:522-45. [PMID: 26245192 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2015.1072224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Poor academic performance is a strong predictor of school dropout. Researchers have tried to disentangle variables influencing academic performance. However, studies on preschool and early care variables are seldom examined when explaining the school dropout process. We reviewed the literature on the relationship between caregiver-child attachment and academic performance, including attachment studies from preschool years, seeking out potential contributions to academic performance and the dropout process. The review was organized according to a model of four main mediating hypotheses: the attachment-teaching hypothesis, the social network hypothesis, the attachment-cooperation hypothesis, and the attachment self-regulation hypothesis. The results of the review are summed up in a model. There is some support for all four hypotheses. The review indicates that attachment and early care contribute substantially to dropout and graduation processes. Mediation effects should be given far more attention in future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gro Ramsdal
- a Department of Health and Social Science , Harstad University College , N-9180 Harstad , Norway.,b Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences , UiT - The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Svein Bergvik
- c Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences , UiT - The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Rolf Wynn
- b Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences , UiT - The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| |
Collapse
|