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Vale M, Gomes JP, Matos M. Forensic psychological procedures in cases of technology-facilitated sexual abuse among adolescents: A scoping review. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAW 2024. [PMID: 38635450 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Technology-facilitated sexual abuse refers to the use of information and communication technologies to facilitate both virtual and in-person sexual crimes. Research on this topic has focused on rates, risk factors, and consequences. This scoping review aims to understand whether and how forensic psychological procedures are adapted to assess adolescent victims and how Internet-based information might be useful as complementary data. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extensions for Scoping Reviews guidelines, searches were conducted in April 2023 in five electronic databases to include Portuguese, Spanish, or English quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-method peer-reviewed studies. Of the 2523 studies, six were considered eligible. Identified procedures include forensic interviews following the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development Protocol, and risk and trauma assessments. While discussing technology's role in abuse during interviews was informative, confronting adolescents with evidence of their abuse had adverse effects on their testimony and recovery. The assessment tools often had a narrow focus or overlooked the abuse unless explicitly disclosed, implied a referral, or when safeguarding concerns were raised. Clinical, forensic, and criminal implications are elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vale
- Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - João P Gomes
- Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marlene Matos
- Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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2
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Díaz-Rodríguez MV, Perelló VBI, Granero-Molina J, Fernández-Medina IM, Ventura-Miranda MI, Jiménez-Lasserrotte MDM. Insights from a Qualitative Exploration of Adolescents' Opinions on Sex Education. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:110. [PMID: 38255423 PMCID: PMC10814457 DOI: 10.3390/children11010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a crucial time in the development of young people's identity, and sexuality is a key issue. Comprehensive sex education provides the knowledge and skills to help adolescents protect their sexual and reproductive health and rights. Policies on sex education in secondary schools are highly influential in the development of quality programmes that support comprehensive sex education. The aim of this study was to explore, describe and understand adolescents' experiences of sex education. METHODS A qualitative study based on Gadamer's phenomenology was used. Two focus groups and four in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 private school students, followed by inductive data analysis using ATLAS.ti software 9.0. RESULTS Two main themes were identified in the analysis: (1) sex education is a challenge for secondary schools and (2) student expectations of sex education. CONCLUSION It is essential for adolescents to have access to comprehensive sex education that is adapted to the different stages of their development, is provided by specialised teachers, and involves their families in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vicent Bataller i Perelló
- Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.V.D.-R.); (V.B.i.P.)
| | - José Granero-Molina
- Department of Nursing Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (I.M.F.-M.); (M.I.V.-M.); (M.d.M.J.-L.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500000, Chile
| | - Isabel María Fernández-Medina
- Department of Nursing Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (I.M.F.-M.); (M.I.V.-M.); (M.d.M.J.-L.)
| | - María Isabel Ventura-Miranda
- Department of Nursing Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (I.M.F.-M.); (M.I.V.-M.); (M.d.M.J.-L.)
| | - María del Mar Jiménez-Lasserrotte
- Department of Nursing Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (I.M.F.-M.); (M.I.V.-M.); (M.d.M.J.-L.)
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3
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Banougnin BH, Toska E, Maughan-Brown B, Rudgard W, Hertzog L, Jochim J, Armstrong A, Cluver L. Associations of social media and health content use with sexual risk behaviours among adolescents in South Africa. Sex Reprod Health Matters 2023; 31:2267893. [PMID: 37947433 PMCID: PMC10796125 DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2023.2267893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing rates of mobile phone access present potential new opportunities and risks for adolescents' sexual and reproductive health in resource-poor settings. We investigated associations between mobile phone access/use and sexual risks in a cohort of 10-24-year-olds in South Africa. 1563 adolescents (69% living with HIV) were interviewed in three waves between 2014 and 2018. We assessed mobile phone access and use to search for health content and social media. Self-reported sexual risks included: sex after substance use, unprotected sex, multiple sexual partnerships and inequitable sexual partnerships in the past 12 months. We examined associations between mobile phone access/use and sexual risks using covariate-adjusted mixed-effects logistic regression models. Mobile phone access alone was not associated with any sexual risks. Social media use alone (vs. no mobile phone access) was associated with a significantly increased probability of unprotected sex (adjusted average marginal effects [AMEs] + 4.7 percentage points [ppts], 95% CI 1.6-7.8). However, health content use (vs. no mobile phone access) was associated with significantly decreased probabilities of sex after substance use (AMEs -5.3 ppts, 95% CI -7.4 to -3.2) and unprotected sex (AMEs -7.5 ppts, 95% CI -10.6 to -4.4). Moreover, mobile phone access and health content use were associated with increased risks of multiple sexual partnerships in boys. Health content use was associated with increased risks of inequitable sexual partnerships in adolescents not living with HIV. Results suggest an urgent need for strategies to harness mobile phone use for protection from growing risks due to social media exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boladé Hamed Banougnin
- Programme Data Analyst, United Nations Population Fund West and Central Africa Regional Office, Dakar, Senegal; Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elona Toska
- Chief Research Officer, Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Associate Lecturer, Department of Sociology, University of Cape Town, South Africa; [Research Associate] Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Brendan Maughan-Brown
- Chief Research Officer, Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - William Rudgard
- Senior Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Lucas Hertzog
- Research Fellow, Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Research Fellow, Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Janina Jochim
- Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Alice Armstrong
- Regional HIV/AIDS Specialist, UNICEF Eastern and Southern Africa Region, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lucie Cluver
- Professor of Child and Family Social Work, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, UK; Honorary Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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4
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Colì E, Paciello M, Lamponi E, Calella R, Falcone R. Adolescents and Trust in Online Social Interactions: A Qualitative Exploratory Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1408. [PMID: 37628407 PMCID: PMC10453111 DOI: 10.3390/children10081408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Social media have become increasingly embedded in adolescents' daily lives. Although these contexts have been widely studied, how trust in online relationships is built among adolescents is still an unexplored issue. By adopting the theoretical socio-cognitive model of trust, this study aims to explore the components of online trust as far as today's teenagers are concerned. The study involved 10 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 (M = 15.5). The data were collected using individual semi-structured, audio-recorded, and faithfully transcribed interviews. A deductive-inductive content analysis carried out with the NVivo10 software was performed on the textual material. Results show that adolescents seem to be aware of online trust value in "selecting" peers to be trusted. To protect themselves from the risks they are exposed to, they choose to interact with peers/friends who are already known in real life or are similar to them in terms of interests, ways of thinking, passions, and age. Additionally, others' competencies and willingness play an important role in adolescents' evaluations and decisions to rely on others online. The results of this study could be useful for developing awareness-raising interventions on the risks that adolescents are exposed to in order to promote "safe" relationships of trust and emphasize the possible positive use of technologies (e.g., by building online trust relationships using peer "safe" models).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Colì
- Institute of Cognitive Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Marinella Paciello
- Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (E.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Ernestina Lamponi
- Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (E.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Rubina Calella
- Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (E.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Rino Falcone
- Institute of Cognitive Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (R.F.)
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5
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Cho MK, Kim MY. Factors Affecting the Sexual Behavior of Korean University Students. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1837. [PMID: 37444671 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11131837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent incidents in Room n, sexual harassment by social leaders, and the #MeToo movement showed Korea's immature and distorted sexual culture. This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the factors affecting the sexual behavior of Korean university students. The participants comprised 258 university students from S and C. The data collection period was from 29 November 2021 to 3 December 2021, and an online survey was conducted on sexual behavior, sexual attitudes, and subject characteristics. The collected data were analyzed using PASW Statistics 25.0. The average age of the participants was 21.38 ± 1.62 years old; the average age when they first watched a pornographic video on YouTube was 14.25 ± 2.55 years old. Sexual behavior was statistically significantly higher for men over 21 and under 14 when they first watched a pornographic video. As the age of the subjects increased, the younger the age of viewing pornographic videos and the thumbnail viewing path of the pornographic videos affected sexual behavior, with an explanatory power of 11.0% (F = 6.27, p < 0.001). Higher sexual attitudes in the communion and permissiveness domains showed greater influence on sexual behavior; the explanatory power was 24.0% (F = 10.02, p < 0.001). Korean university students must be educated on sex early to develop correct sexual attitudes and engage in correct and responsible sexual behaviors in their youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyoung Cho
- Department of Nursing Science, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju KR28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Young Kim
- College of Nursing, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul KR04763, Republic of Korea
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Bonfanti RC, Garro M, Lavanco G, Ruggieri S. The role of sexting in couple wellbeing for Italian women during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1105556. [PMID: 36968735 PMCID: PMC10030598 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1105556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the sexuality and quality of life of people around the world. A particularly negative effect was detected on women’s sexual health. As a consequence, many women began to use social media not only to stay in touch with their social networks, but as a way of maintaining sexual contact. The main aim of this research is to observe the positive effects of sexting in women’s wellbeing as a strategy to manage the negative effects of a condition of forced isolation. We collected all our data between November 2020 and March 2021 during a period of strict restrictions in Italy due to the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. In Study 1, the relationship between loneliness, sexting behaviors, and sexual satisfaction was tested on 312 adult women. The results showed the mediator role of motivation for sexting in the relationship between loneliness and sexual satisfaction. In Study 2, 342 adult women were organized into two groups (women who had sexting at least once during the second wave of the pandemic = 203, and women who did not have sexting during the pandemic = 139) and were assessed on a couple’s wellbeing (intimacy, passion, commitment, and couple satisfaction) and electronic surveillance. The results show that women who had sexting during isolation had higher scores on intimacy, passion, couple satisfaction, and electronic surveillance. These findings suggest the important role of sexting as an adaptive coping strategy during particular conditions of social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubinia Celeste Bonfanti
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Garro
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maria Garro,
| | - Gioacchino Lavanco
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruggieri
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
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Santre S. Cyberbullying in adolescents: a literature review. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2023; 35:1-7. [PMID: 35245420 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2021-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cyberbullying is a universal public health concern that affects adolescents. The growing usage of electronic gadgets and the Internet has been connected to a rise in cyberbullying. The increasing use of the Internet, along with the negative outcomes of cyberbullying on adolescents, has required the study of cyberbullying. In this paper author reviews existing literature on cyberbullying among adolescents. The concept of cyberbullying is explained, including definitions, types of cyberbullying, characteristics or features of victims and cyberbullies, risk factors or causes underlying cyberbullying, and the harmful consequences of cyberbullying to adolescents. Furthermore, examples of programs or intervention to prevent cyberbullying and recommendations for further studies are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Santre
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Gong F, Lei Z, Gong Z, Min H, Ge P, Guo Y, Ming WK, Sun X, Wu Y. The Role of Family Health in Mediating the Association between Smartphone Use and Health Risk Behaviors among Chinese Adolescent Students: A National Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13378. [PMID: 36293956 PMCID: PMC9603663 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The direct impact of smartphones on health risk behaviors of adolescent students has been verified. However, the mediating mechanisms that underly this relationship remain largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of the study is to explore the role of family health in mediating the relationship between the frequency of smartphone use and adolescent students' health risk behaviors. A questionnaire was used to collect cross-sectional data from 693 adolescent students aged 12-18 in China and a structural equation model was analyzed. Among the nine health risk behaviors, the most frequent health risk behaviors in Chinese adolescent students were non-compliance walking behaviors (M=Mean; SD = Standard deviation) (M ± SD) (2.78 ± 1.747), eating unhygienic food (M ± SD) (2.23 ± 1.299), being subjected to physical violence (M ± SD) (2.19 ± 0.645), and leaving home (M ± SD) (2.13 ± 0.557). The SEM results showed that the adolescent students' smartphone use had a positive impact on delaying the age of first alcohol consumption (β = 0.167, CI:0.067 0.287) and a negative impact on the non-compliance walking behaviors (β = 0.176, CI:0.011 0.266). Family health plays an indirect-only mediated role (the proportions of indirect-only mediated roles are 11.2%, 12.4%, and 11.5%) in the relationship between smartphone use and adolescent students' partial health risk behaviors: (CI: -0.042 -0.002), (CI: -0.049 -0.005), and (CI: -0.043 -0.002). These findings provided a theoretical and practical basis for better interventions in adolescent health risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmin Gong
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Zhaowen Lei
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Zhuliu Gong
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Hewei Min
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Pu Ge
- Bachelor of Pharmacy Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Yi Guo
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wai-Kit Ming
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinying Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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9
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Eleuteri S, Alessi F, Petruccelli F, Saladino V. The Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals' and Couples' Sexuality. Front Psychol 2022; 12:798260. [PMID: 35069392 PMCID: PMC8770331 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.798260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and its related restrictions significantly impacted individuals' health, wellbeing, and security. Isolation, limitation of movement, social distancing, and forced cohabiting have had a strong influence on all areas of people's lives as well as on their sexuality. Investigating how the COVID-19 outbreak and its consequences impacted people's sexuality was the primary aim of this review. Particularly, we focused on: (1) the variables associated with the improvement or the deterioration of individuals' and couples' lives during the pandemic; (2) the use of sex as a coping strategy; (3) the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on LGBT people. Results have shown that the worsening of sexual life seems to be related to couples' conflict, emotions and psychological difficulties, being female, being single or away from the partner, being a health care worker, and having children. Moreover, a detrimental effect on sexuality was associated with stress, forced cohabitation, routine, anxiety and worry about the job and the pandemic, feeling partner distance, being unhappy with their partner, and lack of privacy. On the other hand, improvements in sexuality were associated with living happily with a partner, being happy and satisfied with a partner, feeling less stressed and more bored, having more free time, having fewer recreation opportunities, and having minor workload. During the pandemic, there was an increase in using sex toys, pornography consumption, masturbating, and trying sexual experimentations. Among LGBT people, an increase was found in the number of casual sexual partners potentially due to the perceived lower likelihood of transmission through sex. Moreover, the increase in sexual activity may have represented a coping strategy to quarantine-related distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Eleuteri
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Stefano Eleuteri
| | | | | | - Valeria Saladino
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Cassino, Cassino, Italy
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10
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Helbekkmo E, Trengereid Tempero H, Sollesnes R, Langeland E. 'We expected more about sex in the sex week' - A qualitative study about students' experiences with a sexual health education programme, from a health-promotion perspective. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2021; 16:1963035. [PMID: 34375565 PMCID: PMC8366659 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2021.1963035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to explore adolescents' experiences with participation in a sexual health education programme named «Week 6», from a health-promotion perspective. METHODS Six focus group interviews were conducted with adolescents aged 15-16 in Norway. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data material. RESULTS The results can be summed up by the main theme: "We like «Week 6» but … we expected more about sex in the sex week". The main theme consisted of two main analysis-derived themes: "The students want a topical sexual health education, with realistic and relevant learning subjects and exercises", and "The students want to contribute to the content and implementation, in order to improve the learning outcomes of «Week 6»". Further, four categories were identified: organization and content, positive experiences, the potential for improvement, and learning outcome. «Week 6» is desirable, but students expect to learn more. Teaching should have a positive approach, and adolescents do not want their educators to get embarrassed. CONCLUSION Although the teaching methods with active participation are enjoyable, it is necessary with more time for discussions and questions. Student participation in planning and implementation of the programme seems crucial for promoting salutogenic teaching processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Helbekkmo
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Helene Trengereid Tempero
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Sollesnes
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eva Langeland
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
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Ruiz MJ, Sáez G, Villanueva-Moya L, Expósito F. Adolescent Sexting: The Role of Body Shame, Social Physique Anxiety, and Social Networking Site Addiction. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2021; 24:799-805. [PMID: 34191601 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2020.0719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between body shame and participation in sexting among adolescents by examining the mediational roles of social physique anxiety and misuse of social networking sites (SNSs). Four hundred thirty-nine adolescents completed self-report measures for assessing their levels of body shame, social physique anxiety, SNS addiction symptoms, and sexting participation. Female adolescents reported higher scores in body shame, social physique anxiety, and SNS addiction symptoms, whereas male adolescents reported higher participation in sexting behaviors. In addition, gender did not moderate the relationship between body shame and higher sexting behaviors. Finally, the results showed an indirect (but not a direct) association between body shame and sexting behaviors through social physique anxiety and SNS addiction symptoms. These findings provide empirical evidence for the development of sexting prevention programs that are focused on body acceptance with the aim of reducing body shame, social physique anxiety, and SNS addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J Ruiz
- Department of Psychology and Anthropology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Gemma Sáez
- Department of Psychology and Anthropology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Laura Villanueva-Moya
- Department of Social Psychology, Mind, Brain and Behavioral Research Center (CIMCYC), Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisca Expósito
- Department of Social Psychology, Mind, Brain and Behavioral Research Center (CIMCYC), Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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12
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Saladino V, Mosca O, Lauriola M, Hoelzlhammer L, Cabras C, Verrastro V. Is Family Structure Associated with Deviance Propensity during Adolescence? The Role of Family Climate and Anger Dysregulation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E9257. [PMID: 33322053 PMCID: PMC7764593 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Transgressive conduct and opposition towards the rules often characterize adolescence. During the development, antisocial and aggressive behavior could be a way to grow personally and to be independent. According to previous studies results, the family has a high impact on teens' aggressive behaviors and moral disengagement. Our research involved 2328 Italian adolescents (13-19 years old) who have filled in the following questionnaires: deviant behavior questionnaire; aggression questionnaire; family communication scale; moral disengagement scale; the multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Our study investigated the role of family structure on deviance propensity through family climate and anger dysregulation joint influence. We conducted a mediation analysis to reach this goal using structural equation modeling (SEM). We have also conducted a multigroup analysis in order to evaluate gender differences in the SEM. Results showed that both family climate and anger dysregulation mediated the relationship between family structure and deviance propensity. The multigroup analysis revealed that the indirect relationship between variables through family climate is significant for both boys and girls (higher in females); variables indirect relationship through anger dysregulation was significant only for girls. These data could be useful for prevention and intervention programs on children-parent relationships and to reduce antisociality and teenager's aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Saladino
- Department of Human, Social and Health Sciences, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Oriana Mosca
- Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (O.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Marco Lauriola
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Rome “Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Lilli Hoelzlhammer
- Department of Philology and Literature, LMU Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80539 Bavaria, Germany;
| | - Cristina Cabras
- Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (O.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Valeria Verrastro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
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Saladino V, Eleuteri S, Verrastro V, Petruccelli F. Perception of Cyberbullying in Adolescence: A Brief Evaluation Among Italian Students. Front Psychol 2020; 11:607225. [PMID: 33324303 PMCID: PMC7723823 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.607225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyberbullying is associated with the expansion of digital devices and the Internet. In Italy and other European and non-European countries, the phenomenon is growing. Young people who suffer from cyberbullying develop psychopathological symptoms of anxiety, depression, and social phobia that can lead to extreme acts, such as suicide. The pressure, the sense of isolation, and helplessness experienced by cyber-victims also affect their family and the school context. Cyberbullying is acted through digital tools, it is often anonymous, and aims to destroy and psychologically humiliate the victim. There are various forms of cyberbullying that involve different reactions and consequences. However, few studies have focused on adolescents' perception of cyberbullying. Youths often engage in aggressive behaviors, ignoring the feelings and reactions of the victims. Based on these considerations, our article aims to provide a general overview of the spread of the phenomenon and to understand the various types of cyberbullying and its consequences on victims. We will also illustrate a brief evaluation conducted in Italian schools investigating the perception of cyberbullying in a sample of 600 Italian adolescents (11-14 years old). Our work aims to investigate the cognition and the personal perception of youths about cyberbullying and its consequences and to promote educational interventions within and outside the context of school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Saladino
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio of Cassino, Cassino, Italy
| | - Stefano Eleuteri
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Verrastro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Akgül G, Artar M. Cyberbullying: relationship with developmental variables and cyber victimization. Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol 2020; 8:25-37. [PMID: 33520776 PMCID: PMC7685499 DOI: 10.21307/sjcapp-2020-004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cyberbullying is increasingly turning into a significant problem for children and adolescents due to its adverse psychological and academic outcomes. In the present study, the protective and risk factors for cyberbullying has been investigated. One of the aims of the study was to examine the relationship between peer relations, negative emotion regulation strategies, and cyberbullying. The successful identity development process is thought to influence both cyberbullying behaviors as well as adolescents' peer relations and emotion regulation. Also, cyber victimization is seen as a risk factor for cyberbullying. The second aim of the study is to investigate the causal relationship between cyber victimization and cyberbullying. METHOD The study is a descriptive research in which both cross-sectional and longitudinal data were used. In the cross-sectional part of the study, 1,151 adolescents have participated, and the data of the second wave was obtained from 322 of them four months later. Data were analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM) and hierarchical regression analyses. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION According to the results of SEM, good peer relations predicted less cyberbullying. The expressive repression explained the cyberbullying through peer relationships. For identity development, contrary to expectations, commitment dimension of identity seemed to be positively related to more cyberbullying and so did higher reconsideration of commitment. Cross-lagged panel analyses revealed that Time 1 cyber victimization predicted Time 2 cyberbullying. Given the pattern of cross-lagged relationships, it was tentatively inferred that cyber victimization was the temporal precursor to cyberbullying. The results of the study have implications for the prevention of cyberbullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülendam Akgül
- Yenimahalle Science and Art Center, Republic of Turkey Ministry of National Education, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Müge Artar
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Vannucci A, Simpson EG, Gagnon S, Ohannessian CM. Social media use and risky behaviors in adolescents: A meta-analysis. J Adolesc 2020; 79:258-274. [PMID: 32018149 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the associations between social media use and risky behaviors during adolescence, and evaluated study characteristics (e.g., sample age, type of social media platform assessed) that may moderate these relationships. METHODS A comprehensive search strategy identified relevant studies from PsycInfo, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global. RESULTS The final sample included 27 independent cross-sectional studies with a total of 67,407 adolescents (Mage = 15.5, range: 12.6-18.0 years; 51.7% girls; 57.2% White). Results from random effects models indicated that there were positive, small-to-medium correlations between social media use and engagement in risky behaviors generally (r = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.16-0.25), substance use (r = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.12-0.26), and risky sexual behaviors (r = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.15-0.28). There were an insufficient number of independent samples available to conduct a random effect models for violence-related behaviors (k = 3). Moderator analyses suggested that studies assessing solely early social media platforms (e.g., Facebook/MySpace only) in relation to substance use had smaller effect sizes than substance use studies assessing a broader range of contemporary social media platforms. In addition, younger samples had larger effect sizes for studies focused on social media use and risky sexual behaviors. CONCLUSIONS The positive links identified between social media and risky behaviors during adolescence in this meta-analysis suggest that developmental theories of risk taking would benefit from incorporating the social media context. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify directionality and make more specific practice and policy recommendations so that social media is a safe place in which adolescents can thrive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vannucci
- Center for Behavioral Health, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA.
| | - Emily G Simpson
- Center for Behavioral Health, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA; Department of Human Development and Families Studies, University of Connecticut, 380-398 Mansfield Drive, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Sonja Gagnon
- Center for Behavioral Health, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
| | - Christine McCauley Ohannessian
- Center for Behavioral Health, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
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Gugliandolo MC, Costa S, Kuss DJ, Cuzzocrea F, Verrastro V. Technological Addiction in Adolescents: the Interplay Between Parenting and Psychological Basic Needs. Int J Ment Health Addict 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-019-00156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Social Media Use Subgroups Differentially Predict Psychosocial Well-Being During Early Adolescence. J Youth Adolesc 2019; 48:1469-1493. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Bedard-Thomas KK, McKenna JL, Pantalone DW, Fireman G, Marks AK. A mixed-methods measurement study of female adolescent sexuality stress and support. PSYCHOLOGY & SEXUALITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19419899.2019.1596972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David W. Pantalone
- Psychology Department, University of Massachusetts-Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gary Fireman
- Psychology Department, Suffolk University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy K. Marks
- Psychology Department, Suffolk University, Boston, MA, USA
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Eleuteri S, Rossi R, Tripodi F, Fabrizi A, Simonelli C. La santé sexuelle est dans vos mains : comment les applis pour smartphone peuvent-elles améliorer votre bien-être sexuel ? SEXOLOGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Eleuteri S, Rossi R, Tripodi F, Fabrizi A, Simonelli C. Sexual health in your hands: How the smartphone apps can improve your sexual wellbeing? SEXOLOGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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