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Saraswati, Giriwono PE, Iskandriati D, Tan CP, Andarwulan N. Sargassum Seaweed as a Source of Anti-Inflammatory Substances and the Potential Insight of the Tropical Species: A Review. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E590. [PMID: 31627414 PMCID: PMC6835611 DOI: 10.3390/md17100590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sargassum is recognized both empirically and scientifically as a potential anti-inflammatory agent. Inflammation is an important response in the body that helps to overcome various challenges to body homeostasis such as microbial infections, tissue stress, and certain injuries. Excessive and uncontrolled inflammatory conditions can affect the pathogenesis of various diseases. This review aims to explore the potential of Sargassum's anti-inflammatory activity, not only in crude extracts but also in sulfated polysaccharides and purified compounds. The tropical region has a promising availability of Sargassum biomass because its climate allows for the optimal growth of seaweed throughout the year. This is important for its commercial utilization as functional ingredients for both food and non-food applications. To the best of our knowledge, studies related to Sargassum's anti-inflammatory activity are still dominated by subtropical species. Studies on tropical Sargassum are mainly focused on the polysaccharides group, though there are some other potentially bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, terpenoids, fucoxanthin, fatty acids and their derivatives, typical polar lipids, and other groups. Information on the modulation mechanism of Sargassum's bioactive compounds on the inflammatory response is also discussed here, but specific mechanisms related to the interaction between bioactive compounds and targets in cells still need to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saraswati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (S.); (P.E.G.)
| | - Puspo Edi Giriwono
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (S.); (P.E.G.)
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science Technology (SEAFAST) Center, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Diah Iskandriati
- Primate Research Center, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16151, Indonesia;
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Nuri Andarwulan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (S.); (P.E.G.)
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science Technology (SEAFAST) Center, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
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Sajadimajd S, Momtaz S, Haratipour P, El-Senduny FF, Panah AI, Navabi J, Soheilikhah Z, Farzaei MH, Rahimi R. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Cancer Preventive and Therapeutic Potential of Algal Polysaccharides. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1210-1235. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190425155126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Algal polysaccharide and oligosaccharide derivatives have been shown to possess a
variety of therapeutic potentials and drug delivery applications. Algal polysaccharides contain sulfated sugar
monomers derived from seaweed including brown, red, and green microalgae. Here, in this review, the recent
progress of algal polysaccharides’ therapeutic applications as anticancer agents, as well as underlying cellular and
molecular mechanisms was investigated. Moreover, recent progress in the structural chemistry of important polysaccharides
with anticancer activities were illustrated.
Methods:
Electronic databases including “Scopus”, “PubMed”, and “Cochrane library” were searched using the
keywords “cancer”, or “tumor”, or “malignancy” in title/abstract, along with “algae”, or “algal” in the whole text
until July 2018. Only English language papers were included.
Results:
The most common polysaccharides involved in cancer management were sulfated polysaccharides, Fucoidans,
Carageenans, and Ulvan from different species of algae that have been recognized in vitro and in vivo.
The underlying anticancer mechanisms of algal polysaccharides included induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest,
modulation of transduction signaling pathways, suppression of migration and angiogenesis, as well as activation
of immune responses and antioxidant system. VEGF/VEGFR2, TGFR/Smad/Snail, TLR4/ROS/ER, CXCL12/
CXCR4, TGFR/Smad7/Smurf2, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, PBK/TOPK, and β-catenin/Wnt are among the main cellular
signaling pathways which have a key role in the preventive and therapeutic effects of algal polysaccharides
against oncogenesis.
Conclusion:
Algal polysaccharides play a crucial role in the management of cancer and may be considered the
next frontier in pharmaceutical research. Further well-designed clinical trials are mandatory to evaluate the efficacy
and safety of algal polysaccharides in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Pouya Haratipour
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardous F. El-Senduny
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Amin Iran Panah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jafar Navabi
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zhaleh Soheilikhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416663361, Iran
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Yuan P, Fang F, Shao T, Li P, Hu W, Zhou Y, Wang G, Han J, Chen K. Structure and Anti-Tumor Activities of Exopolysaccharides from Alternaria mali Roberts. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071345. [PMID: 30959773 PMCID: PMC6480686 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, an extracellular polysaccharide from Alternaria mali Roberts (AMEP) was extracted, and its structure was characterized, in addition to its antitumor activity in vitro. Neutral polysaccharide AMEP-1 and anionic polysaccharide AMEP-2 were isolated from AMEP, and their monosaccharide compositions consisted of mannose (Man), glucose (Glc), and galactose (Gal) but at different ratios. The linking mode of both AMEP-1 and AMEP-2 is Manp-(1→4) and Glcp-(1→6), and the branched chains are connected to the main chain through O-6. AMEP-2 inhibited the proliferation of BGC-823 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. AMEP-2 also induced the apoptosis of BGC-823 cells, and showed anti-tumor effects by inducing cell cycle arrest in the S phase, reactive oxygen species production, and mitochondrial membrane potential reduction in BGC-823 cells. Therefore, AMEP-2 shows potential for further development as a novel anti-tumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingchuan Yuan
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Fang Fang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Taili Shao
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Yuyan Zhou
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Guodong Wang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Jun Han
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Kaoshan Chen
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
- School of Life Science, National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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Marques A, Ferreira J, Abreu H, Pereira R, Rego A, Serôdio J, Christa G, Gaivão I, Pacheco M. Searching for antigenotoxic properties of marine macroalgae dietary supplementation against endogenous and exogenous challenges. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:939-956. [PMID: 30156999 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1507856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The functional characterization of marine macroalgae toward their potential to strength genome protection is still scarce. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the antigenotoxic potential of Ulva rigida, Fucus vesiculosus, and Gracilaria species in Drosophila melanogaster following dietary exposure and adopting the somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART). All macroalgae displayed a genoprotection activity, namely against an exogenous challenge (streptonigrin). The action against subtler endogenous pressures was also noted indicating that supplementation level is a critical factor. Gracilaria species provided ambivalent indications, since 10% of G. vermiculophylla inhibited the egg laying and/or larvae development, while 10% of G. gracilis promoted spontaneous genotoxicity. The effects of U. rigida were modulated (in intensity) by the growing conditions, demonstrating higher genoprotection against streptonigrin-induced damage when grown in an aquaculture-controlled system, while the effectiveness against spontaneous genotoxicity was more apparent in specimens grown under wild conditions. In contrast, F. vesiculosus did not produce significant differences in its potential under varying growing conditions. Overall, these findings shed some light on the macroalgae ability toward genome protection, contributing to the development of algaculture industry, and reinforcing the concept of functional food and its benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marques
- a Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) , University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - João Ferreira
- b Department of Genetics and Biotechnology and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV) , University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro , Vila Real , Portugal
| | | | | | | | - João Serôdio
- a Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) , University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Gregor Christa
- a Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) , University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Isabel Gaivão
- b Department of Genetics and Biotechnology and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV) , University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro , Vila Real , Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- a Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) , University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago , Aveiro , Portugal
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Valasques Junior GL, Boffo EF, Santos JDG, Brandão HN, Mascarenhas AJS, Cruz FT, Assis SA. The extraction and characterisation of a polysaccharide from Moniliophthora perniciosa CCMB 0257. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:1647-1654. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1285302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gildomar L. Valasques Junior
- Departamento de Saúde, Laboratório de Enzimologia e Tecnologia de Fermentação, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Brazil
| | - Elisangela F. Boffo
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Salvador, Brasil
| | - Jener David G. Santos
- Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Bahia, Brasil
| | - Hugo Neves Brandão
- Departamento de Saúde, Laboratório de Bioprospecção Vegetal (LABIV), Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Brazil
| | - Artur J. S. Mascarenhas
- Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal da Bahia – UFBA, Salvador, Brasil
| | - Fernanda T. Cruz
- Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal da Bahia – UFBA, Salvador, Brasil
| | - Sandra A. Assis
- Departamento de Saúde, Laboratório de Enzimologia e Tecnologia de Fermentação, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Brazil
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