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Tchinda AM, Nanfack ARD, Tamokou JDD, Matsuete-Takongmo G, Tsopmo A, Ali MS, Tene M. Echinograciolide, a new antibacterial nor-triterpenoid and other constituents from Echinops gracilis O. Hoffm. (Asteraceae). Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1108-1119. [PMID: 36214723 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2132497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Antibacterial resistance is a serious threat against humankind and the search for new therapeutics is needed. This study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of extracts and compounds from Echinops gracilis O. Hoffm. Standard chromatographic and spectroscopic methods were used to isolate and characterize compounds (1-15) from the methanol extract. The extract, chromatographic fractions and compounds 1-3, 8, 11, 13 and 14 were subjected to in vitro antibacterial assays against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Salmonella Typhi ATCC6539, Klebsiella pneumoniae 22, and Salmonella Typhi 68, using broth micro-dilution method. As results, a new nor-triterpenoid (1) and fourteen known compounds (2-15) were characterized. The extract and fractions displayed moderate (128 ≤ MIC ≤ 512 μg/mL) and significant (MIC 64 μg/mL) antibacterial activities. Compounds 1 and 14 showed the best anti-staphylococcal and anti-salmonella activity (MIC 16 µg/mL), respectively. These results partially justified the antimicrobial uses of E. gracilis in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Mbe Tchinda
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Arno R Donfack Nanfack
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jean-De-Dieu Tamokou
- Research Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Germaine Matsuete-Takongmo
- Research Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Apollinaire Tsopmo
- Food Science Program, Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Muhammad Shaiq Ali
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mathieu Tene
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Du Y, Wang J, Jiang L, Li J, Li J, Ren C, Yan T, Jia Y, He B. Screening the components in multi-biological samples and the comparative pharmacokinetic study in healthy and depression model rats of Suan-Zao-Ren decoction combined with a network pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117360. [PMID: 37898440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Suanzaoren Decoction (SZRD) is a classic traditional Chinese prescription, which has been commonly used for treating insomnia, depression and other nerve system diseases for a long time. AIM OF THIS STUDY The present study aimed to explore the metabolic profiles in multi-biological samples and pharmacokinetic mechanism between healthy and depression model rats combined with a network pharmacology approach after administration of SZRD. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our study, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry method was firstly used to study the prototype components and metabolites of SZRD in plasma, brain, urine, and feces between healthy and depressed rats. The possible metabolic pathways were also speculated. Then a network pharmacological study was conducted on the components in the plasma of model rats. According to the above components screened by network pharmacology and the other reported representative active components, the comparative pharmacokinetic study was established for the simultaneous determination of mangiferin, spinosin, ferulic acid, liquiritin, formononetin. magnoflorine and isoliquiritin between healthy and depression model rats. Finally, molecular docking was used to validate the binding affinity between key potential targets and active components in pharmacokinetics. RESULTS A total of 115 components were identified in healthy rats, and 101 components were identified in model rats. The prototype components and metabolites in plasma, brain, urine, and feces were also distinguished. The main metabolic pathways included phase I and phase II metabolic reactions, such as dehydrogenation, oxidation, hydroxylation, gluconaldehyde conjugation, glutathione conjugation and so on. These results provided a basis for the further study of antidepressive pharmacokinetic and pharmacological action in SZRD. Then, according to the degree value of network pharmacological study, it was predicted that 10 components and 10 core targets, which involved in the critical pathways such as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway, serotonergic synapse, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway, etc. Finally, the established pharmacokinetic method was successfully applied to compare the pharmacokinetic behavior of these 7 active components in plasma of healthy and depressed rats after oral administration of SZRD. It showed that except magnoflorine, the pharmacokinetic parameters of each component were different between healthy and depressed rats. Molecular docking analysis also indicated that the active compounds in pharmacokinetics could bind tightly to the key targets of network pharmacological study. CONCLUSION This study may provide important information for studying the action mechanism of SZRD in treating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Du
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiahong Wang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Li Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jinyan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiahe Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Chuang Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Tingxu Yan
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ying Jia
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Bosai He
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Majnooni MB, Fakhri S, Ghanadian SM, Bahrami G, Mansouri K, Iranpanah A, Farzaei MH, Mojarrab M. Inhibiting Angiogenesis by Anti-Cancer Saponins: From Phytochemistry to Cellular Signaling Pathways. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030323. [PMID: 36984763 PMCID: PMC10052344 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Saponins are one of the broadest classes of high-molecular-weight natural compounds, consisting mainly of a non-polar moiety with 27 to 30 carbons and a polar moiety containing sugars attached to the sapogenin structure. Saponins are found in more than 100 plant families as well as found in marine organisms. Saponins have several therapeutic effects, including their administration in the treatment of various cancers. These compounds also reveal noteworthy anti-angiogenesis effects as one of the critical strategies for inhibiting cancer growth and metastasis. In this study, a comprehensive review is performed on electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest. Accordingly, the structural characteristics of triterpenoid/steroid saponins and their anti-cancer effects were highlighted, focusing on their anti-angiogenic effects and related mechanisms. Consequently, the anti-angiogenic effects of saponins, inhibiting the expression of genes related to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) are two main anti-angiogenic mechanisms of triterpenoid and steroidal saponins. The inhibition of inflammatory signaling pathways that stimulate angiogenesis, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs), and phosphoinositide 3-kinases/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), are other anti-angiogenic mechanisms of saponins. Furthermore, the anti-angiogenic and anti-cancer activity of saponins was closely related to the binding site of the sugar moiety, the type and number of their monosaccharide units, as well as the presence of some functional groups in their aglycone structure. Therefore, saponins are suitable candidates for cancer treatment by inhibiting angiogenesis, for which extensive pre-clinical and comprehensive clinical trial studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bagher Majnooni
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Syed Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Bahrami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415185, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
- Correspondence: or (M.H.F.); (M.M.); Tel.: +98-08334266780 (M.M.)
| | - Mahdi Mojarrab
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
- Correspondence: or (M.H.F.); (M.M.); Tel.: +98-08334266780 (M.M.)
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Chuong Nguyen TH, Kim Lien GT, Yen PH, Ho TT, Thuy Van DT, Van Kiem P, Hung NH, Kuo PC, Setzer WN. Molluscicidal Activity of Compounds From the Roots of Aralia armata Against the Golden Apple Snail ( Pomacea canaliculata). Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221144573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aralia armata (Araliaceae) is considered to exhibit effective molluscicidal activity, however, the relationship between the chemical components and molluscicidal activity has not been clearly elucidated. This research attempts to decipher these correlations among the 15 compounds isolated from Vietnam-grown A. armata roots against the freshwater snail, Pomacea canaliculata, a gastropod causing severe damage in agricultural production. Methods: Fifteen saponins were isolated from the methanol root extract of A. armata using chromatographic methods and were identified using spectroscopic techniques. The compounds were screened for molluscicidal activity against P. canaliculata, as well as toxicity against brine shrimp ( Artemia sp.) and phytotoxicity against rice germination and growth. Results: The saponin compounds exhibited extraordinary inhibition of P. canaliculata with LC50 values ranging from 7.90 to 17.50 µg/mL. Notably, the active compounds from A. armata exhibit safety for both nontarget aquatic animals, specifically Artemia sp. with LC50 values between 148.55 and 193.22 µg/mL, and the growth and development of Oryza sativa L. plants showed very little difference compared with the negative control . A molecular docking analysis indicated P. canaliculata acetylcholinesterase (PcAChE) and the actin-binding protein villin (PcVillin) to be potential biomolecular targets of the A. armata saponins. Conclusion: The present experimental and in silico data illustrate the potential of A. armata in agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Hong Chuong Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural sciences, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Giang Thi Kim Lien
- Institute for Research and Executive Education, The University of Danang, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Pham Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Tam Ho
- Faculty of Natural sciences, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Do Thi Thuy Van
- University of Science Education, The University of Danang, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hung
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural sciences, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
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5
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Bitchagno GTM, El Bouhssini M, Mahdi I, Ward JL, Sobeh M. Toward the Allelopathy of Peganum sp. and Related Chemical Constituents in Agriculture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:796103. [PMID: 35126420 PMCID: PMC8813868 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.796103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The genus Peganum constitutes one of the perennial groups of plants of semi-arid regions across the world. It produces diverse classes of metabolites with claimed valuable pharmacological applications. Despite the key chemical and biological properties of the genus, its allelopathy or that of one of its species has not been reviewed yet. Thus, the present survey aims to report the agricultural applications of extracts, fractions, and compounds from the genus Peganum. This work was based on the available literature related to both the Peganum genus and agriculture, which were generated from available high-impact scientific engines. The plants in this genus contain a large group of secondary metabolites including phenolic compounds, terpenes, and N-containing compounds. Alkaloids, as the main components of the extracts from plants in the genus, were identified as the major active principles. The toxicity of Peganum isolates against plants and related pest organisms was also reviewed. Extract preparations from species of Peganum were listed among insecticidal and herbicidal allelochemicals used for crop protection. The review also tried to contextualize natural products in agriculture. Peganum plant extracts and fractions have showed significant potential in weed and crops management, soil health, and biopesticide production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mustapha El Bouhssini
- AgroBiosciences Research Division, Mohamed IV Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Ismail Mahdi
- AgroBiosciences Research Division, Mohamed IV Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Jane L. Ward
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBiosciences Research Division, Mohamed IV Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
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6
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Tedonkeu AT, Tamokou JDD, Mpetga JDS, Nzogong RT, Kengne IC, Hao XJ, Tene M. A new antimicrobial nor-friedelane-type triterpenoid and other constituents from Plectranthus glandulosus Hook. f. (Lamiaceae). Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:4587-4596. [PMID: 34727811 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1999946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the ethanol extract from the whole plant of Plectranthus glandulosus led to the isolation of a new nor-triterpenoid (1) along with seventeen known compounds (2-18) including seven triterpenoids, nine flavonoids and one steroid. Their structures were established on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR, IR, and MS experiments, and by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those of similar compounds reported in the literature. The EtOH extract and some isolated triterpenoids (1-4 and 13) were subjected to in vitro antimicrobial assays against a panel of pathogenic microorganisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi using broth microdilution method. The EtOH extract displayed moderate activity (MIC = 512 µg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus MSSA1, Shigella flexneri SDINT and Cryptococcus neoformans H99. Compounds 1, 4 and 13 showed the most potent antimicrobial effect with MICs of 32-256 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Tchinda Tedonkeu
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Jean-De-Dieu Tamokou
- Research Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - James D Simo Mpetga
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Raissa Tioyem Nzogong
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Irene Chinda Kengne
- Research Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Mathieu Tene
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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7
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Asghar A, Tan YC, Zahoor M, Zainal Abidin SA, Yow YY, Khan E, Lahiri C. A scaffolded approach to unearth potential antibacterial components from epicarp of Malaysian Nephelium lappaceum L. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13859. [PMID: 34226594 PMCID: PMC8257635 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance have been of serious concern to human health and the management of bacterial infectious diseases. Effective treatment of these diseases requires the development of novel therapeutics, preferably free of side effects. In this regard, natural products are frequently conceived to be potential alternative sources for novel antibacterial compounds. Herein, we have evaluated the antibacterial activity of the epicarp extracts of the Malaysian cultivar of yellow rambutan fruit (Nephelium lappaceum L.) against six pathogens namely, Bacillus subtilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella enterica. Among a series of solvent extracts, fractions of ethyl acetate and acetone have revealed significant activity towards all tested strains. Chemical profiling of these fractions, via HPLC, LC-MS and GC-MS, has generated a library of potentially bioactive compounds. Downstream virtual screening, pharmacological prediction, and receptor-ligand molecular dynamics simulation have eventually unveiled novel potential antibacterial compounds, which can be extracted for medicinal use. We report compounds like catechin, eplerenone and oritin-4-beta-ol to be computationally inhibiting the ATP-binding domain of the chaperone, DnaK of P. aeruginosa and MRSA. Thus, our work follows the objective to propose new antimicrobials capable of perforating the barrier of resistance posed by both the gram positives and the negatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Asghar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Yong Chiang Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Zahoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | | | - Yoon-Yen Yow
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Ezzat Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain
| | - Chandrajit Lahiri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.
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8
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Kunatsa Y, Katerere DR. Checklist of African Soapy Saponin-Rich Plants for Possible Use in Communities' Response to Global Pandemics. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050842. [PMID: 33922037 PMCID: PMC8143558 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Plants that exhibit foaming properties when agitated in aqueous solutions are commonly referred to as soapy plants, and they are used in different communities for washing, bathing, and hair shampooing. The frothing ability of these plants is attributed to saponins which are also well-documented to possess antimicrobial attributes. In the light of COVID-19, soap and hand hygiene have taken center stage. The pandemic has also revealed the low access to running water and commercial soaps in many marginalized and poor communities to the detriment of global health. Thus, soapy plants, either in their natural form or through incorporation in commercial products, may be a relevant additional weapon to assist communities to improve hand hygiene and contribute to curbing COVID-19 and other communicable infections. This review paper was compiled from a review of literature that was published between 1980 and 2020. We found 68 plant species, including those which are already used as traditional soaps. Our findings support the potential use of extracts from soapy plants because of their putative viricidal, bactericidal, and fungicidal activities for use in crude home-based formulations and possibly for developing natural commercial soap products.
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Zaynab M, Sharif Y, Abbas S, Afzal MZ, Qasim M, Khalofah A, Ansari MJ, Khan KA, Tao L, Li S. Saponin toxicity as key player in plant defense against pathogens. Toxicon 2021; 193:21-27. [PMID: 33508310 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microbial pathogens attack every plant tissue, including leaves, roots, shoots, and flowers during all growth stages. Thus, they cause several diseases resulting in a plant's failure or loss of the whole crop in severe cases. To combat the pathogens attack, plants produce some biologically active toxic compounds known as saponins. The saponins are secondary metabolic compounds produced in healthy plants with potential anti-pathogenic activity and serve as potential chemical barriers against pathogens. Saponins are classified into two major groups the steroidal and terpenoid saponins. Here, we reported the significance of saponin toxins in the war against insect pests, fungal, and bacterial pathogens. Saponins are present in both cultivated (chilies, spinach, soybean, quinoa, onion, oat, tea, etc.) and wild plant species. As they are natural toxic constituents of plant defense, breeders and plant researchers aiming to boost plant imm unity should focus on transferring these compounds in cash crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Zaynab
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518071, China; Shenzhen Environmental Monitoring Center, Shenzhen, 518049, Guangdong, China
| | - Yasir Sharif
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Safdar Abbas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zohaib Afzal
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects,Institute of Insect Science,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ahlam Khalofah
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (MJP Rohilkhand University Bareilly), 244001, India
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Li Tao
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuangfei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518071, China.
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10
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Mbougnia JFT, Bitchagno GTM, Wouamba SCN, Jouda JB, Awouafack MD, Tene M, Lenta BN, Kouam SF, Tane P, Sewald N. Two new triterpenoid fatty acid esters from Schefflera barteri Harms (Araliaceae)§. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:2085-2096. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1849199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Flore T. Mbougnia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Gabin Thierry M. Bitchagno
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Steven Collins N. Wouamba
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jean-Bosco Jouda
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | | | - Mathieu Tene
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Bruno Ndjakou Lenta
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Simeon Fogue Kouam
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Tane
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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11
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Toukea DD, Kamto ELD, Simo LM, Mbing JN, Antheaume C, Haddad M, Noté OP, Pegnyemb DE. New triterpenoid saponin from the stems of Albizia adianthifolia (Schumach.) W.Wight. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:780-788. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1805604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Djou Toukea
- Département de Chimie Organique, Faculté de Sciences, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France
| | - Eutrophe Le Doux Kamto
- Département de Chimie Organique, Faculté de Sciences, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Line Made Simo
- Département de Chimie Organique, Faculté de Sciences, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Joséphine Ngo Mbing
- Département de Chimie Organique, Faculté de Sciences, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Cyril Antheaume
- Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaire, Laboratoire de Chimie Supra Moléculaire (Prof. Lehn), Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Haddad
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France
| | - Olivier Placide Noté
- Département de Chimie Organique, Faculté de Sciences, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France
| | - Dieudonné Emmanuel Pegnyemb
- Département de Chimie Organique, Faculté de Sciences, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun
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12
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Nguemo RT, Mbouangouere R, Bitchagno GTM, Tchuenguem R, Temgoua EVN, Ndontsa BL, Mpetga JS, Opatz T, Ngouela AS, Tane P. A new ceramide from the leaves of Lannea schimperi (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Engl. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:515-522. [PMID: 32627596 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1789632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A new ceramide is being reported herein together with six known compounds from the methanol extract of the leaves of Lannea schimperi (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Engl. The metabolites were obtained through repeated open column chromatography and were characterized by spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. The radical-scavenging activity of the crude extract and isolated compounds was evaluated using the DPPH radical. The obtained results suggest the studied species as prominent candidate to fight reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gabin Thierry M Bitchagno
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutemberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland Tchuenguem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutemberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Pierre Tane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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13
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Lv CN, Zhao Y, Lu JC. A new triterpenoid saponin with nine sugar units from Anemone amurensis (Korsh.) Kom. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5030-5035. [PMID: 32408838 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1765344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A new triterpenoid saponin named Anemonside A (1) was isolated from the rhizome of Anemone amurensis (Korsh.) Kom. Its structure was determined by chemical and spectral analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR data, HRESIMS and hydrolysis reaction. The new saponin contains nine sugar units with two O-linked sugar chains, which is relatively rare in natural products. In addition, the cytotoxic activity of Anemonside A was evaluated by against A549 and HepG2 cell lines with the MTT method and showed no cytotoxic activity with IC50 over 100 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Ning Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin-Cai Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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14
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Buyankhishig B, Murata T, Suganuma K, Batkhuu J, Sasaki K. Hyaluronidase inhibitory saponins and a trypanocidal isoflavonoid from the aerial parts of Oxytropis lanata. Fitoterapia 2020; 145:104608. [PMID: 32387375 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A chemical examination of an extract from the aerial part of Oxytropis lanata led to the isolation and identification of 36 compounds, including saponins, isoflavonoids, oxazoles, and glycosides. The three among them were previously unreported oleanane-type saponins. In trypanocidal screening, 5,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone showed inhibitory activity against Trypanosoma congolense (IC50 = 10.5 μM), the causative agent of African trypanosomosis in animals; this activity was similar to that of active compounds from the roots of this plant. O. lanata is known to be a traditional medicinal plant in Mongolia for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The anti-hyaluronidase effect of saponins 3, 5, 8, and 9, (IC50 = 0.15-0.22 mM) was stronger than that of sodium cromoglicate, which was used as a reference drug (IC50 = 0.37 mM). The chemical structures of the new saponins were determined based on HRFABMS, 1H and 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and ROESY spectroscopic data along with chemical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toshihiro Murata
- Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Suganuma
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Javzan Batkhuu
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, POB-617/46A, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
| | - Kenroh Sasaki
- Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
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