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Liu X, Ren X, Li R, Deng Q, Li X, He Y, Yao J, Zhang F, Liu W, Sun M, Li M, Ma J, Zheng Y, She G. Integrated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling and metabolomic research on polyphenol-rich fraction of Thymus quinquecostatus Celak. Alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118229. [PMID: 38670403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thymus quinquecostatus Celak., a member of thymus genus in Lamiaceae family, has been used as a folk medicine for relieving exterior syndrome and alleviating pain in China. The polyphenol-rich fraction (PRF) derived from Thymus quinquecostatus Celak. had been validated that it can protect cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) by activating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. AIM OF THIS STUDY To explore effective components and their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics as well as possible mechanisms of PRF in treating CIRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Normal treated group (NTG) and tMCAO model treated group (MTG) rats were administrated PRF intragastrically. The prototype components and metabolites of PRF in plasma and brain were analyzed by the UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MSn method. Subsequently, the pharmacokinetics properties of indicative components were performed based on HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. SOD and LDH activities were determined to study the pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of PRF. The PK-PD relationship of PRF was constructed. In addition, the effect of PRF on endogenous metabolites in plasma and brain was investigated using metabolomic method. RESULTS Salvianic acid A, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, scutellarin, and apigenin-7-O-glucuronide were selected as indicative components based on metabolic analysis. The non-compartmental parameters were calculated for indicative components in plasma and brain of NTG and MTG rats. Furthermore, single-component and multi-component PK-PD modeling involved Emax, Imax PD models for effect indexes were fitted as well as ANN models were established, which indicated that these components can work together to regulate SOD and LDH activities in plasma and SOD activity in brain tissue to improve CIRI. Additionally, PRF may ameliorate CIRI by regulating the disorder of endogenous metabolites in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and purine metabolism pathways in vivo, among which lipid metabolism and purine metabolism are closely related to oxidative stress. CONCLUSION The PK-PD properties of effect substances and mechanisms of PRF anti-CIRI were further elaborated. The findings provide a convincing foundation for the application of T. quinquecostatus Celak. in the maintenance of human health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Xueyang Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Ruiwen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Qingyue Deng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Xianxian Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Yingyu He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Jianling Yao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Mengyu Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Mingxia Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Jiamu Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Yuan Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
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2
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Levi J, Guglielmetti C, Henrich TJ, Yoon JC, Gokhale PC, Reardon DA, Packiasamy J, Huynh L, Cabrera H, Ruzevich M, Blecha J, Peluso MJ, Huynh TL, An SM, Dornan M, Belanger AP, Nguyen QD, Seo Y, Song H, Chaumeil MM, VanBrocklin HF, Chae HD. [ 18F]F-AraG imaging reveals association between neuroinflammation and brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue. Commun Biol 2024; 7:793. [PMID: 38951146 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Brown and brown-like adipose tissues have attracted significant attention for their role in metabolism and therapeutic potential in diabetes and obesity. Despite compelling evidence of an interplay between adipocytes and lymphocytes, the involvement of these tissues in immune responses remains largely unexplored. This study explicates a newfound connection between neuroinflammation and brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue. Leveraging the use of [18F]F-AraG, a mitochondrial metabolic tracer capable of tracking activated lymphocytes and adipocytes simultaneously, we demonstrate, in models of glioblastoma and multiple sclerosis, the correlation between intracerebral immune infiltration and changes in brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue. Significantly, we show initial evidence that a neuroinflammation-adipose tissue link may also exist in humans. This study proposes the concept of an intricate immuno-neuro-adipose circuit, and highlights brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue as an intermediary in the communication between the immune and nervous systems. Understanding the interconnectedness within this circuitry may lead to advancements in the treatment and management of various conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Levi
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Caroline Guglielmetti
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy J Henrich
- Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John C Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lyna Huynh
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hilda Cabrera
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Joseph Blecha
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Peluso
- Division of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tony L Huynh
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sung-Min An
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mark Dornan
- Molecular Cancer Imaging Facility, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anthony P Belanger
- Molecular Cancer Imaging Facility, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Quang-Dé Nguyen
- Lurie Family Imaging Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Youngho Seo
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hong Song
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Myriam M Chaumeil
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Henry F VanBrocklin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hee-Don Chae
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA
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3
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Shrestha U, Chae HD, Fang Q, Lee RJ, Packiasamy J, Huynh L, Blecha J, Huynh TL, VanBrocklin HF, Levi J, Seo Y. A feasibility study of [18F]F-AraG positron emission tomography (PET) for cardiac imaging - myocardial viability in ischemia-reperfusion injury model. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4244476. [PMID: 38746162 PMCID: PMC11092840 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4244476/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Myocardial infarction (MI) with subsequent inflammation is one of the most common heart conditions leading to progressive tissue damage. A reliable imaging marker to assess tissue viability after MI would help determine the risks and benefits of any intervention. In this study, we investigate whether a new mitochondria-targeted imaging agent, 18F-labeled 2'-deoxy-2'-18F-fluoro-9-β-d-arabinofuranosylguanine ([18F]F-AraG), a positron emission tomography (PET) agent developed for imaging activated T cells, is suitable for cardiac imaging and to test the myocardial viability after MI. Procedure To test whether the myocardial [18F]-F-AraG signal is coming from cardiomyocytes or immune infiltrates, we compared cardiac signal in wild-type (WT) mice with that of T cell deficient Rag1 knockout (Rag1 KO) mice. We assessed the effect of dietary nucleotides on myocardial [18F]F-AraG uptake in normal heart by comparing [18F]F-AraG signals between mice fed with purified diet and those fed with purified diet supplemented with nucleotides. The myocardial viability was investigated in rodent model by imaging rat with [18F]F-AraG and 2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) before and after MI. All PET signals were quantified in terms of the percent injected dose per cc (%ID/cc). We also explored [18F]FDG signal variability and potential T cell infiltration into fibrotic area in the affected myocardium with H&E analysis. Results The difference in %ID/cc for Rag1 KO and WT mice was not significant (p = ns) indicating that the [18F]F-AraG signal in the myocardium was primarily coming from cardiomyocytes. No difference in myocardial uptake was observed between [18F]F-AraG signals in mice fed with purified diet and with purified diet supplemented with nucleotides (p = ns). The [18F]FDG signals showed wider variability at different time points. Noticeable [18F]F-AraG signals were observed in the affected MI regions. There were T cells in the fibrotic area in the H&E analysis, but they did not constitute the predominant infiltrates. Conclusions Our preliminary preclinical data show that [18F]F-AraG accumulates in cardiomyocytes indicating that it may be suitable for cardiac imaging and to evaluate the myocardial viability after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lyna Huynh
- UCSF: University of California San Francisco
| | | | | | | | - Jelena Levi
- UCSF: University of California San Francisco
| | - Youngho Seo
- UCSF: University of California San Francisco
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4
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Järvinen E, Suomi F, Stewart JB, Guala D, Valori M, Jansson L, Nieminen J, McWilliams TG, Tienari PJ. Cultured lymphocytes' mitochondrial genome integrity is not altered by cladribine. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 214:304-313. [PMID: 37860849 PMCID: PMC10719213 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cladribine tablets are a treatment for multiple sclerosis with effects on lymphocytes, yet its mode of action has not been fully established. Here, we analyzed the effects of cladribine on mitochondrial DNA integrity in lymphocytes. We treated cultured human T-cell lines (CCRF-CEM and Jurkat) with varying concentrations of cladribine to mimic the slow cell depletion observed in treated patients. The CCRF-CEM was more susceptible to cladribine than Jurkat cells. In both cells, mitochondrial protein synthesis, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase-I mRNA mutagenesis was not affected by cladribine, while caspase-3 cleavage was detected in Jurkat cells at 100 nM concentration. Cladribine treatment at concentrations up to 10 nM in CCRF-CEM and 100 nM in Jurkat cells did not induce significant increase in mitochondrial DNA mutations. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from eight multiple sclerosis patients and four controls were cultured with or without an effective dose of cladribine (5 nM). However, we did not find any differences in mitochondrial DNA somatic mutations in lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+) between treated versus nontreated cells. The overall mutation rate was similar in patients and controls. When different lymphocyte subpopulations were compared, greater mitochondrial DNA mutation levels were detected in CD8+ (P = 0.014) and CD4+ (P = 0.038) as compared to CD19+ cells, these differences were independent of cladribine treatment. We conclude that T cells have more detectable mitochondrial DNA mutations than B cells, and cladribine has no detectable mutagenic effect on lymphocyte mitochondrial genome nor does it impair mitochondrial function in human T-cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Järvinen
- Merck OY, Espoo, Finland (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany)
| | - Fumi Suomi
- Translational Stem Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James B Stewart
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Dimitri Guala
- Merck AB, Solna, Sweden (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miko Valori
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lilja Jansson
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, Neurocenter, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Nieminen
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, Neurocenter, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thomas G McWilliams
- Translational Stem Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pentti J Tienari
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, Neurocenter, Helsinki, Finland
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5
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Smits MAJ, Schomakers BV, van Weeghel M, Wever EJM, Wüst RCI, Dijk F, Janssens GE, Goddijn M, Mastenbroek S, Houtkooper RH, Hamer G. Human ovarian aging is characterized by oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Hum Reprod 2023; 38:2208-2220. [PMID: 37671592 PMCID: PMC10628503 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are human ovarian aging and the age-related female fertility decline caused by oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in oocytes? SUMMARY ANSWER We found oxidative damage in oocytes of advanced maternal age, even at the primordial follicle stage, and confirmed mitochondrial dysfunction in such oocytes, which likely resulted in the use of alternative energy sources. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Signs of reactive oxygen species-induced damage and mitochondrial dysfunction have been observed in maturing follicles, and even in early stages of embryogenesis. However, although recent evidence indicates that also primordial follicles have metabolically active mitochondria, it is still often assumed that these follicles avoid oxidative phosphorylation to prevent oxidative damage in dictyate arrested oocytes. Data on the influence of ovarian aging on oocyte metabolism and mitochondrial function are still limited. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A set of 39 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded ovarian tissue biopsies were divided into different age groups and used for immunofluorescence analysis of oxidative phosphorylation activity and oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA. Additionally, 150 immature oocytes (90 germinal vesicle oocytes and 60 metaphase I oocytes) and 15 cumulus cell samples were divided into different age groups and used for targeted metabolomics and lipidomics analysis. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Ovarian tissues used for immunofluorescence microscopy were collected through PALGA, the nationwide network, and registry of histo- and cytopathology in The Netherlands. Comprehensive metabolomics and lipidomics were performed by liquid-liquid extraction and full-scan mass spectrometry, using oocytes and cumulus cells of women undergoing ICSI treatment based on male or tubal factor infertility, or fertility preservation for non-medical reasons. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Immunofluorescence imaging on human ovarian tissue indicated oxidative damage by protein and lipid (per)oxidation already at the primordial follicle stage. Metabolomics and lipidomics analysis of oocytes and cumulus cells in advanced maternal-age groups demonstrated a shift in the glutathione-to-oxiglutathione ratio and depletion of phospholipids. Age-related changes in polar metabolites suggested a decrease in mitochondrial function, as demonstrated by NAD+, purine, and pyrimidine depletion, while glycolysis substrates and glutamine accumulated, with age. Oocytes from women of advanced maternal age appeared to use alternative energy sources like glycolysis and the adenosine salvage pathway, and possibly ATP which showed increased production in cumulus cells. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The immature oocytes used in this study were all subjected to ovarian stimulation with high doses of follicle-stimulating hormones, which might have concealed some age-related differences. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Further studies on how to improve mitochondrial function, or lower oxidative damage, in oocytes from women of advanced maternal age, for instance by supplementation of NAD+ precursors to promote mitochondrial biogenesis, are warranted. In addition, supplementing the embryo medium of advanced maternal-age embryos with such compounds could be a treatment option worth exploring. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study was funded by the Amsterdam UMC. The authors declare to have no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe A J Smits
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bauke V Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric J M Wever
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederike Dijk
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte Goddijn
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Mastenbroek
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Hamer
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Grotehans N, McGarry L, Nolte H, Xavier V, Kroker M, Narbona‐Pérez ÁJ, Deshwal S, Giavalisco P, Langer T, MacVicar T. Ribonucleotide synthesis by NME6 fuels mitochondrial gene expression. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113256. [PMID: 37439264 PMCID: PMC10505918 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022113256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Replication of the mitochondrial genome and expression of the genes it encodes both depend on a sufficient supply of nucleotides to mitochondria. Accordingly, dysregulated nucleotide metabolism not only destabilises the mitochondrial genome, but also affects its transcription. Here, we report that a mitochondrial nucleoside diphosphate kinase, NME6, supplies mitochondria with pyrimidine ribonucleotides that are necessary for the transcription of mitochondrial genes. Loss of NME6 function leads to the depletion of mitochondrial transcripts, as well as destabilisation of the electron transport chain and impaired oxidative phosphorylation. These deficiencies are rescued by an exogenous supply of pyrimidine ribonucleosides. Moreover, NME6 is required for the maintenance of mitochondrial DNA when the access to cytosolic pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides is limited. Our results therefore reveal an important role for ribonucleotide salvage in mitochondrial gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Grotehans
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | - Hendrik Nolte
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | - Moritz Kroker
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | - Soni Deshwal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | - Thomas Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD)University of CologneCologneGermany
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7
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Zhang JJ, Xu QJ, Schmidt C, Maaty MAAE, Song J, Yu C, Zhou J, Han K, Sun H, Casini A, Ott I, Wölfl S. Elucidating the Multimodal Anticancer Mechanism of an Organometallic Terpyridine Platinum(II) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3995-4008. [PMID: 36898000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has long been a medical challenge because of the lack of effective therapeutic targets. Targeting lipid, carbohydrate, and nucleotide metabolism pathways has recently been proven as a promising option in view of three heterogeneous metabolic-pathway-based TNBC subtypes. Here, we present a multimodal anticancer platinum(II) complex, named Pt(II)caffeine, with a novel mode of action involving simultaneous mitochondrial damage, inhibition of lipid, carbohydrate, and nucleotide metabolic pathways, and promotion of autophagy. All these biological processes eventually result in a strong suppression of TNBC MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicate that Pt(II)caffeine, influencing cellular metabolism at multiple levels, is a metallodrug with increased potential to overcome the metabolic heterogeneity of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi-Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Claudia Schmidt
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Mohamed A Abu El Maaty
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jinglin Song
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chunqiu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Kang Han
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hao Sun
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Angela Casini
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Wölfl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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8
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Xian H, Karin M. Oxidized mitochondrial DNA: a protective signal gone awry. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:188-200. [PMID: 36739208 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the emergence of mitochondria as key regulators of innate immunity, the mechanisms underlying the generation and release of immunostimulatory alarmins by stressed mitochondria remains nebulous. We propose that the major mitochondrial alarmin in myeloid cells is oxidized mitochondrial DNA (Ox-mtDNA). Fragmented Ox-mtDNA enters the cytosol where it activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and generates IL-1β, IL-18, and cGAS-STING to induce type I interferons and interferon-stimulated genes. Inflammasome activation further enables the circulatory release of Ox-mtDNA by opening gasdermin D pores. We summarize new data showing that, in addition to being an autoimmune disease biomarker, Ox-mtDNA converts beneficial transient inflammation into long-lasting immunopathology. We discuss how Ox-mtDNA induces short- and long-term immune activation, and highlight its homeostatic and immunopathogenic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Xian
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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9
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Nash MJ, Dobrinskikh E, Janssen RC, Lovell MA, Schady DA, Levek C, Jones KL, D’Alessandro A, Kievit P, Aagaard KM, McCurdy CE, Gannon M, Friedman JE, Wesolowski SR. Maternal Western diet is associated with distinct preclinical pediatric NAFLD phenotypes in juvenile nonhuman primate offspring. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0014. [PMID: 36691970 PMCID: PMC9851700 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric NAFLD has distinct and variable pathology, yet causation remains unclear. We have shown that maternal Western-style diet (mWSD) compared with maternal chow diet (CD) consumption in nonhuman primates produces hepatic injury and steatosis in fetal offspring. Here, we define the role of mWSD and postweaning Western-style diet (pwWSD) exposures on molecular mechanisms linked to NAFLD development in a cohort of 3-year-old juvenile nonhuman primates offspring exposed to maternal CD or mWSD followed by CD or Western-style diet after weaning. We used histologic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses to identify hepatic pathways regulating NAFLD. Offspring exposed to mWSD showed increased hepatic periportal collagen deposition but unchanged hepatic triglyceride levels and body weight. mWSD was associated with a downregulation of gene expression pathways underlying HNF4α activity and protein, and downregulation of antioxidant signaling, mitochondrial biogenesis, and PPAR signaling pathways. In offspring exposed to both mWSD and pwWSD, liver RNA profiles showed upregulation of pathways promoting fibrosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress and increased BiP protein expression with pwWSD. pwWSD increased acylcarnitines and decreased anti-inflammatory fatty acids, which was more pronounced when coupled with mWSD exposure. Further, mWSD shifted liver metabolites towards decreased purine catabolism in favor of synthesis, suggesting a mitochondrial DNA repair response. Our findings demonstrate that 3-year-old offspring exposed to mWSD but weaned to a CD have periportal collagen deposition, with transcriptional and metabolic pathways underlying hepatic oxidative stress, compromised mitochondrial lipid sensing, and decreased antioxidant response. Exposure to pwWSD worsens these phenotypes, triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress, and increases fibrosis. Overall, mWSD exposure is associated with altered expression of candidate genes and metabolites related to NAFLD that persist in juvenile offspring preceding clinical presentation of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Nash
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Evgenia Dobrinskikh
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rachel C. Janssen
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Mark A. Lovell
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Deborah A. Schady
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Claire Levek
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kenneth L. Jones
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paul Kievit
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Kjersti M. Aagaard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Carrie E. McCurdy
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Maureen Gannon
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jacob E. Friedman
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Stephanie R. Wesolowski
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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10
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Tang Y, Sun L, Zhao Y, Yao J, Feng Z, Liu Z, Zhang G, Sun C. UHPLC-ESI-QE-Orbitrap-MS based metabolomics reveals the antioxidant mechanism of icaritin on mice with cerebral ischemic reperfusion. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14483. [PMID: 36643627 PMCID: PMC9838208 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Icaritin (ICT) has been previously demonstrated to display protective effects against cerebral ischemic reperfusion (I/R) by inhibiting oxidative stress, but the mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanism from the perspective of metabolomics. Methods A mice cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was explored to mimic cerebral ischemic reperfusion and protective effect of ICT was assessed by neurologic deficit scoring, infarct volume and brain water content. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QE-Orbitrap-MS) based metabolomic was performed to explore potential biomarkers. Brain tissue metabolic profiles were analyzed and metabolic biomarkers were identified through multivariate data analysis. The protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and HQO1 were assayed by western blot. The release of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) were detected using corresponding assay kits. Results The results showed that after ICT treatment, the neurological deficit, cerebral infarction area, brain edema and the level of MDA in brain tissue of MCAO/R mice were significantly reduced. Meanwhile, ICT enhanced the activity of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px. Western blot results confirmed that ICT up-regulated the protein levels of antioxidant-related protein including Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1. According to the metabolomic profiling of brain tissues, clear separations were observed among the Sham, Model and ICT groups. A total of 44 biomarkers were identified, and the identified biomarkers were mainly related to linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism and purine metabolism, respectively. At the same time, the inhibitory effect of ICT on arachidonic acid and linoleic acid in brain tissue, as well as the promoting effect on taurine, GABA, NAAG, may be the key factors for the anti-neurooxidative function of mice after MCAO/R injury. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that ICT has benefits for MCAO/R injury, which are partially related to the suppression of oxidative stress via stimulating the Nrf2 signaling and regulating the production of arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, taurine, GABA, NAAG in brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Linyi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jingchun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chenghong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
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11
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Levi J, Song H. The other immuno-PET: Metabolic tracers in evaluation of immune responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for solid tumors. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1113924. [PMID: 36700226 PMCID: PMC9868703 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1113924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Unique patterns of response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, discernable in the earliest clinical trials, demanded a reconsideration of the standard methods of radiological treatment assessment. Immunomonitoring, that characterizes immune responses, offers several significant advantages over the tumor-centric approach currently used in the clinical practice: 1) better understanding of the drugs' mechanism of action and treatment resistance, 2) earlier assessment of response to therapy, 3) patient/therapy selection, 4) evaluation of toxicity and 5) more accurate end-point in clinical trials. PET imaging in combination with the right agent offers non-invasive tracking of immune processes on a whole-body level and thus represents a method uniquely well-suited for immunomonitoring. Small molecule metabolic tracers, largely neglected in the immuno-PET discourse, offer a way to monitor immune responses by assessing cellular metabolism known to be intricately linked with immune cell function. In this review, we highlight the use of small molecule metabolic tracers in imaging immune responses, provide a view of their value in the clinic and discuss the importance of image analysis in the context of tracking a moving target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Levi
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Jelena Levi,
| | - Hong Song
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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12
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Pal S, Sharma A, Mathew SP, Jaganathan BG. Targeting cancer-specific metabolic pathways for developing novel cancer therapeutics. Front Immunol 2022; 13:955476. [PMID: 36618350 PMCID: PMC9815821 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.955476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease characterized by various genetic and phenotypic aberrations. Cancer cells undergo genetic modifications that promote their proliferation, survival, and dissemination as the disease progresses. The unabated proliferation of cancer cells incurs an enormous energy demand that is supplied by metabolic reprogramming. Cancer cells undergo metabolic alterations to provide for increased energy and metabolite requirement; these alterations also help drive the tumor progression. Dysregulation in glucose uptake and increased lactate production via "aerobic glycolysis" were described more than 100 years ago, and since then, the metabolic signature of various cancers has been extensively studied. However, the extensive research in this field has failed to translate into significant therapeutic intervention, except for treating childhood-ALL with amino acid metabolism inhibitor L-asparaginase. Despite the growing understanding of novel metabolic alterations in tumors, the therapeutic targeting of these tumor-specific dysregulations has largely been ineffective in clinical trials. This chapter discusses the major pathways involved in the metabolism of glucose, amino acids, and lipids and highlights the inter-twined nature of metabolic aberrations that promote tumorigenesis in different types of cancer. Finally, we summarise the therapeutic interventions which can be used as a combinational therapy to target metabolic dysregulations that are unique or common in blood, breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumik Pal
- Stem Cells and Cancer Biology Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Amit Sharma
- Stem Cells and Cancer Biology Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sam Padalumavunkal Mathew
- Stem Cells and Cancer Biology Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bithiah Grace Jaganathan
- Stem Cells and Cancer Biology Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India,Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India,*Correspondence: Bithiah Grace Jaganathan,
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13
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Li C, Wen L, Dong J, Li L, Huang J, Yang J, Liang T, Li T, Xia Z, Chen C. Alterations in cellular metabolisms after TKI therapy for Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia in children: A review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1072806. [PMID: 36561525 PMCID: PMC9766352 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1072806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Incidence rates of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are lower but more aggressive in children than in adults due to different biological and host factors. After the clinical application of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) blocking BCR/ABL kinase activity, the prognosis of children with CML and Ph+ ALL has improved dramatically. Yet, off-target effects and drug tolerance will occur during the TKI treatments, contributing to treatment failure. In addition, compared to adults, children may need a longer course of TKIs therapy, causing detrimental effects on growth and development. In recent years, accumulating evidence indicates that drug resistance and side effects during TKI treatment may result from the cellular metabolism alterations. In this review, we provide a detailed summary of the current knowledge on alterations in metabolic pathways including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and other metabolic processes. In order to obtain better TKI treatment outcomes and avoid side effects, it is essential to understand how the TKIs affect cellular metabolism. Hence, we also discuss the relevance of cellular metabolism in TKIs therapy to provide ideas for better use of TKIs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmou Li
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Luping Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Junchao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lindi Li
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Junbin Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianqi Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianwen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhigang Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Chun Chen,
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14
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A novel RRM2B mutation associated with mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2022; 32:100887. [PMID: 35756861 PMCID: PMC9218228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2022.100887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion syndromes are disorders characterized by infantile-onset, severe progression, and the drastic loss of mtDNA content in affected tissues. In a patient who showed severe hypotonia, proximal tubulopathy and sensorineural hearing loss after birth, we observed severe mtDNA depletion and impaired respiratory chain activity in muscle due to heterozygous variants c.686G > T and c.551-2A > G in RRM2B, encoding the p53R2 subunit of the ribonucleotide reductase.
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15
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Biodistribution of a Mitochondrial Metabolic Tracer, [ 18F]F-AraG, in Healthy Volunteers. Mol Imaging 2022; 2022:3667417. [PMID: 36072652 PMCID: PMC9400547 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3667417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose [18F]F-AraG is a radiolabeled nucleoside analog that shows relative specificity for activated T cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the biodistribution of [18F]F-AraG in healthy volunteers and assess the preliminary safety and radiation dosimetry. Methods Six healthy subjects (three female and three male) between the ages of 24 and 60 participated in the study. Each subject received a bolus venous injection of [18F]F-AraG (dose range: 244.2-329.3 MBq) prior to four consecutive PET/MR whole-body scans. Blood samples were collected at regular intervals and vital signs monitored before and after tracer administration. Regions of interest were delineated for multiple organs, and the area under the time-activity curves was calculated for each organ and used to derive time-integrated activity coefficient (TIAC). TIACs were input for absorbed dose and effective dose calculations using OLINDA. Results PET/MR examination was well tolerated, and no adverse effects to the administration of [18F]F-AraG were noted by the study participants. The biodistribution was generally reflective of the expression and activity profiles of the enzymes involved in [18F]F-AraG's cellular accumulation, mitochondrial kinase dGK, and SAMHD1. The highest uptake was observed in the kidneys and liver, while the brain, lung, bone marrow, and muscle showed low tracer uptake. The estimated effective dose for [18F]F-AraG was 0.0162 mSv/MBq (0.0167 mSv/MBq for females and 0.0157 mSv/MBq for males). Conclusion Biodistribution of [18F]F-AraG in healthy volunteers was consistent with its association with mitochondrial metabolism. PET/MR [18F]F-AraG imaging was well tolerated, with a radiation dosimetry profile similar to other commonly used [18F]-labeled tracers. [18F]F-AraG's connection with mitochondrial biogenesis and favorable biodistribution characteristics make it an attractive tracer with a variety of potential applications.
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16
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Li H, Li L, Wu W, Wang F, Zhou F, Lin Y. SvSTL1 in the large subunit family of ribonucleotide reductases plays a major role in chloroplast development of Setaria viridis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:625-641. [PMID: 35608125 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are essential enzymes in DNA synthesis. However, little is known about the RNRs in plants. Here, we identified a svstl1 mutant from the self-created ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutant library of Setaria viridis. The mutant leaves exhibited a bleaching phenotype at the heading stage. Paraffin section analysis showed the destruction of the C4 Kranz anatomy. Transmission electron microscopy results further demonstrated the severely disturbed development of some chloroplasts. MutMap analysis revealed that the SvSTL1 gene is the primary candidate, encoding a large subunit of RNRs. Complementation experiments confirmed that SvSTL1 is responsible for the phenotype of svstl1. There are two additional RNR large subunit homologs in S. viridis, SvSTL2 and SvSTL3. To further understand the functions of these three RNR large subunit genes, a series of mutants were generated via CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In striking contrast to the finding that all three SvSTLs interact with the RNR small subunit, the phenotype varied along with the copies of chloroplast genome among different svstl single mutants: the svstl1 mutant exhibited pronounced chloroplast development and significantly fewer copies of the chloroplast genome than the svstl2 or svstl3 single mutants. These results suggested that SvSTL1 plays a major role in the optimal function of RNRs and is essential for chloroplast development. Furthermore, through the analysis of double and triple mutants, the study provides new insights into the finely tuned coordination among SvSTLs to maintain normal chloroplast development in the emerging C4 model plant S. viridis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanying Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Weichen Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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17
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Almannai M, Salah A, El-Hattab AW. Mitochondrial Membranes and Mitochondrial Genome: Interactions and Clinical Syndromes. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060625. [PMID: 35736332 PMCID: PMC9229594 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are surrounded by two membranes; the outer mitochondrial membrane and the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are unique organelles since they have their own DNA, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is replicated continuously. Mitochondrial membranes have direct interaction with mtDNA and are therefore involved in organization of the mitochondrial genome. They also play essential roles in mitochondrial dynamics and the supply of nucleotides for mtDNA synthesis. In this review, we will discuss how the mitochondrial membranes interact with mtDNA and how this interaction is essential for mtDNA maintenance. We will review different mtDNA maintenance disorders that result from defects in this crucial interaction. Finally, we will review therapeutic approaches relevant to defects in mitochondrial membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Almannai
- Genetics and Precision Medicine Department, King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, Riyadh P.O. Box 22490, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Azza Salah
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 72772, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Ayman W. El-Hattab
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 72772, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Genetics and Metabolic Department, KidsHeart Medical Center, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 505193, United Arab Emirates
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18
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Xie X, Zhou J, Hu L, Shu R, Zhang M, Sun L, Wu F, Fu Z, Li Z. Oral exposure to a hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) disrupts mitochondrial function and biogenesis in mice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 430:128376. [PMID: 35158245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) is reported to have hepatotoxicity, lipotoxicity, and cytotoxicity. In this study, the toxicological effects of HFPO-TA on mitochondrial function and biogenesis were studied. Mice were exposed to drinking water which contained either 2, 20, or 200 μg/L HFPO-TA. Results showed exposure to HFPO-TA induced disadvantageous physiological changes in mice, including increases in liver weight, altered cell morphology, and inflammatory responses. Specifically, exposure to 200 μg/L HFPO-TA increased mitochondria number, relative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, and mRNA levels of mitochondrial genes encoded by mtDNA. Significant increases in TFAM mRNA and protein levels were also observed. Liver metabolome analysis also showed exposure to 200 μg/L HFPO-TA further enhanced increases in metabolites and altered metabolic pathways that correlated with mitochondrial function, especially the production of ATP. HFPO-TA exposure increased protein expression of mitochondrial complex I-V, and the activities of key enzymes involved in TCA cycle (α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, and succinate dehydrogenase). Furthermore, exposure to 200 μg/L HFPO-TA significantly up-regulating mRNA and protein levels of Opa1, Mfn1, Mfn2, Fis1, and Mff, but did not change Drp1. These findings suggest HFPO-TA could have detrimental effects on health of animals, particularly it was associated with disrupted mitochondrial energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Xie
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jiafeng Zhou
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Luting Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Ruonan Shu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Mengya Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Fengchun Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China.
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Yadav T, Gau D, Roy P. Mitochondria-actin cytoskeleton crosstalk in cell migration. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2387-2403. [PMID: 35342955 PMCID: PMC9945482 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria perform diverse functions in the cell and their roles during processes such as cell survival, differentiation, and migration are increasingly being appreciated. Mitochondrial and actin cytoskeletal networks not only interact with each other, but this multifaceted interaction shapes their functional dynamics. The interrelation between mitochondria and the actin cytoskeleton extends far beyond the requirement of mitochondrial ATP generation to power actin dynamics, and impinges upon several major aspects of cellular physiology. Being situated at the hub of cell signaling pathways, mitochondrial function can alter the activity of actin regulatory proteins and therefore modulate the processes downstream of actin dynamics such as cellular migration. As we will discuss, this regulation is highly nuanced and operates at multiple levels allowing mitochondria to occupy a strategic position in the regulation of migration, as well as pathological events that rely on aberrant cell motility such as cancer metastasis. In this review, we summarize the crosstalk that exists between mitochondria and actin regulatory proteins, and further emphasize on how this interaction holds importance in cell migration in normal as well as dysregulated scenarios as in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Yadav
- Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune
| | - David Gau
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Partha Roy
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA,Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, USA
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Targeting nucleotide metabolism: a promising approach to enhance cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:45. [PMID: 35477416 PMCID: PMC9044757 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting nucleotide metabolism can not only inhibit tumor initiation and progression but also exert serious side effects. With in-depth studies of nucleotide metabolism, our understanding of nucleotide metabolism in tumors has revealed their non-proliferative effects on immune escape, indicating the potential effectiveness of nucleotide antimetabolites for enhancing immunotherapy. A growing body of evidence now supports the concept that targeting nucleotide metabolism can increase the antitumor immune response by (1) activating host immune systems via maintaining the concentrations of several important metabolites, such as adenosine and ATP, (2) promoting immunogenicity caused by increased mutability and genomic instability by disrupting the purine and pyrimidine pool, and (3) releasing nucleoside analogs via microbes to regulate immunity. Therapeutic approaches targeting nucleotide metabolism combined with immunotherapy have achieved exciting success in preclinical animal models. Here, we review how dysregulated nucleotide metabolism can promote tumor growth and interact with the host immune system, and we provide future insights into targeting nucleotide metabolism for immunotherapeutic treatment of various malignancies.
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Wikramanayake TC, Chéret J, Sevilla A, Birch-Machin M, Paus R. Targeting mitochondria in dermatological therapy: Beyond oxidative damage and skin aging. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:233-259. [PMID: 35249436 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2049756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The analysis of the role of the mitochondria in oxidative damage and skin aging is a significant aspect of dermatological research. Mitochondria generate most reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, excessive ROS are cytotoxic and DNA-damaging and promote (photo-)aging. ROS also possesses key physiological and regulatory functions and mitochondrial dysfunction is prominent in several skin diseases including skin cancers. Although many standard dermatotherapeutics modulate mitochondrial function, dermatological therapy rarely targets the mitochondria. Accordingly, there is a rationale for "mitochondrial dermatology"-based approaches to be applied to therapeutic research. AREAS COVERED This paper examines the functions of mitochondria in cutaneous physiology beyond energy (ATP) and ROS production. Keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal barrier maintenance, appendage morphogenesis and homeostasis, photoaging and skin cancer are considered. Based on related PubMed search results, the paper evaluates thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, Vitamin D3 derivatives, retinoids, cannabinoid receptor agonists, PPARγ agonists, thyrotropin, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone as instructive lead compounds. Moreover, the mitochondrial protein MPZL3 as a promising new drug target for future "mitochondrial dermatology" is highlighted. EXPERT OPINION Future dermatological therapeutic research should have a mitochondrial medicine emphasis. Focusing on selected lead agents, protein targets, in silico drug design, and model diseases will fertilize a mito-centric approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu C Wikramanayake
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Jérémy Chéret
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Alec Sevilla
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Mark Birch-Machin
- Dermatological Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, and The UK National Innovation Centre for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ralf Paus
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany.,Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
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22
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Valiente-Pallejà A, Tortajada J, Bulduk BK, Vilella E, Garrabou G, Muntané G, Martorell L. Comprehensive summary of mitochondrial DNA alterations in the postmortem human brain: A systematic review. EBioMedicine 2022; 76:103815. [PMID: 35085849 PMCID: PMC8790490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes 37 genes necessary for synthesizing 13 essential subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system. mtDNA alterations are known to cause mitochondrial disease (MitD), a clinically heterogeneous group of disorders that often present with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Understanding the nature and frequency of mtDNA alterations in health and disease could be a cornerstone in disentangling the relationship between biochemical findings and clinical symptoms of brain disorders. This systematic review aimed to summarize the mtDNA alterations in human brain tissue reported to date that have implications for further research on the pathophysiological significance of mtDNA alterations in brain functioning. METHODS We searched the PubMed and Embase databases using distinct terms related to postmortem human brain and mtDNA up to June 10, 2021. Reports were eligible if they were empirical studies analysing mtDNA in postmortem human brains. FINDINGS A total of 158 of 637 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were clustered into the following groups: MitD (48 entries), neurological diseases (NeuD, 55 entries), psychiatric diseases (PsyD, 15 entries), a miscellaneous group with controls and other clinical diseases (5 entries), ageing (20 entries), and technical issues (5 entries). Ten entries were ascribed to more than one group. Pathogenic single nucleotide variants (pSNVs), both homo- or heteroplasmic variants, have been widely reported in MitD, with heteroplasmy levels varying among brain regions; however, pSNVs are rarer in NeuD, PsyD and ageing. A lower mtDNA copy number (CN) in disease was described in most, but not all, of the identified studies. mtDNA deletions were identified in individuals in the four clinical categories and ageing. Notably, brain samples showed significantly more mtDNA deletions and at higher heteroplasmy percentages than blood samples, and several of the deletions present in the brain were not detected in the blood. Finally, mtDNA heteroplasmy, mtDNA CN and the deletion levels varied depending on the brain region studied. INTERPRETATION mtDNA alterations are well known to affect human tissues, including the brain. In general, we found that studies of MitD, NeuD, PsyD, and ageing were highly variable in terms of the type of disease or ageing process investigated, number of screened individuals, studied brain regions and technology used. In NeuD and PsyD, no particular type of mtDNA alteration could be unequivocally assigned to any specific disease or diagnostic group. However, the presence of mtDNA deletions and mtDNA CN variation imply a role for mtDNA in NeuD and PsyD. Heteroplasmy levels and threshold effects, affected brain regions, and mitotic segregation patterns of mtDNA alterations may be involved in the complex inheritance of NeuD and PsyD and in the ageing process. Therefore, more information is needed regarding the type of mtDNA alteration, the affected brain regions, the heteroplasmy levels, and their relationship with clinical phenotypes and the ageing process. FUNDING Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PI18/00514).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Valiente-Pallejà
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Tortajada
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bengisu K Bulduk
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabet Vilella
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Glòria Garrabou
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerard Muntané
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute of Evolutionary Biology (IBE), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lourdes Martorell
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Zhou X, Mikaeloff F, Curbo S, Zhao Q, Kuiper R, Végvári Á, Neogi U, Karlsson A. Coordinated pyruvate kinase activity is crucial for metabolic adaptation and cell survival during mitochondrial dysfunction. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:2012-2026. [PMID: 34169315 PMCID: PMC8522632 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxyguanosine kinase (DGUOK) deficiency causes mtDNA depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction. We reported long survival of DGUOK knockout (Dguok-/-) mice despite low (<5%) mtDNA content in liver tissue. However, the molecular mechanisms enabling the extended survival remain unknown. Using transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics followed by in vitro assays, we aimed to identify the molecular pathways involved in the extended survival of the Dguok-/- mice. At the early stage, the serine synthesis and folate cycle were activated but declined later. Increased activity of the mitochondrial citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) and the urea cycle and degradation of branched chain amino acids were hallmarks of the extended lifespan in DGUOK deficiency. Furthermore, the increased synthesis of TCA cycle intermediates was supported by coordination of two pyruvate kinase genes, PKLR and PKM, indicating a central coordinating role of pyruvate kinases to support the long-term survival in mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Zhou
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 141 86, Sweden
| | - Flora Mikaeloff
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 141 86, Sweden
| | - Sophie Curbo
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 141 86, Sweden
| | - Qian Zhao
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 141 86, Sweden
| | - Raoul Kuiper
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 141 86, Sweden
| | - Ákos Végvári
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE-171 65, Sweden
| | - Ujjwal Neogi
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 141 86, Sweden
| | - Anna Karlsson
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 141 86, Sweden
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Li X, Zhu H, Sun W, Yang X, Nie Q, Fang X. Role of glutamine and its metabolite ammonia in crosstalk of cancer-associated fibroblasts and cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:479. [PMID: 34503536 PMCID: PMC8427881 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02121-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the most abundant cells in the tumor microenvironment, play an indispensable role in cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and metabolism. The limitations of traditional treatments can be partly attributed to the lack of understanding of the role of the tumor stroma. For this reason, CAF targeting is gradually gaining attention, and many studies are trying to overcome the limitations of tumor treatment with CAF as a breakthrough. Glutamine (GLN) has been called a “nitrogen reservoir” for cancer cells because of its role in supporting anabolic processes such as fuel proliferation and nucleotide synthesis, but ammonia is a byproduct of the metabolism of GLN and other nitrogenous compounds. Moreover, in some studies, GLN has been reported as a fundamental nitrogen source that can support tumor biomass. In this review, we discuss the latest findings on the role of GLN and ammonia in the crosstalk between CAFs and cancer cells as well as the potential therapeutic implications of nitrogen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongming Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixuan Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingru Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Nie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuedong Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Landoni JC, Wang L, Suomalainen A. Whole-Cell and Mitochondrial dNTP Pool Quantification from Cells and Tissues. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2276:143-151. [PMID: 34060038 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1266-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates (dNTPs) are the molecular building blocks for DNA synthesis, and their balanced concentration in the cell is fundamental for health. dNTP imbalance can lead to genomic instability and other metabolic disturbances, resulting in devastating mitochondrial diseases.The accurate and efficient measurement of dNTPs from different biological samples and cellular compartments is vital to understand the mechanisms behind these diseases and develop and scrutinize their possible treatments. This chapter describes an update on the most recent development of the traditional radiolabeled polymerase extension method and its adaptation for the measurement of whole-cell and mitochondrial dNTP pools from cultured cells and tissue samples. The solid-phase reaction setting enables an increase in efficiency, accuracy, and measurement scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Landoni
- Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anu Suomalainen
- University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Helsinki, Finland.
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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26
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Coppedè F. One-carbon epigenetics and redox biology of neurodegeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 170:19-33. [PMID: 33307166 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One-carbon metabolism provides the methyl groups for both DNA and histone tail methylation reactions, two of the main epigenetic processes that tightly regulate the chromatin structure and gene expression levels. Several enzymes involved in one-carbon metabolism, as well as several epigenetic enzymes, are regulated by intracellular metabolites and redox cofactors, but their expression levels are in turn regulated by epigenetic modifications, in such a way that metabolism and gene expression reciprocally regulate each other to maintain homeostasis and regulate cell growth, survival, differentiation and response to environmental stimuli. Increasing evidence highlights the contribution of impaired one-carbon metabolism and epigenetic modifications in neurodegeneration. This article provides an overview of DNA and histone tail methylation changes in major neurodegenerative disorders, namely Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, discussing the contribution of oxidative stress and impaired one-carbon and redox metabolism to their onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
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27
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Moya GE, Rivera PD, Dittenhafer-Reed KE. Evidence for the Role of Mitochondrial DNA Release in the Inflammatory Response in Neurological Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7030. [PMID: 34209978 PMCID: PMC8268735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are regarded as the metabolic centers of cells and are integral in many other cell processes, including the immune response. Each mitochondrion contains numerous copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), a small, circular, and bacterial-like DNA. In response to cellular damage or stress, mtDNA can be released from the mitochondrion and trigger immune and inflammatory responses. mtDNA release into the cytosol or bloodstream can occur as a response to hypoxia, sepsis, traumatic injury, excitatory cytotoxicity, or drastic mitochondrial membrane potential changes, some of which are hallmarks of neurodegenerative and mood disorders. Released mtDNA can mediate inflammatory responses observed in many neurological and mood disorders by driving the expression of inflammatory cytokines and the interferon response system. The current understanding of the role of mtDNA release in affective mood disorders and neurodegenerative diseases will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phillip D. Rivera
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Hope College, Holland, MI 49423, USA;
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28
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Ramón J, Vila-Julià F, Molina-Granada D, Molina-Berenguer M, Melià MJ, García-Arumí E, Torres-Torronteras J, Cámara Y, Martí R. Therapy Prospects for Mitochondrial DNA Maintenance Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6447. [PMID: 34208592 PMCID: PMC8234938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA depletion and multiple deletions syndromes (MDDS) constitute a group of mitochondrial diseases defined by dysfunctional mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication and maintenance. As is the case for many other mitochondrial diseases, the options for the treatment of these disorders are rather limited today. Some aggressive treatments such as liver transplantation or allogeneic stem cell transplantation are among the few available options for patients with some forms of MDDS. However, in recent years, significant advances in our knowledge of the biochemical pathomechanisms accounting for dysfunctional mtDNA replication have been achieved, which has opened new prospects for the treatment of these often fatal diseases. Current strategies under investigation to treat MDDS range from small molecule substrate enhancement approaches to more complex treatments, such as lentiviral or adenoassociated vector-mediated gene therapy. Some of these experimental therapies have already reached the clinical phase with very promising results, however, they are hampered by the fact that these are all rare disorders and so the patient recruitment potential for clinical trials is very limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ramón
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Diseases, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.); (F.V.-J.); (D.M.-G.); (M.M.-B.); (M.J.M.); (E.G.-A.); (J.T.-T.); (Y.C.)
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferran Vila-Julià
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Diseases, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.); (F.V.-J.); (D.M.-G.); (M.M.-B.); (M.J.M.); (E.G.-A.); (J.T.-T.); (Y.C.)
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Molina-Granada
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Diseases, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.); (F.V.-J.); (D.M.-G.); (M.M.-B.); (M.J.M.); (E.G.-A.); (J.T.-T.); (Y.C.)
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Molina-Berenguer
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Diseases, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.); (F.V.-J.); (D.M.-G.); (M.M.-B.); (M.J.M.); (E.G.-A.); (J.T.-T.); (Y.C.)
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Jesús Melià
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Diseases, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.); (F.V.-J.); (D.M.-G.); (M.M.-B.); (M.J.M.); (E.G.-A.); (J.T.-T.); (Y.C.)
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena García-Arumí
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Diseases, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.); (F.V.-J.); (D.M.-G.); (M.M.-B.); (M.J.M.); (E.G.-A.); (J.T.-T.); (Y.C.)
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Torres-Torronteras
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Diseases, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.); (F.V.-J.); (D.M.-G.); (M.M.-B.); (M.J.M.); (E.G.-A.); (J.T.-T.); (Y.C.)
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Cámara
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Diseases, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.); (F.V.-J.); (D.M.-G.); (M.M.-B.); (M.J.M.); (E.G.-A.); (J.T.-T.); (Y.C.)
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Martí
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Diseases, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.); (F.V.-J.); (D.M.-G.); (M.M.-B.); (M.J.M.); (E.G.-A.); (J.T.-T.); (Y.C.)
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Kundu D, Dubey VK. Purines and Pyrimidines: Metabolism, Function and Potential as Therapeutic Options in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 22:170-189. [PMID: 33292151 DOI: 10.2174/1389203721999201208200605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Various neurodegenerative disorders have various molecular origins but some common molecular mechanisms. In the current scenario, there are very few treatment regimens present for advanced neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, there is an urgent need for alternate options in the form of natural compounds with an ameliorating effect on patients. There have been individual scattered experiments trying to identify potential values of various intracellular metabolites. Purines and Pyrimidines, which are vital molecules governing various aspects of cellular biochemical reactions, have been long sought as crucial candidates for the same, but there are still many questions that go unanswered. Some critical functions of these molecules associated with neuromodulation activities have been identified. They are also known to play a role in foetal neurodevelopment, but there is a lacuna in understanding their mechanisms. In this review, we have tried to assemble and identify the importance of purines and pyrimidines, connecting them with the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases. The leading cause of this class of diseases is protein misfolding and the formation of amyloids. A direct correlation between loss of balance in cellular homeostasis and amyloidosis is yet an unexplored area. This review aims at bringing the current literature available under one umbrella serving as a foundation for further extensive research in this field of drug development in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debanjan Kundu
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, UP - 221005, India
| | - Vikash Kumar Dubey
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, UP - 221005, India
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30
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Preferent Diaphragmatic Involvement in TK2 Deficiency: An Autopsy Case Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115598. [PMID: 34070501 PMCID: PMC8199166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our goal was to analyze postmortem tissues of an adult patient with late-onset thymidine kinase 2 (TK2) deficiency who died of respiratory failure. Compared with control tissues, we found a low mtDNA content in the patient’s skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, small intestine, and particularly in the diaphragm, whereas heart and brain tissue showed normal mtDNA levels. mtDNA deletions were present in skeletal muscle and diaphragm. All tissues showed a low content of OXPHOS subunits, and this was especially evident in diaphragm, which also exhibited an abnormal protein profile, expression of non-muscular β-actin and loss of GAPDH and α-actin. MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated the loss of the enzyme fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, and enrichment for serum albumin in the patient’s diaphragm tissue. The TK2-deficient patient’s diaphragm showed a more profound loss of OXPHOS proteins, with lower levels of catalase, peroxiredoxin 6, cytosolic superoxide dismutase, p62 and the catalytic subunits of proteasome than diaphragms of ventilated controls. Strong overexpression of TK1 was observed in all tissues of the patient with diaphragm showing the highest levels. TK2 deficiency induces a more profound dysfunction of the diaphragm than of other tissues, which manifests as loss of OXPHOS and glycolytic proteins, sarcomeric components, antioxidants and overactivation of the TK1 salvage pathway that is not attributed to mechanical ventilation.
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31
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Lingering effects of chemotherapy on mature T cells impair proliferation. Blood Adv 2021; 4:4653-4664. [PMID: 33002133 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered T-cell therapies have demonstrated impressive clinical responses in patients with hematologic malignancies. Despite this efficacy, many patients have a transient persistence of T cells, which can be correlated with transient clinical response. Translational data on T cells from pediatric cancer patients shows a progressive decline in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) suitability with cumulative chemotherapy regardless of regimen. We investigated the effects of chemotherapy on surviving T cells in vitro, describing residual deficits unique to each agent including mitochondrial damage and metabolic alterations. In the case of cyclophosphamide but not doxorubicin or cytarabine, these effects could be reversed with N-acetylcysteine. Specifically, we observed that surviving T cells could be stimulated, expanded, and transduced with CARs with preserved short-term cytolytic function but at far lower numbers and with residual metabolic deficits. These data have implications for understanding the effects of chemotherapy on mature T cells later collected for adoptive cell therapy, as chemotherapy-exposed T cells may have lingering dysfunction that affects ex vivo adoptive cell therapy manufacturing techniques and, ultimately, clinical efficacy.
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32
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Ma J, Zhong M, Xiong Y, Gao Z, Wu Z, Liu Y, Hong X. Emerging roles of nucleotide metabolism in cancer development: progress and prospect. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:13349-13358. [PMID: 33952722 PMCID: PMC8148454 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal cancer metabolism occurs throughout the development of tumors. Recent studies have shown that abnormal nucleotide metabolism not only accelerates the development of tumors but also inhibits the normal immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Although few relevant experiments and reports are available, study of the interaction between nucleotide metabolism and cancer development is rapidly developing. The intervention, alteration or regulation of molecular mechanisms related to abnormal nucleotide metabolism in tumor cells has become a new idea and strategy for the treatment of tumors and prevention of recurrence and metastasis. Determining how nucleotide metabolism regulates the occurrence and progression of tumors still needs long-term and extensive research and exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Ma
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Mengya Zhong
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Yubo Xiong
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Zhi Gao
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, Nanning 53000, China
| | - Zhengxin Wu
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Guangxi, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- General Surgery Center, Bazhong Central Hospital, Sichuan, Bazhong 636000, China
| | - Xuehui Hong
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China
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33
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Dejakaisaya H, Harutyunyan A, Kwan P, Jones NC. Altered metabolic pathways in a transgenic mouse model suggest mechanistic role of amyloid precursor protein overexpression in Alzheimer's disease. Metabolomics 2021; 17:42. [PMID: 33876332 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mechanistic role of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. OBJECTIVES Here, we aimed to identify alterations in cerebral metabolites and metabolic pathways in cortex, hippocampus and serum samples from Tg2576 mice, a widely used mouse model of AD. METHODS Metabolomic profilings using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were performed and analysed with MetaboAnalyst and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). RESULTS Expressions of 11 metabolites in cortex, including hydroxyphenyllactate-linked to oxidative stress-and phosphatidylserine-lipid metabolism-were significantly different between Tg2576 and WT mice (false discovery rate < 0.05). Four metabolic pathways from cortex, including glycerophospholipid metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism, and one pathway (sulphur metabolism) from hippocampus, were significantly enriched in Tg2576 mice. Network analysis identified five pathways, including alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and mitochondria electron transport chain, that were significantly correlated with AD genotype. CONCLUSIONS Changes in metabolite concentrations and metabolic pathways are present in the early stage of APP pathology, and may be important for AD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hattapark Dejakaisaya
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Anna Harutyunyan
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Nigel C Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
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34
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Kazuhito T, Wei FY. Posttranscriptional modifications in mitochondrial tRNA and its implication in mitochondrial translation and disease. J Biochem 2021; 168:435-444. [PMID: 32818253 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental aspect of mitochondria is that they possess DNA and protein translation machinery. Mitochondrial DNA encodes 22 tRNAs that translate mitochondrial mRNAs to 13 polypeptides of respiratory complexes. Various chemical modifications have been identified in mitochondrial tRNAs via complex enzymatic processes. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that these modifications are essential for translation by regulating tRNA stability, structure and mRNA binding, and can be dynamically regulated by the metabolic environment. Importantly, the hypomodification of mitochondrial tRNA due to pathogenic mutations in mitochondrial tRNA genes or nuclear genes encoding modifying enzymes can result in life-threatening mitochondrial diseases in humans. Thus, the mitochondrial tRNA modification is a fundamental mechanism underlying the tight regulation of mitochondrial translation and is essential for life. In this review, we focus on recent findings on the physiological roles of 5-taurinomethyl modification (herein referred as taurine modification) in mitochondrial tRNAs. We summarize the findings in human patients and animal models with a deficiency of taurine modifications and provide pathogenic links to mitochondrial diseases. We anticipate that this review will help understand the complexity of mitochondrial biology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomizawa Kazuhito
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Fan-Yan Wei
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Modomics Biology and Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seriyo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
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35
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Falk MJ. The pursuit of precision mitochondrial medicine: Harnessing preclinical cellular and animal models to optimize mitochondrial disease therapeutic discovery. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:312-324. [PMID: 33006762 PMCID: PMC7994194 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria share extensive evolutionary conservation across nearly all living species. This homology allows robust insights to be gained into pathophysiologic mechanisms and therapeutic targets for the heterogeneous class of primary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs) through the study of diverse in vitro cellular and in vivo animal models. Dramatic advances in genetic technologies, ranging from RNA interference to achieve graded knock-down of gene expression to CRISPR/Cas-based gene editing that yields a stable gene knock-out or targeted mutation knock-in, have enabled the ready establishment of mitochondrial disease models for a plethora of individual nuclear gene disorders. These models are complemented and extended by the use of pharmacologic inhibitor-based stressors to characterize variable degrees, onset, duration, and combinations of acute on chronic mitochondrial dysfunction in individual respiratory chain enzyme complexes or distinct biochemical pathways within mitochondria. Herein is described the rationale for, and progress made in, "therapeutic cross-training," a novel approach meant to improve the validity and rigor of experimental conclusions when testing therapies by studying treatment effects in multiple, evolutionarily-distinct species, including Caenorhabditis elegans (invertebrate, worm), Danio rerio (vertebrate, zebrafish), Mus musculus (mammal, mouse), and/or human patient primary fibroblast cell line models of PMD. The goal of these preclinical studies is to identify lead therapies from candidate molecules or library screens that consistently demonstrate efficacy, with minimal toxicity, in specific subtypes of mitochondrial disease. Conservation of in vitro and in vivo therapeutic effects of lead molecules across species has proven extensive, where molar concentrations found to be toxic or efficacious in one species are often consistent with therapeutic effects at similar doses seen in other mitochondrial disease models. Phenotypic outcome studies in all models are prioritized at the level of survival and function, to reflect the ultimate goal of developing highly potent therapies for human mitochondrial disease. Lead compounds that demonstrate significant benefit on gross phenotypes may be further scrutinized in these same models to decipher their cellular targets, mechanism(s), and detailed biochemical effects. High-throughput, automated technologic advances will be discussed that enable efficient, parallel screening in a diverse array of mitochondrial disease disorders and overarching subclasses of compounds, concentrations, libraries, and combinations. Overall, this therapeutic cross-training approach has proven valuable to identify compounds with optimal potency and safety profiles among major biochemical subtypes or specific genetic etiologies of mitochondrial disease. This approach further supports rational prioritization of lead compounds, target concentrations, and specific disease phenotypes, outcomes, and subgroups to optimally inform the design of clinical trials that test their efficacy in human mitochondrial disease subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marni J. Falk
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- Corresponding Author: Marni J. Falk, M.D., The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, ARC1002c, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Office 1-267-426-4961, Fax 1-267-476-2876,
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36
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Müller‐Nedebock AC, Westhuizen FH, Kõks S, Bardien S. Nuclear Genes Associated with Mitochondrial
DNA
Processes as Contributors to Parkinson's Disease Risk. Mov Disord 2021; 36:815-831. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.28475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amica C. Müller‐Nedebock
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa
| | | | - Sulev Kõks
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science Nedlands Western Australia Australia
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics Murdoch University Murdoch Western Australia Australia
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa
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37
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Farooq S, Ngaini Z. One‐pot
and
two‐pot
methods for chalcone derived pyrimidines synthesis and applications. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Farooq
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Kota Samarahan Malaysia
| | - Zainab Ngaini
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Kota Samarahan Malaysia
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38
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de Fuenmayor-Fernández de la Hoz CP, Morís G, Jiménez-Mallebrera C, Badosa C, Hernández-Laín A, Blázquez Encinar A, Martín MÁ, Domínguez-González C. Recurrent rhabdomyolysis and exercise intolerance: A new phenotype of late-onset thymidine kinase 2 deficiency. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2021; 26:100701. [PMID: 33457207 PMCID: PMC7797901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 29-year-old man developed, since the age of 18, exercise intolerance and exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis, with myoglobinuria. Muscle biopsy showed ragged-red fibers. Multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions were detected. The previously reported pathogenic homozygous mutation c.323C>T (p.Thr108Met) in TK2 was identified. This case expands the phenotypic spectrum of TK2 deficiency and indicates that it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of episodic rhabdomyolysis and exercise intolerance, along with other metabolic and mitochondrial myopathies. Since a new treatment is under development, it is essential improving knowledge of the natural history of TK2 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Germán Morís
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cecilia Jiménez-Mallebrera
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Badosa
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurelio Hernández-Laín
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Blázquez Encinar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Domínguez-González
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
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39
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Pappalardo P, Benoist JF, Bax BE, Carra-Dallière C, Marelli C, Levene M, Begue L, Rolland A, Flori N, Rivier F, Blanchet C, Munnich A, Altwegg R, Meyer P, Roubertie A. Pregnancy in MNGIE: a clinical and metabolic honeymoon. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:2484-2488. [PMID: 33159497 PMCID: PMC7732247 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) is an inherited disease caused by a deficiency in thymidine phosphorylase and characterized by elevated systemic deoxyribonucleotides and gastrointestinal (GI) and neurological manifestations. We report the clinical and biochemical manifestations that were evaluated in a single patient before, during, and after pregnancy, over a period of 7 years. GI symptoms significantly improved, and plasma deoxyribonucleotide concentrations decreased during pregnancy. Within days after delivery, the patient's digestive symptoms recurred, coinciding with a rapid increase in plasma deoxyribonucleotide concentrations. We hypothesize that the clinico-metabolic improvements could be attributed to the enzyme replacement action of the placental thymidine phosphorylase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bridget E Bax
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St George's University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Clarisse Carra-Dallière
- Département de Neurologie, CHU Gui de Chauliac, Inserm U1198 MMDN, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cecilia Marelli
- Département de Neurologie, CHU Gui de Chauliac, Inserm U1198 MMDN, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Michele Levene
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St George's University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Laetitia Begue
- Département de Gynéco-obstétrique, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Rolland
- Département de Pédiatrie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Flori
- Département des Soins de Support, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - François Rivier
- Département de Neuropédiatrie, CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
- U1046 INSERM, UMR9214 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Blanchet
- Service d'ORL et Chirurgie Cervico Faciale, CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Romain Altwegg
- Département de Gastroentérologie, CHU St Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Meyer
- Département de Neuropédiatrie, CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
- U1046 INSERM, UMR9214 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Agathe Roubertie
- Département de Neuropédiatrie, CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INSERM U1051, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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40
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Götting I, Jendrossek V, Matschke J. A New Twist in Protein Kinase B/Akt Signaling: Role of Altered Cancer Cell Metabolism in Akt-Mediated Therapy Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228563. [PMID: 33202866 PMCID: PMC7697684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and molecular-targeted agents is a major obstacle to successful cancer therapy. Herein, aberrant activation of the phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway is one of the most frequently deregulated pathways in cancer cells and has been associated with multiple aspects of therapy resistance. These include, for example, survival under stress conditions, apoptosis resistance, activation of the cellular response to DNA damage and repair of radiation-induced or chemotherapy-induced DNA damage, particularly DNA double strand breaks (DSB). One further important, yet not much investigated aspect of Akt-dependent signaling is the regulation of cell metabolism. In fact, many Akt target proteins are part of or involved in the regulation of metabolic pathways. Furthermore, recent studies revealed the importance of certain metabolites for protection against therapy-induced cell stress and the repair of therapy-induced DNA damage. Thus far, the likely interaction between deregulated activation of Akt, altered cancer metabolism and therapy resistance is not yet well understood. The present review describes the documented interactions between Akt, its target proteins and cancer cell metabolism, focusing on antioxidant defense and DSB repair. Furthermore, the review highlights potential connections between deregulated Akt, cancer cell metabolism and therapy resistance of cancer cells through altered DSB repair and discusses potential resulting therapeutic implications.
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41
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Drosophila melanogaster Mitochondrial Carriers: Similarities and Differences with the Human Carriers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176052. [PMID: 32842667 PMCID: PMC7504413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial carriers are a family of structurally related proteins responsible for the exchange of metabolites, cofactors and nucleotides between the cytoplasm and mitochondrial matrix. The in silico analysis of the Drosophila melanogaster genome has highlighted the presence of 48 genes encoding putative mitochondrial carriers, but only 20 have been functionally characterized. Despite most Drosophila mitochondrial carrier genes having human homologs and sharing with them 50% or higher sequence identity, D. melanogaster genes display peculiar differences from their human counterparts: (1) in the fruit fly, many genes encode more transcript isoforms or are duplicated, resulting in the presence of numerous subfamilies in the genome; (2) the expression of the energy-producing genes in D. melanogaster is coordinated from a motif known as Nuclear Respiratory Gene (NRG), a palindromic 8-bp sequence; (3) fruit-fly duplicated genes encoding mitochondrial carriers show a testis-biased expression pattern, probably in order to keep a duplicate copy in the genome. Here, we review the main features, biological activities and role in the metabolism of the D. melanogaster mitochondrial carriers characterized to date, highlighting similarities and differences with their human counterparts. Such knowledge is very important for obtaining an integrated view of mitochondrial function in D. melanogaster metabolism.
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42
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Rashad S, Saigusa D, Yamazaki T, Matsumoto Y, Tomioka Y, Saito R, Uruno A, Niizuma K, Yamamoto M, Tominaga T. Metabolic basis of neuronal vulnerability to ischemia; an in vivo untargeted metabolomics approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6507. [PMID: 32300196 PMCID: PMC7162929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63483-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the root causes of neuronal vulnerability to ischemia is paramount to the development of new therapies for stroke. Transient global cerebral ischemia (tGCI) leads to selective neuronal cell death in the CA1 sub-region of the hippocampus, while the neighboring CA3 sub-region is left largely intact. By studying factors pertaining to such selective vulnerability, we can develop therapies to enhance outcome after stroke. Using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we analyzed temporal metabolomic changes in CA1 and CA3 hippocampal areas following tGCI in rats till the setting of neuronal apoptosis. 64 compounds in CA1 and 74 in CA3 were found to be enriched and statistically significant following tGCI. Pathway analysis showed that pyrimidine and purine metabolism pathways amongst several others to be enriched after tGCI in CA1 and CA3. Metabolomics analysis was able to capture very early changes following ischemia. We detected 6 metabolites to be upregulated and 6 to be downregulated 1 hour after tGCI in CA1 versus CA3. Several metabolites related to apoptosis and inflammation were differentially expressed in both regions after tGCI. We offer a new insight into the process of neuronal apoptosis, guided by metabolomic profiling that was not performed to such an extent previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Rashad
- Department of Neurosurgical Engineering and Translational Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Saigusa
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai, Japan.,Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yotaro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Tomioka
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ritsumi Saito
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai, Japan.,Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akira Uruno
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai, Japan.,Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kuniyasu Niizuma
- Department of Neurosurgical Engineering and Translational Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. .,Department of Neurosurgical Engineering and Translational Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai, Japan.,Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teiji Tominaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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43
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Musheev MU, Baumgärtner A, Krebs L, Niehrs C. The origin of genomic N6-methyl-deoxyadenosine in mammalian cells. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 16:630-634. [DOI: 10.1038/s41589-020-0504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Rang J, He H, Yuan S, Tang J, Liu Z, Xia Z, Khan TA, Hu S, Yu Z, Hu Y, Sun Y, Huang W, Ding X, Xia L. Deciphering the Metabolic Pathway Difference Between Saccharopolyspora pogona and Saccharopolyspora spinosa by Comparative Proteomics and Metabonomics. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:396. [PMID: 32256469 PMCID: PMC7093602 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Butenyl-spinosyn, a secondary metabolite produced by Saccharopolyspora pogona, exhibits strong insecticidal activity than spinosyn. However, the low synthesis capacity and unknown metabolic characteristics of butenyl-spinosyn in wild-type S. pogona limit its broad application and metabolic engineering. Here, we showed that S. pogona exhibited increased glucose consumption ability and growth rate compared with S. spinosa, but the production of butenyl-spinosyn was much lower than that of spinosyn. To further elucidate the metabolic mechanism of these different phenotypes, we performed a comparative proteomic and metabolomic study on S. pogona and S. spinosa to identify the change in the abundance levels of proteins and metabolites. We found that the abundance of most proteins and metabolites associated with glucose transport, fatty acid metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, purine and pyrimidine metabolism, and target product biosynthesis in S. pogona was higher than that in S. spinosa. However, the overall abundance of proteins involved in butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis was much lower than that of the high-abundance protein chaperonin GroEL, such as the enzymes related to rhamnose synthesis. We speculated that these protein and metabolite abundance changes may be directly responsible for the above phenotypic changes in S. pogona and S. spinosa, especially affecting butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis. Further studies revealed that the over-expression of the rhamnose synthetic genes and methionine adenosyltransferase gene could effectively improve the production of butenyl-spinosyn by 2.69- and 3.03-fold, respectively, confirming the reliability of this conjecture. This work presents the first comparative proteomics and metabolomics study of S. pogona and S. spinosa, providing new insights into the novel links of phenotypic change and metabolic difference between two strains. The result will be valuable in designing strategies to promote the biosynthesis of butenyl-spinosyn by metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Rang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Haocheng He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuangqin Yuan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianli Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhudong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyuan Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Tahir Ali Khan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shengbiao Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziquan Yu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yibo Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunjun Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Weitao Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuezhi Ding
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Liqiu Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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45
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Mingirulli N, Pyle A, Hathazi D, Alston CL, Kohlschmidt N, O'Grady G, Waddell L, Evesson F, Cooper SBT, Turner C, Duff J, Topf A, Yubero D, Jou C, Nascimento A, Ortez C, García‐Cazorla A, Gross C, O'Callaghan M, Santra S, Preece MA, Champion M, Korenev S, Chronopoulou E, Anirban M, Pierre G, McArthur D, Thompson K, Navas P, Ribes A, Tort F, Schlüter A, Pujol A, Montero R, Sarquella G, Lochmüller H, Jiménez‐Mallebrera C, Taylor RW, Artuch R, Kirschner J, Grünert SC, Roos A, Horvath R. Clinical presentation and proteomic signature of patients with TANGO2 mutations. J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:297-308. [PMID: 31339582 PMCID: PMC7078914 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Transport And Golgi Organization protein 2 (TANGO2) deficiency has recently been identified as a rare metabolic disorder with a distinct clinical and biochemical phenotype of recurrent metabolic crises, hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, arrhythmias, and encephalopathy with cognitive decline. We report nine subjects from seven independent families, and we studied muscle histology, respiratory chain enzyme activities in skeletal muscle and proteomic signature of fibroblasts. All nine subjects carried autosomal recessive TANGO2 mutations. Two carried the reported deletion of exons 3 to 9, one homozygous, one heterozygous with a 22q11.21 microdeletion inherited in trans. The other subjects carried three novel homozygous (c.262C>T/p.Arg88*; c.220A>C/p.Thr74Pro; c.380+1G>A), and two further novel heterozygous (c.6_9del/p.Phe6del); c.11-13delTCT/p.Phe5del mutations. Immunoblot analysis detected a significant decrease of TANGO2 protein. Muscle histology showed mild variation of fiber diameter, no ragged-red/cytochrome c oxidase-negative fibers and a defect of multiple respiratory chain enzymes and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 ) in two cases, suggesting a possible secondary defect of oxidative phosphorylation. Proteomic analysis in fibroblasts revealed significant changes in components of the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi network and secretory pathways. Clinical presentation of TANGO2 mutations is homogeneous and clinically recognizable. The hemizygous mutations in two patients suggest that some mutations leading to allele loss are difficult to detect. A combined defect of the respiratory chain enzymes and CoQ10 with altered levels of several membrane proteins provides molecular insights into the underlying pathophysiology and may guide rational new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Mingirulli
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle DisordersMedical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of MedicineBreisgauGermany
- Department of General PediatricsAdolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of MedicineBreisgauGermany
| | - Angela Pyle
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial ResearchInstitute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Denisa Hathazi
- Biomedical Research DepartmentLeibniz‐Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.VDortmundGermany
| | - Charlotte L. Alston
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial ResearchInstitute of Neuroscience, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | | | - Gina O'Grady
- Kid's Neuroscience Centre, Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Leigh Waddell
- Kid's Neuroscience Centre, Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Frances Evesson
- Kid's Neuroscience Centre, Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Sandra B. T. Cooper
- Kid's Neuroscience Centre, Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Christian Turner
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- CardiologyThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Jennifer Duff
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial ResearchInstitute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Ana Topf
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research CentreInstitute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Delia Yubero
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Genetics, Pediatric Neurology and Cardiology and BiobankInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Cristina Jou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Genetics, Pediatric Neurology and Cardiology and BiobankInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Andrés Nascimento
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Genetics, Pediatric Neurology and Cardiology and BiobankInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Carlos Ortez
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Genetics, Pediatric Neurology and Cardiology and BiobankInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Angels García‐Cazorla
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Genetics, Pediatric Neurology and Cardiology and BiobankInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Claudia Gross
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial ResearchInstitute of Neuroscience, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Maria O'Callaghan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Genetics, Pediatric Neurology and Cardiology and BiobankInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Saikat Santra
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK
| | | | | | - Sergei Korenev
- Department of Inherited DiseaseSt Thomas HospitalLondonUK
| | | | - Majumdar Anirban
- South West Regional Metabolic DepartmentBristol Royal Hospital for ChildrenBristolUK
| | - Germaine Pierre
- South West Regional Metabolic DepartmentBristol Royal Hospital for ChildrenBristolUK
| | - Daniel McArthur
- Center for Mendelian Genomics and Program in Medical and Population GeneticsBroad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMassachusetts
- Analytic and Translational Genetics UnitMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts
| | - Kyle Thompson
- Kid's Neuroscience Centre, Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Placido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del DesarrolloUníversidad Pablo de Olavide‐CSIC‐JA and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Antonia Ribes
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme – IBCServei de Bioquímica I Genètìca Molecular, Hospital Clínìc, IDIBAPS, CIBERERBarcelonaSpain
| | - Frederic Tort
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme – IBCServei de Bioquímica I Genètìca Molecular, Hospital Clínìc, IDIBAPS, CIBERERBarcelonaSpain
| | - Agatha Schlüter
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investìgacío Biomedíca de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Raquel Montero
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Genetics, Pediatric Neurology and Cardiology and BiobankInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Georgia Sarquella
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Genetics, Pediatric Neurology and Cardiology and BiobankInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle DisordersMedical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of MedicineBreisgauGermany
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Division of Neurology, Department of MedicineThe Ottawa HospitalOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Cecilia Jiménez‐Mallebrera
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Genetics, Pediatric Neurology and Cardiology and BiobankInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Robert W. Taylor
- Kid's Neuroscience Centre, Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Rafael Artuch
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Genetics, Pediatric Neurology and Cardiology and BiobankInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Janbernd Kirschner
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle DisordersMedical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of MedicineBreisgauGermany
| | - Sarah C. Grünert
- Department of General PediatricsAdolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of MedicineBreisgauGermany
| | - Andreas Roos
- Biomedical Research DepartmentLeibniz‐Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.VDortmundGermany
- Pediatric NeurologyUniversity Children's Hospital, University of Duisburg‐Essen, Faculty of MedicineEssenGermany
| | - Rita Horvath
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial ResearchInstitute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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46
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Sommerville EW, Dalla Rosa I, Rosenberg MM, Bruni F, Thompson K, Rocha M, Blakely EL, He L, Falkous G, Schaefer AM, Yu‐Wai‐Man P, Chinnery PF, Hedstrom L, Spinazzola A, Taylor RW, Gorman GS. Identification of a novel heterozygous guanosine monophosphate reductase (GMPR) variant in a patient with a late-onset disorder of mitochondrial DNA maintenance. Clin Genet 2020; 97:276-286. [PMID: 31600844 PMCID: PMC7004030 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia (adPEO) is a late-onset, Mendelian mitochondrial disorder characterised by paresis of the extraocular muscles, ptosis, and skeletal-muscle restricted multiple mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions. Although dominantly inherited, pathogenic variants in POLG, TWNK and RRM2B are among the most common genetic defects of adPEO, identification of novel candidate genes and the underlying pathomechanisms remains challenging. We report the clinical, genetic and molecular investigations of a patient who presented in the seventh decade of life with PEO. Oxidative histochemistry revealed cytochrome c oxidase-deficient fibres and occasional ragged red fibres showing subsarcolemmal mitochondrial accumulation in skeletal muscle, while molecular studies identified the presence of multiple mtDNA deletions. Negative candidate screening of known nuclear genes associated with PEO prompted diagnostic exome sequencing, leading to the prioritisation of a novel heterozygous c.547G>C variant in GMPR (NM_006877.3) encoding guanosine monophosphate reductase, a cytosolic enzyme required for maintaining the cellular balance of adenine and guanine nucleotides. We show that the novel c.547G>C variant causes aberrant splicing, decreased GMPR protein levels in patient skeletal muscle, proliferating and quiescent cells, and is associated with subtle changes in nucleotide homeostasis protein levels and evidence of disturbed mtDNA maintenance in skeletal muscle. Despite confirmation of GMPR deficiency, demonstrating marked defects of mtDNA replication or nucleotide homeostasis in patient cells proved challenging. Our study proposes that GMPR is the 19th locus for PEO and highlights the complexities of uncovering disease mechanisms in late-onset PEO phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewen W. Sommerville
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Ilaria Dalla Rosa
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queens Square Institute of Neurology, Royal Free CampusUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Francesco Bruni
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and BiopharmaceuticsUniversity of Bari “ldo Moro”BariItaly
| | - Kyle Thompson
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Mariana Rocha
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Emma L. Blakely
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Langping He
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Gavin Falkous
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Andrew M. Schaefer
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Patrick Yu‐Wai‐Man
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of OphthalmologyLondonUK
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Patrick F. Chinnery
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience & Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology UnitSchool of Clinical Medicine, University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Lizbeth Hedstrom
- Department of BiologyBrandeis UniversityWalthamMA
- Department of ChemistryBrandeis University, 415 South St.WalthamMA
| | - Antonella Spinazzola
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queens Square Institute of Neurology, Royal Free CampusUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUK
| | - Robert W. Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Gráinne S. Gorman
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
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47
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Zhong F, Liang S, Zhong Z. Emerging Role of Mitochondrial DNA as a Major Driver of Inflammation and Disease Progression. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:1120-1133. [PMID: 31744765 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation benefits the host by promoting the elimination of invading pathogens and clearance of cellular debris after tissue injury. Inflammation also stimulates tissue repair and regeneration to restore homeostasis and organismal health. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the only form of non-nuclear DNA in eukaryotic cells, is a major activator of inflammation when leaked out from stressed mitochondria. Here, we review the current understanding on the role of mtDNA in innate immunity, discussing how dysregulated mtDNA metabolism can promote chronic inflammation and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhong
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhenyu Zhong
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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48
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Qiu X, Guittet O, Mingoes C, El Banna N, Huang ME, Lepoivre M, Hildebrandt N. Quantification of Cellular Deoxyribonucleoside Triphosphates by Rolling Circle Amplification and Förster Resonance Energy Transfer. Anal Chem 2019; 91:14561-14568. [PMID: 31638767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The quantification of cellular deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) levels is important for studying pathologies, genome integrity, DNA repair, and the efficacy of pharmacological drug treatments. Current standard methods, such as enzymatic assays or high-performance liquid chromatography, are complicated, costly, and labor-intensive, and alternative techniques that simplify dNTP quantification would present very useful complementary approaches. Here, we present a dNTP assay based on isothermal rolling circle amplification (RCA) and rapid time-gated Förster resonance energy transfer (TG-FRET), which used a commercial clinical plate reader system. Despite the relatively simple assay format, limits of detection down to a few picomoles of and excellent specificity for each dNTP against the other dNTPs, rNTPs, and dUTP evidenced the strong performance of the assay. Direct applicability of RCA-FRET to applied nucleic acid research was demonstrated by quantifying all dNTPs in CEM-SS leukemia cells with and without hydroxyurea or auranofin treatment. Both pharmacological agents could reduce the dNTP production in a time- and dose-dependent manner. RCA-FRET provides simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific quantification of intracellular dNTPs and has the potential to become an advanced tool for both fundamental and applied dNTP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Qiu
- NanoBioPhotonics (nanofret.com), Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC) , Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, CEA , 91400 Orsay , France
| | - Olivier Guittet
- Cellular Activation and Signal Transduction, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC) , Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, CEA , 91400 Orsay , France
| | - Carlos Mingoes
- NanoBioPhotonics (nanofret.com), Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC) , Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, CEA , 91400 Orsay , France
| | - Nadine El Banna
- CNRS UMR3348, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91400 Orsay , France
| | - Meng-Er Huang
- CNRS UMR3348, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91400 Orsay , France
| | - Michel Lepoivre
- Cellular Activation and Signal Transduction, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC) , Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, CEA , 91400 Orsay , France
| | - Niko Hildebrandt
- NanoBioPhotonics (nanofret.com), Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC) , Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, CEA , 91400 Orsay , France.,Laboratoire Chimie Organique, Bioorganique, Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA) , Université de Rouen Normandie, CNRS, INSA , 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan , France
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49
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Deoxythymidylate kinase, DTYMK, is a novel gene for mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 496:93-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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50
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Anderson AJ, Jackson TD, Stroud DA, Stojanovski D. Mitochondria-hubs for regulating cellular biochemistry: emerging concepts and networks. Open Biol 2019; 9:190126. [PMID: 31387448 PMCID: PMC6731593 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are iconic structures in biochemistry and cell biology, traditionally referred to as the powerhouse of the cell due to a central role in energy production. However, modern-day mitochondria are recognized as key players in eukaryotic cell biology and are known to regulate crucial cellular processes, including calcium signalling, cell metabolism and cell death, to name a few. In this review, we will discuss foundational knowledge in mitochondrial biology and provide snapshots of recent advances that showcase how mitochondrial function regulates other cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas D Jackson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - David A Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Diana Stojanovski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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