1
|
Recent advances in the synthesis of 4′-truncated nucleoside phosphonic acid analogues. Carbohydr Res 2022; 513:108517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
2
|
Suresh RR, Poe RB, Lin B, Lv K, Campbell RG, Gao ZG, Liston TE, Toti KS, Jacobson KA. Convergent synthesis of 2-thioether-substituted ( N)-methanocarba-adenosines as purine receptor agonists. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27369-27380. [PMID: 35480676 PMCID: PMC9037833 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05096f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A linear route has been used to prepare (N)-methanocarba-nucleoside derivatives, which serve as purine receptor ligands having a pre-established, receptor-preferred conformation. To introduce this rigid ribose substitute, a Mitsunobu reaction of a [3.1.0]bicyclohexane 5′-trityl intermediate 3 with a nucleobase is typically followed by functional group modifications. We herein report an efficient scalable convergent synthesis for 2-substituted (N)-methanocarba-adenosines, which were demonstrated to bind to the A3 adenosine receptor. The adenine moiety was pre-functionalized with 2-thioethers and other groups before coupling to the bicyclic precursor (3) as a key step to facilitate a high yield Mitsunobu product. This new approach provided the (N)-methanocarba-adenosines in moderate to good yield, which effectively increased the overall yield compared to a linear synthesis and conserved a key intermediate 3 (a product of nine sequential steps). The generality of this convergent synthesis, which is suitable as an optimized preclinical synthetic route, was demonstrated with various 2-thioether and 2-methoxy substituents. Enabling efficient synthesis of rigid methanocarba nucleotides and nucleosides as clinically promising purinergic receptor ligands.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Rama Suresh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19 Bethesda MD 20892-0810 USA +1-301-480-8422 +1-301-496-9024
| | | | - Baorui Lin
- WuXi Apptec (Tianjin) Co., Ltd No. 168 Nanhai Road, TEDA Tianjin China
| | - Kexin Lv
- WuXi Apptec (Tianjin) Co., Ltd No. 168 Nanhai Road, TEDA Tianjin China
| | - Ryan G Campbell
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19 Bethesda MD 20892-0810 USA +1-301-480-8422 +1-301-496-9024
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19 Bethesda MD 20892-0810 USA +1-301-480-8422 +1-301-496-9024
| | | | - Kiran S Toti
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19 Bethesda MD 20892-0810 USA +1-301-480-8422 +1-301-496-9024
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19 Bethesda MD 20892-0810 USA +1-301-480-8422 +1-301-496-9024
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tosh D, Ciancetta A, Mannes P, Warnick E, Janowsky A, Eshleman AJ, Gizewski E, Brust TF, Bohn LM, Auchampach JA, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA. Repurposing of a Nucleoside Scaffold from Adenosine Receptor Agonists to Opioid Receptor Antagonists. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:12658-12678. [PMID: 30411015 PMCID: PMC6210068 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
While screening off-target effects of rigid (N)-methanocarba-adenosine 5'-methylamides as A3 adenosine receptor (AR) agonists, we discovered μM binding hits at the δ-opioid receptor (DOR) and translocator protein (TSPO). In an effort to increase OR and decrease AR affinity by structure activity analysis of this series, antagonist activity at κ-(K)OR appeared in 5'-esters (ethyl 24 and propyl 30), which retained TSPO interaction (μM). 7-Deaza modification of C2-(arylethynyl)-5'-esters but not 4'-truncation enhanced KOR affinity (MRS7299 28 and 29, K i ≈ 40 nM), revealed μ-OR and DOR binding, and reduced AR affinity. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations located a putative KOR binding mode consistent with the observed affinities, placing C7 in a hydrophobic region. 3-Deaza modification permitted TSPO but not OR binding, and 1-deaza was permissive to both; ribose-restored analogues were inactive at both. Thus, we have repurposed a known AR nucleoside scaffold for OR antagonism, with a detailed hypothesis for KOR recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip
K. Tosh
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Antonella Ciancetta
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Philip Mannes
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Eugene Warnick
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Aaron Janowsky
- VA
Portland Health Care System, Research Service (R&D-22), and Departments
of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, 3710 S.W. U.S. Veterans Hospital Blvd., Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Amy J. Eshleman
- VA
Portland Health Care System, Research Service (R&D-22), and Departments
of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, 3710 S.W. U.S. Veterans Hospital Blvd., Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Elizabeth Gizewski
- Department
of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, United States
| | - Tarsis F. Brust
- Departments
of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United
States
| | - Laura M. Bohn
- Departments
of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United
States
| | - John A. Auchampach
- Department
of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, United States
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jacobson KA, Tosh DK, Toti KS, Ciancetta A. Polypharmacology of conformationally locked methanocarba nucleosides. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1782-1791. [PMID: 28781163 PMCID: PMC5705437 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A single molecular scaffold can be adapted to interact with diverse targets, either separately or simultaneously. Nucleosides and nucleotides in which ribose is substituted with bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane are an example of a versatile drug-like scaffold for increasing selectivity at their classical targets: kinases, polymerases, adenosine and P2 receptors. Also, by applying structure-based functional group manipulations, rigidified adenosine derivatives can be repurposed to satisfy pharmacophoric requirements of various GPCRs, ion channels, enzymes and transporters, initially detected as off-target activities. Recent examples include 5HT2B serotonin receptor antagonists and novel dopamine transporter allosteric modulators. This directable target diversity establishes rigid nucleosides as privileged scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 8A, Rm B1A-19, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810, USA.
| | - Dilip K Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 8A, Rm B1A-19, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810, USA
| | - Kiran S Toti
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 8A, Rm B1A-19, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810, USA
| | - Antonella Ciancetta
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 8A, Rm B1A-19, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tosh DK, Janowsky A, Eshleman AJ, Warnick E, Gao ZG, Chen Z, Gizewski E, Auchampach JA, Salvemini D, Jacobson KA. Scaffold Repurposing of Nucleosides (Adenosine Receptor Agonists): Enhanced Activity at the Human Dopamine and Norepinephrine Sodium Symporters. J Med Chem 2017; 60:3109-3123. [PMID: 28319392 PMCID: PMC5501184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We have repurposed (N)-methanocarba adenosine derivatives (A3 adenosine receptor (AR) agonists) to enhance radioligand binding allosterically at the human dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) and inhibit DA uptake. We extended the structure-activity relationship of this series with small N6-alkyl substitution, 5'-esters, deaza modifications of adenine, and ribose restored in place of methanocarba. C2-(5-Halothien-2-yl)-ethynyl 5'-methyl 9 (MRS7292) and 5'-ethyl 10 (MRS7232) esters enhanced binding at DAT (EC50 ∼ 35 nM) and at the norepinephrine transporter (NET). 9 and 10 were selective for DAT compared to A3AR in the mouse but not in humans. At DAT, the binding of two structurally dissimilar radioligands was enhanced; NET binding of only one radioligand was enhanced; SERT radioligand binding was minimally affected. 10 was more potent than cocaine at inhibiting DA uptake (IC50 = 107 nM). Ribose analogues were weaker in DAT interaction than the corresponding bicyclics. Thus, we enhanced the neurotransmitter transporter activity of rigid nucleosides while reducing A3AR affinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K. Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 USA
| | - Aaron Janowsky
- VA Portland Health Care System, Research Service (R&D-22), and Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science Univ., Portland, Oregon 97239 USA
| | - Amy J. Eshleman
- VA Portland Health Care System, Research Service (R&D-22), and Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science Univ., Portland, Oregon 97239 USA
| | - Eugene Warnick
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 USA
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 USA
| | - Zhoumou Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri USA 63104
| | - Elizabeth Gizewski
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226 USA
| | - John A. Auchampach
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226 USA
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri USA 63104
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tosh DK, Ciancetta A, Warnick E, Crane S, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA. Structure-Based Scaffold Repurposing for G Protein-Coupled Receptors: Transformation of Adenosine Derivatives into 5HT 2B/5HT 2C Serotonin Receptor Antagonists. J Med Chem 2016; 59:11006-11026. [PMID: 27933810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine derivatives developed to activate adenosine receptors (ARs) revealed micromolar activity at serotonin 5HT2B and 5HT2C receptors (5HTRs). We explored the structure-activity relationship at 5HT2Rs and modeled receptor interactions in order to optimize affinity and simultaneously reduce AR affinity. Depending on N6 substitution, small 5'-alkylamide modification maintained 5HT2BR affinity, which was enhanced upon ribose substitution with rigid bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane (North (N)-methanocarba), e.g., N6-dicyclopropylmethyl 4'-CH2OH derivative 14 (Ki 11 nM). 5'-Methylamide 23 was 170-fold selective as antagonist for 5HT2BR vs 5HT2CR. 5'-Methyl 25 and ethyl 26 esters potently antagonized 5HT2Rs with moderate selectivity in comparison to ARs; related 6-N,N-dimethylamino analogue 30 was 5HT2R-selective. 5' position flexibility of substitution was indicated in 5HT2BR docking. Both 5'-ester and 5'-amide derivatives displayed in vivo t1/2 of 3-4 h. Thus, we used G protein-coupled receptor modeling to repurpose nucleoside scaffolds in favor of binding at nonpurine receptors as novel 5HT2R antagonists, with potential for cardioprotection, liver protection, or central nervous system activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Antonella Ciancetta
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Eugene Warnick
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Steven Crane
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Merino P, Delso I, Tejero T, Ghirardello M, Juste-Navarro V. Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugar Analogues that Target Glycosyltransferases. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Merino
- Department of Synthesis and Structure of Biomolecules; Institute of Chemical Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis (ISQCH); University of Zaragoza, CSIC; Zaragoza, Aragón 50009 Spain
| | - Ignacio Delso
- NMR Service, Center of Chemistry and Materials of Aragon (CEQMA); University of Zaragoza, CSIC; Zaragoza, Aragón 50009 Spain
| | - Tomás Tejero
- Department of Synthesis and Structure of Biomolecules; Institute of Chemical Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis (ISQCH); University of Zaragoza, CSIC; Zaragoza, Aragón 50009 Spain
| | - Mattia Ghirardello
- Department of Synthesis and Structure of Biomolecules; Institute of Chemical Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis (ISQCH); University of Zaragoza, CSIC; Zaragoza, Aragón 50009 Spain
| | - Verónica Juste-Navarro
- Department of Synthesis and Structure of Biomolecules; Institute of Chemical Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis (ISQCH); University of Zaragoza, CSIC; Zaragoza, Aragón 50009 Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Toti KS, Osborne D, Ciancetta A, Boison D, Jacobson KA. South (S)- and North (N)-Methanocarba-7-Deazaadenosine Analogues as Inhibitors of Human Adenosine Kinase. J Med Chem 2016; 59:6860-77. [PMID: 27410258 PMCID: PMC5032833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine kinase (AdK) inhibitors raise endogenous adenosine levels, particularly in disease states, and have potential for treatment of seizures, neurodegeneration, and inflammation. On the basis of the South (S) ribose conformation and molecular dynamics (MD) analysis of nucleoside inhibitors bound in AdK X-ray crystallographic structures, (S)- and North (N)-methanocarba (bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane) derivatives of known inhibitors were prepared and compared as human (h) AdK inhibitors. 5'-Hydroxy (34, MRS4202 (S); 55, MRS4380 (N)) and 5'-deoxy 38a (MRS4203 (S)) analogues, containing 7- and N(6)-NH phenyl groups in 7-deazaadenine, robustly inhibited AdK activity (IC50 ∼ 100 nM), while the 5'-hydroxy derivative 30 lacking the phenyl substituents was weak. Docking in the hAdK X-ray structure and MD simulation suggested a mode of binding similar to 5'-deoxy-5-iodotubercidin and other known inhibitors. Thus, a structure-based design approach for further potency enhancement is possible. The potent AdK inhibitors in this study are ready to be further tested in animal models of epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran S Toti
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810, United States
| | - Danielle Osborne
- Robert Stone Dow Neurobiology Laboratories, Legacy Research Institute , 1225 NE Second Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97232, United States
| | - Antonella Ciancetta
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810, United States
| | - Detlev Boison
- Robert Stone Dow Neurobiology Laboratories, Legacy Research Institute , 1225 NE Second Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97232, United States
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tosh DK, Paoletta S, Chen Z, Crane S, Lloyd J, Gao ZG, Gizewski ET, Auchampach JA, Salvemini D, Jacobson KA. Structure-Based Design, Synthesis by Click Chemistry and in Vivo Activity of Highly Selective A 3 Adenosine Receptor Agonists. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015; 6:555-563. [PMID: 26236460 PMCID: PMC4517612 DOI: 10.1039/c4md00571f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
2-Arylethynyl derivatives of (N)-methanocarba adenosine 5'-uronamides are selective A3AR (adenosine receptor) agonists. Here we substitute a 1,2,3-triazol-1-yl linker in place of the rigid, linear ethynyl group to eliminate its potential metabolic liability. Docking of nucleosides containing possible short linker moieties at the adenine C2 position using a hybrid molecular model of the A3AR (based on the A2AAR agonist-bound structure) correctly predicted that a triazole would maintain the A3AR selectivity, due to its ability to fit a narrow cleft in the receptor. The analogues with various N6 and C2-aryltriazolyl substitution were synthesized and characterized in binding (Ki at hA3AR 0.3 - 12 nM) and in vivo to demonstrate efficacy in controlling chronic neuropathic pain (chronic constriction injury). Among N6-methyl derivatives, a terminal pyrimidin-2-yl group in 9 (MRS7116) increased duration of action (36% pain protection at 3 h) in vivo. N6-Ethyl 5-chlorothien-2-yl analogue 15 (MRS7126) preserved in vivo efficacy (85% protection at 1 h) with short duration. Larger N6 groups, e.g. 17 (MRS7138, >90% protection at 1 and 3 h), greatly enhanced in vivo activity. Thus, we have combined structure-based methods and phenotypic screening to identify nucleoside derivatives having translational potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K Tosh
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Silvia Paoletta
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Zhoumou Chen
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104 USA
| | - Steven Crane
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - John Lloyd
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Elizabeth T Gizewski
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226 USA
| | - John A Auchampach
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226 USA
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104 USA
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Efficient, large-scale synthesis and preclinical studies of MRS5698, a highly selective A3 adenosine receptor agonist that protects against chronic neuropathic pain. Purinergic Signal 2015; 11:371-87. [PMID: 26111639 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-015-9459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported that 2-(3,4-difluorophenylethynyl)-N (6)-3-chlorobenzyl (N)-methanocarba adenosine derivative 1 (MRS5698) binds selectively to human and mouse A3 adenosine receptors (A3ARs, K i 3 nM). It is becoming an important pharmacological tool for defining A3AR effects and is orally active in a chronic neuropathic pain model. Here, we introduce a new synthetic route for MRS5698 from D-ribose, suitable for a scale-up on a multi-gram scale, and we measure in vitro and in vivo ADME-Tox parameters. MRS5698 was very stable in vitro, failed to inhibit CYPs at <10 μM, and was largely bound to plasma proteins. It was well tolerated in the rat at doses of ≤200 mg/kg i.p. A 1 mg/kg i.p. dose in the mouse displayed t 1/2 of 1.09 h and plasma Cmax of 204 nM at 1 h with an AUC of 213 ng × h/mL. CACO-2 bidirectional transport studies suggested intestinal efflux of MRS5698 (efflux ratio 86). Although the oral %F is only 5 %, the beneficial effect to reverse pain lasted for at least 2 h in the CCI model in rats, using the same vehicle for oral administration of a high dose. The stability, low toxicity, lack of CYP interaction, pharmacokinetic half-life, and in vivo efficacy suggest that MRS5698 is a preferred compound for further consideration as a treatment for neuropathic pain.
Collapse
|
11
|
Tosh DK, Jacobson KA. Methanocarba ring as a ribose modification in ligands of G protein-coupled purine and pyrimidine receptors: synthetic approaches. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013; 2013:619-630. [PMID: 26161251 PMCID: PMC4493925 DOI: 10.1039/c2md20348k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) and P2Y receptors for purine and pyrimidine nucleotides have widespread distribution and regulate countless physiological processes. Various synthetic ligands are in clinical trials for treatment of inflammatory diseases, pain, cancer, thrombosis, ischemia, and other conditions. The methanocarba (bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane) ring system as a rigid substitution for ribose, which maintains either a North (N) or South (S) conformation, tends to preserve or enhance the potency and/or selectivity for certain receptor subtypes. This review summarizes recent developments in the synthetic approaches to these biologically important nucleoside and nucleotide analogues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K. Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tu W, Fan J, Zhang H, Xu G, Liu Z, Qu J, Yang F, Zhang L, Luan T, Yuan J, Gong A, Feng J, Sun P, Dong Q. Synthesis and biological evaluation of cyclopentyl-triazolol-pyrimidine (CPTP) based P2Y12 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 24:141-6. [PMID: 24332627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this Letter we describe SAR investigation on the cyclopentyl-triazolol-pyrimidine scaffold in pursuit of new oral P2Y12 inhibitors. Different synthetic routes were developed for variations at the cyclopentyl core. Optimization finally led to compound 2d which was advanced into preclinical development based on better potency and safety profile in comparison to ticagrelor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wangyang Tu
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China.
| | - Jiang Fan
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Haitang Zhang
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Guoji Xu
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Jian Qu
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Fanglong Yang
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Tianyu Luan
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Jijun Yuan
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Aishen Gong
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Piaoyang Sun
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Qing Dong
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 279 Wenjing Rd., Shanghai 200245, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Paoletta S, Tosh DK, Finley A, Gizewski ET, Moss SM, Gao ZG, Auchampach JA, Salvemini D, Jacobson KA. Rational design of sulfonated A3 adenosine receptor-selective nucleosides as pharmacological tools to study chronic neuropathic pain. J Med Chem 2013; 56:5949-63. [PMID: 23789857 DOI: 10.1021/jm4007966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
(N)-Methanocarba(bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane)adenosine derivatives were probed for sites of charged sulfonate substitution, which precludes diffusion across biological membranes, e.g., blood-brain barrier. Molecular modeling predicted that sulfonate groups on C2-phenylethynyl substituents would provide high affinity at both mouse (m) and human (h) A3 adenosine receptors (ARs), while a N(6)-p-sulfophenylethyl substituent would determine higher hA3AR vs mA3AR affinity. These modeling predictions, based on steric fitting of the binding cavity and crucial interactions with key residues, were confirmed by binding/efficacy studies of synthesized sulfonates. N(6)-3-Chlorobenzyl-2-(3-sulfophenylethynyl) derivative 7 (MRS5841) bound selectively to h/m A3ARs (Ki(hA3AR) = 1.9 nM) as agonist, while corresponding p-sulfo isomer 6 (MRS5701) displayed mixed A1/A3AR agonism. Both nucleosides administered ip reduced mouse chronic neuropathic pain that was ascribed to either A3AR or A1/A3AR using A3AR genetic deletion. Thus, rational design methods based on A3AR homology models successfully predicted sites for sulfonate incorporation, for delineating adenosine's CNS vs peripheral actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Paoletta
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kumar TS, Yang T, Mishra S, Cronin C, Charkaborty S, Shen JB, Liang BT, Jacobson KA. 5'-Phosphate and 5'-phosphonate ester derivatives of (N)-methanocarba adenosine with in vivo cardioprotective activity. J Med Chem 2013; 56:902-14. [PMID: 23286881 PMCID: PMC3574217 DOI: 10.1021/jm301372c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Activation of a cardiac myocyte P2X4 receptor protects against heart failure. 5'-Phosphonate and 5'-phosphate analogues of AMP containing a (N)-methanocarba (bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane) system could protect from heart failure by potentially activating this cardioprotective channel. Phosphoesters and phosphonodiesters were synthesized and administered in vivo via a miniosmotic pump in a mouse ischemic heart failure model and most significantly increased intact heart contractile function (echocardiography) compared to vehicle infusion. Several new thio and deuterated phosphate derivatives were protective in a calsequestrin (CSQ) overexpressing heart failure model. Diethyl (7, MRS4084) and diisopropyl (8, MRS4074) phosphotriesters were highly protective in the ischemic model. Substitution of 2-Cl with iodo reduced protection in the CSQ model. Diisopropyl ester 16 (MRS2978) of (1'S,2'R,3'S,4'R,5'S)-4'-(6-amino-2-chloropurin-9-yl)-2',3'-(dihydroxy)-1'-(phosphonoethylene)bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane was highly efficacious (CSQ), while lower homologue 1'-phosphonomethylene derivative 14 was inactive. Thus, we identified uncharged carbocyclic nucleotide analogues that represent potential candidates for the treatment of heart failure, suggesting this as a viable and structurally broad approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T. Santhosh Kumar
- Molecular Recognition Section, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Tiehong Yang
- Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Shilpi Mishra
- Molecular Recognition Section, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Chunxia Cronin
- Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Saibal Charkaborty
- Molecular Recognition Section, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jian-Bing Shen
- Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Bruce T. Liang
- Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tosh DK, Paoletta S, Phan K, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA. Truncated Nucleosides as A(3) Adenosine Receptor Ligands: Combined 2-Arylethynyl and Bicyclohexane Substitutions. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:596-601. [PMID: 23145215 DOI: 10.1021/ml300107e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
C2-Arylethynyladenosine-5'-N-methyluronamides containing a bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane ((N)-methanocarba) ring are selective A(3) adenosine receptor (AR) agonists. Similar 4'-truncated C2-arylethynyl-(N)-methanocarba nucleosides containing alkyl or alkylaryl groups at the N(6) position were low-efficacy agonists or antagonists of the human A(3)AR with high selectivity. Higher hA(3)AR affinity was associated with N(6)-methyl and ethyl (K(i) 3-6 nM), than with N(6)-arylalkyl groups. However, combined C2-phenylethynyl and N(6)-2-phenylethyl substitutions in selective antagonist 15 provided a K(i) of 20 nM. Differences between 4'-truncated and nontruncated analogues of extended C2-p-biphenylethynyl substitution suggested a ligand reorientation in AR binding, dominated by bulky N(6) groups in analogues lacking a stabilizing 5'-uronamide moiety. Thus, 4'-truncation of C2-arylethynyl-(N)-methanocarba adenosine derivatives is compatible with general preservation of A(3)AR selectivity, especially with small N(6) groups, but reduced efficacy in A(3)AR-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K. Tosh
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810, United States
| | - Silvia Paoletta
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810, United States
| | - Khai Phan
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810, United States
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810, United States
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kumar TS, Zhou SY, Joshi BV, Balasubramanian R, Yang T, Liang BT, Jacobson KA. Structure-activity relationship of (N)-Methanocarba phosphonate analogues of 5'-AMP as cardioprotective agents acting through a cardiac P2X receptor. J Med Chem 2010; 53:2562-76. [PMID: 20192270 DOI: 10.1021/jm9018542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
P2X receptor activation protects in heart failure models. MRS2339 3, a 2-chloro-AMP derivative containing a (N)-methanocarba (bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane) system, activates this cardioprotective channel. Michaelis-Arbuzov and Wittig reactions provided phosphonate analogues of 3, expected to be stable in vivo due to the C-P bond. After chronic administration via a mini-osmotic pump (Alzet), some analogues significantly increased intact heart contractile function in calsequestrin-overexpressing mice (genetic model of heart failure) compared to vehicle-infused mice (all inactive at the vasodilatory P2Y(1) receptor). Two phosphonates, (1'S,2'R,3'S,4'R,5'S)-4'-(6-amino-2-chloropurin-9-yl)-2',3'-(dihydroxy)-1'-(phosphonomethylene)-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane, 4 (MRS2775), and its homologue 9 (MRS2935), both 5'-saturated, containing a 2-Cl substitution, improved echocardiography-derived fractional shortening (20.25% and 19.26%, respectively, versus 13.78% in controls), while unsaturated 5'-extended phosphonates, all 2-H analogues, and a CH(3)-phosphonate were inactive. Thus, chronic administration of nucleotidase-resistant phosphonates conferred a beneficial effect, likely via cardiac P2X receptor activation. Thus, we have greatly expanded the range of carbocyclic nucleotide analogues that represent potential candidates for the treatment of heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Santhosh Kumar
- Molecular Recognition Section, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tosh DK, Chinn M, Ivanov AA, Klutz AM, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA. Functionalized congeners of A3 adenosine receptor-selective nucleosides containing a bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane ring system. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7580-92. [PMID: 19499950 PMCID: PMC3109436 DOI: 10.1021/jm900426g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
(N)-Methanocarba nucleosides containing bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane replacement of the ribose ring previously demonstrated selectivity as A(3) adenosine receptor (AR) agonists (5'-uronamides) or antagonists (5'-truncated). Here, these two series were modified in parallel at the adenine C2 position. N(6)-3-Chlorobenzyl-5'-N-methyluronamides derivatives with functionalized 2-alkynyl chains of varying length terminating in a reactive carboxylate, ester, or amine group were full, potent human A(3)AR agonists. Flexibility of chain substitution allowed the conjugation with a fluorescent cyanine dye (Cy5) and biotin, resulting in binding K(i) values of 17 and 36 nM, respectively. The distal end of the chain was predicted by homology modeling to bind at the A(3)AR extracellular regions. Corresponding l-nucleosides were nearly inactive in AR binding. In the 5'-truncated nucleoside series, 2-Cl analogues were more potent at A(3)AR than 2-H and 2-F, functional efficacy in adenylate cyclase inhibition varied, and introduction of a 2-alkynyl chain greatly reduced affinity. SAR parallels between the two series lost stringency at distal positions. The most potent and selective novel compounds were amine congener 15 (K(i) = 2.1 nM) and truncated partial agonist 22 (K(i) = 4.9 nM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K. Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Moshe Chinn
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Andrei A. Ivanov
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Athena M. Klutz
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ko H, Das A, Carter RL, Fricks IP, Zhou Y, Ivanov AA, Melman A, Joshi BV, Kovác P, Hajduch J, Kirk KL, Harden TK, Jacobson KA. Molecular recognition in the P2Y(14) receptor: Probing the structurally permissive terminal sugar moiety of uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:5298-311. [PMID: 19502066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Revised: 05/05/2009] [Accepted: 05/09/2009] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The P2Y(14) receptor, a nucleotide signaling protein, is activated by uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose 1 and other uracil nucleotides. We have determined that the glucose moiety of 1 is the most structurally permissive region for designing analogues of this P2Y(14) agonist. For example, the carboxylate group of uridine-5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid proved to be suitable for flexible substitution by chain extension through an amide linkage. Functionalized congeners containing terminal 2-acylaminoethylamides prepared by this strategy retained P2Y(14) activity, and molecular modeling predicted close proximity of this chain to the second extracellular loop of the receptor. In addition, replacement of glucose with other sugars did not diminish P2Y(14) potency. For example, the [5'']ribose derivative had an EC(50) of 0.24muM. Selective monofluorination of the glucose moiety indicated a role for the 2''- and 6''-hydroxyl groups of 1 in receptor recognition. The beta-glucoside was twofold less potent than the native alpha-isomer, but methylene replacement of the 1''-oxygen abolished activity. Replacement of the ribose ring system with cyclopentyl or rigid bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane groups abolished activity. Uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose also activates the P2Y(2) receptor, but the 2-thio analogue and several of the potent modified-glucose analogues were P2Y(14)-selective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyojin Ko
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Swamy KCK, Kumar NNB, Balaraman E, Kumar KVPP. Mitsunobu and Related Reactions: Advances and Applications. Chem Rev 2009; 109:2551-651. [PMID: 19382806 DOI: 10.1021/cr800278z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 877] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Kumara Swamy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | - N. N. Bhuvan Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | - E. Balaraman
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Melman A, Zhong M, Marquez VE, Jacobson KA. Synthesis of enantiomerically pure (S)-methanocarbaribo uracil nucleoside derivatives for use as antiviral agents and P2Y receptor ligands. J Org Chem 2008; 73:8085-8. [PMID: 18811198 DOI: 10.1021/jo801224j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an approach toward enantiomerically pure (S)-methanocarba ribonucleosides based on several functional group transformations on a sensitive bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane system. D-ribose was transformed into methanocarba alcohol 3 followed by conversion of the OH group to a nitrile with inversion of configuration at C4. The nitrile group was subsequently reduced in two stages to the 5'-hydroxymethyl group. An ester group appended to a tertiary carbon (C1) was transformed to an amino group as a nucleobase precursor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artem Melman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Melman A, Wang B, Joshi BV, Gao ZG, de Castro S, Heller CL, Kim SK, Jeong LS, Jacobson KA. Selective A(3) adenosine receptor antagonists derived from nucleosides containing a bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane ring system. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:8546-56. [PMID: 18752961 PMCID: PMC2593936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2008] [Revised: 08/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared 50-modified derivatives of adenosine and a corresponding (N)-methanocarba nucleoside series containing a bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane ring system in place of the ribose moiety. The compounds were examined in binding assays at three subtypes of adenosine receptors (ARs) and in functional assays at the A3 AR. The H-bonding ability of a group of 9-riboside derivatives containing a 50-uronamide moiety was reduced by modification of the NH; however these derivatives did not display the desired activity as selective A3 AR antagonists, as occurs with 50-N,N-dimethyluronamides. However, truncated (N)-methanocarba analogues lacking a 40-hydroxymethyl group were highly potent and selective antagonists of the human A3 AR. The compounds were synthesized from D-ribose using a reductive free radical decarboxylation of a 50-carboxy intermediate. A less efficient synthetic approach began with L-ribose, which was similar to the published synthesis of (N)-methanocarba A3AR agonists. Compounds 33b-39b (N6-3-halobenzyl and related arylalkyl derivatives) were potent A3AR antagonists with binding Ki values of 0.7-1.4 nM. In a functional assay of [35S]GTPcS binding, 33b (3-iodobenzyl) completely inhibited stimulation by NECA with a KB of 8.9 nM. Thus, a highly potent and selective series of A3AR antagonists has been described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artem Melman
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Ben Wang
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Bhalchandra V. Joshi
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Sonia de Castro
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Cara L. Heller
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Soo-Kyung Kim
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
- Beckman Institute, Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Lak Shin Jeong
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120−750, Korea
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|