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Fu M, Zhu Z, Xiang Y, Yang Q, Yuan Q, Li X, Yu G. Associations of Blood and Urinary Heavy Metals with Stress Urinary Incontinence Risk Among Adults in NHANES, 2003-2018. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04264-8. [PMID: 38884860 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
People come into contact with heavy metals in various ways in their daily lives. Accumulating evidence shows that toxic metal exposure is hazardous to human health. However, limited information is available regarding the impact of metal mixtures on stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Therefore, we used data from 10,622 adults from the 2003-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to investigate the independent and comprehensive association between heavy metal co-exposure and SUI. Among them, 2455 (23.1%) had been diagnosed with SUI, while the rest had no SUI. We evaluated the independent and combined associations of 3 blood metals and 10 urinary metals with SUI risk, along with subgroup analyses according to age and gender. In the single-exposure model, blood cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), urinary Cd, Pb, and cesium (Cs) were found to be positively connected with SUI risk. Moreover, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile-based g-computation (qgcomp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) consistently demonstrated blood and urinary metal-mixed exposure were positively associated with the risk of SUI, and emphasized that blood Pb and Cd and urinary Cd and Cs were the main positive drivers, respectively. This association was more pronounced in the young and middle-aged group (20-59 years old) and the female group. Nevertheless, further research is necessary to validate these significant findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoling Fu
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Aviation Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zifan Zhu
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yechen Xiang
- Department of Urology, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Hunan University of Medicine, 370 Jinxi South Road, Huaihua, 418000, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaoyue Yang
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Aviation Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Aviation Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Aviation Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Genzhen Yu
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Di Giuseppe EC, Ferréol Bah HA, Gomes Júnior EA, dos Santos NR, Costa DO, Martinez VO, Macêdo Pires E, Araújo Santana JV, da S. Cerqueira F, Menezes-Filho JA. A Cross-Sectional Analysis Investigating Pregnant Women's Renal Function and Its Association with Lead and Cadmium Exposures-The DSAN Birth Cohort Study in Recôncavo Baiano, Brazil. TOXICS 2024; 12:261. [PMID: 38668484 PMCID: PMC11054989 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Kidney dysfunction is increasing worldwide and is exacerbated by exposure to toxic metals. Also, pregnancy poses an overload on kidney function. We investigated how blood lead (PbB) and cadmium (CdB) levels were associated with kidney function in pregnant women from Recôncavo Baiano, Brazil, during their second trimester. In this cross-sectional study, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated from serum creatinine and whole blood metal levels were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry in 136 volunteers. Sociodemographic data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires. The medians (IQR) of PbB, CdB, and eGFR were 0.85 µg/dL (0.45-1.75), 0.55 µg/L (0.08-0.91), and 121.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 (106.0-127.9), respectively. PbB medians were significantly higher in the eGFR < 90 group at 2.00 µg/dL (0.83, 3.10). After age-adjusted logistic regression, pregnant women with elevated PbB levels had decreased eGFR (OR = 1.82; 95%-CI, 1.14-3.14). However, the participants with elevated PbB levels who reported consuming alcohol during pregnancy or had CdB in the highest tertile had higher odds of reduced eGFR (OR = 2.44; 95%-CI, 1.30-5.47) and (OR = 11.22; 95% CI, 2.53-103.51), respectively. These results suggest that low Pb exposure may affect kidney function in pregnant women and calls for further investigation into toxic metal co-exposures on kidney function during pregnancy in at-risk communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erival A. Gomes Júnior
- Graduate Program in Food Science, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil;
| | - Nathália R. dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil; (N.R.d.S.); (D.O.C.); (V.O.M.)
| | - Daisy O. Costa
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil; (N.R.d.S.); (D.O.C.); (V.O.M.)
| | - Victor O. Martinez
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil; (N.R.d.S.); (D.O.C.); (V.O.M.)
| | - Elis Macêdo Pires
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil; (E.M.P.); (J.V.A.S.); (F.d.S.C.)
| | - João V. Araújo Santana
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil; (E.M.P.); (J.V.A.S.); (F.d.S.C.)
| | - Filipe da S. Cerqueira
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil; (E.M.P.); (J.V.A.S.); (F.d.S.C.)
| | - José A. Menezes-Filho
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Food Science, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil; (N.R.d.S.); (D.O.C.); (V.O.M.)
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Jan S, Mishra AK, Bhat MA, Bhat MA, Jan AT. Pollutants in aquatic system: a frontier perspective of emerging threat and strategies to solve the crisis for safe drinking water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:113242-113279. [PMID: 37864686 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Water is an indispensable natural resource and is the most vital substance for the existence of life on earth. However, due to anthropogenic activities, it is being polluted at an alarming rate which has led to serious concern about water shortage across the world. Moreover, toxic contaminants released into water bodies from various industrial and domestic activities negatively affect aquatic and terrestrial organisms and cause serious diseases such as cancer, renal problems, gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and nausea in humans. Therefore, water treatments that can eliminate toxins are very crucial. Unfortunately, pollution treatment remains a difficulty when four broad considerations are taken into account: effectiveness, reusability, environmental friendliness, and affordability. In this situation, protecting water from contamination or creating affordable remedial techniques has become a serious issue. Although traditional wastewater treatment technologies have existed since antiquity, they are both expensive and inefficient. Nowadays, advanced sustainable technical approaches are being created to replace traditional wastewater treatment processes. The present study reviews the sources, toxicity, and possible remediation techniques of the water contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Jan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, 185234, J&K, India
| | | | - Mujtaba Aamir Bhat
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, 185234, J&K, India
| | - Mudasir Ahmad Bhat
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, 185234, J&K, India
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, 185234, J&K, India.
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Mustari A, Alam M, Khatun M, Rockybul Alam M, Alam Miah M, Haque Chowdhury E. Coral fossil: A potential adsorbent of natural source for cadmium removal in broilers. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103742. [PMID: 37538949 PMCID: PMC10394008 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a pollutant that poses a health risk for humans and animals. Coral fossil (CF) acts as an adsorbent, yet limited knowledge is available on impacts of CF on Cd toxicities. The work was performed to figure out the effects of CF on hematobiochemical details and specific organs in Cd exposed broilers. The experiment was carried out with 45 broilers and were divided into three groups (15 in each). Group A was served as control. The birds in group B received Cd (75 mg /kg b. w.) orally. Whereas group C was orally supplemented with Cd (75 mg /kg b. w.) and CF (1 gm/kg b. w.). The trial was lasted for 30 days. For hematobiochemical analysis, blood samples were drawn, and sera were separated. Liver, kidney and muscle were collected to assess accumulation concentration. Brain, liver and kidney samples were also collected for histopathological study. The results showed that hematological parameters (TEC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC and DLC) were altered by Cd but restored with CF supplementation. Liver (AST, ALT and ALP) and kidney (total protein and creatinine) biomarkers were increased significantly in Cd treated broilers while decreased significantly after CF supplementation. CF reduced accumulation concentration of Cd in liver, kidney and muscle. Cd intoxicated broilers showed degenerative changes in brain, hyperplastic bile duct and proliferation of renal tubular epithelium with focal degeneration and necrosis; and these were improved after CF supplementation. Therefore, it can be concluded that CF is a potential adsorbent against Cd toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrina Mustari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mahabub Alam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Murshida Khatun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rockybul Alam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Alam Miah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Emdadul Haque Chowdhury
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh 2202, Bangladesh
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Lee G, Kim S, Lee I, Kang H, Lee JP, Lee J, Choi YW, Park J, Choi G, Choi K. Association between environmental chemical exposure and albumin-to-creatinine ratio is modified by hypertension status in women of reproductive age. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116234. [PMID: 37236389 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemicals have been identified as a potential risk factor of renal dysfunction. However, studies that consider both multiple chemicals and non-chemical risk factors, such as hypertension, are rare. In this study, we assessed the associations between exposure to several chemicals, including major metals, phthalates, and phenolic compounds, and the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR). A group of Korean adult women in reproductive age (n = 438, aged between 20 and 49 years), who had previously been studied for association of several organic chemicals, was chosen for this purpose. We constructed multivariable linear regression models for individual chemicals and weighted-quantile sum (WQS) mixtures, by hypertension status. Among the study population, approximately 8.5% of the participants exhibited micro/macro-albuminuria (ACR ≥30 mg/g), and 18.5% and 3.9% exhibited prehypertension and hypertension, respectively. Blood cadmium and lead levels showed a stronger association with ACR only among women with prehypertension or hypertension. Among organic chemicals, depending on the statistial model, benzophenone-1 (BP-1) and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) showed a significant association regardless of hypertension status, but most associations disappeared in the (pre)hypertensive group. These findings clearly indicate that hypertension status can modify and may potentiate the association of environmental chemicals with ACR. Our observations suggest that low-level environmental pollutant exposure may have potential adverse effects on kidney function among general adult women. Considering the prevalence of prehypertension in the general population, efforts to reduce exposure to cadmium and lead are necessary among adult women to minimize the risk of adverse kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowoon Lee
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmi Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chemical Analysis Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Inae Lee
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Habyeong Kang
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Wook Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongim Park
- Department of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuyeon Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Mahmood S, Tanvir EM, Komarova T, Islam MN, Khatun M, Hossain MF, Ng JC, Whitfield KM, Hossain MS, Khalil MI, Shaw PN. Relationships between growth indicators, liver and kidney function markers, and blood concentrations of essential and potentially toxic elements in environmentally exposed young children. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 253:114237. [PMID: 37544043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to multiple metals and metalloids is widespread, leading to a global concern relating to the adverse health effects of mixed-metals exposure, especially in young children living around industrial areas. This study aimed to quantify the concentrations of essential and potentially toxic elements in blood and to examine the potential associations between multiple elements exposures, growth determinants, and liver and kidney function biomarkers in children living in several industrial areas in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The blood distribution of 20 trace elements As, Ag, Bi, Br, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, I, Mn, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sb, Tl, V, U, and Zn, growth determinants such as body mass index and body fats, blood pressure, liver and kidney injury biomarkers including serum alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, serum calcium, and creatinine levels, blood urea nitrogen, and hemoglobin concentrations, and glomerular filtration rate were measured in 141 children, aged six to 16 years. Among these elements, blood concentrations of Ag, U, V, Cr, Cd, Sb, and Bi were measured below LOQs and excluded from subsequent statistical analysis. This comprehensive study revealed that blood concentrations of these elements in children, living in industrial areas, exceeded critical reference values to varying extents; elevated exposure to As, Pb, Br, Cu, and Se was found in children living in multiple industrial areas. A significant positive association between elevated blood Tl concentration and obesity (β = 0.300, p = 0.007) and an inverse relationship between lower As concentration and underweight (β = -0.351, p < 0.001) compared to healthy weight children indicate that chronic exposure to Tl and As may influence the metabolic burden and physical growth in children. Concentration-dependent positive associations were observed between the blood concentrations of Cu, Se, and Br and hepatic- and renal dysfunction biomarkers, an inverse association with blood Mo and I level, however, indicates an increased risk of Cu, Se, and Br-induced liver and kidney toxicity. Further in-depth studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the observed associations. Regular biomonitoring of elemental exposures is also indispensable to regulate pollution in consideration of the long-term health effects of mixed-elements exposure in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakil Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh; Department of Biochemistry, Gonoshasthaya Samaj Vittik Medical College, Gono Bishwabidyalay (University), Dhaka, 1344, Bangladesh
| | - E M Tanvir
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia; Institute of Food & Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Tatiana Komarova
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Queensland Public Health and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia
| | - Md Nazrul Islam
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia; Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbuba Khatun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gono Bishwabidyalay (University), Dhaka, 1344, Bangladesh
| | - Md Fuad Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gono Bishwabidyalay (University), Dhaka, 1344, Bangladesh
| | - Jack C Ng
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Karen M Whitfield
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia; Pharmacy Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Metro North Health Services District, Herston, Queensland, 4029, Australia
| | - Md Sabir Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ibrahim Khalil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - P Nicholas Shaw
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
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Dong A, Dong H, He H, Dong A, Yan J, Huo J. Effects of Cadmium on Kidney Function of the Freshwater Turtles Mauremys reevesii. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:3000-3005. [PMID: 35986187 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03397-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
This research studied the effects of cadmium on kidney function of the freshwater turtles Mauremys reevesii. Turtles were injected intraperitoneally with 0, 7.5, 15, and 30 mg kg-1 cadmium separately for once. The samples were gathered to check the kidney index, the contents of TP in kidney tissue, and the levels of CRE and BUN in the plasma of the turtles. Results showed that the concentration of TP was overall decreased with the extension of cadmium exposure time and the increasing of the exposure dose of cadmium. The CRE content in the plasma of each treatment group increased with the prolongation of exposure time in a dose-dependent, and the BUN levels of all poisoned groups showed a trend of increasing. The kidney index of treated turtles increased. In summary, cadmium could induce the increase of turtle kidney index, the content of CRE and BUN in plasma, and the decrease of TP content in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Dong
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Huidong Dong
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hui He
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ailing Dong
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Qianan, Tangshan, Hebei Province, China
| | - Juanjuan Yan
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Junfeng Huo
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
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8
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Dietary intake and health risk assessment of lead and cadmium in green tea from Morocco. J Verbrauch Lebensm 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00003-023-01422-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Rodriguez-Villamizar LA, Medina OM, Flórez-Vargas O, Vilanova E, Idrovo AJ, Araque-Rodriguez SA, Henao JA, Sánchez-Rodríguez LH. Chemical Element Mixtures and Kidney Function in Mining and Non-Mining Settings in Northern Colombia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20032321. [PMID: 36767692 PMCID: PMC9914985 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The exposure to chemical mixtures is a problem of concern in developing countries and it is well known that the kidney is the major target organ for toxic elements. This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the individual and composite mixture effect of a large number of chemical elements on kidney function in gold-mining and surrounding non-mining populations in northeast Colombia. We measured concentrations of 36 chemical elements in hair as indicators of chronic exposure from 199 adult participants. We estimated the effect of exposure to mixtures of chemical elements on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using weighted quantile sum regression (WQS). The WQS index of the mixture was associated with reduced eGFR (Coefficient -2.42; 95%CI: -4.69, -0.16) being Be, Cd, Pb, As, and Mn, the principal contributors of the toxic mixture. Mining activities and Hg concentration were not associated with decreased kidney function. Our results suggest that complex mixtures of chemical elements, mainly heavy metals, act as nephrotoxic in these populations and therefore the analysis of chemical element mixtures is a better approach to identify environmental and occupational chemical risks for kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Rodriguez-Villamizar
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
| | - Olga M. Medina
- Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 68002, Colombia
| | - Oscar Flórez-Vargas
- Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 68002, Colombia
| | - Eugenio Vilanova
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Alvaro J. Idrovo
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
| | - Santiago A. Araque-Rodriguez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Programa de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga 681003, Colombia
| | - José A. Henao
- Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680006, Colombia
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Lin PID, Cardenas A, Rifas-Shiman SL, Zota AR, Hivert MF, Aris IM, Sanders AP. Non-essential and essential trace element mixtures and kidney function in early pregnancy - A cross-sectional analysis in project viva. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114846. [PMID: 36402181 PMCID: PMC9732973 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Some trace elements are established nephrotoxicants, yet their associations with kidney function remain understudied in the context of pregnancy, a time of substantial change in kidney physiology and function. We aimed to estimate the individual and joint associations of trace element mixtures with maternal kidney function during the 1st trimester of pregnancy (mean 9.7 gestational weeks). 1040 women from Project Viva contributed blood samples which were assessed for erythrocyte non-essential [arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cesium (Cs), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb)] and essential [barium (Ba), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), and Zinc (Zn)] trace elements, and plasma creatinine for kidney function. We estimated glomerular filtration rate using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (eGFRCKD-EPI) equation without race-adjustment factors. We examined associations of eGFRCKD-EPI with individual trace elements using multivariable linear regression and their mixtures using quantile-based g-computation, adjusting for sociodemographics, pregnancy characteristics, and diet. Participants in our study were predominantly White (75%), college graduates (72%), and had household income >$70,000/year (63%). After adjusting for covariates, higher Pb (β -3.51 ml/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI -5.83, -1.18) concentrations were associated with lower eGFRCKD-EPI, while higher Mg (β 10.53 ml/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI 5.35, 15.71), Se (β 5.56 ml/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI 0.82, 10.31), and Zn (β 5.88 ml/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI 0.51, 11.26) concentrations were associated with higher eGFRCKD-EPI. In mixture analyses, higher non-essential trace elements mixture concentration was associated with reduced eGFRCKD-EPI (Ψ -1.03 ml/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI: 1.92, -0.14). Conversely, higher essential trace elements mixture concentration was associated with higher eGFR (Ψ 1.42; 95% CI: 0.48, 2.37). Exposure to trace elements in early pregnancy may influence women's kidney function although reverse causation cannot be eliminated in this cross-sectional analysis. These findings have important implications for long-term cardiovascular and postpartum kidney health that warrant additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pi-I D Lin
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Ami R Zota
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Alison P Sanders
- Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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11
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Kshirsagar AV, Zeitler EM, Weaver A, Franceschini N, Engel LS. Environmental Exposures and Kidney Disease. KIDNEY360 2022; 3:2174-2182. [PMID: 36591345 PMCID: PMC9802544 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0007962021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence underscores the large role played by the environment in the health of communities and individuals. We review the currently known contribution of environmental exposures and pollutants on kidney disease and its associated morbidity. We review air pollutants, such as particulate matter; water pollutants, such as trace elements, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and pesticides; and extreme weather events and natural disasters. We also discuss gaps in the evidence that presently relies heavily on observational studies and animal models, and propose using recently developed analytic methods to help bridge the gaps. With the expected increase in the intensity and frequency of many environmental exposures in the decades to come, an improved understanding of their potential effect on kidney disease is crucial to mitigate potential morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit V. Kshirsagar
- UNC Kidney Center and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Evan M. Zeitler
- UNC Kidney Center and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Anne Weaver
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Lawrence S. Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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12
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Yan J, Zhang H, Niu J, Luo B, Wang H, Tian M, Li X. Effects of lead and cadmium co-exposure on liver function in residents near a mining and smelting area in northwestern China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:4173-4189. [PMID: 35037141 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to environmental cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) may have adverse effects on the human health. In this study, we aimed to determine the primary and interactive effects of Cd and Pb exposure on liver function in residents near a mining and smelting area in northwestern China. A total of 451 subjects were recruited, from which blood samples were collected to determine the levels of Cd, Pb, and liver function indices. Additionally, the association between the levels of exposure markers and liver function indices was analysed. Cd and Pb levels were significantly higher in subjects living in the polluted area than in those living in the non-polluted reference area. The liver function levels of subjects in the polluted area were poor compared with those in the reference area. In addition, Cd and Pb levels in the blood were positively associated with gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels and negatively associated with direct bilirubin (DBil) levels. Cd and Pb may be risk factors for abnormal liver function. The risk of abnormal liver function was higher in subjects with moderate Cd and Pb levels, high Cd levels, high Pb levels, and high Cd and Pb levels than in those with low Cd and Pb levels. Our data show that exposure to Cd and/or Pb can cause abnormal liver function. Cd and Pb may have an antagonistic effect on liver function, and high Cd exposure alone has a more profound effect on abnormal liver function compared with co-exposure to Pb and Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglong Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingping Niu
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Tian
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Yazdani M, Distante S, Mørkrid L, Ulvik RJ, Bolann BJ. Bloodlettings in Hemochromatosis Result in Increased Blood Lead (Pb) Concentrations. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 201:3193-3201. [PMID: 36168081 PMCID: PMC10160177 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03424-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Hemochromatosis is a hereditary disorder, most often associated with mutations of the HFE (High FErrum) gene. If left untreated, it can result in severe parenchymal iron accumulation. Bloodletting is the mainstay treatment. We have previously shown that treatment of hemochromatosis by repeated bloodlettings may induce changes in the serum levels of several trace elements. The aim of this work was to evaluate if whole blood concentrations of the environmental pollutants lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) could be affected by bloodlettings. We recruited 28 patients and 21 healthy individuals (control group). Whole blood and urine levels of Pb, Hg, and Cd were measured before the start and after the completion of treatment using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, together with serum iron and liver function tests. Concentrations of blood Pb, but not Hg or Cd, were significantly increased after treatment. The increase in Pb was higher in C282Y homozygous patients than in the other patients, and it was positively correlated with the serum concentration of alkaline phosphatase. Bloodlettings in hemochromatosis result in an increase in the blood concentration of Pb. Augmented absorption due to iron loss or Pb mobilization from bone may contribute to the higher blood Pb level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazyar Yazdani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sonia Distante
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Mørkrid
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune J Ulvik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn J Bolann
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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14
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Mitigation of Cadmium Toxicity through Modulation of the Frontline Cellular Stress Response. STRESSES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/stresses2030025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant of public health significance worldwide. Diet is the main Cd exposure source in the non-occupationally exposed and non-smoking populations. Metal transporters for iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), and manganese (Mn) are involved in the assimilation and distribution of Cd to cells throughout the body. Due to an extremely slow elimination rate, most Cd is retained by cells, where it exerts toxicity through its interaction with sulfur-containing ligands, notably the thiol (-SH) functional group of cysteine, glutathione, and many Zn-dependent enzymes and transcription factors. The simultaneous induction of heme oxygenase-1 and the metal-binding protein metallothionein by Cd adversely affected the cellular redox state and caused the dysregulation of Fe, Zn, and copper. Experimental data indicate that Cd causes mitochondrial dysfunction via disrupting the metal homeostasis of this organelle. The present review focuses on the adverse metabolic outcomes of chronic exposure to low-dose Cd. Current epidemiologic data indicate that chronic exposure to Cd raises the risk of type 2 diabetes by several mechanisms, such as increased oxidative stress, inflammation, adipose tissue dysfunction, increased insulin resistance, and dysregulated cellular intermediary metabolism. The cellular stress response mechanisms involving the catabolism of heme, mediated by heme oxygenase-1 and -2 (HO-1 and HO-2), may mitigate the cytotoxicity of Cd. The products of their physiologic heme degradation, bilirubin and carbon monoxide, have antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.
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15
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Alshehri AS, El-Kott AF, El-Kenawy AE, Zaki MSA, Morsy K, Ghanem RA, Salem ET, Ebealy ER, Khalifa HS, Altyar AE, AlGwaiz HIM, Ibrahim EH, Mahmoud MS, Dallak MA, Abd-Ella EM. The ameliorative effect of kaempferol against CdCl 2- mediated renal damage entails activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-kB. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57591-57602. [PMID: 35355181 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the nephroprotective effect of kaempferol against cadmium chloride (CdCl2) -induced nephropathy in rats. It also investigated if activation of Nrf2 is a common mechanism of action. Adult male rats ((150 ± 15 g) were divided into 4 groups (n = 8/each) as a control (1% DMSO, orally), control + kaempferol (200 mg/kg, orally), CdCl2 (50 mg/l in drinking water), and CdCl2 + kaempferol (200 mg/kg)-treated rats. All treatments were conducted for 8 weeks. Kaempferol significantly attenuated CdCl2-induced weight loss, reduction in kidney weights, and the injury in the glomeruli, proximal tubules, and distal tubules in the treated rats. It also significantly lowered serum levels of urea and creatinine, increased urine output and urinary creatinine levels and clearance but reduced urinary levels of albumin urinary albumin exertion (UAER), and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) in these rats. In parallel, kaempferol downregulated renal levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax and unregulated those of Bcl2. In the kidney tissues of the control animals and CdCl2 rats, kaempferol significantly attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation and significantly boosted levels of manganese superoxide dismutase and glutathione. Also, and in both groups, kaempferol suppressed the nuclear levels of NF-κB p65, downregulated Keap1, and stimulated the nuclear activation and protein levels of Nrf2. In conclusion, kaempferol is a potential therapeutic drug to prevent CdCl2-induced nephropathy due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects mediated by suppressing NF- NF-κB p65 and transactivating Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Alshehri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
| | - Ayman E El-Kenawy
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Samir A Zaki
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 31527, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Kareem Morsy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham A Ghanem
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Eman T Salem
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
| | - Eman R Ebealy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba S Khalifa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussah I M AlGwaiz
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 11474, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam H Ibrahim
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Blood Products Quality Control and Research Department, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, 12611, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Mahmoud
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A Dallak
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman M Abd-Ella
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Art, Al-Baha University, Al-Mandaq, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Huang Z. Association Between Blood Lead Level With High Blood Pressure in US (NHANES 1999–2018). Front Public Health 2022; 10:836357. [PMID: 35548077 PMCID: PMC9081331 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.836357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lead is a toxic metal for human health, but the effect on blood pressure (BP) is still controversial. The object of this study was to demonstrate the association between blood lead levels with BP and hypertension (HTN). Methods We used the database from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 1999–2018) to perform a cross-sectional study. We performed multivariate regressions to examine the association between blood lead level with HTN and BP, and then a subgroup analysis was performed. Results A total of 32,289 participants were included in this study, but no significant difference was found between blood lead levels and HTN. However, the association between blood lead levels with systolic and diastolic pressure became positive. In the subgroup analysis stratified by race, the association between non-Hispanic white and black people still existed. Conclusion The association between blood lead levels with HTN was not significant, but it was positively associated with BP. Besides, the association between non-Hispanic white and black people was also significant.
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17
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Altinok-Yipel F, Yipel M, Altuğ N, Özdemir N. Blood concentrations of potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) and correlation with biochemical and hematological parameters in dogs from thrace region, Turkey. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133649. [PMID: 35063565 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) leads to health problems in animals as well as in humans. Dogs can be used as bioindicators for health status of both environment, animals and humans. The study material consisted of a total of 140 dogs from Thrace region in Turkey. Essential (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Zn) and non-essential (As, Cd, Hg, Ni, Pb) PTEs concentrations of blood samples were determined by ICP-MS. In addition, hemogram (RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, HCT, WBC, HGB, PLT) and biochemical parameters (Glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, total bilirubin, triglyceride, cholesterol, BUN, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT) levels were determined. The possible correlations between PTEs and blood parameters were investigated. The results were compared according to gender, age (<2, 2-5, >5 years), sampled location with hemogram and biochemistry data. Essential element concentrations (ppb) were sorted as Zn > Fe > Cu > Cr > Co, and non-essentials were As > Ni > Pb > Hg > Cd. There were statistically important negative or positive correlations between elements and hematological (except Fe and Cd), and biochemical parameters (except Ni) (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). It was determined that Pb concentrations (9.34-23.30 ng ml-1) were below the concentrations considered to be toxic in all locations, Cu concentrations (475.35-521.98 ng ml-1) were within the normal reference range, Zn (3229.65-4.265.00 ng ml-1) were higher than the reference values in all locations. Since the concentrations of elements and correlations between hematological, biochemical parameters as well as gender, age, and location in an area with heavy urban and industrial activity; indicate that the situation may be similar for other living things in the region, it constitutes a starting point for studies to be carried out in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Altinok-Yipel
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Samandağ Vocational School, Department of Veterinary Science, Hatay, 31060, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Yipel
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 31060, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Nuri Altuğ
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 59030, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Nurullah Özdemir
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 59030, Tekirdağ, Turkey
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18
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Maurice L, Barraza F, Blondet I, Ho-A-Chuck M, Tablon J, Brousse P, Demar M, Schreck E. Childhood lead exposure of Amerindian communities in French Guiana: an isotopic approach to tracing sources. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:4741-4757. [PMID: 33974199 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00944-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In French Guiana were detected high lead (Pb) levels in blood of Amerindian people. Lead exposure is a serious hazard that can affect the cognitive and behavior development. People can be exposed to Pb through occupational and environmental sources. Fingerprinting based on stable Pb isotopes in environmental media is often used to trace natural and anthropogenic sources but is rarely paired with blood data. The objective of this study was to determine the main factors associated with high Blood Lead Levels (BLL). Soil, manioc tubers, food bowls, beverages, wild games, lead pellets and children blood were sampled in small villages along the Oyapock River. children BLL ranged between 5.7 and 35 µg dL-1, all exceeding 5 µg dL-1, the reference value proposed in epidemiologic studies for lead poisoning. Among the different dietary sources, manioc tubers and large game contained elevated Pb concentrations while manioc-based dishes were diluted. The isotopes ratios (207Pb/206Pb and 208Pb/206Pb) of children blood overlapped these of lead shots and meals. These first results confirm for the first time, the diary consumption of manioc-based food as the main contributor to Amerindian children's BLL in French Guiana, but don't exclude the occasional exposure to lead bullets by hunting activities. This is a specific health concern, since previous studies have shown that these same villagers present high levels of mercury (Hg). These communities are indeed subject to a double exposure to neurotoxic metals, Hg and Pb, both through their diet. The farming activity is based on manioc growing, and explaining that this ancestral practice can induce serious health risks for the child's development may seriously affect their food balance and cultural cohesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Maurice
- Geosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31400, Toulouse, IRD, France.
- Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Área de Salud, P.O. Box 17-12-569, N22-80, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Fiorella Barraza
- Geosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31400, Toulouse, IRD, France
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H1, Canada
- Instituto de Cultivos Tropicales (ICT), Tarapoto, Peru
| | - Isalyne Blondet
- Geosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31400, Toulouse, IRD, France
| | | | - Jessy Tablon
- Agence Régionale de Santé (ARS), 97336, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Paul Brousse
- Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon (CHAR), Av. des Flamboyants, 97306, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon (CHAR), Av. des Flamboyants, 97306, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Eva Schreck
- Geosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31400, Toulouse, IRD, France
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The Aging Kidney-As Influenced by Heavy Metal Exposure and Selenium Supplementation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081078. [PMID: 34439746 PMCID: PMC8391790 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging process in the kidneys has been well studied. It is known that the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) declines with age in subjects older than 50–60 years. However, there is still insufficient knowledge regarding the response of the aged kidney to environmental toxicants such as mercury, cadmium, and lead. Here, we present a review on the functional decline and proposed mechanisms in the aging kidney as influenced by metal pollutants. Due to the prevalence of these toxicants in the environment, human exposure is nearly unavoidable. Further, it is well known that acute and chronic exposures to toxic metals may be detrimental to kidneys of normal adults, thus it may be hypothesized that exposure of individuals with reduced GFR will result in additional reductions in renal function. Individuals with compromised renal function, either from aging or from a combination of aging and disease, may be particularly susceptible to environmental toxicants. The available data appear to show an association between exposure to mercury, cadmium and/or lead and an increase in incidence and severity of renal disease in elderly individuals. Furthermore, some physiological thiols, as well as adequate selenium status, appear to exert a protective action. Further studies providing improved insight into the mechanisms by which nephrotoxic metals are handled by aging kidneys, as well as possibilities of therapeutic protection, are of utmost importance.
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Alshammari GM, Al-Qahtani WH, AlFaris NA, Albekairi NA, Alqahtani S, Eid R, Yagoub AEA, Al-Harbi LN, Yahya MA. Quercetin alleviates cadmium chloride-induced renal damage in rats by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress through SIRT1-dependent deacetylation of Xbp-1s and eIF2α. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111862. [PMID: 34246189 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a key role in cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-induced nephrotoxicity. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is a potent inhibitor of ER stress. In this study, we examined whether the protective effect of quercetin (QUR) against CdCl2-induced nephrotoxicity in rats involved modulation of SIRT1 and/or ER stress. Adult male rats were divided into five groups (n = 8, each) and treated for eight weeks as follows: control, control + QUR, CdCl2, CdCl2 + QUR, and CdCl2 + QUR + EX-527 (a SIRT1 inhibitor). Treatment of rats with QUR preserved the glomerulus and tubule structure, attenuated interstitial fibrosis, increased creatinine excretion, and reduced urinary levels of albumin, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, and β2-microglobulin in CdCl2-treated rats. Concomitantly, QUR increased renal levels of Bcl-2, reduced mRNA levels of CHOP, and protein levels of Bax, caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3, but failed to reduce the mRNA levels of GRP78, PERK, eIf2α, ATF-6, and xbp-1. QUR also reduced the renal levels of reactive oxygen species, tumour necrosis factor, and interleukin-6 and the nuclear activity of NF-κB in the control and CdCl2-treated rats but increased the nuclear activity of Nrf2 and levels of glutathione and manganese superoxide dismutase. Additionally, QUR increased the total levels and nuclear activity of SIRT1 and reduced the acetylation of eIf2α and xbp-1. The nephroprotective effects of QUR were abrogated by treatment with EX-527. Thus, QUR ameliorated CdCl2-induced nephrotoxicity through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and suppressed ER stress mediated by the upregulation or activation of SIRT1-induced deacetylation of Nrf2, NF-κB p65, eIF2α, and xbp-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wahidah H Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A AlFaris
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alqahtani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Refaat Eid
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abu ElGasim A Yagoub
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Naif Al-Harbi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Khoshnamvand N, Azizi N, Hassanvand MS, Shamsipour M, Naddafi K, Oskoei V. Blood lead level monitoring related to environmental exposure in the general Iranian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-14148-2. [PMID: 33948843 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to lead can cause adverse health problems incorporating hypophosphatemia, heart and liver disease, cancers, neurological and cardiovascular diseases, central nervous disorders, and sensory disorders. This study investigated the blood lead level in the general Iranian population with environmental exposure to lead. In the presented systematic review and meta-analysis, the authors searched Iranian dataset, including Magiran, SID, Iranmedex, and Nopa, and the main dataset, comprising PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science, all available articles until 12 January 2019, and extracting 55 studies (with 63 data for analysis) to a meta-analysis. A comprehensive meta-analysis software, pooled standard deviation, mean, sample size, and the utterly random effects model was analyzed in this study. The results showed that the overall mean BLL (95% CI) in total inquiries was 6.41 μg/dL (5.96 to 6.87). Besides, the results for gender and age subgroups were as follows: mean BLL, 6.47 μg/dL, 95% CI, 5.79, to 7.15, mean BLL, 6.44 μg/dL, 95% CI, 5.96, to 6.91, respectively. Conclusively the mean BLL in the Iranian population was higher than the recommended level by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Results indicated that the mean BLL in men and adults was more elevated than in women and children, respectively. Therefore, BLL monitoring and screening of the general Iranian population are is necessary to determine a reference value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Khoshnamvand
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Azizi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand
- Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Shamsipour
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Naddafi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vahide Oskoei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Harmon QE, Kissell K, Jukic AMZ, Kim K, Sjaarda L, Perkins NJ, Umbach DM, Schisterman EF, Baird DD, Mumford SL. Vitamin D and Reproductive Hormones Across the Menstrual Cycle. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:413-423. [PMID: 32068843 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How do the calciotropic hormones (25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH)) vary across the menstrual cycle and do cyclic patterns of reproductive hormones (estradiol, progesterone, LH, FSH) differ by vitamin D status? SUMMARY ANSWER Calciotropic hormones vary minimally across the menstrual cycle; however, women with 25-hydroxyvitamin D below 30 ng/ml have lower mean estradiol across the menstrual cycle. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Prior human studies suggest that vitamin D status is associated with fecundability, but the mechanism is unknown. Exogenous estrogens and prolonged changes in endogenous estradiol (pregnancy or menopause) influence concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. In vitro, treatment with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D increases steroidogenesis in ovarian granulosa cells. There are little data about changes in calciotropic hormones across the menstrual cycle or cyclic patterns of reproductive hormones by categories of vitamin D status. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A prospective cohort study of 89 self-identified white women aged 18-44, across two menstrual cycles. Participants were a subset of the BioCycle Study, a community-based study conducted at the University of Buffalo, 2005-2007. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Eligible participants had self-reported regular menstrual cycles between 21 and 35 days and were not using hormonal contraception or vitamins. Early morning fasting blood samples were drawn at up to eight study visits per cycle. Visits were timed to capture information in all cycle phases. Serum samples for 89 women (N = 163 menstrual cycles) were analyzed for estradiol, progesterone, LH, FSH and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). Variability in calciotropic hormones within and across menstrual cycles was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients and non-linear mixed models. Given the relative stability of the calciotropic hormones across the menstrual cycle, non-linear mixed models were used to examine differences in the cyclic patterns of estradiol, progesterone, LH and FSH by categories of each calciotropic hormone (split at the median). These models were conducted for all ovulatory cycles (N = 142 ovulatory menstrual cycles) and were adjusted for age, BMI (measured in clinic) and self-reported physical activity. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Median 25(OH)D concentration was 29.5 ng/ml (SD 8.4), and only 6% of women had vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml). The mean concentration of 25(OH)D did not differ between the luteal and follicular phase; however, both 1,25(OH)2D and iPTH showed small fluctuations across the menstrual cycle with the highest 1,25(OH)2D (and lowest iPTH) in the luteal phase. Compared with women who had mean 25(OH)D ≥30 ng/ml, women with lower 25(OH)D had 13.8% lower mean estradiol (95% confidence interval: -22.0, -4.7) and 10.8% lower free estradiol (95% CI: -0.07, -0.004). Additionally, compared to women with iPTH ≤36 pg/ml, women with higher concentrations of iPTH had 12.7% lower mean estradiol (95% CI: -18.7, -6.3) and 7.3% lower progesterone (95% CI: -13.3, -0.9). No differences in the cyclic pattern of any of the reproductive hormones were observed comparing cycles with higher and lower 1,25(OH)2D. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Women included in this study had self-reported 'regular' menstrual cycles and very few were found to have 25(OH)D deficiency. This limits our ability to examine cycle characteristics, anovulation and the effects of concentrations of the calciotropic hormones found in deficient individuals. Additionally, the results may not be generalizable to women with irregular cycles, other races, or populations with a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These findings support current clinical practice that does not time testing for vitamin D deficiency to the menstrual cycle phase. We find that women with lower vitamin D status (lower 25(OH)D or higher iPTH) have lower mean concentrations of estradiol across the menstrual cycle. Although this study cannot identify a mechanism of action, further in vitro work or clinical trials may help elucidate the biologic mechanisms linking calciotropic and reproductive hormones. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the Intramural Research Programs of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (contract numbers: HHSN275200403394C, HHSN275201100002I and Task 1 HHSN27500001) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. There are no competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q E Harmon
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - K Kissell
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, National Institute of Child Health and Development, Rockville, MD 20847, USA
| | - A M Z Jukic
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - K Kim
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, National Institute of Child Health and Development, Rockville, MD 20847, USA
| | - L Sjaarda
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, National Institute of Child Health and Development, Rockville, MD 20847, USA
| | - N J Perkins
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, National Institute of Child Health and Development, Rockville, MD 20847, USA
| | - D M Umbach
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - E F Schisterman
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, National Institute of Child Health and Development, Rockville, MD 20847, USA
| | - D D Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - S L Mumford
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, National Institute of Child Health and Development, Rockville, MD 20847, USA
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23
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Soil Lead (Pb) in New Orleans: A Spatiotemporal and Racial Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031314. [PMID: 33535687 PMCID: PMC7908533 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Spatialized racial injustices drive morbidity and mortality inequalities. While many factors contribute to environmental injustices, Pb is particularly insidious, and is associated with cardio-vascular, kidney, and immune dysfunctions and is a leading cause of premature death worldwide. Here, we present a revised analysis from the New Orleans dataset of soil lead (SPb) and children’s blood Pb (BPb), which was systematically assembled for 2000–2005 and 2011–2016. We show the spatial–temporal inequities in SPb, children’s BPb, racial composition, and household income in New Orleans. Comparing medians for the inner city with outlying areas, soil Pb is 7.5 or 9.3 times greater, children’s blood Pb is ~2 times higher, and household income is lower. Between 2000–2005 and 2011–2016, a BPb decline occurred. Long-standing environmental and socioeconomic Pb exposure injustices have positioned Black populations at extreme risk of adverse health consequences. Given the overlapping health outcomes of Pb exposure with co-morbidities for conditions such as COVID-19, we suggest that further investigation be conducted on Pb exposure and pandemic-related mortality rates, particularly among Black populations. Mapping and remediating invisible environmental Pb provides a path forward for preventing future populations from developing a myriad of Pb-related health issues.
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A Comparison of the Nephrotoxicity of Low Doses of Cadmium and Lead. TOXICS 2020; 8:toxics8010018. [PMID: 32131418 PMCID: PMC7151741 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to moderate-to-high levels of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) is associated with nephrotoxicity. In comparison, the health impacts of chronic low-level exposure to Cd and Pb remain controversial. The aim of this study was to therefore evaluate kidney dysfunction associated with chronic low-level exposure to Cd and Pb in a population of residents in Bangkok, Thailand. The mean age and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for 392 participants (195 men and 197 women) were 34.9 years and 104 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively, while the geometric mean concentrations of urinary Cd and Pb were 0.25 μg/L (0.45 μg/g of creatinine) and 0.89 μg/L (1.52 μg/g of creatinine), respectively. In a multivariable regression analysis, the eGFR varied inversely with blood urea nitrogen in both men (β = −0.125, p = 0.044) and women (β = −0.170, p = 0.008), while inverse associations of the eGFR with urinary Cd (β = −0.132, p = 0.043) and urinary Pb (β = −0.130, p = 0.044) were seen only in women. An increased urinary level of Cd to the median level of 0.38 μg/L (0.44 μg/g of creatinine) was associated with a decrease in the eGFR by 4.94 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p = 0.011). The prevalence odds of a reduced eGFR rose 2.5-, 2.9- and 2.3-fold in the urinary Cd quartile 3 (p = 0.013), the urinary Cd quartile 4 (p = 0.008), and the urinary Pb quartile 4 (p = 0.039), respectively. This study suggests that chronic exposure to low-level Cd is associated with a decline in kidney function and that women may be more susceptible than men to nephrotoxicity due to an elevated intake of Cd and Pb.
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25
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Dolan LC, Flannery BM, Hoffman-Pennesi D, Gavelek A, Jones OE, Kanwal R, Wolpert B, Gensheimer K, Dennis S, Fitzpatrick S. A review of the evidence to support interim reference level for dietary lead exposure in adults. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 111:104579. [PMID: 31945454 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
FDA developed the interim reference level (IRL) for lead of 3 μg/day in children and 12.5 μg/day in women of childbearing age (WOCBA) to better protect the fetus from lead toxicity. These IRLs correspond to a blood lead level (BLL) of 0.5 μg/dL in both populations. The current investigation was performed to determine if the IRL for WOCBA should apply to the general population of adults. A literature review of epidemiological studies was conducted to determine whether a BLL of 0.5 μg/dL is associated with adverse effects in adults. Some studies reported adverse effects over a wide range of BLLs that included 0.5 μg/dL adding uncertainty to conclusions about effects at 0.5 μg/dL; however, no studies clearly identified this BLL as an adverse effect level. Results also showed that the previously developed PTTDI for adults of 75 μg/day lead may not be health protective, supporting use of a lower reference value for lead toxicity in this population group. Use of the 12.5 μg/day IRL as a benchmark for dietary lead intake is one way FDA will ensure that dietary lead intake in adults is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie C Dolan
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Brenna M Flannery
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Dana Hoffman-Pennesi
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Alexandra Gavelek
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Olivia E Jones
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Richard Kanwal
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Beverly Wolpert
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen Gensheimer
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Sherri Dennis
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Suzanne Fitzpatrick
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
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26
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Sun Y, Zhou Q, Zheng J. Nephrotoxic metals of cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic and the odds of kidney stones in adults: An exposure-response analysis of NHANES 2007-2016. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 132:105115. [PMID: 31473411 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephrotoxic metals of arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury exposures are common environmental pollutants. The associations between arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury exposures and the risk of kidney stones are unclear. OBJECTIVE To explore the associations between biomarkers of arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury exposures and the odds of kidney stones. METHODS Adult participants (≥20 years) from the 2007-2016 NHANES were included. Restricted cubic splines were adopted. RESULTS The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of kidney stones increased with increasing blood cadmium and reached the maximum at 1.00 μg/L [1.38 (1.02-1.88) overall, 1.62 (1.11-2.32) for women and 1.53 (1.06-2.22) for non-Hispanic white]. The odds of kidney stones increased with increasing urinary cadmium and reached the maximum at 1.50 μg/L [2.56 (1.17-5.59) overall, 5.57 (1.88-16.49) for women, 4.31 (1.75-10.63) for obese individuals and 3.75 (1.60-8.78) for non-Hispanic white]. The odds of kidney stones increased with increasing total urinary arsenic and urinary dimethylarsinic acid in women, and reached the maximum of 1.69 (1.08-2.67) at 40 μg/L and 1.71 (1.07-2.72) at 10.00 μg/L, respectively. Inverse associations were found between the odds of kidney stones and blood lead within 5.00 μg/dL [0.64 (0.46-0.90) overall, 0.53 (0.33-0.84) for men and 0.58 (0.37-0.92) for non-Hispanic white], methyl mercury within 3.00 μg/L [non-obese individuals: 0.71 (0.51-0.99)] and urinary arsenous acid within 1.20 μg/L [individuals other than non-Hispanic white: 0.63 (0.41-0.95)]. No association was found with other biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Several biomarkers of arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury exposures were associated with the odds of kidney stones in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofei Sun
- Department of Urology, Weifang People's Hospital, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Weifang People's Hospital, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Rd, Shanghai 200040, China.
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Lee JW, Moen EL, Punshon T, Hoen AG, Stewart D, Li H, Karagas MR, Gui J. An Integrated Gaussian Graphical Model to evaluate the impact of exposures on metabolic networks. Comput Biol Med 2019; 114:103417. [PMID: 31521894 PMCID: PMC6817396 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.103417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Examining the effects of exogenous exposures on complex metabolic processes poses the unique challenge of identifying interactions among a large number of metabolites. Recent progress in the quantification of the metabolome through mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has given rise to high-dimensional biomedical data of specific metabolites that can be leveraged to study their effects in humans. These metabolic interactions can be evaluated using probabilistic graphical models (PGMs), which define conditional dependence and independence between components within and between heterogeneous biomedical datasets. This method allows for the detection and recovery of valuable but latent information that cannot be easily detected by other currently existing methods. Here, we develop a PGM method, referred to as an "Integrated Gaussian Graphical Model (IGGM)", to incorporate exposure concentrations of seven trace elements-arsenic (As), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se) and copper (Cu-into metabolic networks. We first conducted a simulation study demonstrating that the integration of trace elements into metabolomics data can improve the accuracy of detecting latent interactions of metabolites impacted by exposure in the network. We tested parameters such as sample size and the number of neighboring metabolites of a chosen trace element for their impact on the accuracy of detecting metabolite interactions. We then applied this method to measurements of cord blood plasma metabolites and placental trace elements collected from newborns in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS). We found that our approach can identify latent interactions among metabolites that are related to trace element concentrations. Application to similarly structured data may contribute to our understanding of the complex interplay between exposure-related metabolic interactions that are important for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Woo Lee
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Erika L Moen
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Tracy Punshon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Anne G Hoen
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Delisha Stewart
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadephia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jiang Gui
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA.
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28
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Nakhaee S, Amirabadizadeh A, Zarban A, Nasirizade M, Salmani Mood M, Ataei H, Shariatmadari MR, Brent J, Mehrpour O. The reference value of blood lead level among the general adult population of eastern Iran. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2019; 54:1287-1292. [PMID: 31328627 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1640580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study to the estimate the lead concentrations in the blood of the adult population in South Khorasan Province, evaluate factors related to high lead blood concentrations and establish lead reference values (RVs) in our study population. In cross-sectional study, 400 people who lived in the province of South Khorasan in 2017 were selected. Demographic information was collected and clinical examinations were performed. As the geometric means, blood lead concentration (BLC) was expressed, 10th, 50th, 90th, and 95th percentiles, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the 95th percentile. The upper limits rounded values of the 95% CI with the 95th percentile were applied to calculate RVs. Mean BLC was 6.02 ± 7.41 µg dL-1, median of BLC was 4.4 µg dL-1 (IQR: 2.9-6.5; range 0.9-54.7 µg dL-1). One hundred and twenty-five (31.2%) participants had BLCs between 5 and 10.0 µg dL-1, 40 (10.0%) between 10 and 20.0 µg dL-1, and 15 (3.8%%) over 20 µg dL-1. The RVs for BLC for men and women were 16 [95% CI: 10.13-15.96] µg dL-1 and 15 [95% CI: 9.81-14.45] µg dL-1, respectively. Higher BLCs were significantly associated with age, gender, hemoglobin, white blood cell count, and serum phosphorus concentration. This bio-monitoring study of BLCs in the general population of South Khorasan Province offers important demographic and lifestyle factors-stratified reference data. It is essential to continue efforts to reduce lead exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences , Birjand , Iran
| | - Alireza Amirabadizadeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences , Birjand , Iran
| | - Asghar Zarban
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences , Birjand , Iran
| | - Manizhe Nasirizade
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences , Birjand , Iran
| | - Maryam Salmani Mood
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences , Birjand , Iran
| | - Homeira Ataei
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences , Birjand , Iran
| | | | - Jeffery Brent
- School of medicine, University of Colorado , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - Omid Mehrpour
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences , Birjand , Iran
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Safety (RMPDS) , Denver , CO , USA
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29
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Moody EC, Coca SG, Sanders AP. Toxic Metals and Chronic Kidney Disease: a Systematic Review of Recent Literature. Curr Environ Health Rep 2019; 5:453-463. [PMID: 30338443 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-018-0212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) are ubiquitous toxicants with evidence of adverse kidney impacts at high exposure levels. There is less evidence whether environmental exposure to As, Cd, or Pb plays a role in development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We conducted a systematic review to summarize the recent epidemiologic literature examining the relationship between As, Cd, or Pb with CKD. RECENT FINDINGS We included peer-reviewed studies published in English between January 2013 and April 2018 for As and Cd, and all dates prior to April 2018 for Pb. We imposed temporality requirements for both the definition of CKD (as per NKF-KDOQI guidelines) and environmental exposures prior to disease diagnosis. Our assessment included cohort, case-control or cross-sectional study designs that satisfied 5 inclusion criteria. We included a total of eight articles of which three, two, and four studies examined the effects of As, Cd, or Pb, respectively. Studies of As exposure consistently reported positive association with CKD incidence; studies of Pb exposure were mixed. We found little evidence of association between Cd exposure and CKD. Additional well-designed prospective cohort studies are needed and we present recommendations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Moody
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven G Coca
- Department of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison P Sanders
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Departments of Pediatrics & Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1057, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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30
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Diamond GL, Thayer WC, Brown JS, Burgess M, Follansbee MH, Gaines LGT, Klotzbach JM. Estimates of urinary blood lead clearance and its relationship to glomerular filtration rate based on a large population survey. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:379-382. [PMID: 30983525 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1603280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Blood lead (Pb) clearance (CbPb) and serum creatinine clearance (CsCr), a metric of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), were estimated in approximately 7,600 subjects from the NHANES (2009-2016). Median CbPb in adults was 0.04 L/day (5th-95th percentile range: 0.01-0.12). Linear regression models explained approximately 68% of variance in CbPb in adults, with >98% of explained variance attributed to CsCr. These results provide an improved quantitative understanding of the possible effects of reverse causality in the interpretation of studies of associations between blood Pb and decrements in GFR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James S Brown
- b National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - Michele Burgess
- c Science Policy Branch, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation, Office of Land and Emergency Management, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Arlington , VA , USA
| | | | - Linda G T Gaines
- c Science Policy Branch, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation, Office of Land and Emergency Management, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Arlington , VA , USA
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31
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Nakhaee S, Amirabadizadeh A, Brent J, Mehrpour O. Impact of chronic lead exposure on liver and kidney function and haematologic parameters. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 124:621-628. [PMID: 30471187 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead, one of the most widely used metals because of its beneficial physical properties, has been reported to adversely influence several different organs and organ systems. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of lead exposure on liver and renal function and haematologic parameters. METHODS This was a case-cohort study comparing adults with occupational, environmental or opium-related lead exposure with blood lead levels [BLL] >10 μg/dL (High blood lead level (HBLL) group and age- and gender-matched normal healthy individuals (Low blood lead level [LBLL] group with BLL <10 μg/dL). The complete blood count and concentrations of serum creatinine, urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were recorded for subsequent investigation. RESULTS The mean BLL was significantly higher in the HBLL than in the LBLL groups (51.36 ± 44.72 vs 4.17 ± 1.97 µg/dL). The Spearman's rho revealed a significant association between BLL and urea (r = 0.25, P < 0.001), creatinine (r = 0.16, P = 0.02), AST (r = 0.42, P < 0.001) and ALT (r = 0.27, P < 0.001). The median [IQR] serum urea (34 mg/dL [27-221]) vs (30 [27-36]), creatinine (0.9 mg/dL [0.8-1]) vs (0.8 [0.7-0.9]), ALT (25 mg/dL [16-49]) vs (22 [16-30]) and AST concentrations (29 mg/dL [20-42]) vs (20 [18-24]) were all significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the HBLL group compared to the LBLL group. The median [IQR] haemoglobin (12.6 g/dL [10.4-15.4]) vs (15.2 [14.6-16.3] and haematocrit (36.9% [31-44.8]) vs (45.6 [43.6-48.2]) were both significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the HBLL group than in the LBLL group. CONCLUSION The results indicated that people with chronic lead exposure with BLLs greater than 10 μg/dL are at risk of renal, liver and haematologic impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Alireza Amirabadizadeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Jeffery Brent
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Omid Mehrpour
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center, Denver, Colorado
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Satarug S, Nishijo M, Ujjin P, Moore MR. Chronic exposure to low-level cadmium induced zinc-copper dysregulation. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 46:32-38. [PMID: 29413108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Exposure to cadmium (Cd) has been associated with aberrant zinc and copper homeostasis. This study investigated if Cd exposure impairs renal reabsorption of metals. METHODS Renal tubular reabsorption of metals were calculated from urine to serum metal ratios and analyzed for an independent association with Cd exposure levels, using data from 100 men and 100 women, aged 16-60 years. RESULTS The smoking prevalence was 30% in men and 0% in women. The male and female means (SD) for urine Cd were 0.54 (0.43) and 0.62 (0.43) μg/g creatinine. The mean (SD) for fractional zinc reabsorption was 77.2 (23) % in men and 87.7 (13.3) % in women, while the copper reabsorption was 100% in both men and women. Lower zinc reabsorption levels were associated with higher Cd exposure (P<0.001), higher serum copper to zinc ratios (P=0.007) and higher tubular impairment levels (P=0.024). Reduced zinc reabsorption was particularly severe in smokers as those with high Cd exposure had 44.9% and 37.2% (P<0.001) lower zinc reabsorption than those with low and moderate exposures. The mean zinc reabsorption in male non-smokers with high Cd exposure was 25.8% (P<0.001) and 18.2% (P=0.003) lower than those with low and moderate exposures, while the corresponding figure for female non-smokers was 17% (P<0.001), and 12.8% (P=0.013), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report demonstrating Cd-dose dependent reduction in renal zinc reabsorption and high serum copper to zinc ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; UQ Diamantina Institute and Centre for Health Services Research, Centre for Kidney Disease Research and Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Muneko Nishijo
- Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Pailin Ujjin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Michael R Moore
- National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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da Cunha Martins A, Carneiro MFH, Grotto D, Adeyemi JA, Barbosa F. Arsenic, cadmium, and mercury-induced hypertension: mechanisms and epidemiological findings. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2018; 21:61-82. [PMID: 29446707 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2018.1432025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) are toxic elements widely distributed in the environment. Exposure to these elements was attributed to produce several acute and chronic illnesses including hypertension. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the most frequently proposed mechanisms underlying hypertension associated with As, Cd, and Hg exposure including: oxidative stress, impaired nitric oxide (NO) signaling, modified vascular response to neurotransmitters and disturbed vascular muscle Ca2+ signaling, renal damage, and interference with the renin-angiotensin system. Due to the complexity of the vascular system, a combination rather than a singular mechanism needs to be considered. In addition, epidemiological findings showing the relationship between various biomarkers of metal exposure and hypertension are described. Given the complex etiology of hypertension, further epidemiological studies evaluating the roles of confounding factors such as age, gender, and life style are still necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton da Cunha Martins
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Hornos Carneiro
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Denise Grotto
- b Laboratório de Pesquisa em Toxicologia , Universidade de Sorocaba , Sorocaba-SP , Brazil
| | - Joseph A Adeyemi
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
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Mitra P, Sharma S, Purohit P, Sharma P. Clinical and molecular aspects of lead toxicity: An update. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2017; 54:506-528. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2017.1408562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mitra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Shailja Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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Al-Saleh I, Al-Rouqi R, Elkhatib R, Abduljabbar M, Al-Rajudi T. Risk assessment of environmental exposure to heavy metals in mothers and their respective infants. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2017; 220:1252-1278. [PMID: 28869188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals can cause renal injury, which has been well documented in occupational exposure. Studies of low exposure in the general population, however, are still scarce, particularly for vulnerable populations such as mothers and young children. This study evaluated exposure to heavy metals, and biomarkers of renal function and oxidative stress in 944 lactating mothers and their infants and investigated the role of the interaction between heavy metals and oxidative stress in altering renal function. Mother and infant urine samples were analyzed to measure mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) concentrations for determining body-burden exposure; N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG), α1-microglobulin (α1-MG), albumin (ALB), and creatinine (Cr) concentrations for determining early renal injury; and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations for determining oxidative stress. The median concentrclearlyations in mothers presented as μg/g Cr (infants as μg/l) for Hg, Cd, and Pb were 0.695 (0.716), 0.322 (0.343), and 3.97 (5.306) respectively. The mothers and their infants had clearly been exposed to heavy metals and had levels higher than the reference values reported for the general populations of USA, Germany, and Canada. Multiple regression analyses clearly demonstrated associations between urinary heavy metals in quartiles and several renal and oxidative biomarkers in mothers and to a lesser extent their infants. ß coefficients for urinary excretions of MDA, 8-OHdG, ALB, α1-MG, NAG, and Cr in mothers were high in the highest quartile of Hg (1.183-51.29μg/g Cr or 1.732-106.95μg/l), Cd (0.565-765.776μg/g Cr or 0.785-1347.0μg/l), and Pb (6.606-83.937μg/g Cr or 9.459-80.826μg/l), except Pb was not associated with ALB. Infants in the highest Pb quartile (9.293-263.098μg/l) had the highest ß coefficients of urinary excretion of MDA, 8-OHdG, ALB, NAG, and Cr. Significant increasing trend in biomarkers across the quartiles of the three metals was seen in both mothers and infants (ptrend <0.001). A receiver operating characteristic analysis supported the predictive abilities of the four renal biomarkers in discriminating between low versus high metal quartiles. The interaction between heavy metals and oxidative stress contributed to the high excretions of renal biomarkers, but the mechanism remains unclear. These findings add to the limited evidence that low exposure to heavy metals in the general population is associated with alterations in renal function that could eventually progress to renal damage if exposure continues and that children are more susceptible due to the immaturity of their body organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Al-Saleh
- Environmental Health Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reem Al-Rouqi
- Environmental Health Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rola Elkhatib
- Environmental Health Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai Abduljabbar
- Environmental Health Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahreer Al-Rajudi
- Environmental Health Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
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Isermann J, Prager HM, Ebbinghaus R, Janasik B, Wasowicz W, Dufaux B, Meyer HF, Widera A, Selinski S, Hengstler JG, Golka K. Urinary cadmium levels in active and retired coal miners. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:405-410. [PMID: 28696835 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2017.1304710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A meta-analysis, based upon 24 publications, showed a significantly elevated risk for urinary bladder cancer amongst miners. In European underground hard coal mining areas, an increased risk for urinary bladder cancer development was noted among hard coal miners, in particular in three investigations in the greater Dortmund area. However, the cause remains unclear. As cadmium (Cd), which was reported to be a bladder carcinogen in humans and is a constituent of coal, the aim of this study was to determine urinary Cd levels in active and retired hard coal miners and assess whether hard coal miners demonstrated elevated metal levels. In total, 103 retired and 25 active hard coal miners as well as 18 controls without any history of hard coal mining were investigated for urinary Cd levels. Urinary Cd concentrations, in addition to other elements, were analyzed in spot urines by ICP-MS-based multi-element analysis in a Department for Forensic and Clinical Toxicology. Limit of detection (LOD) for Cd was 0.5 μg/L. Reference value for occupationally non-exposed working age population was 0.8 μg/L. In total, 49% of all underground coal miners were exposed to coal dust, 12% to grinded rock, and 39% to both. Urinary Cd levels in retired as well as active coal miners and controls were clearly below the Biological Exposure Index. Urinary Cd concentration is a suitable biomarker to evaluate the metallic load of the body, as the half-life is > than 10 years. The detected urinary Cd levels in retired and active coal miners indicated underground hard coal miners were not apparently exposed to Cd to a occupationally-relevant concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Isermann
- a Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine , Castrop-Rauxel , Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Prager
- a Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine , Castrop-Rauxel , Germany
| | - Rainer Ebbinghaus
- a Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine , Castrop-Rauxel , Germany
| | - Beata Janasik
- b Department of Environmental and Biological Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine , Lodz , Poland
| | - Wojciech Wasowicz
- b Department of Environmental and Biological Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine , Lodz , Poland
| | - Bertinus Dufaux
- c Department of Forensic and Clinical Toxicology , Bad Salzuflen , Germany
| | | | - Agata Widera
- e Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo) , Dortmund , Germany
| | - Silvia Selinski
- e Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo) , Dortmund , Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- e Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo) , Dortmund , Germany
| | - Klaus Golka
- e Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo) , Dortmund , Germany
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Satarug S, Vesey DA, Gobe GC. Current health risk assessment practice for dietary cadmium: Data from different countries. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 106:430-445. [PMID: 28602857 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant with high rates of soil-to-plant transference. This makes exposure to Cd through the food-chain contamination a public health concern. Cd accumulates in kidneys, and the most frequently reported adverse effect of long-term Cd intake is injury to kidneys. The FAO/WHO Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives established a tolerable dietary intake level and a threshold to safeguard population health. The FAO/WHO tolerable intake was set at 25 μg per kg body weight per month (58 μg per day for a 70-kg person) with urinary Cd threshold at 5.24 μg/g creatinine. Worldwide population data indicate that urinary Cd excretion reflects cumulative Cd exposure or body burden more accurately than estimated Cd intake, derived from total diet study (TDS). For the adult population, TDS estimated Cd intake of 8-25 μg/day, while urinary Cd levels suggest higher intake levels (>30 μg/day). These Cd intake estimates are below the FAO/WHO intake guideline, but they exceed the levels that are associated with distinct pathologies in many organ systems. A wide diversity of Cd toxicity targets and Cd toxicity levels argue for a more restrictive dietary Cd intake guideline and the measures that minimize Cd levels in foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- UQ Diamantina Institute and Centre for Health Services Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - David A Vesey
- UQ Diamantina Institute and Centre for Health Services Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- UQ Diamantina Institute and Centre for Health Services Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
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Branco V, Caito S, Farina M, Teixeira da Rocha J, Aschner M, Carvalho C. Biomarkers of mercury toxicity: Past, present, and future trends. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2017; 20:119-154. [PMID: 28379072 PMCID: PMC6317349 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2017.1289834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) toxicity continues to represent a global health concern. Given that human populations are mostly exposed to low chronic levels of mercurial compounds (methylmercury through fish, mercury vapor from dental amalgams, and ethylmercury from vaccines), the need for more sensitive and refined tools to assess the effects and/or susceptibility to adverse metal-mediated health risks remains. Traditional biomarkers, such as hair or blood Hg levels, are practical and provide a reliable measure of exposure, but given intra-population variability, it is difficult to establish accurate cause-effect relationships. It is therefore important to identify and validate biomarkers that are predictive of early adverse effects prior to adverse health outcomes becoming irreversible. This review describes the predominant biomarkers used by toxicologists and epidemiologists to evaluate exposure, effect and susceptibility to Hg compounds, weighing on their advantages and disadvantages. Most importantly, and in light of recent findings on the molecular mechanisms underlying Hg-mediated toxicity, potential novel biomarkers that might be predictive of toxic effect are presented, and the applicability of these parameters in risk assessment is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Branco
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Sam Caito
- b Department of Molecular Pharmacology , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx , New York , USA
| | - Marcelo Farina
- c Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil
| | - João Teixeira da Rocha
- d Departamento Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , RS , Brazil
| | - Michael Aschner
- b Department of Molecular Pharmacology , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx , New York , USA
| | - Cristina Carvalho
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
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Bridges CC, Zalups RK. The aging kidney and the nephrotoxic effects of mercury. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2017; 20:55-80. [PMID: 28339347 PMCID: PMC6088787 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2016.1243501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Owing to advances in modern medicine, life expectancies are lengthening and leading to an increase in the population of older individuals. The aging process leads to significant alterations in many organ systems, with the kidney being particularly susceptible to age-related changes. Within the kidney, aging leads to ultrastructural changes such as glomerular and tubular hypertrophy, glomerulosclerosis, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, which may compromise renal plasma flow (RPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). These alterations may reduce the functional reserve of the kidneys, making them more susceptible to pathological events when challenged or stressed, such as following exposure to nephrotoxicants. An important and prevalent environmental toxicant that induces nephrotoxic effects is mercury (Hg). Since exposure of normal kidneys to mercuric ions might induce glomerular and tubular injury, aged kidneys, which may not be functioning at full capacity, may be more sensitive to the effects of Hg than normal kidneys. Age-related renal changes and the effects of Hg in the kidney have been characterized separately. However, little is known regarding the influence of nephrotoxicants, such as Hg, on aged kidneys. The purpose of this review was to summarize known findings related to exposure of aged and diseased kidneys to the environmentally relevant nephrotoxicant Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy C Bridges
- a Mercer University School of Medicine , Division of Basic Medical Sciences , Macon , Georgia , USA
| | - Rudolfs K Zalups
- a Mercer University School of Medicine , Division of Basic Medical Sciences , Macon , Georgia , USA
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Satarug S, Vesey DA, Gobe GC. Kidney Cadmium Toxicity, Diabetes and High Blood Pressure: The Perfect Storm. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2017; 241:65-87. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.241.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute and The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute
| | - David A. Vesey
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute and The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute
| | - Glenda C. Gobe
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute and The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute
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Zhang Z, Gao X, Guo M, Jiang H, Cao Y, Zhang N. The Protective Effect of Baicalin Against Lead-Induced Renal Oxidative Damage in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 175:129-135. [PMID: 27209023 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0731-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) exposure is a global environmental problem that can deplete body antioxidant enzymes, causing damage to various macromolecules and ultimately cell death. Pb exposure could lead to serious renal damage. Baicalin, a traditional Chinese medicine, could protect against renal injury through inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis. This study was designed to investigate the protective efficacy of baicalin against Pb-induced nephrotoxicity in mice and to elucidate the potential mechanisms using animal experiment. The results revealed that baicalin decreased Pb-induced bodyweight loss, declined kidney coefficients, and ameliorated renal function and structure in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, baicalin dose dependently increased Pb-induced activity of SOD and GSH-Px, while the content of MDA in the kidney was decreased. In addition, baicalin enhanced the Bcl-2/Bax ratio associated with apoptosis in the kidney. These data indicated that further investigation of the use of baicalin as a new natural chemopreventive agent against Pd poisoning is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zecai Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyao Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Haichao Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongguo Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naisheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China.
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Barbosa F. Toxicology of metals and metalloids: Promising issues for future studies in environmental health and toxicology. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:137-144. [PMID: 28277036 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1259475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The function and behavior of chemical elements in ecosystems and in human health probably comprise one of the most studied issues and a theme of great interest and fascination in science. Hot topics are emerging on an annual basis in this field. Bearing this in mind, some promising themes to explore in the field of metals and metalloids in the environment and in toxicology are highlighted and briefly discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Barbosa
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
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43
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Skröder H, Hawkesworth S, Moore SE, Wagatsuma Y, Kippler M, Vahter M. Prenatal lead exposure and childhood blood pressure and kidney function. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:628-634. [PMID: 27611993 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to lead, a common environmental pollutant, is known to cause cardiovascular and nephrotoxic effects in adults. Potential effects of early-life lead exposure on these functions are, however, less well characterized. OBJECTIVES To assess blood pressure and kidney function in preschool-aged children in relation to prenatal lead exposure. METHODS This prospective study in rural Bangladesh measured children's systolic and diastolic blood pressure in triplicate at the follow-up at 4.5±0.11 years. Their kidney function was assessed by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), calculated based on serum cystatin C concentrations, and by kidney volume, measured by sonography. Exposure to lead was assessed by concentrations in the mothers' blood (erythrocyte fraction; Ery-Pb) in gestational weeks (GW) 14 and 30, the effects of which were evaluated separately in multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses. RESULTS We found no associations between maternal exposure to lead [n~1500 for GW14 and 700 for GW30] and children's blood pressure or eGFR. However, we found an inverse association between late gestation lead and kidney volume, although the sample size was limited (n=117), but not with early gestation lead (n=573). An increase of 85µg/kg in Ery-Pb (median concentration at GW30) was associated with a 6.0cm3/m2 decrease in kidney volume (=0.4SD; p=0.041). After stratifying on gender, there seemed to be a somewhat stronger association in girls. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal lead exposure may cause long-lasting effects on the kidney. This warrants follow-up studies in older children, as well as additional studies in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Skröder
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Yukiko Wagatsuma
- Department of Clinical Trial and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Maria Kippler
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Vahter
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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44
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Lee EK, Shin YJ, Park EY, Kim ND, Moon A, Kwack SJ, Son JY, Kacew S, Lee BM, Bae ON, Kim HS. Selenium-binding protein 1: a sensitive urinary biomarker to detect heavy metal-induced nephrotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:1635-1648. [PMID: 27578022 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1832-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Identifying novel biomarkers to detect nephrotoxicity is clinically important. Here, we attempted to identify new biomarkers for mercury-induced nephrotoxicity and compared their sensitivity to that of traditional biomarkers in animal models. Comparative proteomics analysis was performed in kidney tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats after oral treatment with HgCl2 (0.1, 1, or 5 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Kidney cortex tissues were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis/matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, and differentially expressed proteins were identified. The corresponding spots were quantitated by RT-PCR. Selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1) was found to be the most markedly upregulated protein in the kidney cortex of rats after HgCl2 administration. However, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and glucose levels increased significantly only in the 1 or 5 mg/kg HgCl2-treated groups. A number of urinary excretion proteins, including kidney injury molecule-1, clusterin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and β-microglobulin, increased dose-dependently. Histopathological examination revealed severe proximal tubular damage in high-dose (5 mg/kg) HgCl2-exposed groups. In addition, urinary excretion of SBP1 significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. To confirm the critical role of SBP1 as a biomarker for nephrotoxicity, normal kidney proximal tubular cells were treated with HgCl2, CdCl2, or cisplatin for 24 h. SBP1 levels significantly increased in conditioned media exposed to nephrotoxicants, but decreased in cell lysates. Our investigations suggest that SBP1 may play a critical role in the pathological processes underlying chemical-induced nephrotoxicity. Thus, urinary excretion of SBP1 might be a sensitive and specific biomarker to detect early stages of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui Kyung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Deuk Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Aree Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 132-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jun Kwack
- Department of Biochemistry and Health Science, Changwon National University, Gyeongnam, 641-773, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Son
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sam Kacew
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Byung Mu Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Nam Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea.
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45
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Motawei SM, Gouda HE. Screening of Blood Levels of Mercury, Cadmium, and Copper in Pregnant Women in Dakahlia, Egypt: New Attention to an Old Problem. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 171:308-314. [PMID: 26521060 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals toxicity is a prevalent health problem particularly in developing countries. Mercury and cadmium are toxic elements that have no physiologic functions in human body. They should not be present in the human body by any concentration. Copper, on the other hand, is one of the elements that are essential for normal cell functions and a deficiency as well as an excess of which can cause adverse health effects. To test blood levels of mercury, cadmium, and copper in pregnant women in Dakahlia, Egypt. Using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, blood levels of cadmium, mercury, and copper were measured in 150 pregnant women attending to the antenatal care in Mansoura University Hospital in Dakahlia governorate, Egypt. The mean ± SD of blood mercury, cadmium, and copper levels were found to be far from their levels in the population surveys carried in developed countries like United States of America (USA) and Canada. Heavy metal intoxication and accumulation is a major health hazard. Developing countries, including Egypt, still lack many of the regulatory policies and legislations to control sources of pollution exposure. This should be dealt with in order to solve this problem and limit its health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa M Motawei
- Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Hossam E Gouda
- Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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46
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Metabolic profiling of antioxidant supplement with phytochemicals using plasma 1H NMR-based metabolomics in humans. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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47
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Wallace MAG, Kormos TM, Pleil JD. Blood-borne biomarkers and bioindicators for linking exposure to health effects in environmental health science. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2016; 19:380-409. [PMID: 27759495 PMCID: PMC6147038 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2016.1215772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Environmental health science aims to link environmental pollution sources to adverse health outcomes to develop effective exposure intervention strategies that reduce long-term disease risks. Over the past few decades, the public health community recognized that health risk is driven by interaction between the human genome and external environment. Now that the human genetic code has been sequenced, establishing this "G × E" (gene-environment) interaction requires a similar effort to decode the human exposome, which is the accumulation of an individual's environmental exposures and metabolic responses throughout the person's lifetime. The exposome is composed of endogenous and exogenous chemicals, many of which are measurable as biomarkers in blood, breath, and urine. Exposure to pollutants is assessed by analyzing biofluids for the pollutant itself or its metabolic products. New methods are being developed to use a subset of biomarkers, termed bioindicators, to demonstrate biological changes indicative of future adverse health effects. Typically, environmental biomarkers are assessed using noninvasive (excreted) media, such as breath and urine. Blood is often avoided for biomonitoring due to practical reasons such as medical personnel, infectious waste, or clinical setting, despite the fact that blood represents the central compartment that interacts with every living cell and is the most relevant biofluid for certain applications and analyses. The aims of this study were to (1) review the current use of blood samples in environmental health research, (2) briefly contrast blood with other biological media, and (3) propose additional applications for blood analysis in human exposure research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ariel Geer Wallace
- a Exposure Methods and Measurement Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina , USA
| | | | - Joachim D Pleil
- a Exposure Methods and Measurement Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina , USA
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Tagne-Fotso R, Leroyer A, Howsam M, Dehon B, Richeval C, Nisse C. Current sources of lead exposure and their relative contributions to the blood lead levels in the general adult population of Northern France: The IMEPOGE Study, 2008-2010. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2016; 79:245-265. [PMID: 27074096 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1149131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There is justification for limiting lead (Pb) exposure as much as possible, given its impact on health at low concentrations. Consequently, the aim of this study was to measure blood lead levels (BLL) and examine exposure factors related to BLL variations in the general adult population of northern France, a current and past industrial area. Two thousand inhabitants of northern France, aged between 20 and 59 years, were recruited using the quota method with caution. Blood lead levels were quantified by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), and variation factors were studied separately in men and women using multivariate stepwise linear and logistic regression models. The geometric mean of the BLL was 18.8 μg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.3-19.3). Occupational factors affected BLL only in men and represented 14% of total explained variance of BLL. External occupational factors significantly increasing mean levels of BLL were tobacco, consumption of some beverages (wine, coffee, tea, and/or tap water), raw vegetables, housing characteristics (built prior to 1948, Pb piping in the home) and do-it-yourself or leisure activities (paint stripping or rifle shooting). Consumption habits accounted together for 25% and 18% of the total explained variance, respectively, in men and women. Industrial environment did not significantly contribute to BLL variations. Blood lead levels observed in the general population of this industrial part of France did not appear to be excessively elevated compared to values found internationally. Nonetheless, these BLL remain a public health issue in regard to nonthreshold toxicity attributed to Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romuald Tagne-Fotso
- a Univ. Lille, EA 4483 -IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine , Département Universitaire de Médecine et Santé au Travail , Lille , France
| | - Ariane Leroyer
- a Univ. Lille, EA 4483 -IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine , Département Universitaire de Médecine et Santé au Travail , Lille , France
- b CHU Lille, Pôle de Santé Publique , Lille , France
| | - Mike Howsam
- c Univ. Lille, Centre Universitaire de Mesures et d'Analyses , Lille , France
| | - Betty Dehon
- d CHU Lille , Laboratoire de Toxicologie et Génopathies , Lille , France
| | - Camille Richeval
- d CHU Lille , Laboratoire de Toxicologie et Génopathies , Lille , France
| | - Catherine Nisse
- a Univ. Lille, EA 4483 -IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine , Département Universitaire de Médecine et Santé au Travail , Lille , France
- b CHU Lille, Pôle de Santé Publique , Lille , France
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49
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Cobbina SJ, Xu H, Zhao T, Mao G, Zhou Z, Wu X, Liu H, Zou Y, Wu X, Yang L. A multivariate assessment of innate immune-related gene expressions due to exposure to low concentration individual and mixtures of four kinds of heavy metals on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 47:1032-1042. [PMID: 26549173 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Concerns over the potential health effects of mixtures of low concentration heavy metals on living organisms keep growing by the day. However, the toxicity of low concentration metal mixtures on the immune system of fish species has rarely been investigated. In this study, the zebrafish model was employed to investigate the effect on innate immune and antioxidant-related gene expressions, on exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of individual and mixtures of Pb (0.01 mg/L), Hg (0.001 mg/L), As (0.01 mg/L) and Cd (0.005 mg/L). Messenger-RNA (mRNA) levels of IL1β, TNF-α, IFNγ, Mx, Lyz, C3B and CXCL-Clc which are closely associated with the innate immune system were affected after exposing zebrafish embryos to metals for 120 h post fertilization (hpf). Individual and mixtures of metals exhibited different potentials to modulate innate-immune gene transcription. IL1β genes were significantly up regulated on exposure to Pb + As (2.01-fold) and inhibited on exposure to Pb + Hg + Cd (0.13-fold). TNF-α was significantly inhibited on exposure to As (0.40-fold) and Pb + As (0.32-fold) compared to control. Metal mixtures generally up regulated IFNγ compared to individual metals. Additionally, antioxidant genes were affected, as CAT and GPx gene expressions generally increased, whiles Mn-SOD and Zn/Cu-SOD reduced. Multivariate analysis showed that exposure to individual metals greatly influenced modulation of innate immune genes; whiles metal mixtures influenced antioxidant gene expressions. This suggests that beside oxidative stress, there may be other pathways influencing gene expressions of innate immune and antioxidant-related genes. Low concentration heavy metals also affect expression of development-related (wnt8a and vegf) genes. Altogether, the results of this study clearly demonstrate that low concentration individual and mixtures of metals in aquatic systems will greatly influence the immune system. It is indicative that mechanisms associated with toxicity of metal mixtures is complex, however, further studies to elucidate them are ongoing in our research laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Jerry Cobbina
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Xu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guanghua Mao
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xueshan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanmin Zou
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Chen C, Xun P, Nishijo M, Sekikawa A, He K. Cadmium exposure and risk of pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and case-control studies among individuals without occupational exposure history. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:17465-74. [PMID: 26423282 PMCID: PMC4654666 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5464-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly types of cancer for both genders. Classified as a human carcinogen, cadmium has been related to diverse cancers. However, the association between cadmium exposure and the risk of pancreatic cancer is still unclear. We quantitatively reviewed the observational studies on the association of cadmium exposure with pancreatic cancer risk among individuals without occupational exposure history published through July 2014 in PubMed by using a fixed-effect model. Four prospective cohort studies (112,934 participants with 335 events) and two case-control studies (177 cases and 539 controls) were identified. The summarized relative risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was 2.05 (95% CI = 1.58-2.66), comparing the highest to the lowest category of cadmium exposure. This positive association persisted in men (RR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.04-3.05) but not in women (RR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.63-1.65). Further research is needed to provide more solid evidence on the association of cadmium exposure with pancreatic cancer risk and to elucidate the underlying biological mechanism of the potential gender difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Pengcheng Xun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Muneko Nishijo
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Akira Sekikawa
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Ka He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
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