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Davis AC, Brittain H, Arnocky S, Vaillancourt T. Longitudinal Associations Between Primary and Secondary Psychopathic Traits, Delinquency, and Current Dating Status in Adolescence. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 20:14747049211068670. [PMID: 35072531 PMCID: PMC10496107 DOI: 10.1177/14747049211068670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many have examined the desirability and mate competition tactics of adults higher on psychopathy using cross-sectional data, but few have studied the longitudinal associations between the lower-order factors of psychopathy (e.g., primary and secondary psychopathy) with indices of mating behavior in adolescents. More work is also needed to unravel how psychopathic youth outcompete rivals for mates. Delinquency has long been associated with dating and sexual behavior in adolescents, which may help to explain the competitive success of youth higher in psychopathic traits in vying for mates. We used cross-lagged panel modeling with three waves of data from a randomly drawn sample of 514 Canadian adolescents who provided annual self-reports of primary and secondary psychopathy, delinquency, and dating involvement from Grades 10 to 12 (15-18 years of age). Constructs were temporally stable. Secondary psychopathy and delinquency had positive within-time correlations with current dating status in Grade 10. A cross-lagged pathway from delinquency to dating involvement was supported from Grade 10 to 11, which replicated from Grade 11 to 12. However, this effect was specific to boys and not girls. An indirect effect also emerged whereby secondary psychopathy in Grade 10 increased the likelihood of being in a dating relationship in Grade 12 via heightened delinquency in Grade 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C. Davis
- Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, 145 Jean-Jacques-Lussier, Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1N6N5
| | - Heather Brittain
- Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, 145 Jean-Jacques-Lussier, Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1N6N5
| | - Steven Arnocky
- Department of Psychology, Nipissing University, 100 College Drive, North Bay, Ontario Canada P1B8L7
| | - Tracy Vaillancourt
- Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, 145 Jean-Jacques-Lussier, Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1N6N5
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Antisocial Traits and Risky Sexual Behavior in Inpatient Adolescents. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-021-09931-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lin YT, Hsu JW, Huang KL, Tsai SJ, Su TP, Li CT, Lin WC, Chen TJ, Bai YM, Chen MH. Sexually transmitted infections among adolescents with conduct disorder: a nationwide longitudinal study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 30:1187-1193. [PMID: 32725481 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-020-01605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that conduct disorder is related to risky sexual behaviors, the dominant risk factor for contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI). However, the association between conduct disorder and STIs remains unclear. Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 5733 adolescents with conduct disorder and 22,932 age- and sex-matched controls without conduct disorder were enrolled from 2001 to 2009 and were subject to follow-up until the end of 2011. Participants who contracted any STI during the follow-up period were identified. Cox regression analysis was performed to examine the likelihood of subsequently contracting an STI for patients and controls. Patients with conduct disorder were more likely than controls to develop any STI (HR 3.95, 95% CI 2.97-5.26) after adjusting for demographic data, psychiatric comorbidities, and use of medications. Long-term use of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) was related to a reduced risk (HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.14-0.91) of developing an STI among patients with conduct disorder. Adolescents with conduct disorder had an increased risk of developing any STI later in life compared with those without conduct disorder. Long-term use of SGAs was associated with a lower risk of subsequent STI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tse Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ju-Wei Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai-Lin Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tung-Ping Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Chen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan, ROC. .,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan, ROC. .,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Anderson SL, Zheng Y, McMahon RJ. Do Callous-Unemotional Traits and Conduct Disorder Symptoms Predict the Onset and Development of Adolescent Substance Use? Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2018; 49:688-698. [PMID: 29455341 PMCID: PMC6097951 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-018-0789-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite strong evidence of the relationship between conduct disorder (CD) symptoms and substance use, it is unclear how callous-unemotional (CU) traits predict substance use over and above CD symptoms, and their potential interaction. This study used data from 753 participants followed from grade 7 to 2-years post-high school. Latent growth curve models showed that CU traits predicted the onset of cigarette use, alcohol misuse, and a substance use composite at grade 7 only when no CD symptoms were present. Among those without CD symptoms, boys showed greater change in the odds of using cigarettes, and were more likely to misuse alcohol or use any substance at grade 7 than girls. However, CD symptoms, CU traits, and their interaction did not predict the linear rates of growth of substance use over time. Thus, CU traits may uniquely predict adolescent substance use when CD symptoms are not present. This research has implications for predicting onset of adolescent substance use and for incorporating the assessment of CU traits into interventions targeting adolescent substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Institute for the Reduction of Youth Violence, Simon Fraser University, RCB 7220.1, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
- B. C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Yao Zheng
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Robert J McMahon
- Department of Psychology, Institute for the Reduction of Youth Violence, Simon Fraser University, RCB 7220.1, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
- B. C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Anderson SL, Zheng Y, McMahon RJ. Predicting Risky Sexual Behavior: the Unique and Interactive Roles of Childhood Conduct Disorder Symptoms and Callous-Unemotional Traits. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 45:1147-1156. [PMID: 27812906 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-016-0221-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Conduct disorder (CD) symptoms and callous-unemotional (CU) traits have been shown to be uniquely associated with risky sexual behavior (RSB) in adolescence and early adulthood, yet their interactive role in predicting RSB remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of CD symptoms and CU traits, as well as their interaction, on several RSB outcomes in adolescence and early adulthood. A total of 683 participants (41.7 % female, 47.4 % African American) were followed annually and self-reported age of first sexual intercourse, frequency of condom use, pregnancy, contraction of sexually transmitted infections, and engagement in sexual solicitation from grade 7 to 2-years post-high school. CD symptoms predicted age of first sexual intercourse, condom use, and sexual solicitation. CU traits predicted age of first sexual intercourse and pregnancy. Their interaction predicted a composite score of these RSBs such that CD symptoms positively predicted the composite score among those with high levels of CU traits but not among those with low levels of CU traits. The current findings provide information regarding the importance of both CD symptoms and CU traits in understanding adolescent and early adulthood RSB, as well as the benefits of examining multiple RSB outcomes during this developmental period. These findings have implications for the development and implementation of preventive efforts to target these risky behaviors among adolescents and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Institute for the Reduction of Youth Violence, Simon Fraser University, RCB 7220.1, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada. .,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Yao Zheng
- Department of Psychology, Institute for the Reduction of Youth Violence, Simon Fraser University, RCB 7220.1, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Robert J McMahon
- Department of Psychology, Institute for the Reduction of Youth Violence, Simon Fraser University, RCB 7220.1, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Thornton LC, Frick PJ, Ray JV, Wall Myers TD, Steinberg L, Cauffman E. Risky Sex, Drugs, Sensation Seeking, and Callous Unemotional Traits in Justice-Involved Male Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 48:68-79. [PMID: 29236522 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2017.1399398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined whether callous-unemotional (CU) traits predicted risky sexual behavior (i.e., unprotected sex, casual sex) and whether substance use and sensation seeking mediated this relationship over 24 months in justice-involved young men. Participants (N = 1,216) were an ethnically and racially diverse sample (46.3% White Latino, 38% Black, 15.7% White non-Latino) of first-time offending male adolescents (ages 13-17 years) from 3 U.S. cities. Participants completed 5 self-reported interviews at 6-month intervals over 2 years. Bootstrapped mediation analyses were conducted to test direct effects of CU traits on risky sexual behaviors, as well as indirect effects through substance use and sensation seeking. CU traits at baseline were positively associated with risky sexual behavior 18-24 months later. CU traits were also associated with the hypothesized mediators, sensation seeking and substance use, measured 6-12 months after baseline. CU traits exerted direct effects on later unprotected sex and casual sex, as well as indirect effects through substance use but not sensation seeking. These effects were largely unchanged when accounting for the youth's level of self-reported delinquency. These findings demonstrate that CU traits predict later risky sexual outcomes, and this is at least partly explained by substance use. Further, the findings highlight the importance of CU traits for several outcomes that are of significant public health concern among justice-involved adolescents, namely, risky sexual behavior and substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Thornton
- a Center for Neurobehavioral Research , Boys Town National Research Hospital
| | - Paul J Frick
- b Department of Psychology , Louisiana State University.,c Learning Sciences Institute of Australia , Australian Catholic University
| | - James V Ray
- d Department of Criminal Justice , University of Central Florida
| | | | - Laurence Steinberg
- f Department of Psychology, Temple University.,g Department of Psychology, King Abdulaziz University
| | - Elizabeth Cauffman
- h Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine
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Brooks Holliday S, Ewing BA, Storholm ED, Parast L, D'Amico EJ. Gender differences in the association between conduct disorder and risky sexual behavior. J Adolesc 2017; 56:75-83. [PMID: 28182979 PMCID: PMC5504918 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite suggestions that there are gender differences in the association between conduct disorder (CD) and risky sexual behavior, limited empirical research has examined this question. Youth (N = 616) were recruited from four primary care clinics and completed questions related to risky sexual behavior, alcohol and marijuana use, and CD. Results of stratified multivariate models indicated that the association between CD and having four or more lifetime partners, having two or more partners in the last 3 months, and engaging in condomless sex was stronger among female youth. However, the association between CD and alcohol and other drug use before sex was stronger in male youth. This is an important contribution to our understanding of gender-specific manifestations of conduct disorder, and has the potential to inform screening and brief intervention efforts for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brett A Ewing
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | | | - Layla Parast
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, USA
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Pechorro P, Ray JV, Barroso R, Maroco J, Abrunhosa Gonçalves R. Validation of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits Among a Portuguese Sample of Detained Juvenile Offenders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2016; 60:349-365. [PMID: 25274746 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x14551256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) among a sample of incarcerated male Portuguese juvenile offenders (N = 221). Based on this sample, the Portuguese version of the ICU demonstrated promising psychometric properties, namely, in terms of factor structure, internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and concurrent validity that generally justifies its use among this population. Statistically significant associations were found with conduct disorder, age of criminal onset, crime seriousness, physical violence use in committing crimes, alcohol use, cannabis use, and cocaine/heroin use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James V Ray
- University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, USA
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Maroco
- ISPA - Instituto Universitário (ISPA-IU), Lisboa, Portugal
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Carlson M, Oshri A, Kwon J. Child maltreatment and risk behaviors: The roles of callous/unemotional traits and conscientiousness. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2015; 50:234-43. [PMID: 26233813 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Child maltreatment poses significant risk to the development of callous/unemotional traits as well as risk behaviors such as engaging in violence, having sex with strangers, and binge drinking. In the current study, the indirect pathway from child maltreatment to risk behaviors was examined via callous/unemotional traits; whereas the conscientious personality trait was tested as a moderator of this indirect pathway. Young adults and parents (N=361; Mage=19.14, SD=1.44) completed questionnaires on child maltreatment histories, callousness/unemotional traits, personality characteristics, and risk behaviors. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothesized direct, indirect and conditional indirect effects. Findings showed indirect links between the child maltreatment latent factor and physical fighting, having sex with strangers, and binge drinking via callous/unemotional traits. Furthermore, the conscientiousness personality type significantly buffered the connection between callous/unemotional traits and physical fighting, supporting a conditional indirect effects. Callous/unemotional traits are important factors in the underlying mechanism between child maltreatment and risk behaviors among young adults, and conscientiousness serves as a protective factor against violence. Preventive intervention programs and clinicians may benefit from focusing in addressing callous/unemotional traits among youth who report childhood maltreatment experiences as well as targeting conscientiousness as a protective factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Carlson
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Assaf Oshri
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Josephine Kwon
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Huebner DM, Perry NS. Do behavioral scientists really understand HIV-related sexual risk behavior? A systematic review of longitudinal and experimental studies predicting sexual behavior. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2015; 44:1915-1936. [PMID: 26123067 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-015-0482-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral interventions to reduce sexual risk behavior depend on strong health behavior theory. By identifying the psychosocial variables that lead causally to sexual risk, theories provide interventionists with a guide for how to change behavior. However, empirical research is critical to determining whether a particular theory adequately explains sexual risk behavior. A large body of cross-sectional evidence, which has been reviewed elsewhere, supports the notion that certain theory-based constructs (e.g., self-efficacy) are correlates of sexual behavior. However, given the limitations of inferring causality from correlational research, it is essential that we review the evidence from more methodologically rigorous studies (i.e., longitudinal and experimental designs). This systematic review identified 44 longitudinal studies in which investigators attempted to predict sexual risk from psychosocial variables over time. We also found 134 experimental studies (i.e., randomized controlled trials of HIV interventions), but of these only 9 (6.7 %) report the results of mediation analyses that might provide evidence for the validity of health behavior theories in predicting sexual behavior. Results show little convergent support across both types of studies for most traditional, theoretical predictors of sexual behavior. This suggests that the field must expand the body of empirical work that utilizes the most rigorous study designs to test our theoretical assumptions. The inconsistent results of existing research would indicate that current theoretical models of sexual risk behavior are inadequate, and may require expansion or adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Huebner
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, 380 South 1530 East, Room 502, Salt Lake City, UT, 84102, USA,
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